Krushi Vigyan June 2022

399

hj® : 48

fhp_p : L©$rj rhop_ 29-fp¡eg L$p¡çàg¡n, Y$¡bf fp¡X$, fpS>L$p¡V$-360002

A„L$ : 05

Sy>_ : 2022

u _ u Q f d , u_ b p e ¡ p k , L$`pk u s ¡ M $ L f p $ L _ap kp¡iueg duX$uep

Üpfp hp„Qhp a¡kbyL$

V$¡guN°pd

V$huV$¹f CÞõV$pN°pd

2

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

ઇન્ક્વાયરી નં- 2

કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન ઇન્ક્વાયરી નં- 3

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

3

4

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

ઇન્ક્વાયરી નં- 4

કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

d^y k„Qe

lp¡d d¡L$f ly„ sp¡ Ofdp„ S> R>y„ _¡ ! "d¡lyg Dv$pk õhf¡ A_¡ Esf¡gp Ql¡f¡ L$l¡sp¡.

ddsp-d¡lyg_p¡ Myiu\u cep£ cep£ k„kpf lsp¡. g‚_p„ b¡ hj® `R>u Äepf¡ v$uL$fu_y„ ApNd_ \ey„ Ðepf¡ sp¡ bß¡_¡ \ey„ L$¡, Ap`Zp kyM_¡ L$p¡C_u _S>f _ gNu Åe sp¡ kp{„. `Z S>¡ buL$ lsu A¡ S> \ey„. rkrhg A¡[ÞS>r_ef \e¡gp d¡lyg¡ A¡L$ rv$hk Ap¡rak\u Aphu_¡ ddsp_¡ L$üy„. "iy„ L$f¡ R>¡ ? S>fp b¡k_¡ dpfu bpS>ydp„ !'

Ap¡lp¡lp¡, iy„ hps R>¡ ? ApS>¡ L$„B îudp__¡ bly â¡d EcfpC Apìep¡ R>¡ _¡ ! "dÅL$_u hps _\u ddsp, Adpfu L$„`_udp„ ldZp„ sL$gua Ecu \C R>¡, A¡V$g¡ õV$pa Ap¡R>p¡ L$f¡ R>¡. ApS>¡ d_¡ `Z _p¡rV$k dmu NC. d_¡ `Z R>|V$p¡ L$ep£. bp¡gsp„ bp¡gsp„ d¡lyg ddsp_p Mp¡mpdp„ dp¡„ R>y`phu fX$u `X$ep¡. "Af¡ ! A¡dp„ Apd Yugp¡ iy„ \pe R>¡ ? A¡L$ _p¡L$fu NC sp¡ buÆ dmi¡ ! _¡ dpfu _p¡L$fu sp¡ R>¡ S> _¡ ! tQsp L$fhp_u L$„C S>ê$f _\u.' kp¡ãV$h¡f A¡[ÞS>r_ef \e¡gu A_¡ A¡d.bu.A¡._u rX$N°u ^fphsu ddsp d¡lyg L$fsp„ ÓZ NZp¡ `Npf gphsu lsu. _p¡L$fu R>|V$ép_¡ AW$hprX$ey„ \ey„ _ \ey„ Ðep„ d¡lyg A`fp^cph A_ychhp gpÁep¡. fps ApMu kfMu KO Aphsu _l] A_¡ khpf¡ ddsp L$fsp„ hl¡gp¡ EW$u S>sp¡. A¡_u KOdp„ S>fpe Mg¡g _ `lp¡„Q¡ A¡_u kph^p_u fpMu fkp¡X$pdp„ S>sp¡. Qp-_põsp¡ s¥epf L$fu, X$pC_]N V$¡bg `f d|L$u_¡ ddsp_¡ DW$pX$sp¡. ddsp _pfpS> \C S>su, ip dpV$¡ Aphy„ L$f¡ R>¡ ! ly„ Ap¡rak¡ S>sp„ `l¡gp„ b^y„ `sphu v$Ci. AÐepf ky^u A¡d S> Qpgsy„ lsy„ _¡ !'

"AÐepf ky^u_u hps S>yv$u lsu _¡ lh¡_u hps S>yv$u R>¡. spf¡ _L$pdu v$p¡X$^pd L$fhu `X$¡ _¡ ly„... કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

dyßu_¡ õL$|g bk `f d|L$hp ddsp_¡ bv$g¡ lh¡ d¡lyg¡ S>hp dp„X$éy„. A¡L$ rv$hk dyßu_¡ gC_¡ blpf _uL$msp d¡lyg_¡ fp¡L$u A¡Z¡ L$üy„, "d¡lyg N¡fkdS> _l] L$fsp¡, `Z bkõV$p¡` `f spfu _p¡L$fu rhj¡ L$p¡C `|R>¡ sp¡ L$l¡S>¡ L$¡, Ap¸rak_y„ L$pd Of¡ L${„ R>y„.' ip dpV$¡ ?'

A`dp_\u A¡_p¡ Ql¡fp¡ sdsdu Nep¡. "eyku, Ap`Zp¡ kdpS> S> A¡hp¡ R>¡ L$¡ `R>u `pR>m\u L$p¡C Ap`Zu dÅL$ DX$ph¡ A¡_p L$fsp„.... ddsp bp¡gsu flu _¡ d¡lyg Of_u blpf _uL$mu Nep¡.

L$¡V$g¡e W$¡L$pZ¡ A¡Z¡ _p¡L$fu dpV$¡ AfÆAp¡ L$f¡gu `Z lÆ ky^u L$ép„e\u S>hpb _lp¡sp¡ Apìep¡. `p¡sp_u r_óamsp_p¡ rhQpf L$fsp„ A_¡ A¡L$ âk„N epv$ Aphu Nep¡. dyßu lÆ sp¡ R> A¡L$ drl_p_u \C lsu Ðepf¡ A¡L$ rv$hk ddspA¡ L$üy„ lsy„, "d¡lyg, dpf¡ A¡d.bu.A¡ L$fhy„ R>¡.' d¡lyg Ðepf¡ rhfp¡^ L$f¡gp¡. iy„ S>ê$f R>¡ ApV$gu _p_L$X$u v$uL$fu kp\¡ lh¡ A¡d.bu.A¡. L$fhp_u ? `R>u sy„ Of_y„ A_¡ dyßu_y„ Ýep_ _l] fpMu iL$¡.' "b^y„ L$fu iL$ui. `Z d¢ _½$u L$ey® R>¡ A¡V$g¡ ly„ ApNm cZui S>.' ddsp L$iy„ _ bp¡g¡ sp¡e d¡lyg_¡ gpNsy„, ÅZ¡ A¡_u _S>f L$lu flu lp¡e - Å¡ey„ ? dpfu rX$N°u_p âsp`¡ S> lh¡ Of Qpg¡ R>¡ _¡?' Of_y„ hpsphfZ cpf¡Md b_u Ney„ lsy„. `rs-`Ð_u hÃQ¡ M` `|fsu S> hps, `pV$}$`u¼Qf L$¡ afhp_y„ b^y„ S> b„^. L$épf¡L$ d¡lyg A¡L$gp¡ S> kp„S>_p kde¡ dyßu_¡ bNuQpdp„ gC S>sp¡. ipL$cpÆ L$¡ amamprv$ gphhp„, khpfkp„S>_u fkp¡C b_phhu, dyßu_¡ cZphhu Aphp„ b^p„ L$pd A¡Z¡ lh¡ L$yimsp\u k„cpmu gu^p„ lsp„.

A¡L$ rv$hk dyßu_¡ bkõV$p¸` `f d|L$hp Ne¡gp d¡lyg_¡ Myiu_u dçdu dmu NC. "d¡lygcpC, OZu hpf rhQp{„ R>y„ L$¡, ddsp L$¡V$gu _kubv$pf R>¡ !' L$¡d ?' "Ap S>yAp¡_¡, sd¡ A¡_u b^u S>hpbv$pfu k„cpmu gu^u R>¡. R>¡ A¡_¡ L$„C tQsp ? fuegu, ey Apf A NyX$ lp¡d d¡L$f.'

ddsp OZu hpf L$l¡su, "ip dpV$¡ ApV$gu tQsp L$f¡ R>¡ ? spfu _p¡L$fu _\u sp¡e Ap`Zu tS>v$Nudp„ L$„C afL$ `X$¡ R>¡ ?' afL$ _lp¡sp¡ `X$sp¡ A¡_y„ S> d¡lyg_¡ v$y:M lsy„. A¡L$ hMs A¡_¡ sph Apìep¡. kMs _bmpC A_¡ ifuf ApMy„ s|V$¡. ddspA¡ Ap¸rakdp„\u fÅ g¡hu `X$u. Of_y„ b^y„ L$pdL$pS>, dyßu_¡ k„cpmhp_u, dp„v$p d¡lyg_y„ Ýep_ fpMhp_y„ - b¡ rv$hkdp„ sp¡ A¡ \pL$u_¡ W$yk \C NC. OfL$pd_u Apv$s R>|V$u NC lsu. A¡ L$fhp_y„ lh¡ AO{„ gpNsy„ lsy„. A¡_¡ rhQpf Apìep¡, Å¡ d¡lyg_¡ L$ép„e _p¡L$fu dmu S>i¡ sp¡ dp{„ iy„ \i¡ ? AW$hprX$epdp„ d¡lyg kpÅ¡ \C Nep¡. ddsp Ap¸rak¡\u Aphu Ðepf¡ d¡lyg_p¡ Ql¡fp¡ s„N lsp¡. "ddsp, Al] Aph_¡ dpfu A¡L$ hps_p¡ S>hpb Ap`. ly„ dp„v$p¡ lsp¡ _¡ d¢ dpfp¡ dp¡bpCg õhuQ Ap¸a L$fu fpM¡gp¡ Ðepf¡ rd. dl¡spA¡ spfp dp¡bpCg `f ap¡_ L$fu_¡ dpf¡ dpV$¡ _p¡L$fu_y„ L$üy„ lsy„ ?' ddsp_p¡ Ql¡fp¡ ra½$p¡ `X$u Nep¡. "lp lp, ly„ sp¡ s_¡ L$l¡hp_y„ kph c|gu S> NC.' "ApV$gu ANÐe_u hps c|gu L$¡hu fus¡ S>hpe ? dp„X$ lp\dp„ Aph¡gu sL$ S>su flu.' 'Ape A¡d kp¡ kp¸fu. dpfu bly dp¡V$u c|g \C NC.' ddsp_u Ap„Mdp„ Ap„ky Aphu Nep„. Å¡ L$¡, A¡ d_p¡d_ rhQpfu flu lsu L$¡, c|g \C NC lsu L$¡ ÅZu Å¡B_¡ L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu ? A¡_¡ gpÁey„ L$¡, cg¡ d¡lyg dp¡Y¡\u L$„C _ bp¡ëep¡ `Z A¡_u _S>fdp„ `Z Ap S> khpg lsp¡. "buS>¡ rv$hk¡ A¡ dyßu_¡ bkõV$p¸` `f d|L$hp Nep¡ Ðepf¡ Myiu_p v$pv$p dmu Nep. A¡dZ¡ lku_¡ `|R>éy„, "d¡lygcpC, dpfu lsu L$¡, sd¡ Of¡ b¡ku_¡ Ap¸rak_y„ L$pd L$fp¡ R>p¡. L$¡d, M{„ _¡ ?' `yÓh^| L$l¡su _p A„L$g, Ap¸rak_y„ L$pd _l], Of¡ flu_¡ ly„ a¼s OfL$pd S> L${„ R>y„. Ape A¡d A lp¡dd¡L$f.'

A¡ My‰p d_\u lõep¡. lh¡ A¡Z¡ 'lp¡dd¡L$f'_u rX$N°u õhuL$pfu gu^u lsu.

(Ddpfph_u L$ßX$ -Apip huf¡ÞÖ

hpsp®_¡

Ap^pf¡)

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

5

જુ ન- ૨૦૨૨ | વર્ષ-૪૮ | અંક -૫ સળંગ અંક -૫૪૬, છૂટક નકલ -૨૫

d^y k„Qe : lp¡d d¡L$f

7

Ly$v$fs_u L$¡X$uA¡ : L$é¡ v$p'X$¡ R>|V$uiy„ Aphp "Mp¡V$p hl¡dp¡' A_¡ "fursfuhpÅ¡'

9

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L$©rj eyr_hk}$V$u_p Üpf¡\u

12

DÑd M¡su : lmv$f - âNrs A_¡ ârscp

13

સંપાદક : પ્રવીણકુ માર બી. પટે લ

d¡f¡ v$¡i L$u ^fsu : S>„sy_piL$p¡_p„ Mpgu `¡L$_y„ r_ed_ A_¡ r_L$pg

15

L„$`_u ÞeyT : BNg kuX$¹k A¡V$g¡ buS> n¡Ó¡ _hp¡ eyN

17

buS d„Ó : k„`L$® frls hT®_ 2.0 dpV$¡ s¥epf flp¡

18

Ap„Nmu_p V$¡fh¡ : rL$ip_kh® | N°pdp¡ap¡_ A¡[àgL$¡i_

19

apd® CÞ`yV : S>du_ s\p `p_ dpV¡ L$hQ Sy>X$hp-Æ s\p Cdpfp

20

L©$rj V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ : këaf rdëk rgrdV$¡X$, dy„bC Ýhpfp ep¡Åe¡g...

21

âep¡N : `pL$ k„fnZ dpV$¡_u âQrgs `ÙrsAp¡

22

N©l gÿdu: L$fdv$p_u d|ëehr^®s b_phV$p¡

23

d__u hps : L$`pk buepfZp¡_u `k„v$Nu `qf[õ\rs âdpZ¡ L$fp¡.

24

L$©rj op_ : S>¥rhL$ `pL$k„fnZ A_¡ `pL$`p¡jZ M¡X$|sp¡ dpV$¡Mpk

25

L„$`_u ÞeyT : Qp¡dpky `pL$ dpV$¡ r_^u_p DÑd buS>_u `k„v$Nu

26

dfQu_u M¡su : dfQu `pL$_u h¥opr_L$ M¡su `Ý^rs

27

L$`pk dphS>s : L$`pk_p `pL$_u `pR>sfu dphS>s

29

_¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ : L$©rjdp„ _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ

33

Y$p¡gue¡ b¡W$p

35

V$QyL$X$u

36

Ap¡V$g¡ b¡W$p

37

સંપર્ક : કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન

અપર લેવલ, રોયલ કોમ્પ્લેક્ષ, ભુતખાના ચોક, ઢે બર રોડ, રાજકોટ - ૩૬૦૦૦૨ ફોન : ૦૨૮૧-૨૨૨૯૯૬૬ ફે ક્સ : ૦૨૮૧-૨૨૨૯૮૬૬ ઈમેઈલ : kvrajkot@gmail.com

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Printed Published and owned by : Smt. M. P. Patel, Published from 47-B, Panchvati society, Rajkot-1 and Printed at Gujarat Printers, Rajkot, Editor : Smt. M. P. Patel

6

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

Ly$v$fs_u L$¡X$uA¡

L$é¡ v$p'X$¡ R>|V$uiy„ Aphp "Mp¡V$p hl¡dp¡' A_¡ "fursfuhpÅ¡' dp„\u?

"Aëep fhÆ ! R>¡‰p ÓZ-Qpf v$p'X$p\u "ApS> _l], L$pg¡ hps...ApS> _l], Aphsu L$pg¡ hps' A¡d L$e£ Å R>p¡ s¡ spf¡ V$²¡¼V$f lp„L$u v$¡hy„ R>¡ L$¡ _l] ? spfp cfp¡l¡ sp¡ cgpdpZk d¢ buÅ_¡ L$u^y„ _\u ! lh¡ Aphsu L$pg¡ khpfdp„ sp{„ _p_y„ V$²¡¼V$f gC_¡ Aphu Å sp¡ L$`pl_p Qpl_u `X$Mpdp„ Mpsf hphu v$CA¡. Ap Å¡, dp\p D`f d¡ S>my„bu füp¡ R>¡, L$épf¡ V$|V$u `X$¡ A¡_y„ L$„B L$l¡hpe _l]. Å¡ Aphu Ål¡ _¡, sp¡ sp¡ `R>u hfp` \psp„ gpNu Ål¡ hpf, A_¡ L$`pl_p R>p¡X$hp \C Ål¡ dp¡V$p, A¡V$g¡ `R>u A¡dp„ V$²¡¼V$f lp„L$é¡ X$pþey„ Åe cp„Nu, A_¡ Ap Mpsf hphhp_p¡ Ap`Zp¡ L$pe®¾$d S> b„^ fpMhp_p¡ \pl¡. dpV$¡ L$pg¡ dpfp¡ hpfp¡ gCg¡ c¥gp !' kp„S>_p fhÆ_¡ O¡f¡ S>C L$fi_L$pL$pA¡ spL$uv$ L$fu.

"_p, L$fi_L$pL$p L$pg _l] ! L$pg sp¡ R>¡ "ArNepfi' ! sd¡ bdÏ„ cpX$y„ Ap`p¡ sp¡e¡ ArNepfi ly„ _l] cp„Ny ! dp{„ _ud R>¡ L$pL$p L$¡ "ArNepfi' A_¡ "Adpl¡' sp¡ ANsp¡ `pmhp_p¡ S> !' fhÆA¡ L$fi_L$pL$p_u ifd _p¡ cfu s¡ bk _p¡ S> cfu ! A_¡ L$yv$fs_¡ L$fhy R>¡ s¡ L$fi_L$pL$p_¡ buL$ lsu A¡hy„ S> \ey„ ! buS>¡ rv$hk¡ kp„S>L$_p¡ hfkpv$ iê$ \ep¡ s¡ Qpf rv$' ky^u gpNgNpV$ hfõep¡ ! fhÆ_u ArNepfi_p¡ ANsp¡ fhÆ_¡ sp¡ amsp ami¡ `Z L$fi_ L$pL$p_¡ sp¡ kfMpB_p¡ _X$u Nep¡ ! rdÓp¡ ! Ap`Z¡ M¡X$|sp¡dp„ ldZp„ ky^u Aphp ArNepfi કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

A_¡ Adpk_p ANsp `mpsp lsp. s¡ rv$hkp¡dp„ kp„suL$p¡k A_¡ dykpafu S>¡hp b^p„ L$pdp¡ bmv$ dp\¡ lsp„. A¡V$g¡ L$épf¡L$ A¡_¡ \p¡X$p¡L$ \pL$-`p¡fp¡ Mphp dm¡ A¡hu A¡_u `pR>m_u Ö[ô lsu. `Z ApS> sp¡ lh¡ diu_\u-V$²¡¼V$f\u M¡suL$pdp¡ L$fhp_p \pe R>¡ A¡dp„ hmu "ANsp'_u S>ê$f iu? L$l¡ip¡ ! NpdX$p„dp„ A_¡ A¡dp„e¡ M¡X$|skdpS>dp„ sp¡ Aphp L$¡V$L$¡V$gpe hl¡dp¡ _¡ A„^îÙp_y„ `pg_-`p¡jZ \C füy„ R>¡. L$lp¡ ! L$p¡_u hps L$fhu _¡ L$p¡_u _ L$fhu? lp, ANsp `pR>m_y„ L$p¡B ìepS>bu L$pfZ lp¡e sp¡ S>ê$f `mpe. S>¡dL$¡ Adpfp rhõspfdp„ "Ykp Npd' A_¡ "Ykp huiu' A¡hp _pd_u b¡ dp¡V$u h[õs R>¡. bß¡ L$kbp_u `„Qpesp¡ `Z AgN AgN R>¡. A¡L$dp„ ANsp¡ fMpe R>¡ "Adpk' _p¡ A_¡ buÅdp„ `mpe R>¡ "`|_d' _p¡ ! `Z A¡ A¡V$gp dpV$¡ L$¡ bß¡_u bÅfp¡dp„ Apk`pk_p NpdX$p„Ap¡_y„ lV$pÏ„ S>b{„ R>¡. A¡V$g¡ b^p ^„^pv$pfuAp¡_¡ drl_pdp„ Aphu fÅ lp¡e sp¡ ìep`pf-^„^p b„^ fpMu, AÞe L$pdp¡ L$fu iL$¡ s¡ R>sp„ L$p¡B blpfNpdX$¡\u Mfuv$u A\£ Aphu QX$_pf_¡ Mp¡V$p¡ ^½$p¡ _ \pe ! Ykp Npd_u bÅfp¡dp„ fÅ lp¡e sp¡ Ykp õV$¡i_ My‰y„ lp¡e A_¡ Ykp õV$¡i_dp„ fÅ lp¡e sp¡ YkpNpd My‰y„ lp¡e,bß¡ Npd bpS>ybpS>ydp„ kph AX$u_¡ R>¡ s¡\u Ap bß¡_p ANsp kp¥_¡ _X$sfê$` _\u

d©Ðey âk„N¡ "dp¡V$u L$pÎe'_p¡ v$¡MpX$p¡ :\p¡X$p rv$hkp¡ `l¡gp„ Adpfp `pX$p¡iu_p kNpdp„ A¡L$ hep¡h©Ù v$pv$p_y„ કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

7

Ly$v$fs_u L$¡X$uA¡ lp¡e A_¡ d©Ðey \ey„ lp¡e sp¡ s¡_u `pR>m "gug `fZphhu' `X$¡. A_¡ A¡d _ L$fpe sp¡ df_pf_p¡ ApÐdp AhNs¡ Åe ! S>¡ fus_u g‚dp„ rhr^ lp¡e A¡ fus¡ S> X$pcX$p (A¡L$ âL$pf_y„ Opk)_p hf-L$Þep b_phu, A¡dp„ df_pf_p ApÐdp_y„ r_ê$`Z L$fu fuskf a¡fp a¡fhu g‚ L$fhp_p¡ rfhpS> R>¡. bp¡gp¡, Aphy„ L$fhp_p¡ L$p¡B A\® Mfp¡? dp_kdp„ Of L$fu Ne¡g hl¡d L$¡ buS>y„ L$p„? kde_u bfbpv$u,_pZp„_p¡ h¡X$apV$ A_¡ byrÙ_y„ v$¡hpmy„ _l] sp¡ buS>y„ iy„ L$l¡iy„ L$lp¡ !

dp¡V$y„ Npds{„ \ey„. sp¡ Adpfp `pX$p¡iuA¡ sp¡ "sdpf¡ b¡ S>ZpA¡ Mp¡V$L$ép_p L$pd¡ Aphhp_y„, sdpf¡ b¡ S>ZpA¡ Aphhp_y„ "A¡hy„ L$lu L$lu 20-22 S>Zp_¡ s¥epf L$ep®, dp¡V$y„ hpl_ bp„^u MfMf¡ S>C Apìep. lh¡ sd¡ S> L$lp¡, L$p¡B_y„ d©Ðey \pe A¡V$g¡ A¡_p _ÆL$_p kNp-k„b„^u lp¡e s¡Ap¡_¡ afS> `X$¡ L$¡ kNp„_p v$y:Mdp„ cpNuv$pf \hp-L$„BL$ Apðpk_ v$¡hpMfMf¡ S>hy„ Å¡BA¡. `Z "dp¡V$u L$pÎe'_p¡ v$¡MpX$p¡ L$fhp S>¡Ap¡_¡ Ap d©Ðey kp\¡ L$„B g¡hpg¡hpv$¡hp _\u A¡ b^p_p¡ kde A_¡ NpX$ucpX$p_p¡ h¡X$apV$ L$fphhp_p¡ L$„B A\® Mfp¡ ? Äepf¡ _¡ Ðepf¡ Aphu "L$pÎe' _u Ypgp¡ Ecu S> lp¡e ! h¥sfZu sfhp Npe_¡ `|„R>X$¡ `pZu ?

A¡L$ rv$hk L$¡ S>¡V$gp rv$hk "b¡kÏ„' fp¿ey„ lp¡e s¡V$gp rv$hk L$pÎe¡ Aphsp Apv$du dp\¡ aprmep„ Ap¡Yu gp„b¡ fpN¡ fp¡sp fp¡sp Aph¡ A_¡ b¥fp„Ap¡ sp¡ R>psu L$|V$su Aph¡ A¡hp¡ rfhpS> Mp¡V$p¡ v$¡MpX$p¡ _\u ? A_¡ "`pZuYp¡m'_u rhr^ hMs¡e A¡hp¡ aS>¡sp¡ L$fhp_p¡, L$¡ hpR>fX$u_u X$p¡L$¡ kps^p__u `p¡V$guAp¡ V$]NpX$u L$yV$y„buS>_p¡A¡ A¡_¡ `|„R>X$¡ `pZu f¡X$hp L$ép„e L$ép„e\u Aphu S>hp_y„ ! L$l¡hpe R>¡ L$¡ Apd L$fhp\u kv$Ns h¥sfZu `pf Dsfu Åe, bp¡gp¡ ! L$p¡Z¡ cpmu R>¡ h¥sfZu, L$p¡B L$l¡ip¡ ? b^y„ N`¡N` L$¡ buS>y„ L$p„B ?

A_¡ `pR>p¡ dfZ `R>u_p¡ rfhpS> sp¡ S>yAp¡ ! `pZuYp¡m_¡ rv$hk¡ "kp¡N' cp„Áep `R>u `pR>p L$pfS> r_duÑ¡ kp¥A¡ c¡Np dmu gpX$hp v$pbhp_p! "d©Ðey' A¡ sp¡ v$y:M_p¡ âk„N R>¡. s¡ `R>u d©Ðey cg¡_¡ hep¡h©Ù v$pv$p L$¡ v$pv$u_y„ \ey„ lp¡e ! A¡ OV$_p v$y:Mv$ S> NZpe. `l¡gp„ spZu spZu_¡ fX$u g¡hp_y„ A_¡ `R>u ^fpB ^fpB_¡ rdW$pB Tp`V$hp_u? kNp-õ_¡lu-k„b„^u Ap`Zp v$y:Mdp„ cpN `X$phhp Apìep lp¡e s¡ CÃR>hp ep¡Áe R>¡, s¡Ap¡ `Z âk„N_u N„cufsp ÅZu "kpv$p fp¡V$gp' S> S>d¡ A_¡ S>dpX$pe. rhrQÓsp sp¡ A¡hu R>¡ L$¡ S>¡ L$¡V$gpL$ `¥k¡V$L$¡ \p¡X$p dpsbf lp¡e A¡sp¡ hmu "Nmu L$pÎe' _p¡ L$pe®¾$d Apv$f¡ ! dp¡Y¡ Aph¡gp_¡ b^p_¡ spÎe L$fu L$fu_¡ rdôp_ S>dpX$u_¡ `R>u S> S>hp v$¡,bp¡gp¡ !

