Ketema Journal MAY_JUN_2021 by Ketema Journal

May | June 2021

Entoto Park \ \/ / 08

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Editor’s Summary

ከከተማ ማህደር

architects ወርሃዊ

News Aggregate

Eyob Biruk

የኢትዮ-ጅቡቲ ባቡር እና መሀንዲሱ የንጉስ አማካሪ -- ህላዊ ሰውነት

Entoto Park

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Supplier List

Material List

Eyob Biruk, Amanuel Samuel

To Stand Back and Observe Winta Assefa

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Editor-in-Chief Wondyerad Mamo Art Direction Leulseged Tibebu Writers Amanuel Samuel Betelhem Amanuel Eyob Biruk Contributors Efrem Beyene Helawi Sewnet Nicole Cieri Westway Architects Medhanit Tadesse Photographers Hilena Tafesse Solan Kifle Marketing Eden Yohannes

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Special Thanks Assefa Yohanes Biruk Haile Ermias Teshome Jesal Mehta Michael Getachew

Our country, the diplomatic center of the continent, has made it through the highly anticipated election month in a record number of turnout that the political landscape had ever witnessed before. History has taken its picture and life impartially went on as usual, so it seems. Witnessing the impressive Entoto Park was apparently a great moment for the capital and it’s residents. On the other hand, the self realization that we have been sleeping over such invaluable resources until now leaves one with undeniable absurdity of our course of actions in the past. In this issue, our contributor and writer Eyob Biruk will walk us through the refreshingly dense foliage of the park and the plethora of activities & services generously placed within. On his latest piece, our Ketema Archives contributor Helawi Sewnet expands on the establishment of the Ethio-Djibouti rail way company that was able to further link Ethiopia with the international economic network by connecting Addis Ababa with the port of Djibouti. In the past two sessions of Architect‘s ወርሃዊ the significance of professionals participating in public service and the political sphere was broadly discussed. We have summarized the later for you presenting Yohannes Mekonnen, Architect, Lecturer and a political nominee in the 6th Ethiopian National Election. At last, the first prize winner for the Ethiopian Satellite Preschool Competition left us bewildered to see that no Ethiopian entry was made for a project to be built right here! Where were you young bloods?! Leaving you to explore the rest of the content, we encourage you to keep your contributions coming.

Stay Safe, Wondyerad Mamo, KJ

Eyob Biruk Regassa Architect, Writer at Ketema Journal jobbiruk1@gmail.com Social media handle: @jobiruk Helawi Sewnet Beshah Architect, Director General, Addis Ababa City Construction Permit and Control Authority Twitter handle: @HelawiSewnet Winta Assefa Weldekiros Architect, Writer, and Sand Artist winta.canvas251@gmail.com Social media handle: @wintaassefa1 Copyright © 2020 Ketema Journal While every care is taken to ensure accuracy, the publisher assumes no liability for errors or omissions in this publication. All advertisements are taken in good faith, and the opinions and views contained herein are not necessarily those of the publisher. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage, and retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in review.

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Session

Architects in

Political discourse

Yohannes Mekonnen Summary:

Eyob Biruk Regassa 10

Greetings, friends and colleagues, the 30th architects ወርሃዊ session was held virtually just like last time due to the rapid spread of Covid-19 pandemic. The virtual session was the 6th of its kind. The discussion was about the influence of the political discourse on architecture, How the political dimension affects designs and how architects should respond to policies towards the discipline’s promising future. We would like to thank Yohannes Mekonnen: Architect, lecturer at EiABC on Conservation and Heritage restoration, and a political nominee in the 6th National election for the brief discussion on the topic. Semawit Ayele commenced the discussion by introducing Yohannes Mekonnen. He mentioned that he had his first degree in Architecture and Urban Planning from Addis Ababa University EiABC, did his masters on Conservation of Architecture and Urban Heritage and currently pursuing his PhD. He later on added that currently he is serving as a lecturer at EiABC and directly engaging in the ongoing political election. Yohannes proceeded by thanking his fellow architects, the audience and his friends for inviting him to be a guest in the selected topic of discussion. He further pursued the discussion by noting out that every individual has several perspectives and dimensions through which he or she expresses themselves. He pointed out that architects are not that fond of the policy making process and don’t take an active role towards it. The Majority of architects after graduation enroll in design studios and shift their focus towards their specific designs on their computers making them forget about the crucial policies that shape designs, at times. Despite their unique understanding of the everyday struggles and wins of society, he added that architects are

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#Meskel Square Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed (PHD) together with Deputy Mayor of Addis Ababa, and other senior officials have inaugurated the grand Meskel Square to Addis Ababa City Hall project built at a cost of 2.6 Billion Birr as part of the Beautifying Sheger initiative. The project mainly focused on the refurbishment of Meskel Square; the most iconic public gathering space in modern history of Addis Ababa that has been hosting several cultural, religious, political, entertainment and sporting activities for more than six decades. This mega project was realized based on the conceptual design produced by an Ethiopian firm, BKW Consulting Architects, Planners and Engineers in collaboration with other local volunteering groups of architects and planners. Also included in the project is the beautification of the 3.5km Churchill Avenue that stretches from Addis Ababa City Hall to the Square. Image: Aron Simeneh 12

Regarding the communication skills of the discipline, Yohannes mentioned that professionals in the industry are always in negotiation with either fellow architects or clients and contractors. He noted out that politics has a repeatable behavior regarding negotiations and decision making. A brief claim mentioned was that the direct involvement in the decision making actually impacts the architecture industry/profession. Studying the life style of residents specific to the profession aids in understanding the political as well as their economic needs. An interesting inclination towards the politics by him developed naturally through progressive as well as proactive practices in the media. As outlined by Yohannes, the policy making process shall be practiced by professionals in the profession. This in turn facilitates a harmonious flow of the housing and development policy. Direct involvement on politics, enhances a much better exposure to the policy making process and getting a chance to criticize and improve the defects in decision making. Another insightful idea that was procured was he supports the idea of politics nurturing architecture rather than devaluing it. Implementing the disciplinary designs makes an idea appreciated. A descriptive example mentioned was “If the mountain can’t come to you, you yourself must go to the mountain”. So, to further participate in implementing our architectural ideas and innovations, going to the politics and being actively involved in the policy making is a rather better approach. Planning and design shall act as a guiding

principle since Ethiopia’s Urban Development in the next 10 years is expected to double. Further analysis and research on the work opportunity, Material Trading and societal inclusiveness must take place in order to oversee a promising future regarding the discipline. In conclusion, Yohannes responded to the question of the Association’s role in going forward of the political discourse was, an active effort and demand to the political parties regarding their respective policies about the architectural discipline and other relevant questions. Yohannes appreciating the sacrifice and compensation made by the Association and its members, reminded all interested and affected members as well as the association to take the opportunity and further participate and curate conversations as major stake holding professionals to inquire what the political arena envisions for the future of the built environment. The session was concluded by encouraging all architects to further push on policy demands and pro-actively participate in the policy making process as affected stakeholders in the architecture profession. We would like to acknowledge moderators Semawit Ayele and Brook Tefera for hosting such a successful virtual session.

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The next architects ወርሃዊ will be held on June 3rd, 2021. See you all next month and keep yourself and families safe from Covid-19 by applying the necessary precautions!

updates

#አዲስ_ዙ ፒኮክ የአንበሶች ማቆያ ማዕከል የአዲስ አበባ ከተማ አስተዳደር ኮንስትራክሽን ቢሮ በባለቤትነት ከሚያስገነባቸው ፕሮጀክቶች ውስጥ አንዱ ነው።የአዲስ ዙ (ፒኮክ) አንበሶች ማቆያ ማዕከል።በቦሌ ክፍለከተማ ወረዳ 4 ልዩ ስሙ ፒኮክ መናፈሻ እየተባለ በሚጠራው ቦታ ላይ የተገነባውና 36 ሄክታር ላይ ያረፈው ማዕከሉ አሁን ላይ ግንባታው ሙሉ በሙሉ ተጠናቆ አገልግሎት መስጠት በሚችልበት ደረጃ ላይ ይገኛል፡፡ በማዕከሉ በአሁኑ ሰዓት 3 አናብስትና 8 ተኩላዎችን(African Wild Dog) ጨምሮ 4 አይነት የእንስሳት ዝርያዎችን በውስጡ ይዟል፡፡ በማዕከሉ የሚመጣ ጎብኚ በተዘጋጀለት 50 ሜትር የሚረዝም ዋሻ ውስጥ በመዘዋወር 4.2 ሴንቲ ሜትር በሚወፍሩና 700 ኪሎ ግራም በሚመዝኑ 10 የተለያዩ የመመልከቻ መስታወቶች በመጠቀም የእንስሳቱን እንቅስቃሴ በመጎብኘት ደስታን መሸመት የሚያስችለው ድንቅ ሀሳብን ይዟል፡፡ ከዚህ በተጨማሪ ጎብኚው ሳይንሳዊ ደረጃውን ጠብቆ ከተዘጋጀለት ሰው ሰራሽ ውሀ አካል ማዶ ላይ አሻግሮ እንስሳቶቹን ፊትለፊት/አካል ለአካል ማየት የሚያስችለው ሌላ አስደሳች ገፅታም በማዕከሉ እውን የተደረገ ሲሆን በዚህም በማዕከሉ ልዩ መስህብ መፍጠር ተችሏል፡፡ በመከላከያ ኮንስትራክሽን ኢንተርፕራይዝ ተቋራጭነት የተገነባውና 91,202,354.24 ብር ወጪ የተደረገበት ይህ ፕሮጀክት ለከተማችን አንድ ድምቀት በመሆን በቅርቡ በይፋ ተመርቆ አገልግሎት መስጠት ይጀምራል።

