Hindi - June 2017

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a ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ

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çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ ÁêÙU 201|, ¥¢·¤ w

ØãU ¥¢·¤ ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ ÅUè× ·¤ð¤ âæÍ ç×Ü·¤ÚU Áè0§ü0°0Áè0 mæÚUæ Âý·¤æçàæÌ ·¤è Áæ ÚUãè ãñ, çÁâ×ð´ ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ ×ð´ Âý·¤æçàæÌ ¥¢»ýðÁè Öæáæ ·ð¤ ·é¤ÀU ×êÜ Üð¹æð´ ·¤æ çãU‹Îè ×ð´ ¥ÙéßæÎ °ß¢ ⢷¤ÜÙ ãñÐ »æðÚU¹ÂéÚU °ÙßæØÚU‹×ð‹ÅUÜ °€àæÙ »ýé wwy, ÂéçÎüÜÂéÚU, °×0Áè0 ·¤æÜðÁ ÚUæðÇU, ÂæðSÅU Õæ€â 60, »æðÚU¹ÂéÚU-273001 ȤæðÙ Ñ +~v-zzv-2230004 Èñ¤€â Ñ +~v-zzv-2230005 §ü×ðÜ Ñ geagindia@gmail.com ßðÕâæ§ÅU Ñ www.geagindia.org °.°×.§ü. Ȥæ©U‡ÇUðUàæÙ Ù¢0 204, 100 ȤèÅU çÚ¢U» ÚUæðÇU, 3 Èð¤Êæ, 2 ¤ ŽÜæ·¤, 3 SÅðUÁ, ÕÙà梷¤ÚUè, Õñ´‚ÜæðÚU- 560085 , ÖæÚUÌ È¤æðÙ Ñ + 91-080-26699512, +91-080-26699522 Èñ¤€â Ñ +91-080-26699410 §ü×ðÜ Ñ leisaindia@yahoo.co.in rd

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ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ ¥¢»ýðÁè ×ð´ Âý·¤æçàæÌ ˜æñ×æçâ·¤ Âç˜æ·¤æ ãñU, Áæð §çÜØæ ·¤è âãUÖæç»Ìæ âð °.°×.§ü. Ȥæ©U‡ÇUðUàæÙ Õñ´‚ÜæðÚU mæÚUæ Âý·¤æçàæÌ ãUæðÌè ãñUÐ ×é Ø â Âæη¤ ·ð¤.ßè.°â. ÂýâæÎ, °.°×.§ü. Ȥæ©U‡ÇðUàæÙ ÂýÕ‹Ï â Âæη¤ ÅUè.°×.ÚUæÏæ., °.°×.§ü. Ȥæ©U‡ÇðUàæÙ ¥ÙéßæÎ â׋ßØ ¥¿üÙæ ŸæèßæSÌßU, Áè.§ü.°.Áè. Âêç‡æü×æ, °.°×.§ü. Ȥæ©U‡ÇðUàæÙ ÂýÕ‹ÏÙ M¤ç€×‡æè Áè.Áè., °.°×.§ü. Ȥæ©U‡ÇðUàæÙ Üð¥æ©UÅU °ß¢ ÅUæ§üÂâðçÅ¢U» ÚUæÁ·¤æ‹Ìè »é#æ, Áè.§ü.°.Áè. ÀUÂæ§ü ·¤SÌêÚUè ¥æòȤâðÅU, »æðÚU¹ÂéÚU ¥æßÚU‡æ ȤæðÅUæð Áè.§ü.°.Áè. ÜèÊææ Âç˜æ·¤æ ·ð¤ ¥‹Ø â ÂæÎÙ ÜñçÅUÙ ¥×ðçÚU·¤Ù, Âçà¿×è ¥Èý¤è·¤Ù °ß¢ ÕýæÊæèçÜØÙ â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ Âç˜æ·¤æ ·ð¤ ¥‹Ø ÿæð˜æèØ â ÂæÎÙ Ìç×Ü, ·¤‹ÙǸU, ©UçǸUØæ, ÌðÜ»ê, ×ÚUæÆUè °ß¢ ¢ÁæÕè â Âæη¤ ·¤è ¥æðÚU âð Üð¹æð´ ×ð´ Âý·¤æçàæÌ ÁæÙ·¤æÚUè ·¤ð¤ÂýçÌ ÂêÚUè âæßÏæÙè ÕÚUÌè »§ü ãñÐ çȤÚU Öè Îè »§ü ÁæÙ·¤æÚUè âð â Õç‹ÏÌ ç·¤âè Öè ˜æéçÅU ·¤è çÁ ×ðÎæÚUè ©UUâ Üð¹ ·ð¤ Üð¹·¤ ·¤è ãUæð»èÐ ×æ§ÁðçÚUØÚU ·ð¤ âãUØæ𻠰ߢ Áè0§ü0°0Áè0 ·ð¤ â׋ßØÙ ×ð´ °0°×0§ü0 mæÚUæ Âý·¤æçàæÌ

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ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

de ckgjh ykxr ,oa LFkk;h Ñf"k ij vk/kkfjr yht+k mu lHkh fdlkuksa ds fy, ,d rduhd vkSj lkekftd fodYi gS] tks i;kZoj.k lEer fof/k ls viuh mit o vk; c<+kuk pkgrs gSa D;ksafd yht+k ds vUrxZr eq[;r% LFkkuh; lalk/kuksa vkSj izkÑfrd rjhdksa dks viuk;k tkrk gS vkSj vko';drkuqlkj gh ckg~; lalk/kuksa dk lqjf{kr mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA yht+k ikjEifjd vkSj oSKkfud Kku dk la;ksx gS] tks fodkl ds fy, vko”;d okrkoj.k rS;kj djrk gSA ;g Hkh eq[; gS fd blds }kjk fdlkuksa dh {kerk dks fofHkUu rduhdksa ls etcwr fd;k tkrk gS vkSj [ksrh dks cnyrh t:jrksa vkSj fLFkfr;ksa ds vuqdwy cuk;k tkrk gS] lkFk gh mu efgyk ,oa iq#"k fdlkuksa o leqnk;ksa dk l”kfDrdj.k gksrk gS] tks vius Kku] rjhdksa] ewY;ksa] laLÑfr vkSj laLFkkuksa ds vk/kkj ij viuk Hkfo"; cukuk pkgrs gaSA

