5_5K71M386

5K71M386

T A K S I M

DEMOCRACY AND

TECHNOLOGY

technology as a typewriter to manufacture public space: *survey and calculation of atmospheric and topographic conditions **infrastructures are coded with data ***city is refabricated as a digital entity ****city becomes accessible, re-programmable and continuously re-coded with data

INFRASTRUCTURE

*a network of invisible goods

-prio

TAKSIM AS A

HYPERFIELD SQUARE FOR ALL water

rly r estr icte d by the aut hor itie sbe co me sa

pa rt

of th ec om mo ns .

COMMONS [1] infrastructure system becoming commons - open access - as a political stance ECOLOGY [2] services sharing flows of energy and resources

taksim’s code in shared- and individual memory + current and historical arteries taksim as a topography of opportunities

SQUARE FOR NONE

questioning taksim’s belonging as a square of convergence (acquisition, transfer and dispersion) through its tangled relations

democratizat ion of

landscape

the squ are: k nowle dge

ry mo me

gas

PARTICIPATION involvement of all actors of Taksim how it can become a part of a participatory design process

experienced and designed life coming together as visible and invisible transfers of knowledge produce spaces in which the capital and subjects contact interface that enhance the study of change through time, shift between scales and multiple programs

ion

electricity

t tic ac emocra participation as a d

pods as game-makers: the invisible relation of systems make the hyperfield visible via planes, boundaries, networks, connections, control and exposure mechanisms while involving all actors in the operation of the square, especially the user and the infrastructural arteries

DIGITAL

ANALOGUE

main pods (on 20*20 grid) documentation and collective production of knowledge:

documentation of being in Taksim, customization of events and networks, sharing of the collected data with the users

sharing of the knowledge:

S

2

processing of the collected data in the living lab near the square, redelivering them to the users via a digital interface

main pods (on 20*20 grid) + sub-pods (on *5 grid, when necessary) nodes of infrastructure

dissolve on the square while facilitating the circulation between layers

living lab:engenders a participation-based discussion environment for the sake of the city’s future

telegram

metro

tram

PODS FOR PRODUCING A NEW LAYER OF INFRASTRUCTURE

TAKSIM AS AN EXPERIMENTAL FIELD FOR THE CREATION OF A PUBLIC SPACE ACCESSIBLE BY EVERYONE

water fountain wifi-charging stations sensors collecting physical data holes connecting layer on- and below- the surface information screens lighting units seating units infrastructure for temporary spaces

S 2 aims to reveal the

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2. infrastructure.and.cities Forces acting upon societies, that similarly form public spaces, are also shaped through these mathematical ideals aforementioned. The city is refabricated as a digital entity while it is structurally planned as its atmospheric and topographic conditions are surveyed and calculated. Technology forms the city to new structuralisms through infrastructures coded via related data. Thus, to know a city is to know its infrastructures and set of relations which helped it form.

As these relations are s e t explicit, the city becomes accessible, re-programmable and is continuously re-coded in the frame of set data. The city emerges as linked

1 .2

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1. from data to city “Ideal” planning strives to base its raison d’étre on scientific, namely mathematical and cartesian, phenomena. In its modus operandi, “ideal” planning strips the users of their subjective dynamics through sensory perceptions in favor of the possibility to immerse and impress masses through set mathematical ideals. Technology, the science of making itself, becomes a typewriter to manufacture public spaces.

S

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1. h i s t o r y of Ta ks i m’s 3. linked assemblies i n f r a s t r u c t u r e s An essential layer of linked Dersaadet Water Management Comassemblies which defines pany provides the first tap water to city-making is infraPera by procuring it from Terkos, structural systems. transferring it and distributing it via However, the impact of Taksim. Procurement of water in infrastructural sysTerkos becomes a crisis for the villagtems on built environers around the area. Transferring on an 1 dc ment formation and its water via infrastructures have it y e vo l u t i o n public effect are often brought water closer to the urbanite neglected. Local authorities tend to while taking it away from the locals(4). draw planning decisions that are ironUrbanization have not picked up pace ically central and lacking any feedprior to the pressurization, procureback from the urbanite. Inframent, transfer and distribution of structures, a network of invisible fresh water from Terkos. As other goods by definition, cannot be infrastructure such as gas and teleaccessed by the public. This graph were included besides water a closed loop forces the ruling lines in the arteries which helped im 3 : e i n g v a i s ible n im of the invisible by an rapid urbanization around etw ork sa nd absolute authority. In Pera, it became the fo order to construct a modern urban center democratic society, with great strides in commons (Nature modern municipal (air, water, land) + s e r v i c e s .

