CONNECTED
B2+
UPPER INTERMEDIATE
CONNECTED STUDENT BOOK
STUDENT BOOK
CONNECTED STUDENT BOOK
CONNECTED is a six-level General English course taking young adult students from Beginner to Advanced levels (CEF: A1 to C1). The series contains engaging exercises presented in everyday contexts relevant to students’ own lives, motivating them to practice and retain new language.
The series features: • Broad themes to interest learners • Clean, colorful design for easy navigation • Personalized contexts to help consolidate understanding • Clear unit structure moving from key language points through receptive skills to productive skills
Beginner
A1
Elementary
A2
Pre-Intermediate
B1
Intermediate
B2
Upper-Intermediate Advanced
B2+ C1
B2+ UPPERINTERMEDIATE
Each level contains 20 units which practice the four skills (listening, reading, speaking and writing) in addition to grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation.
B2+
UPPER INTERMEDIATE
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CONNECTED STUDENT BOOK
B2+
UPPER-INTERMEDIATE Christopher Sol Cruz
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Knowledge Transmission Ltd Future Business Centre, Kings Hedges Rd, Cambridge, CB4 2HY, UK www.KnowledgeTransmission.com Š Knowledge Transmission Ltd 2015 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Knowledge Transmission Ltd. First published 2015 ISBN: 978-0-9933274-4-5 Knowledge Transmission Ltd has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.
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Introduction About this course This 600-hour course is aimed at students of General English at all stages of proficiency, and takes students all the way from Beginner to Advanced level. It is divided into six levels corresponding to the levels of The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR): Beginner (A1), Elementary (A2), PreIntermediate (B1), Intermediate (B2), Upper-Intermediate (B2+), and Advanced (C1). The course design takes an integrated-skills approach. Each level of the course is divided into separate units, each of which covers all four skills (listening, reading, speaking, and writing), as well as grammar and vocabulary. This integration of the four skills with language functions reflects real-life communication, and so prepares students to use English in the real world. Each unit has a broad, engaging theme, which motivates students by providing them with interesting topics about which to communicate purposefully. The acquisition of the language being presented allows students to engage with the themes in meaningful receptive and productive activities. All units contain elements of personalization, which is provided through production activities that encourage students to apply the language they have learned to their own personal contexts. This makes language relevant to students’ own lives, and serves to motivate and engage them further.
Unit structure Each unit includes • a vocabulary section that presents and practices the words and expressions needed for the unit • a dialogue that shows and tests the vocabulary in use and presents a grammar point in context • a pronunciation section that focuses on a key aspect of English pronunciation featured in the dialogue • a grammar explanation, followed by graded practice activities, that deals with the grammar point in detail • reading and listening activities that expand on the unit’s theme, practicing the grammar and vocabulary • speaking and writing activities that encourage personalization of the unit’s theme and give freer production of the language.
About the author Christopher Sol Cruz has been involved in the field of English language instruction and materials writing since 1988. He is the co-author of the Pearson primary EFL series Big English, and has written and developed numerous English learning materials for a variety of age groups in Latin America, Asia, the Middle East, and the US. In addition to writing, Sol Cruz has given academic presentations and run teacher professional development workshops around the world, and is an avid language learner. Introduction
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Contents Introduction 3 Unit
1
Unit
2
Topic
Not really my thing
Unit
3
Topic
Good news, bad news
Unit
4
Topic
I’m saving up
Unit
Topic
5
I caught her cold
Unit
Topic
6
I’m looking forward to it
Unit
7
Topic
They hit it off
Unit
8
Topic
The strangest thing I’ve ever eaten
Unit
9
Topic
There are very few left
Unit
10
4
Topic
It’s been ages!
Topic
It’s a surprise party, isn’t it?
