ZBLROX42
biz ISTANBUL a design proposal for the heart of Istanbul Taksim Square, Gezi Park and surroundings
ZBLROX42
Demokrasi dünyanın en narin çiçeğidir. Onu yaşatan hoşgörüdür, uzlaşıdır, diyalogtur. Democracy is the most delicate flower in the world. It is tolerance, compromise and dialogue that make it alive. Mehmet Ali Birand
Prelude Taksim Square. For us, the beginning and end of many things, their intersection, separation, combination... This mighty square contains Istanbul in itself, both spiritually and corporally. The past is remembered and the future is envisioned in here. The life gathered here is pumped to the whole city from here. Besides, culture, tourism, and art mostly rise from here. Taksim Square belongs to this city more than any other part of the city. Any city planning to be carried out here will concern and shape first its close surroundings, then the whole city, and at last, entire Turkey. Taksim is the memory of the Republic of Turkey. The past has been remembered and forgotten here. Taksim, which is in the center of the city and the center of interest, has repeatedly been subjected to constantly forced interventions, often deliberate deterioration. It is a scratch paper of afflicted thoughts who want to leave their mark. Taksim is the brain, and wherever coercion comes from, eventually it takes the public influence on its memory. Actually, Taksim consists of the totality of experiences that occurs in it. Taksim is a place shaped with the public over time. Taksim’s spatial ratios and spirit have deteriorated because the people who made change in the Taksim inadequately were deaf to social facts, public interest, and its requests. In the end, Taksim fell into a state of being undefined and meaningless space. The public describes it as a huge concrete void. With this work, in light of the analyzes, surveys, and readings, a large number of big and small problems have been identified. And these findings are melted in the same pot with public memory, the condition and importance of location in history and present, the necessity of its recreation and evolution. As a result, work for public space arrangement was prepared that would serve the future of Istanbul and Istanbulites. In the city planning that was made in the first years of the Republic, Taksim Square was chosen as the representative place of the new Republic and the monument built by Pietro Canonica also the symbol of the young republic. After this moment, the square and monument were the permanent representatives of the free Turkish People. When the dark clouds dissipate, our path always goes to the republic and, of course, to its monument. Gezi Park was planned by Henry Proust as the entrance gate of a public space system that joins the square and continues to the beach. Because of this, Congress Valley, Maçka Park, and Gezi Park should be considered as a whole entity. This public space was divided by vehicle roads and subsequent structures. Although the vehicle roads and the buildings constructed afterward have divided this public system, the areas have continued to be public spaces, albeit relatively disconnected from each other. The main decisions of the approach were shaped within the frame of eliminating these disconnections and interpretations were made regarding the current situation of the city and future needs. This public system is a kind of a backyard of Istanbul’s recollection. It is the natural center of touristic and night events, which is a strong link to districts such as Fatih, Eyüp, Üsküdar, which are located between Şişli-Beşiktaş-Beyoğlu Districts. Unfortunately, this characteristic could not be interpreted and processed correctly by the decision-makers. Apart from the microhabitats that have grown inside itself, the area is composed of vehicle roads and intersections and has been mangled by incorrectly planned tunnel entrances and through which highway-wide roads pass; leaving an unrealized dream behind. The existence of living and functioning cities is possible only through unity and sharing. Looking at this, the city and democracy are mirrors that reflect pluralism to each other. We cannot say that a city is a place consisting of the areas separated by walls (like gated comunity) and the roads connecting them. If this is the case, it is similar to molehills connected by tunnels. Public spaces and urban environments can be created only by feeding them; they can only exist with the concepts of communication, permeability, the balance of borders, pluralism, accessibility, and public memory. Within the framework of certain principles in the study, the main principles of the Proust plan are followed. It is aimed to create a large public space that operates within itself and is also connected by strong bonds and it includes the important historical structures, cultural facilities, tourism facilities such as Maçka Park, Congress Valley, Dolmabahçe Front as well as İnönü Stadium, Kabataş-Fındıklı-Tophane-Karaköy Galataport region. Parks other than Gezi Park have not been touched and no major intervention has been made to the parks except their surrounding arrangements. The main solution to save our city is single and simple: Public transport and cycling. Istanbul has already passed the point where urban life can be sustainable by using cars. Individual vehicles complicate community life inextricably. Today’s motor vehicles constantly produce poisonous gas, noise, and visual pollution, walls that are drawn by car’s high speed in between urban areas . Millions of vehicles fold these problems beyond their numbers, turning the issue into an apocalyptic rehearsal. The future is in a world without fossil-fueled personal vehicles. Approaches in this regard are based on strengthening public transportation, bicycle road network and adapting it to the city, and producing technological and feasible solutions for the future. Solutions to both encourage bicycle transportation and increase comfort by bicycle transportation, as the usage rate increases, the factors that will produce flexible solutions to the issue are emphasized. For example, in very steep slope areas