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Our cover story this month takes you to the heart of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Monica Moscatelli and Alessandro Raffa’s insightful research paper, Green Infrastructure in arid urban contexts -Transitioning Ecologies Beyond Green Riyadh, sheds light on the pivotal role that green infrastructure can play in this transformation, particularly in arid urban contexts like Riyadh. Page 10
In Singapore, we showcase a stunning new collection of lush gardens and serene waterscapes designed by landscape architect Grant Associates has been unveiled at The Grand Hyatt. This project, part of a major transformation of the luxury city-centre hotel, is inspired by the Japanese practice of “Shinrin-yoku” or Forest Bathing. The interconnected gardens harmonize beautifully with the surrounding environment, creating luxurious retreats that offer guests a deep sense of relaxation and respite. page 20
As the summer heat continues to test our urban environments, we also bring you an article by Mark Laurence that explores the critical role of urban street trees. Laurence discusses the immense benefits trees offer, from providing shade to improving air quality, but also stresses the importance of properly planting and nurturing these trees to ensure their survival in the hot desert climate.
In this issue, we’re also excited to feature Abu Dhabi’s ambitious AI-based research programme, the region’s largest, aimed at monitoring the condition of vegetation and pastures. Led by the Environment Agency, this initiative marks a significant step forward in assessing the health of native plant species both within and beyond Protected Areas, highlighting the region’s ongoing commitment to environmental stewardship.
We also dive into how ‘Designers Are Reviving Damaged Public Spaces,’ which explores the revival of neglected areas into vibrant public spaces. This article showcases how thoughtful design can breathe new life into spaces that have fallen into disrepair, providing a much-needed boost to urban communities.
Finally, we invite you to discover the unique cultural journey represented by Mansour Palace, a symbol of the deep connection between Saudi Arabia and Brazil. This extraordinary site blends luxury with cultural exclusivity, honoring the rich heritage of both nations in a truly remarkable architectural statement.
Enjoy the issue!
Managing Partner: Ziad Maarouf Amine
Copy Editor: John Hampton Phillip Higgins
Administrative Assistance: Sarry Gan
Art Director: Ramon Andaya
Contributors: Mark Laurence, Monica Moscatelli, Alessandro Raffa, JR Andrade, Nick Vellacott, Nichelle Swanepoel, John Arthur Davies, Maria Azzurra
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As part of the Environment Agency – Abu Dhabi (EAD)’s endeavours to adopt cutting-edge and innovative technologies in support of environmental sustainability initiatives and conservation of plant diversity in the emirate of Abu Dhabi, the Agency has partnered with Dendra Co. to execute a comprehensive programme aimed at assessing the state of natural terrestrial habitats across the emirate of Abu Dhabi.
The Agency led the development process of a detailed study design that includes carefully chosen areas suitable for assessing the state of native vegetation cover in natural habitats within and beyond Protected Areas. This systematic approach enabled EAD to measure the extent and dynamics of changes that occur in the diversity and the distribution of local plants that are linked to human uses and anthropogenic influences.
The research programme was implemented and facilitated by a team of young national talents from the Agency and Dendra Co. which specialises in conducting environmental consultancy studies using artificial intelligence methodologies and data collection programmes via smart sensors provided to drones.
Her Excellency Dr. Shaikha Salem Al Dhaheri, commented on the project: “EAD continually seeks to improve its environmental research methods and programmes and implement its habitat rehabilitation projects in line with the vision of His Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates, who profoundly emphasised the importance of consolidating sustainability and conserving the country’s environmental and natural heritage. A real testament to this commitment is the wise leadership’s announcement to extend the Year of Sustainability to include the year 2024, with the aim of building on
ABU DHABI LAUNCHES THE REGION’S LARGEST AI-BASED RESEARCH PROGRAMME TO MONITOR THE
CONDITION OF ABU DHABI’S VEGETATION AND PASTURES
the success achieved during the past 12 months, re-affirming the country’s commitment to achieving a prosperous and sustainable future for all.”
Her Excellency added: “This programme is considered the largest field research project ever implemented in the region. More than six months of continuous work enabled us to comprehensively cover a total area of 11,000 hectares as a representative survey of the critical vegetation cover most vulnerable to environmental threats resulting from human uses and climate change. The detailed data resulting from the programme will contribute to giving clearer guidance which will enhance the decision-making process to deal with the increasing pressures proactively.”
Her Excellency. Dr. Al Dhaheri stressed the fact that the expansion of focused environmental research programmes by EAD reflects its commitment to moving forward in protecting the UAE’s natural heritage and developing decisions and practices aimed at increasing natural habitats’ adaptation and resistance to climate change. This approach aligns with the Abu Dhabi Climate Change Strategy which seeks to reduce carbon emissions and supports the UAE’s effort to achieve Net Zero by 2050.”
Ahmed Al Hashemi, Executive Director of the Terrestrial and Marine
Biodiversity Sector at EAD, said: “The Agency’s long years of experience in the environmental sustainability field has proven that employing advanced technologies, including innovative techniques powered by artificial intelligence and the use of drones in environmental research, is extremely effective, enabling EAD to accomplish coverage of areas that are inaccessible through traditional methods. Besides that, the environmental and financial impact of these techniques is considered small compared to the negative effects on the environment resulting from traditional field work methods resulting from the use of vehicles to reach research areas.
This is in addition to the clear rationing of operational administrative costs. A standard comparison showed that this approach contributed to saving time and costs by up to 90 per cent, compared to traditional methods, and therefore this programme is considered an important qualitative addition to the work methods followed by EAD.”
Al Hashemi added: “The specialised teams from EAD and Dendra Co. were able to accurately implement the project according to the research plan, and managed to succeed in achieving our goal of collecting and analysing the largest possible amount of field data. A vast research area of natural habitats was covered, and the vital indicators
of multiple types of local plants were accurately measured, allowing the health of the vegetation to be assessed and the effects and pressures on it to be determined systematically, including overgrazing, and the impact of human activities, especially the use of four-wheel drive vehicles. The programme also included photographic documentation of wildlife distribution areas and an assessment of the extent of their relationship with wild plant species. This helped us increase our understanding of vegetation data and its response to human influences.”
