THE SMELL
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Hochschule Anhalt Anhalt University of Applied Sciences Department of Design MAID Master of Arts in Integrated Design Studio Class Winter 2016/17 Prof. Uwe Gellert and Prof. Carmen Luippold 2
Daniela ChavarrĂa Fernanda Enrigue Laura Castiblanco Laura Navarro
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CONTENT
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Beginning: Intro, research, synthesis problem
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Middle: Ideate, iterate, select
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End: Refine, present, implement
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Beginning
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Intro Research Synthesis Problem
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INTRODUCTION
Air can give us plentiful data which we can analyze with our sense of smell. Unfortunately, we underestimate it and don’t make the most out of it. But even if we wanted to, we don’t know how to precisely define or refer to certain smells. Additionally, there are cultural disparities in naming odors, and there are also people that have some level of impairment in their sense of smell - this deficiency is called anosmia. Our project’s purpose is to address this issue by standardizing the interactions regarding smells no matter if you have perfect abilities or not. We established accurate and recognizable terms to easily associate with the correct odor. We designed a communication system that has 10 basic smell categories. It’s a simple arrangement that uses colors, alphanumeric codes and a vertical 5-position column to describe the odors from each category. Our system could be used in several applications such as a) Communication and learning environments, b) Digital apps for sharing and storing memorable aromas, c) Packaging for food, perfumes and cleaning and chemical products, d) Labeling for public and private spaces and even more.
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RESEARCH - STATE OF ART NEOSE: SMELL RECORDER OLFACTORY & GUSTATORY SENSORS: based on the combination of Nano, Biotech, IT and Cognitive Sciences, Aryballe develops Innovative technologies, databases, software and devices applied to the identification, measurement and representation of smells and tastes.
http://aryballe-technologies.com/
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RESEARCH - STATE OF ART VAPSHOT: Forget drinking, Vapshot lets you literally inhale your booze. http://www.digitaltrends.com/home/forget-drinking-vapshot-lets-literally-inhale-booze/
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SMELLY MAPS: SmellyMaps is a project that aims to capture entire urban smellscapes. http://goodcitylife.org/smellymaps/project.html
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RESEARCH - STATE OF ART SMELLY MAPS:
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THE REVOLUTIONARY SMELL MEMORY KIT: The SMELL MEMORY KIT (SMK) is an innovative tool to capture the most important moments of your life as smell evokes memory in a way that no other sense can. http://smellmemorykit.supersense.com/
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RESEARCH - STATE OF ART THE REVOLUTIONARY SMELL MEMORY KIT:
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RESEARCH - INTERVIEWS INTERVIEWS We made interviews to notice and detect different aspect about the awareness and special abilities related to smell that we have in our daily. The questions were about the following points: actual health conditions capability to detect odours smell sensibility how would they like to use smell (special function) memories related to smells traumatic experiences or memories related with smells.
FACTS: We perceived that most people relate smell with memories and emotion, it´s even a trigger to create a mood. The half of the people interviewed likes gasoline smell. Most people relate the smell of coffee as pleasant, like a lift to start their rutine. Most people try to hide their own human smell, they hide it with perfumes and lotions. Few people presented sensibility to chemical odors. People with degenerative deceases seem to lose their olfactive sensibility thanks to the medicine. 2% of the people interviewed relate smells to colours. 40% prefer citric and floral odors. 25% relate the smell of fresh baked bread to a special emotion 15% hate the smell of dirty people, orina, hexes or sweat. 60% think only they like the smell of gasoline.
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RESEARCH - INTERVIEWS INTERVIEWS
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PERSONAS Based on interviews in which we wanted to identify the connection and awareness of people with their olfactory system, in different daily and personal aspects such as memories, favourite smells, smell disabilities, favourite smells, most hated smells, smell habits.
Carlos Benito Chavez Age: 26 Nationality: mexican Actual residential spot: Shangai Unusual reaction related with olfactory system- cold, rhinitis Favorite Smell: citric, chocolate, tacos Most hated smell: sweat, human bad doors Traumatic experience with smell: chines sewers, smell like poop for him. Carlos, would like to use smell to know personalities from different people only by smell, he likes to use perfume and lotions he loves smelling nice.
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RESEARCH - PERSONAS PERSONAS
Regina Rebora Age: 21 Nationality: mexican Actual residential spot: Paris Unusual reaction related with olfactory system- Asthma Favorite Smell: fresh baked bread Most hated smell: banana, papaya, glue Traumatic experience with smell: poop in public spaces Regina’s most special experience with smell is her childhood going to buy fresh baked bread with her sisters, she can smell some plants than oder people can’t, she would like to use smell to identify things only by its smell.