#GERD 2nd Filling The second filling of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) would be a historic moment to irreversibly end the agelong unjust utilization of the Nile waters by downstream countries, notably Egypt, a diplomacy professor said. Speaking to local media, Civil Service University Diplomacy Professor Endale Nigussie stated that a successful filling of 18 billion cubic meter water in the GERD reservoir in the coming rainy season would change the course of the dam’s talks and enforces Egypt to lose its longstanding hegemony. The second filling of the GERD reservoir would also shift the responsibility of protecting the project to Egypt for the sake of its own safety. The scholar further highlighted that the second filling, in addition to enabling Ethiopia to utilize River Nile fairly and equitably, would allow the country to undertake early electric power generation trials through the two turbines that have been fitted with the mega dam. Source: ethiopianmonitor.com, Image : GERD Project Office

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#Tomoca

xpress #Green Legacy Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has launched the 2021 edition of Green Legacy Initiative aimed at planting 6 billion tree seedlings in Ethiopia and neighboring countries. Abiy wrote on his Facebook page,‘’Today as we launch the 2021 edition of Green Legacy Initiative, we refer to the four year challenge we set in 2019, aimed at addressing the consequences of environmental degradation and climate change.’’ He noted that human life is strongly intertwined with trees, and forests beyond preventing flooding, food insecurity, environment related conflicts and other adverse effects. The premier urged all Ethiopians to “Adorn Ethiopia,” a call to cover the nation Green, see beyond lines of division — regional, ethnic, religious, sex — and in unity dress Ethiopia with the prosperity and dignity the people of this great nation deserve. It is to be recalled that a year ago Ethiopia planted over 4.1 billion tree seedlings as part of the initiative launched in 2019.

Tomoca Coffe is a long established family owned Ethiopian coffee roasting company with over 60 years of experience. Total Ethiopia said its customers can now enjoy a quality coffee in a very nice coffee shop designed by Tomoca and receive a modernized tyre service by Sefa & FAMILY at its Bulgaria and Total Meskel Square service stations in Addis Ababa. “This collaboration with Tomoca, one of the preferred coffee brand for Ethiopians, and Sefa & Family, modernized tyre service provider, will attract new consumers into TOTAL stations,”Thibault Lesueur, Managing Director of Total Ethiopia. It will also help the station to :offer a different way for people to visit our stations, enjoying a good coffee and quality service, in a nice and modern environment,” he added.

The nation is striving to plant 20 billion tree seedlings by 2024 through the Green Legacy Initiative. Source: ena.et news

Source: ethioexplorer.com 15

በንጉስ ዳግማዊ አፄ ምንሊክ አስቸኳይ ጥያቄ መሰረት በ1871 ዓ.ም. ሶስት የስዊስ ባለሙያዎች ወደ ኢትዮጵያ ይገባሉ። የመጡትም ንጉሱ ለሚያስፈልጋቸው የተለያዩ አገልግሎቶች የአውሮፓ ቴክኒሻን እና አማካሪዎችን በመሻታቸው ሲሆን በወቅቱ አፄው የሸዋ ክፍለሀገር ገዢ እንጂ የኢትይጵያ ንጉሰ ነገስት ሆነው አልተሰየሙም ነበር። ከሶስቱ ባለሙያዎች አንዱና ዋነኛው በዙሪክ ፖሊቴክኒክ ትምህርት ቤት የተመረቀው ሜካኒካል መሀንዲስ አልፍሬድ ኢልግ ነበር። አልፍሬድ ኢልግ የኢትዮጵያን ምድር ከረገጠ ጊዜ ጀምሮ ለ28 አመታት በማገልገል የቆየ ሲሆን፣ ከቤተመንግስት ቴክኒሻንነት ተነስቶ የንጉሱ ዲፕሎማሲ አማካሪ ለመሆን የበቃና የአገሪቱን ከፍተኛ የሲቪልና የውትድርና ኮኮብ ሊሻን ተቀዳጅቷል። በታሪክ ምሁራን ዘንድ ኢልግ የኢትዮጵያ ዘመናዊ እድገትና የስልጣኔ ጉዞ ላይ ከፍተኛ አሻራ ጥሎ ያለፈ አውሮፓዊ በመባልም ይታወቃል። ካለፈው እትም ከቀጠለው በዚህ አምዳችን በ19ኛው ክ/ዘመን ማገባደጃና በ20ኛው ክ/ዘመን መጀመሪያ ላይ ከአዲስ አበባ በመነሳት የኢትዮጵያን ማህበረሰብ የእለት ተዕለት ኑሮ የተቀላቀሉትን የአለማችን ግንባር ቀደም ቴክኖሎጂዎችን እየዳሰስን እንገኛለን። በክፍል አንድ ላይ የስልክና የቴሌኮሙኒኬሽን ቴክኖሎጂ በአገራችን የተስፋፋበትን ሂደትና በወቅቱ የገጠሙትን ማህበራዊና ባህላዊ ጫናዎች ተመልክተናል። እንዲሁም አጼ ምንሊክ በዚህም ሳቢያ ‘ከሰይጣን ጋር ተዛመዱ’ በመባል የተኮነኑበትን ሁኔታና የማህበረሰቡን ተጽዕኖ ተቋቁመው ስልክን በማስፋፋት በፍጥነት ከክፍለ ሀገር አስተዳዳሪዎች ጋር በመገናኘትና ቁጥጥር በማድረግ የኢትይጵያ ፖለቲካዊ አንድነት ላይ ተጽዕኖ መፍጠር እንደቻሉ አይተናል። በዚህኛው ክፍል ደግሞ አዲስ አበባን ከጅቡቲ ወደብ ጋር በማገናኘት ኢትዮጵያን ከአለም ኢኮኖሚ ጋር ይበልጥ ያስተሳሰረውን የኢትዮ ጅቡቲ ባቡር ኩባንያን አፈጣጠር እንዲሁም ተያያዥ ኩነቶችና ግለሰቦችን እንቃኛለን። በየካቲት 5, 1885 ዓ.ም. አፄ ምንሊክ የረጅም ጊዜ ረዳታቸውን አልፍሬድ ኢልግን ወሳኝ ተልዕኮ ይሰጡታል። ተልዕኮውም አዲስ አበባን ከቀይ ባህር ጋር በበቅሎ ወይም በግመል ለማገናኘት ስድስት ሳምንታት ይፈጅ የነበረውን ጉዞ በባቡር መንገድ ለመተካት የሚቻልበትን ሁኔታ በማጥናት የግል ኩባንያ እንዲያቋቁም ነበር። ትዕዛዙም እንዲህ ይላል፤

ህላዊ ሰውነት በሻህ

( አ ር ኪ ቴ ክ ት ) 16

አልፍሬድ ኢልግ - ከቀኝ ሁለተኛው - Image: African Train

“ሞዓ አንበሳ ዘእምነገደ ይሁዳ ዳግማዊ ምኒልክ ስዩመ እግዚአብሔር ንጉሰ ነገስተ ዘኢትዮጵያ፤ በዚህ ደብዳቤ ሙሴ አልፈሬድ ኢልግን እስከዛሬ ድረስ ብዙ ዘመን ሲያገለግለኝ የኖረ መሐንድሳችን ሎሌአችን በሐገሬ ንግድና ጥበብ ለማስፋት መንገድ ካልተበጀ እንዳይቀና ስለ አወቅሁት የጢስ ሰረገላን ባገሬ ለማቆም ብፈልግ ለዚህ ባቡር የሚያስፈልገውን ጉዳይ ሁሉ ለመፈጸም ትልቅ ኩባንያ ለማውጣት እንዲመረምር ፍቃድ ሰጥቸዋለሁ። በየካቲት በ፭ ቀን ባዲስ አበባ ከተማ ተጻፈ በ፲፰፻፹፭ ዓመተ ምሕረት።”