,-,e-bZ- Qkm.Ms”ku] MDdu ds v}Z”kq’d {ks= ds y?kq lhekUr fdlkuksa ds chp fodkl ,tsfUl;ksa ds tqM+ko] vuqHko ds izlkj] Kkuo}Zu ,oa fofHkUu d`f’k fodYiksa dh mRifRr }kjk i;kZoj.kh; Ñf’k dks izksRlkfgr djrk gSA ;g de ykxr izkd`frd lalk/ku izcU/ku ds fy, ikjEifjd Kku o uohu rduhdksa ds lfEeJ.k ls vkthfodk LFkkbZRo dks c<+kok nsrk gSA ,-,e-bZ- Qkm.Ms”ku xkao esa bPNqd fdlkuksa ds lewg dks oSdfYid d`f"k i)fr rS;kj djus o viukus esa l{ke cukus gsrq muds lkFk tqM+dj l?ku :i ls dke dj jgh gSA ;g LFkku vH;kldrkZvksa o izksRlkgdksa ds fy, mudh ns[kus&le>us dh {kerk esa o`f) djus gsrq lh[kus dh ifjfLFkfr ds rkSj ij gSA blls tqM+h Lo;a lsoh laLFkkvksa vkSj muds usVodZ dks tkuus ds fy, bldh osclkbZV ns[ksa&www.amefound.org xksj[kiqj ,uok;jUesUVy ,D'ku xzqi ,d LoSfPNd laxBu gS] tks LFkkbZ fodkl vkSj i;kZoj.k ls tqM+s eqn~nksa ij lu~ 1975 ls dke dj jgk gSA laLFkk y?kq ,oa lhekUr fdlkuksa] vkthfodk ls tqM+s lokyksa] i;kZoj.kh; larqyu] ySafxd lekurk rFkk lgHkkxh iz;kl ds fl}kUrksa ij lQyrkiwoZd dk;Z dj jgh gSA laLFkk us vius 30 lky ds yEcs lQj ds nkSjku vusd ewY;kaduksa] v/;;uksa rFkk egRoiw.kZ 'kks/kksa dks lapkfyr fd;k gSA blds vykok vusd laLFkkvksa] efgyk fdlkuksa rFkk ljdkjh foHkkxksa dk vkthfodk vkSj LFkkbZ fodkl ls lEcfU/kr eqn~nksa ij {kerko/kZu Hkh fd;k gSA vkt th0bZ0,0th0 us LFkkbZ Ñf"k] lgHkkxh iz;kl rFkk ts.Mj tSls fo"k;ksa ij iwjs mÙkj Hkkjr esa viuh fof'k"V igpku cukbZ gSA bldh osclkbV ns[ksa (www.geagindia.org) ekbtsfj;j o"kZ 1958 esa LFkkfir teZu dSFkksfyd fc”ki dh laLFkk gS] ftldk xBu fodklkRed lg;ksx ds fy, gqvk FkkA fiNys 50 o"kksZa ls ekbtsfj;j vQzhdk] ,f”k;k vkSj ykfru vesfjdk esa xjhch ds fo:) yM+us ds fy, izfrc) gSA tkfr] /keZ o fyax Hksn ls ijs fdlh Hkh ekuoh; vko”;drkvksa dh iwfrZ ds fy, ;g ges”kk rRij gSA ekbtsfj;j xjhch vkSj gkfu;ksa ds fo:) igy djus ds fy, izsfjr djus esa fo”okl j[krk gSA ;g vius LFkkuh; lg;ksfx;ksa] ppZ vk/kkfjr laxBuksa] xSj ljdkjh laxBuksa] lkekftd vkUnksyuksa vkSj “kks/k laLFkkuksa ds lkFk dke djus dks izkFkfedrk nsrk gSA ykHkkfFkZ;ksa vkSj lg;ksxh laLFkkvksa dks ,d lkFk ysdj ;g LFkkuh; fodklkRed fØ;kvksa dks lkdkj djus vkSj ifj;kstukvksa dks fØ;kfUor djus esa lg;ksx djrk gSA ;g tkuus ds fy, fd fLFkj pqukSfr;ksa dh izfrfØ;k esa ekbtsfj;j fdl izdkj viuh lg;ksxh laLFkkvksa ds lkFk dke dj jgk gSA bldh osclkbV ns[ksa (www.misereor.de; www.misereor.org)

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lgHkkxh Kku fuekZ.k ojk izlkn fpÙkse LFkkbZ [ksrh dks c<+kok nsus ds mn~ns'; ls LFkkuh; izklafxd tkudkfj;ksa dks izeq[k /kkjk esa ykus ds iz;klksa ds rgr~ fd;s tk jgs uoksUo"kksa ds vUrxZr MDdu Msoyies.V lkslk;Vh }kjk tehuh Lrj ij dke djus okys yksxksa dk {kerk fuekZ.k fd;k tk jgk gSA bl izfØ;k esa] ,d rjQ tgka u;h&u;h tkudkfj;ka izkIr dj lk>k dh tk jgh gSa] ogha nwljh rjQ LFkkuh; vH;klksa ds oSKkfud vk/kkjksa dks Hkh [kkstk ,oa lk>k fd;k tk jgk gSA