where the slope makes bicycle transportation difficult, a bicycle escalator system, which is frequently used in countries where bicycle transportation is popular, has been proposed. The opportunities to use are enriched with rental systems such as use-and-leave at your stop. To supply the variety of usage scenarios, suffice and operation of systems such as electric bike or normal bike, electric scooters, etc. are proposed. At nodes like squares, setting up bicycle parks that can store many bikes at the same time is proposed. The system will be intelligent and fully automated, and their capacity will be increased as the prevalence of personal bicycle use increases. The storage system will be located underground, and there will be a system on the ground where you only get or deliver the bike. In addition to bicycles and public transport, an autonomous electric carrier system is proposed as a new solution to the handicaps of the narrow and complex road system in the region, which can be used modularly according to the number of people. These systems, which have a low utilization rate today, will form the backbone of the main transportation needs of the following years. Vehicles to be kept in warehouses spread over the area will strengthen the transportation system by serving at intervals that public transportation cannot operate. This system, which is interconnected with the center and each other, will be called by the user with the GPS based phone application. After the guest is transported to the desired location, the vehicle will arrive at the queued user, the warehouse for charging or maintenance, or at the possible summoning zone to be standby for the next call. Huge buses (IETT, Havatas, etc) waiting in Taksim and its surroundings, like a shanty until the departure time, will be gathered at the bus station which under Cumhuriyet Street. This station has been reimagined and developed in the proposed design. During the waiting period,, the comfort of both passengers and drivers was prioritized, and a main stop was planned underground with supporting functions. An inner courtyard opening to the exterior was created and a waiting and travel planning unit was added to this area. Language and the physical environment are the basis of carrier elements of social culture and memory. Besides, visual, auditory, and written arts are very important concepts for sustaining social days, meetings, holidays, festivities in a democratic and civilized way. Of course, Taksim Square and its surroundin-
gs, which is the brain of social memory is a place that contains related memory concepts in certain proportions. The study aims to strengthen the weakened relationships between these spaces and concepts with the touches that rearrange them, to complete the memory by filling the gaps between them in the light of the analyzes, and to do it with a restoration effort that preserves the main principles. Strengthening the physical and perceptual bond between existing museums, concert venues, theater halls, libraries, schools, public transport nodes will make a very positive contribution to the polyphony of our public space, which is the brain of pluralism. It is aimed to adopt and internalize the space and make a positive contribution to the strengthening of social memory by increasing the probability that everyone will find a piece of themselves. The past status of the square and its surroundings have been questioned from printed media, books, Pervititch Maps, German Blues, insurance maps, and similar sources. The findings have been filtered through today’s society and needs, and firstly, it has been tried to eliminate proportion disorders, dead areas, continuity cuts in the physical environment. The most important reason that pushed Taksim Square into unidentifiability was determined as the loss of physical occupancy rates on the date it was designed. For this reason, the traces of the old setup played an important role in the new spatial setup. Sculptures, stairs, the sloping structure of the park, the main orientations of the park and square, the connection style with the city environment have been preserved. Various direct and indirect interactions have been provided to enable the public to exist in the space as a participating and experiencer subject. The simplest of these is that the works that do not require technical knowledge, such as watering the grass, can be done by the public within the plans that are followed and managed. Softwares and artificial intelligence will be used to make necessary arrangements in this subject. In today’s world where sociability is trapped on the phone screen, bringing public spaces and technology together is essential and inevitable. Taksim is also a space for representation and mass gatherings. The square has been handled in such a way that it can gather millions of people and discharge them when necessary. In light of this, vehicle tunnel entrances, which form bottlenecks at the entrances and exits, have been reconsidered and the entrances have been shifted to places where the slope and environment such as Harbiye, Dolapdere, KabataĹ&#x; may be more suitable for positioning such constitution. In these works, it is aimed to minimize bottlenecks, interruptions in the city environment, and the negative impact on the aesthetics of the city. Surface roads in the region have been rethinked of priority for pedestrians and bicycle and public transportation opportunities have been strengthened. The roads were left open to vehicle traffic to ensure the continuity of commercial, cultural, touristic and accommodation activities in the region. Transit roads passing through the region pass underground without contact to the region. The representation and symbolic aspect of the space has been tried to be strengthened with the walking axes unobstructed to the Republic Monument and the formation of environmental fiction by taking the Republic Monument at the center. The place has a sense of respect for the republic, as if it wants to overcome the pain of the days we were deprived of here. And of course, whatever we do, all roads lead to the republic.