ኢልግም ጥናቱን በመፈጸም በአመቱ መጋቢት ወር 1886 ዓ.ም. ላይ ከፈረንሳዊ ባልደረባው ሊዮን ሼፍኖ ጋር በመሆን ዋና መስሪያ ቤቱን በፓሪስ ከተማ ያደረገ “የኢትዮጵያ ኢምፔሪያል የባቡር ኩባንያ” የሚባል ድርጅት ያቋቁማል። አፄ ምንሊክም ለኩባንያው የባቡር መስመሩን እንዲያስገነባ እና ለ99 ዓመት የባቡር አገልግሎትን በማቅረብ እንዲንቀሳቀስ ፈቃድ ይሰጡታል። በተራውም ኩባንያው ለንጉሱ አክሲዮን እና ከሶስት ሚሊዮን ፍራንክ በላይ ትርፍ ሲያገኝ ግማሹን ለመስጠት ይስማማል። የኩባንያውን ምስረታ እንደተጠናቀቀ ኢልግ ወደ አራት ኪሎ ቤተመንግስት ሲመለስ፣ ባልደረባው ሼፍኖ ደግሞ ለኩባንያውና ለባቡር ሀዲዱ የመሰረተ ልማት ግንባታ ሀብት ለማሰባሰብ ወደ ፈረንሳይ፣ ቤልጅየም እና እንግሊዝ ያቀናል። ታሪክ ተገጣጠመ እንዲሉ ሆነና፣ የባቡር ኩባንያው በተቋቋመ በሁለት አመቱ ኢትዮጵያ ከጣሊያን የቅኝ ገዢ ጦር ጋር በአድዋ ተራሮች ላይ ትፋለምና በየካቲት 1888 ዓ.ም. ድል ትጎናጸፋለች። ይህን ተከትሎም የአለም ሀያላን መንግስታት ለአገሪቷ ሉአላዊነት እውቅናቸውን ይሰጣሉ። ኢትዮጵያና ፈረንሳይም በዛው አመት በግንቦት ወር ላይ የጅቡቲ ወደብን ለኢትዮጵያ ንግድ “ህጋዊ መተላለፊያ” ለማድረግ የወዳጅነት ስምምነት ይፈጽማሉ። ኩባንያው ወደ ስራ ለመግባት አስፈላጊ ቅድመ ሁኔታዎችን ያጠናቅቃል። ነገር ግን የባቡር ሃዲድ ግንባታው በቀጣይ ከፍተኛ የፖለቲካ፣ የገንዘብና የዲፕሎማሲ ፈተናዎች የሚገጥሙት እና በተለያዩ ምክንያቶች እጅግ የተንጓተተ ግዙፍ ፕሮጀክት ይሆናል። በመጀመርያ የባቡሩ ኩባንያ ከፋይናንስ ጋር በተያያዘ በአውሮፓ ዙርያ አክስዮን ለመሸጥ ይቸገራል። ከአክስዮን ሽያጩ የተገኘውም ገንዘብ ለግንባታው የሚበቃ ባይሆንም የባቡር ሀዲዱ ግንባታ ስራ በጥቅምት ወር 1890 ዓ.ም. በጅቡቲ ወደብ ላይ ይጀመራል። በሌላ በኩል ከኩባንያው አክስዮን ጋር ተያይዞ የፈረንሳይ መንግስት ፍላጎት በማሳየቱ የኢትዮጵያና የእንግሊዝ መንግስታት ይቆጣሉ። ኢትዮጵያ ወደፊት ከፈረንሳይ ሊመጣባት የሚችል ተጽዕኖን በመስጋት፣ እንግሊዝ ደግሞ በሶማሌ ሀገር የሚገኘው የዘይላ ወደቧን ጥቅም ስለሚጋራባት ተቃውሟቸውን በአደባባይ ያሰማሉ።

የሁለቱ አገራት ፍላጎትና ዛቻ አፄ ምንሊክን ያሰጋቸዋል። በተለይ የፈረንሳይ መንግስት ሳያሳውቃቸው እና የኩባንያው ውለታ ላይ ያሉ በርካታ አንቀፆችን በመጣስ፣ ንጉሱ በባቡሩ ላይ ያላቸውን ተጽዕኖ ለማሳነስና የራሳቸውን ከፍ ለማድረግ የሄዱበት መንገድ ያበሳጫቸዋል። ስለሆነም የባቡር ሀዲድ ፕሮጀክቱን ቀጣይ ምዕራፍ የሆነው ከድሬዳዋ እስከ አዲስ አበባ ከተማ የሚደርሰው ግንባታ እንዲቆም ያደርጋሉ። የባቡሩ የድሬዳዋ ጣቢያ ምረቃ ስነስርዐት ላይም ሳይገኙ ይቀራሉ። ፈረንሳዮቹ ስራ ለመቀጠል ድርድር ለማድረግ ቢጥሩም ንጉሱ አመኔታቸው የበለጠ እየቀነሰ ስለመጣ በማገዳቸው ኩባንያው የብድር እዳውን መክፈል እያቃተው ይመጣና ከፍተኛ ኪሳራ ውስጥ ይወድቃል። የተከሰተውን አለመግባባት ለመታፍት ሲባል ድርድሮች ይደረጉና አፄ ምኒልክ ለሙሴ አልፍሬድ ኢልግ ሰጥተውት የነበረውን የምድር ባቡር ስራና ፈቃድ በምትኩ የግል ሀኪማቸው የሆነው ዶ/ር ጆሴፍ ቪታሊዬ ወኪል ሆኖ እንዲሰራ ይፈቅዳሉ። በነሐሴ 2፣ 1896 ዓ.ም. አፄ ምንሊክ አዲስ አበባ፡ለሚገኘው የፈረንሳይ እንደራሴ በፃፉት ደብዳቤ የባቡር ኩባንያው አላስፈላጊ ጊዜ እንዳይባክንበት በማለትም ከድሬዳዋ ተነስቶ እስከ አዲስ አበባ የሚደርሰውን የፕሮጀክቱን ቀጣይ ምዕራፍ ግንባታ እንዲቀጥል ፈቃዳቸው መሆኑን ይገልፃሉ። ይህን ተከትሎም በታህሳስ 4፣ 1899 ዓ.ም. እንግሊዝ፣ ፈረንሳይ እና ጣሊያን በለንደን ከተማ ኢትዮጵያን በሚያከብር ሁኔታ በተፈራረሙት የሶስትዮሽ ስምምነት ላይ የባቡር መስመሩ ግንባታ መቀጠልን በመደገፍ፣ ነገር ግን ስራው ወይ በቀድሞው የኢትዮጵያ ባቡር ኩባንያ ወይ በሌላ የፈረንሳይ የግል ኩባንያ አማካኝነት እንዲጠናቀቅና የሶስቱ ሀገር ዜጎች የባቡር አገልግሎትና የነጻ የቀረጥ ታክስ እኩል ተጠቃሚ እንዲሆኑ ይወስናሉ። ስለሆነም በቀጣይ የቀድሞው ኩባንያ ይፈርስና ንብረቱ ተላልፎ በአዲስ “የፍራንኮ ኢትዮጵያ ባቡር” በተባለ ድርጅት እንዲተካ ይደረጋል። የባቡር ሀዲዱ ግንባታ በመቀጠል ከተጀመረ ከሁለት አስርተ አመታት በኋላ በ1910 አዲስ አበባ ይደርስና ይጠናቀቃል። በአፄ ምንሊክ የተጀመረው ግንባታ በንግስት ዘውዲቱ ይመረቃል። የኢትዮ ጅቡቲ

የድሬዳዋ ባቡር ሀዲድ - Image: African Train

ጅቡቲ የሚገኘው ባቡር ጣቢያ - Image: African Train

በሁለተኛ ደረጃ፣ የፕሮጀክቱ ግንባታ ከጅቡቲ ወደብ ተነስቶ የመጀመሪያው ምዕራፍ ማጠናቀቂያ የሆነው የኢትዮጵያ ድንበር ላይ ከመድረሱ በፊት ሌላ የፋይናንስ ቀውስ ይገጥመዋል። ይህም እራሳቸውን “አዲሱ የአፍርካ ኩባንያ” በማለት የሚጠሩ የእንግሊዝ ባለሀብቶች አዲስ የገንዘብ ምንጭ ይዘው በመምጣት ኩባንያውን ለረጅም አመታት

ይቆጣጠሩታል። የፈረንሳይ ባለሀብቶች ኩባንያው ላይ የነበራቸውን ሀይል ለመጠበቅ ቢጥሩም አልተቻላቸውም። ሁለቱም መንግስታት የኢትዮጵያን ንግድ በበላይነት የመቆጣጠር ፍላጎት ስለነበራቸው እርስ በርስ ይገፋፋሉ። በመጨረሻም የእንግሊዝና የፈረንሳይ ኢንቬስተሮቹ በጋራ ለመስራት አዲስ “አለም አቀፍ የኢትዮጵያ ባቡር ትረስት እና ግንባታ ኩባንያ” የሚባል ድርጅት ይመሰርታሉ።