Ñf"k& ikfjfLFkfrdh dk foLrkj eatwukFk gksykyw

çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v| 5 lgHkkxh Kku fuekZ.k ojk izlkn fpÙkse 8 Ñf"k&ikfjfLFkfrdh dk foLrkj eatwukFk gksykyw 9 ,dfu"B y{; % Ñf"k ikfjfLFkfrdh dks foLrkj nsrk ,d fdlku f'k{kd Vh-,e- jk/kk 12 tyok;q LekVZ Qlysa vfHkthr eksgUrh ,oa lqekuh tksfn;k

nyguh Qlyksa ls gksus okys izHkkoksa dks ns[krs gq, dukZVd jkT; ds fdlku , ,u vUtus;k us bls viuk;k vkSj csgrj ifj.kke izkIr fd;k rFkk muds bl iz;kl dks ljdkjh rkSj ij Hkh ekU;rk feyhA

,dfu"B y{; % Ñf"k ikfjfLFkfrdh dks foLrkj nsrk ,d fdlku f'k{kd

17 Nr dh nhokjksa ij jrkyw dh [ksrh Hkkouk f?kfejs] jktho <kdky] jks'ku iqnklSuh] jpuk nsodksVk ,oa i'kqifr pkS/kjh 20 ty&teko {ks= esa mPp yks Vuy ikyh gkml esa ulZjh ls vk; vtZu vt; dqekj flag

Vh-,e- jk/kk Ñf"k ikfjfLFkfrdh ls lEcfU/kr tkudkjh [ksr ij dke djrs&djrs vkrh gS vkSj fdlku bl tkudkjh dks c<+kus ds lkFk gh nwljksa rd ig¡qpkus ds fy, ,d egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk ldrk gSA ;gk¡ ij ,sls gh ,d fdlku f'k{kd Jh iznhi dqekj ds ckjs esa ppkZ dh tk jgh gS] ftUgksaus LFkkuh; Lrj ij rS;kj fdlku eap ds ek/;e ls fdlkuksa dks Ñf"k ikfjfLFkfrdh dks viukus gsrq mRizsfjr fd;k gSA

Nr dh nhokjksa ij jrkyw dh [ksrh Hkkouk f?kfejs] jktho <kdky] jks'ku iqnklSuh] jpuk nsodksVk ,oa i'kqifr pkS/kjh

tyok;q LekVZ Qlysa vfHkthr eksgUrh ,oa lqekuh tksfn;k

fo'ks"kdj vkink dh n`f"V ls laosnu'khy {ks=ksa esa dUn] nygu ,oa eksVs vukt dkQh egRo j[krs gSaA ;s Qlysa u dsoy mi;ksx dh tkrh gS] oju~ bu ij 'kks/k Hkh cgqr de gks jgs gSaA ,slh fLFkfr esa vEek laxBu us 1200 ikjEifjd efgykvksa dks ,d= dj ,d efgyk la?k dk xBu fd;k vkSj vius Lrj ij O;kid vfHk;ku pykdj mM+hlk ds 2 fodkl [k.Mksa esa bu Qlyksa dks iqu% thfor djus dk iz;kl fd;kA

viuh cgqr lh ikSf"Vd [kwfc;ksa ds ckotwn jrkyw vHkh Hkh misf{kr ,oa viz;qDr gSA jrkyw ij jk"Vªh; “kks/k ,oa izlkj dk;Zdzeksa dh vuqifLFkfr esa] ykbZcMZ us usiky esa psikax leqnk;ksa ds lkFk Nr dh nhokjksa ij jrkyw dh [ksrh dks izksRlkfgr djus dh vuwBh igy dh gSA

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

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ØãU ¥¢·¤... de ckgjh ykxr ,oa LFkkbZ Ñf"k rduhdkssa dks c<+kok nsus ds mn~ns”;ksa lfgr yht+k bf.M;k twu] 2017 dk vad vkids le{k izLrqr gSA tyok;q ifjorZu ,oa mlls mRiUu pqukSfr;ksa ds dkj.k [ksrh esa c<+rk vLFkkbZRo] [ksrh ds fy, ?kVrh tehu vkSj [kk| mRiknksa dh c<+rh ekax ;s lHkh LFkkuh; ls ysdj oSf”od Lrj rd dh pqukSfr;ka gSa] ftuls fuiVus gsrq izR;sd Lrj ij vius&vius rbZa iz;kl fd;k tk jgk gSA ,sls gh iz;klksa esa [ksrh esa ikjEifjd Qlyksa o iztkfr;ksa rFkk muds mi mRiknksa dks c<+kok nsuk gSA mijksDr ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, izdkf”kr yht+k if=dk ds bl vad dk igyk ys[k MDdu Msoyies.V lkslk;Vh] rsyaxkuk ds Jh ojk izlkn fpÙke }kjk fyf[kr ys[k ^^lgHkkxh Kku fuekZ.k** gSA bl ys[k esa eq[;r% LFkkuh; ikjEifjd o izklafxd tkudkfj;ksa o muds oSKkfud vk/kkjksa dks ,d= dj nLrkosthdj.k djrs gq, cM+s iSekus ij izpkj&izlkj dh xfrfof/k;ksa dks n”kkZ;k x;k gSA blh izdkj Jh eatwukFk gksykyw }kjk fyf[kr ^^Ñf"k&ikfjfLFkfrdh dk foLrkj** uked nwljs ys[k esa ,d fdlku }kjk nyguh Qlyksa ds [ksrh ds Qk;ns ,oa vU; fdlkuksa dh c<+rh :fp dks ns[krs gq, Ñf"k foHkkx }kjk fd;s tkus okys lg;ksx dh dgkuh izLrqr gSA lqJh Vh ,e jk/kk }kjk fyf[kr if=dk dk rhljk ys[k ^^,dfu"B y{; % Ñf"k ikfjfLFkfrdh dks foLrkj nsrk ,d fdlk f”k{kd** mM+hlk ds ,d ek/;fed fo|ky; ds iz/kkukpk;Z o fdlku dh dgkuh gS] ftUgksaus Ñf"k ikfjfLFkfrdh dks foLrkj nsus ds fy, ,d rjQ rks xkao Lrj ij fdlkuksa dks laxfBr fd;k] rks ogha nwljh rjQ Ldwyh cPpksa ds ek/;e ls x`gokfVdk rS;kj djus dh izfdz;k “kq: dhA cPpksa ds lkFk dh x;h bl xfrfof/k ls tgka cPpksa dk Ldwy ls iyk;u :dk] ogha Lo;a }kjk mxk;s x;s lfCt+;ksa ls cPpksa dks iks"kd rRo Hkh feyus yxkA Jh vfHkthr eksgUrh o Jg lqekuh tksfn;k }kjk fyf[kr pkSFks ys[k ^^tyok;q LekVZ Qlysa** esa mu Qlyksa@iztkfr;ksa ds mUu;u o foLrkj dh ckr dgh x;h gS] tks tyok;q ifjorZu ds bl nkSj esa fofo/k izdkj dh ekSleh ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks lgu djus esa l{ke gSaA yxkrkj ?kVrh tehusa ,oa igkM+h {ks=ksa esa tehuksa ds NksVs&NksVs VqdM+ksa ij [ksrh u dj ikus ds dkj.k fdlkuksa dk [ksrh ls eksg Hkax gksrk tk jgk gS vkSj os [ksrh ls Hkkx jgs gSaA ,slh ifjfLFkfr esa lqJh Hkkouk f?kfejs] Jh jktho <kdky] Jh jks”ku iqnklSuh] lqJh jpuk nsodksVk rFkk Jh i”kqifr pkS/kjh }kjk fyf[kr ys[k ^^Nr dh nhokjksa ij jrkyw dh [ksrh** ,d le&lkef;d o izklafxd ys[k gSA ftlesa Hkwfe ds izR;sd bap dk lgh mi;ksx djus dh dyk crkbZ x;h gSA tcfd Jh vt; dqekj flag }kjk fyf[kr if=dk dk vkf[kjh ys[k ,d ,sls fdlku dh dgkuh gS] ftlus mPp Vuy ikyh gkml ds ek/;e ls viuh vkthfodk dks lqn`<+ djus dk iz;kl fd;k gSA vUr esa if=dk ds lHkh ys[kksa ,oa mudh mi;ksfxrk ij vkids fopkjksa ,oa lq>koksa dh vk”kk esa --lEiknd e.My