ZBLROX42
festival canopy scaffolding festival at Cumhuriyet St.
green amphitheater - yamaç
outdoor sculpture exhibition
stream - devir
water games
scaffolding
child park
lakeside
coffee kiosk
food and beverage
swing plain
Ä°stiklal St. bicycle bridge
water pylons
ZBLROX42
Duy
Arasta of Lüleburgaz’s Plan
tarlabaşı bulvarının ticaret aksı cumhuriyet caddesi boyunca devamlılığı
Forum of Caesar’s Plan
CUMHURİYET CADDESİNİN DEVAMLILIĞI
On both sides of Cumhuriyet Street, to strengthen the perspective effect of the street’s axis, to provide a focused and systematic movement to regular demonstrations and walks, and to serve as a canopy or a tent on normal days, we consrtucted rectangular elements that has dimensions of 7 meters by 9 meters. These elements enhanced with plants to contribute to the microclimate and the perceptual richness of the space. The elements collect and store rainwater to support water cycle of the area. The elements that is next to Gezi Park are connected to the park with short bridges and used as an extension of the park that is a place to sit by people. The street will be the central axis of the festivals and the fair events in the region, so these elements that form semi-open spaces are important.
MEYDANIN SINIRLANDIRILMASI
meydanın merkezinin ve sınırlarının belirlenmesi
Since Cumhuriyet Park is located at the upper level, it can be difficult to perceive the green system from Cumhuriyet Street that has commercial buildings on both sides. For this reason, the street will be planted as continuation of the park. Since there are transportation structures at a lower level of Cumhuriyet Street, the planting will be made with integrated or portable pot systems. In the intersections of the street and other main axes, square-like joints have been created. For example, arrangements have been made at the intersection of the axis coming from Atatürk Library.
Commercial Promenade Proposal
Canopies from Cumhuriyet Street
The subway exit in Gezi Park has been revoked. This exit was rearranged to go directly to the Cumhuriyet Street as an exit following the secondary platform exit of the subway line.
ZBLROX42
Clock Tower
Gezi Park Bicycle Bridge
AKM Subway Entrance
Pavements of Gezi Park
History Of Democracy Museum
Water Feature From Front of Maksem
Yamaรง
Cumhuriyet Street
ZBLROX42
L.K. Exhibi�on Center Istanbul Congress Center C. T. Open Air Theatre TRT
Hilton
Recreation Park Küçükçi�lik Park
Bridge Park Obelisk
ITUMaçka
Swiss Hotel
Talimhane
Entrance Park
Gezi Park
Taksim
Tarlabaşı St.
Beşiktaş Pier
Macka Park
İnönü Stadium Atatürk Library
Beşiktaş Pier Dolmabahçe Palace
Scenery Park
Dolmabahçe Square
AKM
Dolmabahçe Mosque
Kabataş Pier
Seaside Park
Galata High School
İs�klal St. Mimar Sinan Fine Art Uni.