Vocabulary Social media terms follow a person, connect with a person, send a person a request Grammar Verb tense review I was checking my Facebook page, and I saw someone had sent me a friend request. Vocabulary Stative verbs prefer, suspect, realize Grammar Stative verbs I doubt (that) he’ll want to join us. We promised them (that) we would go. Verbs that can be stative and non-stative Your new haircut looks great! He’s looking at his watch right now. Vocabulary Good news and bad news He’s lucky to have such good friends. She was anxious to see her sister after such a long time. Grammar Gerunds and infinitives He enjoys swimming every morning. We like skiing, ice-skating, and snowshoeing in the winter. Vocabulary Spending habits earn a good salary, borrow money from someone, lend money to someone Grammar Separable and inseparable phrasal verbs pay for, pay off, pay back Vocabulary Medical issues caught a cold, sunburn, emergency room Grammar Past perfect continuous: statements and questions She’d been lying on the beach for hours when she noticed her sunburn. Had you been lifting heavy things when you hurt your back? Vocabulary Feelings and desires feel like, can’t stand, can’t wait to Grammar So, too, either, and neither So do I. I would, too. Neither am I. I can’t either. Vocabulary Love and relationships seeing each other, be set up by a friend, go on a blind date Grammar Future perfect continuous When he gets back from Tokyo, he’ll have been traveling for 28 hours. Vocabulary Describing food bitter, greasy, salty Grammar Comparative adjectives and superlatives review Korean food is not quite as spicy as Thai food. The strangest thing I’ve ever eaten is chicken feet. Vocabulary Endangered animals pollution, extinct, gorilla Grammar Review of count and noncount nouns with much, many, some, and any Many animal habitats are being destroyed. Because of climate change, some animals can’t find any food to eat. Vocabulary Organizing a party surprise party, confirm the guest list, send directions out to the guests Grammar Tag questions Everyone knows it’s a surprise party, don’t they? They’ll deliver the cake to the restaurant, won’t they? We didn’t have to pay a deposit, did we? You’ve rented a private room at the restaurant, haven’t you?
Connected
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Dialogue Discussion about social media experiences Reading Erase me Dialogue People trying to set up dinner plans Reading Eat your veggies Dialogue People reacting to good news Reading Bad experiences, good results
Pronunciation Stressing content words Listening People talking about their experiences on social media Pronunciation Reduction of /t/ and /d/ Listening People talking about things they are hesitant to try Pronunciation Congratulations or condolences Listening People talking about good or bad things that have happened to them
Dialogue People discussing saving money at dinner Reading Off the grid
Pronunciation Word stress in phrasal verbs Listening People talking about spending habits
Dialogue Discussing a friend’s medical problems
Pronunciation Word prominence to convey disappointment Listening People talking about their medical issues or accidents Pronunciation Word prominence for contrastive stress
Reading Different treatments Dialogue People talking about what they want to do tonight Reading Do opposites attract?
Page 8 Speaking Talking about your feelings on social media
Page 18 Speaking Talking about something you were hesitant to try
Pronunciation Tag question intonation Listening Conversations about planning parties or events
Writing Writing an email declining an invitation Page 28
Speaking Talking about something good or bad that has happened to you recently
Writing Writing about a good or bad story that you’ve heard in the news Page 38
Speaking Talking about whether you’re good with money or not
Writing Writing about your financial goals Page 47
Speaking Writing Talking about an accident or Writing a note that gives a medical issue you had in the past friend advice Page 56
Listening Speaking People talking about how they are similar to Talking about how you are similar or different from their best friend to or different than a close friend or family member Dialogue Pronunciation A discussion about someone living abroad Expressing belief/disbelief Reading Listening Speaking Ten tips for a strong relationship Talking about an upcoming anniversary Talking about an upcoming anniversary or important date Dialogue Pronunciation People talking about their food Consonant clusters experiences Reading Listening Speaking Strange delicacies People talking about interesting food Talking about an interesting food experiences they’ve had experience Dialogue Pronunciation Two people talking about a study about an Different ways of pronouncing ng endangered species Reading Listening Speaking Close to extinction Talking about endangered animals Talking about an endangered animal Dialogue People preparing for a surprise party Reading Festival fun