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ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

UâãUÖæ»è ™ææÙ çÙ×æü‡æ ßÚUæ ÂýâæÎ ç¿žæð×

i;kZoj.k vuqdwy [ksrh i)fr;ksa dh vksj :fp] tSo fofo/krk vk/kkfjr tSfod [ksrh rFkk de ckgjh ykxr dh LFkkbZ [ksrh] bu lHkh us feydj ikjEifjd tkudkfj;ksa dks LFkkbZ Ñf"k ds fy, ,d egRoiw.kZ lalk/ku rS;kj fd;k gSA fodkl ds eqn~ns ij dke djus okys yksxksa rFkk Ñf"k oSKkfudksa ds vUnj bu LFkkuh;

ijEijkvksa dks fudV ls tkuus le>us dh mRlqdrk mRiUu gksus yxh gS vkSj os bu laxBuksa rFkk rduhdksa dh etcwrh ij vk/kkfjr ,d u;k ekMy rS;kj djus dh fn”kk esa mRlqd gksus yxs gSaA vkt] bl oSf”od ?kVuk esa LFkkuh; Kku iz.kkfy;ksa ds fo”kky Hk.Mkj dk [kqyklk gqvk gSA rsyaxkuk ds esMd ftys dh xjhc nfyr efgyk fdlkuksa ds lkFk fiNys nks n”kdksa ls dke dj jgh MDdu Msoyies.V lkslk;Vh dk eq[; mn~ns”; LFkkbZ [ksrh ds ek/;e ls bu nfyr efgyk fdlkuksa ds vUnj lEekuiw.kZ thou thus dh {kerk fodflr djuk gSA MDdu Msoyies.V lkslk;Vh us ,d rjQ rks bu efgykvksa dks viuh ijEijkxr tkudkfj;ksa dks viukus gsrq izksRlkfgr djuk “kq: fd;k rks nwljh rjQ izn”kZu ,oa izf”k{k.k ds ek/;e ls bu vewY; LFkkuh; ijEijkxr tkudkfj;ksa dk cM+s iSekus ij vuqdwyu] izn”kZu ,oa izpkj&izlkj djus ds fy, budk nLrkosthdj.k djuk Hkh izkjEHk dj fn;kA cht laj{k.k dh ikjEifd i)fr dks iznf'kZr djrh vatEek QksVks % ys[kd

LFkkbZ [ksrh dks c<+kok nsus ds mn~ns'; ls LFkkuh; izklafxd tkudkfj;ksa dks izeq[k /kkjk esa ykus ds iz;klksa ds rgr~ fd;s tk jgs uoksUo"kksa ds vUrxZr MDdu Msoyies.V lkslk;Vh }kjk tehuh Lrj ij dke djus okys yksxksa dk {kerk fuekZ.k fd;k tk jgk gSA bl izfØ;k esa] ,d rjQ tgka u;h&u;h tkudkfj;ka izkIr dj lk>k dh tk jgh gSa] ogha nwljh rjQ LFkkuh; vH;klksa ds oSKkfud vk/kkjksa dks Hkh [kkstk ,oa lk>k fd;k tk jgk gSA