Dv$plfZ ê$` dpg`fpNpd_p¡ rfhpS> : Adpfp Npd dpg`fpdp„ õhN®õ\ dpV$rgepcpB_p s` \L$u N°pdkdpS>dp„ L$¡V$pgpL$ k„õL$pfp¡ OX$pep R>¡, s¡dp„ Ap "L$pfS>-v$pX$p' dp„\u dp¡V$pcpN_p gp¡L$p¡

8

dy¼s \ep R>¡, A¡_u `pR>m_u `p½$u kdS>Z bk A¡ S> L$¡ "d©Ðey `pR>m rdS>bp_u' _ lp¡e!

A¡_u `pR>m buÅ¡ `Z iyc l¡sy kdpe¡gp¡ A¡ R>¡ L$¡ "v$pX$p' S>¡hp Mp¡V$p fus-rfhpS>dp„ `¥kp MfQhp A¡_p L$fsp„ L$p¡B kpfp Npdpes L$pe®dp„ S> _ MQ}$A¡ ? A_¡ A¡ r_dus¡ L$p¡B bkõV$¢X$, L$p¡B lhpX$p D`f R>p„ep¡, L$p¡B hmu `pZu_y„ `fb L$¡ ipmpdp„ hp¡V$fL$|gf, N°pd-âh¡iÜpf L$¡ dL$p_p¡ bp„^hp S>¡hp L$pep£dp„ e\pi[¼s ep¡Nv$p_ Ap`u füp R>¡.

Adpfu S> hps L${„ sp¡ Adpfp dpsyîu rv$hpmubp_y„ Ahkp_ \sp„ hpR>fX$u_p„ `|„R>X$¡ `pZue¡ _\u f¡X$éy„ L$¡ _\u Npv$gy„-Np¡v$X$y„Qpv$f-Ap¡riL$y„-gp¡V$p¡-Qç`g-R>Óu-amp¡ S>¡hu QuS>hõsyAp¡ d|L$u_¡ MpV$gp¡A¡ L$màep¡ ! L$¡ _\u gpX$hphpmp¡ v$pX$p¡e¡ L$ep£. lp, A¡ r_dus¡ bpbp`p_u `|Îeõd©rs ê$`¡ Ad¡ A¡d_p„ k„sp_p¡ Äep„ cZu_¡ rinZ-k„õL$pf `pçep„ s¡ hpÐkëe^pd gp¡L$ipmpdp„ rhÛp\}$Ap¡_p Aæepkdp„ A_yL$|msp \pe s¡ A\£ ÓZ hN® M„X$p¡ - Class Rooms b„^phu Apàep, A_¡ v$f hfk¡ A¡d_u r_hp®Z rsr\A¡ L$yV$y„bu b^p„ c¡mp„ \C s¡d_p NyZõdfZ_p¡ L$pe®¾$d fpMsp lp¡BA¡ R>uA¡. "gug `fZphhu' : lÆ A¡L$ A¡hp¡A¡ fÅ v$u^p S>¡hp¡ rfhpS> R>¡ L$¡ L$p¡B A`frZs R>p¡L$fp¡, eyhp_ L$¡ cg¡_¡ kpBW$ R>p„X$u Ne¡g Ap^¡X$ lp¡e `Z (`y{j Års S> lp¡ ! L$p¡B v$uL$fu, L$¡ ÷u g‚ \ep rh_p d©Ðey `pd¡ sp¡ `pR>y„ _l] lp¡ !) A¡_p g‚ _ \e¡g

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kyf^_-riL$p¡sf ê$`¡ Np¡„Mgp `|S>hp : dp_p¡ L$¡ L$p¡B_y„ L$p¡B`Z Ås_p AL$õdps¡ d©Ðey„ \ey„? sp¡ s¡_p d_dp„ A^|fu flu Ne¡gu BÃR>pAp¡_u `|rs® dpV$¡ c|hp_¡ bp¡gphu-dp„X$hp¡ _pMuv$pZp Å¡hfphu A¡_¡ "kyf^_-riL$p¡sf' õhê$`¡ Np¡„Mgpdp„ b¡kpX$u L$pedMps¡ c|hp L$l¡ A¡d A¡_u kfcfp L$ep® L$fhp_u, A_¡ dp_p¡L$¡ L$yV$y„bdp„ L$p¡B kæe S>fp kpÅ-dp„v$p \ep L$¡ L$p¡B L$pddp„ _bmy„ `rfZpd dþey„ ? sp¡ sfs bp¡gphp¡ c|hp_¡, A_¡ L$fp¡ dp„X$gy„, S>|Ap¡ v$pZp„ ! ip¡^p¡, Ap`Z_¡ L$p¡Z _X$¡ R>¡ ? A_¡ A¡ ip¡^hpdp„ Yp¡„Nu c|hp_¡ fmpìep L$fhp_y„ A_¡ `p¡sp_p dNS>_¡ L$ped Aphp hl¡d_p bp_dp„ fpMsp fl¡hp_y„ !

Adpf¡ O¡f Qp¡kgpdp„ `Z dL$p__u Ap¡„ifu_p cX$¡ A¡L$ Np¡„Mgp¡ lsp¡. A¡ Np¡„Mgp D`f A¡L$ `X$v$p¡ lsp¡. A¡ `X$v$p¡ My‰p¡ lp¡e Ðepf¡ dpfp„ bp_¡ A¡_u gpS> L$pYhp_u \su. L$pfZ L$¡ A¡dp„ "kyf^_v$pv$p' b¡W$¡gp lsp. A_¡ Of_u `R>us¡ A¡L$ Np¡„Mgp¡ lsp¡ s¡dp„ "riL$p¡sfdp' b¡W$¡gp lsp. ly„ Ðepf¡ dpg`f¡ dpV$rgepcpB_u gp¡L$ipmpdp„ 8 dy„ ^p¡fZ cZsp¡ lsp¡. d¢ dpV$rgepcpB_¡ k|f^_-riL$p¡sf_u hps L$fu. sp¡ d_¡ L$l¡ "Ap`Z¡ ApN°p-N„NpÆ_p âhpk¡ S>CA¡ Ðepf¡ kp\¡ gC g¡S>¡-N„NpÆdp„ `^fphu_¡ s¡_p¡ dp¡n L$fu v$Ciy„.' d¢ O¡f hps L$fu sp¡ L$pL$pA¡ sp¡ c|hp_¡ bp¡gpìep. v$pZp_u A¡L$ub¡L$u L$fu_¡ c|hp¡ L$l¡, " Å¡ R>p¡L$fp ! kyf^_v$pv$p kpdp`|f¡ lpg¡ sp¡ d|rs®Ap¡ kp¡_p_u L$fphhu `X$i¡ !' dpfp bp`p L$l¡, "L$„B hp„^p¡ _l] b¡V$p !

A¡hy„ \pe sp¡ `pR>p gphS>¡'. ly„ sp¡ Mpv$u_p ê$dpgdp„ h]V$u, L$`X$p_p \¡gpdp„ d|L$u kp\¡ gC Nep¡ A_¡ 32 rhÛp\}$Ap¡_u kpnudp„ N„Np_p hl¡Zdp„ sfsp d|L$ép,A¡ L$„B kpdp`|f¡ _ lpëep„,sZpB Nep !

Adpfp L$yV$y„bdp„\u kyf^_-riL$p¡sf_p¡ hl¡d `Z L$ped Mps¡ sZpB Nep¡ કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

Ly$v$fs_u L$¡X$uA¡ R>¡.A¡ bp¡g¡ A¡ sp¡ M¡X$|s_¡ d_ iyL$_ \ep NZpe. "ir_hpf' sp¡ L$l¡ l_ydp_v$pv$p_p¡ hpf. "v$¡hv$¡fp„ QX$pe `Z l_ydp__u lrX$e¡ _ QX$pe' L$„B hp„^p¡ _lu, Ap`Z¡ ir_hpf¡ hpm _ L$`phhp, _M _ L$p`hp L$¡ A¡L$ rv$' dp\pdp„ s¡g _ _pMhy„. rv$'_p¡ L$ép„ v$yL$pm R>¡ ? bpL$u_p R> hpf R>¡, buÅ¡ L$p¡B hpf `k„v$ L$fhp¡. `Z rMS>X$¡ dpdp¡ b¡W$p¡ lp¡e, `u`mp_p TpX$h¡ c|s lp¡e L$¡ Ap„L$X$p¡_p¡ Q|gp`pep¡ _ L$fpe-A¡ `pR>u kpfu hps R>¡. A¡ Mp¡V$p hl¡d _\u, `Z A¡ `ep®hfZfnp_p l¡sykf h©np¡_¡ bQphhp dpV$¡_u A¡ L$l¡su R>¡. r`s©Ap¡_¡ `pZu `phy„ : NpdX$p„Ap¡dp„ sp¡ A¡L$ A¡hp¡ e¡ rfhpS> R>¡ L$¡ cpv$fhu Adpk_p rv$hk¡ lp\dp„ Tpfu-gp¡V$p gC ^fp¡, bp¡fX$u, `u`m¡, hX$g¡, _v$u_¡ L$p„W$¡, Npep¡_p¡ Np¡„v$f¡ hN¡f¡ õ\m¡ r`s©Ap¡_¡ s©á L$fhp_p blp_¡ `pZu f¡X$hy„ Å¡BA¡. k„s A¡L$_p\ÆA¡ Aphy„ Å¡ey„ sp¡ _v$u_p hl¡Zdp„ Ecp flu Mp¡bg¡ Mp¡bg¡ v$rnZ rv$ipdp„ `pZu DX$pX$hp dp„X$ép. L$p¡BL$¡ L$üy„ L$¡ "A¡L$_p\Æ ! Ap iy„ L$fp¡ R>p¡ ?' sp¡ A¡L$_p\Æ L$l¡, "dp{„ M¡sf Ap bpS>y R>¡ A¡_¡ `pZu tkQy„ R>y„.' sp¡ `¡gp¡ S>Z L$l¡ " Ap sdp{„ Mp¡b¡ Mp¡b¡ Dg¡Q¡gy„ `pZu A¡V$g¡ v$|f \p¡X$y„ `lp¡„Q¡ ?'Ðepf¡ A¡L$_p\ÆA¡ L$l¡gy„ L$¡ "cgpcpB ! dp{„ M¡sf sp¡ _ÆL$ S> R>¡, Å¡ dp{„ Dg¡Q¡gy„ `pZu Ðep„ _ `lp¡„Qhp_y„ lp¡e sp¡ sdpfp hX$hpAp¡_¡ A¡V$g¡ b^¡ v$|f sd¡ Ap fus¡ f¡X$p¡ R>p¡ s¡ \p¡X$y„ `lp¡„Qsy„ li¡ ?' hX$hpAp¡_¡ `pZu sp¡ Æhs¡Æh s¡dZ¡ dpÁey„ Ðepf¡ `pey„ lp¡e sp¡ s¡d_p¡ L$p¡W$p¡ W$ep£ lp¡e ! bpL$u iy„ A\® R>¡ Aphu fus¡ Aphp hl¡d A_¡ fusrfhpÅ¡_u `pR>m kde A_¡ dNS> Mp¡ep L$fhp_p¡ ? g]by„-dfQp„ A_¡ Op¡X$p_p¡ _pm v$fhpS>¡ V$]NpX$hp : A¡L$ rv$hk h_-`ep®hfZ A„N¡_u A¡L$ rdtV$Ndp„ Ad¡ 5-7 M¡X$|s rdÓp¡ `pguspZp S>C füp lsp. fõspdp„ fp¡X$ D`f S> 3-4 dp¡V$fL$pf Ec¡gu Å¡B Ad¡ `Z "iy„ R>¡?' A¡ ÅZhp Æ` ^udu `pX$u-Ecu fpMu A_¡ Å¡ey„ sp¡ A¡L$ Op¡X$pNpX$uhpmp¡ lp\dp„ Op¡X$p_p `N¡\u _uL$mu Ne¡gp¡ "_pm' lp\dp„ JQp¡ fpMu, kp¥_¡ v$¡MpX$u, "O¡f¡ _pm V$]NpX$u fpMhp\u \sp apev$p' hZ®hu _pm_y„ h¡QpZ L$fsp¡ cpþep¡. Adpfp dpügp L$p¡B_¡ sp¡ Aphu l„bL$ hps Nm¡ \p¡X$u Dsf¡ ? Ad¡ કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

sp¡ Ðep„\u Qpgsu `L$X$u. `Z Adpfp dpügp W$pL$fiucpB L$l¡ "lufÆcpB ! sd¡ cg¡ _ dp_p¡, `Z v$fhpS>¡ Op¡X$p_p¡ "_pm' A_¡ g]by„-dfQp V$]NpX$hp_p¡ Å¡ L$„B gpc _ lp¡e sp¡ dp¡V$p dp¡V$p X$p¼V$fp¡ A_¡ i¡rW$epAp¡ `p¡sp_p v$hpMp_¡ L$¡ Ap¡rakp¡dp„ iy„ L$pd V$]NpX$sp lp¡e ?' d¢ L$üy„ L$¡ "W$pL$fiucpB ! X$p¡¼V$f L$¡ i¡rW$ep \C Nep A¡V$g¡ Aphp hl¡dp¡dp„\u _uL$mu Nep lp¡e A¡d dp_hy„ c|g cf¡gy„ R>¡. sd_¡ sp¡ Nm¡ Dsf¡ R>¡ _¡ L$¡ Op¡X$p_p¡ _pm L$¡ g]by„-dfQp„ sp¡ iy„, Op¡X$pNpX$u_y„ ApMy„ `¥X$y„ A_¡ g]by„-dfQp_u ApMu Np„lX$u bpfZ¡ V$]NpX$uA¡ sp¡e¡ rh_p `y{jp\£ L$ép„e fp¡V$gp dmsp _\u ! A¡hy„ L$fsp lp¡e A¡_¡ L$fhp Ûp¡. Ap S>dp_p¡ lh¡ Op¡X$p_p _pm L$¡ g]by„-dfQp„ V$p„Nhp\u \phphpmu âNrs_p¡ _\u füp¡. L$ç`yV$f A_¡ HV$f_¡V$_p¡ S>dp_p¡ Aphu Nep¡ R>¡ rdÓp¡ ! Ap`Z¡ lS>y A¡hp hl¡dp¡dp„ S> fÃep`Ãep fl¡iy„ sp¡ Mf¡Mf L$fhp S>¡hp L$pdp¡ L$fhp_p¡ Npmp¡ S> _l] dm¡ cpBAp¡ ! A¡dp„\u S>ëv$u blpf _uL$muA¡' Aphp hl¡dp¡e¡ `pf rh_p_p : Af¡ ! L$¡hp L$¡hp rhrQÓ hl¡dp¡ A_¡ fusrfhpÅ¡ Ap`Zp„ dp_kdp„ Of L$fu Nep R>¡ L$¡ _ `|R>p¡ hps ! Npdsf¡ S>hp _uL$muA¡ A_¡ rbgpX$u ApX$u Dsf¡ L$¡-L$|s{„ L$p_ L$f¡ L$¡ h¡mp-L$h¡mp_p¡ hMs lp¡e A_¡ Å¡ Qubfu bp¡gu EW$¡ sp¡ Mgpk ! cpf¡ A`iyL$_ S> \ep NZpe. rbgpX$u sp¡ Ap`Zp„ Ofp¡dp„ fl¡_pfp¡ Æh R>¡, iy„ A¡_¡ lfaf _l] L$fhp_u ? A¡ _ ApX$u Dsf¡ sp¡ iy„ kphS>-v$u`X$p ApX$p Dsf¡ ? A_¡ Qubfu sp¡ M¡su`pL$p¡_p¡ fps_p¡ fM¡hpm lp¡B, A¡ sp¡ M¡X$|s_u kl¡gu NZpe. A¡_u lpS>fu sp¡ Ap`Zu dp¡gpsp¡_¡ Jv$f S>¡hp fp_u Æhp¡\u fnZ Ap`_pf

Npe-bmv$ Mfuv$hp_p lp¡e L$¡ V$²¡¼V$f Å¡X$phhp_y„ lp¡e, L$|hp¡ Npmhp_p¡ lp¡e L$¡ dL$p__p `pep R>p`hp_p lp¡e, rsr\-hpf-_¡ Qp¡OrX$ep_p¡ d¡m L$fhpdp„ iy„L$pd hMs Nydphhp¡, L$p¡B L$l¡ip¡ ? `|fp d_\u L$p¡B L$pd_u iê$Aps L$fuA¡ sp¡ A¡dp„ kam \hp_p S> lp¡BA¡, W$pgy„ dyl|s® Å¡hfpìe¡ iy„ hm¡ ? v$¡Musu fus¡ A¡_p\L$u \sy„ _yL$ip_ cg¡ _ cmpsy„ lp¡e, `Z A¡_p\u _yL$ip_ iy„ \pe s¡ L$ly„? A¡_p\u d__u _bmpB h^¡ R>¡.õh`y{jp\® `f_p¡ cfp¡kp¡ OV$¡ R>¡."L$pd `pf `X$i¡ S>' A¡hu ÖYsp Ap¡R>u \pe R>¡.

Ap`Zp¡ rhðpk Ap`Zu Ås D`f\u Mku_¡ `¡gp kpfp d|l|s® D`f Qpëep¡ Åe, A¡ Ap`Zu _bmpB S> NZpe. g‚p¡ sp¡ kp{„ d|l|s® Å¡B_¡ S> L$fpsp„ lp¡e R>sp„ R>|V$pR>¡X$p \sp„ S> lp¡e R>¡. Aphp hl¡ddp„\u dy¼s \hp_p¡ L$yV$y„b_¡ v$pMgp¡ b¡kpX$hp S> Adpfp k„ey¼s L$yV$y„b_p A¡L$ v$uL$fp_p g‚ buÅ L$p¡B _ L$f¡ s¡hp "^p¡L$p' A¡V$g¡ L$¡ rv$hpmu A_¡ b¡ksp hj®_p hÃQ¡_p rv$hk¡ Mpk L$d|sy® Å¡B_¡ L$ep® ! A¡d_p¡ Ofk„kpf Apv$i® v$p„`Ðe_¡ ê$`¡ hlu füp¡ R>¡.

Ap 21du kv$u rhop_eyN_u Qpgu flu R>¡.

R>sp„ Ap`Z¡ Ðep„_p cZ¡gp L$gpL$pfp¡, r¾$L$¡V$fp¡, fpS>L$pfZuAp¡, rhop_uAp¡ A_¡ dp¡V$p dp¡V$p M¡fMp„Ap¡ `Z Mp¡V$p hl¡dp¡ A_¡ A„^îÙpdp„ NfL$ph \e¡gp cmpe R>¡. Ap kpQp rinZ_u r_ip_u _\u. `p¡sp_p `y{jp\® `f Æh_pfp¡ M¡X$|s iy„ Apdp„\u bpL$ps _l] flu iL$¡ ? L$l¡su R>¡-"A¡ hug hug apHX$ A¡ h¡'- d_ lp¡e sp¡ S>ê$f dpmh¡ `lp¡„Qpe lp¡ rdÓp¡ ! ÖY k„L$ë` iy„ _\u L$fu iL$sp¡ ?

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9

L$©rj eyr_hk}$V$u_p Üpf¡\u M¡s `¡v$pi_p JQp cph d¡mhhp dpV$¡_u ìeyl fQ_p kdÅhsp kh® îu âp¡. fpS>v$utkl A¡d. ÅX$¡Å, X$p¸. L$¡. `u. W$pL$f, îu X$u.

X$u. Qp¥^fu L$©rj A\®ip÷ rhcpN, Qud_cpC `V$¡g L$©rj dlprhÛpge, kfv$pf L$©rj_Nf v$p„suhpX$p L$©rj eyr_hrk®V$u, kfv$pf L$©rj_Nf - 385506 ap¡_: (02748) 278294 (A) hphZu `l¡gp„_p `Ngp : hphZu dpV$¡_p¡ `pL$ `k„v$ L$fhp¡. hphZu dpV$¡ kde L$fpf Ap^pqfs M¡su `pL$ rhdp¡ (b) hphZu bpv$ _p `Ngp M¡su MQ® OV$pX$hp¡

rv$h¡gp_u hphZu Ap¡Nô$dp„ L$fhp_u cgpdZ L$fsp kh® îu X$p¸. A¡_. X$u. Yp¡gfuep, X$p¸. Apf. bu. dpv$fuep, îu A¡d. A¡k. Qp¥^fu s\p îu A¡g. A¡g. g]bX$uep,dy¿e s¡gurbep„ k„ip¡^_ L$¡ÞÖ, S>|_pNY L$©rj eyr_hrk®V$u, S>|_pNY-36f001 Æ.A¡.ey.ku.A¡Q.-1 A_¡ Æ.ku.A¡Q.-2 Ås S>ygpC_p A„s\u 15 Ap¡NõV$ ky^udp„ 90 # 60 k¡.du._p A„sf¡ hphZu L$fhu. Æ.ku.A¡Q.-6 A_¡ Æ.ku.A¡Q.-4 Ås Ap¡NõV$ dÝedp„ 120 #$ 60 k¡.du._p A„sf¡ hphZu L$fhu Æ.ku.A¡Q.-5 v$uh¡gp Ap¡NõV$ dÝe\u kàV$¡çbf_p â\d `MhprX$ep ky^udp„ 150 #$ 75 k¡.du._p A„sf¡ hphZu L$fhu. frhrv$h¡gp_u hphZu 15 Ap¡¼V$p¡bf Apk`pk 90 #$ 60 k¡.du._p A„sf¡ L$fhu. frhFsy_u hphZu dpV$¡ Æ.ku.A¡Q.-5 Ås cgpdZ L$f¡g R>¡.

v$uh¡gp_u AÞe Åsp¡ S>¡hu L$¡ Æ.ku.A¡Q.-7, Æ.ku.-3, Æ.ku.A¡Q.-8, Æ.ku.A¡Q.-9, Æ.A¡.ku.-11, Æ.ku.A¡Q.-10 Mfua rv$h¡gp_u hphZu Ap¡NõV$_p buÅ `MhprX$ep ky^udp„ 150 #$ 120 L$„v$d|m `pL$p¡_p fpÅ - kyfZ rhi¡ k¡.du._p A„sf¡ L$fhu. dprlsu Ap`sp kh® îu X$p¸. A¡k. A¡_. kfh¥ep, X$p¸. rldp_u bu. `V$¡g A_¡ âp¡. Æ. bu. v$¡kpC, ipL$cpÆ g]bp¡mu_u d]S>_p¡ L$k/AL$® rhop_ rhcpN, Aõ`u bpNpes-h-h_ue dlprhÛpge, b_phhp_u fus S>Zphsp _hkpfu L$©rj eyr_hrk®V$u, _hkpfu - 396 450. îu X$p¸. ku.bu. ^p¡bu

A_¡ X$p¸. `u. L$¡. bp¡fX$, L$uV$L$ip÷ rhcpN, NZhÑpeyL$s `pL$ DÐ`pv$_ bu.A¡.ku.A¡., ApL$©ey, ApZ„v$ rbepfZ_y„ L$v$ : ìep`prfL$ M¡su dpV$¡ : 500 \u 1000 N°pd hS>__p L$„v$ (ApMp ap¡_: (0f69f) ff`713 L©$rj ep„qÓL$fZ A\hp V$|L$X$p) D_pmpdp„ gudX$p_p TpX$ `f\u (L$) L$p`Zu bpv$_p `Ngp rbepfZ_u S>ê$rfeps : 75 #$ 75 k¡.du._p A„sf dpV$¡ A¡L$ l¡¼V$f¡ Mfu `X$¡gu g]bp¡mu c¡Nu L$fu dprlsu A_¡ k„Qpf 500 N°pd hS>__u Apif¡ 9 V$_ Np„W$ A\hp 90 #$ 90 k¡.du._p A¡L$ dp¡V$p X$²ddp„ `pZudp„ f \u 3 A„sf dpV$¡ A¡L$ l¡¼V$f¡ 1 rL$gp¡ hS>__u Apif¡ 12 V$_ Np„W$_u S>ê$rfeps fl¡ R>¡.

