January | February 2022
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126th ADWA VICTORY
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Editor’s Summary
architects ወርሃዊ
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New Ethiopian Schools
News Aggregate
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Supplier List
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Material List
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Association of Ethiopian Architects
ከከተማ ማህደር
የካቲት 12 ፣ ግራዚያኒና አዲስ አበባ -- ህላዊ ሰውነት
New Ethiopia School
January | February 2022
\ \/ / 12
On the Cover
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Abrehot Library
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ET Flight 302 Crash Site Memorial Monumnet & Park - Alebe Desta CAE
ABBA Architects
Abrehot Library By ABBA Architects Location: 4 killo Photo: Jami Hassen Year 2 // № 12
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COVER IMAGE COURTESY OF: JAMI HASSEN
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CURRENT IMAGE COURTESY OF: SOLAN KIFLE HORO
NOVEMBER - DECEMBER 2021
The world’s first safest Elevator
Authorized dealer in Ethiopia
TOWER ENGINEERING & CONSULTANCY 251 115 579 142 251 929 133 553/37 Burj Khalifa Empire State
...
Eiffel Tower Oriental Pear Tower
.
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towerengineeringplc@gmail.com Ethio China road, Bamacon Building 2nd Floor
Zemen Bank Hibret Bank
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CBE HQ ORDA
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The African Building Platform
2nd Year 6th Issue +251 900 57 19 12 www.ketemajournal.com Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Editorial Advisory Addis Mebratu Maheder Gebremedhin Zeleke Belay Co-Founder Leulseged Tibebu leulseged@ketemajournal.com
Managing Editor Helawi Sewnet Editor-in-Chief Wondyerad Mamo Art Direction Leulseged Tibebu Writers Amanuel Samuel Betelhem Amanuel Eyob Biruk Contributors Alebel Desta Helawi Sewnet Yoseph Bereded Photographs Solan Kifle Jami Hassen Marketing Eden Yohannes
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Special Thanks Ermias Teshome Michael Getachew Assefa Yohanes Biruk Haile Abel Gebretsadik
With this first edition of 2022, we at Ketema want to highlight and celebrate the architecture of learning. Not only does architecture inspire imagination and creativity, but also it can unite students, teachers, and the community to create a space that feels energized, organic and magnetic. At such a post-pandemic and post-conflict time we find ourselves in, it is more important than ever before, not only to re-imagine a better future but also to construct spaces that stimulate and inspire us to do so. With the recent inauguration of the Abrehot public library by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed and the launch of The New Ethiopia Schools initiative by Minister of Education Berhanu Nega to re-imagine schools situated in post-conflict zones in the Amhara and Afar regions of Ethiopia, it made sense to focus our issue on places of learning, gathering and exploring. The Abrehot Public Library and the New Ethiopia Schools projects are covered in our feature and Architect’s ወርሃዊ sections respectively. Accompanying these pieces, we present the winner of the ET Flight 302 Crash Site Memorial Monument and park Architectural design competition. What these projects have in common is unique emphasis on the natural landscape designed to complement the built environment in such a way that creates pleasant, reflective and productive outdoor spaces that facilitate learning.
On our Ketema Archives column, we walk you through incidents leading up to the Yekatit 12 Massacare under the 5-year occupation by the Italian Regime from 1936-1941 and its subsequent implications on the Addis Ababa’s urban fabric. And with that, I leave you here to enjoy our carefully curated content and look forward to your contributions on our upcoming issues.
Helawi Sewnet Managing Editor, KJ
Yoseph Bereded Samuel Founder, ABBA Architects ybsamuel66@yhahoo.co.uk Alebel Desta Hailemariam Architect, Alebel Desta CAE alebel_desta@yahoo.com Twitter handle: @AlebelDestaCAE Association of Ethiopian Architects Africa Avenue, TK Building, 1st Floor ethiopianarchitectsassociation@gmail.com Twitter handle: @_aea_aea Telegram: @AEAchannel Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Helawi Sewnet Beshah Architect, Lecturer at EiABC-AAU helawi.sewnet@gmail.com Twitter handle: @HelawiSewnet Eyob Biruk Regassa Architect, Writer at Ketema Journal jobbiruk1@gmail.com Social media handle: @jobiruk Copyright © 2021 Ketema Journal While every care is taken to ensure accuracy, the publisher assumes no liability for errors or omissions in this publication. All advertisements are taken in good faith, and the opinions and views contained herein are not necessarily those of the publisher. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage, and retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in review.
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Greetings, friends and colleagues, we were back at The Urban Centre for the 32nd architects ወርሃዊ session on the topic of “An Alternative Approach to Housing development” with Anteneh Tadesse. It was an awakening session that created the platform for members to discuss and get a precise idea of what the alternative was to the current trend of housing effects on the scope of development. The discussion was more of an update on a new and enhanced form of construction techniques in the industry that enable the development to be cost and time effective. We would like to thank Anteneh Tadesse for taking the time and effort in presenting such elaborative content that gets audiences attentive and engaged. Moderator Semawit Ayele opened the discussion by introducing the invited speaker. She began the discussion by noting that the current trend of housing development in Ethiopia has been stagnant in its effectiveness. Such sessions would aid in updating professionals about alternative approaches to the development industry proven by past experiences and elaborative research.
An Alternative Approach to Housing development
Anteneh commenced the presentation by telling the audience some insights about himself and his team. He mentioned he lived in Sweden for many years and had studied his master's in aerospace engineering. Later on, after studying building acoustics and sustainability, he noticed that the construction sector has yet more to offer to be utilized and improved, he moved to Ethiopia to work on a project with his team of professionals.
with Anteneh Tadesse
The team started to crash stone to increase availability in concrete in the already existing demand. Sustainability in quality, time, and the cost was the pushing factor for their start-up. Delivery systems were ought to be improved to achieve their vision of trustable and quality real estate.
Summary:
In construction quality, clearly understanding detailed material consumption is a good
Eyob Biruk 10
mechanism to meet the set-out standards. For the real estate project, they are pursuing a new approach to housing developments. Detailed specifications have also been placed. The mold of concrete will be followed by layering all processes of structure, electrical, painting and the whole process of construction will be repeated in 24hrs. 3 weeks of intensive training to the labor will only take 3 weeks in turn enhancing the deliverability aspect of buildings. Their formwork is a tunnel formwork system that might demand cranes to transport. A new paradigm shift is ought to take place in considering construction materials as finishing materials. For instance, using grinded and polished concrete to create a smooth surface for floor and wall finishes. A key element to take into consideration is the concrete quality as well as mix since it affects the overall applicability of the technology. Exemplary projects mentioned made with such type of technologies were Doha international airport, an apartment in Sweden, and banks. This and other layers of technologies are the core components of the alternative approach to housing development. Some discussion points raised were what their scope of sustainability was in the project, what the extent of the mentioned concept of ’Hydrogen production is, and waste minimization applicability in Ethiopia. Encouragement from the audience was also acknowledged to Anteneh and the team in their effort to introduce their experiences in Europe with a new approach to the critical issue of housing development in the local context.
The Urban Center is a Creative space born out of the radio show KEBET ESKE KETEMA / ከቤት እስከ ከተማ started on December 25, 2007, focusing on Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and urban life. Menelik II Ave, Addis Ababa Ethiopian Women Federation Building, Ground Floor.
