CONNECTED
B2
INTERMEDIATE
CONNECTED STUDENT BOOK
STUDENT BOOK
CONNECTED STUDENT BOOK
CONNECTED is a six-level General English course taking young adult students from Beginner to Advanced levels (CEF: A1 to C1). The series contains engaging exercises presented in everyday contexts relevant to students’ own lives, motivating them to practice and retain new language. Each level contains 20 units which practice the four skills (listening, reading, speaking and writing) in addition to grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation.
Beginner
A1
Elementary
A2
Pre-Intermediate
B1
Intermediate
B2
Upper-Intermediate
B2+
Advanced
C1
B2 INTERMEDIATE
The series features: • Broad themes to interest learners • Clean, colorful design for easy navigation • Personalized contexts to help consolidate understanding • Clear unit structure moving from key language points through receptive skills to productive skills
B2
INTERMEDIATE
Christopher Sol Cruz 27438_CONN_SB_B2_INT_CVR.indd 1
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CONNECTED STUDENT BOOK
B2
INTERMEDIATE Christopher Sol Cruz
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Knowledge Transmission Ltd Future Business Centre, Kings Hedges Rd, Cambridge, CB4 2HY, UK www.KnowledgeTransmission.com Š Knowledge Transmission Ltd 2015 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Knowledge Transmission Ltd. First published 2015 ISBN: 978-0-9933274-3-8 Knowledge Transmission Ltd has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.
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Introduction About this course This 600-hour course is aimed at students of General English at all stages of proficiency, and takes students all the way from Beginner to Advanced level. It is divided into six levels corresponding to the levels of The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR): Beginner (A1), Elementary (A2), PreIntermediate (B1), Intermediate (B2), Upper-Intermediate (B2+), and Advanced (C1). The course design takes an integrated-skills approach. Each level of the course is divided into separate units, each of which covers all four skills (listening, reading, speaking, and writing), as well as grammar and vocabulary. This integration of the four skills with language functions reflects real-life communication, and so prepares students to use English in the real world. Each unit has a broad, engaging theme, which motivates students by providing them with interesting topics about which to communicate purposefully. The acquisition of the language being presented allows students to engage with the themes in meaningful receptive and productive activities. All units contain elements of personalization, which is provided through production activities that encourage students to apply the language they have learned to their own personal contexts. This makes language relevant to students’ own lives, and serves to motivate and engage them further.
Unit structure Each unit includes • a vocabulary section that presents and practices the words and expressions needed for the unit • a dialogue that shows and tests the vocabulary in use and presents a grammar point in context • a pronunciation section that focuses on a key aspect of English pronunciation featured in the dialogue • a grammar explanation, followed by graded practice activities, that deals with the grammar point in detail • reading and listening activities that expand on the unit’s theme, practicing the grammar and vocabulary • speaking and writing activities that encourage personalization of the unit’s theme and give freer production of the language.