V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ_p¡ D`ep¡N rv$hk `gpmu fpMp¡. Ðepfbpv$ My‰u M¡X$|sp¡`ep¡Nu cgpdZ : ArMg cpfsue k„L$rgs L$„v$d|m `pL$p¡_u k„ip¡^_ S>Áepdp„ Ap g]bp¡muAp¡ `p\fu A_¡ M¡s `¡v$pip¡_y„ hN} ep¡S>_p, _hkpfu L$©rj eyr_hrk®V$u, _hkpfu Üpfp v$rnZ NyS>fps cpf¡ s¡ _¡ L$p\u_p X$|Qp_u dv$v$\u Oku L$fZ (N°¡X$]N) hfkpv$ue hpsphfZ rhõspf (A¡.C.A¡k. 3)_p„ kyfZ_u NS>¡ÞÖ Ås s¡_p D`f_p R>p¡X$p v$|f L$fp¡. Ðepfbpv$ A_¡ dp_L$uL$fZ hphsp„ M¡X$|sp¡_¡ cgpdZ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ L$¡ kyfZ_u 250 N°pd g]bp¡mu_p bu c¡Np L$fu gp¡ A_¡ R>p„eX$pdp„ (õV$pÞX$fX$pCT¡i_) hS>__u Np„W$ 60 #$ 60 k¡.du._p A„sf¡ hphhp\u dlÑd ÓZ Qpf rv$hk k|L$hu buS>_¡ L$„sp__p L$p¡\ M¡s `¡v$pip¡_„y `¡L$¡Æ„N Ap[\®L$ apev$p¡ d¡mhu iL$pe R>¡. Ap fus¡ kyfZ_u mpdp„ k„N°lu fpMp¡. k„N°l M¡sudp„ rbepfZ_p MQ®dp„ _p¢^`pÓ S>ê$rfeps dyS>b g]bp¡mu_p bu dp„\u Mp„X$rZep A_¡ dyëeh^®_ ÂpV$pX$p¡ \C iL$¡ R>¡. k| ` X$ p _u dv$v$\u c|Mfp f„N_u d]S>_¡ AgN `pX$p¡. 100 r_L$pk rgV$f_y „ âhplu rdîZ b_phhy„ lp¡e sp¡ Aphu ` rL$.N°p. d]S> S>ê$f `X$¡. d] kpdpÞe fus¡ L$pZu bpv$ M¡s`¡v$pip¡_p cph S>_p¡ bpfuL$ c|L$p¡ b_php¡. d]S>_p c|L$p_p 1-1 rL$.N°p._p ` cpN `pX$u v$f¡L$ cpN_¡ dg-dg L$p`X$_u _uQp S>sp fl¡sp lp¡e R>¡ A¡hy„ OZuhpf b_¡ R>¡. `p¡V$gudp„ bp„^u f \u 3 L$gpL$ ky^u ` rgV$f `pZu cf¡gu X$p¡gdp„ `gpmu fpMp¡. bÅfdp„ dp„N L$fsp `yfhW$p¡ h^sp Aphy„ \sy„ Ap `p¡V$gu_¡ Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>y„ ` \u 6 hpf lp\\u dkmhp\u d]S>_p¡ L$k `pZudp„ Aphu S>i¡ A_¡ ÖphZ lp¡e R>¡. Å¡ M¡X$|sp¡ `p¡sp_u M¡s`¡v$pip¡_p¡ h^y v$|r^ep f„N_y„ b_i¡. Ap ÖphZdp„ buS>y„ h^pfp_y„ `pZu Dd¡fu L$yg f0 rgV$f_p¡ S>Õ\p¡ b_php¡. Ðepfbpv$ cph d¡mhhp dp„Nsp lp¡e sp¡ M¡s `¡v$pip¡_p¡ Ap ÖphZdp„ f0 N°pd kpby_u c|L$u L$¡ L$p¡C `Z ^p¡hp_p¡ rX$V$fS>ÞV$ `phX$f Dd¡fp¡ Ap fus¡ ` rL$.N°p. ep¡Áe k„N°l L$fhp¡ S>ê$fu R>¡. S>¡\u Äepf¡ bÅ2dp„ d]S>dp„\u 100 rgV$f âhplu_p¡ L$k s¥epf \i¡ S>¡ ` %_p¡ li¡ S>¡_¡ ku^p¡ S> `pL$ D`f R>p„V$u iL$pi¡. ep¡Áe cph dm¡ Ðepf¡ M¡s `¡v$pip¡_y„ h¡QpZ kphQ¡su : ÖphZ s¥epf L$fsu hMs¡ A_¡ L$ep® bpv$ L$v$u DL$pmhy„ _l]. l„di ¡ p spÅ ÖphZ_p¡ S> ApN°l L$fu iL$pe. Ap\u k„N°l v$fçep_ bNpX$ _ \ fpMhp¡ kpdpÞe fus¡ 1 l¡L$V$f_p rhõspf_p R>V„ $L$ph dpV$¡ 400-`00 rgV$f `pZu_u S>ê$f `X$su lp¡e R>.¡ pe A¡_u L$pmÆ fpMhu A_¡ k„N°l_u h¥opr_L$ hphZu A„sf : 75 #$ 75 k¡.du. (500 \u 550 N°pd hS>__p L$„v$/V$|L$X$p dpV$¡) A\hp 90 # 90 k¡.du. (1 rL$gp¡ hS>__p„ L$„v$/V$|L$X$p dpV$¡)

`Ùrs_p¡ Adg L$fhp¡ Å¡CA¡ s¡dS> kfL$pfîu Üpfp Adgdp„ d|L$¡g k„N°l_¡ gNsu rhrh^ ep¡S>_pAp¡_p¡ `Z gpc g¡hp¡ Å¡CA¡.

10

L$C Æhps kpd¡ D`ep¡N L$fu iL$pe : b^p S> âL$pf_u `p_ Mp_f Cemp¡ A_¡ Q|kuep„ âL$pf_u Æhpsp¡ S>¡hu L$¡, dp¡gp¡-diu, sX$rsX$ep, ka¡v$ dpMu, [\°àk, `p_ L$\ufu hN¡f¡ dpV$¡ Ap âhplu rdîZ_p¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡.

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

DÑd M¡su

lmv$f - âNrs A_¡ ârscp

>DÑd M¡su îu _ug¡j L$pdfuep dv$v$_ui bpNpes r_epdL$, k„eyL$s bpNpes r_epdL$îu_u L$Q¡fu 5/7 blydpmu ch_, f¡kL$p¡j® fp¡X$, fpS>L$p¡V$ કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

NyS>fpsdp R>‰ ¡ p v$kL¡ $ hj® `l¡gp b¡ lÅf l¡¼V$f\u `Z Ap¡R>p rhõspfdp„ hhpsu lmv$f_y„ hph¡sf bdZp\u `Z h^y hÝey R>.¡ hph¡sf_u kp`¡ndp„ DÐ`pv$_ sp¡ ÓZ NZp\u `Z h^pf¡ R>,¡ S>¡ Ap`Zp M¡X$| sp¡_u Ap `pL$ âÐe¡ h^pf¡ DÐ`pv$_ g¡hp_u AphX$s v$M ¡ pX$¡ R>.¡ rv$hk¡-rv$hk¡ M¡X$| sp¡ kde kp\¡ spg dugphhp _hp-_hp A_¡ h^y dyëe ^fphsp `pL$p¡ sfa TyL$sp Åe R>,¡ S>d ¡ p„ lmv$f_p¡ `Z kdph¡i \pe R>.¡ kpdpÞe fus¡ hhpsu lmv$f_¡ gugu _ h¢Qsp, dyëeh^®_ L$fu s¡_u kyL$hZu Üpfp kyL$p NpW$uep L$¡ `phX$f_p„ ê$`dp„ h¢QpZ L$fhp AÐepf¡ M¡X$| sp¡ Myb âdpZdp„ â¡fpep R>¡ A_¡ s¡d_¡ Ap dyëeh^®_ \L$u kpfp `¥kp `Z dmu füp R>.¡ lmv$f `L$hsp NyS>fps_p„ âNsuiug M¡X$| sp¡ `Z lpg `e®s sp¡ kyN^ „ d, kp„Ngu A_¡ kpg¡d S>h ¡ u lmv$f_u `pf„`fuL$ Åsp¡ hphu kp{ DÐ`pv$_ ëe¡ R>.¡ `f„sy bly Ap¡R>p M¡X$| sp¡ Ap `pL$_u rhL$kus A_¡ lpBb°uX$ h¡fpeV$uAp¡ A`_ph¡ R>.¡ A¡L$ Aæepk âdpZ¡ NyS>fps Mps¡_u v$ps „ uhpX$p L$r© j ey_uhk}$V$u Üpfp rhL$kph¡g kyN^ „ d Ås 15 (`„v$f) V$_ ârs l¡¼V$f DÐ`pv$_ Ap`¡ R>.¡ S>d ¡ p„ lmv$fdp„ Ars ANÐe_p„ A¡hp

L$fL$éd y u__p„ 3.1%, Ap¡guep¡fT ¡ u_ 11% A_¡ 2.7% S>V¡ $gy AphíeL$ s¡g lp¡e R>.¡ cpfs v$ry _ep_p„ kp¥\u h^y lmv$f_p„ DÐ`pv$_ L$fsp fpô²_u kp\¡ kp¥\u h^y r_L$pk L$fsp¡ v$i ¡ `Z R>.¡ h¥rðL$ DÐ`pv$_dp„ 78% _u cpNuv$pfu kp\¡ cpfs 11 gpM V$_ ârs hj® DÐ`pv$_ \L$u rhðdp„ Myb dp¡V$u `L$X$ ^fph¡ R>.¡ cpfsue lmv$f_¡ Ap„sfuL$ NyZp¡ A_¡ h^y L$fL$éd y u_ ^fphsp lp¡hp\u v$_ y uepdp„ kp¥\u kpfu NyZhÑp hpmu dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ R>.¡ Ap lmv$f_p„ QdL$ugp `ump f„N_p„ L$pfZ¡ "cpfsue L$k ¡ f' _p„ ê$`dp„ `Z s¡ Ap¡mMpe R>.¡ Ap `ump f„N_p¡ dy¿e f„N OV$L$ L$fL$éd y u_ S> R>.¡ bly Ap¡R>p lmv$f `L$hsp M¡X$| sp¡ li¡ S>¡ L$fL$éd y u_ rhi¡ ÅZsp _ lp¡e A¡V$g¡ s¡_p„ gpcp¡_u hps _ L$fsp ApS>¡ s¡_p„ h^y V$L$p ^fphsu A_¡ h^y DÐ`pv$_ Ap`su lmv$f_u Åsp¡ rhi¡ hps L$fhu R>.¡ BÞX$ue_ BÞõV$uV$éVy $ Ap¡a õ`pBk fukQ® (IISR), L$pguL$V$ - L$f¡ pgp k„õ\p Üpfp hj® 2017 dp„ lmv$f_u Ås "âNrs' blpf `X$pe¡g. S>¡ `f„`fpNs Åsp¡\u A¡L$ drl_p¡ hl¡gu `pL$su (180 rv$hk¡) A_¡ 38 V$_ ârs l¡¼V$f S>V¡ $gy h^y કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

11

DÑd M¡su

DÐ`pv$_ Ap`su Ås R>.¡ Ap¥j^ue NyZhÑp bpbs¡ `Z Ap Ås Myb kpfu R>.¡ S>d ¡ p„ 5.02% L$fL$éd y u_, 15.29% Ap¡guep¡fT ¡ u_ A_¡ 6.3% S>V¡ $gy AphíeL$ s¡g lp¡e R>.¡ âdpZdp„ W$]NZu (104 k¡du) JQpB ^fphsu Ap h¡fpeV$udp„ 3 \u 4 `ugp _uL$m¡ R>¡ S>¡ `pL$su hMs¡ R>pX¡ $ rv$W$ 580 N°pd S>V¡ $gp L$g y A¡hf¡S> hS>_ kp\¡ kpê$ DÐ`pv$_ Ap`¡ R>.¡ S>¡ M¡X$| sp¡_¡ gp„bu dyv$s_u A_¡ âNrs L$¡ k¡gd L$fsp„ `Z h^y L$fL$éd y u_ Ap`su Åsp¡ `k„v$ L$fhu lp¡e sp¡ D`ey¼® s k„õ\ p_u S> hj® 1996 dp„ blpf `X$pe¡g Ås R>¡ – ârscp. Ap Ås fuguT \ep_¡ `Quk¡'L$ hj® bpv$ `Z ApS> rv$_ ky^u Ap k„õ\p_¡ 39 V$_ ârs l¡¼V$f\u `Z h^y DÐ`pv$_ Ap`su L$pB ¡ Ås dmu _\u. hmu 6.5% L$fL$éd y u_, 16.2% Ap¡guep¡fT ¡ u_ A_¡ 6.2% AphíeL$ s¡g_u V$L$phpfu kp\¡ cfphv$pf A_¡ S>õy kphpmp lmv$f_p„ Np„W$uep Ap h¡fpeV$udp„ \pe R>.¡ Ap\u ârscp Ap k„õ\p_u kpfpdp„ kpfu Åsp¡dp„ AN°sp ¾$d¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ V$½$f dpf¡ s¡hu lpg¡ L$pB ¡ Ås Ap k„õ\p `pk¡ _\u.

NyS>fpsdp„ cgpdZ _ lp¡hp R>sp NÎep-NpW$ép h¡`pfu M¡X$| sp¡A¡ Ap h¡fpeV$u_p¡ ìehkpeuL$ A_¡ h^y L$fL$éd y u_ d¡mhhp \p¡X$p hjp£ `l¡gp hph¡sf L$fg ¡ . S>_ ¡ p„ OZp kpfp DÐ`pv$__p„ ê$`dp„ `rfZpdp¡ Aphp h¡`pfu M¡X$| sp¡_¡ dþep R>.¡ s¡d_¡ `yR „ >sp A¡h„y `Z ÅZhp dm¡ R>¡ L$¡ dlpfpô²_u kp„Ngu dpL$V£ $dp„ ârscp A_¡ âNrs_p„ buÆ h¡fpeV$uAp¡ L$fsp QX$uepsp cph `Z dm¡ R>.¡ NyS>fps krls v$i ¡ cf_p„ M¡X$| sp¡ Ap k„ip¡^_ L$Þ¡ Ö Üpfp k„ip¡^us Åsp¡ _ÆL$_p„ õ\m¡\u d¡mhu iL$¡ s¡hp kpfp l¡s\ y u v$i ¡ cfdp„ AgN-AgN `pL$p¡ A_¡ s¡_u h¡fpeV$uAp¡ h¢QpZ L$fhp dpV$¡ kv$f k„õ\p Üpfp r_edp¡_k y pf OZu `¡YuAp¡_¡ gpekÞk `Z A`pe¡g R>.¡ Ap\u Å¡ L$pB ¡ M¡X$| s Aphu

12

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

h¡fpeV$uAp¡ d¡mhhp BÃR>Ly $ lp¡e sp¡ s¡ http://spices.res. in/pages/list-planting-material-licensees-iisr h¡bkpBV$ D`f r_v$}$ô L$fg ¡ dpÞe gpekÞkv$pf `pk¡\u rbepfZ Mfuv$u L$fu iL$¡ R>.¡ âNrs A_¡ ârscp rkhpe_u `Z cpfs_p„ AgN-AgN fpÄep¡dp„ âcp, L$ps „ u, ip¡cp, CO2, f„Np, fpS>Þ¡ Ö kp¡_uep, _f¢Ö lëv$u S>h ¡ u h¡fpeV$uAp¡ âQgus R>.¡ lmv$f `L$hsp M¡X$| sp¡_p„ Ås-AMsfpAp¡dp„ A¡L$ bpbs A¡hu agus \pe R>¡ L$¡ âpL$r© sL$ L$r© j `Ý^rsAp¡ Üpfp Å¡ Ap `pL$ `L$hhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ s¡dp„ L$fL$éd y u_ S>h ¡ p Ap¥j^ue sÐhp¡ A_¡ DÐ`pv$_, bß¡_u V$L$phpfudp„ h^pfp¡ \pe R>.¡ Æhpd©s_u Myb kL$pfpÐdL$ Akfp¡ lmv$f `pL$ D`f A_ychpe R>,¡ S>_ ¡ ¡ b_phhp 200 guV$f `pZudp„ 10 rL$gp¡ v$i ¡ u Npe_y„ spS>y R>pZ, 10 guV$f v$i ¡ u Npe_y„ Np¥dÓ y , 1 rL$gp¡ L$W$pm ¡ _p¡ gp¡V$, 1 rL$gp¡ v$i ¡ u Np¡m A_¡ 500 N°pd hX$ L$¡ fpamp_u dpV$u c¡fhhpdp„ Aph¡ R>.¡ Ap duîZ rv$hkdp„ khpf-kp„S> OX$uepm_u rv$ipdp„ 3-3 du_uV$ lgphhy.„ lhp_u Ahf-S>hf \pe s¡hp L$`X$p L$¡ L$p\ ¡ mp\u Yp„L$u_¡ R>peX$pdp„ fpMhp\u 4-6 rv$hk¡ Æhpd©s s¥epf! s¥epf \e¡g ÖphZ_¡ ÆZp L$`X$p\u Npmu_¡ 1 \u 3 hpf R>V„ $L$ph L$fu iL$pe - ^p¡fuep s¡dS> X$u² `dp„ A¡L$ A¡L$fdp„ 200 guV$f Ap`u iL$pe R>.¡ R>V„ $L$ph hMs¡ `„`dp„ 2 \u 2.5 guV$f Æhpd©s_y„ âdpZ fpMhy.„ S>¡ kpdpÞe fus¡ 15 (`„v$f) rv$hk_p„ A„sfpg¡ A`psy„ lp¡e R>.¡ Ap\u Å¡ Ap`Zp _hy„ A`_phhp V$h ¡ pe¡gp M¡X$| sp¡ `f„`fpNs rkhpe_u âNrs, ârscp S>h ¡ u k„ip¡^us Åsp¡ Æhpd©s S>h ¡ p S>X$ubyËu kdp_ Mpsf kp\¡ h¥op_uL$ Yb¡ A`_phi¡ sp¡ lmv$f `pL$dp„ lS>y `Z Óuk V$L$p S>V¡ $gp¡ DÐ`pv$_ A_¡ `rfZpd¡ _ap¡ h^hp k„ch R>.¡ કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

d¡f¡ v$¡i L$u ^fsu

S>„sy_piL$p¡_p„ Mpgu `¡L$_y„ kpsÐe`|Z® r_ed_ A_¡ r_L$pg A¡L$ S>rV$g kdõep

kdõep iy„ R>¡ ?

dpV$¡ AgN AgN ArcNd A`_phhp¡ S>ê$fu R>.¡

S>s „ _ y piL$p_ ¡ p DÐ`pv$L$, rhsfL$, D`ep¡N L$f_pf, `ep®hfZ ip÷uAp¡, h¥opr_L$p¡ A_¡ spdp„ k„br„ ^s gp¡L$pd ¡ p„ ÅN©rs gphhp dpV$¡ d¢ Ap g¡M g¿ep¡ R>.¡ Å¡ b^pS> Ap kdõep_¡ kdÆ iL$¡ A_¡ s¡_p D`pe dp„ kp\ Ap`¡ sp¡ Ap kdõep_y„ kdp^p_ \B iL$.¡ sp¡ `l¡gp Ap`Z¡ Ap kdõep_¡ kdS>hp_p¡ âepk L$fue¡

S>s „ _ y piL$p_ ¡ p `pÓp¡ dp¡V$¡ cpN¡ àgp[õV$L$dp„\u DÐ`ß \pe R>,¡ s¡\u s¡ àgp[õV$L$_p h^sp S>sp `h®sdp„ apmp¡ Ap`¡ R>.¡ cpfsdp„ L$Qfp¡ OZuhpf ArhQpfu`Z¡ `ep®hfZdp„ a¢L$u v$h ¡ pdp„ Aph¡ R>,¡ bpmu _pMhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ A\hp M¡sfp¡_u _ÆL$ v$a_phhpdp„ Aph¡ R>.¡ Ap L$pYu _p„Mg ¡ Mpgu `¡tL$N S>s „ _ y piL$p_ ¡ p Ahi¡jp¡ kp\¡_p v$j | Z_¡ L$pfZ¡ S>du_ A_¡ c|Nc® S>m_p âv$j | Z_y„ Å¡Md `Z Dcy„ L$f¡ R>.¡ A_¡ `rfZpd¡ kdyv$pe A_¡ `ep®hfZ dpV$¡ Å¡Mdu b_u iL$¡ R>.¡ Ap kdõepAp¡ D`fp„s, S>s „ _ y piL$p¡ _p Mpgu `¡L$ _p¡ D`ep¡N Ofp¡ dp„ `pZu A_¡ Mp¡fpL$ _p k„Nl° dp„ `Z Å¡hp dþep¡ R>.¡ S>_ ¡ p v$f| Npdu `rfZpdp¡ MybS> dpW$p lp¡e R>.¡

S>s „ _ y piL$p_ ¡ p kgpds k„Qpg_, k„Nl° A_¡ D`ep¡N_¡ kyr_ròs L$fhp dpV$¡ Mpgu `¡L$_„y kyep¡Áe r_ed_ Myb S> AphíeL$ R>.¡ kdN° d|ëe i©M „ gpdp„ A_¡ s¡_p\u ApNm. S>s „ _ y piL$p_ ¡ p h`fpi `R>u Ap `¡¼k _L$pdp b_u Åe R>¡ (Mpgu `¡[õV$kpBX$ L$ÞV$_ ¡ f A\hp B`uku). S>s „ _ y piL$p_ ¡ p D`ep¡N A_¡ k„Qpg__u hs®dp_ âZpgu_¡ L$pfZ¡, s¡_p Mpgu `¡tL$N (Mpgu bp¡V$g A_¡ `pDQ)_y„ âdpZ DÐ`ß \e¡g h^u füy R>.¡ àgp[õV$L$ L$Qfp_p AdguL$fZ `f L$Þ¡ Öue âv$j | Z r_e„ÓZ bp¡X$® (ku`ukubu)_p¡ hprj®L$ Al¡hpg 201920 d¡_S¡ >dÞ¡ V$ ê$ëk, 2016dp„ 2019-20 v$frdep_ àgp[õV$L$_p A„v$prS>s L$Qfp_y„ DÐ`pv$_ A„v$pS>¡ 34,69,780 V$_ ârs hj® \i¡ s¡hp¡ D‰¡M L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>.¡ .

d¡f¡ v$¡i L$u ^fsu bLy$g Å¡ju. bakul.joshi@yahoo.co.in

કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

Mpgu S>s „ _ y piL$p_ ¡ p„ `pÓp¡_p kpsÐe`|Z® ìehõ\p`__p gpcp¡ ey_pBV$X¡ $ _¡iÞk_p a|X$ A¡ÞX$ A¡rN°L$ëQfg Ap¡N_ £ pBT¡i_ (A¡aA¡Ap¡) A¡ S>s „ _ y piL$p_ ¡ p Mpgu `¡L$_p N¡fhluhV$_p r_fpL$fZ dpV$¡ 2008 dp„ rhrh^ v$i ¡ p¡ A_¡ AÞe cpNuv$pfp¡_¡ gÿedp„ fpMu gÿep„rL$s r_ed__p rhL$ë`p¡ `f dpN®v$i_ ® âv$p_, ep¡Áe _ursAp¡ A_¡ L$pe®¾$dp¡_u fQ_p L$fu R>.¡ rhð.

Ap `l¡g _¡ rhð_p OZp v$i ¡ p¡ Üpfp kpfp¡ ârskpv$ dþep¡ R>.¡

¾$p` ¡ gpBa B[ÞX$ep (L$¡ S>¡ ¾$p` ¡ gpCa BÞV$f_¡i_g_y„ cpfsue A¡L$d R>¡ S>¡ S>s „ _ y piL$p¡ b_phsu 16 dp¡V$u L$` „ _uAp¡_„y A¡kp¡rkA¡i_ R>)¡ _p âp\rdL$ A„v$pÅ¡ k|Qh¡ R>¡ L$¡ cpfsue bÅf dp„. Apif¡ 35000 d¡rV$L² $ V$_ âp\rdL$ S>s „ _ y piL$ `¡tL$N L$fhpdp„ Apìey„ lsy.„ 2020 Ap cpfsdp„ `¡v$p \sp L$g y A„v$prS>s àgp[õV$L$ L$Qfp_p¡ 1 V$L$p rlõkp¡ R>.¡ ¾$p` ¡ gpCa B[ÞX$ep _u d¡çbf L$` „ _uAp¡_p A¡L$ kh£ dyS>b S>s „ _ y piL$ v$hpAp¡ _p `¡tL$N dp„ 61% kMs àgp[õV$L$_p¡ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>.¡ _uQ¡_p N°pa dp„ AgN AgN âL$pf_p `¡tL$N_p¡ L$V¡ $gp¡ D`ep¡N \pe R>¡ s¡ v$ip®ìey„ R>.¡ Ap v$fL¡ $ àgp[õV$L$ dV$f¡ uAg_p kpsÐe`|hL® $ r_ed_ A_¡ r_L$pg કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

13

d¡f¡ v$¡i L$u ^fsu

¾$p` ¡ gpBa BÞV$f_¡i_g S>s „ _ y piL$p_ ¡ p Mpgu `¡L$_p r_ed_ A_¡ r_L$pg dpV$¡ î¡› `ÙrsAp¡ rhL$kphhp A_¡ âp¡Ðkpl_ Ap`hp dpV$¡ s¡_p õ\pr_L$ kæe k„NW$_p¡ kp\¡ L$pd L$fu flu R>.¡ Ap âeÐ_p¡ _p¡ Dv$i ¡ S>s „ _ y piL$p_ ¡ p `¡tL$Ndp„ àgp[õV$L$ _p¡ D`ep¡N ApR>p¡ \pe s¡ dpV$¡ \B füp R>.¡ `rfZpd¡, kpW$ v$i ¡ p¡dp„ d¡_S¡ >dÞ¡ V$ rkõV$çk õ\pr`s L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>.¡ hj® 2005\u AÐepf ky^udp„ A¡L$ rdrge_ d¡rV$L² $ V$_ (A¡dV$u)\u h^y S>s „ _ y piL$p¡ _p Mpgu `¡L$ _¡ S>hpbv$pfu`|hL® $ M¡sfdp„\u v$f| L$fhpdp„ Apìep R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p¡ _pi L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡ A\hp rfkpeL$g (`y_: D`ep¡N) L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>.¡ Å¡Mdp¡_y„ r_ed_

ìehkpreL$ kpsÐesp

õh-V$L$pD A\® ìehõ\p

• `ep®hfZ A_¡ `pZu dpV$¡ kyfrns • dp_h A_¡ AÞe `iyAp¡ dpV$¡ kyfrns • Mpgu `¡L$_p kyfrns r_L$pg • X$yàguL$¡V$ S>„sy_piL$p¡\u bQph

• S>„sy_piL$p¡_p¡ kpsÐe`|Z® D`ep¡N • L$©rj fkpeZp¡ b_phsu L$„`_u_p¡ S>hpbv$pfu cep£ L$pfp¡bpf • S>„sy_piL$p¡_p Mpgu `¡L$_p¡ `y_: D`ep¡N Üpfp àgp[õV$L$ L$Qfp_p `h®sp¡_u kdõep_y„ kdp^p_ • `ep®hfZ_u kyfnp • fpô²ue A_¡ Ap„sffpô²ue S>hpbv$pfuAp¡_y„ hl_