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

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LFkkuh; ikjEifjd Kku dks igpkuuk vuqHkoh fdlkuksa ls izkIr ikjEifjd Kku dks nwljs yksxksa ls lk>k djus gsrq tSfod fof/k ls [ksrh ds LFkkuh; ikjEifjd Kku ij efgyk ,oa iq:"k fdlkuksa ds lkFk lk{kkRdkj fd;k x;k rFkk bl {ks= esa LFkkuh; Kku ds lkFk&lkFk oSKkfud tkudkfj;ksa dks Hkh viuk;k x;kA MDdu Msoyies.V lkslk;Vh us cgqr lh efgykvksa tSls fcnkdUus dh leEek] xaxokj dh vatEek rFkk gqeuiqj dh y{kEek dks fpfUgr dj] mudk nLrkosthdj.k fd;k x;k rFkk oK S kfud tkudkfj;kas ls le) ` fd;k x;kA fcnkdUus xkao dh ,d nfyr efgyk leEek ds ikl i;kZoj.k vuqdwy Ñf"kxr xfrfof/k;ka ,oa tyok;q laosnh Qlyksa dh cqokbZ ls lEcfU/kr ijEijkxr tkudkfj;ksa dk ,d Hk.Mkj gh gSA y{kEek gqeuiqj dh ,d fdlku gSa] ftuds ikl ikap ,dM+ tehu gSA lkFk gh bUgksaus feV~Vh ds crZuksa esa 60 ls 70 izdkj dh ns”kh iztkfr;ksa ds cht ,d= dj j[ks gSaA U;kydy eaMy ds xaxokj dh vatEek cht Hk.Mkj.k dh ikjEifjd i)fr;ksa ds fo"k; esa vPNh tkudkjh j[krh gSaA fdlkuksa ls izkIr ikjEifjd Kku dh tkap oSKkfud vk/kkj ij djus ds ckn gh mldks nLrkosftr dj izlkfjr fd;k tkrk gSA

{kerk fuekZ.k Ñf"k ls tqM+h tkudkfj;kas ,oa Ñf"kxr rduhdksa dks [ksfrgj leqnk;ksa rd igq¡pkus esa tehu Lrj ij dke djus okys izlkj dk;ZdÙkkZvksa dh eq[; Hkwfedk jgrh gSA ysfdu tc ckr i;kZoj.k vuqdwy [ksrh xfrfof/k;ksa dh vkrh gS rks vuqHko ;g crkrs gSa fd ,d fdlku vius ikjEifjd Kku ds ckjs esa Lo;a cgqr vPNh rjg ls tkurk gS vkSj mls viukrs gq, viuh vkthfodk dks mUur cuk ldrk gS] ijUrq blds fy, dqN rduhdksa dks viukus gsrq mUgsa mRizsfjr djus dh vko”;drk gksrh gSA bl ifjn`”; esa] tehu ls tqM+s bu izlkj dk;ZdÙkkZvksa dks rS;kj djus gsrq flQZ eap ,oa lalk/kuksa dh vko”;drk gksrh gS rkfd os fdlkuksa ds chp tkudkfj;ka@lwpuk,a lk>k djus dh ,d dM+h ds :i esa Lo;a dks rS;kj dj ldsaA vuqHko ;g crkrs gSa fd fdlkuksa ds ikl vPNs ikjEifjd Kku cgqr vf/kd ek=k esa gksrs gSa] ftudk mi;ksx dj og viuh vkthfodk mUur cuk ldrs gSaA 6

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

cht Hk.Mkj.k i)fr xaxokj dh lqJh vatEek ds ikl puk] xasgw ;k eVj ds chtksa dks Hk.Mkfjr djus dk viuk ,d rjhdk gSA lcls igys og feV~Vh esa xk; dk xkscj feykdj mlls csar dh Vksdjh dks yhi nsrh gSaA mlds ckn pus ds fNydksa dks Vksdjh esa pkjksa rjQ uhps ls ysdj Åij rd fcNk nsrh gSa vkSj chp esa eq[; cht dks j[krh gSaA rRi”pkr~ lcls Åij uhe dh ifÙk;ksa dks fcNkdj mls xk; ds xkscj] xhyh feV~Vh vkSj jk[k ds feJ.k ls cUn dj nsrh gSaA ;g izfØ;k dVkbZ ds ckn chtksa ds gksus okys uqdlku o {kfr dks jksdrh gSA lkekU;r% Fkszf”kax ds ckn pus ds fNydksa dks Qsad fn;k tkrk gSSa] ysfdu bl dsl esa os cht Hk.Mkj.k ds fy, bls ,d laj{kd ek/;e ds :i esa mi;ksx djrh gSaA pus ds fNydksa esa eSfyd ,flM gksus dh otg ls ;s Hk.Mkj.k ds dhVksa esa tyu mRiUu djrs gSa vkSj bl dkj.k dhV Hk.Mkfjr lkexzh ls nwj jgrs gSaA fdlkuksa ds lkFk ijEijkxr Kku dks lk>k djrs le; blh rjg dh oSKkfud O;k[;k }kjk ikjEifjd Kku dh mi;qDrrk dks crk;k tkrk gSA

fdlkuksa ds chp [ksrh ds Ñf"k ikfjfLFkfrdh rjhds ij tkudkjh vknku&iznku djus ds Åij tehu Lrj ls tqM+s dk;ZdÙkkZvksa dk Kkuo/kZu djus ds mn~ns”; ls rsyaxkuk jkT; esa uoEcj] 2015 esa rhu fnolh; dk;Z”kkyk dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA esMd ftyk ds lHkh 46 e.Myksa ds Ñf"kxr izlkj dk;ZdÙkkZvksa ds fy, 7 cSpksa esa MDdu Msoyies.V lkslk;Vh }kjk Ñf"k foKku dsUnz] t+kfgjkckn] esMd esa bl dk;Z”kkyk dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA lkFk gh vkRek LVkQ] bfUnjk ØkfUr ikFke leUo;d ,oa ftys esa fdlkuksa ds lkFk izR;{k rkSj ij dke djus okyh LoSfPNd laxBuksa ds dk;ZdÙkkZvksa dks Hkh bl dk;Z”kkyk esa “kkfey fd;k x;kA bl igy dks esMd ftyk ds Ñf"k rduhd izcU/ku vfHkdj.k }kjk foÙkh; lgk;rk iznku dh x;hA dk;Z”kkyk ds nkSjku uohure Kku ,oa lwpukvksa ls ifjfpr djkus gsrq lgHkkxh rduhd dk mi;ksx fd;k x;kA mnkgj.k ds fy,] vkfFkZd n`f"V ls de ykxr okyh rFkk LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k rFkk dqN fuf”pr ekudksa ij vk/kkfjr lokZf/kd mfpr tSfod [kkn dks fpfUgr djus ds fy, lgHkkxh midj.kksa dk iz;ksx fd;k x;kA blds vUrxZr izfrHkkfx;ksa ls dgk x;k fd os fofHkUu izdkj dh [kknksa dks Js.kh iznku djsa A bl