About the author Christopher Sol Cruz has been involved in the field of English language instruction and materials writing since 1988. He is the co-author of the Pearson primary EFL series Big English, and has written and developed numerous English learning materials for a variety of age groups in Latin America, Asia, the Middle East, and the US. In addition to writing, Sol Cruz has given academic presentations and run teacher professional development workshops around the world, and is an avid language learner. Introduction
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Contents Introduction 3 Unit
1
Unit
2
Unit
3
Unit
4
Unit
5
Unit
6
Unit
7
Unit
8
Unit
9
Unit
10
4
Topic
Vocabulary Embarrassing moments mistake a person for someone else, phone rings in a quiet place, set off an alarm accidentally Grammar Simple present and present continuous review Simple past and past continuous review I take a break every two hours. I was walking home when suddenly a dog ran up. I’m taking my break now. He called while we were studying. Topic Vocabulary My bright future Future aspirations wealthy, successful, healthy send my kids to a good university, own a vacation home near the beach Grammar Future forms review We’re having pasta for dinner tonight. Someday I’ll be a famous writer. This weekend we’re going to take a painting class. Topic Vocabulary Great human achievements Great inventor, invention, a cure for achievements Grammar Passive in the present and past tenses New things are invented every day. It was designed by John Roebling. Topic Vocabulary Chores Excuses make the bed, prepare dinner, put away dishes Grammar Present perfect review Present perfect passive I’ve cleaned the apartment. The car has been washed. I haven’t cleaned the apartment yet. The meeting hasn’t been scheduled yet. Topic Vocabulary Time-consuming tasks Frustrations working on a report, downloading a file, waiting on hold Grammar Present perfect continuous She’s been working on her report all day. Topic Vocabulary Situations that can cause regrets No regrets He should have brought an extra charger for his phone. She could have gotten lost on her way here. Grammar Past modals for speculating: could have, might have, may have Past modals for expressing regrets: could have, should have She could have woken up late. I should have brought your business cards to the meeting. Topic Vocabulary Plans and special occasions Something attend a graduation party, make reservations, win the competition came up Grammar Past perfect I wasn’t hungry because I had eaten a late lunch. Topic Vocabulary Defining details/information Which one do I bought the phone that comes with a free case. you mean? Grammar Defining relative clauses with subject pronouns: who, which, that The documentary that was on TV last night was about whales. Topic Vocabulary Memories Do you elementary school, propose, senior year of college remember? Grammar Defining relative clauses with object pronouns: who, that, where That’s the hospital where my mother was born. I remember the night that he proposed. Topic Vocabulary Environmental and conservation issues A changing animals are endangered, climate is changing world Grammar Non-defining relative clauses with which and who Adverbial clauses of cause with because, so, and since Chimpanzees, which live in the forests of Africa, Because oil production is going down, oil prices are going up. are becoming endangered.
Memorable moments
Connected
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Dialogue A young woman tells her friend an interesting anecdote Reading A happy accident
Pronunciation Word stress for important details
Dialogue Two co-workers chat about what brings life happiness Reading Which degree is right for you?
Pronunciation Vowel reduction
Dialogue Two friends discuss who invented the telephone Reading Beautiful Barcelona Dialogue A brother and sister give excuses to not do chores Reading Excuses, excuses…
Listening Three people discuss embarrassing experiences
Listening Four people talk about their favorite monument Pronunciation Reduction of /h/ in haven’t/hasn’t
Speaking Talking about your favorite monument or work of art
Listening Four people talk about things they haven’t done and the consequences
Speaking Making excuses for something that hasn’t been done
Dialogue Two friends are discussing what one of them should or should not have done Reading Better late than never
Pronunciation Reduction of have in past modals
Dialogue Two siblings look at an old photo that brings back memories Reading Waiting for love? Dialogue Two friends argue and tease each other about climate change Reading Enough energy for everyone
Listening Four people describe their frustrations
Writing Writing about an embarrassing or funny moment Page 18
Speaking Talking about future goals and plans
Pronunciation Intonation of surprise
Dialogue Two people chat and ask each other clarifying questions Reading Tricks to save money
Speaking Discussing embarrassing moments
Listening Three people talk about the careers they want and why Pronunciation Auxiliary verb reduction
Dialogue Two classmates talk about why one of them is late Reading Overcoming problems
Dialogue A man tells a friend how nothing he had planned for his weekend happened Reading Be flexible
Page 8
Writing Writing about what your city will be like in the future Page 28 Writing Writing about an invention and summarizing how it works Page 37 Writing Writing about breaking a promise and making excuses Page 46
Speaking Talking about something you’ve been trying to do
Writing Writing about what you’ve been doing to practice speaking English Page 54