• hsy®mus A\®ìehõ\p (Circular economy)_¡ âp¡Ðkpl_ • õh-V$L$pD hprZÄe ìehõ\p Üpfp õhfp¡S>Npf _u sL$p¡

h¥rðL$ âepkp¡ 1. rhð Apfp¡Áe k„õ\p/ MpÛ L$r© j k„õ\p (WHO/FAO) L$r© jfkpeZp¡_p rhsfZ, S>s „ _ y piL$p_ ¡ p Mpgu `pÓp¡ dpV$¡ ìehõ\p`_ rhL$ë`p¡, s¡d_p r_L$pg kp\¡ k„L$mpe¡gu `ep®hfZue Akfp¡ A_¡ D`ep¡N_u Ap„sffpô²ue ApQpfk„rlsp A_¡ dpN®v$ri®L$pAp¡ kpdpÞe fus¡ `|fu `pX$¡ R>.¡ 2. rhð Apfp¡Áe k„õ\p S>s „ _ y piL$p_ ¡ p Mpgu `pÓp¡ ÓZ hpf kpa L$fu v$hp_p A„ip¡ Ap `¡L$ dp„\u v$f| L$fhp_u cgpdZ L$f¡ R>¡ v$p. s. Ap¡õV$r¡² gep v$i ¡ dp„ ÓZ hpf kpa L$fg ¡ p Mpgu S>s „ _ y piL$p¡ _p `¡L$ _¡ L$` „ _uAp¡ Üpfp afu\u D`ep¡N dp„ g¡hpdp„ Aph¡R>.¡ `Z Å¡ s¡ kpa _ L$fg ¡ p lp¡e sp¡ s¡_¡ _yL$ip_ L$pfL$ NZhpdp„ Aph¡ R>.¡ eyfp¡r`e_ v$i ¡ p¡ _u Å¡NhpCAp¡ k|Qh¡ R>¡ L$¡ Äep„ L$Qfpdp„ T¡fu v$hp _u dpÓp 0.1 V$L$p\u Ap¡R>p¡ lp¡e R>,¡ S>s „ _ y piL$p_ ¡ p Mpgu `pÓp¡ _¡ _yL$ip_L$pfL$ NZhpdp„ Aphsp _\u A_¡ `¡L$t¡ S>N_¡ "rb_-Å¡Mdu" sfuL$¡ hN}$L$s © L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>.¡ cpfs kfL$pf_u B[ÞX$e_ L$pD[Þkg Ap¡a A¡rN°L$ëQf rfkQ®_p ArMg cpfsue _¡V$hL$® âp¡S>¼¡ V$ Ap¡_ `¡[õV$kpBX$ i¡j (A¡ApBA¡_`u`uApf) Üpfp lp\ ^fhpdp„ Aph¡gp spS>s ¡ f_p Aæepk dp„ ÓZ hpf kpa L$fg ¡ p Mpgu S>s „ _ y piL$p¡ _p `¡L$ _u AkfL$pfL$sp_¡ h^y v$ip®hhpdp„ Aphu R>.¡ cpfs kfL$pf _p Ap Aæepk dp„ A¡h„y spfZ _uL$þey„ R>¡ L$¡ Å¡ b^pS> Mpgu `¡L$ _¡ ÓZ hMpZ kpfu fus¡ kpa L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ v$hp _p A„ip¡ L$pC ¡ `Z âL$pf _p `¡L$ dp„ 99% S>V¡ $gp Ap¡R>p \B S>sp lp¡e R>.¡

14

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

h¥rðL$ âepkp¡_„y âhs®dp_ ApL$g_: 2019 ky^udp„, rhðcf_p v$i ¡ p¡dp„ 56 õ\pr`s L$ÞV$_ ¡ f d¡_S¡ >dÞ¡ V$ âp¡Np° çk ( S>s „ _ y piL$p_ ¡ p„ Mpgu `¡L$_„y r_ed_) L$pe®fs lsp. Ap 25 hj®_p Npmpdp„ DÛp¡N A_¡ kfL$pf _p klep¡NuL$ âepkp¡ Üpfp 25 hj® dp„ OZp gÿep„L$p¡ _½$u L$fhpdp„ Apìep R>.¡ S>d ¡ _p L$V¡ $gpL$ _uQ¡ v$ip®ìep R>.¡ • `ep®hfZ A_¡ Ap¡`f¡V$f b„__ ¡ ¡ v$hp_p A„ip¡ _u T¡fu Akf \u kyfrns L$fhp •

D`ep¡Ndp„ g¡hpe¡gp `¡L$t¡ S>N_y„ ep¡Áe k„Qpg_ A_¡ kgpds fus¡ r_L$pg

•

L$Qfp¡ OV$pX$hp¡ A_¡ rfkpe[¼g„N_¡ dlÑd b_phhy„

•

õ\pr_L$ `¡L$t¡ S>N_p r_edp¡ A_¡ L$pev$p_y„ `pg_ kyr_ròs L$fhy„

D`k„lpf: Ap rhje D`f sp¡ OÏ„ gMu iL$pe s¡d R>.¡ `Z Ap h¥rðL$ S>rV$g kdõep _p¡ kpfp„i _uQ¡ dyS>b R>.¡ ¾$p` ¡ gpBa B[ÞX$ep `¡[õV$kpBX$ `¡L$t¡ S>N_u kpsÐe`|Z® r_ed_ _u h¥rðL$ kamsp_u Np\pdp„ cpfs_¡ dv$v$ L$fhp Apsyf R>.¡ Ap âepkp¡ Üpfp Å¡ N°pduZ `rfhpfp¡ _¡ kyfrns `ep®hfZ A¡ÞX$ ipfurfL$ kyfnp Ap`u iL$pe sp¡ s¡ gp„b¡ Npm¡ L$r© j rhL$pk _¡ h^y h¡N Ap`u iL$.¡ S>s „ _ y piL$p_ ¡ p Mpgu `¡L$_„y r_ed_ A¡L$ krlepfp âepk\u S> iL$é b_u iL$i.¡ kfL$pf_p¡ kp\, M¡X$s | p¡, rhsfL$p¡ s\p sdpd k„L$rgs gp¡L$p¡ Å¡ Ap eodp„ Å¡X$pe sp¡ L$rV$bÙ âepkp¡ Üpfp kpfp gÿep„L$p¡ âpá L$fu iL$pe. a¼s v$hp_u L$` „ _uAp¡_p A¡L$gp âepk Üpfp kamsp S>V¡ $gu Å¡CA¡ s¡V$gu_p dmu iL$.¡ d_¡ `|fp¡rhðpk R>¡ L$¡ r_ed_L$pfu, L$p_|_u Å¡NhpCAp¡ A_¡ N„cuf âepkp¡ Apv$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ rhS>e r_ròs \B iL$.¡ sp¡ Qpgp¡ kp\¡ dmu krlepfp âepk\u Ap S>rV$g kdõep_p¡ DL$g ¡ gphuA¡ કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

L„$`_u ÞeyT

BNg kuX$¹k A¡V$g¡ buS> n¡Ó¡ _hp¡ eyN

BNg kuX$¹k A¡ÞX$ bpep¡V$¡L$_p õ\p`L$ õh. îu Apf. L$¡ S>¥__¡ cpfsue buS> DÐ`pv$_ DÛp¡N_p âZ¡sp dp_hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ L$pfZ L$¡ dÝeâv$¡i_p fsgpd rS>‰p_p _p_L$X$p Npd Agp¡s¡ \u iê$ L$f¡gu epÓp ApS>¡ v$¡i_p lÅfp¡ M¡X$|sp¡_¡ DÑd L$hp¡guV$u_p kp¡epbu_ `|fu `pX$su cpfs_u kh®î¡› L$„`_u b_u R>¡. lpg CNg_„y _¥s©Ðh h¥ch S>¥_ k„cpmu füp R>¡. CNg kuX$¹k_y„ l¡X$¼hpV$®f CÞv$p¡fdp„ A¡`p¡gp¡ âurdefdp„ R>¡ R>¡‰p 40 hj®\u L$pe®fs CNg kuX$¹k ApS>¡ 19 buS> DÐ`pv$_ L$¡ÞÖp¡, 2 buS> âp¡k¡k]N eyr_V$ A_¡ `p„Q k„ip¡^_ A_¡ rhL$pk_p k¡ÞV$fp¡ ^fph¡ R>¡ A_¡ 101 S>Zp_u k¡ëk V$ud A_¡ 1200\u h^y X$ugfp¡ Üpfp î¡› buS> M¡X$|sp¡_¡ Ap`u_¡ M¡X$|sp¡_p kd©rÙ_p Üpf Mp¡g¡ R>¡. kp¡epbu__p buS>_p k„ip¡^__u hps L$fuA¡ sp¡ kp¡epbu__p buS>_¡ h^y kp{„ b_phhp dpV$¡ bpep¡gp¡ÆL$g V$²uV$$d¡ÞV$ Ap`u_¡ A¡L$kgÞV$ àgk A_¡ ÓukuL$p kp¡epbu_ b°pÞX$ bÅfdp„ d|L$u R>¡. S>¡ M|b kam \C R>¡ BNg kuX$¹k OJ_p buS>_p k„ip¡^_ n¡¡Ó¡ M|b AN°¡kf R>¡ spS>¡sfdp„ CNg kuX$¹k Üpfp k„ip¡r^s _hu kp¡epbu__u Ås CNg-71 A_¡ CNg 81 bÅfdp„ d|L$u R>¡, dL$pC_u lpCb°uX$ Åsp¡ CNg 1501 A_¡ dfQu_u lpCb°uX$ Ås CNg 5303 Myb hMZpe R>¡. NyS>fpsdp„ CNg kuX$¹k_y„ ApNd_ \C Ney„ R>¡ Ðepf¡ dlpfpô²$_p âNrsiug M¡X|$sp¡_u S>¡d NyS>fps_p M¡X|$sp¡dp„ CNg_p L$hp¡guV$u buepfZp¡ S>ê$f hMZpi¡ s¡hy„ dlpfpô²$ A_¡ dÂeâv$¡i_p M¡X|$sp¡ L$l¡ R>¡.

CNg kuX$¹k kp¡epbu_, OJ, X$p„Nf, dL$pC, fpeX$p¡, bpS>fp, AX$v$ A_¡ L$W$p¡m D`fp„s ipL$cpÆ buS>_p _hp k„ip¡^_p¡ kp\¡ M¡X|$sp¡_u DÞ_rs dpV$¡ `°eÐ_iug R>¡. h^y rhNs dpV$¡ A_¡ CNg kuX$¹k L„$`_u rhi¡ h^y ÅZhp ap¡_ L$fp¡. 90999 17116 કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન ઇન્ક્વાયરી નં- 15

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

15

bu

d„Ó

k„`L$® frls hT®_ 2.0 dpV$¡ s¥epf flp¡ gpCb°¡fudp„\u Äepf¡ dpfp¡ L$p¡C _hy„ `yõsL$ g¡hp_y„ lp¡e sp¡ ly„ s¡_u h¡bkpCV$ `f S>C_¡ `yõsL$ Å¡J R>y„ A_¡ Ap¡_gpC_ rfTh® L$fphy„ R>y„. `R>u `yõsL$ `¡L$ \pe R>¡ A_¡ L$yrfef bp¡e_p lp\¡ Of¡ `lp¡„QpX$u v$¡hpe R>¡. s¡ O„V$X$u hNpX$¡ R>¡, dpfp lp\dp„ `yõsL$ kp¡„`¡ R>¡, `R>u ly„ Of_p v$fhpS>¡ dyL$¡gp rg[¼hX$\u `yõsL$_¡ k¡r_V$pCT L${„ R>y„ A_¡ A¡ S>y_y„ `yõsL$ `pR>y„ Ap`hp_u fpl Å¡J R>y„. Ap v$frdep_ dpfp Ofdp„\u L$p¡C s¡_p dpV$¡ A¡L$ Ágpk `pZu A_¡ Å¡ Qp_p¡ kde lp¡e sp¡ Qp `uhX$ph¡ R>¡. A¡ R>p¡L$fp¡ Qp-`pZu Ap`u_¡ \¡ÞL$éy bp¡gu_¡ S>sp¡ fl¡ R>¡.

Qp-`pZu `|R>hp A_¡ ApNm hpsQus\u A¡L$ AgN âL$pf_p¡ k„b„^ b_¡ R>¡. Ad¡ s¡_¡ L$p¡ÞV$¡¼V$g¡k rX$rghfu L$luA¡ R>uA¡, L$¡dL$¡ ly„ L$bpV$dp„\u `yõsL$ ip¡^hp dpV$¡ gpCb°¡fu Nep¡ _ lsp¡. lh¡ v$rnZ L$p¡rfep_p rkep¡g `lp¡„QuA¡, Äep„ L$p¡g¡S>_p õ_psL$ `yõsL$ Ap¡_gpC_ b|L$ L$fph¡ R>¡, `R>u s¡ A¡L$ bp¡L$kdp„ rX$rghf \sp„ `l¡gp õV$fgpCT diu_dp„ k¡r_V$pCT \pe R>¡, `R>u gp¡L$fdp„\u fp¡bp¡V$ `yõsL$ L$pYu_¡ õV$|X$ÞV$_¡ Ap`¡ R>¡. 2020dp„ v$rnZ L$p¡rfep_u kfL$pf¡ "A_ V$¡¼V$' _urs blpf `pX$u R>¡, S>¡_p¡ DØ¡íe X$Ng¡_¡-`Ng¡ dp_hu k„`L$p£_¡ OV$pX$u_¡ Apr\®L$ rhL$pk_¡ Nrs Ap`hp_p¡ lsp¡. dlpdpfu v$frdep_ s¡dp„ Nrs Aphu R>¡ A_¡ s¡ lh¡ l¡ë\L$¡f\u dp„X$u_¡ ìehkpe A_¡ d_p¡f„S>_ ky^u

16

sdpd n¡Óp¡dp„ a¡gpC flu R>¡. ApS>¡ Ðep„ L$¡a¡dp„ fp¡bp¡V$ L$p¡au b_ph¡ R>¡, fp¡bp¡rV$L$ lp\ rQL$__¡ bV$fdp„ g`¡V$u_¡ s¡_¡ sm¡ R>¡. A_¡L$ lp¡[õ`V$gp¡dp„ 5Æ hpmp fp¡bp¡V$ lp\ `f k¡r_V$pCTf R>p„V$¡ R>¡, sp`dp_ Q¡L$ L$fhp_u kp\¡ S> kpdprS>L$ A„sf_y„ `pg_ L$fph¡ R>¡ A_¡ dpõL$ `l¡fhp_y„ L$l¡ R>¡. v$rnZ L$p¡rfepdp„ L$d®QpfuAp¡ hNf_u lpCrb°X$ v$yL$p_p¡_u k„¿ep lh¡ h^u flu R>¡. A¡gÆ àgk dp¡bpCg L$„`_u_u A_¡L$ "A_V$¡¼V$' ap¡_ v$yL$p_p¡ R>¡, Äep„ N°plL$ dp¡X$g_u syg_p L$fu iL$¡ R>¡, L$fpf `f lõspnf_u kp\¡ L$p¡C d_yóe kp\¡ k„b„^ b_ pìep hNf g¡V$¡õV$ ap¡_ Mfuv$u iL$¡ R>¡. õ\pr_L$ _pNrfL$ kyrh^p Ap`_pfp, Apcpku õ`¡k "d¡V$phk®' b_phu füp R>¡, S>¡dp„ D`ep¡NL$sp®, rX$rS>V$gu lpS>f gp¡L$p¡, hõsyAp¡ A_¡ kfL$pfu Ar^L$pfu_p Ahspf kp\¡ hps L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ arfepv$p¡ DL$¡gu iL$¡ R>¡. L$p¡rfeÞk_¡ gpNu füy„ R>¡ L$¡, "A_V$¡¼V$' gp¡L$p¡_¡ Ap¥`QprfL$sp_p v$bpZ A_¡ k¡hp n¡Ódp„ [õds Ap`hy„ s\p Archpv$_ L$fhp S>¡hu hQ_bÙspAp¡\u dy¼s L$fu füy„ R>¡. fkâv$ A¡ R>¡ L$¡ Ap fp¡bp¡V$ h©Ùp¡_y„ A¡L$ghpep`Ï v$|f L$fhp dpV$¡ `p¡sp_p AprV$®rarieg CÞV$¡rgS>Þk õ`uL$f kp\¡ hpsp¡ L$fhpdp„ s¡d_u dv$v$ L$fu füp R>¡. k„`L$®frls k¡hpAp¡ L$v$pQ DÐ`pv$L$sp h^pfhp dpV$¡ rX$TpC_ \C flu R>¡, `f„sy L$d_ kub¡ s¡ kpdprS>L$ A¡L$S>|\sp dpV$¡ Å¡Md R>¡ A_¡

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d_yóep¡_¡ rhM|V$p `pX$u iL$¡ R>¡. Å¡ kpd-kpd¡_u hpsQus_p¡ Acphdp„ h^y gp¡L$p¡dp„ k„`L$p£_p¡ Al¡kpk OV$hp gpNi¡ sp¡ kdpS>_¡ kpdprS>L$ A¡L$S>|\sp_p dp¥rgL$ k„L$V$_p¡ kpd_p¡ L$fhp¡ `X$i¡.

Ap v$peL$pdp„ DÛp¡Np¡ Ap`Z_¡ A_¡L$ fp¡bp¡V$¹k_p 2.0 hT®__p âep¡N L$fhp_y„ L$l¡i¡, `f„sy s¡d_u `pk¡ Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡R>y„ lpg s¡_p„ v$yó`rfZpdp¡, S>¡dL$¡ A¡L$ghpep`Ï, kpdprS>L$ rhM„X$__u tQspdp„\u blpf L$pYhp_p L$p¡C D`pe _\u. õ`ô fus¡ s¡_p¡ l¡sy _ap¡ A_¡ L$pdv$pfp¡_u k„¿ep OV$pX$hp_p¡ R>¡. sdpfu CÃR>p lp¡e L$¡ _p lp¡e, fp¡bp¡V$ Ap`Zu tS>v$Nu `f L$bÅ¡ L$fhp_p R>¡. s¡ Æh__¡ h^y A¡L$p„L$u b_phi¡. s¡ _hu v$yr_epdp„ A¡L$ghpep`Zp\u bQhp dpV$¡ "rhef¡bëk, k¡Þkk® A_¡ CÞV$f_¡V$ Ap¡a t\Ák' S>¡hp buÅ rhL$ë` Ap`u iL$¡ R>¡. Å¡L$¡, Ap`Zu `p„Q C[ÞÖep¡_y„ õ\p_ s¡Ap¡ L$épf¡e gC iL$i¡ _l].

A¡V$g¡ S>¡V$gy„ b_u iL$¡ s¡V$gp¡ dp_hue k„`L$® rhL$rks L$fp¡ A_¡ Ap_„v$ d¡mhp¡. fp¡tS>v$p L$pep£dp„ Ap Ap^yr_L$ fp¡bp¡V$¹k_u Åmdp„ akpsp _l]. a„X$p A¡ R>¡ L$¡, Ap`Z¡ d_yóe_p õhê$`dp„ dp_h A_¡ AÞe Ærhs âpZuAp¡ hÃQ¡ k„`L$®_¡ dlÒh Ap`uA¡ R>uA¡ A_¡ A¡ k„`L$®_¡ `pf„`rfL$ õ¾$u__u dep®v$p A_¡ fp¡bp¡V$¹k\u ApNm gC S>hp_u S>ê$f R>¡. (kpcpf. v$uìe cpõL$f, A¡_. fOyfpd_) કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

Ap„Nmu_p V$¡fh¡

rL$ip_kh® h¡QpZ dpÂed

S>¡d S>¡d V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ_p¡ ìep` h^sp¡ Åe R>¡ A_¡ dp¡bpCg-ApCV$u l¡ë` Üpfp Mfuv$u kfm \su Åe R>¡ s¡hu S> fus¡ `fuk¡bg amp¡ ipL$cpÆ `Z lh¡ Ap„Nmu_p V$¡fh¡ d„Nphu iL$pe R>¡. hps L$fhu R>¡ `|_p il¡f_u `y_pdp„ iê$ \e¡gu A¡N°u õV$pV®$A` L$uip_ kh® M¡X|$sp¡¡_ A¡_`phf L$fu_¡ L$hp¡guV$u ipL$cpÆ A_¡ amp¡ ku^p S> M¡X|$sp¡ `pk¡\u dp¡bpCg A¡`_p dpÂed\u dpg_u Mfuv$u A_¡ `¡L$]N L$fu L„$`_u_p h¡flpDkdp„ `lp¢Q¡ R>¡ M¡X|$sp¡_¡ bTpf L$fsp JQp v$pd dm¡ R>¡ A_¡ ^¡f b¡W$p s¡_p¡ dpg h¡Qpe R>¡.

L$uip_kh® `pk¡ ^Zp b^p ApDV$g¡V$ A_¡ Ap¡_gpC_ `p¡V®$g D`f\u spÅ amp¡ A_¡ ipL$cpÆ `y_p il¡f_p gp¡L$p¡ lp¡dX$uguhfu d„Nph¡ R>¡ A_¡ Myb kpfu L$hp¡guV$u_¡ gu^¡ L$uip_kh® kam bÞey„ R>¡.

L$uip_ kh® `pk¡ 200 \u h^y fuV$¡Cg R>¡ A_¡ 20000\u h^y M¡X|$sp¡ s¡_u kp\¡ Å¡X$pep R>¡. L$uip_kh®_p kuCAp¡ r_f„S>_ idp® L$l¡ R>¡ L$¡ M¡X|$sp¡ _¡ Adpfp Üpfp ep¡Áe cph dm¡ R>¡ S>¡\u M¡|sp¡ Ad_¡ î¡›$ NyZhsp kp\¡ dpg Ap`¡ R>¡ Ad¡ M¡X|s A_¡ D`cp¡L$sp hÃQ¡_u L$X$u R>uA¡ s¡_p¡ Ad_¡ Nh® R>¡.

L$uip_kh® NyS>fpsdp„ kyfs, Adv$phpv$ `p¡sp_u krh®k iê$ L$fu R>¡ kde bv$gpe füp¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ NyZhÑp A_¡ î¡›$ dpg_p¡ S>dp_p¡ Aphu füp¡ R>¡. cg¡ Ap`Zp rhõspfdp„ L$uip_kh® _\u `f„sy L„$`_u_¡ ap¡_ L$fu s¡hp 2/4 M¡X|$s_p _pd _„bf gC_¡ s¡d_¡ `|R>p¡ L$¡ qL$ip_kh®_u kp\¡_p¡ sdpfp¡ h¡`pf L$¡hp¡ füp¡ ?

L$uip_ kh® 844 844 1068 કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

ઇન્ક્વાયરી નં- 17

N°pdp¡ap¡_ A¡V$g¡ M¡X$ysp¡_¡ h^y _ap¡ fmsp¡ L$fhp_u rv$ip

N°pdp¡ap¡_ A¡L$ X$¡V$p rX$²h_ L$„`_u R>¡ S>¡ cpfshj®_p M¡X$|sp¡_¡ dp¡bpBg_p dpÝed \u bdZu CÞ¼d L$fhp âp¡Ðkprls L$f¡ R>¡. N°pdp¡ap¡_ h_ õV$p¡` kp¡ëeyi_ Ap`hpdp„ d_¡ R>¡ A¡V$g¡ S> s¡dZ¡ M¡X$|sp¡ dpV$¡ rhQpf A_¡ dprlsu_u _hu bpfu Mp¡gu R>¡. N°pdp¡ap¡_ D`f M¡su B_`yV$ S>¡hp L$¡ S>„sy_piL$, buS>, Mpsf, `pL$ `p¡jZ, k|ÿd sÐhp¡, Ap¡Åfp¡_u kp\¡ kp\¡ fp¡N Æhps_u rfeg V$pCd kgpl `Z Ap`¡ R>¡. s¡d_y„ N°pd ìep`pf auQf Myb hMZpey„ R>¡ .

N°pd kgpl, N°pd ìep`pf, N°pd bpTpf, N°pdkcp. A_¡ ky`f akg auQf Ap A¡[àgL$¡i__u rhi¡jsp R>¡, N°pdp¡ap¡__u kp¥\u rhi¡j hps lp¡e sp¡ s¡d_p Üpfp v$f¡L$ Npddp„ N°pd Dv$e A¡N°p¡ k¡ÞV$f Mygi¡ Ðep„\u M¡X$|sp¡_¡ A¡N°p¡ B_`yV$ kp\¡ das kgpl A_¡ `pL$ DÐ`pv$_ h¡QpZ L$fhp_p fõsp bsphi¡ A_¡ h^y cph¡ `¡v$pi_¡ h¡Qhp_u kNhX$sp `Z L$fu Ap`¡ R>¡, sd¡ M¡X$|s lp¡ sp¡ dp¡bpBg Üpfp N°pdp¡ap¡_ A¡à` X$pD_gp¡X$ L$fp¡ A_¡ sd¡ Å¡ h¡`pf kp\¡ M¡X$|sp¡_¡ kpQu kgpl Ap`u M¡X$|sp¡_u Dßrs L$fhp dp„Nsp lp¡ sp¡ N°pd Dv$e dpV$¡ âeÐ_ L$fp¡ L$©rj rhop__u hps L$fu_¡ L$„`_u_y„ f„Nu_ L$¡V$gp¡N rh_p dyëe¡ d„Nphp¡ A_¡ s¡_p ârsr_r^ kp\¡ hps L$fp¡ - 18001236566 ઇન્ક્વાયરી નં- 18

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

17

apd® CÞ`yV

S>du_ s\p `p_ D`f Aphsu Æhps `pL$_¡ _yL$ip_ `lp¢QpX$¡ R>¡ s¡dp„ fnZpÐdL$ L$hQ `yê$ `pX$sp "Sy>X$hp Æ' s\p "Cdpfp' gp¡ÞQ \ey„

ApS> fp¡S> 1960dp„ õ\`pe¡gu A_¡ dy„bCdp„ dy¿e d\L ^fphsu "këaf rdëk rgrdV$¡X$' L„$`_u Üpfp Ap^yr_L$ `pL$ k„fnZ A_¡ õ`¡riepguV$u aqV®$gpCTf DÐ`pv$_ L$fsu A_¡ ap¡çey®g¡i_ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ n¡Ó¡ dp¡Mfp_u L„$`_u Üpfp "Sy>X$hp Æ' s\p "Cdpfp' `¡V$¡ÞV$ ^fphsp âp¡X$L$V$ gp¢Q L$ep®.

Cdpfp A¡ S>„sy_piL$ A_¡ `p¡jL$sÐhp¡_y„ k„ep¡S>_ ^fphsy„ X$bëey„. X$u.Æ.

V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ ^fphsy„ rhð_y„ â\d k„ep¡S>_ R>¡ A¡d këaf rdëk rgrdV$¡X$ L„$`_u_p X$pef¡L$V$f îu kyL$¡sy v$p¡iu kpl¡b¡ S>Zpìey„ ls„y. Bdpfp_p A¡L$ hMs_p D`ep¡N\u `pL$_p d|m_¡ _yL$ip_ L$fsu Æhps. D`fp„s s¡_¡ b¡hX$p gpc \sp lp¡hp\u s¡ dSy>fu_p MQ®dp„ OV$pX$p¡ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ kp\¡ kp\¡ R>p¡X$_p Apfp¡Áedp„ ky^pfp¡ \pe R>¡. këaf rdëk rgrdV$¡X$ L„$`_u_p AÐep^yr_L$ k„ip¡^_ A_¡ rhL$pk L$¡ÞÖ Mps¡ rhL$kphhpdp„ Aph¡gp Cdpfp hp¡V$f X$uõ`rk®bg N°¡Þey (X$bëey X$u.Æ.) ap¡çey®g¡i_ `f Ap^pqfs A¡L$ S> A¡àguL$¡i_dp„ S„>sy_piL$, qT„L$ Ap¡L$kpCX$ A_¡ këaf_„y k„ep¡S>_ `yfy `pX$¡ R>¡. Cdpfp _p¡ dpV$¡ A\hp Mpsfdp„ A¡L$f v$uW$ 4 qL$N°p_y„ rdîZ L$fu R„>V$L$ph L$fhp_u cgpdZ R>¡.