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ባቡር ኢትዮጵያን ከባህር በር ጋር በብቸኝነት በማገናኘት ባገለገለባቸው ረዥም አመታት አገሪቷን ለውጪው አለም ተደራሽ እንድትሆን ከፍተኛ አስተዋፅዖ ሲያበረክት፣ የኢኮኖሚና የጦር ሀይል ተወዳዳሪነቷን በከፍተኛ ሁኔታ ጨምሮታል። የኢትዮ - ጅቡቲ ባቡር እስከ 1940ዎቹ ድረስ የኢትዮጵያ ዋነኛ የትራንስፖርት ሰንሰለት ሆኖ በማገልገል ከሁለተኛው የአለም ጦርነት በሃላ ቀስ በቀስ የመንገድ ትራንስፖርት አገልግሎት መስፋፋትን ተከትሎ የባቡር መስመሩ ፋይዳ እየቀነሰ መጥቷል። የድሬዳዋ ከተማን ጨምሮ በመስመሩ ዳርቻ በርካታ ከተሞች እንዲፈጠሩ መንስኤ እንዲሁም የኢትይጵያ የነጻነቷ ተምሳሌት እና የሀገር ኩራት ምንጭ ሆኖ ለረጅም ጊዜ ቆይቷል። የኢትዮ - ጅቡቲ ባቡር በ20ኛው ክ/ዘመን መጀመሪያ ላይ የነበረውን የአለም የሀያላን ፉክክር፣ የቅኝ ግዛት ዘመን ውሎችና ተጽዕኖዎች እንዲሁም የገንዘብ ፈተናዎችን በማለፍ ኢትዮጵያን ከአለም የኢኮኖሚ ማህበረሰብ ጋር ያስተሳሰረ የወቅቱ ግዙፍ ፕሮጀክት ነበር። አሁን ባለንበት የ21ኛው ክፍለዘመን መጀመሪያ ላይ በኢትዮጵያውያን ሀብት የሚገነባውና የሀገር ኩራት ፕሮጀክት የሆነው የህዳሴ ግድብም ተመሳሳይ ሊባሉ በሚችሉ ውጫዊና ውስጣዊ ትግዳሮቶች በመፈትን እና ችግሮቹን ተቋቁሞ በመገባደድ የአፍሪካ ትልቁ ግድብ ለመሆንና ሀይል ለማመንጨት ጫፍ ላይ ይገኛል። አንዳንዴ ታሪክ እራሱን ይደግማል እንደሚባለው ይሆን? በሚቀጥለው አምድ ሌላኛው የአፍሪካ ኩራት የሆነውን የኢትዮጵያ አየር መንገድና የአዲስ አበባ ቦሌ አየር ማረፍያን ታሪካዊ አመጣጥ እንዳስሳለን። ቸር እንሰንብት! Twitter @HelawiSewnet helawi.sewnet@gmail.com

#Intra-city Bus Terminal The city administration invested a total of 200 million to construct the terminal designed to enhance mass transportation service provided by different buses as points of departure and arrival. The facility has a capacity to accommodate at least 20 buses at a time and has a modern transport system infrastructure that monitors the city’s bus operations system. Deputy Mayor of Addis Ababa, Adanach Abiebie said the bus terminal will ease challenges related to public transport in Merkato area – a place considered to be the largest open-air marketplace in Ethiopia. Ambessa Bus and Sheger Bus enterprises will render their services using the Merkato intra-city terminal. Both will use the facility as destination or departure points for a total of 52 routes. The facility is expected to serve more than 6,000 public transport users and a total of 80,000 passengers per day. Source: ethiopianmonitor.com

ራስ ተፈሪ የድሬዳዋ አዲስ አበባ ሀዲድ የምረቃ ጉዞ ሲያደርጉ Image: African Train

#Hara Gebeya Railway Station

The Awash Woldia/Hara Gebeya Railway Project is a new railway line being constructed between Awash and Woldia, Ethiopia.

#Design Peer Review On the afternoon of 04 June 2021, The Addis Ababa City Administration, Building Permit Authority invited Practicing architects for an architectural design PEER REVIEW discussion on one of it’s building permit applications, Roha Advanced Multi-Specialty Hospital. The complex is planned to house 5 hospitals all together with a total of 1,100 beds. The site is 2.8 hectares and the first phase has 8,000 sqm foot print and about 21m building height, while 80% of the site will be left open as Green (Park) space. The project architect is BIGAR BUILDERS AND DEVELOPERS in collaboration with an international design firm specialized in hospital design. As part of the recommendation forwarded by AEA architects on the last Building Permit Reform advisory forum, the effort by The Building Permit authority to initiate such Peer reviews is highly commendable, with the eventually purpose to pave the way for outsourcing of Building Permit checking assignment. The architects from BIGAR also deserve appreciation for being the first in this initiative to present their project for such high level professional gathering and also facilitating the discussion.

Source: President, AEA (Association of Ethiopian Architects) Image: Ketema Journal

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Project owner Ethiopian Railway Corporation (ERC) is investing $1.7bn in the project. Construction of the new line commenced in February 2015. The new railway line will connect northern and central Ethiopia. It will also link the country’s northern and eastern transportation networks. The new Awash Woldia/Hara Gebeya Railway Project is an extension project that will connect to Addis Adaba – Djibouti railway line. Awash railway station lies along the railway line from Addis Adaba to Djibouti. The line will also link with Woldia/ Hara Gebeya- Semera-Dicheto-Elidar project, which will connect northern Ethiopia with Tadjurah port in Djibouti. The Woldia/Hara Gebeya- Semera-Dicheto-Elidar project will provide second transport link to the port and enhance the country’s development. Source: railway-technology.com

IMAGE COURTESY OF: ARON SIMENEH

entoto park Article > Eyob Biruk Amanuel Samuel

Ethiopia’s new UTOPIA; Entoto Park Exhilarating, stupendous, mesmerizing, marvelous, astounding and elegant are some of the most popular terminologies frequently used to describe the national emblem and trending city attraction that is Entoto Park. The park named “biggest park in Africa” by prominent critics and Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed (PHD), is located in the northern hilltops of the capital, rising 3200 meters above sea level and comprising of 1300 hectares of land with a balanced precipitation throughout the year.

As I hiked up the reviving hills, my first impression could easily be generalized by a single word: Unexpected. Entoto mountain has been and is the lung of the city, the healer, refresher and entertainer of tourists because it is mainly covered with numerous plantation family like ‘kosso, zigba, warka and bahirzaf’ making it the main tourist attraction site and a health-oriented park. Entoto park being a government owned project and budgeted by several fundraising platforms together with eleven

private investors, hit the ground running on the 22nd of November, 2019 given a time constraint of only 5 months prior to the conceptual / preliminary design wellarticulated and presented by the prime minister and appointed professionals. The Prime Minister noted that he used to personally visit the mountain long before the park’s commencement; to sit on a stone putting the stressed mind at ease, to enjoy the view of the city and the long-hauled trees that nature has to offer.

Proportionate site visits were manifested by the prime minister himself and respected advisory officials before the project was publicly announced and ground breaking ceremony was held. Situated on the mountain range covering the northern part of the capital, Entoto is a categorical forest long considered the lung of the city. Due to the high altitude and an abundance of fresh oxygen from the forest it used to be known for two things: a training ground for the iconic Ethiopian long distance runners and an income generation method via firewood collection for the local residents. The park’s inception highlights both the potential and the problem it aimed to solve; create a space for the city dwellers on a healthy and recreational basis while also alleviating the conditions of local residents by providing jobs and a means of income. Families living in and around the forest, primarily the women, used to gather colossal amount of firewood which they carried on their backs down the mountain to the nearest market in Kechene an average distance of 3.5 Km. This task not only gained these people meager profits which increased with the amount of firewood but also caused major deformation and spinal injuries for these women. Thus, transforming the lives of these residents needed to take a primary seat in the design inception of the park’s many facilities. This transformation took two steps, first through employment during the construction phase and second through gainful employment during the operational phase. 22