Listening Speaking Four people talk about something they have Talking about something you just done and express regrets wish you had not done Pronunciation Reduction of had in the past perfect
Writing Writing about something you wish you had done differently in your life Page 64
Listening Four people talk about instances when plans had to change Pronunciation Reduction of /t/
Speaking Writing Talking about a time when you Writing about a time when you had had to change your plans to change someone else’s plans
Listening Four people talk about recent purchases and give defining details and information Pronunciation Stressing content words
Speaking Describing something you bought
Listening Four people talk about their cherished memories of places, events, etc. Pronunciation Pauses in defining relative clauses
Speaking Writing Talking about a place, an event, Writing about a special childhood etc. that is special to you place
Listening Four young people talk about environmental issues
Speaking Talking about an environmental issue
Page 74 Writing Writing a comparison of two items Page 83
Page 92 Writing Writing about your city’s conservation efforts
Contents
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Unit
11 Unit
12 Unit
13 Unit
14
Topic
My path
Topic
Out of character
Topic
Part of the team
Topic
I would’ve done things differently
Vocabulary Life events got an internship at a publishing firm, grew up in a rural area Grammar Adverbial clauses of time: after, before, when, since, while, whenever Since I was a kid, I’ve always liked to see how things work. Whenever I got a new toy, I always opened it up to see how it worked. Vocabulary Things people are often afraid to try act in a play, run a marathon, give a speech Grammar Adverbial clauses of contrast: although, even though, though, while Although I was never trained as a chef, I have always loved cooking. Vocabulary Fundraising conduct a fundraiser, rent a large meeting space, organize volunteers Grammar Review of zero, first, and second conditionals If we don’t raise enough money, we won’t be able to go on our annual trip. It’s OK if everyone isn’t here at 4:00pm. Vocabulary Negative feelings and difficult situations upset, angry, hungry Grammar Third conditional If I had been on time, they wouldn’t have gotten upset.
Unit
15
Topic
Vocabulary
Business trips He said he would meet us leave on a business trip, have a conference call, take some clients out to dinner Grammar here Review of direct speech He said, “Take some clients out to dinner.” Vocabulary
Unit
Topic
16
Travel-related activities Do you know how much this buy tickets online, change money, have a layover Grammar is?
Unit
17 Unit
18 Unit
19 Unit
20
Reported speech She said she wasn’t going to attend the meeting.
Embedded questions and statements Could you tell me what time the train departs? I can’t remember why she called. Topic Vocabulary Listen carefully Describing qualities careful, intelligent, serious Grammar Adverbs of manner Comparative and superlative adverbs She is a careful driver. I drive more carefully than my husband. She drives carefully. At work, Susan works the most efficiently of all. Topic Vocabulary Getting things Errands get my hair done, have my shoes repaired, have the oil changed done Grammar Causative get and have I get my nails done every two weeks. He needs to have his hair cut. Topic Vocabulary Common activities What will you waiting for a delivery at home, babysitting my brother’s kids, cleaning out my closets be doing? Grammar Future continuous This Saturday night, I’ll be cleaning out my closets. Will you be taking English lessons next semester? Topic Vocabulary By the time I’m Future aspirations learned to speak English fluently, saved enough money to retire 70… Grammar Future perfect By the time I’m 70, I will have retired and moved to Florida. Will you have finished your report by next Monday?
Answer key 194 Acknowledgements 204
6
Connected
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Dialogue One person talks to someone who got a new job Reading Follow your passion
Pronunciation Final /əl/
Page 102
Listening Speaking Four people talk about their journey to their Discussing your background current career Dialogue Pronunciation Two people talk about being adventurous Different ways to pronounce -ough Reading What are you afraid of?
Writing Writing about a life event of a friend or family member Page 111
Listening Four people talk about a fear they conquered and how they did it Pronunciation Changing syllable stress in different parts of speech Listening Four people talk about fundraising or charity events they are organizing Pronunciation Reduction of would have and wouldn’t have
Speaking Writing Talking about a time when you Writing about your biggest fear took a risk
Listening
Speaking
Writing
Talking about a situation in which you would have done something differently
Writing about a situation where someone’s words or actions affected you
Dialogue An executive talks to her assistant about her business trip Reading Where are my keys?
Four people describe situations they wish they had handled differently or that they regret Pronunciation Different word prominence carrying different meanings Listening Four people talk about plans they’ve made
Dialogue
Pronunciation
Page
A man talks to a concierge about travel arrangements Reading To tip or not to tip
y-glide between syllables or words
148
Dialogue Three friends discuss a fundraising event they are organizing Reading Crowdfunding Dialogue An employee tells a colleague about things he wishes he’d handled differently Reading How relaxing!