Sy>X$hp Æ A¡ S„>sy_piL$ k„ep¡S>_ ^fphsy„ X$bëey„ X$u.Æ. s\p X²$peL$¡` V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ ^fphsy„ rhð_y„ kp¥â\d k„ep¡S>_ R>¡. Sy>X$hp Æ `pL$dp„ Aphsu

18

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Cem s\p fk Q|kL$p Æhpsdp„ gp„bp kde ky^u AkfL$pfL$sp ^fphsy„ s\p apev$pL$pfL$ Æhps_y„ fnZ L$fsy„ AÐep^yr_L$ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ X$bëeyX$u.Æ. ap¡çey®g¡i_ s\p X²$peL$¡` ap¡çey®g¡i_ R>¡. S>¡_p Ap¡R>p âdpZ_p h`fpi\u M¡X|$sp¡_¡ kpfy `qfZpd dm¡ R>¡.

Sy>X$hp Æ N„^ frls lp¡hp\u h`fpi L$fsp s\p `ep®hfZ_¡ _yL$ip_L$pfL$ _\u. Sy>X$hp Æ _p¡ R„>V$L$ph A¡L$fv$uW$ 200 guV$f `pZudp„ 270 dugu/300 dugu_p âdpZ\u R„>V$L$ph L$fhp_u cgpdZ R>¡.

Ap sL$¡ D`[õ\s fl¡gp kp¥fpô²$_p h¡`pfu b„^yAp¡_¡ këaf rdëk rgrdV$¡X$ L„$`_u_p k¡ëk hpCk â¡rkX$ÞV$ fpS>¡ÞÖ AMpZu kpl¡b Üpfp A¡k.A¡d.A¡g. L„$`_u_u AÐep^yr_L$ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ rhi¡ dprlsNpf L$f¡g, kdN° kp¥fpô²$dp„ L$`pk s\p dNamu_p `pL$dp„ këaf s\p qT„L$_p kyÿdsÐhp¡_u DZ` hfspB flu R>¡. S>¡_p L$pfZ¡ DÐ`pv$_dp„ OV$pX$p¡ _p¢^pe¡g R>¡ s¡d L$`„_u_p âp¡XL$V$ d¡_¡S>f A„S>_u d_bk Üpfp h¡`pfu b„^yAp¡_¡ kdsp¡g `p¡jZ s\p S>du__u amÖy`sp h^pfhp kyQh¡g.

M¡X|$sp¡_¡ Sy>X$hp Æ s\p Cdpfp _p D`ep¡N\u `pL$dp„ Aphsu Æhps kpd¡ kpfy„ fnZ A_¡ kpfy„ DÐ`pv$_ dm¡ R>¡. કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

L©$rj V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ këaf rdëk rgrdV$¡X$, dy„bC Ýhpfp ep¡Åe¡g

cpfs_p¡ kh® â\d L$©rj_p¡hp fu` V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ k¡ÞV$f_p¡ iycpf„c këaf rdëk rgrdV$¡X$, dy„bC Üpfp `pg_`yf Mps¡ _hp A¡`uA¡dku dpL$£V$dp„ spfuM 15 d¡, 2022 frhhpf_p fp¡S> cpfsdp„ kh®â\d L$©rj_p¡hp fu` V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ k¡ÞV$f_u iycpf„c L$fu_¡ M¡X$|sp¡ dpV$¡ Myëgy„ dyL$hpdp„ Apìey„ lsy„ S>¡dp„ 500 \u `Z h^pf¡ M¡X$|sp¡A¡ gpc gu^p¡ lsp¡. M¡X$|sp¡_p lpg_p dy¿e âñp¡ A_¡ kde_u dp„N kp\¡ D`ep¡Ndp„ g¡hpsu Ah_hu V$¡¼_p¡gp¡Æ A_¡ `ep®hfZ_p rlsdp„ M¡X$|sp¡_¡ L$©rj_p¡hp fu` V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ k¡ÞV$f Üpfp A`psu dy¿e k¡hpAp¡ S>¡hu L$¡, S>du__u QL$pkZu A_¡ s¡ Ap^prfs `pL$dp„ Mpsf_u cgpdZ, X$²p¡_ Ýhpfp `pZudp„ Ap¡Nmsp Mpsfp¡_p¡ s\p fpkperZL$ v$hpAp¡_p¡ R>„V$L$ph, buS>_u dphS>s, lhpdp__u ApNplu, M¡X$|s spgud S>¡hu AÞe kyrh^pAp¡ `|fu `pX$hp L$pe®fs L$fhpdp„ Apìey„.

dpV$¡ A¡kA¡dA¡g V$ud_¡ âp¡Ðkpl_ `|{„ `X$éy„ lsy„. A¡`uA¡dku Q¡fd¡_, `pg_`yf îu aspcpC ^pfuep Üpfp b_pkL$p„W$p Ɖp_p M¡X$|sp¡_¡ k¡hpAp¡ `|fu `pX$hp bv$g A¡kA¡dA¡g V$ud_p¡ Apcpf dpÞep¡. L$pe®¾$d_p A„sdp„ fd¡icpC fbpfu, A¡¼k¡L$éyV$uh `pg_`yf Üpfp M¡X$|sp¡ A_¡ dl¡dp_îuAp¡ _p¡ Apcpf dp_u, M¡X$|sp¡_¡ L$©rj_p¡hp fu` V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ k¡ÞV$f_p L$d®Qpfu X$p¸.

L$íe` `V$¡g, A¡¼k¡L$éyV$uh, âp¡S>¡¼V$ V$¡L$ k¡ÞV$f s\p AprijcpC fbpfu, A¡dX$uAp¡_p¡ `rfQe L$fphu X²$p¡__y„ âÐen âv$i®_ L$fu L$pe®¾$d_u `yZp®lysu L$fu lsu.

îu sygkuv$pk `V$¡g, Apf.A¡k.A¡d. NyS>fps, Üpfp kp¥_¡ AphL$pfu Ap L$pe®¾$d_u iê$Aps L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. Ðepfbpv$ îu rls¡i `V$¡g, hu.`u. dpL$£rV$„N, X$p¸. A¡. ey. `fpkfp, bu.A¡Q. `ròd cpfs, s\p îu dl¡i kp¡_hp_¡, A¡k.A¡d. X$uÆV$g dpL$£rV$„N Üpfp M¡X$|sp¡_¡ L$©rj_p¡hp fu` V$¡¼_p¡gp¡Æ k¡ÞV$f Üpfp D`gæ^ k¡hpAp¡ A_¡ s¡_p\u \sp apev$p `f âL$pi `pX$hpdp„ Apìep¡ lsp¡. Ðepfbpv$ L$pe®¾$d_p dy¿e dl¡dp_ X$p¸. Apf. A¡d. Qp¥lpZ, L$yg`rs, A¡k.X$u.A¡.ey., kfv$pfL$©rj_Nf Üpfp M¡sudp„ h^y `X$sp fpkperZL$ Mpsf A_¡ S„>sy_piL$ v$hpAp¡_p h^y D`ep¡N\u M¡X$|sp¡_u S>du_dp„ \su ApX$ Akfp¡\u dprlsNpf L$fu_¡ s¡_p DL$¡g õhê$`¡ L$©rj_p¡hp fu` V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ k¡ÞV$f_y„ r_v$£i_ L$ey¯ lsy„ sv$¹D`fp„s X$p¸. A¡.A¡d.`pfMuep, r_h©s h¥opr_L$ Üpfp S>du_dp„ D`ep¡Nu `p¡jL$ sÐhp¡ A_¡ s¡_u DZ`\u \su Akf rhj¡ M¡X$|sp¡_¡ op_ Apàey„ lsy„. këaf rdëk rgrdV$¡X$ L„$`_u_p â¡rkX$¡ÞV$, k¡ëk îu Apf. A¡d. AMpZu Üpfp M¡X$|sp¡_¡ k¡hpAp¡ `|fu `pX$hp કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

ઇન્ક્વાયરી નં- 19

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

19

âep¡N

`pL$ k„fnZ dpV$¡_u âQrgs `ÙrsAp¡ \pe sp¡ D`f-D`f\u hpYu afu S>du__¡ D`f `p\fu v$¡hp\u c¡S> kQhpe R>¡. S>du_ amv$³` b_¡ R>¡, `pL$ s„v$yfõs fl¡ R>¡. S>du__u amv$³`sp h^sp„ L$yv$fsu fus¡ Æhps_y„ r_e„ÓZ \pe R>¡. ◼ ka¡v$ dpMu A¡L$ S>rV$g âL$pf_u Q|rkep Æhps R>¡. Ap Æhps fpkperZL$ v$hpAp¡ kpd¡ TX$`\u ârsL$pfL$ i[¼s L$¡mhu g¡ R>¡. S¡\u iL$é lp¡e Ðep„ ky^u S>¥rhL$ v$hpAp¡ `ÙrsAp¡_p¡ D`ep¡N \pe s¡ h^y rlsphl R>¡. ◼ v$rnZ NyS>fps rhõspfdp„ syh¡f_p `pL$dp„ kyL$pfp_p r_e„ÓZ dpV$¡ L$p¡lhpe¡gp R>prZep Mpsfdp„ h©rÙ `pd¡gp V$²peL$p¡X$dp„ lfÆA¡_d_u_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fhp\u AkfL$pfL$ `rfZpd dm¡ R>¡.

◼ ka¡v$dpMu `p__u _uQ¡ flu fk Q|ku `pL$_¡ _yL$kp_ `lp¡„QpX$¡ R>¡. _ud s¡g_p¡ `p__u _uQ¡_u k`pV$uA¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp\u apev$p¡ \sp¡ lp¡e R>¡. ka¡v$ dpMu `ump f„N\u ApL$rj®s \su lp¡e R>¡. S¡\u `ump f„N_p Ny„v$rfep `¡`f_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fhp\u `Z r_e„ÓZ L$fu iL$pe.

M¡sfdp„ rdî`pL$ M¡su `Ùrs A\hp _]v$Z dy¿e `pL$_¡ _yL$kp_ _ L$f¡ A¡d ENhp v$¡hy„. Apd L$fhp\u rdÓ rL$V$L$p¡ TX$`\u rhL$k¡ R>¡. Opk dp¡V$y„

◼ R>pi_p g¡L$V$p¡`k b¡L$V$¡rfep M|b ANÐe_p R>¡. ayN-L$uV$L$ A_¡ Bem r_e„ÓZ dpV$¡ bÅf_u dp¡„Opdp„ dp¡„Ou v$hp R>p„V$hp R>sp„ kp{„ r_e„ÓZ \sy„ _\u, s¡_u kpd¡ dpÓ hpku R>pi R>p„V$hp\u M|b apev$p¡ \pe R>¡. QZp, L$`pk, OJ, syh¡f, V$¡V$u, sfb|Q, c]X$p S>¡hp ipL$cpÆdp„ fp¡NQpfp¡ lp¡e Ðepf¡ R>pi AkfL$pfL$ kprbs \pe R>¡. ◼ R>pi_¡ S>|_p dpV$gpdp„ cfu_¡ D52\u b„^ L$fu DL$fX$pdp„ 15\u 25 rv$hk fpMu d|L$hp\u s¡ kX$u_¡ L$uV$ ârsfp¡^L$ b_u Åe R>¡. 20 rv$hk bpv$ Ap hpku R>pi A¡L$ `„`dp„ 250\u 50 rdgu g¡M¡ R>p„V$hp\u Bem A_¡ Q|rkep Æhps_y„ r_e„ÓZ \pe R>¡. `pL$_u h©rÙ A_¡ rhL$pk kpfp¡ \pe R>¡. Ap R>pi_u kp\¡ `„` rv$W$ 50 rdgu g]bp¡mu_y„ s¡g (Öpìe) R>p„V$hp\u Q|rkep Æhps_y„ r_e„ÓZ Myb AkfL$pfL$ fus¡ \pe R>¡. ◼ dNamudp„ ayN A_¡ dy„X$p lp¡e Ðepf¡ A¡L$ `„`dp„ g]bp¡mu_y„ 50 rdgu s¡g A_¡ A_¡ 500 rdgu R>pi A¡L$ `„`dp„ cfu _p¡Tg L$pYu R>p¡X$_p dym rhõspfdp„ Ap`hp\u M|b apev$p¡ \pe R>¡.

20

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◼ fpkperZL$ Öpìep¡ hp`ep® hNf dpÓ hpku R>pi, Np¥d|Ó_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fhp\u d^dpMu_u k„¿ep h^¡ R>¡ A_¡ agu_uL$fZ h^sp„ DÐ`pv$_ h^y dm¡ R>¡. Ap âpL$©rsL$ Öìep¡ hp`fhp\u S>du__u amv$³`sp h^¡ R>¡ A_¡ ipL$cpÆ amp¡_u duW$pi h^¡ R>¡.

◼ Ap„sf`pL$ sfuL$¡ fS>L$p_y„ hph¡sf L$fhp\u gpg v$prmep bly Aph¡ R>¡ S>¡ dp¡gp¡ A_¡ ka¡v$ dpMu_p HX$p_y„ fnZ L$fu kp{„ S>¥rhL$ r_e„ÓZ L$f¡ R>¡. lb®g DÐ`pv$_p¡ kdep„sf¡ kss AS>dphsp fl¡hy„.

કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

N©l gÿdu

L$fdv$p_u d|ëehr^®s b_phV$p¡ L$fdv$p A¡L$ âL$pf_u ky„v$f A_¡ gpg L$gf_u b¡fu R>¡.

Ap am Qp¡dpkp v$rfdep_ Å¡hp dm¡ R>¡. L$fdv$pdp A¡ Þ V$uAp¡ ¼ kuX$¡ _ V$k A_¡ rhV$pdu_ "ku' âQyf dpÓpdp„ dp¡S>yv$ lp¡e R>¡.

L$fdv$p kõsy„ A_¡ `p¡[ôL$ NyZp¡\u cf`yf lp¡hp\u Apfp¡Áe dpV$¡ Myb S> apev$pL$pfL$ R>¡. L$fdv$p_u M¡su dÝeâv$¡i, fpS>õ\p_, NyS>fps A_¡ rblpf fpÄep¡dp„ \pe R>¡.

L$fdv$p dp¡V$p cpN¡ hpX$ dpV$¡ hph¡sf L$fhpdp Aph¡ R>¡. S>¡\u c|„X$, fp¡T S>¡hp M¡su_¡ _yL$ip_ L$fsp S>„syAp¡ M¡sfdp„ _p Oyku iL$¡.

L$fdv$p õhpv$dp„ bly S> MpV$p lp¡e R>¡ S>¡_p L$pfZ¡ gp¡L$p¡ Mphpdp Ap¡R>p¡ D`ep¡N L$f¡ R>¡ `Z A¡_p\u S>yv$u S>yv$u b_phV$p¡ b_phu iL$pe R>¡.

L$fdv$p_y„ `p¡[ôL$ d|ëe - (ârs 100 N°pd) `p¡jL$ sÐh âdpZ EÅ® 42 rL$gp¡ L$¥gfu L$pbp£lpCX$²¡V$ 33 N°pd âp¡V$u_ 1 N°pd `p¡V$¡ried 138 rdN°p L$¡[ëied 21 rdN°p rhV$prd_ "ku' 11 rdN°p apCbf 1 rdN°p

N©lgÿdu îudsu bbusp fpdr_hpk, rhje r_óZp„s (N©l rhop_) L$©rj rhop_ L$¡ÞÖ, dl¡kpZp X$p¡. Apf.A¡. `V$¡g hrf› h¥opr_L$ A_¡ hX$p L$©rj rhop_ L$¡ÞÖ, dl¡kpZp કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

L$fdv$p_u

rhrh^

b_phV$p¡

:

1) L$fdv$p Åd : kpdN°u: L$fdv$p- 750 N°pd Mp„X$ 1 rL$N°p kpCrV$²L$ A¡rkX$ 1 QdQu

(5) OV$ \pe A¡V$g¡ `pZudp„ V$u`| _pMp¡ Å¡ V$u`| b„^pe¡gy„ fl¡ sp¡ s¥epf.

(6) A¡L$ L$pQ_u bp¡V$gdp„ S>¡gu cfu W$„X$u \hp d|L$p¡. W$„X$u \C Åe A¡V$¹g¡ YpL$Z b„^ L$fp¡.

fus : (1) L$fdv$p_¡ Qp¡Mp `pZu\u ^p¡C_¡ â¡if L$yL$fdp„ bpau gp¡.

(2) QpfZu\u bpa¡gp L$fdv$p_p¡ `ë` S>yv$p `pX$p¡.

(3) s¥epf `ë`dp„ Mp„X$ Dd¡fu N¡k `f Nfd L$fhp dyL$p¡.

(4) kpCrV$²L$ A¡rkX$ Dd¡fp¡ A_¡ W$„X$p `X$hp v$p¡.

(5) s¥epf Åd W$„X$p¡ L$fu_¡ L$pQ_u bp¡V$gdp„ cfu gp¡.

2) L$fdv$p S>¡gu kpdN°u: L$fdv$p = Mp„X$ = kpCrV$²L$ A¡rkX$ =

1rL$N°p 700 N°pd 1 N°pd

L$fdv$p_y„ A\pÏ„ : kpdN°u : L$fdv$p gpg dfQy„ lmv$f hrfepmu d¡\u : `umu kfkh s¡g AS>dp¡ tlN duW$y

500 N°pd 20 N°pd 20 N°pd 30 N°pd 20N°pd 20 N°pd 200 N°pd 10 N°pd 5 N°pd õhpv$ âdpZ¡

fus :

fus :

(1) L$fdv$p_¡ Qp¡Mp `pZu\u ^p¡C gp¡.

(2) s¡d_¡ AX$^p L$p`u A_¡ buS> v$|f L$fp¡ (3) s`¡gudp„ `pZu gC_¡ L$fdv$p_¡ DL$pmp¡.

(4) DL$pm¡gp L$fdv$p_¡ A¡L$ kysfpD L$`X$dp„ _pMu fk _usfhp dpV$¡ gV$L$phu v$p¡. fk bfpbf _usfu Åe A¡V$¹g¡ A¡S> s`¡gpdp„ Mp„X$ _pMu_¡ N¸k D`f Nfd L$fhp dyL$p¡. s¡_¡ lgphsp flp¡

(1) spÅ L$fdv$p `k„v$ L$fp¡. ^p¡C_¡ k|L$hu v$p¡.

(2) L$fdv$p_¡ b¡ cpNdp„ L$p`u gp¡ A_¡ buS> v$|f L$fp¡.

(3) `umu kfkh, AS>dp¡ A_¡ d¡\u_¡ A¡L$ L$YpCdp„ \p¡X$u hpf Nfd L$fp¡. W$„X$p¡ `pX$u `R>u rdÿQfdp„ A^L$Qfp¡ v$mu gp¡.

(4) L$YpCdp„ s¡g Nfd L$fp¡.

(5) Nfd s¡gdp„ L$fdv$p, tlN, lmv$f, _pMu rdn L$fp¡ A_¡ kp\¡ kp\¡ b^p dkpgp, duW$y„ A_¡ gpg dfQy„ rdn L$fu_¡ bfpbf lgphsp flp¡.

(6) N¡k b„^ L$fu_¡ A\pÏ„ W$„X$y `pX$u `R>u L$pQ_u bp¡V$gdp„ cfu gp¡

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21

d__u hps

-Æs¡ÞÖ `V$¡g - 94277 18035

L$`pk buepfZp¡_u `k„v$Nu `qf[õ\rs âdpZ¡ L$fp¡. _dõL$pf M¡X$|s rdÓp¡, Ap` kh£ fpku kuX$¹k L$„`_u_¡ hjp£\u ÅZp¡ S> R>p¡ S>¡ L$`pk_p DÐL$©ô rbepfZ_p k„ip¡^_ L$fu_¡ Ap`_¡ DÃQ NyZhÑp_p Ap¡R>p MQ£ h^y DÐ`pv$_ Ap`sp rbepfZp¡ Ap` ky^u `lp¡„QpX$¡ R>¡. S>¡ spS>¡sfdp„ 50 hj®dp„ âh¡i L$fhp S>C flu R>¡.

Ap` kh£ ÅZp¡ R>p¡ L$¡ Ap`_u b^p_u S>du_, r`es ìehõ\p AgN AgN R>¡. s¡_¡ A_yê$` \C_¡ S> fpku kuX$¹k Üpfp M¡X$|sp¡ dpV$¡ k„`|Z® kdp^p_ L$pe®¾$d s¥epf L$f¡g R>¡. Ap L$pe®¾$d A„sN®s Ap`_u S>ê$rfeps A_ykpf fpku kuX$¹k_u b^u h¡fpeV$u Ap âdpZ¡ R>¡. `rf[õ\rs : • `ues `fuõ\usu dpV$¡ fpku 659, fpku d¡ÆL$, fpku 2, fpku d¡‚p, fpku âpCd, RCH 797 • hfkpv$ A^pfus cpf¡ S>du_- fpku 659, fpku d¡ÆL$, fpku d¡‚p, fpku âpCd • hfkpv$ Ap^pfus dÝed \u lëL$u S>du_- fpku _uep¡, fpku 779, RCH 797 • bu_ `ues cpf¡ S>du_- fpku 659, fpku d¡ÆL$, fpku d¡‚p, fpku âpCd

RCH 659 1. dp¡V$p A_¡ hS>_v$pf Æ„X$hp 2. rhZhpdp„ kfm

• bu_ r`es lëL$u S>du_ - fpku _uep¡, fpku 779, fpku 797

3. dÝed rv$hkp¡dp„ `pL$¡

lh¡ sdpfu S>ê$rfeps dyS>b_u h¡fpeV$u `k„v$ L$fu s¡_y„ hph¡sf L$fu sd¡ kp{„ DÐ`pv$_ d¡mhu iL$p¡ R>p¡.

5. h^y DÐ`pv$_

4. riepmy `pL$ dpV$¡ ep¡Áe

fpku r_ep¡ 1. rMgpdym hpmu Ås lp¡hp_p gu^¡ rhjd `rf[õ\rsdp„ `Z V$L$u iL$¡ R>¡.

2. s¡dS> Ap Åsdp„ kss apg Å¡hp dm¡ R>¡.

3. Q|kuep Æhps kpd¡ ârsL$pf R>¡. S>¡\u v$hp_p¡ MQ® `Z Ap¡R>p¡ \pe R>¡.

4. hS>_v$pf L$`pk Å¡hp dm¡ R>¡ A_¡ rhZhpdp„ `Z A¡L$ v$d kfm R>¡.

5. R>p¡X$ A¡L$v$d gugp¡ fl¡ R>¡.

6. _uQ¡\u A_¡ h^y tS>X$hp g¡hp_u ndsp R>¡.

7. h^y DÐ`pv$_ Ap`hp_u ndsp ^fphsu h¡fpeV$u R>¡.

Ap hj£ fpku L$` „ _u_p rbepfZ OZp b^p M¡X$s | p¡A¡ hl¡gu hphZu `Z L$fu lsu S>d ¡ p„ M¡X$s y rdÓp¡_¡ MybS> kpfp¡ DNphp¡ Å¡hp dm¡g R>.¡

Rasi Magic

RCH 797

dp¡V$p A_¡ hS>_v$pf Æ„X$hp

sp¡ lh¡ fpl k¡_u Å¡hp¡ R>p¡ ApS>¡S> fpku L$„`_u_p rbepfZ gC h^y DÐ`pv$_ d¡mhp¡.

rhZhp dp„ kl¡gy

hl¡gu `pL$su Ås A_¡ My‰p¡ R>p¡X$, h^y DÐ`pv$_, V$|„L$p Npmp_p hph¡sf dpV$¡ A_yL$|m,

h^y dprlsu dpV$¡ Adpfp¡ k„`L$® L$fhp rh_„su. Æs¡ÞÖ `V$¡g, rfrS>ep¡_g ¾$p¡` d¡_¡S>f, NyS>fps

22

Æ„X$hp _p¡ hS>_ h^pf¡, h^y DÐ`pv$_ R>¡‰¡ ky^u gugp¡ R>p¡X$

gugu `p¡`V$u kpd¡ kl_iug, h^y Æ„X$hp gpNhp_u ndsp

Qykuep Æhps kpd¡ kl_iug

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

ઇન્ક્વાયરી નં- 22

કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

L$©rj op_

ગની પટે લ -૯૮૭૯૪ ૨૭૭૭૧

S>¥rhL$ `pL$k„fnZ A_¡ `pL$`p¡jZ Mpdiy„ M¡X$|sp¡ dpV$¡ ApV$gy„ Mpk M¡su_p ìehkpedp„ hphZu A¡V$g¡ kp¥\u dp¡V$p¡ sl¡hpf L$lu iL$pe hphZu gpeL$ hfkpv$ \pe A_¡ M¡X$|sp¡_¡ S>¡ Ap_„v$ lp¡e A¡hp¡ Ap_„v$ L$p¡C sl¡hpfdp„ lp¡sp¡ _\u L$pfZ L$¡ hphZu A¡ M¡su ìehkpe_p¡ `pep¡ R>¡ dpV$¡ Ap_„v$ lp¡hp¡ õhcprhL$ R>¡. hphZu \pe L$¡ sfs M¡su `pL$p¡dp„ Aphsp fp¡N A_¡ Æhps_p ìehõ\p`_ dpV$¡_u s¥epfu `Z iê$ \su lp¡e R>¡ Ap^yr_L$ M¡sudp„ ApNp¡s{„ Apep¡S>_ M|b S> dlÐh ^fph¡ R>¡ A_¡ A¡ lp¡hy„ `Z M|b S>ê$fu R>¡. dNamu A_¡ L$`pk_p `pL$dp„ Ap`Zp„ M¡X$|sp¡ M|b kfk ApNp¡s{„ Apep¡S>_ L$fsp lp¡e R>¡ S>¡ M¡X$|s rdÓp¡_¡ `pZu_u kyrh^p lp¡e s¡ Ap bß¡ `pL$_y„ hfkpv$ `l¡gp hl¡gy„ hph¡sf L$fsp lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ S>¡hp¡ hfkpv$ \pe L$¡ sfs s¡dp„ dphS>s iê$ \C S>su lp¡e R>¡ Ap`Zp„ fpÄedp„ dNamu_p `pL$_y„ Äep„ ApNp¡s{„ hph¡sf \ey„ lp¡e Ðep„ lh¡ S>¡hp¡ hfkpv$ \pe L$¡ sfs dp¡_uV$f Ap`hp_p¡ kde \C Nep¡ lp¡e R>¡ lpgdp„ S>¡ dNamu ENu NC R>¡ s¡_¡ ka¡v$ a|N\u bQhp dpV$¡ dp¡_uV$f 1 rhOpdp„ 250 N°pd dyS>b r`es `pZu kp\¡ A\hp hfkpv$ \C Nep¡ lp¡e A_¡ `p„l cu_u lp¡e sp¡ k¡ÞÖue `v$p\® kp\¡ dp¡_uV$f rd¼k L$fu dNamu_p R>p¡X$_p \X$_u bpS>ydp„ Ap`hp_u cgpdZ R>¡ L$pfZ L$¡ 30 rv$hk_p¡ `pL$ \pe `R>u ka¡v$ a|N_p¡ D`Öh iê$ \C S>sp¡ lp¡e

કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

R>¡ dpV$¡ Ap fp¡N\u bQhp dpV$¡ Ap`Z¡ ApNp¡sfp D`pe sfuL$¡ dp¡r_V$f_p¡ â\d X$p¡T S>¡V$gp¡ b_¡ s¡V$gp¡ hl¡gp¡ Ap`hp¡ S>ê$fu R>¡.