In addition to field monitoring and research, a smart geographic database platform was developed to document all project information. This platform provides the ability to produce instant reports and accurate statistical analysis. According to the initial study design, EAD has also implemented an operation to disperse seeds of local plant species using drones capable of carrying a total weight of 70 kg and dispersing them in three areas within the emirate of Abu Dhabi. Each 380-hectare area was monitored as a baseline to assess the extent to which these seeds respond to natural regeneration linked to rainfall rates and soil type. The team will also conduct an annual study of the same sowing areas to measure data on the success of natural germination.
Rqitects, a pioneer in architectural innovation, proudly announces its dedication to celebrating cultural fusion by prioritizing the infusion of Emirati cultural elements into contemporary architectural designs.
In a groundbreaking stride towards diversity and cultural appreciation, Rqitects has undertaken the task of seamlessly blending traditional Emirati aesthetics with cutting-edge architectural principles. This avant-garde approach not only pays homage to heritage but also results in distinctive architectural spaces that narrate a compelling story of cultural evolution.
With a masterful integration of Emirati motifs, colors, and materials alongside modern architectural elements, Rqitects aims to craft environments that resonate with the rich tapestry of Emirati culture. From traditional patterns seamlessly integrated into the architectural framework to the utilization of locally sourced materials, each element is meticulously curated to evoke a sense of pride and connection to the region.
“At Rqitects, we firmly believe that embracing cultural diversity enriches the essence and sophistication of architectural spaces. Our commitment to interweaving Emirati cultural elements into our designs reflects our dedication to creating spaces that not only exude visual brilliance but also convey a cultural narrative,” says Reem Al Qamzi, the Emirati architect and owner of Rqitects.
This visionary initiative aligns seamlessly with Rqitects’ mission of not merely designing structures
RQITECTS REDEFINES ARCHITECTURAL LANDSCAPE, INFUSING MODERN SPACES WITH EMIRATI ELEGANCE
but orchestrating experiences that resonate with individuals on a cultural level. The company invites clients and architectural enthusiasts to explore the harmonious blend of tradition and modernity as they unveil a collection that flawlessly merges Emirati heritage with contemporary architectural design.
Remaining at the forefront of the industry, Rqitects sets a precedent for how cultural fusion can elevate architectural design to unprecedented heights. The company is excited to embark on this cultural journey, celebrating the vibrant spirit of Emirati heritage while shaping the future of modern architectural aesthetics.
Glimpse of some projects
HMS
Mirdif Hospital
HMS Mirdif Hospital is a remarkable example of how architectural innovation can redefine healthcare spaces. The facility features a therapeutic design that integrates serene colors, natural light, and tranquil surroundings to promote healing and well-being. Highlights include luxury
furnishings and ambient lighting that create a comforting environment for patients. Notably, the hospital boasts delivery room suites designed with such premium materials and amenities that they have become the most expensive in the world, setting a new standard in luxury healthcare. The elegant design elements, such as marble accents and custom woodwork, enhance the overall aesthetic, making HMS Mirdif Hospital a paragon of contemporary healthcare architecture.
Green Coast
Green Coast is setting a new standard for eco-friendly commercial offices in Dubai. This ultra-modern building, currently under construction, is designed with sustainability at its heart, aiming to achieve GOLD LEED accreditation. The design reflects the sustainable ethos of the company behind it, featuring massive louvres that house live green walls, which enhance energy efficiency and air quality. The sleek, contemporary architecture combines functionality with elegance, creating a harmonious workspace that fosters innovation and collaboration. The building includes multi-purpose spaces such as commercial offices, showrooms, and warehouses, with high-end furnishings and state- of-the-art smart office technology integrated seamlessly.
DAR DELIVERS DETAILED DESIGN AND SUSTAINABILITY STRATEGY FOR NEW ARAMCO STADIUM IN AL KHOBAR
Aramco, one of the world’s leading integrated energy and chemicals companies, in collaboration with leading real estate company ROSHN has announced the commencement of construction on Aramco Stadium, Al Khobar’s new 47,000-spectator stadium which is planned to meet international standards for the world’s premier football competitions, such as the 2027 AFC Asian Cup, the FIFA World Cup 2034 — which the Kingdom is bidding to host — as well as other showpiece entertainment events.
Dar Al-Handasah Consultants (Shair and Partners) — Dar — was responsible for developing and delivering the detailed design of this iconic new stadium, actualizing the signature architect’s vision of a stunning new structure inspired by the natural environment. Dar also delivered the detailed design of the mixed-use masterplan facilities and infrastructure.
Dar’s sister Sidara company Maffeis Engineering – one of the world’s most specialized structural engineering consultancies – delivered the detailed design of the stunning and structurally unique roof and façade system.
Dar also crafted the sustainability strategy for the stadium, targeting LEED and Mostadam certifications and setting exceptional standards for sustainable stadiums in hot climates, while aligning with Saudi Vision 2030, the Saudi Green Initiative and local and international regulations. The strategy includes measures for implementing passive and active energy efficiency incorporating demand response technologies, reducing water use, diverting operational waste away from landfills, and specifying eco-friendly, local, and recycled products.
Alwasail Industrial Company produces plastic pipes (Polyethylene) of different sizes and lengths for irrigation systems, drinking water, wastewater, sanitation, gas, electricity conduits, and telecom ducts. It also complements its pipe production with a diverse production program for pipe fittings and irrigation accessories. Saudi Rubber Products produces rubber rings, joints’ seals. It has recently commissioned its foam rubber production lines
Making Arid Urban Green:
A VISION FOR GREEN SAUDI ARABIA
In the heart of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 lies an ambitious goal: transforming the Kingdom’s urban environments into greener, more sustainable spaces, despite the challenges posed by its arid climate. As cities like Riyadh expand, integrating green infrastructure becomes not just a luxury but a necessity to ensure ecological, economic, and social resilience. Monica Moscatelli and Alessandro Raffa’s insightful research paper, Green Infrastructure in arid urban contexts -Transitioning Ecologies Beyond Green Riyadh, sheds light on the pivotal role that green infrastructure can play in this transformation, particularly in arid urban contexts like Riyadh.