Dialogue Three people discuss a problem that needs to be resolved Reading Solving problems Dialogue Two people talk about their busy day running errands Reading I can do it later Dialogue Two friends talk about what they plan to do the next day Reading How polite are you? Dialogue Two friends talk about their future aspirations Reading Amazing profiles
Page 120 Speaking Talking about organizing an event
Writing Imagining you are responsible for organizing a large event Page 129
Page 138 Speaking Talking about things you told four or five people yesterday
Listening Four people ask questions about an upcoming trip Pronunciation Silent /l/
Speaking Asking embedded questions centered around travel plans
Listening Four people talk about how they resolved a problem
Speaking Talking about how you resolved a conflict
Writing Reporting what a friend told you about an entertainment event
Writing Writing an email asking questions to plan for a trip Page 157 Writing Writing about something you want to improve about yourself
Pronunciation Stress in causative verb phrases
Page 167
Listening Four people talk about what they need to get done Pronunciation Intonation to express displeasure
Speaking Talking about things you need to get done this week
Listening Four people talk about something they will be doing very soon Pronunciation Words with a glottal stop: /ʔ/
Speaking Talking about something you have to do soon
Listening Four people talk about what they plan to have accomplished by certain points in their lives
Speaking Talking about what you will have done by a few specific points in your life
Writing Writing about errands you did in the past week Page 176 Writing Writing about what you will be doing at specific times in the future Page 185 Writing Writing about what you will have done by this time next year
Contents
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4
Excuses
Unit Goals In this unit, you will practice the following: Vocabulary Phrases about chores Dialogue A brother and sister give excuses for not doing their chores Pronunciation Reduction of /h/ in haven’t / hasn’t Grammar Review of present perfect tense Present perfect passive Reading Excuses, excuses… Listening Four people talk about things they haven’t done and the consequences Speaking Making excuses for something that hasn’t been done Writing Writing about breaking a promise and making excuses Excuses
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4.1 Vocabulary 1 Audio 20
Read and listen to the phrases.
clean out the refrigerator dust the furniture fold laundry make the bed mow the lawn pick up dry cleaning prepare dinner put away dishes straighten up the living room wash the car
Vocabulary 2 Look at the pictures. Choose the correct word(s) to complete each sentence. 1
2
1 Our dry cleaning hasn’t been [picked up / mowed / prepared / cleaned out] yet. 2 This furniture looks old, but it has been [made / folded / dusted / cleaned out] today. 3 This car hasn’t been [washed / straightened up / prepared / made] in a long time.
3
4
4 The living room has been [put away / made / straightened up / folded] because our parents are going to visit us soon. 5 Has dinner been [prepared / folded / cleaned / washed] already? If not, let’s go out to eat!
5
6
6 The dishes haven’t been [put away / made / prepared / cleaned out] because we were busy talking. 7 Big surprise! My brother’s bed hasn’t been [cleaned out / folded / mowed / made].
7
8
8 Don’t worry. The refrigerator has already been [prepared / folded / dusted / cleaned out], so you don’t have to do it. 9 The lawn has been [straightened up / mowed / cleaned / put away], so your son can study outside.
9
38
10
10 Help! The laundry hasn’t been [dusted / folded / made / cleaned out] yet, and my mother is at the door.
Connected
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4 Vocabulary 3 Audio 21
Listen. Then practice saying these sentences.
1 Our dry cleaning hasn’t been picked up yet. 2 This furniture looks old, but it has been dusted today. 3 This car hasn’t been washed in a long time. 4 The living room has been straightened up because our parents are going to visit us soon. 5 Has dinner been prepared already? If not, let’s go out to eat! 6 The dishes haven’t been put away because we were busy talking. 7 Big surprise! My brother’s bed hasn’t been made. 8 Don’t worry. The refrigerator has already been cleaned out, so you don’t have to do it. 9 The lawn has been mowed, so your son can study outside. 10 Help! The laundry hasn’t been folded yet, and my mother is at the door.
4.2 Dialogue 1 Audio 22
Read and listen to the dialogue.