Ap`Z¡ kp¥ ÅZuA¡ R>uA¡ L$¡ ka¡v$ a|N_p r_e„ÓZ dpV$¡ dp¡_uV$f A¡L$ dpÓ D`pe R>¡ A¡V$g¡ Ap D`pe cygpe _rl s¡ S>ê$fu R>¡ A_¡ lp dp¡r_V$f_p¡ buÅ¡ X$pT ¡ 50 \u 60 rv$hk_p¡ `pL$ \pe Ðepf¡ Ap`hp_u cgpdZ R>¡ A¡V$g¡ A¡ dyS>b Apep¡S>_ L$fhy„ rls cey¯ L$lh ¡ pe.Ap kp\¡ L$`pk_p `pL$dp„ Aphsp¡ d|m_p¡ L$pl¡ hpfp¡ `Z Ap`Z_¡ v$f hj£ l¡fp_ L$f¡ R>¡ s¡_p r_e„ÓZ dpV$¡ `Z dp¡_uV$f MyS> gp„bpNpmp_p¡ D`pe Ap`¡ R>¡ A¡V$g¡ L$`pk hphsp M¡X$s | rdÓp¡A¡ rh^p v$uW$ 250 N°pd dp¡r_V$f_¡ ep¡Áe âdpZ\u `ç`dp„ rd¼k L$fu \m¡ \m¡ X$Þ¡² QuN L$fhp\u M|b kp{„ `rfZpd d¡mhu iL$pe R>.¡ Ap D`fp„s dNamu A_¡ L$`pkdp„ ka¡v$ dy„X$p_p r_e„ÓZ dpV$¡ dp¡r_V$f_u kp\¡ bpep¡kp¡ãV$ 250 N°pd/rh^p_p âdpZ\u S>du_dp„ Ap`u iL$pe R>¡ Ap`Z¡ kp¥ ÅZuA¡ R>uA¡ L$¡ ka¡v$ dy„X$p_p gp„bpNpmp_p r_e„ÓZ dpV$¡ bpep¡kp¡ãV$ kp¥\u DÑd A_¡ âdpZdp„ kp¥\u kõsp¡ D`pe R>¡ dpV$¡ dp¡_uV$f A_¡ bpep¡kp¡ãV$ S>¡V$gy„ b_¡ s¡V$gy„ hl¡gy„ hp`fhp cgpdZ R>¡. v$f¡L$ Qp¡dpky„ `pL$dp„ S>¥rhL$ `pL$ `p¡jZ `Z M|b

ઇન્ક્વાયરી નં- 23

S> ANÐe_p¡ dyØp¡ lp¡hp\u S>du_dp„ `|fsp¡ c¡S> Aphu Nep `R>u sfs bpep¡raëX$ v$pZpv$pf Mpsf 1 A¡L$fdp„ 8 rL$gp¡ A\hp bpep¡raëX$ L$p¡çbp¡ NPK `phf 1 A¡L$fdp„ 3 \u 4 rL$gp¡ hp`fhp_u cgpdZ R>¡ Ap Mpsf `Z M|b S> g„bpNpmp_y„ `p¡jZ Ap`¡ R>¡ A_¡ lpg_u kO_ M¡sudp„ S>¥rhL$ Mpsf_y„ dlÐh M|b S> R>¡ S>¥rhL$ Mpsf hp`fhp\u S>du_dp„ `X$¡gp L$¡ Ap`Z¡ Ap`¡gp AÞe Mpsf_p¡ R>p¡X$ L$pe®nd D`ep¡N L$fu iL$¡ R>¡ dpV$¡ Ap Mpsf M|b S> ANÐesp ^fph¡ R>¡. Ap D`fp„s v$f¡L$ Mpdiy„ M¡X$|s rdÓp¡A¡ `p¡sp_p v$f¡L$ tL$dsu `pL$dp„ dpeL$p¡Tp¡_ A¡L$ A¡L$fdp„ 100 N°pd_p X$p¡T\u hp`fhy„ Å¡CA¡ L$pfZ L$¡ dpeL$p¡Tp¡_ Ap`Zp„ tL$dsu `pL$ dpV$¡ M|b S> ANÐe_y„ S>¥rhL$ Mpsf R>¡ S>¡ R>p¡X$_p s„syd|m_p¡ Av$cys rhL$pk L$f¡ R>¡, S>du_dp„ `X$¡gp Agæe sÐhp¡_¡ gæe b_phu R>p¡X$_¡ Ap`¡ R>¡ s¡d S> Apmiy„ sÐhp¡_¡ A¡L$ S>ÁepA¡\u buÆ S>ÁepA¡ l¡fpa¡fu L$fu R>p¡X$_p d|m rhõspf ky^u `lp¡„Qpm¡ R>¡ A_¡ S>du_dp„ c¡S> k„N°l i[¼s h^pf¡ R>¡ s¡d S> R>p¡X$_¡ fp¡N ârsL$pfL$ i[¼s âv$p_ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ hmu dpeL$p¡Tp¡_ _p¡ apev$p¡ Ap`Z_¡ b¡ \u ÓZ rkT_ ky^u dmsp¡ fl¡ R>¡.dpV$¡ v$f¡L$ Mpdiy„ M¡X$|s_¡ `p¡sp_p `pL$dp„\u h^y DÐ`pv$_ g¡hp dpV$¡ S>¥rhL$ `pL$ k„fnZ A_¡ S>¥rhL$ `pL$ `p¡jZ dpV$¡ ApV$gy„ Apep¡S>_ L$fhy„ M|b S> S>ê$fu R>¡.

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

23

L„$`_u ÞeyT

Qp¡dpky `pL$ dpV$¡ r_^u_p DÑd buS>_u `k„v$Nu _dõL$pf M¡X$ysrdÓp¡, Aph_pf Qp¡dpky L$¡hy \i¡ A¡hp¡ v$f¡L$ M¡X$ys rdÓp¡ _¡ rhQpf Aphsp¡ lp¡B R>¡. lhpdp_ Mpsp_u ApNplu A_ykpf v$¡idp Qp¡dpkp_y kdekf ApNd_ \B S>i¡ sp¡ Ap hj£ `Z Mfua`pL$p¡_y rh¾$du hph¡sf \hp_p¡ A„v$pS> R>¡. s¡\u M¡X$ysp¡_u S>ê$rfepsp¡ Ýep_dp fpMu_¡ r_^u rkX$¹k M¡X$|sp¡_p rls dpV$¡ ld¡ip L$pe®fs fl¡g R>¡. r_^u rkX$¹k sfa\u DÃQ L$np_p A_¡ Ap„sffp[ô²e g¡hg_p rbepfZp¡ M¡X$ysp¡_¡ dmu fl¡ s¡ dpV$¡ kss âeÐ_ L$fsp füp R>uA¡. sp¡ M¡X$|s rdÓp¡ Ap Qp¡dpky kuT_dp `Z dbgM DÐ`pv$_ d¡mhhp dpV$¡ DÑd rbepfZ_u `k„v$Nu L$fhu MybS> S>ê$fu R>¡. sp¡ kp\ Adpfp¡ A_¡ rhL$pk sdpfp¡. sp¡ Qpgp¡ hl¡gu sL$¡ r_^u kp\¡ Å¡X$pC DÑd NyZhÑp hpmy rbepfZ hp`fu_¡ Aph_pf Qp¡dpky rkT_dp h^y DÐ`pv$_ d¡mhp¡. hs®dp_ kde_¡ Ýepdp fpMu_¡ L$„`_u `pk¡ DÃQ NyZhsp ^fphsp rbepfZp¡ S>¡hp L$¡ dNamu, kp¡epbu_, dN, AX$v$, sg, dL$pB, X$y„Nmu, bpS>fp¡, rv$h¡gp, syh¡f, X$p„Nf s¡dS> fS>L$p bpS>fu, Nd Nyhpf hN¡f¡_u h^| A_¡ NyZhsp kcf DÐ`pv$_ Ap`su Åsp¡ D`gå^ R>¡.

r_^u 777

r_^u 999

A¡f„X$pdp„ syg_p A¡ bÅf cph A` \ep R>¡ S>¡_p gu^¡ `f„`fpNs A¡f„X$p hph¡sf_p b¡ëV$ rhõspf D`fp„s AÞe rhõspfdp„ A¡f„X$p hph¡sf h^i¡. hs®dp_ kde_¡ Ýepdp fpMu_¡ L$„`_u `pk¡ DÃQ NyZhsp ^fphsp rv$h¡gp rbepfZ fukQ® Ås r_^u 777 , r_^u 999 , A_¡ krV$®apCX$ Åsp¡ GCH 2, GCH 4, GCH 7, GCH 8 D`gå^ R>¡.

• • • • • • • •

• • • • • • • •

24

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

\X$_p¡ f„N gpg kyL$pfp kpd¡ h^y ârsL$pfL$ Ås R>p¡X$_u JQpC 165-175 k¡du dy¿e dpm_u g„bpC 95-100 k¡du Np¥Z dpm_u g„bpC 55-65 k¡du dpm_u k„¿ep 16-20 `pL$hp_p rv$hkp¡ 210-215 DÐ`pv$_ ndsp 2000-2200 rL$gp¡/ A¡L$f

\X$_p¡ f„N gpg kyL$pfp kpd¡ h^y ârsL$pfL$ Ås R>p¡X$_u JQpC 160-170 k¡du dy¿e dpm_u g„bpC 90-95 k¡du Np¥Z dpm_u g„bpC 50-60 k¡du dpm_u k„¿ep 15-18 `pL$hp_p rv$hkp¡ 215-225 DÐ`pv$_ ndsp 1800-2000 rL$gp¡/ A¡L$f ઇન્ક્વાયરી નં- 24

કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

dfQu_u M¡su

dfQu `pL$_u h¥opr_L$ M¡su `Ý^rs

dfQu_u M¡su îu.bu.L$¡. `V$¡g A_¡ X$p®.Apf.A¡. `V$¡g, L$©rj rhop_ L$¡ÞÖ, NZ`s eyr_hrk®V$u, dl¡kpZp

કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

^{ dpV$¡ S>du__u `k„v$Nu : S>du_ kfMu âshpmu, k`pV$, kpfp _uspfhpmu, JQu S>Áep `k„v$ L$fhu. t_ v$Z, fp¡N, L$uV$L$, A_¡ L$©rd dyL$s S>du_ `k„v$ L$fhu. `ues_u kNhX$ hpmu S>du_ `k„v$ L$fhu.

buepfZ sZpC _ Åe s¡ dpV$¡ â\d r`es lmhy A\hp Tpfp\u Ap`hy. S>ê$f âdpZ¡ t_v$pdZ, `ues, Mpsf A_¡ `pL$ k„fnZ_y„ Apep¡S>_ L$fhp\u 40 \u 4` rv$hk¡ s„v$yfõs O{ fp¡`hpgpeL$ s¥epf \i¡.

S>du__u s¥epfu : S>du_dp„ fpb]N L$fhy - bpS>fu, hfuepmu L$¡ fpeX$p_p fpX$p S>du_ D`f AX$^p¡ ayV$ \f L$fu kmNphy. lm\u b¡ ÓZ M¡X$ L$fu S>X$uep huZu 1` \u f0 rv$hk S>du_ s`hp v$¡hu.

dfQu_u a¡ffp¡`Zu :

^{hpX$uey L$fhp_p¡ kde : S>du__u amv$³`sp dyS>b `-7 duV$f gp„bp, 1.f-1.` duV$f `lp¡mp A_¡ 1` k¡.du. JQpC_p Npv$u L$epfp L$¡ k`pV$ L$epfp L$fhp.

L$epfp v$uW$ 30 rL$.N°p. L$lp¡hpe¡gu R>pZuey Mpsf, f0 N°pd X$uA¡`u A_¡ `0 N°pd eyfuep A¡L$ k¡.du. JX$pCA¡ Ap`hy. buS> v$f A_¡ hphZu: kpdpÞe fus¡ A¡L$ l¡L$V$f_u a¡f fp¡`Zu dpV$¡ 100 Qp¡.du. S>du__u S>ê$f `X$¡ A_¡ s¡ dpV$¡ dfQu_y„ 600 N°pd buepfZ_u S>ê$f `X$¡. buepfZ_¡ hphsp `l¡gp 3 N°pd \pefd v$hp A\hp 10 N°pd V$²peL$p¡X$dp® `phX$f / rL$gp¡ buS> âdpZ¡ `V$ Ap`hp¡. buS>_¡ L$epfpdp„ `y„Mu M„`pmu\u S>du_dp„ c¡mhu v$¡hy.

Apbp¡lhp : dfQu `pL$_u iê$Aps_u h©[Ý^ A_¡ rhL$pk dpV$¡ Nfd A_¡ c¡S>hpmy lhpdp_ A_¡ DÐ`pv$_ sbL$L$¡ W$„X$y A_¡ kyL$y lhpdp_ h^pf¡ A_yL$ym R>¡.

S>du_ : Np¡fpX$y\u dÝed L$pmu, cpW$p_u kpfu _uspf irL$s ^fphsu A_¡ `yfsp âdpZdp„ k¡[ÞÖe sÐh ^fphsu S>du_ A_|L$ym R>¡. a¡f fp¡`Zu kde A_¡ A„sf : S>ygpC_p ÓuÅ L$¡ Qp¡\p AW$hpX$uepdp„ fp¡N dyL$s f` k¡.du. JQy A_¡ 40 \u 4` rv$hk_y„ ^ê$ `k„v$ L$fu fp¡`Zu L$fhu. ^ê$_¡ CduX$pL$gp¡âuX$ f.` du.gu./10 gu. `pZu_p ÖphZdp„ bp¡mu fp¡`Zu L$fhu. fp¡`Zu 60 \u 90 k¡.du. x 60 k¡.du._p„ A„sf¡ L$fhu rlsphl R>¡.

Mpsf ìehõ\p : l¡L$V$f¡ f0 V$_ kp{ L$lp¡hpe¡gy R>pZuey Mpsf S>du__u s¥epfu hMs¡ Ap`hy. કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

25

dfQu_u M¡su

Mpsf_u S>ê$rfeps

X$u A¡ `u

eyfuep

Mpsf Ap`hp_p¡ kde

17`

`0

fp¡`Zu ANpD Qpkdp„ Ap`hy

`pep_y„ Mpsf

`0 : 80 L$ugp¡ _p. ap¡./l¡.

`yfsu Mpsf

37.` rL$gp¡ _p./l¡.

-

8f

4` rv$hk¡

37.` rL$gp¡ _p./l¡.

-

8f

7` rv$hk¡

37.` rL$gp¡ _p./l¡.

-

8f

10` rv$hk¡

37.` rL$gp¡ _p./l¡.

-

8f

13` rv$hk¡

t_v$pdZ : `pL$_¡ 4` rv$hk ky^u t_v$ZdyL$s fpMhp¡. s¡ dpV$¡ a¡ffp¡`Zu L$ep®bpv$ f0, 4` A_¡ 7` rv$hk¡ Ap„sfM¡X$ L$fhu. dS>yfp¡_u AR>s lp¡e sp¡ `¢X$udu\pgu_ (f.` guV$f/l¡.) fp¡`Zu `l¡gp Ap`u fp¡`Zubpv$ 4` rv$hk¡ lp\ t_v$pdZ L$fhy. R>¡‰u Ap„sf M¡X$ bpv$ dfQu_p \X$_u afs¡ dpV$u_p `pmp QYphhp. r`es : Qp¡dpkpdp„ A`yfsp¡ hfkpv$ lp¡e sp¡ S>ê$f âdpZ¡ r`es Ap`hy.

Np¡fpX$y S>du_dp„ riepmpdp„ 1f \u 1` rv$hk¡ A_¡ D_pmpdp„ 7 \u 8 rv$hk¡ hpv$m rh_p_p L$p¡fp rv$hk¡ r`es Ap`hy. `pL$ kf„nZ : fp¡N ìehõ\p`_ : • s„v$yfõs fp¡NdyL$s buS>_u `k„v$Nu L$fhu.

• fp¡N âusL$pfL$irL$s ^fphsu Ås_y„ hph¡sf L$fhy„.

• ^ê$hpX$uepdp„ rbepfZ_p¡ v$f dp`kf_p¡ fpMhp¡.

• dfQu_y„ hph¡sf L$fsp `l¡gp S>du_dp„ V$²peL$p¡X$dp® `phX$f f.` rL$.

N°p./l¡. `00 rL$.N°p. rv$h¡gu Mp¡m L$¡ g]bp¡mu Mp¡m dp„ kd©Ý^ L$fu l¡L$V$f¡ Ap`hp¡.

• rbepfZ_¡ ^ê$hpX$uepdp„ hphsp„ `l¡gp„ V$²peL$p¡X$dp®, \pefd, L$¡àV$p_, X$pe\¡_ A¡d-4` S>¡hu a|N_piL$ v$hp 3 \u 4 N°pd/rL$gp¡ buS> v$uW$ `V$ Ap`u_¡ S> hph¡sf L$fhy„.

• ^ê$hprX$ey„ kpfu r_spfirL$s ^fphsu S>du_dp„ Npv$u L$epfp b_phu_¡ L$fhy„. S>¡\u `pZu_p¡ kl¡gpC\u r_L$pg \C iL$¡.

• d¡V$pg¡nug f0 N°pd A\hp L$p¡`fAp¡rL$kL$gp¡fpCX$ 0.f% (60 N°pd/15 guV$f `pZu) v$hp_y„ ÖphZ b_phu f du x 1 du_p L$epfp v$uW$ 8 \u 10 guV$f dyS>b b¡ A\hp ÓZ hMs S>du_dp„ Ap`hy„.

• dfQu_p L$pgh°Z A\hp A¡Þ\¡L$_p¡T_p r_e„ÓZ dpV$¡ fp¡rNô am huZu gC _pi L$fhp¡.

• dfQu_p ^ê$_u a¡f fp¡`Zu bpv$ 60, 7` A_¡ 90 rv$hk¡ L$¡àV$pap¡g 0.f% (30 N°pd v$hp) A\hp d¡ÞL$p¡T¡b 0.f% (45 N°pd) A\hp L$p¡`f

26

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

Ap¡L$kuL$gp¡fpCX$ 0.f% (30 N°pd) v$hp_¡ 15 guV$f `pZudp„ c¡mhu_¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡.

• S>ygpC A_¡ Ap¡Nô drl_p hÃQ¡ õV$²¡àV$p¡kpCL$gu_ 1.5 N°pd A_¡ L$p¡`fAp¡rL$kL$gp¡fpCX$ `0% v$hp 60 N°pd/15 guV$f `pZudp„ c¡mhu 1` rv$hk_p A„sf¡ ÓZ hMs R>„V$L$ph L$fhp\u ÆhpÏ\u \sp¡ V$`L$p„ fp¡N kpfu fus¡ r_e„ÓZdp„ gphu iL$pe R>¡. (am b¡khp_p iê$ \pe s¡ `R>u õV$²¡àV$p¡kpCLgu_ v$hp_p¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡ _lu) • dfQu_p c|L$uR>pfp_p r_e„ÓZ dpV$¡ fp¡N_u iê$Aps S>Zpe L$¡ syfs S> Öpìe N„^L$ 50 N°pd A\hp X$u_p¡L$¡` 10 dugu v$hp 15 guV$f `pZudp„ c¡mhu R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡. fp¡N v$¡Mpe¡ hl¡gu khpf¡ N„^L$ 30 rL$N°p_p¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡ A\hp Öpìe N„^L$ 30 N°pd/15 guV$f `pZu_p¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡. Æhps ìehõ\p`_ : \°uàk, sX$sX$uep, gugu Cem, L$\ufu : L$pbp£aeyfp_ 3 Æ v$pZpv$pf v$hp l¡L$V$f¡ 1.` rL$.N°p. kr¾$e sÐh âdpZ¡ S>du_dp„ Ap`u ^ê$ s¥epf L$fhy.

L$p¡L$X$hp fp¡N Qykuep âL$pf_u Æhpsp¡ Üpfp a¡gpsp¡ lp¡hp\u s¡_p r_e„ÓZ dpV$¡_p `Ngp g¡hp. s¡ dpV$¡ fp¡`Zu_p„ 1` rv$hk `R>u L$pbp£aeyfp_ 3 Æ l¡L$V$f¡ f` rL$.N°p. âdpZ¡ S>du_dp„ Ap`hy. l¡L$V$f¡ 40 \u 4` `ump QuL$Zp `]S>f gNphhp. Ðepfbpv$ 1` rv$hk_p A„sf¡ A\hp Æhps_u dpÓp h^y Å¡hp dm¡ sp¡ b¡hyfuep b¡kuep_p 60 N°pd, g]bp¡X$u_y„ s¡g (10000 `u`uA¡d) 60 dugu, V$²peTp¡ap¡k (2` du.gu.), A¡kua¡V$ (2` N°pd) A\hp CduX$pL$gp¡âpCX$ (8 du.gu.) ârs 15 guV$f `pZudp„ c¡mhu 6 \u 7 R>„V$L$ph hpfp af\u L$fhp. dfQu_u huZu : a¡f fp¡`Zu_p„ 6` \u 70 rv$hk¡ gugp dfQp_u huZu iê$ \pe R>¡. iuepmpdp„ 10 rv$hk¡ A_¡ D_pmpdp„ 10 \u 1` rv$hk¡ huZu L$fhu A_¡ gNcN 1f \u 1` huZu L$fu iL$pe.

DÐ`pv$_ : gugp dfQp : 1`000 - f0000 rL$.N°p./l¡. kyL$p dfQp : 1`00 - f000 rL$.N°p./l¡¡. કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

L$`pk dphS>s

L$`pk_p `pL$_u `pR>sfu dphS>s L$`pk_p„ `pL$_u `pR>sfu dphS>s_p„ ANÐe_p OV$L$p¡ • Ap„sfM¡X$ A_¡ t_v$Z r_e„ÓZ • r`es • fpkperZL$ Mpsf • L$`pk_u Æhpsp¡_y„ r_e„ÓZ • L$`pk_p ANÐe_p fp¡Np¡ A_¡ r_e„ÓZ Ap„sf M¡X$ A_¡ t_v$pdZ

L$`pk dphS>s X$p¡. Æ. Apf. Np¡rlg, âp¡.`uÞL$ub¡_ A¡k. idp® A_¡ X$p¡. A¡.A¡d.`p¡gfp rhõsfZ rinZ r_ epdL$îu_u L$Q¡fu, S>|_pNY L$©rj eyr_hrk®V$u, S>|_pNY કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

L$`pk_p `pL$dp„ iê$Aps_u h©rÙ Ahõ\pA¡ iê$Aps_p b¡ drl_p M¡sf t_v$pdZ dyL$s fpMhy„ Myb S> S>ê$fu R>¡.

S>¡_p dpV$¡ lp\\u t_v$pdZ dyL$s fpMhy„ A\hp S>ê$fueps dyS>b Npmpa¡f L$fu Ap„sf M¡X$ L$fhu Å¡CA¡. A\ hp fpkpeZuL$ t_v$Z r_e„ÓZ \u M¡sf Qp¡¿My„ fpMhy„ Å¡CA¡. L$`pk_p `pL$dp„ ãgyL$gp¡fpgu_ (bpkpgu_) 0.9 rL$.N°p./l¡¼V$f A\hp `¡ÞX$udu\pgu_ (õV$p¡ç`) 0.9 rL$.

N°p./l¡¼V$f 500 guV$f `pZu_p S>Õ\pdp„ c¡mhu hphZu bpv$ syf„s S> (âu - CdS>®Þk) v$hp R>p„V$hu Å¡CA¡. 30 \u 35 rv$hk¡ V$Np® ky`f A\hp ìlu` ky`f 30 (_p_u Ahõ\pA¡) \u 35 rdgu (dp¡V$u Ahõ\pA¡) ârs `„` (15 guV$f) âdpZ¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡. kpdpÞe fus¡ b¡ hMs lp\\u t_v$pdZ A_¡ b¡ hMs Ap„sf M¡X$ L$fu t_v$pdZ A_¡ b¡ hMs Ap„sf M¡X$ L$fu t_v$pdZ L$fhy„ Å¡CA¡.

L$`pk_p„ `pL$dp„ r`es ìehõ\p • L$`pk_p `pL$dp„ r`es_p A„sf_p¡ Ap^pf S>du__p¡ âL$pf, S>du__p¡ Ypm, r`es `pZu_u NyZhÑp, L$`pk_p

`pL$_u JQpC / rhL$pk_p sb½$p D`f Ap^pf fpM¡ R>¡.

• L$pmu S>du_dp„ 15 \u 20 rv$hk¡, dpÝed L$pmu A_¡ Np¡fpmy S>du_dp„ 12 \u 15 rv$hk_p Npm¡ 8 r`es Ap`u iL$pe.

• A¡L$p„sfp `pV$g¡ r`es Ap`hp\u `pZu A_¡ MQ®_p¡ bQph \pe R>¡.

• L$`pk_p `pL$_¡ 10 \u 12 r`es_u S>ê$f `X$¡ R>¡.