Writing Writing about social media’s usefulness
Writing Writing about something you are looking forward to in the near future Page 66 Writing Writing about what your life will be like in ten years Page 75 Writing Writing about a dish from your culture Page 84 Writing Writing a letter to the editor of a newspaper about endangered animals Page 94
Speaking Using tag questions to find out the status of events/parties
Writing Writing a list of tag questions to find out the status of events and tasks
Contents
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Unit
11 Unit
12 Unit
13 Unit
14 Unit
Topic
Whatever you do will be great Topic
You have to go through security
Topic
He’s easy to buy for
Topic
Vocabulary Situations that make people nervous attend a high school reunion, give a presentation at a sales meeting, perform in a play Grammar Wh-ever words whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however, whatever Vocabulary Preparing for a trip abroad book a direct flight, buy a train pass in advance, get a visa from the consulate Grammar Necessity, lack of necessity, and prohibition You must have a passport to travel outside your country. You don’t have to buy a train pass in advance. You should never take an unmarked taxi. Vocabulary Gift giving easy to buy for, picky, have expensive taste Grammar Definite and indefinite articles That’s a nice sweater. You mean the sweater with the gold buttons? Vocabulary
Please stay on Telephoning not available at the moment, stay on the line, leave a message after the tone the line Grammar
Topic
Abilities and expectations I was unable to reach the customer service representative. We managed to finish the reports before noon. Vocabulary Business meeting arrangements call off the meeting, pick up and drop off the clients, sort out the lunch details
15
Will they be picked up at the hotel?
Unit
Topic
Vocabulary
16
It’s the best movie that’s come out this year
Describing movies star in, play a role, the story is set in
Unit
17 Unit
18 Unit
19 Unit
20
Grammar Passive with future and modals Will the folders be put together in time for the meeting? Should the tables be set up in a U-shape? The meeting could be called off if their flight is canceled.
Grammar Defining and non-defining relative clauses review MovieWatch is a service where you can stream films online. The actor Peter McDaniels, who stars in a movie called The Blue Night, comes from my hometown. Topic Vocabulary We’ve come to Discussing contracts terms of the contract, be willing to discuss, come to an agreement
an agreement
Topic
We all need to chill out
Topic
It’s a mystery
Topic
Walk me through your resumé
Grammar Softening requests and statements We were wondering if you could be a little more flexible on the price. I was hoping we could meet at seven. I was thinking we could suggest a couple of changes. Wouldn’t it be better if we asked for a discount? Vocabulary Colloquialisms get bent out of shape, chill out, grab a bite Grammar Expressing conditions even if, unless, as long as, whether (or not), provided that Vocabulary Mysteries hoax, fake, urban legend Grammar Past modals for speculation review I suppose they could have made a hot-air balloon and told people what to do. I doubt that they could have known about hot-air balloons. Vocabulary Job interview meet a deadline, handle stressful situations, key strengths Grammar Narrative tenses review Before I became manager, I had worked as an advertising sales representative for eight years.
Answer key 196 Acknowledgements 207
6
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Dialogue Two people talking about an upcoming event Reading Anxious?
Pronunciation W-glide between words
Dialogue Discussion about preparations for a trip abroad Reading Flying fun?
Pronunciation Y-glide between words
Dialogue People talking about buying gifts
Pronunciation Challenging consonant combinations
Reading Global gift giving
Listening Conversations about people deciding on gifts for other people Pronunciation Reduction of /d/ before to
Speaking Talking about a gift you would like to buy for someone
Listening
Speaking
Dialogue A person navigates through an automated response system Reading Ring ring Dialogue People talking about arrangements for a business meeting Reading Type A or Type B?