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PERSONAS
Silvia Venegas Age: 59 Nationality: mexican Actual residential spot: Guadalajara Mexico Unusual reaction related with olfactory system- cancer, after chemotherapy she couldn’t smell the same as before the illness. Favorite Smell: coffee,cigarettes, fried pork meat Most hated smellweed, dirty human body Traumatic experience with smell: hospital smell, alcohol reminds her when she was sick. Silvia most special experience with smell is also her childhood, smelling the fresh baked bread from home. She would like to use mell to identify peopl’s feelings, and to change her own emotions.
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RESEARCH - PERSONAS PERSONAS
Eduardo Enrigue Loera Age: 62 Nationality: mexican Actual residential spot: Guadalajara Mexico Unusual reaction related with olfactory system- none Favorite Smell: perfume, lavander Most hated smell: sweat Traumatic experience with smell: hospital smell Smell you like and other people don’t: gasoline Eduardo most special experience with smell is the smell of bread because it reminds him of his mother in his childhood. He would like to use smell to smell every time the nature, everywhere.
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PERSONAS
Andrea Cuellar Tovar Age: 23 Nationality: Colombian Actual residential spot: Dessau Germany Unusual reaction related with olfactory system- none Favorite Smell: floral perfume Most hated smell: colombian soup Traumatic experience with smell: when you adopt the smell of certain city you live in Smell you like and other people don’t: smell of lack of hygiene Andrea would like to use smell as an awareness method to prevent risk, her most memorable experience with smell is to remember someone or someplace by it smell. She loves using perfumes and body lotions with scents, makes her feel confident.
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RESEARCH - PERSONAS PERSONAS
Clara Cristina Age: 26 Nationality: Brazilian Actual residential spot: Dessau Germany Unusual reaction related with olfactory system: she can´t smell, she suffers of a certain level of anosmia Favorite Smell: food, chocolate Traumatic experience with smell: realised she had drank a hole rotten coconut without noticing it, she didn’t noticed the rotten smell and flavour Clara, has to ask for a second opinion always when she has to eat something that has been refrigerated for more than a day, she sometimes can smell dangerous substances.
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PERSONAS
Deniz Baghery Age: 25 Nationality: Iranian Actual residential spot: Dessau Germany Unusual reaction related with olfactory system- extremely sensitive to smells, stuffy nose you can’t smell Favorite Smell: woody perfumes Most hated smell: dirty bathrooms, dirty people. Traumatic experience with smell: smell of hospital and clinics, smell of blood. Deniz would like to show how smell make her feel with tangible thing, like writing or colours. Her memorable experience related with odour is the smell of turkish food reminds her familiar reunions. She likes using lotions and perfumes, it makes her feel nice, relaxes her. She likes to use smell as meditation and create an atmosphere.
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RESEARCH - PERSONAS PERSONAS
Jessica Navarro Age: 32 Nationality: Mexican Actual residential spot: Mexico City Unusual reaction related with olfactory system: hiper sensibility to smells Favorite Smell: rain, wet earth, toasted chilli, gasoline Most hated smell: orina, heces, cigarette Traumatic experience with smell: once a smelly homeless hugged her Smell you like and other people don’t: gasoline Jessica being an hiper sensitive person with odours suffers sometimes of headaches or ever dizziness so she must sometimes avoid certain situations which make her feel sick. She would like to use odours to remind pleasant memories. Her most special experience with odour is reminding the smell of her grandma’s kitchen while she cooked.
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PERSONAS
Mazin Ali Age: 27 Nationality: Indian Actual residential spot: Dessau Germany Unusual reaction related with olfactory system- perceives ingredients in food Favorite Smell: wet earth, chilli, spices Most hated smell: dirty people, organic waste Traumatic experience with smell: extremely dirty restrooms Smell you like and other people don’t: gasoline Mazin´s most special experience with smell is reminding his hometown by the smell of rain. He would like to use smell to change moods, to communicate emotions, would like to keep smells and make them last for a long time.
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RESEARCH - SMELL LAB ROLE OF THE OLFACTORY SYSTEM IN SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY AND MEMORY FORMATION - Understand the relation between smell and memory.
- Smell-nose-olfactory receptors- brain.
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ROLE OF THE OLFACTORY SYSTEM IN SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY AND MEMORY FORMATION - We have receptors in the brain that happen at an unconscious level.
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RESEARCH - SMELL LAB ROLE OF THE OLFACTORY SYSTEM IN SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY AND MEMORY FORMATION - Chemically our olfactory receptors can be blocked so our body doesn’t recognize it. The Nobel Prize Dr. Richard Axel and Linda Buck discovered that specific nasal receptor and nerve connections make the sense of smell. - Airborne molecules of chemicals trigger receptor cells. - Signals from receptors cells are collected in nerve bundles. - Signals are relayed to specific brain areas of interest. - Specific brain regions can recognize about 10, 000 different odors, which are various combinations of chemical signals from receptors. - There are about 250 different receptors types; each triggered by a different scent molecule. - The combination of these signals “ODORS” makes the sense of smell work.