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In conclusion, minimizing waste to minimize the cost of the house is a well-experimented approach but yet needs more intensive studies and research. Several researchers are welcome to the interaction and collaboration in the project since it has wide opportunities for all interested individuals. We would like to acknowledge moderator Semawit Ayele for facilitating such an enlightening session. updates
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Background The war in the northern part of Ethiopia has resulted in unimaginable destruction to the already strained infrastructure of Ethiopia. Among the hardest hit facilities are school facilities. During its early assessments the Ministry of Education (MoE) has accounted for at least 7,000 school facilities that are seriously affected, while half of these have been completely destroyed. The Ethiopian government in its effort to reconstruct these facilities has vouched to rebuild better schools for the children of Ethiopia. To this end on December 15, 2021 the MoE called on the Association of Ethiopian Architects (AEA) to come up with a new vision for these facilities; the new Ethiopia schools (.nEs.) AEA accepted this national call as an opportunity for its members to contribute their professional knowledge in the rebuilding of their country. Currently AEA is mobilizing and engaging its members in a three-stage approach. Stage I is the vision formulation and transla tion stage, Stage II will be the preparation of full design documents for selected pilot projects and Stage Ill will be the compilation of prototype book for the .nEs. The presentation in this publication is an output of Stage I.
The Design Charrette Process
NEW ETHIOPIA SCHOOLS
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Vision formulation is a task that requires input from an informed, creative, and diverse group of individuals and professionals. To this end for the formulation of a bold vision for the .nEs. AEA adopted a popular idea harvesting method in the design industry that is called DESIGN CHARRETTE. Design Charrettes are design workshops or design studios which bring architects together with informed people from a diverse background under a facilitated environment where these people are made to think creatively, or out of the box while debating, discussing and sketching around a round table where ideas are encouraged to flow freely. After days of planning on January 5, 2022 AEA organized a one-day Design Charrette that brought together 60 people around 7 round tables / groups. High schools students, educators, child phycologists, authors, agriculturalists, environmentalists, architects, special planners, authors, artists, businessper sons, school owners, experts from the MoE, forestry specialists, school feeding specialists, parents and university students were some of the backgrounds of those that participated in the Design Charrette. The different ideas that came out from the Design Charrette was further grinded by a group of 20 architects who
worked intensively for a period of twenty days to translate the ideas harvested from the seven tables into a Bold Vision for the .nEs. The presentation here is the explanation of this Vision for the .nEs.
A school has to be organized on activity-based learning rather than classroom-based teaching. Furthermore, schools - at various levels, have
Design Charrette Team
One of the tables at the design charrette session
SCHOOL VISION
I. BASIC CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK: SHCHOOLS AS COMMUNITY CENTERS
In a country characterized by young population, students constitute more than a quarter of the total population - making the net works of students, teachers and their communities as the most effective web residing over the vast territory of the country. Further than being learning in stitutions, schools represent a network that can be used as an effective infrastructure to address the needs of communities everywhere -particularly community in the remotest sites. In rapidly urbanizing nations such as Ethiopia, schools in rural and suburban areas shall be conceived as the embryo and nucleus of future towns. Accordingly, they have to be designed with a proper consideration of the school - community interaction and by providing appropriate public facilities that addresses the basic needs of the immediate communities.
SCHOOLS AS LEARNING FIELDS THAN ROOMS
to be formulated as possible community based laboratories for self-reliance and trade diversification. This can be guided by coupling the learning activities with production primarily, producing consumables for the school communi ty itself and the community at large. II. PROPOSED MAJOR PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES
The school compound can be zoned into three areas: interface zone, protected zone and production zone.
Production Zone
Protected Zone
Interface Zone
1. INTERFACE ZONE: a zone where the school
becomes the community and vice versa. It incorporate both a space and school facilities that are shared with the community. 2. PROTECTED ZONE: prime teaching learning zone where students and family feel safe and secure. 3. PRODUCTION ZONE: Agri-fields (Agricultural activities - for the production of food) Learning through doing-workshops for arts, crafts, science/technology. Design Components
trending
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Protected zone - Plan
III. GENERAL PRINCIPLE AND PROVISIONS SET-IT-IN-NATURE
The prime goal of education is to understand the mechanisms in nature and to learn a method of coexistence among/with ourselves and with nature. Accordingly, schools are best when they are embedded within the natural environment. The spatial and formal structures of schools have to be developed with a target of achieving a green, clean, physically comfortable, safe, and joyful spatial environment. SET-IT-IN-CONTEXT
Environmental, economic, and cultural realities into which the school is going to be embedded into, have to be considered as a basis in designing particular schools in particular locality.School designs have to be responsive to local climate, explore locally avail able materials, and local building skill and building culture. However, utmost attempt has to be made to achieve meaningful and inspiring quality in the built structures.
Class room configuration - protected zone
Both the Product (the built form) and the Process (of making the built form) have to be the object of contextual setting.
WATER FOR SCHOOLS Schools have to secure reliable water source. If accessing existing water source is difficult, developing water (water well, water harvesting and purification, etc) has to be one of the basic goal in the design formulation of school complexes. Such provision can also be extended to serve the surrounding community. Hygiene facilities (toilets, showers. etc., which often are difficult to find in the rural household) have to be conceived as a core element of school infrastructure in Ethiopia. If proper hygiene facilities can be established in schools, it indeed can transform public health condition in the country. In areas where such in frastructure is rare, the facilities can be designed in way to be cherished and shared by local community - making schools a relevant center for the wellbeing of the community at large. TECHNOLOGY AND ENERGY FOR SCHOOLS Plugging into the internet with proper care ensures access to an incredible wealth of knowledge resources. However, such technologies are dependent on electri cal energy. On the other hand, electrical energy is the vital
Production zone - Plan
Production Zones - Barn 14
Dining courtyard
Production zone - Farm
resource for almost all contemporary economic and cultural practices. Schools of almost all levels are centers of contemporary excellence - centers to germinate economic and cultural transformations of a society. Hence, this vital resource has to be taken as one of the major coordinates in establishing schools. If the location of the school is difficult to access an existing energy grid, alternative energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy have to be explored as a viable localized energy source. QUALITY (STANDARDS) FOR SCHOOLS The habitual assumption that relates quality with high cost is simply wrong. Quality is a function of attitude and creativity. Human intelligence and thought! ulness are credited for value addition and improvement of quality in human life. Quality - in spatial production - is primarily a function of innovation in design otherwise referred as good architecture. Furthermore, quality is also sub jected to a culture of care-full-ness (precision) in construction and a culture of up keeping (maintenance - the concept, which many argue, does not even have a common Amharic word). Communities and students have to be tasked for continual (ritual) maintenance work to keep the facilities function for long. Classrooms and other facilities have to be designed and built with
appropriate spatial and technical standards (focusing with student needs). Quality standards imply multiple attributes than the usual description of room sizes.
CIRCLE UP Circle up, not line up ! From the morning assembly to the classroom setup, the concept of student centered learning is consistently expressed in the physical design of the school. Spaces that nurture the unique potentials of every student. The assembly is the central organizing element and the nucleus of the three sectors of the school: the Protected, the interface and the Production areas . Serves as a central meeting point or a performance center (amphitheater) to students and the community.