Ricardo and Laura’s mother has returned home after a busy day at work. Mother Ricardo Mother Laura Mother Ricardo Mother Laura Mother Ricardo Mother Laura Mother Ricardo
Ricardo, Laura. You haven’t done your chores! We’ve been really busy. The living room hasn’t been straightened up. Not yet. Ricardo and I had to play my new video game. What? Laura had to write a report on the video game for class. The laundry hasn’t been washed or folded. I had to mow the lawn before I did the laundry. But Laura, the lawn hasn’t been mowed. She had to wash the car with me first. But the car hasn’t been washed. And your beds haven’t even been made! We were tired. We had to take a nap. Tired? A nap? Yes, thinking about all those chores was a lot of work!
Excuses
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Dialogue 2 Choose the correct answers. 1 The living room has been straightened up. a Yes b No 2 Laura had to write a report on a video game. a Yes b No 3 The car has been washed. a Yes b No 4 Only Ricardo had to take a nap. a Yes b No
Dialogue 3 Practice reading the dialogue aloud with a partner.
4.3 Pronunciation Reduction of /h/ in haven’t/hasn’t Audio 23
Listen. Then practice saying the sentences.
I haven’t eaten yet. We haven’t prepared dinner yet. They haven’t cleaned the bathroom yet. He hasn’t made the bed yet. She hasn’t washed the car yet. It hasn’t started to rain yet.
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4 4.4 Grammar 1 Review of present perfect Audio 24
Read and listen to the grammar presentation.
I’ve cleaned the apartment. / I haven’t cleaned the apartment yet. You’ve eaten already. / You haven’t eaten yet. He’s put away the dishes. / He hasn’t put away the dishes yet. We’ve made the bed already. / We haven’t made the bed yet. They’ve already dusted the furniture. / They haven’t dusted the furniture. Have you cleaned the apartment yet? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. Has he put away the dishes? Yes, he has. / No, he hasn’t. Contractions I have ➡ I’ve / I have not ➡ I haven’t He has ➡ He’s / He has not ➡ He hasn’t
Tip
already and yet We use already to say that something happened sooner than expected. We use yet in questions or negative statements to talk about things that we expected to happen before now.
Grammar 2 Write the present perfect form of the verbs in parenthesis. 1 Hana
dinner already. (prepare)
2 Young
the bathroom yet. (clean)
3 Tom and Allen 4 Susana and I 5 6 I
their beds already. (make) lunch yet. (eat)
you
up the living room yet? (straighten)
the car already. (wash)
Excuses
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Grammar 3 Present perfect passive Audio 25
Read and listen to the grammar presentation.
The car has been washed. The dinner has been prepared. The meeting hasn’t been scheduled yet. The children have been picked up from school. The dishes haven’t been put away yet. Has the car been washed? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t. Have the children been picked up from school? Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t. The present perfect passive is useful when describing something that was done in the past without a lot of information about who did it, when, how, why, etc.
Tip
Grammar 4 Rewrite the sentences in the passive form. 1 I have put away the dishes. 2 He hasn’t washed the car yet. 3 She has mowed the lawn already. 4 We haven’t picked up the dry cleaning. 5 I’ve folded the laundry already. 6 Have you prepared dinner yet?
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4 Grammar 5 Use the present perfect or the present perfect passive form of the verbs in the box to complete the dialogue. not do not make not wash not mow Mother Ricardo Mother Laura Mother Ricardo Mother Laura Mother Ricardo Mother Laura Mother Ricardo
Ricardo, Laura. You 1 your chores! We’ve been really busy. The living room hasn’t been straightened up. Not yet. Ricardo and I had to play my new videogame. What? Laura had to write a report on the video game for class. The laundry hasn’t been washed or folded. I had to mow the lawn before I did the laundry. . But Laura, the lawn 2 She had to wash the car with me first. . And your beds 4 even 5 But the car 3 We were tired. We had to take a nap. Tired? A nap? Yes, thinking about all those chores was a lot of work!
!
