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M EMORYS CA PE

city of layers

Taksim Square, with its layered structure, is an

statement “There are two types of people in

acropolis shaped through many eras. Formed

the world…” can be completed with endlessly

when a plate of the earth crust lifted suddenly

varying evaluations and each would be true.

from sea level, this area has been the place

Similar to this, we could talk about why Taksim

subjected to demonstrations of political power

is such a problematic location for days and

by the ruling party of its day in the past 50 years

the reasons we come up with would each be

of the Turkish Republic. In the last 20 years,

true as well. But the spatial solutions for these

it has been a ceaseless construction site, a

problems will not necessarily result in a good

problematic urban space that failed to connect

urban space. Whether the solution reached

with an entire generation of people.

might be the answer for a single problem or

It is impossible to create a good urban space

all existing problems, it still will not guarantee

from Taksim Square by just reforming and

a good urban space. Because this area is a

fixing its current problems like any other

sock. It is worn down, aged, it has many holes

square in the world. This is due to the area

which have been patched, and it has evolved

being excessively layered (historically, politically,

with each patch. And so pops John Locke into

geographically, demographically) and also it

our thoughts: If each hole in this sock has been

being an intersection point for the traces of

patched with a different fabric, is that sock still

the sparkling social life of the past empire and

the same sock? We hear Turgut Cansever say:

the modern republic’s social advances, trying

Does the gem (the essence) remain the same

to coexist. A sentence that begins with the

while the features change?

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scale is the most important problem for taksim square. TIBBALDS (2001) ARGUED THAT SINCE URBAN SQUARES ARE DESIGNED FOR HUMAN BEING, THEY SHOULD BE IN HUMAN SCALE. “IN THE CONTEXT OF URBAN DESIGN, WHERE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SENSES, COMMUNICATION AND DIMENSIONS IS AN IMPORTANT THEME, WE SPEAK IT A SOCIAL FIELD OF VISION.” JAN GEHL

SCA LE D E S E RT TO H U MA N Scale helps us understand. We scale

twenty minutes. We live in a temporal

memory, time, and space. People

the world we live in, we scale time,

length that we can scale. We scale

feel a sense of belonging to spaces

we scale space. We divide years to

our emotions as well. More painful

they comprehend the scale of, they

months, months to days, days to

feelings, happier feelings… Because

spend time in spaces where they feel

hours to understand. When we can

scale is comparison. Of course, we

they belong, memories are created

scale a quantity, we establish a sense

scale space, not only in its size either.

in urban spaces that people spend

of belonging, we feel in order. This is

The childhood home is scaled through

time in. In this context, our project

why we have trouble making sense of

memories. Taksim Square is a scale-

is a strategy for definition; it scales

a quantity such as twenty million light-

less urban space in every sense. This

the space physically while creating

years, yet attach endless meaning to

is not merely about the size, it is about

various levels through movement on

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the singular zero-level that belongs

comfort, people who visit the square

objective things by human. Whether

to high-paced activity, producing

would feel tired also. Designing urban

a space is comfortable depends a

alternative levels from it where one

square is not only creating physical

lot on whether it has a proper spatial

can slow down, wait, experience

ground but also designing human

scale. In spatial design, scale is the

and most importantly, create new

behavior based on environmental

aesthetical view point of size. Size is

memories.

central

psychology. It must be started to

the precise description of quantity,

location and central civic square of a

understand the term of scale and

referring to the actual size of an

city, it isn’t attracted citizens due to

solve this inhuman scale problem.

object. It is the most basic way to

their scale that may give people an

Scale, as a concept in aesthetics, is a

express the scale, but what human

empty feeling, lacking of intimacy and

standard and judgment on the size of

feel is scale, but not size.

Although

its

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humans can only experience the space they can scale down.

U ND E RSTA N D T H E S CA L E Scale is the size of one object in

Scale is a kind of contrast among

as a popular public space, which

relation to the other objects in a

sizes. Proportion is the comparison

contributes to civic life. Camilio Sitte

design or artwork. Proportion refers

relation on quantity between objects,

(1889) indicated that the best scale

to the size of the parts of an object

while scale is between human and

is when the proportion is around a

in relationship to other parts of the

object. Proportion is a way to deal

range from 1 to 2, that is, 1≤D: H≤2.

same object. There must be scale

with scale. The scale and volume of

That’s because people can get the

and proportion in urban square to

a space influence directly to people’s

best field sense.

supply safety, comfort, interaction and

experience and feeling. Correct edge

‘The

communication as well as unity and

conditions create an appropriate

30m≤D≤300m, 0.5≤P1≤1, 1≤P2≤2, it is

balance.