Interface zone - Plan
Interface zone - Library
trending
Interface zone - Plaza & meeting
Interface zone - Reading court 15
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ከከተማ ማህደር ከከተማ ጋር የሚያያዙ ክስተቶች ፤ ቦታዎችና ግለሰቦች የሚዳሰሱበት አምድ።
የካቲት 12 እና የግራዚያኒ አዲስ አበባ ጣሊያን ኢትዮጵያ ላይ ለሁለተኛ ጊዜ ወረራ አድርጎ ለአምስት አመት በተቆጣጠረበት ወቅት 1929 ዓ.ም. በየካቲት 12 እለተ አርብ ነበር። የአጼ ሀይለስላሴን ወደ እንግሊዝ መሰደድ ተከትሎ እና የሙሶሊኒን የቅኝ ግዛት ህልም እንዲያሳካ የኢትዮጵያ አስተዳዳሪ ሆኖ የተሾመው ግራዚያኒ፣ የኔፕልሱን ልዑል መወለድ አስመልክቶ ለችግርተኛ ቤተሰቦች ገንዘብ እሰጣለሁ ብሎ በገነተ ልዑል ቤተመንግስት (የዛሬው አዲስ አበባ ዩንቨርስቲ ስድስት ኪሎ ግቢ) በርካታ እንግዶች በተገኙበት በአዲስ አበባ ከተማ በድህነት ውስጥ የሚገኙ ነዋሪዎች እንዲሰበሰቡ አዘዘ። ከተጋባዥ እንግዶቹም መካከል የጣልያን ሹማምንት የሜትሮፖሊታን ጳጳስ አቡነ ኪርል እና ሌሎች የኢትዮጵያ መኳንንቶች ተገኝተው ነበር። ብራማ በነበረችው በዛች የወረሃ የካቲት አርብ የተገኙትም ኢትዮጵያውያን ከጠዋት ጀምረው አንድ በአንድ ቤተመንግስቱ ግቢ መሰብሰብ ጀመሩ። እስከረፋዱም ቁጥራቸው ቀላል የማይባል ሶስት ሺህ ያህል ነዋሪዎች በተገኙበት የግራዚያኒ መረሃ ግብር ተጀመረ። የዕለቱ አጀማመር ሲታይ ሊመጣ ያለውን የሀዘን ድባብ የገመተ ሰው ይኖራል ብሎ ለማሰብ ያዳግታል። ጥቂት ቆይቶ እኩለ ቀን ገደማ ሊሆን አካባቢ በዋናው በር በኩል ቦንብ ፈነዳ፣ ሁለተኛም ፈነዳ። ገነተ ልዑል ቤተመንግስት ከየአቅጣጫው ጩኸት አስተጋባ። ሶስተኛ ቦብም ግራዚያኒ እና መኳንንቱ ከተቀመጡበት ጠረጴዛ አጠገብ ሲወረወር ግራዚያኒ ጠረጴዛ ስር ወደቀ። የተወሰኑ የጣልያኖቹን ሹማምንት መታ። ቦምቡን የጣለው ከጣልያኖቹ ዘንድ በአስተርጉዋሚነት ይሰራ የነበረ አብርሃ ደቦጭ እና ጓደኛው ሞገስ አስገዶም የሚባሉ የኤርትራ ክፍለሀገር ተወላጅ ወጣቶች ነበሩ። በጥቅሉ ሰባት ቦምቦች ፈነዱ። ወዲያው ካርቴሲ ወደኢትዮጵያውያኑ መኩዋንንት ሽጉጡን አነጣጥሮ የመጀመሪያዋን አንድ ጥይት ተኮሰ። ካራ ቢኔሬዎችም (የጣሊያን የሲቪል ጠባቂዎች) ምሳሌውን ተከተሉ። በጥቂት ጊዜ ውስጥም ሶስት መቶ ሬሳዎች በዛ ግቢ ውስጥ ተከመሩ። ሀይለኛና ተገቢ ያልሆነ ጭፍጨፋ ነበር። ሽማግሌዎች፣ አይነስውራን፣ እግር የሌላቸው ለማኞች፣ ድሆች እናቶች እስከልጆቻቸው ነበሩበት። ሰላሳ ያህል ሰዎች
ህላዊ ሰውነት በሻ ህ
( አርኪቴ ክት)
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Ethio China friendship road
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ቆሰሉ። ለሶስት ሰአታት ያህል ያለቋረጥ በግቢው ውስጥ ተኩስ ተከፈተ። ከጥቂት ጊዜ በሁዋላ ባለጥቁር ሸሚዞች፣ የጣልያን ሾፌሮች የቅኝ ግዛቱ ወታደሮች በአዲስ አበባ ከተማ እየዞሩ ህዝቡን ይፈጁት ጀመር። እዚህ ቀን ላይ እንዴት ተደረሰ የሚለውን ታሪካዊ ዳራ ወደኋላ መለስ ብለን እንመልከት። አውሮፓውያን በ1877 ዓ.ም. በጀርመን በርሊኑ ኮንፈረንስ ተገናኝተው አፍሪካን አንደቅርጫ ከተከፋፈሏት ከ11 ዓመታት በኋላ ጣልያን ኢትዮጵያን ቅኝ ለመግዛት ስትመጣ አድዋ ላይ በከፍተኛ ሁኔታ ድል ትደረጋለች። አንድ ትውልድ አልፎ ከአርባ አመታት ቆይታ በኋላ በስልጣን ላይ የነበረው የጣልያኑ ፋሽስት ሙሶሎኒ የአድዋን ቁጭት ባለመርሳቱ ከበቀል ጋር ዘመናዊ የሆነ የአየርና የምድር ጦሩን ይዞ ኢትዮጵያ በድጋሚ መጣ። በዚህ ወቅት የጣሊያን ጦር ለኢትዮጵያ ሰራዊት ብርቱ ስለሆነበት አጼ ሃይለስላሴ በሚያዝያ (May 2, 1936) ጠዋት ከአገር ይሰደዳሉ። የጣሊያኑ ሙሶሊኒም ኢትዮጵያን በስተመጨረሻ በእጁ እንዳስገባ በሮማ ለተሰበሰበው ህዝቡ በደስታ አዋጁን አሰማ። የኢትዮጵያን ጦር ማይጨው ላይ መሸነፍ እና እንዲሁም የንጉሱን ከአገር መውጣት ተከትሎ የጣሊያኑ አስተዳደር አዲስ አበባ እስኪገባ ድረስ በመሀል በተፈጠረው ክፍተት መዲናዋ ክፉኛ በተደራጁ ሌቦች ተዘረፈች፣ ጣሊያኖቹ እንዳይጠቀሙ በሚል ብዙ ህንጻዎችም በግለሰቦች ተቃጠሉ፣ ፈረሱ። ሙሶሊኒ ከጣሊያን በሰጠው ቀጥተኛ ትእዛዝ በተጠርጣሪዎቹ ላይ የቅጣት እርምጃ አስወሰደ። ጉዳት የደረሰባት አዲስ አበባም ለወራሪዎቹ መልካም አቀባበል ያደረገች ምቹ ከተማ አልሆነችላቸውም። የጣሊያኑ ኮማንደር ባዶግሊዮ ወዲያውኑ ለሮም በላከው ቴሌግራም ላይ ሙሶሊኒ ወደኢትዮጵያ በስድስት ወራት ውስጥ ሊልካቸው ያሉትን የጣሊያናዊ ቤተሰቦች ዕቅድ ትንሽ እንዲቆጥበው መልዕክቱን አደረሰ። አዲስ አበባም የአዲሱ የፋሺስት ግዛት መዲና የመሆኗ የወደፊት ዕጣ ፈንታ አነጋጋሪ ሆነ። የጣሊያንን መንግስት ከሚያማክሩት ባለሙያዎች ውስጥ አብዛኞቹ አዲስ አበባን መዲና አድርጎ ማስቀጠል ስህተት እንደሚሆን አስጠነቀቁ። በሸለቆዎች የተሰነጣጠቀው ተራራና ኮረብታማ የመልከአ ምድሯ አቀማመጥና ከፍታማነት አድካሚ እና ለጉልበት ስራ አዳጋች እንደሚሆንባቸው 18
እንዲሁም ዘርዘር ያለው የከተማዋ አሰፋፈር ለትራንስፖርት ፈተና እንደሚሆን ቅሬታዎች ቀረቡ። የአፈሩ ባህሪ ተንሸራታችነት ለመሰረት ግንባታ የሚኖረው ተግዳሮት እንዲሁም የነበረው በርካታ የባህር ዛፍ ደን ለኢትዮጵያ ሽፍቶችና ታጋዮች ምሽግ እንደሚሆን ጣሊያኖቹ ሰጉ። ከሁሉም በላይ ግን በአዲስ አበባ የነበረው ብዝሃ ጥቁር አፍሪካዊና ኢትዮጵያዊ ህዝብን አፈናቅሎ ወደሌላ ቦታ ለማስፈርና የቅኝ ገዢዎቹን የመከፋፈል ፖሊሲ ለማራመድ ፈተና እንደሚሆንና እንደፋሺስቱ አመለካከት ከአገሬው ተወላጅ አሻራ የጸዳ አዲስ ከተማ መቆርቆር እንደሚያስፈልግ አመላከቱ። ለአዲስ መዲናነት ደሴ፣ ሞጆ፣ ነቀምት እና ሐረር እንደ አማራጭነት ቀረቡ። ነገር ግን በሙሶሊኒ እይታ ከአዲስ አበባ ውጪ የሆነ የዋና ከተማ ሀይሉን እና ክብሩን ለማሳየት በፍጹም አማራጭ እንደማይሆን ከለንደኑ ዴይሊ ቴሌግራፍ ጋር ባደረገው ቃለ መጠይቅ ይፋ ቢያደርግም ብዙ የቅኝ ግዛት ሹማምንቶቹ ሀሳቡን ይቀይራል የሚል ተስፋ ነበራቸው። በመጀመሪያዎቹ ወራት የፋሽስቱ አስተዳደር የህዝብ የመንገድ ዳር ምልክቶች በጣልያንኛ ተተርጉመው እንዲጻፉ ተደረገ። የዋና ጎዳናዎች ስሞችም በሙሶሊኒ መንግስት ውስጥ በነበሩ አንዳንድ አመራሮች ስም ተሰየሙ። በየቦታውም ሆነ በየቤቱ የሙሶሊኒ ምስል እና በአንዳንድ ቦታዎች ለህዝቡ ፕሮፖጋንዳ የሚያስተላልፉ የድምጽ ማጉያዎች ተሰቀሉ። ከዚህ ጋር ተያይዞ ፋሺስቶቹ ከኢትዮጵያ ነጻነት ጋር የተያያዙ ምስሎች እና ሀውልቶችን ማስወገድ ላይ ተጠመዱ። ከነዚህም ውስጥ አራዳ ጊዮርጊስ አደባባይ ላይ የሚገኘው የምንሊክ ፈረስ ጋላቢ ሀውልት፣ ታላቁ ቤተመንግስት አጠገብ ያለው የባእታ ቤተክርስቲያን ውስጥ የሚገኘው የምኒሊክ መቃብር፣ ለገሀር ባቡር ጣቢያ ፊት ለፊት የቆመው የይሁዳ አንበሳ ሀውልት፣ በወቅቱ አዲስ አበባ ላይ የነበረ የአክሱም ሀውልት አምሳያ፣ የስላሴ ኮኮብ ሀውልት፣ እና በርካታ በወቅቱና ቀደምት የነበሩ መሪዎች ምስሎችን ያካትታል። ሙሶሊኒም በቴሌግራፍ በላከው መልዕክት “የምኒሊክ ሀውልትን መፈንዳት ይኖርበታል” ሲል አቅጣጫውን አስቀመጠ። በወቅቱ የአገሪቱ ተጠባባቂ ገዢ ሆኖ ወደአዲስ አበባ የመጣውና በቅጽል ስሙ “የሊቢያ ጅብ” በመባል ይታወቅ የነበረው የቀድሞ ወታደሩ ግራዚያኒ ከሀውልቶቹ ጋር ተያይዞ የተሰጠውን ትዕዛዝ ለመፈጸም በማቅማማት ለጣልያኑ የቅኝ ግዛቶች ሚንስትር እንዲህ የሚል ቴሌግራፍ መልዕክት ላከ። “አዲስ አበባ እንደመጣሁ የምኒሊክ እና የይሁዳ አንበሳ ሐውልት አልተነሱም ነበር፤ ማንም የክቡርነትዎን ትዕዛዝም አላስተላለፈልኝም ነበር። ነገር ግን አሁን እንዲህ አይነቱ እርምጃ ማስተዋል ያለበት አይመስለኝም፣ በተለይ ተከትሎኝ ከመጣው መጥፎ ስሜ አንጻር። እናም ስኬታማ የሆነ ፖለቲካዊ ውጤት የማመጣ ከሆነ የበረደ አካሄድ መከተል ይኖርብኛል፤ በተለይ የዚህ አይነቱ እርምጃ ከሚነጥለን ከቤተክህነት ጋር፣” በማለት ስጋቱን ገለጸ። በእንደዚህ አይነት ምክንያት ያልተደነቀው ሙሶሊኒ፣ ውሳኔው በአፋጣኝ እንዲፈጸምለት በድጋሚ ስላዘዘ በሀያ አራት ሰዐት ውስጥ የምኒሊክን እና የይሁዳ አንበሳን ሐውልት እንድታነሳ የሚል ትዕዛዝ ለግራዚያኒ በቴሌግራፍ ደረሰው። ከእንደዚህ አይነት ዱብ እዳ