4.5 Reading Read the article. Then read the sentences on the next page. Choose ‘True’ or ‘False’.
Excuses, excuses… Students always find excuses to avoid homework. These teachers have seen some really strange excuses. Here are some of the most interesting excuses they’ve heard. Sometimes, there is a whole list of excuse s. A high school girls ’ basketball team co uldn’t do their homewor k because their bus broke down. They were stranded all night on the side of the road with no light.
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dent claimed that her One elementary school stu by a fish. The little girl homework had been eaten parents, and she took the was on vacation with her to read on a boat. The book she was supposed fell into the water. When boat hit a bump. Her book it, the book was gone. they turned around to find
A college professor got the same excuse every week for a month from one student. Every week, this student said that he had been robbed. The student was being tricked by his roommates. Later, they told the professor what happened and gave him all of the homework they stole.
t stories One of the stranges A involves an animal. royed dissertation was dest PhD by a kangaroo. The in a student was working stralia, Au wildlife preserve in cked and the kangaroo ki op pt her laptop. The la to was ruined. She had start over. Excuses
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1 Students of all ages have excuses for not doing homework.
True / False
2 A dog ate the little girl’s homework.
True / False
3 The basketball team was stranded in the parking lot.
True / False
4 The student was being robbed by his roommates.
True / False
5 The dissertation was destroyed by a kangaroo.
True / False
4.6 Listening Audio 26
Listen. Write the sentences and phrases in the correct places.
The laundry hasn’t been done. The phone bill hasn’t been paid. The dishes haven’t been washed. The flight has been canceled. forgot to call the airline to check her flight’s schedule has been working a double shift at the restaurant all week forgot to set the alarm clock last night has been studying all afternoon 1
2
1 Fatima
2 Liam
3 Lucia 4
3
4 Tyrone
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4 4.7 Speaking Talk about something that you needed to do today that hasn’t been done. Practice asking and answering the questions with a partner. What haven’t you done today? What is your excuse for not doing it yet? Here are some suggestions: • My bed hasn’t been made. • My homework hasn’t been done. • My assignment hasn’t been completed. • The meeting has been postponed/canceled. • The car hasn’t been serviced.
4.8 Writing Write about a time you had to break a promise or weren’t able to get something done. What excuse(s) did you use? Follow the example. Then show your writing to a partner or your teacher for feedback. I promised my nephew I would bake cupcakes for him. I was trying to find time to go to the store and buy the ingredients. I was so tired after work. So instead, I bought him a cupcake from a bakery. I told him that the bakery cupcake would taste much better than mine.
Excuses
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Unit 4 4.1 Vocabulary 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
picked up dusted washed straightened up prepared put away made cleaned out mowed folded
Vocabulary 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
b a c b a c c a b a b
4.2 Dialogue 2 1 No 2 Yes 3 No 4 No
4.4 Grammar 2 1 2 3 4 5 6
has prepared hasn’t cleaned have made haven’t eaten Have, straightened have washed
Grammar 4 1 The dishes have been put away. 2 The car hasn’t been washed yet. 3 The lawn has been mowed already. / The lawn has already been mowed. 4 The dry cleaning hasn’t been picked up. 5 The laundry has been folded already. / The laundry has already been folded. 6 Has dinner been prepared yet?