IMAGE: KETEMA JOURNAL

The rough terrain of the mountain chain was an excruciating ordeal for the design team as the primary question before anything started was the provision of a secure transportation infrastructure. Numerous construction companies like Value Engineering, Rama Construction and Melcon Construction were involved in this multi-tiered project with 24 hour shifts and consistent supervisions by the government and relevant professionals. This undoubtedly attained a rapid progression as a 4km road was unearthed and covered by asphalt in just 3 weeks. The major part of the project was completed in just 7 months time as envisioned in the beginning phase proving to the construction industry that huge scale projects like Entoto park can be completed with the quality and excellence necessary if aided with compulsory time management and perseverance. The fact that all the design, construction and budgeting of this local project was all transpired by Ethiopians added an inspirational part to play in the belongingness and attribution of the professional’s motivation to succeed. An interesting factor that made the construction lively and proactive was the demanding nature of the individuals who visited the park whilst it was undergoing construction keeping the professionals involved on their toes. What’s more impressive is that many considered the construction of the park would devastate the local flora. After all, steeply contours of the site must have been a huge challenge for any excavator to be efficient. Not only did the road plan advocate for ‘minimal intervention’ as much as possible but also trees affected were transplanted locally instead of being chopped down as mere construction inputs. This precise effort to preserve the flora was a prolonging effort which will pay back for decades to come. As for the architectural essence, Entoto park as seen from the top of the hill has a metaphorical view which resembles the form of a human silhouette. The pathways are deliberately designed and aligned in such a manner that the roads provided for pedestrians and easy-going bicycles run along the form of a human from head to hands and legs. Practically speaking if one wishes to eagerly complete the whole park, he also completes one full human body cycle. Such an featured

BILOS PASTERY, ENTOTO PARK IMAGE: KETEMA JOURNAL

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KATEGNA RESTAURANT, ENTOTO PARK IMAGE: KETEMA JOURNAL

Entoto constitutes of 4 main gateways named differently at the four directions of the city inviting anyone interested to visit and enjoy the iconic gift of nature in the four villages/ spaces/zones of the park as one might refer to it. The Landmarks: The Historical Entrance This first zone located at the left-hand portion of the human silhouette is the historic entrance to the site. Before settling the plain low lands below Entoto, Emperor Menelik and his cohorts first settled there. This zone serves as the historical point of view to Entoto’s unique situation in addition to the local Entoto Mariam Church and the old palace museum found adjacent to the site. More than the other areas of the park, this site emphasizes the wide sweeping views of Entoto’s peak overlooking the lowlands below. An ideal location during those early days. Telescope aided city views add to this atmosphere, fast food spots enhance the senses, photo shoot sites and outdoor sitting spaces for relaxation and reading are just some of the features of this entrance. The centerpiece of this zone is the white circular platform building serving as the observatory at the edge of a cliff overlooking the city. The contrasting white against the dense foliage and a funneling bamboo structure which takes inspiration from firewood bundles marks this structure kilometers away. The building houses a circular memorial room as an ode to the women who lived their lives carrying firewood. Among the remarkable projects here, Fresh Corner’s floating restaurant draws the eyes as a noticeable feature in the scenery. These floating service areas use the slope of the site to jut out from the restaurant horizontally into the trees, zig zagging in between the canopy. This creates a unique experiential feeling, compared to the rest of the eateries in the area. Other noticeable projects include the Green Gold’s eye-catching design work and a heartwarming monument to the dearly departed CoVID-19 first responders which was 26

IMAGE COURTESY OF: FRANCESCO DANIELLI

allegorical concept implication in a natural park like this make it an outstanding of its kind and shine out to compete with the other world leading parks.

placed by the proposal of the Prime Minister to commemorate their heroic act of sacrifice. The Recreation Zone The second zone located at the main entrance from 'Shiro Meda' road resides at the bottom left portion of the human silhouette making it the prominent attraction and landmark location of the park. It’s a relatively low-lying terrain accessible to most people for its integration into the cityscape. This zone primarily focuses on entertainment and recreation as it contains an archery range, a paint-ball field, a go-cart circuit, horseback riding ranches, and a rockclimbing station.

IMAGE: KETEMA JOURNAL

This zone also contains Zoma Museums plant nursery and Zoma Village. As one of the major plant conservation institutions Zoma played an important role in the construction phase in transplanting trees from construction sites and currently continues the preservation efforts of the forest. In addition to that, Zoma is also constructing a Village, an extensive floating platform projecting from a cliff side and overlooking the city. This project is a massive undertaking that required an entire restructuring of the steep hillsides and the artificial dam below. When finished this project can easily become the poster image of the park.

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Along the hike up the trail, Kuriftu Resorts has planted several lodges and relaxation facilities including camping tents, respite areas and spas that cater to the multitude of crowds that enjoy such pleasures. Services like these are committed to 27

28 IMAGE COURTESY OF: SOLAN KIFLE

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ENTOTO ART CENTER, IMAGE COURTESY OF: ABEL GASHAW_VISUAL

promoting a healthy lifestyle that has been enabled by this forest and it’s serene atmosphere. The Art Center

to both the design and construction of this spaces leading to the zone's mental healing essence. This particular zone is where the major construction efforts focused more than the other zones.

Dubbed 'Art Center’, the third zone is located at the most impervious section of the human form; the heart. This zone is everything public, the beating center of the park. It is significantly wide and consists of outdoor amphitheaters with an art center, art gallery and exhibition that can hold several open cinema and music events making it the first large scale public art space in Ethiopia and the biggest gallery in east Africa. Collaboration between 'YeAle Art School' and EiABC lecturers and 8 promising graduate volunteers was the inspirational guide and factor that led

As one gazes upon the walkways, a significant number of restaurants and cafés greets the eyes. The space is ever more wholesome due to the presence of a firstaid medical responder station. For the audience perceiving this zone, the interior and facades of the buildings here create an Eco-friendly atmosphere through the use of vernacular elements. The materials used in the construction were more of natural ones like tree trunks and mud. Kuriftu Resort and Bilo's pastry are some of the popular entertainment centers using this method of construction to attract their customers.

KURIFTU RESORT, ENTOTO IMAGE COURTESY OF: HILENA TAFESSE

In a more general outlook, the necessary features were to provide the visitors with a 1.5km apart dining place and restrooms throughout the park as consistent elements. Many claim that this project taught them an important lesson; with harmonious collaboration and stupendous time management any grand projects can become a reality. Bridging the gap between water tunnel plantations, telecom line installations, electric systems provision and most importantly the design and integration of internal roads was a noted out strategic approach to meet the time set to finish the project without delay and other implications. The local residents and carrier women who were directly affected by this project were the major beneficiaries of this project. Not only did they gain meaningful employment in construction and/or operations, they also featured

received an emphasized attention afterwards. Women and Recycling, a company advocating for women’s employment in the recycling sector provided proper training and preparation so that these people may lead productive lives with conjunction to preserving the park. Endnote: It was a blessing to rectify the experience of this pure work of art, to get the emotional rollercoaster feel of the whole park and to be able to share it with Ketema Journal. One undeniable mindset refurbishment that this project provided for me and others was proving the statement “Radical change is more than a possibility; It is a certainty”. 31

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I was on the ground, guiding a discussion on a small village in Northern Ethiopia. About thirty minutes in, the debate had gotten so loud, it was difficult to keep track of what was happening. That’s when a staff-wielding man stood up, climbed the concrete curb that encircled us, and started giving a speech at the top of his voice, leaving everyone confused and agitated. How did I end up here? Our research trip organizers had invited the local community leaders of Al'asa to come together and talk about the future. But since I was the only one on the team who spoke the regional language, I had to moderate the debate alone. We had laid down the cloth map and placed small wood blocks all over the cloth to mark the location of the new buildings we were proposing. It'd taken some time to persuade the people in front of me to start talking: we could tell that it was the first time many of them had seen their entire village mapped out like that.

To Stand Back & Observe // Winner of the 23rd annual Berkeley Prize Essay Competition

> Winta Assefa 34

But within minutes, most of them started getting involved. First, some of the men began talking over each other. A few of the women locked eye contact with me and explained their positions on the matter, and I moved the wood blocks on the map according to their suggestions. Then, when

1. Gather participants (Al’asa’s villagers)

the discussion started getting too loud for anybody to focus, people began coming forward to move the woodblocks themselves. That triggered even louder reactions, and more people leaned in to undo the changes they didn't like. After that, we had little control left: the people had taken ownership over the conversation about their village's future. My only job then was to remind them of geographical constraints, future considerations they had to make, and the concerns that different parties

within the group had raised. So even though we had to wrap up shortly after the staff-yielding villager gave an impassioned speech on his people's bravery and autonomy, we'd managed to record a lot of ideas already. It was like Alejandro Aravena once said: participatory design is not a hippie, romantic, let's-all-dream-together-about-the-future-of-the-city kind of thing [i]. It really isn't. No matter the designers' intentions and delivery, the participants could end up feeling fearful, defensive, and angry. I believe that all of those feelings are valid: we were the ones who had come to their birthplace-their homeland-and started talking about change. The trip I went on had been part of a nationwide study called T2D (Tukul to Dachas), which consisted of ten 'prototype' towns from different parts of the country. It all came to a halt when one of our project founders went missing. He traveled to the Southern part of the country and never came back. There was nothing we could do about any of it. It's an incident that shook us in ways little else had done before. Although we never got to see the project through because of the tragic way things had ended, the participatory design process in Al'asa taught me how to listen to large groups of people at once and encourage them to listen to each other too.

point, I stopped walking and asked them to come to a consensus: what was the single most urgent problem that faced most of them? Several answers were yelled back at us. Then, most of the group members looked at each other and uttered what they agreed on: they needed their water pump to work. Most nodded at this statement. Several of them said nothing, though. I had wondered whether they silently agreed with the majority or not. Right then, I was tempted to go back to my university and ask them to only focus on that one thing: water infrastructure. Unfortunately, the master plan we had in mind-which would include the water infrastructure-may take many more years to complete. This could lead to a tough wait in a dry land with just a couple of running water sources. But I didn't know whether the new urban plan would incorporate the sort of water pump they used. So, even if we fix the pump, it may have to be removed later to put a more developed water infrastructure system in place. In this case, investing in a short-term solution could be counterproductive because it would take away from the primary plan's already limited resources. But how can we implement a long-term plan without prolonging these people's suffering?