ጋር የተጋፈጠው ግራዚያኒ ትዕዛዙን እንደሚፈጽም ነገር ግን ጊዜ እንደሚያስፈልገው ጠቅሶ ለቅኝ ግዛት ሚንስትር ድኤታው ጻፈ። “እለምንዎታለሁ ክቡርነትዎ፤ የሚንስትሩን ትዕዛዝ እንደምፈጽም ያረጋግጡልኝ። ነገር ግን ሁለቱም ሀውልቶች በርካታ ቶን የሚመዝኑ እንደመሆናቸው፣ ከቆሙበት የማንሳቱ ስራ ባለሙያዎችን እና በርካታ ቀናት ይፈልጋል፣” ሲል በድጋሚ ተማጸነ። ከበርካታ ወራት በኋላ ስራው በጥቅምት 6 ሌሊት ላይ ተጠናቀቀ። ኢትዮጵያውያኑ ከእንቅልፋቸው ተነስተው የምኒሊክን ሀውልት መነሳት ሲያዩ እጅግ ተቆጡ። በአደባባይ ላይ በርካቶች በእንባ ተራጩ። “ምኒሊክን አበቃ። በሌሊት ሰረቁት” ሲሉ አለቀሱ። ህዝቡ ሲሰበሰብ የጣሊያን ወታደሮች በሳንጃ ያባርሯቸው ጀመር። ይህም የሀውልቶቹን መነሳት ተከትሎ የተፈጠረው የኢትዮጵያውያኑ ፀረ ፋሽስት ተአማኒ ስሜት ዜና የጣሊያን መንግስት ጋር ደርሶ ብስጭት ፈጠረ። ግራዚያኒም ከሳምንታት በኋላ በእርምጃ እንደተቆጣጠረው አሳወቀ። በወቅቱ የነበረ አንድ ስዊድናዊ ከአመት በኋላ እንደተናገረው፣ ኢትዮጵያውያኑ እርስ በእርሳቸው ስለጣሊያኖቹ “መንፈሱን እራሱ ይፈሩታል። አድዋን እኛ እንደምናስታውሰው ነው የሚያስታውሱት፤” እያሉ እንደሚንሾካሾኩ ምልከታውን ገልጿል። የኢትዮጵያውያኑም ተቃውሞ እና ትግል በየቦታው ቀጠለ። እናም በዚህ ሁኔታ ከወራት በኋላ አብርሃና ሞገስ በዳግማዊ ምንሊክ ትምህርት ቤት ትምህርታቸውን ለመከታተል የመጡት። አብርሃ በጽኑ የጣሊያኖቹን ዘረኛ ተግባራት ይቃወም ስለነበር ትግሉን ተቀላቅሎ ግራዚያኒን ከግብረአበሮቹ ጋር ለመግደል ሙከራ ያደረገው። በግራዚያኒም አጸፋ ሰላሳ ሺህ ያህል ንጹሀን ተገደሉ፤ ክስተቱም በኢትዮጵያ ታሪክ እጅግ አስከፊ የነበረ ጭፍጨፋ ሆነ። ለማጠቃለል፣ አዲስ አበባ ከአድዋ ድል ማግስት ከሁሉም የኢትዮጵያ ክፍሎችና ከውጭ ሀገራት በመምጣት ሀብትና ንብረት አፍርቶ እየኖረ የነበረው እንዲሁም በከተማዋ እየተበራከተ በመጣውና በተለያዩ የንግድ እና የማህበራዊ አገልግሎት ስራ መስኮች ላይ በተሰማራው የከተማዋ ነዋሪ ቅሬታ አማካኝነት አጼ ምኒሊክ ወደ አዲስ አለም ከተማ ሄዶ አዲስ መዲና የመቆርቆር እቅዳቸውን ሊቀለበስ ችሎ ነበር። በተመሳሳይ ሁኔታም፣ ከአርባ አመት በኋላ የጣሊያን መንግስት ኢትዮጵያን በወረረበት ጊዜ፣ በርካታ የሙሶሊኒ መንግስት አማካሪዎች አዲስ አበባን ትተው አዲስ ከተማ እንዲቆረቆር ቢጎተጉቱትም ሙሶሊኒ አሻፈረኝ በማለቱ አዲስ አበባም አሁን ላለችበት ትሩፋትና ማንነት የካቲት 12 እና በወቅቱ የነበረው የግራዚያኒ አስተዳደር የራሱን አሻራ ጥሎ ሊሄድ ችሏል። ለዚህም ነው የከተማ ቅርስ ስላለፈው ታሪካችን፣ ባህላችን እና ስለማህበረሰባችን ዝግመተ ለውጥ ፍንጮች የሚሰጠን መስኮት ነው የምንለው። ቸር እንሰንብት! Reference: Richard Pankhurst; Development in Addis Ababa During the Italian Fascist Occupation (1936-1941); Proceedings of the INternational Symposium on the Centenary of Addis Ababa, November 24-25, 1986; PP.119-139.
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#gerd starts power generation
The national flagship project of Ethiopia, the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam /GERD/officially started its power production with its two turbines, on the 20th of February, 2022, in the presence of high level officials. The dam in its pre power generation is expected to generate 730 MW by operating the first two turbines, the power produced will cover 20 percent of the nation’s power demand. Currently the overall construction progress of the dam has now reached to 84.2 percent. Ethiopia has made the second filling in the past rainy season. The country has made a stand on equitable water use on the Abay/Nile River. The accomplishment marked a new turn in the Nile saga with Ethiopia setting an indelible mark that would bring riparian countries into a new era of cooperation. Abbay has been a source of distrust and conflict with countries entering regional confrontation. However, the launching of GERD brought a new window of opportunity to the Nile basin region. Ethiopia's proposal to utilize the shared resource through a winwin approach paves the way to turn animosity into amicability.
Source: capitalethiopia, EPA 19
#architects'fee The government will soon determine fees in the construction industry for design and supervision works, ending a competitive market applied to date. The rare move in attaching value to a professional service comes in the wake of a study jointly commissioned by the Construction Management Institute and the Ethiopian Consulting Engineers & Architects Association. Price-based competition is apparent in the construction industry, manifesting a trend of poor quality design work and subpar supervision activities, says a study conducted by HABCON Consult Plc. The Institute and the Association, representing over 1,000 companies in the construction industry, held discussions on the study's findings. It concludes that unfair and cut-throat competition tempts architects and consultants to collude with contractors landing in contracts at low fees that are insufficient to cover direct costs associated with consultancy services. The Institute formulated a guideline for consultants` fees, sent to the Ministry of Urban Development & Infrastructure last week. The Ministry is expected to forward the guidelines to the Ministry of Finance to be used as a reference during public procurement processes. Source: addisfortune.news 20
#CBE inaugurates new HQ Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE) inaugurates the nation’s tallest headquarter on the 8th of February 2022 in conjunction with celebrating its 80 year-diamond anniversary with the presence of the bank’s president, board members and higher government officials. The new headquarter which has taken 5 years and 11 months to complete is said to be the tallest skyscraper in east Africa and the third tallest in Africa. The new headquarter which was built at a cost of 303.5 million USD, China State Construction Engineering Corporation took the construction of the building. The building has 53 stories, 13 commercial floors, 11 floors for conference center. The headquarter area for public access includes exhibition area, cafeteria, sighting area, meeting halls, shopping mall, cinema, gymnasium, spa, children entertainment, restaurant and game areas, among others including parking area which has capacity to handle more than 2000 cars at a time.