enclosure, and make the square

a balanced field, in which people can

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balanced

field’;

When


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TAKSIM - TURKEY

MARKET SQUARE - POLAND

SAN MARCO-ITALY

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PIAZZA NAVONA - ITALY

RED SQUARE - RUSSIA

AZIZ PETRUS - VATICAN

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watch the overall image of architecture

There are three types of basic activities

players or performance artists on the

and the environment around the

walk, stand, sit, and three types of

squares, their performance attracts

building clearly in a suitable way.

accompanying activities happen on

people to watch, meeting the need

The details of surrounding building

squares watch, listen and chat. For all

of expressing themselves. Watch and

facades such as “transparency, opacity,

of these, The scale of the human body

being watched meets people’s need

openings, and surface ornaments”

was taken as a reference object. When

on psychology. Thus, all square pieces

affect the space as D/H ratios do.

a person is in a space, scale means

that is in human scale will work as a

Designing square should start from

the effect on a contrast of the size

generative ground for activities and

the human dimension, to make

of the space and the size of human

create new memories.

visitors comfortable in the space.

body. The music players, skateboard

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UR BA N FATIGU E & MEMOR IA L QU OTA Depths of societies and their

A people who is not at peace

used to step on has changed, all

existence on the world stage is

with its past or wants to create

that was experienced were cast

determined by the strength of

new memories can reset urban

out. Someone who has a memory

their common values and their

memory, rename bridges, assign

in Taksim from fifteen years ago can

relationship with geography. Thus,

new functions to urban spaces, or

no longer find anything connected

‘place’ and collected memories are

regenerate entire cities.

to that memory there, and changes

of utmost importance in nations’

Taksim Square is of national

as fast and frequent as these

developments. Public areas are

significance in the timeline of the

damage the relations that society

where collective memories are

Ottoman Empire through to the

creates with a place, which then

created, so urban spaces store

Turkish Republic, an urban space

leads to loss of identity in society

memories that keep communities

that has collected unfathomable

and anonymous urban spaces.

together. Because of this, the

memories. It is also a tired space,

We want to propose a transition to

degeneration,

or

tired of being reconfigured each

an authentic public space rather

destruction of codes that have

time a new political power gets

than to offer another front for a

been embedded in urban and

a hold of the reins, throughout

political move. For this tired urban

collective memories means the

modern Turkish Republican history.

space, which filled its memory

strong and deep bonds between a

A significant portion of this slate

quota a long time ago and then

people and its past being severed.

was

Topçu

was stripped of its memories, which

This is extremely dangerous for the

Barracks were demolished. New

has a new current identity of being

longevity of a nation on the stage of

memories have been created

just a transitional space, our project

history.

there… Not only the historical fabric

aims to provide alternative levels to

Urban spaces are ‘tabula rasa’.

was lost when Tarlabaşı Boulevard

the square’s ground level without

As societies spend time together

opened, but memories were lost.

disregarding its existing qualities, to

in spaces, get through events

Taksim Square has been changed

scale the square in every way while

collectively, memories begin to be

so many times; Atatürk Cultural

doing so, and to propose a new

engraved permanently on this blank

Center burned, memories burned.

layer that allows for possibilities of

slate. In a sense, these spaces are

A mosque was erected; a new

novel experiences that lead to the

conjunctions connecting a society.

identity was contrived. What we

creation of new memories.

renaming,

shattered

when

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Mon dessin ne représentait pas un chapeau. J’ai alors dessiné l’intérieur du serpent boa, afin que les grandes personnes puissent comprendre. Elles ont toujours besoin d’explications.

ID EA It is a futile and palliative attempt

which never came to be… Maybe

also is a public space. Its defining

to interfere with Taksim Square

taking it upon us to contemplate

feature in the third dimension is

to solve its problems. At this

on how new experiences can

neither the mosque nor Atatürk

point, rather than developing the

occur here.

Cultural Center (AKM) nor its

area forwards in time with more

In a space like this where every

trees. If there ever were defining

construction

we

corner is filled with memories, in

features, they are the memories.

would like to go backward. We

the core of a metropolis where

We

do not wish to make predictions

every person scampers around

opportunities for this space,

through historical analyses like

like crazy; stopping for a while-

tired and filled to the brim

watching stock market numbers

being able to stop and listen…

with memories, to create new

change and come up with an

Taksim is a public area, with its

memories

argument. Maybe an elegy to that

endless two-dimensionality. It

and

layers,

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propose

to

allow


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C R E AT I N G CO N T I N U OU S S U R FACE New ground that is a space where multiple activities takes place brings vitality and diversity to the space. Mixtures of activities, not separate uses, are the key to successful urban places. New ground is a whole space that is consisted of multiple different kind of place. These topographic ground will supply a proper proportion and human scale for Taksim square. New ground is a “memoryscape� that is generative place.