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RESEARCH - SMELL LAB NEUROANATOMY OF THE OLFACTORY SYSTEM - One of the most striking features of the olfactory system in humans is the unique ability of odors to vividly trigger the evocation of emotional (autobiographical) experiences. - This property appears to due to the connections established by the olfactory bulb on two structures crucially implicated in emotion and memory, namely the amygdala and hippocampus .
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RESEARCH - BRAINSTORMING
Brainstorming of possible applications of smell in different fields
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RESEARCH - KEY FACTS
Topic: The Language of Olfaction Data type: Research / Test Source: http://fieldmanuals.mpi. nl/volumes/2007/language-of-olfaction/
Topic: Olfatory system in humansData type: Research / Phenomenon Source: http://phenomena.nationalgeographic.com/2013/12/11/ the-smell-of-evolution/
- This task is designed to elicit smell vocabulary from speakers using a standardised kit. - The goal is to investigate how languages encode olfactory experiences - Is there dedicated vocabulary for encoding olfaction? - how much consistency is there within a community for describing smell experiences? -So far scientists have identified 390 different genes in the human genome that encode olfactory receptors. - The human genome contains another 468 olfactory receptor genes that neurons cannot use to make a receptor. They’re known as pseudogenes (“false” genes). -We share a lot of these genes in common with chimpanzees–both working and broken. Scientists can track this kinship back further in time by looking at more distant relatives–other mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and even fish.
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Topic: Sick building syndrom Data type: Research Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Sick_building_syndrome
- Heating, ventilation, air conditioning and strong smells have a negative impact on people. Such like headaches, fatigue, and irritability.
Topic: Toilet’s bad smell Data type: Research Source: https://www.linkedin. com/pulse/smells-success-billgates
- Firmenich company analyze odors and breaks them down to their chemical components - They started their work with the foundation’s sanitation team by asking a basic question: why do toilets smell so bad? - They made a “poop perfume” and then began experimenting with a different smell that masks the awful one. - Developed fragrances that block certain receptors in our noses, making us unable to register certain malodors. The approach is similar to noise-canceling headphones. - The ultimate goal is to make the product affordable and easy-to-use.
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RESEARCH - KEY FACTS
Topic: Biological odor eliminator Data type: Product Source: http://www.bardmedical. com/patients/home-care/skinwound-care/medi-aire-biological-odor-eliminator/
MEDI-AIRE BIOLOGICAL ODOR ELIMINATOR. A concentrated unique formula which chemically eliminates odors associated with urine, feces, emesis and necrotic tissue. Available in three scents Fresh Air (A), Lemon (L) and Unscented (U).
Topic: No-scent policy Data type: Research Source: http://radiology.queensu. ca/education/radiology/handbook/ scent
- Staff, visitors, gifts, flowers and purchased products for the hospital should be scent free or they will be banned - Provide a healthy and safe environment for staff, students, patients, and visitors alike. - Due to significant negative health effects in scent-sensitive individuals with life long illnesses when exposed to fragranced products.
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Topic: Scent-sensibility in the workplace Data type: Research Source: http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/careers/career-advice/ scents-and-sensibility-the-fragrant-workplace/article4314396/?page=all
- Chemicals in the fragrances can trigger reactions ranging from headaches to heart palpitations in people who are sensitive to them, making it difficult for them to work effectively - Environmental sensitivity is listed as a disability - Scent sensitivity is like an allergy. Over time, people exposed to the chemicals in fragrances become increasingly sensitized to them to the point that they can no longer tolerate any more exposure. This can trigger breathing problems, headaches, sneezing, nausea, disorientation and, in extreme cases, they can go into shock similar to the reaction those with a peanut allergy might have - List of products contain scents that can trigger reactions in people sensitive to chemicals - Health problems that scents can trigger
Topic: Fragrance wheel Data type: Product / App Source: http://www.fragrancesoftheworld.com/
- There are fragrance families that are captured in the wheel. We might like 2-3 for ourselves - There’s an app that matches the fragrances you like with existing perfumes. We can also filter by ingredients or notes in the pyramid - It has a very interesting Q&A about prefumes and the olfactory system
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RESEARCH - KEY FACTS
Topic: Smell Looks - Robot application Data type: Research Source: http://www.notey.com/@ scientificamerican_unofficial/ external/9956539/what-a-smelllooks-like.html?q=urban%20olfactory
- An odor cloud is very three-dimensional - Inhalation creates large, blank pockets of space inside an odor cloud. These voids are known as intermittency - Filaments of odor will tend to arrange themselves - Scents are chemical beacons that convey interesting things about the environment
Topic: Limbic System and the chemical reaction of odors in our bodies Data type: Research Source: http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/coursebook/neuro3(2).pdf
- Many of the limbic structures developed in relation to the olfactory system in primitivevertebrates; hence the term rhinencephalon (literally, “nose brain�) is often used to denote the same areas. - Olfactory Cortex receives sensory information from the olfactory bulb and is involved in the identification of odors. - Nasal mucosal absorption of medications and chemical substances, directly into the blood stream.