• `pZu Myb Ap¡R>y„ lp¡e, `pZu_p bQph dpV$¡ A_¡ h^y kp{„ DÐ`pv$_ d¡mhhp Å¡ A_yL$ymsp lp¡e sp¡ V$`L$ tkQpC `Ùrs_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fu iL$pe. r`es_u L$V$p¡L$V$u_u Ahõ\pAp¡ • Qp`hp b¡ksu hMs¡ • a|g Ahõ\pA¡ • Æ„X$hp_u h©rÙ Ahõ\pA¡ r`es Myb S> aygcdfu Ahõ\pA¡ Å¡ h^y `pZu A`pe Åe sp¡ Qp„`hp A_¡ aygcdfu Mfu `X$¡ R>¡. S>epf¡ Æ„X$hp_p rhL$pk_u Ahõ\pA¡ `pZu_u M¢Q `X$¡ sp¡ Æ„X$hp bfpbf Mygsp _\u A_¡ DÐ`pv$_ D`f dpW$u Akf \pe R>. Apd R>p¡X$ `f kpfp âdpZdp„ Æ„X$hpb¡W$p lp¡e Ðepf¡ `pZu_u M¢Q `X$hp v$¡hu _rl. `pZu_u AR>s_u [õ\rsdp„ A¡L$p„sf¡ `pV$g¡ r`es Ap`hy„ Å¡CA¡. કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

27

L$`pk dphS>s

`|rs® Mpsf Mpsf_y„ _pd

X$u. A¡.

çey.Ap¡a

Adp¡.

eyrfep

eyrfep

eyrfep

`u.

`p¡V$pk

këa¡V$

rL$.

rL$.

rL$.

rL$./l¡

rL$./l¡.

rL$./l¡.

/l¡.

/l¡.

/l¡.

`pep_y„ Mpsf/l¡ rL$gp¡

55

125

-

-

-

-

`pmp QX$phsu hMs¡

55

125

-

-

-

-

â\d láp¡ hph¡sf bpv$ ÓuÅ AW$hpX$ue¡

-

-

344

-

-

-

buÅ¡ láp¡â\d láp bpv$ ÓuÅ AW$hpX$ue¡

-

-

-

120

-

-

ÓuÅ¡ láp¡ buÅ láp bpv$ ÓuÅ AW$hpX$ue¡

-

-

-

-

120

-

Qp¡\p¡ láp¡ÓuÅ láp bpv$ ÓuÅ AW$hpX$ue¡

-

-

-

-

-

20

`pR>sfu Apõ\pdp„ h^y hMs A\hp h^pf¡ _pCV$²p¡S>_ eyL$s Mpsf Ap`hp\u fp¡N - Æhps _p¡ D`Öh h^hp_u iL$esp R>¡.

L$`pk_p `pL$dp„ fpkperZL$ Mpsf Mpsf_p¡ R>„V$L$ph L$`pk_p `pL$dp„ 50 V$L$p ayg A\hp 50 V$L$p Æ„X$hp_p kde¡ `p_ `ump A_¡ gpg \C S>sp lp¡e R>¡. `pR>gu Ahõ\pdp„ `p¡jL$ sÐhp¡_u DZ`_p gu^¡ OZuhpf Aphy„ b_sy„ lp¡e R>¡. Ðepf¡ `p¡jL$ sÐhp¡_u `|rs® L$fhp bÅfdp„ dmsp 19-19-19 (_p.ap¡.`p¡.) A¡L$ `„`dp„ 100 N°pd A_¡ dpC¾$p¡du¼k (N°¡X$ - 4) 25 N°pd _pMu b¡ \u ÓZ hpf R>„V$L$ph L$fhp\u ÓZ hMs 3% `p¡V$¡iued _pCV$²¡V$_p¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp\u `p_ `ump / gpg \sp AV$L$phu iL$pe. L$`pk_p `pL$_y„ DÐ`pv$_ h^pfu iL$pe R>¡.

L$`pk_u huZu $L$`pk_u huZudp„ iy„ L$pmÆ fpMhu Å¡CA¡ ?

• L$`pk `pL$¡ Ðepf¡ kdekf huZu L$fsp L$fhu.

• khpf¡ huZu L$fhp\u rL$V$u - L$õsf Ap¡R>y Aph¡ R>¡.

• Æ„X$hp `yfp apV$ep `R>u S> huZu L$fhu. ArhL$kus L$¡ A`rf`L$h Æ„X$hpdp\u L$`pk Dspfhp\u L$`pk_u NyZhÑpOV$¡ R>¡.

• L$`pkdp 9% \u h^pf¡ c¡S> _ fl¡ s¡_u L$pmÆ fpMhu Å¡CA¡.

• L$`pk_y„ hS>_ h^pfhp `pZu_p ayhpfp R>p„V$hp _lu. _l]sp¡ L$`pk `ump¡ `X$u S>i¡. A_¡ L$`pk_u NyZhÑp bNX$i¡.

28

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

• Äep„ L$`pk_u huZu_y„ L$pd dS>|fp¡ Üpfp L$fphhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ Ðep„ v$¥r_L$ dS>yfu\u dS>|fp¡ fp¡L$hp Å¡CA¡. S>¡\u L$fu_¡ Dsphm_p L$pfZ¡ L$`pkdp„ h^y L$Qfp¡ _ Aph¡ A_¡ NyZhÑp S>mhpC fl¡.

• huZu_u L$pdNufu ÅÞeyApfu_p A„s L$¡ a¡b°yApfu dpk ky^udp„ `|Z® \C Åe s¡ fus¡ ANpD\u L$`pk_¡ r`es Ap`hp_y„ b„^ L$fhy„ Å¡CA¡.

• `pR>gu huZudp„ L$Qfp¡ h^y Aphhp\u lgL$u L$np_p¡ L$`pk lp¡hp\u s¡_¡ AgN fpMu h¡QpZ L$fhy„. dp¡gp¡diu, sX$sX$uep, \°uàk_y„ r_e„ÓZ • Qykuep âL$pf_u Æhpsp¡_p r_e„ÓZ dpV$¡, S>„sy_piL$ v$hpAp¡ S>¡hu L$¡ A¡kuV$pduâuX$ 5 N°pd A\hp X$pea¡Þ\ufp¡_ 20 N°pd A\hp agp¡_uL$pduX$ 8 N°pd `¥L$u L$p¡C`Z A¡L$ v$hp_¡ 15 guV$f `pZudp„ c¡mhu R>„V$L$ph S>ê$fueps dyS>b 12 \u 15 rv$hk_p Npm¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡. A\hp •

åeyh¡fuep bpkuep_p 80 \u 100 N°pd ârs `„`

• åeyh¡fuep bpkuep_p 80 \u 100 N°pd \pep¡du\p¡L$Tpd 3 \u 4 N°pd ârs `„` • åeyh¡fuep bpkuep_p 80 \u 100 N°pd L$pbp£këap_ 7 \u 10 rd.gu. ârs `„` _p¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡.

L$`pk_u ka¡v$dpMu_y„ r_e„ÓZ • åeyh¡fuep bpkuep_p 80 \u 100 N°pd A¡kuV$pduâuX$ 2 \u 3 N°pd ârs `„` • åeyh¡fuep bpkuep_p 80 \u 100 N°pd bpea¡Þ\ueyfp¡_ 7 \u 10 rd.gu. ârs `„` કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

L$`pk dphS>s

ârs 15 guV$f `pZudp„ rdîZ L$fu 30 rv$hk_p A„sf¡ 3 R>„V$L$ph L$fhp. brmep V$`L$p„_p¡ fp¡N r_e„ÓZ • M¡sfdp„\u fp¡Nuô Ahi¡j v$yf L$fhp.

• buS> dphS>s \pefd L$¡ L$¡àV$p_ 2 \u 3 N°pd 1 rL$gp¡ buS> v$uW$ Ap`u hph¡sf L$fhy„.

• d¡ÞL$p¡T¡b (X$pe\¡_ A¡d - 45) 0.2 V$L$p A¡V$g¡ L$¡ 15 gu. `pZudp„ 45 N°pd Ap¡Npmu R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡ A\hp L$p¡`f Ap¡¼TuL$gp¡fpCX$ (50 % h¡V$¡bg `phX$f) 0.2% A¡V$g¡ L$¡ 60 N°pd 15 guV$f `pZudp„ Ap¡Npmu 15 rv$hk¡ 2 \u 3 R>„V$L$ph L$fhp.

• åeyh¡fuep bpkuep_p 80 \u 100 N°pd X$pea¡Þ\°ueyfp¡_ 7 \u 10 rd.gu. ârs `„`dp„ _pMu R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡. dugubN - r_e„ÓZ dpV$¡ _uQ¡ dyS>b_p `Ngp g¡hp • `pL$ a¡fbv$gu L$fhu, i¡Yp`pmp Qp¡dpkp_u iê$Aps `l¡gp kpa L$fu L$Qfp¡ bpmu _pMhp¡.

• L$`pk_p„ `pL$dp„ dugubN_p¡ D`Öh iê$ \ pe L$¡ syf„s Æhps hpmp R>p¡X$_p„ cpN_¡ L$¡ ApMp R>p¡X$_¡ D`pX$u Æhps kp\¡ bpmu_¡ _pi L$fhp¡.

• M¡sfdp„ S>¡ S>ÁepA¡ D`Öh S>Zpe Ðep„ ApS>ybpS>y 25 \u 50 R>p¡X$ D`f A_¡ S>du_ D`f du\pCg `¡fp\uep¡_ 2% `phX$f_p¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡.

• ayN S>Þe S>¥rhL$ v$hp "hV$}$kugued g¡L$¡_u' (g¡L$p_ukugued g¡L$¡_u) A\hp "åeyh¡fuep bpkuep_p' 15 guV$f 80 \u 100 N°pd âdpZ¡ c¡mhu R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡.

• spÐL$prgL$ r_e„ÓZ dpV$¡ 15 guV$f `pZudp„ âp¡a¡_p¡ap¡k 30 rd.gu., L$rh_pgap¡k 30 rd.gu. \pep¡X$uL$pb® 15 N°pd `¥L$u L$p¡C A¡L$ v$hp_p¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡ કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

L$`pk_p ayg s\p Æ„X$hp_¡ _yL$ip_ L$fsu Cemp¡ Cemp¡_p r_e„ÓZ dpV$¡ • åeyh¡fuep bpkuep_p 80 \u 100 L$rh_pg ap¡k 10 \u 15 rd.gu. ârs `„` • åeyh¡fuep bpkuep_p 80 \u 100 CÞX$p¡L$TpL$pb® 2 \u 3 rd.gu. ârs `„` • åeyh¡fuep bpkuep_p 80 \u 100 \pep¡X$uL$pb® 5 \u 7 N°pdârs`„` • åeyh¡fuep bpkuep_p 80 \u 100 âp¡a¡_p¡ap¡k 5 \u 7 rd.gu. ârs `„`

N°pd N°pd N°pd N°pd

v$rlep¡ / R>pkuep¡ (c|fuR>pfu) r_e„ÓZ • fp¡N iê$ \sp„ L$pb£ÞX$pTud 0.05% 15 guV$f `pZudp„ 15 N°pd rdîZ L$fu R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡ A\hp • L$p¡`f Ap¡¼TuL$gp¡fpCX$ 50% (åëey L$p¡`f) 0.2% (60 N°pd 15 guV$f `pZudp„) Ap¡Npmu 15 rv$hk_p„ A„sf¡ b¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp. d|mMpC r_e„ÓZ 1) gp„bpNpmp_u `pL$ a¡fbv$gu 2) _pCV$²p¡S>_, ap¡õafk A_¡ `p¡V$pi_y„ kâdpZ Mpsf.

3) rdî `pL$ sfuL$¡ dW$ / AX$v$_y„ hph¡sf.

4) åëey L$p¡`f 15 guV$fdp„ 60 N°pd rdîZ R>p¡X$_u ApS>ybpS>y f¡X$hy„.

L$`pk_p fp¡N L$`pk_p¡ M|Zuep V$`L$p„_p¡ fp¡N r_e„ÓZ 1) buS>_u dphS>s : 100 rd.gu. N„^L$_p¡ s¡Åb 1 rL$.N°p. buS>_¡ Ap`hp¡.

2) âp\duL$ Ap¾$dZ hpmp `p_ huZu _pi L$fhp¡. õV$²¡àV$p¡kpe¼gu_ 1.5 N°pd åëeyL$p¡`f 60 N°pd 15 guV$f `pZudp„ rdîZ L$fu 2 \u 3 hMs R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡.

3) õeyX$p¡dp¡_k ãëeyfp¡k¡Þk õV$²¡C_ 10 N°pd ârs 1 rL$.N°p. buS>dp„ `Ë Ap`hp¡ A_¡ 30 N°pd કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

29

L$`pk dphS>s

kyL$pfp¡ • _p_u Ahõ\pA¡ R>p¡X$ `ump `X$u X$]Q afs¡ bv$pdu hsy®m \pe R>p¡X$ dfu Åe R>¡.

• d|m Qufsp hplu_uAp¡ L$pmu / bv$pdu v$¡Mpe R>¡. r_e„ÓZ 1) ayN_piL$ v$hp_p¡ `V$ \pefd/L$¡àV$p_ 2 - 3 N°pd Ap`u hph¡sf L$fhy„.

2) `pL$ a¡fbv$gu L$fhu.

•

S>du_dp„ c¡S>_u DZ` v$yf L$fhp S>ê$f S>Zpe Ðepf¡ r`es Ap`hy„.

ayg cdfu Mfu `X$hp_u kdõep OZu hMs L$`pk_p `pL$dp„ fp¡N L$¡ Æhps _ lp¡hp R>sp„ Qp`hp `ump `X$u X$]V$ `pk¡ fsy„bX$p L$gf_p¡ \C Mfu `X$sp dpgyd `X$¡ R>¡.

3) åëey L$p¡`f 15 guV$fdp„ 60 N°pd rdîZ R>p¡X$_u ApS>ybpS>y f¡X$hy„.

Mfu `X$hp_p L$pfZp¡ r_hpfZ _p D`pep¡

Ap v$¡l ^prd®L$ rhL$©rs R>¡. ê$„hpV$uhpmp `p__u Åsp¡ L$fsp„ ê$hpV$u hNf_u Åsp¡dp„ s¡ rhi¡j _S>f¡ `X$¡ R>¡.

• _¡à\¡gu_ A¡kuV$uL$ A¡kuX$ 10 `u`uA¡d 60 A_¡ 80 rv$hk¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡.

gnZp¡

• _¡à\¡gu_ A¡kuV$uL$ A¡kuX$ 10 `u`uA¡d kp\¡ 2% X$uA¡`u A\hp 2% eyfuep _p¡ 60 A_¡ 80 rv$hk¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡.

L$`pk_p R>p¡X$_p `p_ `ump A\hp gpg f„N_p \C Åe R>¡. iê$Apsdp„ `p__u rL$_pfu A_¡ `R>u _ÆL$_p¡ cpN gpg b_¡ R>¡. D`Öh suh° lp¡e sp¡ ApMy„ `p_ gpg \C Åe R>¡. `p__u rL$_pfu sfa\u `p_ kyL$psp Åe R>¡ A_¡ Mfu `X$sp„ lp¡e R>¡. R>p¡X$ hl¡gp `fu`¼h \C Åe R>¡. gpg `p_ r_hpfZ _p D`pep¡ • hphZu_p¡ ep¡Áe kde `k„v$ L$fhp¡ S>¡\u R>p¡X$ hpsphfZdp„ kp_yL$ym \C h©rÙ kpfu fus¡ L$fu iL$¡.

• R>p¡X$dp„ `yfsp¡ _pCV$²p¡S>_ dmu fl¡ s¡ dpV$¡ 1 \u 2 % X$uA¡`u A\hp eyfuep_p¡ R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡.

30

• d¡‚¡iued sÐh_u Mpdu _uhpfhp 20 \u 25 rL$gp¡ ârs l¡¼V$f d¡‚¡iued këa¡V$ S>du_dp„ hphZu `l¡gp _pMhp¡ A\hp 1 % d¡‚¡iued këa¡V$_y„ ÖphZ b_phu 90 rv$hk¡ R>p¡X$ D`f R>„V$L$ph L$fhp¡.

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

`p_ X$pmu hN¡f¡dp„ rhL$©rs kpdpÞe fus¡ OZu hMs L$`pk_p R>p¡X$ _p `p_, Qp`hp, L$mu hN¡f¡ S>yv$p S>yv$p fkpeZp¡ _u ApX$ Akf\u gp„bp A\hp sp¡ bfR>V$ \C S>sp lp¡e R>¡. r_hpfZ •

Akf `pd¡gp `p_, X$pmu hN¡f¡ L$p`u _pMhp.

•

_pCV$²p¡S>_eyL$s Mpsf A_¡ `pZu Ap`hp. કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

_¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ

L$©rjdp„ _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ

_¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ X$p¡. L$¡. `u. L$uL$pZu r_. âpÝep`L$ bpNpes ip÷ A_¡ âdyM NyS>fps bpNpes rhL$pk `rfjv$, ApZ„v dp¡. 98253 55748

કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

Ap`Zu Aphsu `¡Yu L$v$pQ M¡sudp„ X$uTuV$g V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ_p D`ep¡N\u A¡kudp„ b¡ku fudp¡V$\u L$fi¡.

râTh£i_ rhN¡f¡ n¡Óp¡dp _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ_p¡ D`ep¡N \_pf R>¡.

_¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gÆ A¡V$g¡ `v$p\®_y„ "_p_pdp„ _p_y„ õhê$`' S>¡_¡ _¡_p¡ õL$¡g L$l¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. (1-100 NM)L$p¡C `Z `v$p\®_¡ _p_pdp„ _p_p õhê$`dp„ a¡fhhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ s¡_p _p_p õhê$`dp„ A_¡L$ NZu i[¼s lp¡e R>¡. lh¡ _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ_¡ R>Ì$u ¾$p[Þs NZhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. S>¡d L$¡ A¡_S>}$ ¾$p[Þs (1940), lrfepmu L$p[Þs (1960), CÞap¡fd¡i_ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ (1980), bpep¡V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ ¾$p[Þs (1990), lh¡ _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ_p¡ eyN i{ \e¡g R>¡, S>¡ rhop_ n¡Ó¡ auTu¼k, L$¡d¡õV$²u, bpep¡gp¡Æ, A¡N°u¼ëQf, kyfnp, a|X$, v$hpAp¡, `ep®hfZ, Apfp¡Áe rhN¡f¡ n¡Ó¡ _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ ¾$p[Þs gph_pf R>¡. _¡_p¡ A¡ N°uL$ iåv$ R>¡, S>¡_p¡ A\® \pe R>¡ _p_y/kyÿd A\hp Þey_sd A¡V$g¡ A¡L$ duV$f_p¡ A¡L$ AbS>dp¡ cpN.

M¡sudp„ Qp¡½$ksp gB Aphhp (_¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ)

ApV$gy„ âp\rdL$ ÅÎep `R>u Ap`Z¡ a¼s _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ_p¡ L$©rjdp„ L$¡hu fus¡ L$pe®nd D`ep¡N \_pf R>¡. s¡_u QQp® L$fiy„. M¡sudp„ _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ_p¡ D`ep¡N (1) `pL$_p kdsp¡g `p¡jZ (f) rbepfZ rhop_ (3) `pL$ ky^pfZp (4) t_v$Z r_e„ÓZ (5) `pL$ k„fnZ (6) L$pe®nd r`es ìehõ\p (7) `p¡jL$ sÐhp¡_u MpduAp¡ ÅZhp (8) fp¡N-Æhps_p„ D`^°yh ÅZhp (9) L$©rje„Ó (10) `iy rhop_ (11) õdpV$® X$uguhfu kuõV$d (12) auifu (13) L$¡t_N A¡ÞX$

ìep`prfL$ M¡sudp„ DÐ`pv$_ AphL$ A_¡ NyZhÑp Ar_hpe® R>¡, S>¡ M¡sudp„ Qp¡½$ksp gB Aph¡ R>¡, S>¡_p dpV$¡ Aphsp hjp£dp„ _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ\u s¡ iL$é b_i¡ S>¡ L$p¡çàeyV$f k¡V$¡gpCV$, `p¡Tui_]N `Ùrs, ÆAp¡N°pau CÞap¡d¡i_ `Ùrs, Ap¡V$p¡d¡rV$L$ diu_ NpBX$Þk, fudp¡V$k¡tkN s\p V$uhu L$p¡çey_uL$¡i_ S>¡hu `ÙrsAp¡ Ýhpfp `pL$_¡ _ÆL$\u r_fnZ \sp ApNm_y„ dpN®v$i®_ dmi¡. Ap `Ùrs gp„bp Npmp_p am `pL$p¡dp„ rhi¡j kp_yL$ym \i¡ Äepf¡ lpg L$©rj n¡Ódp„ OZu dep®v$pAp¡_p¡ kpd_p¡ L$fu fl¡g R>¡, S>¡d L$¡ DÐ`pv$_ dpep®rv$s \hy„, `p¡jL$ sÐhp¡_u Mpdu, ârsL$ym lhpdp_, M¡su l¡W$m_u S>du_ OV$hu S>du_dp„\u k¡[ÞÖe sÐhp¡ Ap¡R>p s\p Akdsp¡g \hp, `pZu s\p hõsu h^pfp rhN¡f¡. a|X$ BÞX$õV$²uT _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ ApS>¡ v$yr_epdp„ 300 L$fp¡X$ X$p¡gf_p _¡_p¡ a|X$ âp¡X$¼V$¹k A_¡ `¡L$¡T]N_y„ dpL$£rV$„N \C fl¡g_p¡ A¡L$ A„v$pS> R>¡.

Aphsp hjp£dp„ _¡_p¡-V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ a|X$ BÞX$õV$²uTdp„ L$v$pQ 40 V$L$p rhõspf L$hf L$fu g¡i¡ S>¡d L$¡ `¡tL$N, ayX$ BçN°¡X$ueÞV$, ÞeyV$²ui__y„ kfnZ, õhpv$ h¡N¡f¡dp„ _¡_p¡ A¡ÞÆ_uef]N_p¡ ìep`L$ D`ep¡N \C fl¡g R>¡, cpfs am A_¡ ipL$cpÆ M¡X$|sp¡_p M¡sf¡\u N°plL$_p કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

31

_¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ

dp¡Yp ky^u Åe Ðep„ ky^udp„ 30-35 V$L$p bNX$u Åe R>¡, v$¡i_¡ v$f hj£ 50,000 lÅf L$fp¡X$_y„ _yL$ip_ \pe R>¡. sprdg_pX$y A¡N°uL$ëQf eyr_hk}$V$u L$p¡Cçbsyf¡ `prV$®L$g_p„ k„ep¡S>_ Ýhpfp _¡_p¡ raëd rhL$kph¡g R>¡.

S>¡_¡ gu^¡ am ipL$cpÆ 21 rv$hk ky^u bNX$ép hNf fpMu iL$pe R>¡. _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ M¡su rhjeL$ dphS>sp¡ : lh¡ Aphsp hjp£dp„ M¡su k¡Þkf_p Ap^pf¡ \i¡ S>¡d L$¡ S>du__u amv$³`sp ÅZhu, hphZu_p¡ kde ÅZhp¡, c¡S>_y„ âdpZ ÅZhy„, `pL$_¡ `p¡jL$ sÐhp¡_u S>{fueps ÅZhu, fp¡N-Æhp„s Ap¡mMhp s¡_u D`pep¡ AS>dphhp, huZu, L$p`Zu dpV$¡ kde ÅZhp¡, rhN¡f¡ Apd M¡sudp„ Qp¡½$kpC gB Aphhp _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ Api}$hpv$ ê$` `yfhpf \i¡. Aphsu `¡Yu sp¡ L$©rjdp„ Digital Technology _p¡ cfQL$ D`ep¡N L$fi¡. õdpV$® X$uguhfu kuõV$d L$©rj `pL$p¡ dpV$¡ Ap`¡g Mpsfp¡, v$hpAp¡ A_¡ t_v$Z_piL$_y„ Qp¡½$k gnp„L$ ky^u `lp¡„Q¡ s¡_¡ õdpV$® X$uguhfu A¡V$g¡ S>¡ s¡ õ\m¡ d|m, \X$, X$pmu, `p__p„ gnp„L$ ky^u `lp¡QpX$hp, S>du_ L$fsp lh¡ _¡_p¡ õdpV$® X$uguhfu\u iL$é R>¡.

S>¡dp„ Qp¡½$ksp gC Aphhp_y„ kfm b_i¡. t_v$Z : M¡X$|sp¡ dpV$¡ `pL$_u kp\¡ t_v$Z dp\p_p v$yMphp kdp_ R>¡. s¡dp„ `Z Mpk L$fu_¡ QuYp¡ A_¡ ^fp¡_¡ v$hp R>p„V$sp ãL$s S>du_ D`f_p cpNp¡ S> bm¡ `f„sy d|m hpmp¡ cpN Æh„s fl¡sp afu kÆh_ \pe R>¡. s¡_u kpd¡ lh¡ _¡_p¡ lb}$kpCX$ Aphu füy„ R>¡. S>¡ V$pN£V$ Ap¡fNp¡_dp„ õdpV$® X$uguhfu Ýhpfp d|m rhõspfdp„ t_v$Z_p¡ k„`|Z® _pi L$fi¡, S>„sy_piL$ v$hp : Ap D`fp„s _¡_p¡ `¡õV$ukpCX$ gp„bp kde ky^u `pL$_y„ Æh„s, fp¡N s\p L$©du\u fnZ L$fi¡. S>„sy_piL$ s\p a|N_piL$ v$hpAp¡ rhN¡f¡_¡ `p¡gudf, X$¡ÞX$udf k`pV$u `f_p„ Apep¡_uL$ Å¡X$pZp¡ Ýhpfp AphfZ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. S>¡\u r_e„rÓs dpÓpdp„ T¡f ^uf¡ ^uf¡ âkf¡ R>¡. rbëL$yg Ap¡R>p S>Õ\pdp„ s¡_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fhp_p¡ \pe R>¡. X$²p¡_ A\hp b¡L$ `¡L$ `ç` Ýhpfp A\hp _p_p rhdp_ Ýhpfp A¡L$f¡ 1 guV$f _¡_p¡ `¡õV$u kpCX$_p¡ R>„V$L$ph `yfsp¡ R>¡. Ap dpV$¡ _¡_p¡V$éyb rhL$kphhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. S>¡ Ap¡R>p MQ® D`gå^ \i¡.

Mpsfp¡dp„ _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ : `pL$ DÐ`pv$_dp„ Mpsfp¡_p¡ MQ® apmp¡ 35-40 V$L$p lp¡e R>¡ s\p eyrfep A_¡ X$uA¡`udp„ Myb dp¡V$u kbkuX$u M¡X$|sp¡_¡ Ap`hu `X$¡ R>¡. D`fp„s M¡X$|sp¡ Mpsfp¡ Akdsp¡g `Z¡ hp`f¡ ap¡õafk s\p `p¡V$pi S>du_dp„ fS>L$Zp¡ kp\¡ S>L$X$pC S>sp `pL$ dpV$¡ D`gå^ \sp _\u. s\p S>du_, `pZu, lhp A_¡ Mp¡fpL$dp„ âv$yjZ `¡v$p \pe R>¡. s¡_u kpd¡ _¡_p¡ aV$}$gpCTf_p„ A_¡L$ apev$p fl¡g R>¡. A¡L$ Aæepk âdpZ¡ 640 du.N°p.