The Challenge of Arid Urbanization
Saudi cities, characterized by vast stretches of barren land and extreme weather conditions, present unique challenges for urban planners. Traditional urban development in these areas often leads to isolated green spaces that struggle to integrate with the desert landscape. The research highlights the significant proportion of “vacant lands” within these cities—up to 40% within Riyadh’s built-up area and over 70% in expansion zones. Often left undeveloped, these areas represent a tremendous opportunity for regeneration through green infrastructure.
A Landscape-Based Approach
Moscatelli and Raffa advocate for a “landscape-based” approach to green infrastructure, where the urban landscape is viewed as a hybrid space that blends natural and technological elements. This approach encourages the design of green spaces that are multifunctional, interconnected, and deeply integrated into the urban fabric rather than isolated pockets of greenery.
By adopting strategies prioritizing connectivity, multifunctionality, and social inclusion, Saudi Arabia can transform vacant lands,underutilized or mono-functional spaces into vibrant green infrastructure. The research emphasizes the need for a holistic, multidisciplinary approach to urban planning, one that considers the complex ecological dynamics at play in arid environments.
Seven Strategies for Green Riyadh
The study identifies seven strategic lines that could guide the development of green infrastructure in Riyadh, serving as a model for other Saudi cities:
Wadi Hanifa and Wadi Sulay System: These blue-green corridors, historically defining Riyadh’s eastern and western limits, should be regenerated and expanded. The strategy calls for enhancing their ecological functionality and accessibility, transforming them into key components of the city’s green infrastructure.
Infrastructure Mitigation: Large-scale green spaces should be implemented to mitigate the environmental impact of Riyadh’s car-centric infrastructure. This includes expanding tree coverage along major roads and integrating green spaces into the urban fabric to reduce heat islands and pollution.
Urban Parks and Peri-Urban Areas: Riyadh’s parks and surrounding rural areas must be interconnected, creating green corridors linking urban and peri-urban ecosystems. This integration can improve urban biodiversity and support local food production through sustainable agricultural practices.
Neighbourhood Green Systems: Private neighbourhoods and compounds in Riyadh, often characterized by isolated green spaces, should be opened up and connected to the broader green infrastructure network. This could enhance community engagement and improve residents’ overall quality of life.
Capillary Green System: The proliferation of small, scattered green spaces throughout Riyadh’s urban fabric represents an untapped ecological potential. These areas should be designed to reduce resource consumption while enhancing their ecological and social functions.
Soil Demineralization: Addressing the impermeability of Riyadh’s urban soils is crucial for managing flash floods and improving water retention. Demineralizing public and private spaces, combined with increased vegetation, can help mitigate these risks.
I SUSTAINABLE SPACES
Hybrid Belt System: The vacant lands surrounding Riyadh’s urban fringes offer a unique opportunity to create “hybrid” landscapes that blend green and desert ecologies. These areas could serve as ecotones—transition zones that enhance biodiversity and support the city’s ecological resilience.
A Vision for a Green Saudi Arabia
The research underscores the importance of green infrastructure in achieving the goals of Saudi Vision 2030, particularly within the context of the Saudi Green Initiative (SGI) and the Middle East Green Initiative (MGI). These initiatives aim to enhance the quality of life for residents and ensure a sustainable future for the Kingdom.
However, the success of these initiatives hinges on a shift in perspective—from viewing green spaces as isolated entities to recognizing them as integral components of a broader urban ecosystem. This requires a commitment to interdisciplinary collaboration and a willingness to experiment with new approaches to urban design and planning.
As Saudi Arabia continues its journey toward a greener future, the lessons from Riyadh’s green infrastructure initiatives offer valuable insights. By embracing a landscapebased approach and implementing the seven strategies outlined by Moscatelli and Raffa, the Kingdom can transform its arid urban landscapes into thriving, resilient, and sustainable environments. The challenge is great, but so too is the potential for creating a model of green urbanism that can inspire cities across the globe.
This vision aligns with Saudi Arabia’s broader goals of sustainability, innovation, and quality of life improvement, making it a cornerstone of the Kingdom’s ambitious transformation agenda.
About the authors
Monica Moscatelli is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Architecture at Prince Sultan University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. An architect with a PhD, Monica specializes in enhancing cultural heritage and sustainability strategies for urban and rural environments and contributes to research in the Sustainable Architecture Lab. She is collaborating on a grant focused on green solutions to tackle climate change, funded by the Council for Australian-Arab Relations, in partnership with Victoria University in Melbourne and Kingdom University in Bahrain. Monica is also a jury member for the Landscape Middle East Awards 2024 and was honoured, twice in a row, with the ‘Best Paper Award’ for her work on sustainability and the built environment at the International Conference on Sustainability: Development and Innovations, ICSDI 2022 and ICSDI 2024.
Alessandro Raffa, Architect PhD, is an Assistant Professor PON R&I FSE REACT-EU at the Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures at the University of Basilicata, Italy. Fulbright Visiting Scholar at the University of Florida (2023-2024), he is member of the coordination and research group of UNESCO Chair of Mediterranean Cultural Landscape and Communities of Knowledge, Matera. Researcher at the NatureCityLAB and associate researcher at FEEM-Fondazione ENI Enrico Mattei, he is member of the working group of Matera, inside the twinning agreement between Matera Municipality and the Royal Commission for AlUla. His research focuses on the multifaceted dimensions of sustainable green regeneration, with a focus on cultural-sensitive adaptation to climate change.
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STREET
TREES
STREET TREES WHY
WHY DON’T LAST LONG IN THE
REGION
DON’T LAST LONG IN THE REGION
By: Mark Laurence MSGD, MCIHort, ISA Certified Arborist
If there is one thing that makes being outdoors bearable in an urban arid environment, it is trees. It can be up to 20°C cooler in the direct shade of a tree and a street with trees planted along it will be several degrees cooler overall. But not all trees do well in the street, where conditions are naturally hostile, soil volumes inadequate and paving holds and reflects heat. Add poor nursery stock and bad planting practices and it all contributes to the short life of an urban tree (various studies show that the average urban tree lives for between 7 -28 years - in temperate climates).