Topic: Reaction to smells Data type: Experience Source: http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/coursebook/neuro3(2).pdf
-Rhinitis predispose people to react badly to some strong smells such like detergents. - Rhinitis make people sensitive to strong smells so, for example, they stop using perfumes
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Topic: Reaction to smells Data type: Research Source: http://www.health. harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/allergic-rhinitis-your-nose-knows
- The receptors in our nose switched off once they identify there is no danger in a particular smell - Quickly after just about two breaths the intensity of the smell starts to fade
Topic: Reaction to smells Data type: Research Source: http://nymag.com/scienceofus/2014/08/why-cant-yousmell-your-own-home.html
- In some people, exercise, eating, and exposure to cold or dry air, air pollutants, or strong smells can trigger rhinitis. - Allergic rhinitis can blunt the sense of smell, and it can also interfere with the other important functions of the nose.
Topic: Food and smell Data type: Experience Source: Interview
- Frozen food loses some of their properties, the smell in this case
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RESEARCH - KEY FACTS
Topic: Neuromarketing Data type: Research Source: http://www.newneuromarketing.com/the-definitive-guide-to-scent-marketing
- Neuromarketing uses the smell to help build the brand identity - enjoyable scents attract more people into a store, make them spend more time in it
Topic: Smell and the brain Data type: Research / Statistic Source: http://www.brainfacts. org/sensing-thinking-behaving/senses-and-perception/ articles/2015/making-sense-ofscents-smell-and-the-brain/
- People have about 450 different types of olfactory receptors - Once an odor molecule binds to a receptor, it initiates an electrical signal that travels from the sensory neurons to the olfactory bulb - The olfactory system is critical when we’re appreciating the foods and beverages we consume - the thalamus sends smell information to the hippocampus and amygdala, key brain regions involved in learning and memory - the thalamus sends smell information to the hippocampus and amygdala, key brain regions involved in learning and memory - new research suggests that your nose can outperform your eyes and ears
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Topic: Olfatory/ experiences / nursing Data type: Research Source: The aesthetics of smells: the sense of smell and nursing. By Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem
Topic: Smoking smell Data type: Research/ experience Source: http://www.no-smoke. org/learnmore.php?id=671
-A recent scientific research shows that a deeper aesthetic/philosophical and technical/scientific comprehension of smell emanations will contribute to human care, especially in Nursing diagnoses and prescriptions, environmental quality regulation and therapeutics. - The technology available for the exclusion of environmental smells from hospitals contributes to new smells of septic products. However, these smells may follow the human being with the singularity of their smell. Some situations are unpleasant for one’s sense of smell, causing general discomfort.
- To kill this smell you can use “air purifiers and ozono machine�. -Vinegar (acid) cut this smell. -Baking soda for a day. -Fresh air is the best way to put it away. -Febreze works. -Charcoa has the same effect as baking soda. -Smoke smell contain: Carcinogens and heavy metals. Arsenic, lead y cynide. -The nicotine is absorve by the fabric, and damage the area all the time. -Kids get damage when they are in a place with smokers.
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Language Key facts
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RESEARCH - KEY FACTS
Topic: Language definition Data type: Theory Source: http://www.bartleby. com/186/1.html
- Language is a purely human and noninstinctive method of communicating ideas, emotions, and desires by means of a system of voluntarily produced symbols. - Interjections are among the least important of speech elements. - The onomatopoetic theory of the origin of speech, the theory that would explain all speech as a gradual evolution from sounds of an imitative character
Topic: English Speakers Stink at Identifying Smells Data type: Experimental Source: http://www.slate.com/ articles/health_and_science/ new_scientist/2015/04/english_ speakers_cannot_identify_many_ smells_anthropology_of_olfaction.html
- Aslian languages, Southeast Asia are particularly good at expressing olfactory experiences. They live a hunter-gatherer lifestyle. They have about 12 that describe specific smell characteristics - We gave Jahai speakers and English speakers the same smell and asked them to describe it. Jahai speakers were quick and consistent. With English speakers, nearly everybody gave a different and lengthy description for the same smell - People in the West seem to do everything they can to get rid of smells, and in many contexts odor is a taboo topic
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RESEARCH - KEY FACTS
Topic: Can you name that smell? Data type: Experimental Source: http://www.sciencemag. org/news/2014/01/can-you-namesmell
- The ability to describe odors depends on the importance they have in the daily life of people - It is a good description when less words are needed and when people don’t use the source to describe it. Example: lemon - lemony
Topic: Olfaction and environment Data type: Experimental Source: http://journals.plos. org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/ journal.pone.0069203#pone0069203-g002
The olfactory abilities may be different among different cultures because of: - The impact of pollution which impairs the olfactory abilities of people from industrialized countries - Better training of olfaction because of the higher importance of smell in traditional populations - Environmental pressures shaping olfactory abilities in these populations.
