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M EMORYS CA PE
city of layers
Taksim Square, with its layered structure, is an
statement “There are two types of people in
acropolis shaped through many eras. Formed
the world…” can be completed with endlessly
when a plate of the earth crust lifted suddenly
varying evaluations and each would be true.
from sea level, this area has been the place
Similar to this, we could talk about why Taksim
subjected to demonstrations of political power
is such a problematic location for days and
by the ruling party of its day in the past 50 years
the reasons we come up with would each be
of the Turkish Republic. In the last 20 years,
true as well. But the spatial solutions for these
it has been a ceaseless construction site, a
problems will not necessarily result in a good
problematic urban space that failed to connect
urban space. Whether the solution reached
with an entire generation of people.
might be the answer for a single problem or
It is impossible to create a good urban space
all existing problems, it still will not guarantee
from Taksim Square by just reforming and
a good urban space. Because this area is a
fixing its current problems like any other
sock. It is worn down, aged, it has many holes
square in the world. This is due to the area
which have been patched, and it has evolved
being excessively layered (historically, politically,
with each patch. And so pops John Locke into
geographically, demographically) and also it
our thoughts: If each hole in this sock has been
being an intersection point for the traces of
patched with a different fabric, is that sock still
the sparkling social life of the past empire and
the same sock? We hear Turgut Cansever say:
the modern republic’s social advances, trying
Does the gem (the essence) remain the same
to coexist. A sentence that begins with the
while the features change?
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scale is the most important problem for taksim square. TIBBALDS (2001) ARGUED THAT SINCE URBAN SQUARES ARE DESIGNED FOR HUMAN BEING, THEY SHOULD BE IN HUMAN SCALE. “IN THE CONTEXT OF URBAN DESIGN, WHERE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SENSES, COMMUNICATION AND DIMENSIONS IS AN IMPORTANT THEME, WE SPEAK IT A SOCIAL FIELD OF VISION.” JAN GEHL
SCA LE D E S E RT TO H U MA N Scale helps us understand. We scale
twenty minutes. We live in a temporal
memory, time, and space. People
the world we live in, we scale time,
length that we can scale. We scale
feel a sense of belonging to spaces
we scale space. We divide years to
our emotions as well. More painful
they comprehend the scale of, they
months, months to days, days to
feelings, happier feelings… Because
spend time in spaces where they feel
hours to understand. When we can
scale is comparison. Of course, we
they belong, memories are created
scale a quantity, we establish a sense
scale space, not only in its size either.
in urban spaces that people spend
of belonging, we feel in order. This is
The childhood home is scaled through
time in. In this context, our project
why we have trouble making sense of
memories. Taksim Square is a scale-
is a strategy for definition; it scales
a quantity such as twenty million light-
less urban space in every sense. This
the space physically while creating
years, yet attach endless meaning to
is not merely about the size, it is about
various levels through movement on
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the singular zero-level that belongs
comfort, people who visit the square
objective things by human. Whether
to high-paced activity, producing
would feel tired also. Designing urban
a space is comfortable depends a
alternative levels from it where one
square is not only creating physical
lot on whether it has a proper spatial
can slow down, wait, experience
ground but also designing human
scale. In spatial design, scale is the
and most importantly, create new
behavior based on environmental
aesthetical view point of size. Size is
memories.
central
psychology. It must be started to
the precise description of quantity,
location and central civic square of a
understand the term of scale and
referring to the actual size of an
city, it isn’t attracted citizens due to
solve this inhuman scale problem.
object. It is the most basic way to
their scale that may give people an
Scale, as a concept in aesthetics, is a
express the scale, but what human
empty feeling, lacking of intimacy and
standard and judgment on the size of
feel is scale, but not size.
Although
its
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humans can only experience the space they can scale down.
U ND E RSTA N D T H E S CA L E Scale is the size of one object in
Scale is a kind of contrast among
as a popular public space, which
relation to the other objects in a
sizes. Proportion is the comparison
contributes to civic life. Camilio Sitte
design or artwork. Proportion refers
relation on quantity between objects,
(1889) indicated that the best scale
to the size of the parts of an object
while scale is between human and
is when the proportion is around a
in relationship to other parts of the
object. Proportion is a way to deal
range from 1 to 2, that is, 1≤D: H≤2.
same object. There must be scale
with scale. The scale and volume of
That’s because people can get the
and proportion in urban square to
a space influence directly to people’s
best field sense.
supply safety, comfort, interaction and
experience and feeling. Correct edge
‘The
communication as well as unity and
conditions create an appropriate
30m≤D≤300m, 0.5≤P1≤1, 1≤P2≤2, it is
balance.