vH;kl ls ;g iznf”kZr gqvk fd xk¡o esa vklkuh ls miyC/k [ksr ds vif”k"V inkFkksZa ls rS;kj [kkn e`nk LokLF; ds fy, vPNs rks gksrs gSa] ysfdu ikS/kksa dks leqfpr iks"k.k ugha ns ikrs gSa] blds fy, izfrHkkfx;ksa us 41 vad fn;sA LFkkuh; Lrj ij rS;kj rjy tSo moZjd tSls oehZok”k] iapxO;] thoke`qre vkfn dks mudh cgq mi;ksfxrk ds dkj.k lcls vf/kd 91 vad feykA lcls :fpdj rks ;g jgk fd vdkcZfud moZjd] tks ikS/kksa dks cM+h ek=k esa iks"k.k miyC/k djkrs gSa] mudks lcls de 19 uEcj feykA de vad feyus ds ihNs vdkcZfud moZjdksa dh ykxr vf/kd gksuk] LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/krk u feyuk] i;kZoj.k vuqdwyu u gksuk rFkk e`nk LokLF; ds fy, gkfudkjd gksuk vkfn dqN izeq[k dkj.k jgsA vkt 12 fMohtuksa rFkk 46 e.Myksa ls dqy 205 izlkj dk;ZdÙkkZvksa dks LFkkuh; tSfod [ksrh i)fr;ksa ij izf”kf{kr fd;k tk pqdk gS] ftlesa ftys ds mPp Lrj ds Ñf"k izlkj dk;ZdÙkkZvksa ds lkFk&lkFk tehuh Lrj ds izlkj dk;ZdÙkkZ Hkh “kkfey gSaA

Kku dk foLrkj bu izf”kf{kr izlkj dk;ZdÙkkZvksa us ftys ds fdlkuksa ds chp tSfod [ksrh ls lEcfU/kr ijEijkxr Kku dk izlkj djus esa lfØ; Hkkxhnkjh fuHkkbZ gSA lk>k dh x;h tSfod rduhdksa esa] oehZok”k ,d ,slh rduhd gS] ftlus fdlkuksa dk /;ku iwjh rjg ls viuh vksj vkdf"kZr fd;k gSA ftys esa Ñf"k izlkj dk;ZdÙkkZvksa ds Kku dks etcwrh iznku djus ds fy, fd;s tk jgs bl igy us tSo fofo/krk vk/kkfjr tSfod Ñf"k ds fy, dsUnzh; Kku gc ds :i esa ,d laLFkk dks rS;kj fd;k gSA blus vU; ftyksa ds fdlkuksa dk /;ku Hkh viuh vksj vkdf"kZr fd;k gSA

ßÚUæ ÂýâæÎ ç¿žæð× ßñ™ææçÙ·¤- ·ë¤çcæ»Ì ÂýâæÚU ÇU€·¤Ù ÇðUßÜÂ×ð‡ÅU âæðâæØÅUè ·ë¤çcæ çß™ææÙ ·ð¤‹¼ý ÁæçãUÚUæÕæÎ, ×ðÇU·¤, ÌðÜ¢»æÙæ §ü×ðÜ Ñ varachittem@gmail.com Co-creation of knowledge LEISA INDIA, Vol 18, No.1, March 2016

Issues and Themes of LEISA INDIA Published in English 2000-2016 V.2, No. 1, 2000 - Desertification V.2, No. 2, 2000 - Farmer innovations V.2, No. 3, 2000 - Farming in the forest V.2, No. 4, 2000 - Monocultures towards sustainability V.3, No. 1, 2001 - Coping with disaster V.3, No. 2, 2001 - Go global stay local V.3, No. 3, 2001 - Lessons in scaling up V.3, No. 4, 2001 - Biotechnology V.4, No. 1, 2002 Managing Livestock V.4, No. 2, 2002 - Rural Communication V.4, No. 3, 2002 - Recreating living soil V.4, No. 4, 2002 - Women in agriculture V.5, No. 1, 2003 - Farmers Field School V.5, No. 2, 2003 - Ways of water harvesting V.5, No. 3, 2003 - Access to resources V.5, No. 4, 2003 - Reversing Degradation V.6, No. 1, 2004 - Valuing crop diversity V.6, No. 2, 2004 - New generation of farmers V.6, No. 3, 2004 - Post harvest Management V.6, No. 4, 2004 - Farming with nature V.7, No. 1, 2005 - On Farm Energy V.7, No. 2, 2005 - More than Money V.7, No. 3, 2005 - Contribution of Small Animals V.7, No. 4, 2005 - Towards Policy Change V.8, No. 1, 2006 - Documentation for Change V.8, No. 2, 2006 - Changing Farming Practices V.8, No. 3, 2006 - Knowledge Building Processes V.8, No. 4, 2006 - Nurturing Ecological Processes V.9, No. 1, 2007 - Farmers Coming together V.9, No. 2, 2007 - Securing Seed Supply V.9, No. 3, 2007 - Healthy Produce, People and Environment V.9, No. 4, 2007 - Ecological Pest Management V.10, No. 1, 2008 -Towards Fairer Trade V.10. No. 2, 2008 - Living soils V.10, No. 3, 2008 - Farming and Social Inclusion V.10, No. 4, 2008 - Dealing with Climate Change V.11, No. 1, 2009 - Farming Diversity V.11, No. 2, 2009 - Farmers as Entrepreneurs V.11, No. 3, 2009 - Women and Food Sovereignty V.11, No. 4, 2009 - Scaling up and sustaining the gains V.12, No.1, 2010 - Livestock for sustainable livelihoods V.12, No.2, 2010 - Finance for farming V.12, No.3, 2010 - Managing water for sustainable farming V.13, No.1, 2011 - Youth in farming V.13, No.2, 2011 - Trees and farming V.13, No.3, 2011 - Regional Food System V.13, No.4, 2011 - Securing Land Rights V.14, No.1, 2012 - Insects as Allies V.14, No.2, 2012 - Greening the Economy V.14, No.3, 2012- Farmer Organisations V. 14, No.4, 2012- Combating Desertification V. 15, No.1, 2013- SRI: A scaling up success V. 15, No.2, 2013- Farmers and market V. 15, No.3, 2013- Education for change V. 15, No.4, 2013- Strengthening family farming V. 16, No. 1, 2014- Cultivating farm biodiversity V. 16, No. 2, 2014- Family farmers breaking out of poverty V. 16, No. 3, 2014- Family farmers and sustainable landscapes V. 16, No. 4, 2014- Family farming and nutrition V. 17, No. 1, 2015- Soils for life V. 17, No. 2, 2015- Rural-urban linkages V. 17, No. 3, 2015- Water-lifeline for livelihoods V. 17, No. 4, 2015- Women forging change V.18, No.1, 2016- Co-creation of knowledge V.18, No.2, 2016-Valuing underutilised crops V.18, No.3, 2016-Agroecology-Measurable and sustainable V.18, No.4, 2016-Stakeholders in agroecology