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Topic: Theories of language and perception Data type: Theory Source: https://thepsychologist. bps.org.uk/volume-29/july/knowing-nose
- by focusing on the dominant sense of vision, our picture of language and perception might be skewed - Evidence for the strong link between language and vision has also been demonstrated using eye tracking and what is known as the ‘visual-world paradigm’ - In Western societies people seldom talk about odours. But when they do, they are often incorrect in their descriptions. People can correctly name an odour (in terms of the source object of the odour) only around 50 per cent of the time (e.g. Cain, 1979), even common everyday odours like coffee and peanut butter. - Naming odours becomes much easier when a list of label alternatives is given - we find it difficult to retrieve words when given an odour, but words are reliable cues for odour information - In English, and other languages spoken in the West, there are very few words that exist to talk only about odours. Many people instead resort to talking about the odour source - it has been suggested that odours may be processed holistically rather than by individual components
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RESEARCH - KEY FACTS
Topic: Theories of language and perception Data type: Theory Source: https://thepsychologist. bps.org.uk/volume-29/july/knowing-nose
Topic: Language structure Data type: Research Source: https://www.uio.no/studier/emner/hf/ikos/EXFAC03-AAS/ h05/larestoff/linguistics/Chapter%201.(H05).pdf
- Since olfactory information is received at a coarse grain, it is more likely that broad categories are activated for naming (e.g. fruit) rather than a specific odour quality or source term (e.g. lemon). - In the West, smell is neglected. We rarely talk about odours and go to great lengths to try to eliminate odours from our environment - Most or all non-human species can exchange information, but none of them are known to have a system of communication with a complexity that in any way is comparable to language. Primarily, they communicate with non-linguistic means resembling our smiling, laughing, yelling, clenching of fists, and raising of eyebrows. - Language is an exclusively human property. Among the characteristics that make a relatively clear distinction between linguistic and nonlinguistic communication meaningful, two are particularly important: double articulation and syntax. - DOUBLE ARTICULATION consist of tens of thousands of signs, which are combinations of form and meaning. Ej. words in a sentence. Languages have tens of thousands of signs, and the term double articulation refers to 46
Topic: Language structure Data type: Research Source: https://www.uio.no/studier/emner/hf/ikos/EXFAC03-AAS/ h05/larestoff/linguistics/Chapter%201.(H05).pdf
the fact that the formal sides of these sign are built from a relatively small repertoire – usually between 10 and 100 – of meaningless sounds. - SYNTAX The ingenious invention that enabled human beings to talk about everything they can imagine, is syntax. Syntax is used to put together signs expressing relatively simple meanings into sign combinations expressing more complex meanings. Syntax is a mechanism that enables human beings to utter or understand an infinite number of sentences constructed from a finite number of building blocks. Without syntax, we would not be able to express other meanings than those associated with isolated signs, and the number of different meanings we would be able to express would be equal to the number of signs in the “language”.
Topic: Esperanto Data type: Research Source: http://esperanto.org/us/ USEJ/world/index.html#kio
- Esperanto was created in 1887 by Dr. L. L. Zamenhof to be a second language that would allow people who speak different native languages to communicate - Esperanto has 16 regular and exception-free rules of grammar and a regular phonetic spelling. Unlike many other languages, you can depend on the rules to be constantly applied, instead of sporadically Because of these factors, it is more quickly and easily learned than any other languages. 47
RESEARCH - KEY FACTS
Topic: Braille Data type: Research Source: http://www.afb.org/info/ living-with-vision-loss/braille/ what-is-braille/123
- Braille is a system of raised dots that can be read with the fingers by people who are blind or who have low vision. - Teachers, parents, and others who are not visually impaired ordinarily read braille with their eyes. - Braille is used by thousands of people all over the world in their native languages. - How the alphabet looks like: http://braillebug.afb. org/braille_print.asp
Topic: Living with Colour Vision Deficiency Data type: Research Source: http://www.colourblindawareness.org/colour-blindness/living-with-colour-vision-deficiency/
- Even the UK Government does not currently support colour blind children in schools because in its opinion colour blindness is not a Special Educational Need - Teachers are not given any training on the issue of colour blindness or upon how to treat colour blind children in a school environment.