In my last article, in February, I wrote about the importance of tree roots and soil, which goes hand-
in-glove with how we should plant and care for street trees - do find and read that article too. This article is not about the technical specifying or a how-to guide on tree planting, but rather a visual exploration and reminder that we must do more to ensure we have healthy, vibrant, and effective street trees. The technical stuff will be another article.
Street trees in the region live fast and die youngif they’re lucky. Otherwise, they struggle and die. Few make it to a natural old age, and you might not expect them to, for they do not live in a natural environment. Yet there is much that could be done to improve the health and lifespan of urban trees and this falls into the following categories: right tree species
This is the correct depth of planting, with the natural root collar/trunk flare above the soil level
selection, good planting specification, adequate soil pit preparation, correct planting at the correct height, good quality nursery stock, good staking/ support practice, correct irrigation and correct ongoing pruning and maintenance. Unfortunately, I have rarely seen these applied in almost any region of the world. Why is this? Two factors - training, and cost. There are not enough trained horticulturalists or arborists (even the word horticulturist is not used in the Middle East) and competitive pricing ensures low-quality stock and quick planting methods, no matter what the specification says. There is also a lack of perception that trees need more than just a hole in the ground.
Ultimately, the client must give preference to quality and pay for it, ensuring this message transfers from intent, down through multiple companies and sub-contractors, to implementation and after-care.
Let’s think about sourcing trees. Firstly, the market is global, not local, and most trees are likely to have originated abroad, often in the Far East. Even the largest nurseries import trees, the demand is just too great. There are vast amounts of proposed tree plantings right now, especially in Saudi Arabia, and the demand means a shortage of supply. This puts pressure on nurseries to grow them faster.
The result is often that trees are grown very close together with rootballs that are too small (to keep transport weight down). Competition for light in dense rows forces upright growth with few side branches and little or no stem taper. This is important because the trees are being grown (in essence) as a crowded forest tree while the end requirement is generally for a tree with an open, full canopy. Such trees need good stem taper and a sound branch scaffolding to become good specimens. They also
A shaded and cool back-street alley of Delonix regia
The recent storms in the UAE showed how inadequate many root systems are. Picture by Martin Reschka
These trees are poorly staked and have no stem taper with a crown formed by heading cuts
This frangipani has been planted at least 30cm too deep. Don’t bury the root flare
Poor plant pit design, staking and poor nursery stock leaves little chance of survival
need a good root system yet are in a too-small container, likely to have circling roots if not correctly pruned and repotted. Finally, if the tree does not have, from the supplier, the right branch structure, this can’t be altered and what formative pruning could be done is often ignored, or more likely, not perceived as necessary. Straight away, production has limited and sometimes negated the end required result; such trees don’t have a high rate of survival. There is also a large risk of importing exotic diseases from the place of origin.
Incidentally, the tall thin growth without stem taper is precisely why the Miyawaki mini-forest fad is doomed to ultimate failure. Trees planted at 4 or 5 per square meter can only grow upwards in fierce competition for light. This is not what we need in urban environments. The initial results of this system may be impressive, but the long-term results will likely be a failure. Physiology rules in this respect, and these will never form good, mature trees.
The next consideration is the planting pit, soil, planting method, and staking. I’ll write a separate article on this but will mention now a big concern: many trees are planted too deep. This starts with the architects and designers; many tree planting diagrams show rootballs sitting at some depth underneath the new soil surface, which is highly detrimental to the tree. If specifiers don’t know better, is it any wonder trees get planted in this manner? Trees have a root
flare and this needs to remain exposed to the air, (see diagram) which puts the lateral roots at the correct depth in the soil. It doesn’t help that nurseries often grow trees too deeply in their containers. Root collar/ trunk flair must always be visible at the surface.
One of the ways of creating root space for trees in paved environments is by using underground crating systems, which form a structural support for the hard surfaces but allow the substrate to remain uncompacted, giving a good root-run. These are especially beneficial when they are joined up in a line down the street, giving a continuous rooting medium. Oxygen still needs to infiltrate this medium though.
The best solution, where space allows, is to have soil open to the air, with uncompressed soil and suitable underplanting and/or mulch, to or beyond the drip line. Mulch is important yet little-used in the Middle-East region and landscapes themselves can be managed as coppice to produce their own mulch, turning a purely aesthetic approach to design into a functional ecosystem.
By becoming more sophisticated in our design aspirations we can set tree planting to achieve multiple goals; another one is stormwater mitigation. No one in the UAE is going to argue against this after the recent flood events and trees can/should be designed into the heart of urban drainage systems. The use of crating mentioned above is a key part of
Palms may need less root volume, but this is poor placement and design
The inevitable consequence of poor design Some trees survive, despite all that is wrong
that and this is known as SUDS, sustainable urban drainage systems. During the recent storms many trees were blown over, revealing inadequate root systems and insufficient root space (see pic). This is also a problem exacerbated by excessive, shallow irrigation. Over-irrigated trees don’t need deep roots to find water. Look at the number of ghaf trees in irrigated landscapes which are severely leaning, compared with those you find in the desert. The winds are the same, the water availability is what’s different.
Whilst tree pit design requirements can seem inflexible, tree species selection is also a vital part of the design. Some trees grow larger and have invasive root systems. These are generally the toughest trees, for they are survivors. Think damas, sidr, neem, or various figs. All have aggressive roots and will take care of themselves in harsh environments, but at some potential cost to surrounding infrastructure. Better to use less aggressive species in an urban street. Palms of course, have adventitious, fibrous root systems that are generally benign and (some) are of limited spread.
At the same time, we don’t want to just use small, ‘pretty’ trees, we need a mix of species to allow diversity and a micro-ecosystem to emerge. That may be a challenge in your average urban street but I remain convinced that by increasing design parameters, expectations, and budgets, we can do much more to make urban streets more beautiful, livable, and more able to mitigate the increasing adverse effects of climate change.
Trees like Ziziphus are street survivors - with extensive root systems
Would you want to live in there? No room for a tree
Despite inadequate soil volume, some trees are just tough. This has led to low design expectations
WELLNESS GARDENS
By: Grant Associates
A new collection of lush gardens and serene waterscapes designed by landscape architect Grant Associates has been unveiled at The Grand Hyatt in Singapore, as part of a major transformation of the luxury city centre hotel.