Şişhane Park
Galata Tower
Galataport
Autonomous Carrier Route Example Bicycle Route Underground Motorroad
Karaköy
Electrical Trackless Trolley Underground Motorroad Şişhane Entry Underground Motorroad Dolapdere Entry Underground Motorroad Harbiye Entry Underground Motorroad Maçka Entry Underground Motorroad İnönü Entry
ZBLROX42 By collecting all kinds of buses around Taksim Square, a bus stop and a bus waiting area will be created where the area will be relaxed. This system will be 2 floors. There will be long-term waiting place, vehicle maintenance station and personnel resting rooms on the first floor, and short waiting place and hop-on hop-off stops on the second floor. Tarlabaşı direction of the stop, which is strangely getting narrow, was moved towards Cumhuriyet Caddesi. The main axis of the road was reorganized as a light bow, tangent to the initial level of the Gezi Parkı. The necessary area has been created to locate the Tarlabaşı Direction stop. A large waiting and information area with a courtyard with sunshine, directly connected with the earth, is planned. Airport shuttles and coach buses will also be stored here and they will start the movement from here. The station’s opposite stops are connected by a system of ramps where buses that will go both in the direction of Tarlabaşı and in the direction of Beşiktaş-harbiye can go under the road and go to the opposite stop. These ramps also helps to go down and go up from downstairs. Metro-Finucular and Bus Stations were tried to be connected to each other in a useful and powerful way. While the pedestrian continued to move on the same route, the absurdities such as climbing the stairs and then going down were removed. This combined station was also planned as part of the proposed History Museum. The entrances and exits of all stations were constructed together and strongly. The existing metro exit inside the Gezi park has been canceled. While there is such a beautiful park outside, it is not nice to pass through the tunnel from below. Maximum attention was paid to the fire issue when planning connections and exits. The exits were created with an attitude that completes the space and enriches the experience with different perspectives. The exits were saved from being in an undefined space in the middle of the square and placed at the intersection edges of the square and Gezi Park, which is also the difference of elevation. Redefining the intersection interface that had to be resolved played a big role in taking this attitude. This also facilitated the identification, orientation and identification of the outputs. An exit leading directly to the Republic Monument, an exit at the intersection of the AKM, an intersection of the square and the park, an exit opening to the Cumhuriyet street was designed. Primarily, 2 secondary exits were designed, which feed the Tarlabaşı direction of the bus station.
R
L
Ü
K
Y
O
L
U
C U M H U R İ Y E T
G
Ü
Y
Z
Ö M
E Ç
E
D A
N
Ğ
İ
D
Y
A
E
Ş
L K H A
O
L
U
T
L
I K
Y
O
L
U
L U Y O
Y O L U K U R T U L U Ş
S
T
İ
K
L
A
L
A T A T Ü R K
İ
The ceremony area is fed by various radial axles that reach the space without interruption and without interruption. These axes are perpendicular to the Ceremonial Area at the center of the Monument. The main of these ways are: 1-Cumhuriyet Yolu coming from Cumhuriyet Street. 2-Freedom Road that passes through Gezi Park. 3-Starting from the AKM square, passing the border of Gezi Önü from Ataturk Road. 4- Kurtuluş Yolu starting from Tophane and coming from Sıraselviler street. The reason why we give this name to this axle is this: The end point of our War of Independence, which is the basis of the declaration of our Republic and our salvation, has been successfully put in the Treaty of Mudanya. Since this axis, which came by following Sıraselviler Street, came from an imaginary axis direction coming from Mudanya district towards the monument, we named Kurtuluş Yolu. In addition, the Public Road, which passes directly from the subway exit and comes from the center of Gezi Önü, and the Civilization Road from the Stairs of Gezi Park descending towards Gezi Önü. The axes coming from Abdülhak Hamit Street and Şehit Muhtar Bey Street by Talimhane pass through the passages under Yamaç and go directly to the Ceremony Area.
Y O L U
Metro exit in Gezi Park has been canceled. This exit was rearranged to go directly to the republic street as an exit following the secondary platform exit of the metro line.
Y O L U
ZBLROX42
KabataĹ&#x; Pier
Streets of Talimhane
ZBLROX42
ASANSÖR
ASANSÖR
BUS PARK DRIVER REST AREA
M2ZS8 M2ZK8 C.O.P.
RAMP DOWN TO BUS WAITING AREA
TARLABASI DIRECTION BUS STOP
ASANSÖR
ASANSÖR 71.16
M2ZS8 M2ZK8 C.O.P.
SISLI DIRECTION BUS STOP
ZBLROX42
Istanbul Bicycle Highway Network Proposal
Main Principles • The route should be as close as possible to the main roads and public transport axes, and often intersect.