Listening People reassuring other people
Listening People giving advice about an upcoming trip
Page 103 Speaking Giving words of encouragement
Writing Writing a note of encouragement Page 112
Speaking Giving advice for someone abroad who is traveling to your country
Writing Writing advice about what a person needs to do, doesn’t need to do, or mustn’t do for a new endeavor Page 122 Writing Writing a thank-you note for a gift that someone gave you Page 131 Writing
People listening to a voicemail greeting and Leaving a voicemail leaving a message Pronunciation Minimal pairs
Writing a phone message to someone
Listening Conversations about arrangements for different events
Writing Writing about a successful or entertaining event you attended recently
Speaking Talking about an event you need to plan or be in charge of
Page 141
Dialogue
Pronunciation
Page
People talking about a movie that one of them has seen recently. Reading Filmmaking
Pauses before and after non-defining relative clauses Listening People describing a movie they’ve seen
150
Dialogue A manager and her direct report talking about a contract they are negotiating with another company Reading Negotiations
Pronunciation Reduction of supporting words
Dialogue Two people talking about their workloads and how they are feeling stressed Reading Making a balanced life
Pronunciation Pronouncing /ʃ/, /tʃ/, and /dʒ/
Listening Short conversations about negotiations
Listening People talking about a time in their life that they were overworked or overstressed and how they got through it Dialogue Pronunciation Two people talking about an unexplained Stressed adverbs and adverb phrases to mystery show intensity Reading Listening Amazing mysteries! Conversations about “mysteries” Dialogue A job interview situation Reading Interviewing tips
Pronunciation Changing syllable stress in different parts of speech Listening People giving anecdotal information or examples during a job interview
Speaking Talking about a movie you’ve seen
Writing Writing about a book you’ve read Page 159
Speaking Talking about a negotiation you made or a contract you signed
Writing Writing a note making an offer for a contract Page 169
Speaking Writing Writing a note to a friend or Talking about a time that you were overworked or overstressed colleague who is stressed out and how you got through it Page 178 Speaking Talking about a mystery or urban legend you’ve heard about
Writing Writing about a mystery or urban legend Page 187
Speaking Answering a job interview question
Writing Writing a thank-you note to an employer who interviewed you
Contents
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4
I’m saving up
Unit Goals In this unit, you will practice the following: Vocabulary Spending habits Dialogue People discussing saving money at dinner Pronunciation Word stress in phrasal verbs Grammar Separable and inseparable phrasal verbs Reading Off the grid Listening People talking about spending habits Speaking Talking about whether you’re good with money or not Writing Writing about your financial goals 38
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4 4.1 Vocabulary 1 Audio 21
Read and listen to the words.
borrow money from someone earn a good salary give up hold off on lend money to someone pay back pay for pay off a loan run out of save up
Vocabulary 2 Read the passage. Choose the correct word(s) to complete each sentence. I was planning to 1 [hold / hold up / hold down / hold off] on buying a new car for at least a year. But then I got a great new job where I’m earning a very good 2 [money / price / salary / position]. The only problem is that the office is almost an hour from my house. I needed a car right away, but I didn’t have enough cash on hand to pay 3 [with / on / for / off] it. Luckily, I could 4 [lend / pay / give / borrow] some money from my grandfather. I’ll be able to pay him 5 [forward / with / for / back] by the end of the year.
Vocabulary 3 Read the passage. Choose the correct word to complete each sentence. It seems like we’ve been saving 1 [down / up / out / in] to buy our first home for ages. There were times when we wanted to 2 [give / pay / take / go] up and just rent forever. It looked like we were going to run 3 [out / up / in / off] of time before we saved enough. Then last year, my wife’s Aunt Thelma said she’d love to 4 [borrow / spend / return / lend] us some money. We’ll pay 5 [out / off / on / up] the loan as soon as we can, but we’ll always be extremely grateful to her.
I’m saving up
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Vocabulary 4 Audio 22
Listen. Then practice saying these sentences.