Nestled in the heart of Orchard Road, The Grand Hyatt Singapore aims to combine refined design with natural tranquillity, providing a distinctive retreat for those seeking a respite from bustling urban life.
Conceived during the challenging times of the Covid 19 pandemic, human wellbeing and nature’s crucial role in wellness was at the heart of the design thinking behind this urban oasis, designed in partnership with Tokyo-based interior architects Strickland and NAO Taniyama Associates.
Water flows, tumbles, and cascades through lushly planted surroundings, infusing the area with a relaxing lifeforce that nurtures and sustains. Inspired by ‹Shinrin-yoku› or Forest Bathing, Grant Associates’ design features interconnected gardens that harmonize seamlessly with the environment, offering luxurious retreats for relaxation and respite.
Within this meandering tropical garden, guests can discover refreshed wellness facilities including a 24hour Fitness Centre with outdoor functional fitness area, a hydrotherapy wellness pool, a 25-metre swimming pool, and an outdoor lawn area for meditation, yoga and pilates.
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The Wellness Gardens also serve as a natural sanctuary for pollinators from the neighbouring Orchard and Somerset butterfly trails, and include ponds for the resident Koi. Artwork throughout the hotel reflects the flight of butterflies, delightfully connecting people with nature.
Toby Kyle, Associate Director at Grant Associates in Singapore, comments: “These lush gardens not only enrich their surroundings but also promote urban biodiversity, enhancing Singapore’s ecological fabric. Each garden is meticulously crafted to offer guests a natural sanctuary in a vibrant cityscape, reflecting Singapore’s unique relationship between the city and nature.”
This transformation of a once-outdated garden into a sleek, contemporary space proves that attention to landscaping and great design can completely redefine a property’s aesthetics and functionality. Gin Wingfield Designs are known for creating memorable beautiful spaces that clients love. This garden is no different.
From the Undefined to a Contemporary Oasis
Gin Wingfield Designs
From Overgrown to Minimalist Elegance
The project began with a Dubai garden - out of fashion, overgrown and non-distinct. It needed attention and the vision was clear: strip the clutter and introduce a clean-cut, minimalist design.
The key to this transformation was to reduce the overwhelming amount of detail and focus on the open, airy space that was hidden. It was all about adding layers of interest without adding layers of clutter. Steps and various levels strategically placed around the garden were introduced and now create more space, while adding
interest and depth. These steps also guide the eye, inviting exploration and offering subtle elevation changes that make the garden feel expansive.
The result? A garden that feels large and is now unrecognisably fresh and inviting.
The Pool
As with many family gardens, the pool is the centrepiece of both entertainment and visual appeal. Thoughtful planning and design have resulted in pool tiles that blend seamlessly with the rest of the exterior. The overflow feature, with water cascading over the edge, not only enhances the visual appeal but also creates a therapeutic ambiance with the soothing sound of flowing water.
The same effect was implemented in the front garden with a bench and an integrated water feature. Playing to the calming effect of the sound of water can also reduce street and city noise.
The Versatile Pergola
“One of the standout features and another favourite in our gardens are pergolas, which serve multiple purposes,” says Gin. “This style of pergola is very popular in our region. It can be set to either allow sunlight to pour in or adjusted to create ventilation but keep the shade during warmer days. Its versatile structure adds a layer of functionality and style, making the outdoor space adaptable to different weather conditions. It is also often home to the outdoor kitchen.”
Before
The Heart of Outdoor Living
At the heart of the new garden is a fully equipped outdoor kitchen that caters to everything from casual barbecues to elaborate al fresco dining. The kitchen incorporates all the essentials for outdoor entertainment, with a setup and location that encourage seamless indoor-outdoor living, no matter the weather.
A Retreat with Ambient Lighting
Adding to the modern appeal is the separate lounge and chill area, a true retreat within the garden. Conveniently situated to fill a corner of the garden close to the pool and in an otherwise dead space, it offers a sense of privacy and seclusion. Light strip trimming around the seating adds
a touch of sophistication. “To complete the cozy vibe we placed a fire pit for an even more enchanting atmosphere.”
The Olive Tree Statement
Olive trees were carefully chosen to feature in the garden, adding a touch of Mediterranean flair that complements the contemporary design. Known for their resilience and beauty, these trees bring a sense of timeless elegance to the space, grounding the modern elements with their classic appeal. Other prominent plants in the garden include Fountain Grass (Pennisetum), Sea hibiscus (Hibiscus tiliaceus) and Java Plum (Syzygium cumini). Java Plums are a rapidly growing species and can reach heights of 30 m (100 ft). Its dense foliage provides shade – something we cherish in the Middle East.
The Tropical Almond (Terminalia Catappa) is another functional addition with an upright, symmetrical crown and horizontal branches. As the tree gets older, its crown becomes more flattened to form a spreading, vase shape. Its branches are distinctively arranged in tiers. They are also grown for the shade their large leaves provide.
Attention to Every Corner
No part of the garden was left untouched. The sides along the house, which were previously overgrown and neglected, have been cleared, revealing the now-defined path, decorated with Fountain Grass and paving. The front garden also received a contemporary update, with unsightly elements like electrical boxes now concealed by beautiful, modern coverings that match the new fences and gates, ensuring that the entire property is looking its best self.
This landscaping project is a testament to the power of thoughtful design. By stripping back the excess and focusing on clean lines, functional spaces, a few standout features like the pergola and outdoor lounge, the garden has been transformed from drab to dazzling.
Gin Wingfield Designs is a professional landscaping design service. We offer custom solutions for green spaces in and around your property.
www.ginwingfielddesigns.com
Photos credit: Kayla Premachandra
CULTURAL UNION: ROYAL RESIDENCE CELEBRATES HARMONY BETWEEN BRAZIL AND MIDDLE EAST
By: JR Andrade Arquitetura
In architecture, we believe that the focus should be on people, not just buildings. Therefore, designing a residence for a royal family requires not only an understanding of their lifestyle but also a deep immersion into the surrounding culture.