Approximately Total 1100 km(for only main paths)
• In order to keep distance from noise, exhaust gas and turmoil, the bicycle path should be at a certain distance from the main motorized access roads where possible.
Adapting Varieties of Bicycle Roads
• Traffic safety of roads should be ensured and lighting needs should be designed in integration with renewable resource. • Roads should be connected to each other and local settlements by connective axles. • Roads should be designed in accordance with emergencies, waiting, entry and exit. • Systems must be robust, require minimum maintenance and repair. • Depending on the weather conditions, the elements that can act as a canopy and raincoat should be considered, and be able to adapt to different scenarios. • There should be stopping areas, resting areas, charging stations, emergency medical intervention units, maintenance units, bicycle parks and supporting units like these on the routes. • For example, if it is necessary to cross the Bosphorus at points without bridges, practical solutions should be made such as constructing a ferry line consisting of frequent and small vehicles. • Perfectionism and vanity should be avoided, routes should be built and operated in coordination with local units. • In cases where the existing road and settlement conditions do not allow to construct a bicycle path, the route should be maintained using systems like steel bridges till the nearest place where ensures proper conditions. • All systems should be developable according to the L.K. Exhibi�on Center requirements and technologies of the future. Istanbul Congress Center C. T. Open Air Theatre TRT
Hilton
Recreation Park Macka Park
After the bicycle infrastructure has developed and got more comfort, we expect bicycle to enter Istanbul people’s everyday life. That’s why we constructed bicycle roads and city life intersections in a not confusing way. Beşiktaş Pier
There will be a very large number of bicycles in and out in Taksim, which will collect and distribute the bicycle transportation axis from Bridge Park many directions. There is always a significant pedestrian density in ITUMaçka and around Taksim. We wanted to organize the intersecting of peopSwiss Hotel Obelisk le who will be in the area on foot and the cyclists in a way that does Talimhane not interfere with each other. We built a delicate bicycle bridge that İnönü Stadium Beşiktaş Pier Entrance Park Atatürk Library passes through various views and various areas of Gezi Park. This not Dolmabahçe Palace only helped us to regulate the slope structure of the route, but also Gezi Park Scenery Park offered pedestrians and cyclists good perspectives from interesting Dolmabahçe Square AKM encounters. Bikes stand as long as they move. The smooth flow we Dolmabahçe provide Mosque is a metaphor that refers to this fact. At the same time, we constructed this bridge as a sculpture constantly exists next to us. This also made the existence and importance of the concept of cycling permanent in our minds. Kabataş Pier Küçükçi�lik Park
Taksim
.
Seaside Park
Galata High School
al St. Mimar Sinan Fine Art Uni.
Galataport
Autonomous Carrier Route Example Underground Bicycle Parking System Underground Bicycle Parking System Bicycle Route
Bicycle Escalator
Underground Motorroad Electrical Trackless Trolley
The opportunities to use are enriched with rental systems such as Underground Motorroad EntryTo supply the variety of usage scenarios, use-and-leave at Şişhane your stop. suffice and operation of systems Underground Motorroad Dolapdere Entry such as electric bike or normal bike, electric scooters, etc. are proposed. At nodes like squares, setting Underground Motorroad Harbiye Entry up bicycle parks that can store many bikes at the same time is proUnderground Motorroad Maçka posed. The system willEntry be intelligent and fully automated, and their capacity will be increased as the prevalence of personal bicycle use Underground Motorroad İnönü Entry increases. The storage system will be located underground, and there Underground Bicycle Parking System will be a system on the ground where you only get or deliver the bike.
ZBLROX42
All spaces are built based on the human scale. Large empty spaces that distort human perception are divided and the pieces are connected to each other with permeable borders. The square is divided into three main parts; the Ceremony Area, front of Gezi Park, and AKM Square. These pieces are connected to each other with uninterrupted ways.
Tören Alanı
Gezi Önü
AKM Square
The edge of the square that next to The Marmara Hotel is bordered with two rows of vertical growing trees. Such a bordering has created the sense of confined space, while preventing the connection with the surroundings breaking.
30°
When one looks in one direction standing still, he can see within an angle of 10-11 degrees clearly, he sees the rest gradually fading. The human eye constantly moves and clear viewing angle 30 degrees vertically and 60 degrees horizontally.