Knowledge + GeWith the establishnetics + Culture) ment of the Sixth should have open District, urban lightaccess and they ing, cleaning and waste disposal sermerely need to be (2) vices were provided in regulated . n ne tw addition to the other infraor ks and formation 2 c a p il a structures. Taksim, as the 4. infrastructure r ur b a n i s m name suggests, became a central e c o l o g i e s transfer and distribution point for As the distribution of commons is sewage, water, telegraph, tram and that of a political stance, accessibility gas lines due to its proximity with to infrastructures and its continuity Pera, royal court (Dolmabahçe), and as well as their explicit exposition also nearby Bosphorus villages(5). become political attributes. Access to infrastructure and data become the Water establishes Taksim as a geopo(3) rights of every actor of the city . litically important point in urban setInfrastructure, an ever-progressing ting, as the main transfer and distribution point of an system on which the city is established, presents an ecology as essential resource to infrastructure ecology. These the urbanites. The ecologies are co-located square has develservices that cost-effecoped around this notion and the tively share flows of energy and resourcinfrastructure es in a closed loop through time. system.

Opening access to all networks 2. T a k s i m a s a im ag lds e4 e fi : s q u a re a nd of the city to the actors of complex-dispersed field the city establishes a synerTaksim Square is an area with hidden possibilities emerging in parallel with gy between political and economic systems of the city. Dethe multi-layered infrastructure syssigning urban voids with infratems that invades the space and takes over the city. As a result of the structure ecologies accessible by actors of the city at its core is primary juxtaposition of these layers, the for democratic design. square has become the distribution point for the physical goods as well as

im a

n e t wo r k s , c o n n e c t i o n s , border and control points that occur between the different layer of infrastructures and events in Taksim. To allow actors to intervene the all systems: Identification of architecture as a collection of purely physical objects, but as a tool to grant access to all the systems that shape the location for the actors of the square.

assemblies(1), raising and densifying atop.

ima

a center for public circulation of the city, but relates with the metropolitan 2. t ra c i n g t h e H YP E R F I E L D S city throughout its history. The or global scale. As the essential part Project aims to reveal the network, Square rises above the of the procure/transfer/distribute connections, border and control city’s networks with cycle, it is a zone which all these points that occur between the differits current undeacts overlap: a hyperfield. ent layer of infrastructures and fined layer; events (hyperfields). To allow actors obscuring the P R O P O S A L to intervene in the system: Identificasystems and tion of architecture as a collection of their history 1. revealing the purely physical objects, but as a tool underneath and H Y P E R F I E L D S to grant access to all the systems that setting them Architecture taking shape the location it is at for the implicit and visuality as its actors of the square. Spatial inaccessible in most important arrangements provide sa nd the process. While element should cultural, functional, po ) in t 0 s on x2 the systems that transform as formal, systematic, and tak s i m u a re ( 2 0 sq existed throughout the images and informaphysical factors to take history have kept their traces in the tion surround us tightly place simultaneously. grounds through passages in our daily life. AccordElements of such a and memories, the ing to Allen, life that space are not meanings, u r events of the is lived and the life symbols and objects but st ra inf : 7 square above that is designed that of performances, energy im age continue to exist should be put forward by flows and resistances but forms of (6) in different the same means . Revivpossible relationships between ing the concept of longevmedia such as things. It is intended here is a close ity and sustainability, news articles, attention to the production of differAllen emphasizes that texts and memence at the local scale, even while architectural practice ories. The curmaintaining a relative indifference to should be enriched with rent state of the form of the whole. Any formal or digital tools. While addressTaksim, detached spatial matrix capable of unifying ks im sq uar ing these developments in from the empty and diverse elements while respecting e (2 0 x 20) design tools, he emphasizes that self-forming forces, prethe identity of each(8). It takes on the excluding tools such as displacement, task of shaping not only the physical vents these layers from being read translation and transformation in the structuring of the city, but also the and the building of new ones. evaluation of information causes a transformation of the movements and (7) deficiency in these processes . He 3.

Taksim as HYPERFIELD happenings in city voids.