enclosure, and make the square
a balanced field, in which people can
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balanced
field’;
When
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TAKSIM - TURKEY
MARKET SQUARE - POLAND
SAN MARCO-ITALY
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PIAZZA NAVONA - ITALY
RED SQUARE - RUSSIA
AZIZ PETRUS - VATICAN
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watch the overall image of architecture
There are three types of basic activities
players or performance artists on the
and the environment around the
walk, stand, sit, and three types of
squares, their performance attracts
building clearly in a suitable way.
accompanying activities happen on
people to watch, meeting the need
The details of surrounding building
squares watch, listen and chat. For all
of expressing themselves. Watch and
facades such as “transparency, opacity,
of these, The scale of the human body
being watched meets people’s need
openings, and surface ornaments”
was taken as a reference object. When
on psychology. Thus, all square pieces
affect the space as D/H ratios do.
a person is in a space, scale means
that is in human scale will work as a
Designing square should start from
the effect on a contrast of the size
generative ground for activities and
the human dimension, to make
of the space and the size of human
create new memories.
visitors comfortable in the space.
body. The music players, skateboard
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UR BA N FATIGU E & MEMOR IA L QU OTA Depths of societies and their
A people who is not at peace
used to step on has changed, all
existence on the world stage is
with its past or wants to create
that was experienced were cast
determined by the strength of
new memories can reset urban
out. Someone who has a memory
their common values and their
memory, rename bridges, assign
in Taksim from fifteen years ago can
relationship with geography. Thus,
new functions to urban spaces, or
no longer find anything connected
‘place’ and collected memories are
regenerate entire cities.
to that memory there, and changes
of utmost importance in nations’
Taksim Square is of national
as fast and frequent as these
developments. Public areas are
significance in the timeline of the
damage the relations that society
where collective memories are
Ottoman Empire through to the
creates with a place, which then
created, so urban spaces store
Turkish Republic, an urban space
leads to loss of identity in society
memories that keep communities
that has collected unfathomable
and anonymous urban spaces.
together. Because of this, the
memories. It is also a tired space,
We want to propose a transition to
degeneration,
or
tired of being reconfigured each
an authentic public space rather
destruction of codes that have
time a new political power gets
than to offer another front for a
been embedded in urban and
a hold of the reins, throughout
political move. For this tired urban
collective memories means the
modern Turkish Republican history.
space, which filled its memory
strong and deep bonds between a
A significant portion of this slate
quota a long time ago and then
people and its past being severed.
was
Topçu
was stripped of its memories, which
This is extremely dangerous for the
Barracks were demolished. New
has a new current identity of being
longevity of a nation on the stage of
memories have been created
just a transitional space, our project
history.
there… Not only the historical fabric
aims to provide alternative levels to
Urban spaces are ‘tabula rasa’.
was lost when Tarlabaşı Boulevard
the square’s ground level without
As societies spend time together
opened, but memories were lost.
disregarding its existing qualities, to
in spaces, get through events
Taksim Square has been changed
scale the square in every way while
collectively, memories begin to be
so many times; Atatürk Cultural
doing so, and to propose a new
engraved permanently on this blank
Center burned, memories burned.
layer that allows for possibilities of
slate. In a sense, these spaces are
A mosque was erected; a new
novel experiences that lead to the
conjunctions connecting a society.
identity was contrived. What we
creation of new memories.
renaming,
shattered
when
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Mon dessin ne représentait pas un chapeau. J’ai alors dessiné l’intérieur du serpent boa, afin que les grandes personnes puissent comprendre. Elles ont toujours besoin d’explications.
ID EA It is a futile and palliative attempt
which never came to be… Maybe
also is a public space. Its defining
to interfere with Taksim Square
taking it upon us to contemplate
feature in the third dimension is
to solve its problems. At this
on how new experiences can
neither the mosque nor Atatürk
point, rather than developing the
occur here.
Cultural Center (AKM) nor its
area forwards in time with more
In a space like this where every
trees. If there ever were defining
construction
we
corner is filled with memories, in
features, they are the memories.
would like to go backward. We
the core of a metropolis where
We
do not wish to make predictions
every person scampers around
opportunities for this space,
through historical analyses like
like crazy; stopping for a while-
tired and filled to the brim
watching stock market numbers
being able to stop and listen…
with memories, to create new
change and come up with an
Taksim is a public area, with its
memories
argument. Maybe an elegy to that
endless two-dimensionality. It
and
layers,
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propose
to
allow
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C R E AT I N G CO N T I N U OU S S U R FACE New ground that is a space where multiple activities takes place brings vitality and diversity to the space. Mixtures of activities, not separate uses, are the key to successful urban places. New ground is a whole space that is consisted of multiple different kind of place. These topographic ground will supply a proper proportion and human scale for Taksim square. New ground is a “memoryscape� that is generative place.