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Topic: The Language of smell Data type: Research Source: https://books.google. com.mx/books?id=77ICDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA40&lpg=PA40&dq=smell+language&source=bl&ots=1x_mpg36qE&sig=3fD08z1Rj97wtc6mp0GULXJWPqA&hl=es&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjom92vidPQAhWEkywKHbjdAkwQ6AEIWzAI#v=onepage&q=smell%20 language&f=false
-Smells are not explicit learned. Because we categorized them in good/bad smell. -Because of this there is not an agreement about how smells are named. -Smell is a process, a reaction, a verb. A phenomenom, a experience an odor moleculel, an aroma compound. -Smell is associated with the source. That is why the name-thing is a problem.
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PROBLEM DEFINITION
Concept Smell has been neglected from our lifestyle. We are constantly trying to eliminate or mask smells, even in our bodies. Eventually, we stopped talking about smells and therefore we don’t have or don’t use descriptive words, only general terms based on the source of the smell. However, studies have shown that works with strong olfactory associations could provide an “olfactory template” to which an odor can be matched. Which implies that having a language or coding for smells could help the identification or naming smells. Our focus How might we standardize a communication system for our sense of smell?
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TESTING
After defining our concept, we decided to test it by doing some experiments. We brainstormed for some ideas, such as: A. Create adjectives B. Tag your smells in the day, colored tags C. Blind day D. How would you represent a smell with a drawing E. Recreate a smell - Combine scents to create a new one F. Smell hints/puzzle - Name the food by identifying the components G. Describe an experience based on scents/odors H. Smell analogies I. Draw what you see through this smell* J. What smell comes to your mind when you see this picture? K. Tell a story through smells, or symbols that represent smells So we decided to combine some of this ideas and consequently develop 3 of them:
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TESTING WORKSHOP LIFE DRAWING - SNACK CHATS Brainstorming: How would you represent a smell with a drawing. Create adjectives/ Smell analogies. It´s forbidden to draw a situation. However it is possible to draw the source. We will show them one smell of each category. Objective: Make participants abstract an odor from the source of the smell to a graphical concept, hopefully based on a memory. Dynamic description: A. First we explained the participants the reason why we were doing this experiment, and we asked them to draw whatever came to their minds when smelling the scent, but we asked them not to draw a situation or story (Anna understood it the other way around) B. We gave them the instruction not to inhale very deeply, because some odors were very strong C. We prepared several odors for this experiment, but we used just 5 in the following order: Stones, soil, leaves Citrus liquid (sprayed on a paper towel) Crayons Cloves Nail polish remover D. We called them one by one to smell the odors, and we asked them to close their eyes while doing so. We gave them 2 minutes after the last one smelled the odor to draw E. When we were done with the 5 odors, we showed them our Smell category wheel, and asked them to categorize each smell F. After that, we showed them the odors and then we asked them to share their drawings amongst them. Most of them seem excited because they guessed most of the odors
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WORKSHOP LIFE DRAWING - SNACK CHATS
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TESTING
Summary of the smell drawings, categorized by Country of origin from the participants:
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SMELL PICTIONARY MIDTERM ACTIVITY Brainstorming: It is a group game. We could give them a smell and they have to draw to make the others guess the word. Objective: Transfer a personal perception of an odor to a group of people in an intelligible graphical concept. Dynamic description: A. We will prepare 4 odors for this experiment B. We will split the class in 4 groups and each of us will facilitate each group. C. We will ask for a volunteer to draw (in a paper on the wall), and that person needs to draw the smell provided. D. Each group will have 1 min to guess the drawing E. The winner group will be the one that 1) guess the word (source of the smell); 2) has that word correct from what the smell really is Odor options: Thyme (tomillo) Clove (clavo) Parsley (perejil) Balsamic vinegar (vinagre balsรกmico) Sunflower oil (aceite de girasol) Results: The participants guessed the smells in the following way:
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TESTING
One group guessed right
One group didn’t guess
Two groups guessed the picture correctly but the smell wasn’t correctly guessed by the person drawing
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FACEBOOK SURVEY Brainstorming: We would like to ask them to describe a smell based on an image of the source of the odor. Objective: Encourage the participants to reflect about their sense of smell. We will focus on the adjectives people use. Dynamic description: A. We selected images that accurately described each smell category B. We created a google survey, in spanish and english, and then shared it through our personal facebook accounts C. We collected the answers in an excel document and summarized them in the top 3 responses per each image Survey link: http://bit.ly/2l951VT
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FACEBOOK SURVEY
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TESTING FACEBOOK SURVEY
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FACEBOOK SURVEY Results: Top 3 words used to:
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TESTING FACEBOOK SURVEY Results: Top 3 words used to:
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FACEBOOK SURVEY Results: Top 3 words used to:
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Ideate Iterate Select
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IDEATE
Guidelines
The context should be specified
Universal recognition Nationalities and cultures. Professionals and nonprofessionals.