5° 12° 60°
22m
33m Vertical Viewpoint While the Ceremonial Area was being construc44m ted, the perceptual relationship that people would establish with the Republic Monument was arranged Horizental Viewpoint Republic Monument in order to ensure that every passing from the place will be appreciating the precious republic. The monument itself puts the first borders of the Ceremony Area with its surroundings with the landscape arrangement on the ground. This border is a circle with a radius of approximately 23 meters that centers the monument. This circle is approximately at the border where the perception of the monument as a whole ends and the perception of the details begins. The second stage limitation is in the circle where the perception of the monument as a whole with its surroundings begins. h h
h
2h
Closest Holistic Sensing Distance
4h
The farthest sensing with the immediate surroundings
3h
The farthest holistic sensing distance and the starting distance of sensing with the immediate surroundings
The next stage boundaries are starting from 33m distance and going to the 45m border and they defines the area where the perception of the monument with the environment as a whole can be done. After 45 meters, the monument begins to fade away. It becomes weak in terms of presence and loses its importance. We placed columns that will both provide permeabilityand sense of closedness to the 45 meter radius circle. This provided two things: 1. Ensured that the main movement in the place was made without breaking the relation with the monument. 2. The farthest distance which the eye of the observer in the Ceremony Area would focus, is within the limits we wanted.
ZBLROX42 Taksim Square and Surrounding Taksim Square, like many squares in the world, is at the center of culture, tourism and trade.This causes numerous people to visit or passing by Taksim Square every day. This situation naturally resulted in the fact that the square is a transportation hub. With the city’s population growing too high, this powerful feature of Taksim Square has turned into a nightmare. People often arrive in Taksim by public transport as a strong transportation is created with the metro, funicular and bus. Motor vehicle road passing through Taksim is mostly used to transit the region, only a small part of the vehicles making up the traffic is here to use the region. For this reason, it is not necessary and beneficial for vehicles transiting in contact with the region. Beyoğlu is a region with a high tourist, commercial, historical and social value. Tarlabaşı Boulevard that has an entrance structure in the size of the entrance to the Bolu mountain tunnel, splits the region from the heart like a wall. This situation separates the two areas socio-culturally. Since the transit vehicles are likely to cause problems in every region where they will be transferred, the existing underground road has been extended in all directions and integrated into the city system. The entrance and exit structures were integrated in the urban texture as much as possible using the possibilities of the slope and the environment. The axis coming from the Historical Peninsula by crossing the Unkapanı Bridge and goes to underground near ŞişhanePark in terms of its suitability to integrate the slope’s entrance and exit structures into the region and the ease and functionality of integration into existing vehicle road structures there. Connections from the entrance and exit directions are arranged to improve the operability of the roads in the region. The entrance of Taksim Underground Vehicle Road from Harbiye direction will be shifted towards the front of TRT building in order not to prevent the passage of the part of Gezi Park behind the divan hotel to Cumhuriyet Street. Traffic will be constructed parallel to each other underground; entrances and exits will be given to each other at a certain distance, not side by side. In this way, the road width will be preserved. A recreation axis fed by bicycle paths will pass over these exit structures. An outlet of the underground road system will also be at cabinetdere street, which nourishes its surroundings.
? 6 lane ?!
5 lane ?!