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U·ë¤çcæ- ÂæçÚUçSÍçÌ·¤è ·¤æ çßSÌæÚU ×¢ÁêÙæÍ ãUæðÜæÜê ikfjfLFkfrdh [ksrh] fo”ks"kdj ikjEifjd /kku dh iztkfr;ksa ij dke djus okyh LFkkuh; iathd`r tSfod fdlku lewg lkjuk eqn~Uuk lO;kok Øqf"kdjk cykxk ds lg;ksx ls jlk;u eqDr [ksrh] mRiknksa dk izlaLdj.k rFkk lkewfgd foi.ku dks ikzRslkfgr djuk 'k: q dj fn;kA cykxk eas oreZku eas dqEckyqj xk¡o ds 300 fdlku tqM+s gSaA

nyguh Qlyksa ls gksus okys izHkkoksa dks ns[krs gq, dukZVd jkT; ds fdlku , ,u vUtus;k us bls viuk;k vkSj csgrj ifj.kke izkIr fd;k rFkk muds bl iz;kl dks ljdkjh rkSj ij Hkh ekU;rk feyhA Jh ,-,u- vUtus;k dukZVd jkT; ds nkokukxsjs ftys ds gfjgjk rkyqd esa vofLFkr dqEckyw: xkao ds ,d ;qok fdlku gSaA 15 o"kZ igys Ñf"k jlk;uksa ds nq"izHkko ls chekj gksdj vLirky esa HkrhZ gksus ds nkSjku bykt dj jgs MkDVjksa dh lykg ij bUgksaus tSfod fof/k ls [ksrh djuh izkjEHk dhA tcfd blls igys os ijEijkxr rjhds ls [ksrh djrs Fks vkSj viuh /kku dh Qlyksa ij jlk;uksa ,oa dhVuk”kdksa dk vU/kk/kqU/k iz;ksx djrs FksA

o"kZ 2009 esa] Ñf"k foHkkx ls lg;ksx ikdj fdlku lewg us nyguh laLÑfr dks cM+k foLrkj fn;kA lewg ds lnL;ksa us gfjr [kkn ds fy, eq[; rkSj ij lwjteq[kh] dsokap] <Sapk vkfn dk mi;ksx fd;kA vUtus;k us Hkh viuh /kku dh [ksrh okys {ks= ds [kkjs izHkko okys 4 ,dM+ {ks= esa nyguh Qlyksa dh cqokbZ dhA o"kZ nj o"kZ nyguh [ksrh dk {ks=Qy c<+rk gh tk jgk gS ftls rkfydk ds ek/;e ls fuEuor~ ns[k ldrs gSa &

vUtus;k dks nyguh laLÑfr (eq[; Qly dh cqokbZ ls igys [ksr dks gfjr [kkn dh Qlyksa dks “kkfey djuk) viukus dh izsj.kk iM+kslh ftys ds f”kdkjiqjk ds ,d fdlku Jh ch-,u- uUnh”k ls feyhA la;ksx ls] yht+k bf.M;k eas nyguh lLaÑfr ds vuHqkokas ds Åij Jh uUnh”k dk y[sk igys Ni Hkh pd q k FkkA vUtu;sk us nyguh [ksrh ds Åij vkSj vf/kd tkudkjh izkIr djus ds fy, fofHkUu laLFkkuksa tSls ,l-ds-Mh-vkj-Mh-ih- rFkk lgt vkfn ls lEidZ fd;kA vkt vUtus;k dh lQyrk dks ns[krs gq, cgqr ls fdlku vUtus;k ls rduhdh lg;ksx ysdj bl [ksrh dks viuk jgs gAaS fdlkukas eas bl c<r+h :fp dks n[skrs g,q o"kZ 2009 esa Ñf"k foHkkx us {ks= esa bl vH;kl dk foLrkj cM+s iSekus ij djus ds mn~ns”; ls Ñf"k&