Proposals should be based in the 10 basic smells category wheel
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The proposal should be scalable
PROPOSAL #1 BRAILLE LANGUAGE:
We may organize the smell categories into 10 linear categories and two more consecuent subcategories. Only the numbers of the Braille Language are going to be used in order to represent the already mentioned categories.
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IDEATE SOME EXAMPLES: ACETIC ACID
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This system doesn’t have a limit so it will continue working after more categories are discovered or implemented. This is one example with a system with 18 categories.
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PROPOSAL #2 SMELL DATA
We might translate the smell data in a easy code that people can understand and share.
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IDEATE SOME EXAMPLES:
freeTree :: Tree Char freeTree = Node ‚S‚ (Node ‚F’ (Node ‚F’ Empty Empty) (Node ‚P’ Empty Empty) ) (Node ‚F’ (Node ‚N’ Empty Empty) ) (Node ‚C’ (Node ‚L’ Empty Empty) (Node ‚L’ Empty Empty) (Node ‚O’ Empty Empty) ) (Node ‚W’ (Node ‚P’ Empty Empty) (Node ‚F’ Empty Empty) )
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PROPOSAL #3 COLOR PALETTE:
We may help people to quickly recognize the category of the smell through a color palette.
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IDEATE SOME EXAMPLES:
Example of Chemical, sulfur dioxide 72
Example of Citrus, Lemon + Sweet, Caramel 73
IDEATE PROPOSAL #4 DECAGON - BASED IDEA
How the categories are going to be numbered
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COMBINATIONS
The number, the position, the color and the intensity of it would compound the code.
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IDEATE SYSTEM
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EXAMPLES
This is how a compund smell would look like. 77
IDEATE PROPOSAL #5 DODECAHEDRON-BASED IDEA
A > La G > Sol F > Fa E > Mi Dodecahedron
Decagon
SHAPE FACES
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Decagon
NUMBERED FACES
NUMBERED FACES
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IDEATE NUMBERED FACES
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ELEMENTS OF THE PROPOSAL
Top/bottom view of a Dodecahedron is a Decagon
Musical notes
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IDEATE SMELL CATEGORIES
1 = Fruity 2= Chemical 3 = Citrus 4 = Sweet 5 = Woody 6 = Fragrant 7 = Mint 8 = Toasted 9 = Pungent 10 = Decayed
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COMBINATIONS
CHEMICAL +MINT
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IDEATE PROPOSAL #6 STROKES AND COLOR
This proposal pretends to relate different colors and strokes with different smells. The more common and would have a simple form and the more complex or rare they get the more complicate the shape is going to get as well. The colors go from light to dark and in different palettes depending on the psychology of the color.
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SOME MORE EXAMPLES:
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IDEATE PROPOSAL #7 SMELL APP Capturing the smell
Identifying the smell
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We may develop an app to help people to recongnize the smells. The app is going to show the classification of the smell which is based in a dot system. It is also going to indicate if the smell is safe or dangerous. Two more options are going to be available: “save the smell” and “smell like”, which provides some similar smells so people can make associations. Showing the classification
Showing similar smells
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ITERATE
m
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n pin a, me eap lon , Ap le ap ple ric , p ot ea , c ch str b he , aw lac rry b kc bl erry urr ac , r an kb as t, er pb ry er ry
R ng, ig, pru stra ne, wb err Ba y ja na
rais i
l fr uit
er
d fr uit
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y Wo od
Fres h
Ori ent
be rr y
Alcohol Pepper
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ng
ica
id Fe /R rm ot te en n t ed wa ste
rio
ef
nc
gi
fyi
Oth
re
Ra
Ca r
Fu n
Flor a
l
Pu t
Tro p
e
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ilk
l
drie
in
m
ra
t ea
fe c
ur
ur
tu
re Ca sc da in ve rin e e
gm
so
na
Herbal
n tti
Pu t
tre
ro
Wa ter
SMEEL WHEEL TWO LEVELS
Fragrant Fruity all non-citrus fruits
Decayed Hot/ spicy
on
m Le
ge
an
Smoke
Or
d an
Pungent
Menthol Aloe
M
Citrus
Flo
d aste
Toasted
Ro
phenoli
c
Woody
swe
al
et
re Ce
almonds
eart
hy
lty
a
M
dry
tty
Nu , ut ia aln m W ada ac m
Mint
pe
p Pe
t
Pungent
t
in
m
ar
e Sp
ino
Sweet
in
rm
res
Chemical
n ee gr er t t in in W m rn Co
Sulfur te Chocola
l Carame
Honey
Floral
cotch Butters
sugarcane
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Petroleum
Tar tic Plas ene os r e K sel Die
us
dry
woo
d, ce
Pin e, c y
Et h ac yl a et ce su eth ic a tate lfu an cid r Bl dio ol ea xi ch de
popcorn
al
rb He
burned
Ash
peanut butter
l&
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Cool
e
in
ar
acrimonious
pre
ss
dar
PERIODIC TABLE THREE LEVELS
Plastic
Sulfur dioxide
acetic acid
Kerosene
Wet wood
Ethanol
Diesel
Wet dog
sulfur dioxide
Petroleum
Sulfur
Pungent
CL Chemical 89
ITERATE PERIODIC TABLE TWO LEVELS
Burned
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ITERATE SMELL APP HOW TO SHOW THE SMELL CLASSIFICATION?