Grammar 5 1 2 3 4 5
haven’t done hasn’t been mowed hasn’t been washed haven’t been made
4.5 Reading 1 2 3 4 5
True False False True True
4.6 Listening 1 Fatima: The laundry hasn’t been done; has been studying all afternoon 2 Liam: The phone bill hasn’t been paid; has been working a double shift at the restaurant all week 3 Lucia: The flight has been canceled; forgot to call the airline to check her flight’s schedule 4 Tyrone: The dishes haven’t been washed; forgot to set the alarm clock last night
Answer key
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Acknowledgements The publishers wish to thank the following for permission to reproduce images. Every effort has been made to trace copyright holders and to obtain their permission for the use of copyright materials. The publishers will gladly receive any information enabling them to rectify any error or omission at the first opportunity. Cover Getty Images / Paul Bradbury All images are from Shutterstock.com unless otherwise stated: U1 p 8 Tom Wang, p 9 Rob Hyrons, szefei, Rommel Canlas, Fotovika, p 10 Konstantin Sutyagin, Brian A Jackson, Blaj Gabriel, auremar, David Gilder, Shebeko, Blend Images p 11 wavebreakmedia, p 12 Gemenacom, p 16 bikeriderlondon, p 17 Bevan Goldswain, Ioannis Pantzi, ArtFamily U2 p 18 VGstockstudio, p 19 Stuart Jenner, Adisa, momente, Massel_Marina, p 20 Blend Images, mangostock, ronstik, kazoka, racorn, ZouZou, p 21 Tyler Olson, wavebreakmedia, Adriano Castelli, arek_malang, Andresr, Maridav, OlegD, szefei, wavebreakmedia, p 26 Charlotte Purdy, Iakov Filimonov, p 27 tulpahn, michaeljung, Elena Elisseeva U3 p 28 Shots Studio, p 29 gallofoto, RuthChoi, gyn9037, Collin J. Loveless, Fenton one, dvoevnore, Davydenko Yuliia, p 30 Kamira, Patricia Hofmeester, Iakov Filimonov, Lefteris Papaulakis, cozyta, Shane Gross, PerseoMedusa, Yurchyks, p 31 Rawpixel, p 34 ponsulak, p 35 Ivan Abramkin, p 36 Juan G. Aunion, Pete Saloutos, benik.at U4 p 37 photographee.eu, p 38 bikeriderlondon, riekephotos, Vibrant Image Studio, wheatley, Africa Studio, Africa Studio, Margie Hurwich, Maya Kruchankova, luckypic, trekandshoot, p 40 View Apart, p 43 gorillaimages, p 44 Monkey Business Images, Ralf Maassen (DTEurope), Elnur, bikeriderlondon U5 p 46 Shots Studio, p 47 bikeriderlondon, CREATISTA, wavebreakmedia, Tyler Olson, Andy Dean Photography, p 48 stevehullphotography, Nixx Photography, racorn, Lindsay Dean, Kzenon, p 50 bikeriderlondon, p 52 XiXinXing, p 53 Jason Stitt, Junial Enterprises, Alliance, Borja Andreu U6 p 54 Aaron Amat, p 55 Eldad Carin, Denys Prykhodov, Kartinkin77, wongwean, Iakov Filimonov, p 56 Juanan Barros Moreno, el lobo, East, Rido, Andrey_Popov, p 58 Celig, p 61 razihusin, p 62 George Allen Penton, Olena Zaskochenko, Khakimullin Aleksandr, ESphotography U7 p 64 michaeljung, p 65 bikeriderlondon, Nicemonkey, stockyimages, SERGEI PRIMAKOV, iofoto, p 66 CGissemann, Tupungato, karamysh, Maxisport, iofoto, p 67 vsl, p 70 blurAZ, p 71 Jill Chen, p 72 bikeriderlondon, PT Images, PathDoc, William Perugini U8 p 74 gpointstudio, p 75 Ugorenkov Aleksandr, Steven Leon Day, Marko Poplasen, gualtiero boffi, PathDoc, p 76 antpkr, CREATISTA, Shane Gross, Riccardo Piccinini, Monkey Business Images, p 78 VannPhotography, p 79 VannPhotography, p 80 I. Pilon, p 81 Feel Photo Art, Ljupco Smokovski, Photobac, auremar U9 p 83 Suzanne Tucker, p 84 Bildagentur Zoonar GmbH, zulufoto, Monkey Business Images, auremar, Pete Spiro, p 85 szefei, alexvav, Nejron Photo, edella, Dustie, p 88 Radharani, p 89 Ruslan Guzov, p 90 Elena Ray,