The Mansour Palace is a masterpiece that reflects this philosophy. More than just a residence, it is an expression of appreciation for unity, culture, and excellence, inviting everyone to explore the richness of its history and vision. During our visit
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I RESIDENTIAL LANDSCAPE
to the site, the unique atmosphere inspired us to incorporate remarkable details into the project, such as carefully positioned openings to provide privileged views of the mosque and the date palm plantation, a historical legacy from the prince’s grandfather. These elements have become central features of the design.
This palace is an exclusive fusion of Arab and Brazilian traditions, exemplifying the union of cultures. Every architectural detail celebrates this harmony, representing the cultural diversity and
timeless elegance that permeates the residence. Mansour Palace symbolizes the connection between Saudi Arabia and Brazil, offering a unique journey of luxury and cultural exclusivity that honors the rich heritage of both nations.
Project name: Mansour Palace
Office: JR Andrade Arquitetura
Website: https://www.jrandradearquitetura.com/
Office Location: São Paulo (SP), Brazil
Year of project completion: 2024
Project location: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Landscape Architecture
Gensler is a global design, and planning firm with 53 locations and 7,000+ professionals networked across the Americas, Europe, Greater China, Asia Pacific, and the Middle East. We are guided by our mission to create a better world through the power of design and believe the source of our strength is our people.
We are proud to sponsor the Landscape Middle East Sustainability Awards. Through our Cities and Landscape Architecture Team in the Middle East, we aim to be a leader in Climate Action Through Design.
In the first in a series of articles, columnist John Arthur Davies writes about the spirituality of gardens, based on a talk he gave in the Deanery of St. Christopher’s Cathedral in Manama, Bahrain.
GARDEN ON A JAPANESE THEME
By: John Arthur Davies
The motive for writing this series is our motto: To Please the Eye, Gladden the Heart and Nourish the Soul, inspired by passers-by commenting on a pavement garden I tended in Chelsea, London, in the 1970s. The motto is also the title of my video podcast series.
What is spiritual about gardens? I’m sure most people enjoy the spiritual nourishment that gardens afford, such as joy, peace, harmony, and all that is good and beautiful. In addition to these qualities, gardens provide portals to transcendental states
of being or consciousness; and when a friend suggested that I design and exhibit a garden at the 1983 RHS Chelsea Flower Show, it seemed appropriate to create one inspired by the principles embodied in the traditional Japanese or Zen style, since it is specifically associated with experiencing such states.
I imagined the setting for the garden to be the timeless land of Shangri–La described in James Hilton’s 1933 novel Lost Horizon, where the inhabitants are ageless and permanently happy.
James Hilton might also have had in mind the mythical realm of Shambhala featured in Indian and Tibetan folklore, a place of peace, tranquillity, and happiness. In the Himalayan Kingdom of Bhutan, happiness is government policy, expressed in four principles namely, economic development, preservation and promotion of culture and tradition, conservation of the environment and good governance.
Plan of the Japanese garden
The garden plan shows the main feature of the garden as a rockface (A) ascended by stone steps (B) leading to a teahouse (C) set against a backdrop of trees. A gravel path (D) with stepping stones leads to a timber bridge spanning a gorge (E) and
descends via a similar flight of stone steps on the opposite side of the plan. The water source (F) flows through the gorge as a waterfall feeding a lake with an island (G), and narrowing flows over a weir (H) into a lower lake (I); this in turn narrows and passing beneath a stone bridge (J) flows into a river (K) which flows into a basin (L) where a pump for recycling the water is located. Lilies and waterside plants (M) are present, likewise rocks (N), which had fallen from the rockface. A pebble beach (O) occupies part of the lower lake.
The two flights of stone steps (B) on opposite sides of the garden are linked by gravel paths (D) and stepping stones (P), the latter traversing the lake just before it passes over the weir. Lanterns (Q) occupy strategic positions along pathways and a pagoda (R) stands in a group of plants next to the river basin (L). Panels of Japanese bamboo fencing enclose the garden (S), which is viewed from a structure in traditional Japanese style (T).
Vegetation is located mostly on the periphery of the garden (U), the lakes symbolise the calm, peaceful, emptiness of the transcendent, unconditioned state (Tao) underlying the conditioned world. The waterfall and weir represent the activity on the surface of this state, giving rise to the world of phenomena represented by the garden.
The plants selected for the garden included, as a backdrop on the highest point, conifers and birches, under planted with rhododendrons and pieris. Pathways are edged with groundcover, such as heather and other subjects, providing foils for Japanese maples inter-planted with shrubs, including mahonia, camellia and bamboo, also reeds and lilies in the lakes, all native to Japan.
When presenting the conceptual design of the garden to the Royal Horticultural Society, I had no idea whether it would be accepted, fortunately, I felt confident that it would be, and it was.
During the conceptual design stage, I had sought funding to build the garden; and while the response was positive, it was on condition that the exhibit feature garden machinery, which was unacceptable, since it would have compromised the picture, I was attempting to create!
Anyway, I went ahead with the garden’s construction and managed to fund it myself. These days I understand funding is provided by a philanthropic organisation called Project Giving Back.
I GARDEN
Approval by the RHS of the design was followed by production of the working drawings, which included a setting out plan, a levels plan, plus details and sections, as well as for the viewing structure, teahouse and the wooden bridge over the gorge, also for the electrical/ mechanical works for recirculating the water.
The time allowed for constructing the garden was just over two weeks. I had intended using white limestone from the Isle of Purbeck, as it is easy to work. In the event though, I favoured blue pennant sandstone from the ancient Forest of Dean, imagining that some of the mystical quality of the forest might be transferred to the show garden.
The Chelsea Flower Show is held in the grounds of the Royal Hospital Chelsea (home of the Chelsea Pensioners), and the plot allocated by the Royal Horticultural Society for the show garden was on the rock garden bank, which as its name suggests, lent itself to the creation of the rockface in the garden.