1 I was planning to hold off on buying a new car for at least a year. 2 But then I got a great new job where I’m earning a very good salary. The only problem is that the office is almost an hour from my house. 3 I needed a car right away, but I didn’t have enough cash on hand to pay for it. 4 Luckily, I could borrow some money from my grandfather. 5 I’ll be able to pay him back by the end of the year. 6 It seems like we’ve been saving up to buy our first home for ages. 7 There were times when we wanted to give up and just rent forever. 8 It looked like we were going to run out of time before we saved enough. 9 Then last year, my wife’s Aunt Thelma said she’d love to lend us some money. 10 We’ll pay off the loan as soon as we can, but we’ll always be extremely grateful to her.
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4 4.2 Dialogue 1 Audio 23
Read and listen to the dialogue.
Laura and her friend Franco are at a restaurant eating dinner. Franco Congratulations again on your new job. Laura Thank you, Franco. And thank you for this celebration dinner. Franco My pleasure. Laura It’s going to be so nice to earn a good salary and to be able to pay for things myself. Franco I hear you. Laura And that means that I won’t have to borrow money from my parents. Franco I’m sure they’re happy to lend money to you. Laura Well, you’re right. They are my parents after all. Franco What are your plans for all the extra money you’ll be earning? Laura I’m going to pay back my parents. Last year, I borrowed some money from them to pay for school. Franco I always save up money so I never have to borrow from anyone. Laura That’s what I’m going to do, too. No more loans for me! I want a new car so I’m saving up for it. Franco Very good. The waiter brings the check and hands it to Franco. Laura Thank you again, Franco, for paying for dinner. Franco Uh. About that. The check is more than I planned on. Could I borrow a little money from you? Laura Ha ha ha, sure! It sounds like you’ve already run out of all that money you’ve been saving up.
Dialogue 2 Choose the correct answers. 1 Laura and Franco are celebrating Laura’s new job.
True / False
2 Laura never borrows money from her parents.
True / False
3 Laura wants to go back to school with her extra money.
True / False
4 Franco needs to borrow some money from Laura.
True / False
Dialogue 3 Practice reading the dialogue aloud with a partner.
I’m saving up
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4.3 Pronunciation Word stress in phrasal verbs Audio 24
Listen. Then practice saying the words.
hold off on
give up
pay back
look for
run out of
pay off
save up
pay for
4.4 Grammar 1 Separable and inseparable phrasal verbs Audio 25
Read and listen to the grammar presentation.
Separable
Inseparable
give up
pay for
pay off
hold off on
pay back
run out of
save up I gave up the gym membership to save money. I gave the gym membership up to save money. He finally paid off his student loan. He finally paid his student loan off.
Definitions of phrasal verbs give up: to quit a habit pay off: to finish paying for something pay back: to return owed money save up: to accumulate something (usually money) pay for: to make a payment hold off on: to temporarily stop doing something run out of: to have none left
Tip
Did you pay back your dad the money you borrowed? Did you pay your dad back the money you borrowed? We need to save up our money to buy a house. We need to save our money up to buy a house. How did you pay for the car? I’m going to hold off on buying a new car until next year. If you keep spending like that, you’ll run out of money.
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4 Grammar 2 Choose the correct word to complete the sentences. 1 Emma and John are going to hold off [on / up / of] getting married until they both graduate from college. 2 My son is saving [on / up / of] his allowance to buy a new video game. 3 Young always runs out [on / up / of] money because he likes to buy expensive clothes. 4 Juan has to pay his mom [off / back / up] for the money he borrowed to buy his new phone. 5 You should really give [off / back / up] gambling if you want to save money. 6 Ana is almost done with paying [off / back / up] her credit card.