2. engage everyone in the discussion (on the future of thevillage)

3. Gather reactions & Feedback

But not all of our discussions with the community members were planned. I remember many children interrogating us as we roamed around the village to gather site research. I tried to answer most of the questions they asked. I told them that we were just student researchers who had come to find out what they thought of the urban plan other researchers had devised. But they hadn't warmed up to the idea of significant changes happening there. The locals wanted immediate solutions to individual problems like the lack of water, electricity, or infrastructure services. At one

This dilemma reminded me of what the people at Elemental and the teams who worked with them faced when a devastating earthquake struck Constitution in 2010 [ii]. Since the earthquake and subsequent tsunami essentially destroyed the city, rebuilding had to happen as quickly as possible. So, everyone involved in the reconstruction project gave themselves only a hundred days to redesign the whole city. That's a long time for anyone in an emergency.

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[ii] Boano, C. and Garcia, M., 2013. Lost in Translation? The Challenges of an Equitable Post-Disaster Reconstruction Process

[i] Aravena, A., 2014. My architectural philosophy? Bring the community into the process

The locals had envisioned their hometowns 35

in different ways, so the participatory design process was reportedly intense and full of accusations. But the teams who worked on the reconstruction project listened to the people's concerns and dug deeper. They wanted to find out what else was bothering them. The residents acknowledged that it was good to protect the city against future tsunamis, even though they don't get those very often. But they endured flooding every year, and their public spaces were scarce. Through such discussions, they were able to develop a holistic solution: a forest that would absorb floodwater and serve as a park. Those who worked on that reconstruction project showed that short-term solutions and long-term changes did not have to be dealt with separately: it was by implementing those short-term action plans that people were able to work together and learn to take on more complex challenges as a community. But I don't know when the next time I or anyone in the design field could go back to Al'asa to continue such discussions. At the moment, that region's condition is grim, and it's not because of a natural disaster. A war had erupted there toward the end of 2020. The northern part of Ethiopia experienced a total blackout: no electricity, internet, or phone calls. It was like an entire segment of the country was amputated overnight. I wonder how the staff-wielding villager and his fellow community leaders are doing. How can anyone project into the future within such an unstable political landscape? Following the war in Northern Ethiopia and the international events of 2020 that disrupted construction everywhere, I couldn't help but feel like our profession may be a disposable one during emergencies. If something like a global pandemic can halt most large-scale plans, what do we have to offer in times like these? Where does that put us? Could better listening, more sensitive designs, or participatory design projects have prevented any of these disasters? Even after five and a half years in EiABC, I only came 36

out more aware of how much I don't know. Was that the whole point of this education? I requested a conversation with my institutes's co-founder and my thesis advisor Zegeye Cherenet to have some of my questions answered. I wanted to know: what frequency do I tune my ear to now? How can I pay attention to the complex societal body while also, in Peter Trier's words, '[looking] at the unique attributes and situation of each person as sensitively as [I] can, and [trying] to encourage the development of that?' [iii] We concluded that the answer must begin in how the university teaches architecture. Although our teachers had us go to parts of the town that the city administration, investors, and residents seemed to have given up on, it was usually a one-way route for us. We never go back to the places we drew our research from to let them know how we translated their needs into designs. But unlike Raymond Lifchez's students, visiting outsiders never came to our studios and challenged our designs either. 'Let's break down the wall,' Zegeye reportedly said when he first became EiABC's scientific director in 2009. He was right: Architecture can't just be taught inside the campus, fenced off from the rest of reality. There has to be some osmosis between the two sides. We never got rid of those walls, though. And our shortcomings especially came to light when members of the Disability Development Initiative gave us an Accessibility Seminar Program in October 2019. They toured the campus in their wheelchairs and were dissatisfied with the level of accessibility in EiABC. They informed us that we were the ones who set the bar for other building institutions all over the country: if our university isn’t designed to be accessible by everyone, what more can we expect from the built environment outside our university walls? We need more of those visits to be integrated with our educational programs and not just serve as one-off events. We must keep learning how different people access the built environment we share during our design process for the spaces we design to be inclusive. But while focusing on those life-altering details, we were trained to keep an eye out for the societal [iii] Fior, M. 2017. A House for Someone Unlike Me, dir. Bruce Bassett (Adaptive Environments Center, 1984)

forces on a larger scale too. Through our site visits, we had seen that the people in the places we visited were rich in something that wasn't obvious at first sight. Those communities had skills like designing prints, carpentry, and pottery. Some of those skills could be utilized in the building process and to drive the local economy. So, in our housing class project, we proposed that the former wood workshop employees in our study area receive additional training to make bamboo plastic panels for the houses we designed. Overall, we were happy with our final results. But I wonder how many more of those skills we could have integrated into our designs if we had more of a back-and-forth with the people we were designing for. To me, the most valuable thing we took out of our militaristic campus wasn't the ability to draw detailed plans or make pretty sketches that glorify the makers: it's to develop a keen eye, receptive ear, and vivid imagination. The level of attention we have at the beginning of our design processes must go on throughout our education though. We can't afford to digress or ignore the places we studied. We must ask what we can improve and have the humility to drop whatever doesn't work. Through this service-oriented mindset and the shedding of our ego, we can grow and mature into more sensitive architects. After all, anybody's pride would be too expensive to accommodate here. There is no place for that within the local environment, culture, or history. What there is a significant shortage of is sensitivity and innovation. And that gap is where we're slowly being trained to plug ourselves into. Still, our job does not end at observing our landscape, though. We have to translate the critical issues we identify into physical solutions. It seems like our job comes in two parts: we first read reality, then we form and inform it based on all of the different layers of information we absorb. In a nation with years of civil war and isolationist agricultural societies, standing back and listening takes on a whole new level of importance since so many people had been silenced for too long. We may have to let people share their pain, disappointments, insecurities, and hopes. The article

[iv] Halloran, V., 2020. Solving the Housing Crisis Half-a-House at a Time

whole process could feel like generational therapy. But I learned that I must be as pragmatic as I am optimistic in my approach. Just as we did in Al'asa, we architects must bring different people together and moderate discussions about the form our urban landscapes would take. Every category of people should be represented in such meetings. Otherwise, the frustration and disillusionment could keep bubbling up within this society, and we may risk history repeating itself. There's so much work to do. But once we've made a successful diagnosis, the best way we can move forward is, as Nathan Koren had written, '[by] aligning financial, political, and institutional interests.' There are several international examples of projects that had been conceived and built with communities' participation. For example, from what the team at Elemental had shared about the housing project in Iquique, it seems like people are better off taking as much of the building process as possible into their own hands [iv]. A collaborative design process was also used to identify key problems and design solutions in a Cambodian rural community with physically challenged people [v]. So, it's safe to assume that a similar approach could work here too, whether on the village level-like I experienced in Al'asa-or on the city level-as was documented in Constitution. Ethiopia has a young population, many experienced traditional builders, and an environmentally conscious general public who reportedly broke the international tree-planting world record in 2019. As architects, we must pay attention to these trends and age-old forces and somehow bring them together to create something new. And while it is a scary time to visualize the future here, the sentiments online and on the streets show that people are looking forward to some sort of Ethiopian Renaissance. In university, our professors taught us to look at the future and plan despite what seems to lie ahead, not because of it. In Zegeye's words, 'architecture is what reminds you of the question: what is beauty? What is truth? And that engagement-individually and communally-would give people a chance to help them confront the question in search of meaning. And it's that search for meaning, beauty, and truth that sets the human-animal apart from other animals.' [v] Drain, A., Shekar, A. and Grigg, N., 2018. Participatory design with people with disability in rural Cambodia