#GERD art installation Ethiopia began producing electricity for the first time from the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) inaugurated by the Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed on Sunday February 20, 2022. Three months prior to the ceremony, a mountain adjacent to the dam's left wing, which surrounds the dam's collected water, was chosen as the project's viewing site as it provides excellent views of the dam, the water fall, the confined water, and the scenery. This location not only provides a spectacular view, but it also help to minimize the severe wind that blows due to the topography. As a result, a three-level amphitheater was carved along the mountain's topography to accommodate 1000+ people, complete with a stage that cantilevers from the cliff. It was agreed that the designed art installation would be set on the dam's left wing, which was near to the designated viewing mountain. Fabric with a woven pattern was laid on the dam's top level, which stretches about 350 meters. Traditional woven tibeb (ጥበብ) news
Source: Alebel Desta CAE Office
patterns of Ethiopia are represented by the intertwined green fabric strips. Ethiopians' solidarity in the face of the dam, and how each Ethiopian helped to its development is also symbolized by the weave. Green fabric with a tree cutout design with a height of 26 m and a width of 22 m was positioned on the dam's front face. As the pattern reflects the dam's ability to create green energy and serves as a sustainability attribute, the color signifies nature, environmental awareness, growth and prosperity. This year has demonstrated the importance of architects and other professionals in event installation design; a distinctive design and professional approach ensures impeccable execution and aids in the achievement of a final objective with an everlasting memory. 21
IMAGE: YISHAK TSEHAY IMAGE: JAMI HASSEN
IMAGE COURTESY OF: YISHAK
Abrehot
Library
ABBA Architects
Article > Yoseph Bereded
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Originally conceived by His Excellency Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed (PhD), the Abrehot library site was chosen opposite to the parliament building on formerly designated parkland. A team led by Dr. Fiseha Assefa from Prime Minister's Office called a meeting to brainstorm and develop this grand plan. Local and international experts were invited to give their inputs. Prominent intellectuals from the diaspora like Professor Almariam and Dr. Alulla Abate gave their input and Abba Architects PLC produced the concept design within a period of one week. This dynamism was made possible because of the exemplary leadership of Dr. Fissha and His Excellency Prime Minister’s close followup and positive support. In this process, Addis Ababa Construction Bureau then led by Ato
Yonas Ayalew and his deputy Mr. Helawi's involvement was crucial to take it to the next stage of the design-build bid process swiftly. This process was later successfully completed by Ato Demelash who succeeded Ato Yonas to lead the construction bureau till the whole project was transferred to the Mega Projects office that followed the construction to its successful completion. Located opposite the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia's Parliament Building and developed by the architects as a well-deserved gift for residents of Addis Ababa, the capital city of Africa. Ethiopia has centuries-old literacy culture but when it comes to library buildings we don’t have a defining architectural heritage. However, the old age tradition of reading in the open sky under tree shade and beside tranquil water bodies is what is commonly known across the board. Therefore, the design concept tries to capture this and attempted to translate it into contemporary architecture steeped in tradition. The site is primarily arranged in three functional zones. The first zone is “the knowledge garden” which is the front face of the library space that welcomes visitors to the outdoor reading space defined by a row of olive trees arranged rectilinearly to create a semblance of a large room. The olive trees are placed in rectangular masonry structures that featured
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IMAGE: SOLAN KIFLE
will also serve as seating. A centrally elevated platform with four “Sessa” trees (Albizia Gummifera) creating a natural canopy offers a stage for public speaking, poetry reading, and verities of cultural shows. The knowledge garden outdoor setting invite passerby both pedestrian and vehicular to be drawn to the facility.