Constructing the garden involved tasks overlapping one another, but generally the sequence of works was as follows:
a. Defining the boundaries of the site with a timber framework, (later finished with panels of bamboo fencing), followed by marking-out the water bodies using wooden pegs, followed in turn by excavating for said water bodies and depositing the arisings along the boundaries of the site according to a levels plan.
b. The next task required installing a butyl liner to contain the water. It had been specially moulded to suit the shape and profile of the water bodies, including the waterfall and weirs. This was followed by constructing the rock-face and trimming the lakes with rocks.
c. Completion involved finishing the boundary fence by installing bamboo fencing panels imported from Japan, putting in place the teahouse and bridge, placing a pagoda and lanterns also imported from Japan, planting the plants, and constructing the viewing structure from which to enjoy the living picture, as shown below.
The garden achieved its purpose - one lady sought me out to say it had been the first time
she had experienced such profound peace, and even Japanese exhibitors expressed their approval.
Other visitors said that they were captivated by its magnetic attraction. The Lady magazine described it as “a garden to draw the line from every furrowed brow, leaving you at peace and sinking into its beauty.”
Gold Medal Credit to all involved
As mentioned at the beginning, the first programme in the series, To please the Eye, gladden the Heart and nourish the Soul, can be accessed via the YouTube link: https://youtu.be/KAJts2gQSW8?si=PvyYSOEXnkT sB893
I was moved to begin this series, and indeed write this article, in response to the promptings of the spirit of Bahrain, and extreme tension in the world, trusting that by so doing viewers and readers might be prompted to seek acquaintance with a deeper state of being, and through frequent acquaintance with it heal themselves and release its serene, life-supporting vibrations into the atmosphere, thereby contributing to the peace and happiness of the world.
The garden from the viewing structure
AIRBUBBLE RESTORATIVE SPACE
A biotech garden for physical and mental healthcare
By: ecoLogicStudio
Marking a new development in their long-term research on urban wellbeing, ecoLogicStudio, a London- and Turinbased design innovation firm, completes the third iteration of their AirBubble design concept. The restorative space conceived for a Swiss consumer healthcare company establishes a new symbiosis between nature and humans.
The AirBubble restorative space is the world’s first biotechnological healthcare garden that combines airpurifying algae cultures with medicinal plants. The project pioneers a new spatial concept balancing work, mental and physical health, relaxation, and interaction among employees from diverse departments. Moreover, it offers a multi-sensory experience enhanced by the oxygen bubbling and the scents of fresh herbs and flowers.
Located in Nyon (Switzerland), in the green area surrounding the factory grounds, the project is part of a wider vision called AirCampus. It includes the new AirBubble restorative space; the AirOffice – a symbiotic indoor workspace combining advanced gardening and air filtration; and the recently launched AIReactor, the biotechnological desktop air-purifier. AirCampus is conceived as a pioneering architectural solution for health and wellbeing in the workplace, from indoor to outdoor spaces and from physical to mental health. As a biodesign innovation project, the AirBubble restorative space is a replicable and scalable architectural system that can be installed into any work environment globally.
The project brings to Nyon a new perspective on the relationship between workplace and landscape design by reinventing the model of the pre-industrial botanical garden and surpassing that of today’s healthcare industry.
Commenting on the space, Marco Poletto, co-founder of ecoLogicStudio said:
“We researched the origins of pharmaceutical manufacturing by studying the medicinal garden of Padua in Italy, where medicinal essences and plants were grown as part of a community park. We then translated this concept into the biodigital era, where substances can once again be cultivated in the public realm.”
The AirBubble restorative space integrates the PhotoSynthetica™ technology which has been developed by ecoLogicStudio since 2018 within the namesake academic consortium.
Starting in 2021, ecoLogicStudio began exploring how to integrate biotechnological systems into architecture, interiors, and landscape design. The aim is to engage
users in various phases of the air purification process, highlighting its benefits for human health, well-being in private and work spaces, and creating new green areas within factory production plants.
The AirBubble restorative space is composed of a 6 metres high cylindrical timber structure connected at 3 levels, wrapped in an ETFE membrane, sitting on the top of a landscaped mound. The middle section of the wooden structure hosts 36 large bioreactors in borosilicate glass which contain 350 litres of living green Chlorella algae cultures that can filter a flow of polluted air of 150 litres/ minute. While the liquid medium washes particles, the algae actively eat the polluting molecules as well as carbon dioxide to then release fresh clean oxygen. The filtering process is enhanced by the architectural morphology of the AirBubble restorative space: the inverted conical roof membrane further stimulates the air recirculation and natural ventilation.
The white bubbling sound of the algae gardening system masks the noise of the truck loading dock, creating a calming atmosphere ideal for relieving mind and body stress. Additionally, the harvested biomass can be incorporated into the canteen menu as algae drinks and vegetable protein bread or used as fertilizer for the wild meadow and the set of 47 medicinal plants concentrically arranged around the central seating area.
Visitors walk in onto a rubber surface composed of a mix of light and dark green as well as shades of brown particles leading to a broad two-level seating area. Two
sinuous Corten metal sheets, chosen by the architects for its weathering properties, create a central petal-like sculpture - where the roof membrane converges into a small rainwater garden. A second Corten element highlights the perimeter where 11 cork seats are fixed into the rubberized surface. The seats are made from cork-chips that have been moistened to release a natural resin, forming several dark brown cork blocks that were then CNC-cut into softer morphologies.
Designed for the lightest touch on the ground, the wooden structure is anchored with 26 ground screws. By avoiding the use of concrete posts or pier blocks, this structural solution does not disrupt the landscape and it is fully reversible. Furthermore, by implementing local plants that grow according to the season and by integrating rainwater collection, AirBubble restorative space does not use irrigation water thus preserving natural resources.
The AirBubble restorative space is encircled by a medicinal garden consisting of 47 planters. Closest to the main structure are four types of autumn and winter flowering plants: Alchemilla vulgaris, Iberis sempervirens, Camellia japonica and Helleborus. Moving away from the centre, 16 species that flower in spring and summer are distributed including common medicinal plants such as Salvia officinalis, Thymus vulgaris, Melissa officinalis, Mentha piperita, and plants with more specific properties such as Pulmonaria officinalis, traditionally used to treat disorders related to the respiratory system, or Nepeta cataria, with medicinal properties related to mental wellbeing and stress relief.