Ethiopian Satellite Preschool Competition

First Prize Winner www.archstorming.com 38

Design Team: Khaled Abou Taam, Ali El-Afi, Ekaterina Abou Taam, Catherine Zalzali Beirut, Lebanon competitions

What every child needs Our proposal tries to answer this question and make it fulfilled: Education, Safety, Gathering, Sport and Joy, in an atmosphere of Love. “A Heart”, is a proposal based on a design of making classes around a heart-shaped courtyard, where all children need would be achieved. “A Heart” is a home that embraces multiple cultures and traditions, a space of love. The circular base design meets the main challenge of this competition, since the suggested model can be adapted to different locations, where Abay wants to build preschools, starting with two sites of Dillu and Hiddi. This design, might be fit and integrated in any land as well as it can be a proper and flexible solution for design of such satellite preschools. Our main objective is flexibility in use of spaces and possibility of adding new areas if they are needed. The design proposal of “A Heart” is presented as 2 wings separated by 2 entrances, main and secondary. The 1st wing contains 4 classrooms, covered courtyard, and latrines (Phase I). From there, as additional functions and spaces will be needed (such as multi-functional space, kitchen, dining room and corral + orchard) the second wing will be added (Phase II). Sustainability Since ABAY seeks a self-sustaining model in their schools, we tried to include a passive design strategy to make the proposal sustainable and essential by good use of resources. One of passive design elements is collecting all the run-off water in order to store it in water tanks for later use. Another element is natural ventilation that allows to deliver fresh air into interior spaces. Also, heating is reduced by using straw sheets as roofing of classes. Since there is no electricity supply in the town, we reduced barriers between outdoor and indoor by using light wood stripes that allow permeation and infiltration of natural light. Materials Around the heart-shaped courtyard, a system of doors and windows made out of local wood defines the interior limits. A wooden structure is designed for the use of traditional methods of building with heavy timbers. Lying on this structure, a roof of metal sheets will cover the project. A clay-mud hybrid construction was primarily used for external walls. Among all these components, a sequence of joyful elements, in between spaces and icons, producing a continuous state of excitement and love. 40

competitions

05 Masonry

04 Formwork

03 Rebar

02 Cement

01 Earthwork

Earthwork and Related

Anchor Foundation Specialist Meseret Foundation Midroc Foundation My Wish Enterprise Ries Engineering Wave Businesses

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Capital Cement Dangote Cement Derba Cement Ethio Cement Habesha Cement Messebo Cement Mugher Cement National Cement

+251 922 07 96 25 +251 116 63 42 01 +251 115 54 98 88 +251 111 55 92 52 +251 114 16 32 73 +251 115 58 17 58 +251 114 42 14 80 +251 114 40 14 95

Abyssinia Steel C&E Brothers Steel Factory Kality Metal Products Factory East Steel EKOS Steel Mill Steely RMI Sentinel Steel Walya Steel Industries

+251 930 29 40 25 +251 947 63 63 63 +251 114 34 01 10 +251 118 35 07 50 +251 910 82 26 84 +251 911 23 77 54 +251 930 11 02 44 +251 911 54 74 58

Great Abyssinia HIYA GC Scaffolding Kasma Engineering Keasada General Trading Leed Building Technology Kality Metal Products Factory Leed Building Technology Tesfaye & Family Wood work

+251 115 51 22 74 +251 911 61 63 21 +251 911 20 05 21 +251 111 75 43 46 +251 911 51 76 98 +251 114 34 01 10 +251 911 51 76 98 +251 910 52 53 57

Addis Block Production S.C Bole Bulbula Construction Stone Capital Block Factory KAT Gypsum Block FKT Hydraform Mutayran Building Blocks Factory

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+251 114 39 58 10 +251 911 22 26 71 +251 +251 938 29 99 99 +251 911 20 25 13 +251 911 20 73 30 +251 911 51 48 11

ASAL B & C Aluminum German Aluminum Huajia Aluminum Industry Sador Aluminum Sets General Trading Tracon Trading

Fortune Enterprise Leed Building Technology S.M. Bamnif Impex Wanza Waryt Kidus Markos

+251 113 71 87 51 +251 91 1 51 76 98 +251 114 66 79 94 +251 115 51 79 99 +251 911 21 07 07 +251 911 22 50 82

St Al Op

06 Steel Profiles

AARTI DH Geda Steel Factory Ethiopian Steel GEC Steel Manufacturing HAST Enterprize KOSPI Woda Metal Industry Yegna Trading

07 Aluminum

08 Openings

+251 116 67 35 62 +251 116 63 81 58 +251 938 17 17 17 +251 948 29 83 42 +251 91 1 20 83 77 +251 113 20 6435 +251 118 22 95 75 +251 943 00 00 03

+251 930 47 04 36 +251 911 21 98 21

+251 911 20 05 35 +251 911 20 97 82

Ab-ham Enterprizes Eastern Insulation Company Hertalan Sika Abyssinia Danko Waterproofing

+251 912 60 00 05 +251 938 38 38 38 +251 116 62 53 25 +251 91 1 51 76 98 +251 113 72 05 55 +251 922 566022 +251 923 98 29 73 +251 930 50 50 50

AR Stone Trading Ethio-Ceramics Elegant Leed Building Technology MBI Sapphire Dimensional Stone Stone King WOW Home Store

suppliers

09 Moisture

Moisture protection and Thermal insulation

10 Finishing

supplier lis

11 Paint 12 Sanitary 13 Electrical 14 Mechnanical 15 Security 44

Pa Sn El Mc Ss

Abay Esdee Adulis Bright Paint Factry Dani Granite Dill DH Geda Zemilli Paint Factory Kadisco Nifas Silk Wasse Granite Tsehay Granite

+251 114 67 28 67 +251 920 34 35 02 +251 930 03 38 94 +251 966 26 26 26 +251 113 72 05 55 +251 116 63 81 58 +251 114 39 10 37 +251 115 51 04 82 +251 944 96 96 96 +251 906 31 31 31

Ab plast Jaquar Group Kast Lesso Modern Pipe Manufacturing Roto Rifeng TAD Trading WOW Home Store

+251 116 29 34 94 +251 948 47 47 47 +251 911 21 45 78 +251 966 20 51 51 +251 935 40 90 50 +251 912 21 16 21 +251 116 66 09 71 +251 116 63 30 29 +251 930 40 40 40

BMET Chint - Omicron Engineering Dama Trade Electric World Euro Cable Equatorial Business Group Mujib Commercial Center Romel General Trading WOW Home Store

+251 116 62 09 32 +251 114 39 00 43 +251 911 48 86 30 +251 111 57 15 27 +251 114 42 49 55 +251 911 51 48 11 +251 911 52 34 93 +251 930 40 40 40

Air conditioning and related products Ab-ham Enterprizes Cleantech Energy Electromechanical Dama Trade General Power Harvey Roofing Solution

+251 930 47 04 36 +251 118 61 21 84 +251 936 01 23 26 +251 911 51 45 12 +251 115 50 39 43

Security System and Related Products Africa Fire FIghting Edna Mall HTS Efsec Fisscom Engineering Hassen Business Group iSense Technologies Trust Protection

+251 115 15 83 18 +251 912 50 77 77 +251 911 20 80 41 +251 911 12 09 89 +251 91 1 22 05 76 +251 911 50 82 28 +251 911 14 41 81

+251 979 42 66 42 +251 113 72 86 67 +251 115 53 86 23 +251 113 72 96 48 +251 911 22 50 82 +251 91 1 51 76 98 +251 911 48 86 30 +251 911 21 07 07 +251 930 20 20 20

Alpha Furniture Deluxe Furniture Design Republic Home Depo Kidus Markos Furniture Leed Building Technology Wanza Furnishings Industries Waryt Furniture WOW Home Store

+251 113 72 96 48 +251 938 38 38 38 +251 116 62 53 25 +251 911 24 78 84 +251 911 06 94 59 +251 113 72 05 55 +251 116 62 48 01

Wood & Carpentery Products Addis Home Depot Ethio-Ceramics Elegant Home Base Wood Works Kitchen World MBI Orlando Maroli Family

+251 114 67 39 15 +251 930 10 98 93 +251 113 67 97 48 +251 984 60 60 60

+251 941 92 92 92 +251 938 38 38 38 +251 91 1 51 90 42 +251 939 20 00 00

16 Conveying

17 Facade/Glass

+251 114 39 58 10 ASAL +251 938 84 94 94 Andenet Glass Technology +251 930 03 33 73 Danpal +251 911 25 02 92 Eros Gass +251 911 40 79 94 Hansom International +251 911 51 46 26 Melmos Glass +251 911 60 90 35 Saint-Gobain +251 115 55 77 55 Tafeseha General Glass +251 112 59 32 96 Tefera Seyoum Glass