U R B A N CA N OPY

Designing urban canopy for activities and public services. It creates an attractive path from the street to square. These light structures will complete the square edge to scale square humanized. Under the canopy will be comfort zone. Also this area will be linked to the edge of Gezi Park through people interaction.

S M A RT CI TY Sensors will turn the space what is need according to users data. Mobility is key issue for future smart city.Thus, transformation of the place is most important thought. This sensors will help the space transformation. This lighting sensors will change the space according to function like concert, sport, art etc.

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designing not experienced possibilitties for new memories.

1. Taksim square was well located in a site in which having several accesses to traffic and transportation routes to

and

be

pedestrian

Accessibility

is

close ways. closely

related to mobility. For clean

future,

people’s

transportation habits will be oriented to change for sustainable solutions like cycling. In the square, near the mosque, Grand bicycle park area are proposed to encourage users. 2. Boundary of Gezi Park is identically protected. However, in order to heal of ecological cycle and to increase of user comfort, landscape

restoration

made. 3. Creating sloped area and integration with urban furniture are proposed according to the comfort needs.

Arrangement

the seating elements in squares can affect the social role of square. That is to say, well-organized seats and benches will persuade people to use the square and play a role in social interactions

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SITEPL AN 1/ 10 0 0 D IVE DE D

CU R R E N T

D IVE DE

PR O PO S A L GAT H E R I N G A RT GE N E R ATO R ACT IVI TY ZO N E

T R AN S FO R MAT I O N OF SU R R O U N DE D R OA D S

D O U BL E L A N E

T R I BL E L A N E PR O P O SA L S H A RI N G L A N E PU B L I C T RA N S P ORTAT I ON CYC L I N G R OA D

NEW G R O U ND


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O R GA NIZATION O F T HE WOR K I NG T E AM FO R STAG E 2

CON S U LTA N TS

AUTHO RS

ARC HI TECTU RAL HISTORIA N

A RC HI T ECTS

U R BAN S OCI OLO GIST

L A NDS CAPE AR C HI T ECTS

I NFRA-STRU CTURE SPECIA L IST

CITY PL ANNER

TRANS PORTATI ON SPECIA L IST BI G DATA U R BAN A N A LYSTS C IVI L E NGI NE E R

ASSI STA NT ME MB E RS

ECONOMI ST GR APHI C DE S I G NER

A RC HI T ECTS

LI GHTI NG S PEC IA LIST ( M O OD D ESIGNER)

L A NDS CAPE AR C HI T ECTS

S CU LPTOR

VIS UAL I Z AT I ON S PEC I AL I ST A RC HI T ECTU R AL M ODEL S PEC I AL I ST

Metropol city life is becoming more

sociologist and a big data urban

interaction of the audience is built

intricate

multidisciplinary

analyst to analyze the city and the

on branding, we are thinking of

day by day. It is not enough to

urbanite more qualified and to

working with an economist who

describe

develop the proposed programs.

is considered to be potentially

by a user only with dimensional

We

a

putting a business plan closely with

and

elements.

transportation specialist to analyse

a graphic designer , to eliminate

Considering the leading decisions

current situation with its pros and

the bad image of the Taksim

we made in the first stage, it is

cons and develop a plan to make

square in mind and then to treat

envisaged to take consultancies

it work better and then entegrate

Taksim Square as a brand value.

outside the design discipline so

it

transportation.

Finally, we are planning to work

that users can establish a more

We also plan to work with an

with a lighting designer (mood

qualified

infrastructure

to

designer) and a sculptor for the

rainwater

plastic arts that will exist in the area

and

a

space

experienced

programmatic

relationship

with

the

plan

with

to

work

public

with

specialist

square. First of all, we plan to work

ensure

with an architectural historian to

management,

of

as complementary elements, in

better understand the historical

structural elements, and lighting

order to transform the area into a

texture of the area and to improve

infrastructure are well prepared.

qualified urban space.

the

In

design

in

this

direction.

We plan to work with a urban

that

today’s

professions

water,

protection

world, appear

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where

new

and

the


LOADI N G FO R N EW MEMO R I ES WI T H S MART CI TY

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city of layers

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