The project features a monitoring system that integrates urban air pollution sensors and measures the Air Quality Index for six core pollutants: fine particulate PM2.5 and PM10, ground level Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and Carbon Monoxide (CO). AirBubble is capable of absorbing 97% of the nitrogen and 75% of the particulate matter in the air.
The AirBubble restorative space is part of a wider project focused on raising awareness of the impact of air pollution on human health, previous chapters of this endeavour are the AirBubble playground in Warsaw, the AirBubble inflatable air-purifying eco-machine installed at COP26, COP27 and Saudi Design Festival and the AirLab presented in London.
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Located in the countryside of São Paulo, Valência House is a carefully designed summer retreat designed to bring the family together in the tranquility of the countryside. The central concept of the project is to promote a direct integration between the natural environment and the interior of the residence, achieved through spacious and permeable social spaces.
Architect Padovani Arquitetos designed a vacation home that reflects the need for spacious and welcoming areas to host friends and family. Emphasis was placed on the harmonious integration between indoor and outdoor spaces, creating an atmosphere of seamless and enjoyable socializing. Comprising seven suites, the house offers the comfort and privacy necessary for guests. Additionally, essential recreational areas were incorporated, such as a pool for relaxation, and a gym for physical activities. The project aims to blend functionality, aesthetics, and comfort, while fully meeting the client›s expectations and needs.
The concept behind the design of the vacation home was strongly influenced by the initial sketch, which served as a solid foundation for the conception. The implementation concept stems from respect for the topography and gently integrates by positioning the main block and the respective overlays of adjacent blocks, resulting in a light and distinctive volumetry. The premise was observed that the main block of the residence would be partially embedded in the terrain, taking
A family country retreat designed to incorporate the best of Brazilian architecture and landscape design
advantage of the natural slope of the topography and the different levels. This approach allowed a three-story residence to be conceived in a way that minimizes verticality, adapting to the existing terrain. Thus, the volumetry resulted in slender lines drawn by the metal structure of the upper eaves, emphasizing horizontal lines in the overall design, which balances the scale of a house where the large footage and the verticality of three stories challenge the precision needed to create the correct proportion in each space.
LANDSCAPE
Among the key elements that influenced the choice of the architectural concept were the framing of breathtaking panoramic views, the utilization of the terrain’s slope as an integral part of the design, and the strategic overlay of blocks to create a visually compelling composition. Emphasizing integration with the natural surroundings and maximizing views was a key consideration, ensuring that the residence harmonized with the surrounding environment while offering comfortable and functional living spaces. Sketches and evolutionary design studies were crucial for refining and developing these concepts throughout the design process.
The site where the project was implemented lacks significant buildings in its immediate surroundings. This characteristic provides a sense of privacy, with large open spaces between constructions. The design of the residence, therefore, did not have to conform to existing vernacular modes of architecture in the surroundings. Instead, it was chosen to follow an approach that reflects Brazilian architectural identity, especially concerning the choice of materials.
A deliberate choice was made to utilize Brazilian vernacular materials such as wood and stone in the construction of the residence.
These materials not only harmoniously integrate into the natural and cultural context of the country, but also offer practical benefits such as durability, resistance, and a sophisticated and welcoming aesthetic. By adopting this approach, the project seeks to establish a genuine connection with the landscape and the Brazilian architectural heritage, while providing a contemporary and comfortable expression for its occupants.
Therefore, while the design was not directly influenced by the predominant vernacular styles in the region, the conscious choice of materials and construction elements that reflect the Brazilian cultural identity demonstrates a commitment to contextualization and architectural authenticity.
Technical sheet
Architecture: Padovani
Interiors: Suite Arquitetos
Landscaping: Maria João d’Orey
Size: 1.500 m²
Local: Porto Feliz
Photography: Fran Parente | Ricardo Bassetti
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I Book review
Books of interest
oUDoLf HUMMeLo
ISBN-9781580934183
PRISE-215.00Dhs.
BOOK DESCRIPTION:
“Piet Oudolf is best known for his now-iconic designs for the High Line in New York City and Millennium Park in Chicago. Hummelo, his own garden in The Netherlands, is visited by thousands of gardeners each year. It serves as his personal design and plant propagation laboratory, and is where he has honed his aesthetic and created new varieties of plants for over three decades. This title charts how the garden of one of the world’s best-known and most-loved plantsmen has evolved, and gives frank assessments of his experiments that have gone both well and awry. Hummelo, timed to coincide with Oudolf’s 70th birthday and his acceptance of Holland’s most prestigious cultural award, provides his throngs of followers with a chronology of how his naturalistic style and career has developed. Lush photography documents how the garden has changed and inspired him over the years, and text by prolific garden writer Noel Kingsbury will ensure a lively read for all home garden enthusiast”
rooteD in sesiGn
ISBN-9781607746973
PRISE-107.00Dhs.
BOOK DESCRIPTION:
A stylish and full-color guide to creatively integrating indoor plants with home decor from the owners of the popular Sprout Home garden design boutiques.
Indoor plants play a large role in the design and feel of a space. Focusing on indoor gardening--from small containers and vertical installations with air plants to unique tabletop creations--Rooted in Design provides readers with the means to create beautiful and long-lasting indoor landscapes. Tara Heibel and Tassy De Give, owners of the successful Sprout Home gardening stores, offer expert advice for choosing plant varieties and pairing them with unique design ideas. Sharing practical tips honed through hundreds of plant design classes, Heibel and DeGive tell readers everything they need to know to care for their one-of-a-kind green creations
UrBan environMentaL LanDscape
ISBN: 9781864706307
Author: Dieter Grau
Hardcover: 256 pages
Publication Date: (10 Jun. 2015)
Book Descriptions:
The book provides the latest trends in urban environmental landscaping, with informative chapters on basic principles, dimensions, reference standards and considerations across a range of themes, such as public parks, public plazas, waterfront public open spaces, and urban street environments It Showcases a broad range of informative high-quality projects spanning the United States, Mexico, Australia, China, and Europe and provides comprehensive reference material for architects, urban planners, preservationists ,and landscape designers, and all who are directly involved in town planning in the urban environment. For each part, we selected the most striking cases with the newest design standards to showcase spectacular landscape design
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