18 Furniture

19 Carpentry

+251 911 51 56 70 Axel Elevator +251 911 48 86 30 Africa Elevator +251 114 39 00 43 Dan Technocraft +251 911 50 30 00 Hyundai +251 929 133 553 Otis +251 113 72 0172 Schindler +251 111 26 23 76 F&M Trading

20 Speciality

supplier lis

Chemicals and Admixtures

Afro Chemicals MC Bauchemie SIKA Abyssinia Vittorio Chemical Industries Ready-Mix Concrete

suppliers

Accurate Ready-mix Concrete Bamacon Ready-mix concrete Dugda Ready-mix concrete On Time Ready-mix concrete

16.5/pcs 15/pcs 11/pcs

1300/pc 1100/pcs 70/pcs 170/pcs

40x20x24cm 40x20x18cm

RIBBED RIBBED

17/pcs 15/pcs

Yellow Plywood 18mm Normal Plywood 18mm Euclyptus Ø60mm/6m Euclyptus Ø100mm/8m CIS - Corrugated Iron Sheet G-35 - Akaki G-35 - Alemgenet Nail 60mm - 12mm Concrete Nail

24x12x6cm Brick Normal 8.5/pcs 24x12x6cm Brick-SOLID 10/pcs

210/pcs 220/pcs 110/kg 120/kg

20x10x1.5mm RHS 30x10x1.5mm RHS 30x20x2mm RHS 40x20x2mm RHS 50x30x2mm RHS 60x40x2mm RHS 70x50x2mm RHS 80x40x2mm RHS 100x60x2mm RHS 120x80x3mm RHS

355/m 300/m 350/m 300/m 380/m 380/m 580/m 630/m 600/m 730/m

706/bar L - Profile 820/bar T - Profile 884/bar Z - Profile 2182/bar Corner 248/bar 90 Ferma 1661/bar 155-Midrail 1808/bar 155-Kickplate 994/bar T-Compensation 1999/bar Structural - T 518/bar Inverter

20x20x1.5mm SHS 25x25x1.5mm SHS 30x30x2mm SHS 40x40x2mm SHS 50x50x2mm SHS 50x50x3mm SHS 60x60x2mm SHS 60x60x3mm SHS 80x80x3mm SHS 100x100x3mm SHS

430/m 450/m 740/m 965/m 1150/m 1650/m 1100/m 1450/m 1890/m 3750/m

940/bar Slide Frame 818/bar Slide Shatter 316/bar Slide Cup 318/bar 40*20*1mm - RHS 1460/bar End - Mullion 1269/bar Center Mullion 1237/bar Transome 440/bar Pressure Plate 293/bar Cup 985/bar H

Ø18x1mm Ø20x1mm Ø20x1.5mm Ø22x1.5mm Ø28x1.5mm Ø30x1.5mm Ø38x2mm Ø38x3mm Ø50x1.5mm Ø100x2mm

340/m 350/m 450/m 580/m 600/m 650/m 810/m 1510/m 11155/m 2150/m

290/m2 388/m2 440/m2 460/m2 500/m2 572m2 600/m2 630m2 1180/m2 2750/m2

CHS CHS CHS CHS CHS CHS CHS CHS CHS CHS

3mm Clear 3mm Frosted 4mm Clear 4mm Frosted 5mm Clear 5mm Frosted 6mm Clear 6mm Frosted 3+3mm Laminated 10mm Tempered

Deformed Bar

HCB Class-B HCB Class-B HCB Class-B

Formwork/Scaffold

40x20x20cm 40x20x15cm 40x20x10cm

Imported Ø6mm Imported Ø8mm Imported Ø10mm Imported Ø12mm Imported Ø14mm Imported Ø16mm Imported Ø20mm Imported Ø24mm Imported Ø30mm Imported Ø32mm

Aluminum

68/kg 57/kg 58/kg 58/kg 57/kg 58/kg 58.5/kg 57/kg 60/kg 65/kg

Glass

Cement Masonry Steel Profiles 46

Dangote OPC 525/Qnt PPC 530/Qnt Derba OPC 525/Qnt PPC 530/Qnt Ethio OPC - - - /Qnt PPC - - - /Qnt Habesha OPC 525/Qnt PPC 500/Qnt Muger OPC 510/Qnt PPC 520/Qnt

materials materials

#ሑለት እርምጃ

1140/25kg Textura Sparol 2085/gln Epoxy Primer 616/kg Epoxy Primer Hardener 3000/gln Epoxy Top Coat 1650/kg Epoxy Top Coat Hardener 3000/gln Epoxy Clear Top Coat 1650/kg Epoxy CLear Top Coat Hardner 2000/3kg Epoxy Wall Paint 616/kg Epoxy Wall Paint Hardner 600/kg Epoxy Solid Color Paste

Wires 1*1.5 873/100m 1*2.5 1448/100m 1*4 2144/100m Cables 2*1.5 2576/100m 2*2.5 4042/100m 3*4 8434/100m TV 1100/100m Data 1508/100m Switches One-way 75/pcs Two-way 300/pcs

150/pcs 200/pcs 250/pcs 270/pcs 102/pcs 370/pcs 600/pcs 1150/pcs 1800/pcs 100/pcs

Sockets Ø65 90/pcs 6x10 250/pcs TV Ø65 106/pcs 6x10 382/pcs Data Ø65 333/pcs 6x10 470/pcs Distribution x 4 SDB 120/pcs x 6breaker SDB 150/pcs x 8breaker SDB 230/pcs x 12breaker SDB 280/pcs Breakers (1Ph) 6Amp 230/pcs 10Amp 196/pcs 16Amp 196/pcs 25Amp 196/pcs Breakers (3Ph) 6Amp 552/pcs 10Amp 518/pcs 16Amp 518/pcs 25Amp 518/pcs Conduits FØ16mm 10/pcs RØ16mm 25/pcs RØ19mm 25/pcs 48

PPRØ15 4m Pipe PPRØ20 PPRØ25 PPRØ32 PVCØ50 6m Pipe PVCØ75 PVCØ110 PVCØ160 PVCØ200 PVCØ50 Elbow-90°

198/m HDPEØ20 Roll 205/m HDPEØ25 210/m HDPEØ32 75/pcs HDPEØ20 Elbow 120/pcs HDPEØ25 Elbow 150/pcs HDPEØ32 Elbow 500/pcs GalvanizedØ15 700/pcs GalvanizedØ20 1150/pcs GalvanizedØ25 2200/pcs GalvanizedØ50 (4m) (Australia) Timber 140/pcs 5x4cm 160/pcs 5x7cm 400/pcs 5x10cm 1180/pcs 5x30cm (122x244) MDF 500/pcs 6mm 550/pcs 8mm 600/pcs 10mm 730/pcs 12mm 850/pcs 18mm

Finishing

Super Emulsion 270/gln Perfex Acrylic Emulsion 660/gln Weather Guard - Clear 850/gln Tuff Floor Emulsion 5200/25kg Textured Paints (Quartz) Graffiti 1.8-2.5mm 775/25kg Fine 0 - 1mm 775/25kg Super Fine 0 - 0.5mm 850/25kg Travertine 0 - 0.2mm 850/25kg Quartz Super White 915/25kg

Sanitary

Granite Counter Top 300/ml Riser 300/ml Thread 300/ml Sill 300/ml Skirting Ceramic 275/ml PVC 35/ml Wood 300/ml Dry Board Gypsum 300/pcs Magnesium 300/pcs Cement 300/pcs

Carpentry

Finishing Paint - Abay Esdee Electrical

Porcelain Tile 30x30 450/m2 30x60 750/m2 60x60 750/m2 Parquet Bamboo 1400/m2 HDF 700/m2 PVC Tile 30x30 350/m2 Roll Marble White 300/ml Harar 300/ml Sill 300/ml

materials

Jelaram Esdee Manufacturing PLC

Gofa, Infront of Gaky Honda Showroom, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

251 922 45 25 63 / 65 / 66 | 251 910 47 97 81 | 251 912 19 90 93

materials

info@abaypaints.com | www.abaypaints.com

GREE Split Wall AC

DAMA FILAMENT ST64 8W

A60 9W 3-in-One

EMERGENCY 9W 3000K

T-bulb 30W & 40W

FILAMENT ST64 8W

251 936 01 23 251 936 01 23 251 936 01 23

26 27 28

Floor Standing AC

Down Light 7W

Panel Light Round 18W

251 113 20 21 05 www.damatradegroup.com Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Panel Light 300 x 600 24W

Panel Light 600 x 600 40W

B & C ALUMINUM PLC Bole Medhanialem, B&C Aluminum Building, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

251 116 62 79 00 / 251 116 63 80 46 / 251 116 63 80 47 info@bacalum.com | marketing@bacalum.com | www.bacalum.com

Ketema Journal MAY_JUN_2021

Articles inside

Material List