Despite its impossibility in its current states that traditional representation 3. mediators of infrastructures state, Taksim has been the scene of processes are carried out on the a n d i n f o r m a t i o n countless important events as a possibility of stationimage 6: reimagining the field so Infrastructures that paved result of the systems it bears in its ary and fixed fs qu ar e the ground for Taksim to entirety throughout the history. A objects, but co nfi gu become an important topography of possibilities emerges that the curcenter in the past as the place of Taksim in collective rent and and present have and individual memory merges with invisible been researched the presence of current and historical informaand mapped, arteries that underpin these events. t i o n and the impact In addition to the infrastructural sysflows of it had on the tems, the pedestrian flow from bus, modern square has metro, tram and funicular networks cities been traced that bring people to the square marks a r e through the Taksim as an area at the intersection shaped of the underground cycles of these a s events took arteries and the daily lives of the spaces place on the urbanites on the square. Flows in where capisquare. Traces of Taksim are accessible to the city: tal and subhistorical water operations such as departure times, jects interact in transfer lines, telegraph traffic density, online live CCTV feeds complex ways. lines, gas lines, and tram allow us to be part of Taksim without Interfaces that can lines that allow people to come our physical presence. Those who analyze time and process change, together in the square that have all wish, may observe or even be scale shift and multiple programs are played essential roles in transforming involved. As a result, Taksim is not needed to define and intervene in this Taksim Square’s status-quo have owned by anyone and any incident new situation. been identified. Today’s infrastructaking place at Taksim is not only tural layers, such as the funicular related to that specific part of the /metro lines as well as bus and dolmuş ge

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M LE LE A I T PA .S

4 6. analogue / physical systems OR 5 m] SF x Secondary anaLE S [ 5 O L P ENT A ION ELEM logue systems D IT AD OGUE 3.

AL AN that aim to physically reveal the i n f r a s t r u c t u r es ES OL EP R U are introduced. In CT RU ST A R m] addition to the INF 2. x 20 [2 0 20x20 meter grid where the digital infraRID EG AS B structures are located, the 1. grid is scaled down 5x5 meters where the spatial interventions are to be made. Fountains, wifi units, charging stations, sensor hubs (that collect environmental and physical data such as temperature, humidity, and usage density), visual connec-

(1) Allen, Stan. "Field conditions."

Architectural Design 66 (1996): 21-21.

(2) Harvey, David. "The future of the commons." Radical history review 2011.109 (2011): 101-107.

(3) Harvey, D. (2003).

The right to the city.

International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 27 (4), 939–941.

(4) Çelik, Zeynep. The remaking of Istanbul: portrait of an Ottoman city in the nineteenth century. No. 2. Univ of California Press, 1993.

(5) Kentel, Koca Mehmet. Assembling ‘cosmopolitan’Pera: An Infrastructural History of Late Ottoman Istanbul. Diss. 2018.

(6,7) Allen, Stan. "Field conditions." Architectural Design 66 (1996): 21-21.

(8) Nawratek, K. (2019). Total Urban Mobilisation: Ernst Jünger and the Post-Capitalist City Lefebvre, Henri, and Donald Nicho l s o n- S m i t h.

The production of space. Vol. 142. Blackw e l l : Oxford, 1991.

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4. mediators of infrastructures a n d i n f o r m a t i o n As the first course of action, a digital infrastructure layer is introduced which aims to reveal the invisible systems of the square; documenting being in Taksim, personalizing the relationships between events and networks as well as amassing collective information by enabling access to the data collected for anyone. Digital infrastructural poles placed on a 20x20 meter grid broadcasts the data readily available to the authorities to the actors of the space, enabling access to the data and democratizing the space while strengthening the public ownership of the square. Poles that visibly store the data aims to process the data via smart city applications and bestow it back to the users of the space through a digital interface.

p r o m o t e encounters with new layers of infrastructure. The process, which starts by introducing structures that reveal the infrastructure and help observe the space, enables spatial formations during ES UR CT temporary events with RU T YS AR OR its enabling infraP M TE 5. s t r u c t u r e .

TS EN

tions between transportation layers underground and ground above, information screens, lighting and seating units attach to the systems revealed through penetrating the ground where the infrastructures are located – becoming superstructures accessible by all. In particular, analogue interventions that focus on transportation infrastructure points that allow users to move between layers diffuses within the square and disappears in such a way as to allow defined spacious voids and events to take place at these defined voids.

m ag e1 0: sta ge s

stages / with time Setup of a static space becomes impossible as the spatial arrangement is reconsidered as the interaction of e o 8 .1 t ts flows, performances and : fro m o bje c resistances that are space-building rather than treating planning as an objective formation act. It aims to the square a g transform im into a square of events, not objects, by arranging the surface of the square to 6.