Ground Floor Plan Courtesy of ABBA Architects
The second part of the library is the area designated as “knowledge springs”. Here water bodies with fountains are placed to create a tranquil environment for visitors to sit and relax while they are browsing for information on their laptops, tablets, or mobiles. The knowledge spring garden accommodates a sizable wooded area and children's playground. Its direct link visually to the children's library will invite children if they want to take a break from indoor activities. The third and main functional zone is “the knowledge center” which is the library building itself. From Outside, the 20m high colonnaded space creates a gentle yet pronounced entry space that serves as a transition from an outdoor knowledge garden to an indoor knowledge center. Its imagery is inspired by Ethiopian “Tibeb” design, the bold orange "marmorino" plaster is like the “Jano Tilet” design while the detailed calligraphy on the columns replicates the intricate and elaborated patterns on “Tilet” the embroidery edge of Ethiopian traditional cloth “Tibeb libes” meaning a cloth made in wisdom. featured
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Basement Floor Plan Courtesy of ABBA Architects
The same word “Tibeb” meaning wisdom is engraved on these monumental columns in the 18 languages, languages that have their own alphabet that proudly shows how Ethiopia stands tall among the few languages in the world that have its own unique alphabet for Melania. Behind this colonnaded space is placed transparent glazed wall keeping the main library connected to the knowledge garden. On the southwest, the façade is encrusted with perforated ductal concrete panels designed as a decorative element with calligraphed “geez” alphabet and numbers. Placed detached from the glazed wall behind to create shading from the harsh southwest sun irradiation. The library building designed a glass box on three sides except on the west. On the north, the façade is rather plane but with raw concrete colonnades and a massive brutalist blind wall, it creates a stark contrast to the fully glazed cafeteria building. The massive inclined parapet walls roofing of the cafeteria Eco the main library building creating an interesting dialog on the skyline. The entrance vestibule placed on the corner of the East façade of the building welcomes customers into the indoor library. The large warm orange “marmorino” plastered wall punctured with varying size windows above it defines a secured enclosed space for the entrance & exit point. Entering 26
IMAGE: SOLAN KIFLE HORO
First Floor Plan Courtesy of ABBA Architects
the library building one will encounter a multilayered alternating floor level with an open central atrium terminating with glazed vaulted roofing. The central open atrium is graced with the “Etsepatos” tree (Dracena Abysinica) surrounded by shrubs and flowering plants. The central green area with the tree in the middle is symbolic of the old age tradition of Ethiopians culture of reading outdoor under tree shade.
IMAGE: SOLAN KIFLE
Functional arrangements
featured
The ground floor has the main reception desk, the reference counter, the periodicals. A separate enclosed space for the children's library is also included within it. It also has a partially enclosed space for nursing mothers, separate child-friendly toilets are provided with space provision for diaper changing platform. The first floor is placed right above the reference counting only a portion of the total enclosure allowing double-story height on the frontal parts of the library on the ground floor to the periodicals and reception area. The shelving is mainly furnished in the single-story height floors, while the second floor alternate partially to a double story reading area with the same orange color splash on the back wall. On this same floor, a single area is dedicated for group study and business hub varying size 27
IMAGE: JAMI HASSEN
rooms five in number and shelving space with partitions. The five rooms allow the possibility for visitors to conduct a meeting to also do joint projects and exchange ideas for smaller groups. The third floor has a dedicated space for the Brail library with an audio room on one side shelving and a reading space on the other. The fourth and final floor with the oval open space in the middle reflects the skylight that brightens the whole of the library with natural light. The library director's office with additional rooms for support staff and book review space is tacked on the northeast corner while on the south side a meeting room with a capacity of 120 seats and a single meeting room with forty seats. The large meeting room can also be divided into three smaller meeting rooms with soundproof foldable partitions. In addition, the space has a provision of a breakout pre-function space separated from the main library with a glazed partition. This room is primarily provided for lectures, a life-sharing space for citizens with a unique experience, for hosting talks and dialogs on pertinent issues and the like. Direct elevator access from the basement is also provided to prevent noise from crowds coming to the various meeting events. 28
IMAGE: SOLAN KIFLE
The basement/semi-basement area below the ground floor extending below the open plaza between the library building and the knowledge garden accommodates a parking space for 116 cars, book receiving room, catalog room, a large archive room, data server room, a production room (for printing, photocopy, binding, 3D printing and duplication), and a special collection library for special books that will only be opened for researchers with permission. In addition to these functions changing rooms with showers and lockers and a cafeteria with a full flagged kitchen is provided for the staff including resting and relaxing area since it is envisioned that the library to be opened 24 hours. Restaurant A social space that can be used both by librarians and visitors where they can gather to enjoy a cup of coffee, a small snack /meal away from the busier public spaces. The restaurant is designed in such a way to be accessible by visitors in all directions. The restaurant can serve visitors seating around the patio as well as at the grand plaza. The small kitchen in the back will be supplied featured
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Second Floor Plan Courtesy of ABBA Architects
from the lower floor storage space that can be accessed from the basement level for delivery as well. The cafeteria has transparent curtain walls on all sides giving spectacular sightlines towards the library as well as the garden across the road. Shops 8 free-standing book shops are designed along the pedestrian path on the northern side of the site. the shops are designed with a front rolling up shutter door which fully opens and gives a welcoming sight for the visitors. The shops are provided with a public front plaza and garden in stepped platforms which can be used as an outdoor reading space. These plazas are accessible both by stair and directly from the upper section of the pedestrian entry for universal access. These shops are designed to be used by old book collectors that are scattered in town with small container shops. Landscape and Urban Spaces Landscape as an outdoor reading space and recreational park: Ethiopians have used the natural landscape as an outdoor learning space for decades. The church 30
IMAGE: JAMI HASSEN
Third Floor Plan Courtesy of ABBA Architects
schools in the monasteries are still a living example of this cultural phenomenon. The Islamic schools (madrassa) in the countryside are also other examples of outdoor knowledge transfer. Besides in the countryside studying under tree shades in the riverside landscapes is a common phenomenon. These are the outdoor natural landscape reading spaces that provide students with quiet and tranquil outdoor reading rooms in touch with nature and enjoying the fresh breath from the water garden. The landscape is designed with major principles of landscape design to create attractive, pleasing and comfortable formal and informal (organic landscape spaces). Indigenous plantations Vs sustainability The entire landscape area is planted with indigenous plants which are adapted to local environmental conditions, demanding far less water, saving time, money, and perhaps the most valuable natural resource, water in addition to providing vital habitat for birds & many other species of wildlife benefits as well. featured