Grammar 3 Underline all the separable and inseparable verbs in the conversation. Franco Congratulations again on your new job. Laura Thank you, Franco. And thank you for this celebration dinner. Franco My pleasure. Laura It’s going to be so nice to earn a good salary and to be able to pay for things myself. Franco I hear you. Laura And that means that I won’t have to borrow money from my parents. Franco I’m sure they were happy to lend money to you. Laura Well, you’re right. They are my parents after all. Franco What are your plans for all the extra money you’ll be earning? Laura I’m going to pay back my parents. Last year, I borrowed some money from them to pay for school. Franco I always save up money so I never have to borrow from anyone. Laura That’s what I’m doing, too. No more loans for me! I want a new car so I’m saving up for it. Franco Very good. Laura Thank you again, Franco, for paying for dinner. Franco Uhh. About that. The check is more than I planned on. Could I borrow a little money from you? Laura Ha ha ha, sure! It sounds like you’ve already run out of all that money you’ve been saving up.
I’m saving up
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4.5 Reading Read the article. Then read the sentences. Choose ‘True’ or ‘False’.
What kind of things are you saving up for? Some people are saving their money so that they can stop relying on money. These people are saving up so that they can go “off the grid.” This means living on only what you can produce yourself.
Off the
grid 44
The major reason that you need savings to go off the grid is to buy a piece of land, with access to fresh water. Your land will be used to graze livestock, set up your power grid, and grow food. You’ll need to build a house, which will cost more money. And for electricity you will likely use solar and wind power so you need to make sure your land has good sun and wind coverage and buy the equipment to generate solar or wind power. In order to live off the grid you also have to be willing to give up the Internet, because that is one thing you can’t produce on your own. Going off the grid takes a lot of money, but once you go off the grid you should be able to maintain your lifestyle with little to no money. If you do need money, you can sell fruits and vegetables that you grow on your land to get it. Once you have gone off the grid, you’ll find all of the things that made you worry about money every month are no longer your problem.
1 If you move off the grid, you can still have Internet.
True / False
2 It costs a lot of money to move off of the grid.
True / False
3 You will need land with access to fresh water.
True / False
4 You can just use the same electricity you have always used.
True / False
5 You won’t need a lot of money once you are off the grid.
True / False
6 You don’t need to grow your own food.
True / False
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4 4.6 Listening Audio 26
Listen. Choose the correct answers. 1 Raoul is saving up for
.
a a new apartment b a new car c a trip to Hong Kong 2 Raoul doesn’t want to borrow more money from . a the bank b his brother c his parents 3 Monique just got
.
a a new car b a new computer c a job promotion 4 Now Monique can start saving up to
.
a buy a new car b travel the world c get her own apartment 5 It was always Sayed’s dream to
.
a own a home b make a lot of money c send his kids to college 6 Now Sayed is saving up for
.
a a huge yard b a bigger house c his kids’ college education 7 Nicky cut up her credit card because she couldn’t . a buy more clothes b pay back her parents c make the monthly payments 8 Nicky’s parents offered to pay for a course in
.
a money management b web development c fashion design I’m saving up
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4.7 Speaking Talk about what you are like with money. Practice asking and answering the questions with a partner. Are you good or bad with money? For example: You’re good with money because: • You always pay your bills and pay off your debts on time. • You never spend more than you can afford. • You only buy things that you need, not things that you want. • If you have extra money, you save it rather than spend it. You’re not good with money because: • You’re always asking family and friends for loans. • You are late paying off your debts. • You find it impossible to save money. If you see something you like, you buy it. • Your motto is: Life is short. Enjoy money today. Worry about the future tomorrow.
4.8 Writing Write about some financial goals you have, and write about how you can achieve them. Follow the example. Then show your writing to a partner or your teacher for feedback. I hope to get a new job that will help me pay for new things. First, I want to pay off my credit card debt. Then, I want to save up for a trip. I need to hold off on buying a new car until I have enough money saved for school and expenses. It’s going to be tough, but I am planning to set a budget. With the budget I will reduce my spending on entertainment and some food costs. I will also begin to put money into a savings account.
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I won’t have to borrow money from my parents.
Unit 4 4.1 Vocabulary 2 1 2 3 4 5
hold off salary for borrow back
Vocabulary 3 1 2 3 4 5
up give out lend off
4.2 Dialogue 2 1 2 3 4
True False False True
4.4 Grammar 2 1 2 3 4 5 6
on up of back up off
Grammar 3 Franco Congratulations again on your new job. Laura Thank you, Franco. And thank you for this celebration dinner. Franco My pleasure.