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stops that enables access to the square alongside freshwater/lighting/trees that define the public green, that augment the older layers have been marked as such.

These systems and their relations in-between work invisibly as the playmakers of the square and lay the groundwork for events that take place on it. It aims to bolster the interaction of the actors in the square by means of specific spatial interventions on which the systems cause events to take place in the square, rather than diminishing the vibrant happenings through spatial interventions that overtakes the square. In addition to physically revealing the systems and networks through the media introduced, it also reveals the information regarding these networks – striving Taksim to operate as a :t viable map-space ak s im sq with high resolution. u ar e Exposed networks and their augmentation characteristics are identified as two layers: digital and analogue infrastructures.

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dP/dC/iS/tA +censor (optic) +local network / wifi +traffic, lines schedule

dP/dC/iS +censor (optic) +local network / wifi +traffic, lines schedule

dP/aP/dC/iS/tA +local network / wifi +traffic, lines schedule dP/dC/iS +LIVINGLAB +local network / wifi

dP/aP/tA +local network / wifi +lighting dP/dC +censor (temperature, optic) +wifi +LVN

DIGITAL POD: dP

ANALOG POD: aP

INTERFACE >>> (URBAN) 1. city urban park co.

2. events co.

3. community call co.

DATA COLLECTION:dC

INFORMATIVE SCREEN:iS

TAKSİM INTERFACE:tA

>>> (LOCAL MAP) 1. local data (temperature, shadow, soil humidity, ...)

2.instant information (local feeds, personal mappings, instant meetings, ...)

3. digital placemaking (spatial, historic, memorial, ...)

tA +local networ +common ma

PRUNUS CERASSIFERA PISSARDII

WATER LINES

PLATANUS OCCIDENTALIS

e dP/aP/dC +local network / wifi +common map

rk / wifi ap

dP/aP/tA +local network / wifi +common map +LIVING LAB tA +local network / wifi +common map dP/aP/dC +local network / wifi +fountain

LIVING LAB >>> 1. co-designing platforms 2. communicative planning 3. sustainable transition

dP/aP/dC +local network / wifi +common map

transfer

negotiation

transportation schedule info screens bus station enhanced paths

co-designing pop-up urbanism sustainable transition temporary structures

leisure

meeting

local data local network collective digital map

wifi / charging lighting security

living lab

jane 3x5

weather data

joe 5x5

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p 32 % tem idity 40 10% y hum midit hu soil

shadows

weather data density 37T YILDIZTAR ABYA - TAKSİM : 1 DAKIKA - 1 MIN UT KİKA - 4 MINUTES // 40 RUMELİFENERİ/GARİP E // 38K T ÇE Sİ - TAKSİM : 12 DAKIKA - 12 MINUTES // 129T B - TAKSİM OSTAN CI -

shadows

sept2024

oct2024

129T BOSTANCI

weather data density shadows

POD TYPE 1

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POD TYPE 3

POD TYPE 2

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POD TYPE 7

POD TYPE 6

data collection (via pods)

EMBEDDED SOFTWARE ENGINEER

data processing

BIG DATA SPECIALIST

carthographic data informative screens

personalization

UX DESIGNER

general information socio spatial digital data spatial arrangement

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEER ARCHITECT URBAN DESIGNER

living lab

CULTURAL ORGANIZATION PUBLIC PROGRAM CURATOR PROJECT DEVELOPMENT SPECIALIST

temporary structure

SUSTAINABLE DESIGNER

water structures urban furniture observation holes

LANDSCAPE DESIGNER

scale: 1/1000

dP/aP/dC +common map

tA +common map

tA +common map

dP/dC/iS/tA +censor (optic)

dP/aP/tA +lighting

tA

dP/aP/dC +fountain

+lighting

dP/aP/tA

+common map

dP/aP/tA +lighting

dP/dC/iS/tA +censor (optic)

dP/aP/dC +common map

dP/aP/dC/iS/tA

dP/aP/dC/iS/tA

tA +common map

dP/aP/dC +common map

dP/dC/iS +LIVINGLAB

dP/dC/iS/tA +censor (optic)

dP/aP/dC +fountain

dP/aP/dC +common map

tA

tA +common map

+common map

dP/aP/dC

+fountain

dP/aP/dC

dP/dC +censor (temperature, optic) +LVN

dP/aP/dC +fountain

+common map

+common map

dP/aP/dC

dP/aP/dC +fountain