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Unfortunately, most of the landscaping plants available in nurseries here are exotic species from other countries. These exotic plants not only sever the food web, but many have become invasive pests, out-competing native species, and degrading habitats in remaining natural areas. As a design approach, we are trying to overcome this challenge in Addis Ababa by planting indigenous plants such as Sessa, Weyra, Zigba, Tid, Birbira, Girar, Koso, Warka etc ..depending on the location and type of activities under the trees. The gardens are also planted with succulent plants and low-growing shrubs with different arrangements to give nice-looking visual appeal and barrier from the street side noise. The landscape was organized based on the topography and different characters within the landscape to be used so that it can be used for different activities. The landscape area is generally zoned as follows: Knowledge Garden The knowledge garden is a formal garden with trees defining the edge creating an outdoor room. it is located across the plaza from the main library. The garden can be used as a public speaking space for outdoor shows, poetry reading, and the like. The idea of the knowledge garden was inspired by the traditional Ethiopian schooling system which is mostly under the shade of a big tree. The tree garden is designed as an outdoor reading room with a line of Weira” (Olea Europia) all around the edge forming an enclosure around the rectilinear space and a central stage area defined by an elevated platform and canopy of “Sessa” (Albizia gummifera) trees. The central axis of the garden can be used as a path for visitors coming from the parliament side leading them directly to the entrance of the main building. The garden is also furnished with landscape seats under trees with power & Wi-Fi 32
connections where visitors can browse different digital media enjoying the outdoor scene. Knowledge Spring This is one of the major zones of the site designed with water features, a sand playground, furniture, and small play spaces with diverse characters, aimed mainly at families and smaller children (3 to 10 years). The area has water features with fountains and water sprays with soothing sounds for readers seating around mimicking the traditional schooling and reading around rivers. The northern top corner of this zone with its dense plantation and altitude difference will be also a quiet reading /Meditation area with a view towards the entire garden. Knowledge Alley It is a wide road which is only accessed by
of cast-in-situ concrete and grass strips.
pedestrians but can be used for cars in case of emergency. The road is surrounded by greenery with trees on both sides. It is aligned with the axis of the holy trinity church keeping the only left historic pattern of the area.
The amphitheater faces the children's library where the screen will be provided between columns to display different educational movies/documentaries, it can also serve as an outdoor extension of the children's library for storytelling or similar activities.
The northern side of the alley is surrounded by book shops which are placed on a raised platform with different levels following the natural topography of the site still allowing universal accessibility for each. The shops' courtyard is connected by steps for user’s convenience and the retaining walls separating the levels will be used as seats for visitors.
Urban Plaza Plazas are one of the prominent characters of modern libraries these days all around the world, changing libraries from historic quiet spaces to active urban communicating spaces. The terrace/plaza garden located on the front (east) side of the library serves as a bridge between the garden and the library interior, it’s an open place where library users flow out. The plaza is surrounded by the library colonnade on the west and by a cafeteria on the north and a knowledge garden on the east. The space is provided with concrete seats, bushes, and water features giving it an urban square character.
Amphitheatre The Amphitheatre located at the northern side of the library is created taking the topography difference as an advantage. The seats are made of a combination
Part of the plaza area can also serve users as an outdoor extension of the cafeteria at the northern edge. The southern part of the plaza is used to pull passer-byes easily towards the garden and interact with users which will make it easier for them to use the library in the meantime. Landscape Lighting
IMAGE: SOLAN KIFLE
Landscape lighting is also given special attention to get a nice night outdoor ambiance, safety, nighttime aesthetics, accessibility, security, recreation, and social/event uses since the library is expected to function 24 hours.
featured
The lighting fixtures are designed in such a way to be hidden within bushes, seats, or rock formations and properly oriented to highlight the leaves in a tall tree or wash up a textural wall. 33
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IMAGE: JAMI HASSEN
featured
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MC Concrete Solutions geared to optimizing concrete characteristics in the ready-mix, prefabrication and concrete product segments.
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Ethiopia
The Accident Ethiopian Flight 302 crashed on March 2019 into the ground of a farm about 115 kilometers southeast of Addis Ababa, six minutes after taking off from the airport. Passengers on this trip came from 35 different countries, including Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Slovakia, Germany, Kenya, Ethiopia, Sweden, India, Russia, Norway, China, France, Israel, and several others. As the Ethiopian Airlines Group (ETG) has secured the crash site, an international onestage architectural design competition was announced in order to commemorate those who lost their lives in the accident. Following this competition, the design by Alebel Desta Consulting Architects and Engineers was announced to be the winning entry on February 12, 2022.
The crash site is noteworthy in and of itself because it is also where the deceased is laid to rest. It can be viewed as the storyboard of all 157 people from around the world. The concept is to tell the tale of the victims who are buried beneath the earth's surface by revealing the scenery around the main crash site in relation to the site's character, narrating the flight's occurrence via the trail that leads to the crash site, and blending in with the existing farmland. The project honors two major pre-existing site elements: the burial area and the crash site, while also providing a landscape-integrated memorial space. The four-hectare design includes a memorial space, burial site, outdoor amphitheater, memorial planting area, water features, sculptures, and related facilities, as well as green lawns and sitting spots. The burial site was kept sacred by planting different species of trees around it and creating a minimal circulation onto it. It was then connected to the healing space where victim families could begin the journey of healing by giving more flexibility in one’s grief and also allowing to personalize the process so that one can always feel connected. The impact site was utilized as a central node to connect all of the site's components, with ripples radiating outwards to depict the impact the incident had on individuals who had lost loved ones.
The Design The design provides the proper architectural solution by contemplating in a way that the victim families can address the loss and absence that has happened to them whenever they want to. It also helps visitors understand the scenario before the plane crash happened through paths and spaces. The memorial park provides a peaceful environment that aids in the healing and alleviation of grieves for the victims' loved ones by fostering a harmonious interaction with the nearby surroundings.
Visitor’s space + Remembrance + Memorial The Park
The Reveal The crash site was a key story point that was revealed through landscape alteration, and this landscape manipulation was then leveraged to produce the desired visitor experience. Four of the landscape features utilized to tell the crash site's story were used to represent the victims' four continents, with heights varying hierarchically to show the number of victims per continent. Absence was represented by intrusions on the inclined surfaces of the exposing elements, with intimate raised cubicle spaces serving as a place of meditation for the victim's family. Memorial commemorating corners, names of the victims carved on walls and on the center granite, candle lighting areas, and viewing platforms are all located in the central core. The Access The primary access connecting the crash site to the southwest foremost entry was designed in a way to maintain the sacred nature of the burial site while also allowing visitors to easily access different parts of the site. This major access was a line that represented ET Flight-302's six-minute storyline from takeoff to crash. The story was broken down into sections that
Visitor’s space + Remembrance
were depicted on the main access via path design with surface alterations, guided movement, and element integration. This path was transformed into spaces, sitting areas, ramps, and falls as part of the six-minute crash experience. The secondary access to the crash site from the North West entrance was purposefully designed to suggest a story shift after the crash. The connection between the existing burial site and the designed healing space represented this shift in the story. The project considers the community by allowing the site to be used for a variety of purposes, including community gatherings, reading spaces, a playground for the community's children, and the provision of various visitor services. Overall, the material, finishes, proportion, ornamentation, simplicity, and symbolism, as well as the inscription, played a significant role in the memorial's design.