32

કૃ ષિવિજ્ઞાન ષિ | વર્ષ- ૪૮ | અંક-૫ | જુ ન-૨૦૨૨

_¡_p¡ ap¡õafk (40 ppm) 80 L$ugp¡ ap¡õafk bfpbf R>¡. lh¡ Ap_p D`f\u kdsp¡g A_¡ k„L$gus Mpsfp¡_u rhL$kphp dpV$¡ k„ip¡^_ \C füp R>¡, S>¡ Aphsp rv$hkp¡dp„ ¾$p„rsL$pfL$ kpbus \i¡. S>¡ b^p S> S>ê$fu sÐhp¡_y„ k„ep¡S>_ R>¡. _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ_p¡ D`ep¡N L$©rjdp„ Aphsp hjp£dp„ ¾$p„rs kS>}$ iL$¡ R>¡.

NyS>fpsdp„ "BaaL$p¡ A¡ "_¡_p¡ eyrfep" Ap`u_¡ _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ_p¡ M¡X$|sp¡_p rhipm rlsdp„ i{ L$fu v$u^¡g R>¡. Ap`Z¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ Aprc_„v$_ Ap`uA¡ R>uA¡.

A¡L$ \¡gu (50 L$ugp¡) eyrfep_u kpd¡ a¼s 1 guV$f âhplu Äepf¡ eyrfep \¡gu_p L$pe®ndsp a¼s 30-35 V$L$p R>¡. âv$yjZ h^pf¡ R>¡. V$²pÞk`p¡V$® MQ® gpN¡ R>¡. eyrfep hp_õ`rsL$ h©Ý^u h^pf¡ R>¡ S>¡\u DÐ`pv$_ OV$pX$¡ R>¡. Äepf¡ _¡_p¡ eyrfep MQ® OV$pX$¡ R>¡. DÐ`pv$_ h^pf¡ R>¡. lrfepZpdp„ bV$pV$p, V$pd¡V$p OJ A_¡ fpe rhN¡f¡dp„ g¡hpe¡g AMsfpdp„ h^pf¡ DÐ`pv$_ dm¡ R>¡. cpfsue L$©rj A_yk„^p_ `rfjv$ Þey rv$ëlu Ýhpfp _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ dpV$¡ ìep`L$ L$pe® lp\ ^f¡g R>¡. rbepfZdp„ _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ : _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Ædp„ "kuX$ L$p¡rV$d" Ýhpfp kyL$p âv$¡idp„ kuX$ S>fdu_¡i_dp„ Qp¡½$kpC gC Aphhp M¡X$|sp¡ dpV$¡ blyS> Aprihp®v$ ê$` V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ R>¡. S>¡_p\u hphZu `R>u hfkpv$ _p„ `X$¡ sp¡ M¡X$|sp¡_y„ gpMp¡/L$fp¡X$p¡ ê$r`ep_y„ rbepfZ _L$pdy„ Åe ApMu kuT_ r_óam Åe cpfsdp„ 60 V$L$p M¡su hfkpv$ Ap^pfus R>¡ Ðepf¡ hphZu `R>u hfkpv$ _ \pe sp¡ `Z buS> r_óam _ Åe, s¡hu V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ Aphu fl¡g R>¡. `uhp_p `pZudp„ _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ : v$yr_ep_p OZp v$¡ip¡ AiyÙ `pZu `usp lp¡e R>¡. Äepf¡ Ad¡rfL$p_p„ ApfNp¡_CX$ _pd_u L$„`_uA¡ _¡_p¡ duV$f dp`_p„ A¡ëeyrd_ued Ap¡¼kpCX$_p„ _¡_p¡apBbpf b_phhp_y„ âpep¡rNL$ k„ip¡^_ i{ L$f¡g R>¡. S>¡ apebf_p¡ D`ep¡N \sp hpefk, b¡L$V$¡fuep, âp¡V$p¡TyAp `pZudp„\u AkfL$pfL$ fus¡ v$yf L$fu iL$pi¡.

Ap rkhpe T¡fu v$hp\u âv$yrjs \sy„ `uhp_y„ `pZu, r`es_y„ s\p kyA¡T `pZu_y„ iyÝ^uL$fZ L$fhpdp„ _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ_p¡ D`ep¡N \i¡. S>¡_p\u Apfp¡Áe, `ep®hfZ_p„ A_¡L$ âñp¡ DL$¡gu iL$pi¡. `pZu_¡ raëV$f âr¾$ep TX$`\u \i¡ S>¡ _¡_p¡ apebf s\p _¡_p¡bpep¡kCX$ d¡db°¡C_ Ýhpfp \i¡.

Mpk _p¡„^ : AÓ¡ Ap`¡g dprlsu a¼s rhje_u âp\rdL$ dprlsu hpQL$p¡_¡ âp\rdL$ ÅZL$pfu dpV$¡ Ap`¡g R>¡. s¡_p¡ Adg L$fsp r_óZpsp¡_u kgpl gB ApNm h^hy„ Å¡ L$¡ M¡X$|sp¡_u L$npA¡ _¡_p¡ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ Aphsp \p¡X$p kde gpNi¡. L$©rj eyr_hrk®V$uAp¡_u cgpdZ âdpZ¡ ApNm h^hp A_yfp¡^ R>¡. કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

ઢોલીયે બેઠા જ્ઞાન વૃદ્ધિ

આ અંકમાં છપાયેલ લેખ અથવા નવી પ્રોડક્ટ્સ વિષે વધુ માહિતી કે રંગીન કે ટલોગ મેળવવા માટે નું ફોર્મ- વોટ્સઅપ સેવા

ફોટો પાડી વોટ્સઅપ ૯૮૨૫૨૨૯૯૬૬ ઉપર મોકલો.

કંપનીની માહિતી તમારે દ્વાર

કે ટલોગ

મને આ અંકમાં છપાયેલા લેખ, જાહે રાતની વધુ માહિતી જોઈએ છે . જાહે રખબર નીચે લખેલો ઈન્કવાયરી કાર્ડ નંબર જોઇને બોક્સમાં ટીક કરી વોટ્સઅપ કરે લ છે માહિતી મોકલશો.

કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાનના પાનામાં નીચે ઇન્ક્વારી નંબર લખેલ છે તે નંબર ડાબી બાજુ ના બોક્સમાં ટીક કરી કંપની કે ટલોગ મંગાવોવોટ્સઅપ કરો. ૯૮૨૫૨૨૯૯૬૬.

વોટ્સઅપ નંબર :

L©$rjop_ âñp¡sfudp„ cpN gC op_ QL$pkp¡ 1.

A¡f„X$p_u hphZu L$ep„ drl_pdp„ L$fhp_u cgpdZ R>¡ ?

Sy>_ Sy>gpC Ap¡Nô$ 2.

CÞX$ue_ CÞõV$uV$eyV$ Ap¡a õ`pC fukQ® L$ep„ Aph¡gy„ R>¡ ?

L$gL$sp L$pguL$V$ L$p¡Cçbsyf 3.

këaf dug_p fu` V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ k¡ÞV$f_y„ _pd iy„ ?

L©$rjk¡hp L©$rj¾$p„rs L©$rj_p¡hp

The Publisher reserve the right to serve only those individual’s who meet qualifications. કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

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33

ટચુકડી hpQL$p¡_¡, » R>¡ëgpdp„ R>¡ëgu L©$rj dprlsu Ap`_p ky^u `lp¢QpX$sy„ NyS>fps_y„ kp¥\u AkfL$pfL$ L©$rj d¡N¡Tu_ L©$rj rhop_ Ddv$p Âe¡e kp\¡, rb_ _ap_¡ ^p¡fZ¡ L©$rjdprlsu `yfu `pX$hp_p¡ _d° âepk L$fu füy„ R>¡. » L©$rjrhop__y„ hprj®L$ ghpS>d ê$p. 399/_u AphL$ kpd¡ A¡L„$v$f¡ b^y kfcf \pe R>¡. * d_u Ap¡X®$f A_¡ b¢L$ \°y ghpS>d cf_pf hp„QL$p¡_¡ rh_„su L$¡ d_u Ap¡X®$f õgu`dp„ `p¡sp_y„ `yfy kf_pdy„, `u_L$p¡X$ kp\¡ S>ê$f gM¡. » A„L$ Qp¡½$kpC `|h®L$ L$p¡çàeyV$fpCT õV$uL$f » âuÞV$]N Üpfp fhp_p \pe R>¡, A„L$ `p¡ô$dp„ fhp_p \ep `R>u hp„QL$_¡ _ dm¡ sp¡

M¡su L$u _C sL$_uL$

rhð_u _„.1 V$`L$ tkQpC

Mpsf A¡L$ apev$p A_¡L$

^p_yL$p A¡N°uV$¡L$ gu. dlpi[¼s L$p¡çàg¡n, buÅ¡ dpm, gp¡lp ch_ kpd¡, Sy>_u lpCL$p¡V®$_u bpSy>dp„, CÞL$dV$¡n kL®$g `pk¡, Adv$phpv$. dp¡. 97250 11227

નેટાફિમ ઈરીગેશન પ્રા. લી. ૩જો માળ, શ્રીજી કોમ્પ્લેક્ષ, HDFC બેંક ઉપર,ઋતુરાજ કોમ્પ્લેક્ષ પાસે, વાસણા રોડ, વડોદરા -૩૯૦૦૦૧૫ ફોન ; ૦૨૬૫- ૬૧૩૩૧૦૧

ApC.ku.A¡g. CÞX$uep 400, gp¡luep S>¥_ õL$h¡f, bph^_`|_p 411021 l¡ë`gpC_ _„. 1800 210 3131

ઈન્કવાયરી ન. ૪૧

ઈન્કવાયરી ન. ૪૨

ઈન્કવાયરી ન. ૪૩

`pL$ k„fnZ_u _hu v$hpAp¡ këaf_p D`ep¡N rhi¡ ÅZp¡ khp£Ñd `pL$ k„fnZ_u î¡Zu

bpef ¾$p¡` kpeÞk gu. bu.X$u. `V$¡g lpDk, ÓuÅ¡ dpm, kfv$pf `V$¡g L$p¡gp¡_u, _hf„N`|fp fp¡X$, Adv$phpv$ _f¡i `V$¡g 98253 03285

rbT_¡i `p¡CÞV$, h¡õV$_® A¡L$kâ¡k lpCh¡_u bpSy>dp„, A„^¡fu (CõV$), dy„bC îu fpv$qX$ep - 099740 56640

X²$ud raëX$ L$¡duL$g âp. gu.

Apf.L$¡. CÞX$. `pL®$-a¡T-pp,àgp¡V $-15, kh£ 54/4, fpd`fp b¡V$u, rS>. fpS>L$p¡V$ dp¡. 7698017474 A\hp 9725533533

ઈન્કવાયરી ન. ૪૪

ઈન્કવાયરી ન. ૪૫

ઈન્કવાયરી ન. ૪૬

S>¥_ qX²$`_p¡ hpev$p¡ DÐ`pv$_dp„ apev$p¡

dp¡_uV$f A_¡ bpep¡raëX$_p DÐ`pv$L$ v$f¡L$ `pL$ dpV$¡ S>¥rhL$ k„L$g_

S>¥_ CfuN¡i_ kuõV$d gu. buÅ¡ dpm, Adu_ Q¡çbf, 85 bu k„`sfph L$p¡gp¡_u, âp¡X$L$V$uhuV$u fp¡X$, hX$p¡v$fp-390005 v$rnZ NyS>fps 9428820406

A¡N°ug¡ÞX$ bpep¡V$¡L$ guduV$¡X$ 36, râÞk CÞX$. A¡õV$¡V$ dp¡V$p dp¡su`|fp, sp. kphgu, rS>. hX$p¡v$fp l¡ë`gpC_ _„.98794 27771

ઈન્કવાયરી ન. ૪૮

ઈન્કવાયરી ન. ૪૯

õhõ\ `pL$ kd©Â^ M¡X|$s

bV$pV$p_p `pL$_y„ Mpsf

cpfs kqV®$k A¡N°u kpeÞk gu.

1306, rh¾$d V$phf, fpS>¡ÞÖ àg¡k, Þey qv$ëlu-110008 011-42262152 91 8130813636 l¡ë`gpC_ - 8882 426 426

મનસ્યા માર્કે ટિંગ પ્રા. લી. વૃંદાવન નગર લેન નંબર -૩, કાત્રજ-કોંઢવા રોડ, પુને-૪૧૧૦૪૮ મો. ૭૨૧૧૧૨૦૫૦૨

ઈન્કવાયરી ન. ૫૧

ઈન્કવાયરી ન. ૫૨

» fhp_Nu rhcpN_u dpC¾$p¡ÞeyV²$ueÞV$ ip dpV$¡ S>ê$fu R>¡ ?

S>hpbv$pfu fl¡su _\u. s¡d R>sp„ drl_p_p `l¡gp AW$hpX$uep ky^udp„ A„L$ _ dm¡ sp¡ _ÆL$_u `p¡ô$Ap¡auk kp\¡ hps L$fu s¡ A„N¡ N°plL$ A¡fuk A¡N°p¡ guduV$¡X$ _„bf kp\¡ `p¡ô$L$pX®$ "^u aõV®$' X$u-1206, L$¡ihbpN `pV$} gMhp¡(ap¡_ _rl, àgp¡V$ `pR>m, 132 ayV$ fp¡X$, h÷p`yf, Adv$phpv$-15 A¡.L$¡. tklàguT) A„L$ D`gå^ 9137525166, 9879074344 li¡ sp¡ S>ê$f dp¡L$ghpdp„ Aphi¡.ghpS>d cf_pf_¡ ઈન્કવાયરી ન. ૪૭ _d° r_h¡v$_ R>¡ L$¡ sdpfp Üpfp 3 _hp kæep¡_¡ r_^u buS> M¡X|$s_u ghpS>d cfphu s¡d_u kd©[Ý^_y ârsL$ M¡sudp„ kd©qÙ_p Üpf Mp¡ghpdp„ dv$v$ê$` \ph. v$f dpk_u 20 spfuM¡ L©$rjrhop_ ârkÂ^ \pe R>¡. 27 spfuM¡ fhp_p \pe R>¡. kf_pdy„ F$sy ¾$p¡` L$¡f âp. gu. bv$gphp_u kyQ_p àgp¡V$ _„. 531/bu, fp¡X$ - Æ, qL$ip_ N¡CV$, fpS>¡ÞÖ L$p¡ëX$ õV$p¡f¡S> `pk¡, g¡Musdp„ L$fhu S>ê$fu. d¡V$p¡X$p, Æ. fpS>L$p¡V$-21 hprj®L$ ghpS>d : dp¡.94269 42254, 9424482223 ê$p. 399/k„õ\p dpV$¡ ê$p. 798/ઈન્કવાયરી ન. ૫૦

34

bV$¡V$p dpV$¡ `p¡gukëa¡V$ Mpsf_p DÐ`pv$L$

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këaf rdëk guduV$¡X$

કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

ઓટલે બેઠા

- પ્રવીણ પટે લ

\C Nep¡ b^y bu-ayV$u Ney„ _¡ _uQ¡ L$p¡{„ cfX$L$ C L$p„C \p¡X$y„ DN¡ A¡V$g¡ Ðep„ a¡ffp¡`Zu L$fhu `X$i¡.

◼ Nep hMs¡ Ap`Z¡ L$`pk_p buS>_u `k„v$Nudp„ iy„ Âep_ fpMhy„ s¡_u hpsp¡ L$fsp L$fsp Ap¡V$g¡ b¡W$p_u duV$]N `yfu L$fu lsu. Ap hj£ L$`pk_u M¡su_u d|W$ R>¡ A¡V$g¡ b^pA¡ Ap gMpe R>¡ Ðepf¡ L$`pk_y„ bp¡gNpX$®-pp buepfZ Mfuv$u gu^y„ li¡. ApS>_u dl¡aug iê$ \pe Ðep„ Ap`Zp Npd_p M¡sudp„ AN°¡kf fl¡hp dp„Nsp b^p rdÓp¡ `p¡s`p¡sp_u S>Áep gC füp R>¡. Ðepf¡ L$fi_L$pL$p A¡ hps dp„X$u _¡ L$u^y„ L$¡ Ap L$`pkuep_p buS> L$p¡fpdp„ dyL$ep lsp s¡_y„ iy„ \ey„ ?

◼ kyf¡i L$l¡ dpfu DNdZu kuddp„ 4 IQ `gm¡ s¡hy„ `pZ \e¡gy„ Ðep„ L$`pk DNu Nep¡ `Z Ap\dZu kuddp„ dpf¡ 6 hu^p_p¡ L$`pk aV$pL$uep¡

કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

◼ kyf¡i_u hps kp„cmu de„L$ L$l¡ A¡V$g„y epv$ fpMÅ¡ L$¡ lh¡ sd¡ v$yL$p_¡ buS> g¡hp S>ip¡ Ðepf¡ sdpf¡ Å¡CA¡ R>¡ bp¡gNpX$®-pp bug hpmy„ buepfZ A_¡ AÐepf¡ õV$p¡L$ li¡ buÅ¡ A¡V$g¡ `k„v$Nu L$fhpdp„ lpgi¡ lh¡ A¡hy„ _rl L$fsp buS> `pep_u hõsy R>¡ s¡dp„ L$fL$kf L$p¡C L$f¡ _rl, sd¡ `Z _rl L$fsp.

◼ Dv$e¡ hÃQ¡ S> L$u^y„ L$¡ rdÓp¡ Nep hMs¡ Ap`Z¡ L$`pk_u hps L$fsp lsp. L$`pk_ rhrh^ buepfZ_u X$udpÞX$ Ap hj£ h^u s¡hp hphX$ R>¡ A¡V$g¡ A¡d L$lp¡ _¡ L$¡ Ap`Z¡ `l¡gp Nygpbu\u X$fu Nep lsp. lh¡ `pR>p rhop__¡ kdÆ_¡ a¡fp¡d¡_ V$²¡` dyL$u_¡ L$¡ fp¡T¡V$¡X$ ayg_u Ap¡mM L$fu_¡ A_¡ r_edus Ap„V$p¡ dpfu_¡ hpX$u_p R>p¡X$¡ R>p¡X$_u Mbf gC_¡ Nygpbu Cem kpd¡ NZsfu `yh®L$_u gX$hp_u s¥epfu Ap`Z¡ b^pA¡ L$fu gu^u A¡V$g¡ S> Ap`Z¡ L$`pk_p `pL$_u `k„v$Nu L$fu R>¡.

◼ dN_ L$l¡ Ap hj£ kp¡epbu_ A_¡ k|e®dyMu_u hpsy \pe R>¡ sp¡ Ap_p rhi¡ L$„CL$ hps L$fp¡. Dv$e L$l¡ kp¡epbu_ A_¡ k|e®dyMu bß¡ `pL$ kpfp R>¡.

Qp¡dpkpdp„ dp¡X$u hphZudp„ k|e®dyMu L$fpe L$pfZ L$¡ k|e®dyMu_p ayg `pL$hp_u Ahõ\pA¡ hfkpv$ `X$¡ sp¡ _yL$ip_ \pe R>¡. Apd sp¡ k|e®dyMu iuepm„y„ `pL$ dpV$¡ b¡õV$ R>¡, `f„sy kp¡epbu_ ApS>_p¡ _hp¡ `pL$ R>¡ S>¡ b^pA¡ A`_phhp¡ Å¡CA¡.

◼ kp¡epbu_ A¡ L$W$p¡m hN®_p¡ `pL$ R>¡. A_¡ T„TV$ hNf_p¡ `pL$ R>¡. kp¡epbu__p cph Myb kpfp \hp\u lh¡ ApMp cpfsdp„ Mpk L$fu_¡ dÂeâv$¡i A_¡ dlpfpô²dp„ kp¡epbu__p¡ `pL$ dp¡V$p `pe¡ hhpe R>¡. A_¡ M¡X$|sp¡_¡ kpfu AphL$ Aph¡ R>¡. kp¡epbu_ 88 \u 105 rv$hkdp„ `pL$sp¡ `pL$ R>¡. kp¡epbu__y„ Qpkdp„ OpV$y„ hph¡sf apev$p¡ L$f¡ R>¡. kp¡epbu_ 18 L$¡ 24_u ÅmuA¡ hph¡sf L$fhy„ Å¡CA¡.

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35

ઓટલે બેઠા

◼ kp¡epbu__u M¡sudp„ buepfZ Myb dlÐh R>¡ buS> OpV$y„ DNhy„ Å¡CA¡. A¡L$f v$uW$ R>p¡X$_u dlÑd k„¿ep S>mhpe sp¡ kp¡epbu_ V$y¹f\ayg g¡bg\u dm¡ R>¡. kp¡epbu_ OZuhpf ku^p dpL$£V$ epX$®dp„\u ê$`pmp `¡L$]Ndp„ Aph¡ R>¡. s¡\u buS> `k„v$Nudp„ L$pmÆ fpMhu s¡hy„ L$fi_L$pL$pA¡ L$u^y A¡V$g¡ b^p_¡ iuM dmu.

◼ Apep¡S>__u hps `yfu \C A¡V$g¡ de„L$ L$l¡ dfQu_u M¡sudp„ Aphsu L$pmu [\°àk_p r_e„ÓZ dpV$¡ L$C L$C v$hp R>¡ s¡_u dprlsu b^pA¡ d¡mhu g¡hp S>¡hu R>¡. A¡V$g¡ Ap`Zpdp„\u b¡ S>Zp dfQu_u L$pmu [\°àk_p„ rhi¡ AÐ\u Csu ÅZ¡ A_¡ lh¡ `R>u_u duV$]Ndp„ fS>y L$f¡ sp¡ Ap`Zp b^p dpV$¡ kp{„ fl¡i¡.

L$fuA¡ sp¡ A\hp sp¡ Ap`Z¡¡ v$f iy¾$hpf¡ apd® duV$]N fpMu_¡ AW$hpX$uepdp„ Ap`Zu M¡su- M¡sf A_¡ fp¡N Æhps_u QQp® L$fu_¡ L$ey„ dp¡g¡L$eyg L$¡V$gy„ AkfL$pfL$ fl¡ R>¡ s¡ A¡L$buÅ_¡ L$luA¡ sp¡ Ap`Zp b^p_p¡ MQ® OV$¡ A_¡ MQ® OV$¡ A¡V$g¡ _ap¡ h^¡ A_¡ Ap`Zp ApMp Npd_u AphL$ h^¡ sp¡ Ap`Ï„ Npd kd©Â^ b_¡.

◼ iuM D`f\u A¡ iuMhp_y„ R>¡ L$¡ Ap hj£ hfkpv$_p `pZu_¡ `p¡sp_p M¡sfdp„ L$¡d Dspfhy„?

A\hpsp¡ Ap`Zu iuddp„ b^p c¡Np \C_¡ hfkpv$_p `pZu_¡ lph£õV$ L$fhp A¡V$g¡ L$¡ QZu g¡hp dpV$¡ Q¡L$X$¡d/bp¡fub„^ hN¡f¡ iy„ L$fh„y s¡ lS>y„ rhQpfu g¡hy„ Å¡CA¡ s¡hy„ sd_¡ b^p_¡ _\u gpNsy„ s¡hy„ dN_cpC bp¡ëep A¡V$g¡ b^p L$l¡ Agp¡ L$pg\u kpd|rlL$ L$pe® L$fu_¡ Apep¡S>_ L$fuA¡.

◼ kp{„ sp¡ Ðepf¡ \i¡ S>epf¡ Ap`Zu `¡v$pi_p¡ cph Ap`Z_¡ kpfp¡ dmi¡. Ap`Z¡ duî`pL$ `Ùrs_p¡ Adg L$fu_¡ rhrh^ `pL$p¡_u hphZu L$fhu Å¡CA¡. hÃQ¡ L$W$p¡m `pL$_y„ Apep¡S>_ rhQpfu iL$pe sp¡ kfhpm¡ hfk kp{„ fl¡ s¡hy„ Ns hj£_p Ap`Zp A_ychp¡ A¡hy„ L$l¡ R>¡.

A_ychp¡_u Ap` g¡ Ap`Z¡ A¡L$ buÅ_¡

◼ de„L$ L$l¡ Ap`Zp `pL$dp„ Aphsp L$uV$L$p¡ A_¡ fp¡Np¡_y„ A_p¡Mu fus¡ A¡V$g¡ L$¡ bpep¡ L$„V$²p¡g Üpfp L$„V$²p¡g \pe A_¡ kQp¡V$ `rfZpd dm¡ s¡hu ëeyf lh¡ bTpfdp„ Aphu R>¡ lh¡ bTpfdp„ rhrh^ âL$pf_u a¡fp¡dp¡_ V$²¡` Aphu R>¡ S>¡ dyL$hp\u rhrh^ `pL$_u rhrh^ Æhpsp¡_p _f _¡ ApL$rj®_¡ r_e„ÓZ L$fu iL$pe R>¡. A¡dpe Å¡ kpdyrlL$ fus¡ Ap L$pe® \pe sp¡ hNf v$hpA¡ kpfp `rfZpd dm¡ R>¡. ◼ Ap kp„cmu v$u_¡i L$l¡ L$ep„ L$ep„ L$uV$L$p¡ dpV$¡ Aphu a¡fp¡dp¡_ V$²¡` A_¡ ëeyf Aphhp d„X$u R>¡ s¡_u epv$u Ap` ! A¡V$g¡ de„L$ L$l¡ h¡gphpmp `pL$ dpV$¡, L$¡fu, g]by, _pmue¡fu_p dy„X$p dpV$¡, L$`pk_u Nygpbu Cem dpV$¡, dL$pC_u ap¡g Aprd® dpV$¡, X$p„Nf_u Npcdpfp_u Cem dpV$¡, L$p¡bu_p lufpayv$p_u Cem dpV$¡, V$d¡V$p_p `p_L$p¡fuep dpV$¡, amdpMu dpV$¡ hN¡f¡ dpV$¡ lh¡ a¡fp¡dp¡_ V$²¡` Aph¡ R>¡ h^y rhNs dpV$¡ ap¡_ L$fp¡. fd¡icpC NpeT¡_ V$¡L$_p¡gp¡Æ 96198 00640

36

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કૃ ષિ વિજ્ઞાન

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૦� � �૦ � �� સ�ટ બર ૨૦૨૨ હ�લપે� ���ઝ�બશન સે�ટર ગ ધીનગર, ગુજરાત

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