Franco I’m sure they were happy to lend money to you. Laura Well, you’re right. They are my parents after all. Franco What are your plans for all the extra money you’ll be earning? Laura I’m going to pay back my parents. Last year, I borrowed some money from them to pay for school.
4.6 Listening 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
b a c b a c c a
Franco I always save up money so I never have to borrow from anyone. Laura That’s what I’m doing, too. No more loans for me! I want a new car so I’m saving up for it. Franco Very good. Laura Thank you again, Franco, for paying for dinner. Franco Uhh. About that. The check is more than I planned on. Could I borrow a little money from you? Laura Ha ha ha, sure! It sounds like you’ve already run out of all that money you’ve been saving up.
4.5 Reading 1 2 3 4 5 6
False True True False True False
Laura It’s going to be so nice to earn a good salary and to be able to pay for things myself. Franco I hear you. Laura And that means that
Answer key
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Acknowledgements The publishers wish to thank the following for permission to reproduce images. Every effort has been made to trace copyright holders and to obtain their permission for the use of copyright materials. The publishers will gladly receive any information enabling them to rectify any error or omission at the first opportunity. Cover Getty Images / Aldo Murillo All images are from Shutterstock.com unless otherwise stated: U1 p 8 Syda Productions, p 9 Aleksej Zhagunov, robtek, p10 miya227, p 12 Pressmaster, p 15 NicoElNino, p 16 Odua Images, imtmphoto, OPOLJA, william casey U2 p 18 gpointstudio, p 19 racorn, MJTH, Ollyy, Andrey_Popov, SLP_London, p 20 Maridav, Peter Bernik, Joshua Resnick, auremar, CREATISTA, p 25 monticello, p 26 bikeriderlondon, suravid, val lawless, Djomas U3 p 28 oliveromg, p 29 Martin Allinger, Africa Studio, michaeljung, vikau, Anna Demjanenko, p 30 Radu Bercan / Shutterstock.com, wavebreakmedia, Rudy Balasko, Maria Sbytova, blurAZ, p 33 IM_photo, p 34 StockLite, p 35 Tyler Olson, Mila Supinskaya, p 36 Aubord Dulac, John Wollwerth, CREATISTA, PrinceOfLove U4 p 38 Aaron Amat, p 39 Juriah Mosin, Andy Dean Photography, p 40 Pressmaster, p 44 Larry Knupp, p 45 Dragon Images, racorn, Andy Dean Photography, Ariwasabi U5 p 47 CandyBox Images, p 48 varuna, Stuart Jenner, Piotr Marcinski, tlorna, Dmitry Kalinovsky, p 49 Shane White, A. Einsiedler / Shutterstock.com, Click and Photo, ChameleonsEye / Shutterstock.com, Chris Singshinsuk, p 53 Chinaview, Rommel Canlas, nomidavid, p 54 doglikehorse, Chad Zuber, Rob Marmion, TraXXXe U6 p 56 Leszek Kobusinski, p 57 BlueSkyImage, Air Images, Rawpixel, Iakov Filimonov, Kamira, p 58 Viktor1, Alan49, salajean / Shutterstock.com, chaoss, imagedb. com, p 60 View Apart, p 62 Subbotina Anna, p 63 NotarYES, p 64 Zurijeta, Marcel Jancovic, Shahril KHMD U7 p 66 Glaze Image, p 67 Maridav, CREATISTA, p 68 Dragon Images, p 72 EpicStockMedia, p 73 William Perugini, Maridav, Zurijeta