Civilitation of Crete

High School of Gazi, Heraklion, Greece

Meeting in Seville 7-13 April 2019 Erasmus Ka2+ Debate Global Awareness 2018-1-DE03KA229-047392_3

Our Presentation:

Customs of Crete Cretan culture is the soul of Crete, which is revealed to you through several cultural events, taking place all over the island, especially during the summer. Cretans’ spirit is proud and rebellious and they preserve their numerous traditions until today: the Cretan wedding and baptism may last days of entertainment, as well as the numerous Cretan feasts and festivals.

Cretans are proud and independent and their behavior reflects their long history and struggles against occupying forces.

Hospitality When it comes to hospitality, Greeks stand atop the list of all cultures for their generosity and politeness towards strangers. “Philoxenia” is the Greek word for “the love of strangers”. A host welcomes his guests with open arms, treats them with highest respect and dines with them.

Guns It is common knowledge that many Cretans own guns, especially in the mountainous regions. Evidence of this can be seen by the road signs which have been used as target for practice. Cretan men often fire their guns on weddings and other celebrations and festivals, held in numerous churches and monasteries.

Cuisine Another typical example of Cretan culture is Cretan cuisine, popular for its unique quality and taste. People use fresh local products and create delicious dishes: honey, yoghurt, olive oil, wine and of course raki, take their own place on the Cretan table. Of course, Cretan music, with the popular rhythm of lyre, accompanies those unique events, which bring people together. For Cretans, a meal is a social occasion and accordingly, food is ordered for the "table", not for individuals. You order a bit of everything, spread it around the table and everybody picks at everything. It is not uncommon for Greeks to order far too much, which unfortunately leads to a fair amount of food being wasted.

Weddings Christenings and weddings in Crete are often big occasions and reasons for celebrations, often with huge numbers of guests. There are several things that are customary to Greek weddings, but a Cretan wedding is a whole different matter. It is not only characterized by an abundance of food, drink and song, but also by celebratory gunshots in the air. The traditional food of Cretan weddings is a rice dish with goat and rooster meat. The wedding party always closes with a mantinada.

Mantinadas are Cretan songs that sometimes are improvised.

GREEK TRADITIONAL MUSIC Greek traditional music includes all songs, tempos and rhythms of the Greek regions.

It consists of not one but many types of compositions usually characterized by the area where they come from (Greek islands, Epirus, Pontus). Traditional songs can also be classified according to their content and the occasion upon which they are performed (carnivals, weddings, migration).

Traditional instruments in Greece

LYRA

LUTE

CLARINET

Cretan music Cretan traditional music includes instrumental music (generally also involving singing), and songs known as rizitika.

Although Cretan music remains consciously close to its folk roots and an integral part of many Cretans' everyday life, it is also a vibrant and evolving modern, popular tradition.

Cretan dance

• The dances of Crete reflect the rich inner world of people. With dance and song the Cretan expresses his feelings, excitement, frustration and love. • All dances have their roots in ancient Minoan ceremonies. They are fast or slow, but always vivid and imposing.

The traditional dances of Crete 1.Syrtos (crawl dance) Also called "dance of love", because the legs of the dancer crawl on the ground without losing contact with earth, which Cretans worshipped as a goddess.

2.Siganos (slow dance) Also called Dance of Theseus or Dance of the bride. The dancers are close to each other, in contact and march with small soft steps, with the first dancer demonstrating his virtuosity. Slowly turns into fast-paced dance. It is the dance of friendship and unity.

3. Dance from Malevizi (our region) It is the greatest and most vivid, brisk and full of life dance of Crete. It is danced with nervous jumps and spacious stunts.

4. Sousta (couples) Sousta is danced in couples, facing each other. It is erotic and vigorous, almost danced on the tip of the toes.

5. Pentozali (five steps) It took its name from the five basic steps . Vivid and jumping, it is the most spectacular dance of Crete.

LOCAL CRETAN CUISINE

• Greek cuisine is a Mediterranean one. Contemporary Greek cookery makes wide use of vegetables, olive oil, grains, fish, wine and meat (including lamb, poultry, veal, beef, rabbit and pork). Also olives, pasta , cheese, lemon juice, herbs, bread and yoghurt. Common desserts include nuts, honey, fruits, and pastry. It is strongly influenced by Ottoman cuisine, such as baklava, tzatziki, gyro, moussaka, dolmades, yuvarlakia and keftethes. To an even greater extent it is influenced by Italian cuisine . • In Cretan cuisine, there are some dishes very delicious and special.

• First of all there is STAKA , a kind of cheese, not known outside of Crete, perfect for pasta and eggs.

• One of the most popular dishes in Crete is snails , cooked in many ways.

• Also there is ANTIKRISTO, which is meat, roasted on rods placed around the fire, for about 5 hours.

• Last but not least is a dish called GAMOPILAFO and its basically rice with meat broth and butter, usually served in weddings.

• You can definitely conclude that Cretans love meat. The Cretan cuisine offers delicious dishes “made with love”.

Our school Gazi belongs to the municipality of Malevizi which is district of Heraklion, Crete. The school of Gazi “Domenikos Theotokopoulos” is situated about 7 km from Heraklion, the capital city of Crete. It is called General Secondary school “Domenikos Theotokopoulos” in honor of the great Greek painter who came from the municipality of Heraklion.

The school was founded in 1995 in order to serve the area of Gazi. The new bioclimatic school is a reality since September 2014.

About 500 students attend Gazi Senior Secondary School, (aged 15-18).

Today there are about 40 teachers in the school, as well as an administrator and two deputy head teachers. Apart from the teachers’ office and the administrator’s office there are 18 teaching classrooms in total.

Moreover, there are one modern computer science laboratory, a fully equipped science laboratory, a gymnasium, a library and a big multiple use hall where several activities and festivals are held.

We have been active in organizing cultural exchanges and international partnership projects in Europe, for many years, so we are keen on being part of projects, which are very interesting and motivating.

France

Austria

Czech

Germany

Cyprus

Bibliography • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

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