Amphitheater space + Community Gathering + Outdoor Reading
05 Masonry
04 Formwork
03 Rebar
02 Cement
01 Earthwork
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45
12/pcs 15.50/pcs 17/pcs
1300/pc 1100/pcs 110/pcs 200/pcs
40x20x18cm 40x20x24cm
RIBBED RIBBED
16/pcs 18/pcs
24x12x6cm 24x12x6cm
Brick Normal Brick-SOLID
11/pcs 13/pcs
350/pcs 400/pcs 150/kg 150/kg
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RHS RHS RHS RHS RHS RHS RHS RHS RHS RHS
92/m 146/m 225/m 250/m 320/m 370/m 590/m 470/m 766/m 855/m
706/bar 820/bar 884/bar 2182/bar 248/bar 1661/bar 1808/bar 994/bar 1999/bar 518/bar
20x20x1.5mm 30x30x2mm 30x30x3mm 40x40x2mm 50x50x2mm 50x50x3mm 60x60x2mm 60x60x3mm 80x80x3mm 100x100x3mm
SHS SHS SHS SHS SHS SHS SHS SHS SHS SHS
115/m 255/m 340/m 300/m 410/m 540/m 470/m 710/m 750/m 990/m
940/bar 818/bar 316/bar 318/bar 1460/bar 1269/bar 1237/bar 440/bar 293/bar 985/bar
Ø18x1mm Ø20x1mm Ø20x1.5mm Ø22x1.5mm Ø28x1.5mm Ø30x1.5mm Ø38x2mm Ø38x3mm Ø50x1.5mm Ø100x2mm
CHS CHS CHS CHS CHS CHS CHS CHS CHS CHS
90/m 110/m 120/m 122/m 230/m 240/m 267/m 325/m 247/m 520/m
500/m2 460/m2 700/m2 500/m2 900/m2 640m2 1200/m2 720m2 1300/m2 2950/m2
Yellow Plywood 18mm Normal Plywood 18mm Euclyptus Ø60mm/4m Euclyptus Ø100mm+/8m CIS - Corrugated Iron Sheet G-35 - Akaki G-35 - KOSPI Nail 60mm - 12mm Concrete Nail L - Profile T - Profile Z - Profile Corner 90 Ferma 155-Midrail 155-Kickplate T-Compensation Structural - T Inverter
Deformed Bar
HCB HCB HCB
Formwork/Scaffold
40x20x10cm 40x20x15cm 40x20x20cm
Imported Ø6mm Imported Ø8mm Imported Ø10mm Imported Ø12mm Imported Ø14mm Imported Ø16mm Imported Ø20mm Imported Ø24mm Imported Ø30mm Imported Ø32mm
Aluminum
110/kg 102/kg 103/kg 102/kg 103/kg 102/kg 102/kg 102/kg 97/kg 93/kg
Slide Frame Slide Shatter Slide Cup 40*20*1mm - RHS End - Mullion Center Mullion Transome Pressure Plate Cup H
3mm 3mm 4mm 4mm 5mm 5mm 6mm 6mm 3+3mm 10mm
Clear Frosted Clear Frosted Clear Frosted Clear Frosted Laminated Tempered
Glass
Cement Masonry Steel Profiles 46
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Super Emulsion Perfex Acrylic Emulsion Weather Guard - Clear Tuff Floor Emulsion Textured Paints (Quartz)
1330/25kg Textura Sparol 2385/4kg Epoxy Primer 800/kg Epoxy Primer Hardener 3500/4kg Epoxy Top Coat 1650/2kg Epoxy Top Coat Hardener 3300/3kg Epoxy Clear Top Coat 1650/kg Epoxy Clear Top Coat Hardner 2400/3kg Epoxy Wall Paint 800/kg Epoxy Wall Paint Hardner 600/kg Epoxy Solid Color Paste
Super Fine 0 - 0.5mm Travertine 0 - 0.2mm
Electrical
Quartz Super White
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Wires 1*1.5 1*2.5 1*4 Cables 2*1.5 2*2.5 3*4 TV Data Switches One-way Two-way
1050/25kg 1050/25kg 1200/25kg 1200/25kg 1250/25kg 873/100m 1448/100m 2144/100m 2576/100m 4042/100m 8434/100m 1100/100m 1508/100m 75/pcs 300/pcs
Sockets Ø65 6x10 TV Ø65 6x10 Data Ø65 6x10 Distribution x 4 SDB x 6breaker SDB x 8breaker SDB x 12breaker SDB
90/pcs 250/pcs 106/pcs 382/pcs 333/pcs 470/pcs 120/pcs 150/pcs 230/pcs 280/pcs
Breakers (1Ph) 6Amp 10Amp 16Amp 25Amp Breakers (3Ph) 6Amp 10Amp 16Amp 25Amp Conduits FØ16mm RØ16mm RØ19mm
230/pcs 196/pcs 196/pcs 196/pcs 552/pcs 518/pcs 518/pcs 518/pcs 10/pcs 25/pcs 25/pcs
150/pcs 200/pcs 250/pcs 270/pcs 102/pcs 370/pcs 600/pcs 1150/pcs 1800/pcs 100/pcs
PPRØ15 PPRØ20 PPRØ25 PPRØ32 PVCØ50 PVCØ75 PVCØ110 PVCØ160 PVCØ200 PVCØ50
4m Pipe
6m Pipe
Sanitary
Graffiti 1.8-2.5mm Fine 0 - 1mm
340/gln 660/gln 850/gln 5200/25kg
300/ml 300/ml 300/ml 300/ml 275/ml 35/ml 300/ml 300/pcs 300/pcs 300/pcs
Finishing
Granite Counter Top Riser Thread Sill Skirting Ceramic PVC Wood Dry Board Gypsum Magnesium Cement
Elbow-90°
198/m HDPEØ20 Roll 205/m HDPEØ25 210/m HDPEØ32 75/pcs HDPEØ20 Elbow 120/pcs HDPEØ25 Elbow 150/pcs HDPEØ32 Elbow 500/pcs GalvanizedØ15 700/pcs GalvanizedØ20 1150/pcs GalvanizedØ25 2200/pcs GalvanizedØ50 (4m) (Australia) Timber 300/pcs 5x4cm 640/pcs 5x7cm 700/pcs 5x10cm 2100/pcs 5x30cm (122x244) MDF 600/pcs 6mm 650/pcs 8mm 700/pcs 10mm 830/pcs 12mm 950/pcs 18mm
Carpentry
Finishing Paint - Abay Esdee
Porcelain Tile 30x30 450/m2 30x60 750/m2 60x60 750/m2 Parquet Bamboo 1400/m2 HDF 700/m2 PVC Tile 30x30 350/m2 Roll Marble White 300/ml Harar 300/ml Sill 300/ml
materials materials
#ሑለት እርምጃ
#ሑለት እርምጃ
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Founded by professionals who were convinced that the profession and industry deserved better; Ketema aspires to create one of the most compelling architectural publications in Ethiopia and the continent. The construction industry suffers from a clutter of information which merely focuses on stories and projects with little or no significant impact on the practice of the professionals & livelihood of citizens filled with political rhetoric disguised as a means to manipulate the public’s opinion. From a professional point of view, we believe we are in desperate need for a genuine content which has the power to inspire about change, presented with quality and due reverence for the profession. Our magazine reveals ever present yet undiscovered ideas and projects to the industry / professional with exclusive news, product and supplier information bi-monthly.
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