U R B A N CA N OPY
Designing urban canopy for activities and public services. It creates an attractive path from the street to square. These light structures will complete the square edge to scale square humanized. Under the canopy will be comfort zone. Also this area will be linked to the edge of Gezi Park through people interaction.
S M A RT CI TY Sensors will turn the space what is need according to users data. Mobility is key issue for future smart city.Thus, transformation of the place is most important thought. This sensors will help the space transformation. This lighting sensors will change the space according to function like concert, sport, art etc.
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designing not experienced possibilitties for new memories.
1. Taksim square was well located in a site in which having several accesses to traffic and transportation routes to
and
be
pedestrian
Accessibility
is
close ways. closely
related to mobility. For clean
future,
people’s
transportation habits will be oriented to change for sustainable solutions like cycling. In the square, near the mosque, Grand bicycle park area are proposed to encourage users. 2. Boundary of Gezi Park is identically protected. However, in order to heal of ecological cycle and to increase of user comfort, landscape
restoration
made. 3. Creating sloped area and integration with urban furniture are proposed according to the comfort needs.
Arrangement
the seating elements in squares can affect the social role of square. That is to say, well-organized seats and benches will persuade people to use the square and play a role in social interactions
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SITEPL AN 1/ 10 0 0 D IVE DE D
CU R R E N T
D IVE DE
PR O PO S A L GAT H E R I N G A RT GE N E R ATO R ACT IVI TY ZO N E
T R AN S FO R MAT I O N OF SU R R O U N DE D R OA D S
D O U BL E L A N E
T R I BL E L A N E PR O P O SA L S H A RI N G L A N E PU B L I C T RA N S P ORTAT I ON CYC L I N G R OA D
NEW G R O U ND
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O R GA NIZATION O F T HE WOR K I NG T E AM FO R STAG E 2
CON S U LTA N TS
AUTHO RS
ARC HI TECTU RAL HISTORIA N
A RC HI T ECTS
U R BAN S OCI OLO GIST
L A NDS CAPE AR C HI T ECTS
I NFRA-STRU CTURE SPECIA L IST
CITY PL ANNER
TRANS PORTATI ON SPECIA L IST BI G DATA U R BAN A N A LYSTS C IVI L E NGI NE E R
ASSI STA NT ME MB E RS
ECONOMI ST GR APHI C DE S I G NER
A RC HI T ECTS
LI GHTI NG S PEC IA LIST ( M O OD D ESIGNER)
L A NDS CAPE AR C HI T ECTS
S CU LPTOR
VIS UAL I Z AT I ON S PEC I AL I ST A RC HI T ECTU R AL M ODEL S PEC I AL I ST
Metropol city life is becoming more
sociologist and a big data urban
interaction of the audience is built
intricate
multidisciplinary
analyst to analyze the city and the
on branding, we are thinking of
day by day. It is not enough to
urbanite more qualified and to
working with an economist who
describe
develop the proposed programs.
is considered to be potentially
by a user only with dimensional
We
a
putting a business plan closely with
and
elements.
transportation specialist to analyse
a graphic designer , to eliminate
Considering the leading decisions
current situation with its pros and
the bad image of the Taksim
we made in the first stage, it is
cons and develop a plan to make
square in mind and then to treat
envisaged to take consultancies
it work better and then entegrate
Taksim Square as a brand value.
outside the design discipline so
it
transportation.
Finally, we are planning to work
that users can establish a more
We also plan to work with an
with a lighting designer (mood
qualified
infrastructure
to
designer) and a sculptor for the
rainwater
plastic arts that will exist in the area
and
a
space
experienced
programmatic
relationship
with
the
plan
with
to
work
public
with
specialist
square. First of all, we plan to work
ensure
with an architectural historian to
management,
of
as complementary elements, in
better understand the historical
structural elements, and lighting
order to transform the area into a
texture of the area and to improve
infrastructure are well prepared.
qualified urban space.
the
In
design
in
this
direction.
We plan to work with a urban
that
today’s
professions
water,
protection
world, appear
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where
new
and
the
LOADI N G FO R N EW MEMO R I ES WI T H S MART CI TY
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city of layers
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