U8 p 75 T photography, p 76 Lestertair, kostrez, nito, Kreangkrai Indarodom, num_skyman, p 77 Brent Hofacker, Jill Battaglia, Family Business, Tina Velikonja, Tyler Olson, p 78 tristan tan, p 81 Beth Swanson, jitthiluk, Marina Khlybova, bonchan p 82 CandyBox Images, MSPhotographic, Nejron Photo, wavebreakmedia U9 p 84 Svetlana Foote, p 85 Jez Bennett, ex0rzist, Hung Chung Chih, deamles for sale, GUIDO BISSATTINI, Spotlite Photography, p 86 Isabelle
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Kuehn, Jearu, Steve Wilson, Christopher Wood, Monika Hrdinova, Andi Erik, p 87 iPics, p 88 JonMilnes, p 91 Volodymyr Burdiak, Eduard Kyslynskyy, Adam Van Spronsen, p 92 Jearu, Hung Chung Chih, Todd Hackwelder, Matej Hudovernik U10 p 94 Dragon Images, p 95 ProStockStudio, Valentyn Volkov, p 96 XiXinXing, p 100 Migel / Shutterstock.com, Andy Poole, AJP / Shutterstock. com, p 101 Nejron Photo, takayuki, Kzenon U11 p103 l i g h t p o e t, p 104 Geo Martinez, William Perugini, Rawpixel, Peter Bernik, aerogondo2, p 105 bikeriderlondon, michaeljung, Lucky Business, bikeriderlondon, Goodluz, p 108 Robert Kneschke, p 109 sematadesign, p 110 Rommel Canlas, Karramba Production, courtyardpix, Iakov Filimonov U12 p 112 Standret, p 113 TonyV3112 / Shutterstock.com, Milles Studio, p 114 mimagephotography, p 116 MaxyM, p 118 Capricorn Studio, p 119 hxdbzxy, p 120 michaeljung, Kotin, Blaj Gabriel, racorn U13 p 122 Blend Images, p 123 Tang Yan Song / Shutterstock.com, Andresr, p 124 soo hee kim, p 128 elisekurenbina, p 129 StockLite, Dmitry Kalinovsky, bikeriderlondon, U14 p 131 wavebreakmedia, p 132 Catalin Petolea, Aaron Amat, p 133 wavebreakmedia, p 135 Sergey Mironov, p 136 bikeriderlondon, p 138 Everett Collection, p 139 dcb, StockLite, vseb, wavebreakmedia, InesBazdar U15 p 141 Kzenon, p 142 Rawpixel, Franz Pfluegl, p 143 Monkey Business Images, p 144 Eviled, p 147 Dragon Images, Ditty_about_summer, p 148 imtmphoto, auremar, p 149 Riccardo Piccinini U16 p 150 Igor Demchenkov, p 151 Creativemarc, AVN Photo Lab, p 152 Stokkete, p 156 Fer Gregory, p 157 mmarcol, Kzenon, Khakimullin Aleksandr U17 p 159 Andresr, p 160 Kzenon, Ersler Dmitry, p 161 Ldprod, p 164 EDHAR, p 166 Pressmaster, p 167 Jeanette Dietl, auremar, michaeljung, JPC-PROD U18 p 169 Blend Images, p 170 StockLite, Christian Bertrand / Shutterstock.com, EPG_ EuroPhotoGraphics / Shutterstock.com, Mila Supinskaya, Ermolaev Alexander, p 171 wavebreakmedia, PathDoc, Dmytro Vietrov, IVY PHOTOS, Daniel Korzeniewski, p 175 nmphoto, p 176 michaeljung, takayuki, lassedesignen, p 177 Africa Studio U19 p 178 solarseven, p 179 esfera, Stocksnapper, robcocquyt, aquariagirl1970, tr3gin, p 180 elementals, Barbol, R-O-M-A, Arun Roisri, Nick Hawkes, p 181 Marcel Jancovic, p 184 Fulcanelli, p 185 M. Cornelius, Kimberly Palmer, gary yim U20 p 187 Pressmaster, p 188 racorn, Kzenon, p 189 Stephen Coburn, p 193 Andrey_Popov, p 194 aslysun, Alexander Raths, Andrey_Popov, Andrey_Popov
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