The entrance of Taksim Underground Vehicle Road from Harbiye direction will be shifted towards the front of TRT building in order not to prevent the passage of the part of Gezi Park behind the divan hotel to Cumhuriyet Street. Traffic will be constructed parallel to each other underground; entrances and exits will be given to each other at a certain distance, not side by side. In this way, the road width will be preserved. A recreation axis fed by bicycle paths will pass over these exit structures. An outlet of the underground road system will also be at cabinetdere street, which nourishes its surroundings. As a result, the region will be cleared of traffic generated by transit vehicles and transformed into a qualified public space, where many important functions are fed and these functions are strongly linked. As given at the beginning of the study, the green axis to be created in the light of the Proust Plan principles by clearing the heavy traffic, starting from side of Karaköy, linearly Tarlabaşı Boulevard, followed by Gezi Park and Taksim Square, then Atatürk Library and Atatürk Cultural Center and its surroundings. Starting from Harbiye region, it includes Maçka Park, İnönü Stadium, Dolmabahçe Palace and its front, and from there, Kabataş, Fındıklı and Galataport. This wide public space nourishes all Istanbul, especially Beyoğlu-Beşiktaş-Karaköy-Üsküdar-Şişli, with strong transportation opportunities. Taksim Square, like many squares in the world, is at the center of culture, tourism and trade.This causes numerous people to visit or passing by Taksim Square every day. This situation naturally resulted in the fact that the square is a transportation hub. With the city’s population growing too high, this powerful feature of Taksim Square has turned into a nightmare. People often arrive in Taksim by public transport as a strong transportation is created with the metro, funicular and bus. Motor vehicle road passing through Taksim is mostly used to transit the region, only a small part of the vehicles making up the traffic is here to use the region. For this reason, it is not necessary and beneficial for vehicles transiting in contact with the region. Beyoğlu is a region with a high tourist, commercial, historical and social value. Tarlabaşı Boulevard that has an entrance structure in the size of the entrance to the Bolu mountain tunnel, splits the region from the heart like a wall. This situation separates the two areas socio-culturally. Since the transit vehicles are likely to cause problems in every region where they will be transferred, the existing underground road has been extended in all directions and integrated into the city system. The entrance and exit structures were integrated in the urban texture as much as possible using the possibilities of the slope and the environment. The axis coming from the Historical Peninsula by crossing the Unkapanı Bridge and goes to underground near ŞişhanePark in terms of its suitability to integrate the slope’s entrance and exit structures into the region and the ease and functionality of integration into existing vehicle road structures there. Connections from the entrance and exit directions are arranged to improve the operability of the roads in the region.
As a result, the region will be cleared of traffic generated by transit vehicles and transformed into a qualified public space, where many important functions are fed and these functions are strongly linked.
Map of the Undergrund Motorway
ZBLROX42
FROM UCE ELECTRICITY WHICH CAN PROD GY KIT ROAD. ER EN S CE EN FER PRESSURE DIF N ROUTES IN ACTIVE TRANSITIO IT WILL BE PLACED
ELS SOLAR ENERGY PAN YCLE FLOOR DESIGNED FOR BIC
ECT OF MICROCLIMATE EFF D SOİL WATER, GREEN AN
CONDITION ELECTRIC STORAGE MASS WITH AUTOMATED GY AND SOLAR ENER TRANSPORT SYSTEM
HEAVY METAL CLEANER PLANTS
R
ATE
HE
L
ETA
M AVY
E
LAK
TS LAN
ER P
AN CLE
NW RAİ
K
LEA
ERN
CIST A
MP
PO
ER
FILT
IRRIGATION
ZBLROX42
Shaping and Formation of the Landscape Unfortunately, Istanbul is a city where there is very little green space per person. One of our general approaches was to expand the green area as much as possible, and to help people get away from the built environment. For this reason, while arranging green areas, the event called overdesigning was avoided as much as possible. In addition to increasing the amount of green area in square meters, the park’s relationship with the city in terms of atmosphere was reinterpreted. Gezi Park is not an area where people come from far away. Someone in Beşiktaş will not go to Gezi Park but sit and go to Maçka Park. The new planning proposal made in the footsteps of the Ki Proust Plan strengthens the relationship of these parks. It combines in a sense. Gezi Park is usually a stop and a short waiting point for the residents of its close surroundings and the people coming to Taksim area. This visit is perhaps an escape from the sweltering urban fabric to green, perhaps to get rid of work stress and discharge for the continuation of the day. In any case, visitors come to experience the works of nature. The comfort space and ecosystem created by green is the antidote to our chaotic city. Gezi Park is a park that has a high hard floor ratio and has been tamed to exceed the expectations of today’s people. The work carried out preserves and improves the relationship of the park with its environment as it is almost, but it makes serious changes in the internal structure of the park. The first decision was born out of the need of the region for water features. Since Taksim is among the dense building, its microclimate has turned into a sweltering environment. Large water features have been designed to soften this feature and filter the noise from the environment with water sound. The slope structure of the park, which is raised from the edges and descends towards the middle and provides isolation from the