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racorn, Iakov Filimonov, magicinfoto U10 p 92 wandee007, p 93 Blanscape, davemhuntphotography, Robert Lucian Crusitu, Mark Schwettmann, Barnaby Chambers, p 94 elwynn, Richard Whitcombe, FloridaStock, TAGSTOCK1, mjaud, p 99 Alison Hancock, Smileus C Fields, Tusumaru, p 100 Doin Oakenhelm, Goodluz, l i g h t p o e t, Damir Huskic, U11 p 102 g-stockstudio, p 103 Thanapun, Jorge Salcedo, viki2win, Jon Bilous, Adam Gregor, p 104 holbox, Dhoxax, YanLev, Goodluz, wavebreakmedia, p 106 Konstantin Sutyagin, p 108 ProStockStudio, p 109 Corepics VOF, Paul Vasarhelyi, Minerva Studio, Creativa Images U12 p 111 2happy, p 112 T-Design, ID1974, Andrey_Popov, Photobac, Khakimullin Aleksandr, p 113 Tyler Olson, homydesign, Kzenon, bikeriderlondon, Jasminko Ibrakovic, p 116 Away, p 117 grafvision, DmitriMaruta, p 118 Felix Mizioznikov, lsantilli, Vladimir Gjorgiev, Halfpoint U13 p 120 wavebreakmedia, p 121 littleny, criben, michaeljung, wongwk, Andrey_Popov, p 122 Eric Limon, Quka, hxdbzxy, claudio zaccherini, Anton Violin, p 124 Pressmaster, p 126 joshya, p 127 Vgstockstudio, wavebreakmedia, Robert Kneschke, George Dolgikh, Stacey Newman, StockLite U14 p 129 Piotr Marcinski, p 130 Photosebia, Leszek Glasner, vichie81, ArtFamily, Anton Gvozdikov, p 131 Sabphoto, igor. stevanovic, Bevan Goldswain, Annette Shaff, Stokkete, p 134 Brian A Jackson, p 135 Ditty_about_summer, p 136 Peter Bernik, Image Point Fr, Dmitry Kalinovsky, Catalin Petolea U15 p 138 Lewis Tse Pui Lung, p 139 Goodluz, toocanimages, Max Lindenthaler, RTimages, LuckyImages, p 140 Keith Gentry, bibiphoto, Vivi-o, Tyler Olson, angelo gilardelli, p 144 lantapix, p 145 Syda Productions, p 146 wavebreakmedia, Goran Bogicevic, michaeljung, Monkey Business Images U16 p 148 Tyler Olson, p 149 Bikeworldtravel, fiphoto, MJTH, Maxx-Studio, p 150 otnaydur Pavel L Photo and Video, Kitch Bain, Trudy Wilkerson, Tomislav Pinter, p 153 Iakov Filimonov, p 154 Sean Locke Photography, javi_indy, XiXinXing, 26kot, arek_malang U17 p 157 Piotr Marcinski, p 158 Milles Studio, wong yu liang, MeePoohyaPhoto, Ollyy, Tom Wang, p 159 Monkey Business Images, Arjuna Kodisinghe, Blend Images, Monkey Business Images, Gemenacom, p 160 PHOTOCREO Michal Bednarek, p 164 ProStockStudio, p 165 Dragon Images, CREATISTA, CREATISTA, Iakov Filimonov U18 p 167 LoloStock, p 168 Edyta Pawlowska, Ensuper, Sergey Nivens, Zurijeta, Tyler Olson, p 169 ronfromyork, bikeriderlondon, Goodluz, Ljupco Smokovski, Milkovasa, p 172 Poprotskiy Alexey, p 174 Milles Studio, DWaschnig, Tyler Olson, Jason Salmon U19 p 176 LoloStock, p 182 Sean Locke Photography, RTimages, wavebreakmedia, Erlo Brown, Kzenon, p 177 Howard Sandler, Elena Elisseeva, maratr, Stephen Denness, Lisa F. Young, p 181 Frannyanne, p 182 stephanie Connell, p 183 Creativa Images, StockLite, imtmphoto, icyimage U20 p 185 Air Images, p 186 Monkey Business Images, Chamille White, Steve Allen, vita khorzhevska, Robert Kneschke, p 187 Joe Belanger, Kyrien, sixninepixels, JPC-PROD, EKS design, p 191 Pressmaster, p 192 Ollyy, szefei, Dean Drobot, violetblue
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