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ITERATE SMELL APP HOW TO SHOW THE SMELL COMPOSITION?
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3
End
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Refine Present Implement
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REFINE
For the nomenclature we avoided vowels. We also kept only two characters.
We organized them from the more common to the less common.
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REFINE SMELL APP THIS IS HOW WE DECIDED TO SHOW THE CLASSIFICATION AND COMPOSITION
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PRESENT HOW DOES IT SMELL LIKE? EXAMPLE OF THE PRESENTATION
SW1TS3
Source
Nomenclature
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Composition
THE SMELL Learn how to read the smell code in three simple steps
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SMELL BASIC CATEGORIES Have you smelled all of them before?
The smell code has 10 basic smell categories
FG
Fragrant
FT Fruity
CT WD SW MN Citrus
Woody
Mint
Sweet
more common
TS
Toasted
CH
Chemical
PN
Pungent
DC
Decayed
less common 103
SMELL SUB-CATEGORIES We take the basic category nomenclature and then begin numbering the sub-categories from the bottoms up
Sub-categories are placed in columns Dried fruit
less common
Tropical fruit
Tree fruit
Berry
FG
Fragrant
FT Fruity
more common
CT WD SW MN Citrus
Woody
Mint
Sweet
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TS
Toasted
CH
Chemical
PN
Pungent
DC
Decayed
Floral
Tropical fruit
Sulfur
FT
SW Sweet
Chemical
FT3
SW5
CH2
Fruity
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CH
PRESENT BLANK THE SMELL STAND FOR THE DESIGN SCHAU
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BLANK THE SMELL STAND FOR THE DESIGN SCHAU
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BLANK THE SMELL STAND FOR THE DESIGN SCHAU
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HOW DOES IT SMELL LIKE? EXAMPLE OF THE PRESENTATION
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APPLICATIONS
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APP: Thinking about the future, we start to thinking about a device that can catch the smell around you. That is why we star developing an app that can “code” and “uncode” these smells. Imagine that you can save all the smells that you love and send it to your loved ones. Also thinking about “awareness” you can check if the smell that is surround you is safe or not. In this way you can be more into smell and step by step start using this new communication system. 111
APPLICATIONS
STICKERS: As a small advertising campaign “Tag the smell� was born. In order to show how the visualization of the smells with the code would look like. We made some of the compositions that the code can make. For example, we gave people some bags with popcorn, and we put the sticker there. Also we give some others examples as: Apple pie, Lemonade, Poop, Berlin, etc. In this way people can start to link the smell with the composition. 112
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APPLICATIONS
MEMORY GAME: As the ordinary game “memory� we generated this game. The only difference is that instead of matching the same cards, you should match the code with the source of smell. It is a lot of information that is why it has levels, so you can learn in a nice way. Is not just for kids, adults should play with the smell too! 114
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APPLICATIONS
SMELL GUIDE (TACO): This guide has all the categories of smell, in this shape is really easy to read and find the information that you need for coding and reading the smell. So, put yourself in a supermarket. You need to buy some cleaning products, that most of the time has really strong and harmful smell. Then you have this “smell guide� and all the products are marked with the code, you just have to read it and then you know how this product smells, and if it is dangerous. This guide is not just for harmful smells it could be use for any product. 116
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APPLICATIONS
INTERACT: play the video and learn more about possible applications of the smell code.
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Thanks for reading!
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