external environment, was preserved. A lake was added to the bottom of the valley bowl. The form of the lake was created to disturb the fewest trees. The trees transported are very small seedlings and relatively new and small trees. We have designed the flowing water features like our life and feelings as a metaphor about communal memory. The water rising above the AKM metro exit like a geyser symbolizes the existence of life and life with all its enthusiasm. The reason why this enthusiasm of our instant Yaşam is located on the metro exit is that the metro exit witnesses the beginning and end of what happened here. Doesn’t your excitement swell like a waterfall when you come here? We named it “Yaşam” for these connections we established to this geyser. The waters rising from Hayat, fall into the pool again and descend to the park level as a thin curtain. From there, it begins to flow down to the lower level of the park quietly. This flow continues on 2 different routes. As long as Yaşam exists somehow, it continues its existence and movement in different dimensions by producing various ways in moments. We named this stream “Devir” where Yaşam continues its existence and movement. Yaşam, born in the same way, continues its movement throughout 2 different periods and fills in the “Anı” lake. The moment is a representation of our collective memory. Stable. It is quiet. The surroundings of Anı Lake are designed as a natural amphitheater whose slope continues to the shore of the lake. This is a forum, togetherness and gathering area. Devir Creek is a recreation area where people will interact directly with water. The location of the playground has not been changed. It will be re-planned according to the pedagogue recommendations. The location of the cafeteria in Gezi Park has not been changed, it has been developed and included in the park system. The roads inside the park are a flow shaped according to the natural slope. There was no need for a major intervention to the bridge connecting the two parts of Gezi Park. Only dried grass coating should be rearranged. Expansion of the park
Formation of the Park
ZBLROX42
The main circulation and intersection line of the square is kept within the holistic perception range and the perception of the monument and the values it symbolizes by the pedestrians using the square is simplified and strengthened. Firstly, this will make spatial perception and sense of beloning strengthen again. Then it will remind us of the republic that the place represents again. The venue is not designed to be used only on national holidays and ceremonies but to influence at every interaction with the place at any moment. The outer boundaries of this ring are designed in a way that it can provide a permeable relationship with the environment of the Ceremony Area. This border basically consists of 2 rows of columns that salute the Republic Monument. The region between these columns is allocated as a displaying and activity area that is connected to each side directly. The construction around the square and Gezi Park has been dramatically disconnected and differentiated from the situation of the square when it was formed. The scale distortions that this constructions made has overturned the square. Planning has been done in a way to eliminate this distortions. Pervititch Maps and other old mapping studies played an important role in shaping the surroundings of the Monument and Cumhuriyet Street axis.
Talimhane District side borders of the Monument Area is based on the old borders of “Kristal Gazinosu” that does not exist now. AKM and Gezi Park side borders are based on Topçu Kışlası stables’ old borders which was cut to make a proper square in the past. All these borders are rearranged and reinterpreted. Buildings prepared as a result of Kristal Casino these rearrangments are created not in an absolute and solid manner but in a way that it can be integrated into the current state of the region, creating public open spaces. We named the area which rises softly with the steps and ramps formed at the Talimhane side boundary of the Ceremony Area “The Slope”. The Slope starts from the Republic Monument level and it rises in the direction of Talimhane and captures the texture of the city. The Slope’s own geologic structure and people’s orientation during the usage is a tribute to the Republic Monument.
Yamaç Anyone can easily climb The Slope because it has low slope ramps. There is a terrace area and a cafeteria that supplies the whole Slope at the top level of The Slope. Indoor spaces at the ground level of the high parts of the slope, facing the Cumhuriyet Avenue, Talimhane, Maksem serves as commercial and cultural areas and feeds its environment. WCs and other service areas can be found at the inner passages under the slope. The part of the Ceremonial Square facing the corner of Gezi Park was planned in line with the design principles we defined in the whole narrative, by also taking advantage of the difference of elevation. At this position, a shop that displays and sells printed material, called "Republic Bookstore" facing the Monument. The edge of the Gezipark that next to Cumhuriyet Street is shifted toward the street and the scale of the street is tried to decrease to a rational level. Indoor areas are created under this edge, taking advantage of altitude difference between the park and the street. This places are dedicated for trade, culture, food and cafeteria units that support aliveness and importance of the street that is converted into a recreation axis. In order to create equal opportunities in service to the people, there should be food and beverage shops operated with low prices by the municipality. Of these decisions While giving of these decisions, the Roman Forums, the Arastas and other commercial center structures were examined and the path was made in the light of these.