ßcæü w®v® w®vv w®vw w®vx w®vy

QksVks % ys[kd

vius [ksr esa vUtus;k

ÎÜãUÙè ¹ðÌè ·¤æ ȤâÜ y® °·¤Ç¸U vz® °·¤Ç¸U y®® °·¤Ç¸U {®® °·¤Ç¸U vw®® °·¤Ç¸U

vc] xk¡o ds /kku mxkus okys fdlku vkus okys o"kksZa esa 12000 ,dM+ dh ekax dj jgs gSaA bl vH;kl ls mRiknu dh ykxr esa 20 izfr”kr dh deh vk;h gS vkSj e`nk esa dkcZu dh ek=k c<+us ls Hkwfe dh moZjrk c<+h gSA vc Qlyksa ij dhVksa ,oa O;kf/k;ksa dk izdksi ?kVk gSA fdlkuksa us vc jlk;fud moZjdksa dk iz;ksx yxHkx cUn dj fn;k gSA vUtus;k ,oa mlds ny ds lnL; dgrs gSa fd ^^lcls egRoiw.kZ ckr rks ;g gS fd fiNys ik¡p o"kksZa esa gekjk LokLF; cgqr vPNk gqvk gSA** bu lHkh iz;klksa ds fy,] vUtus;k dks jkT; ljdkj dh rjQ ls ^^Øqf"k iafMr** dh mikf/k feyh gS vkSj ukxj lekt laxBuksa dh rjQ ls cgqr ls vU; iqjLdkj Hkh feys gSaA ×¢ÁêÙæÍ ãUæðÜæÜê Áñçß·¤ ¹ðÌè ÂÚU âÜæãU·¤æÚ mæÚUæ ÚUÁæ·¤è çÕçËÇ¢U», çßÙæØ·¤ Ù»ÚU âßæÙéÚU, çâ‚»æ¢ß- z}vw®zU ãUßðÚUè, ·¤ÙæüÅU·¤æ §ü×ðÜ Ñ manjubaduku@gmail.com Agroecology- Measurable and sustainable LEISA INDIA, Vol 18, No.3, September 2016

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ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

U°·¤çÙDïU ÜÿØ

U·ë¤çcæ ÂæçÚUçSÍçÌ·¤è ·¤æð çßSÌæÚU ÎðÌæ °·¤ ç·¤âæÙ çàæÿæ·¤ ÅUè0°×0 ÚUæÏæ

iznhi dqekj mM+hlk ds xUte ftys ds fodkl [k.M fnxkig.Mh ds ,d NksVs ls xkao xqgkyiqj esa fLFkr ek/;fed fo|ky; esa fiNys 16 o"kksZa ls iz/kkuk/;kid ds :i esa dk;Zjr gSaA iznhi dqekj fcgekiqj xkao ds ,d fdlku ifjokj ls lEcU/k j[krs gSa vkSj bUgksaus xzke fodkl uked ,d LoSfPNd laxBu esa fodkl dk;ZdÙkkZ ds :i esa vius dSfj;j dh “kq:vkr dhA iznhi Nk= thou ls gh fdlkuksa ds chp esa jgdj [ksrh i)fr;ksa ds izfr muds fopkjksa esa cnyko ykus ,oa LFkkuh; ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds vuqdwy [ksrh djus gsrq izksRlkfgr djus ds fy, izfrc) gSaA ,d d`f"k ikfjfLFkfrdh vH;kl ds rkSj ij Jh i)fr dk foLrkj xzke fodkl ds lkFk tqM+ko ds nkSjku pkoy dh [ksrh djus okys fdlkuksa ds lkFk l?ku :i ls dke djrs gq, iznhi dqekj tkurs Fks fd flapkbZ ds fy, iz;qDr fd;k tkus okyk ikuh [kkjk gksus ds dkj.k fdlkuksa dks cgqr lh leL;k,a >syuh iM+rh gSaA o"kZ 2000 esa mUgksaus yht+k bf.M;k ds fnlEcj vad esa izdkf”kr MkW0 uksjeu vigkQ ds ys[k ds ckjs esa i<+kA ;g fopkj mUgsa dkQh mRlkfgr dj jgk Fkk] ftlds ckjs esa mUgksaus xqgkyiqj ds lg;ksxh fdlkuksa ls ckr dh vkSj Jh fof/k dks [ksr esa viukus dk fu”p; fd;kA nks fdlkuksa us bl fopkj dks lqudj Jh i)fr dks viuk;k vkSj mUgsa csgrj ifj.kke Hkh izkIr gq,A

QksVks % ys[kd

Ñf"k ikfjfLFkfrdh ls lEcfU/kr tkudkjh [ksr ij dke djrs&djrs vkrh gS vkSj fdlku bl tkudkjh dks c<+kus ds lkFk gh nwljksa rd ig¡qpkus ds fy, ,d egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk ldrk gSA ;gk¡ ij ,sls gh ,d fdlku f'k{kd Jh iznhi dqekj ds ckjs esa ppkZ dh tk jgh gS] ftUgksaus LFkkuh; Lrj ij rS;kj fdlku eap ds ek/;e ls fdlkuksa dks Ñf"k ikfjfLFkfrdh dks viukus gsrq mRizsfjr fd;k gSA

ty vk/kkfjr eqn~nksa ds lek/kku gsrq ,d lkFk dke djrs gq, iznhi ,oa ikuh iapk;r lnL;

o"kZ 2000&01 esa ?kksnksgnk MSe ls /kku dh [ksrh djus okys fdlkuksa ds chp flapkbZ gsrq ikuh dk leku forj.k djus ds fy, iznhi us fdlkuksa dks ty lewg ds uke ls laxfBr dj ikuh iapk;r cqykbZA fnxkig.Mh fodkl [k.M ds 57 xk¡oksa ds nks&nks izfrfuf/k bl lewg esa “kkfey FksA ;g lewg izfrekg ,d ckj feyrk Fkk vkSj [ksrh ls tqM+s eqn~nksa ds lkFk gh xzke fodkl ls lEcfU/kr vU; eqn~nksa ij Hkh ppkZ dh tkrh FkhA bl cSBd ds nkSjku gh xkao Lrj ds cgqr ls fooknksa dk fuiVkjk Hkh gks tkrk FkkA ,d fdlku ds :i esa] iznhi Hkh bl lewg dk fgLlk Fks vkSj lewg esa izHkkodkjh Hkwfedk fuHkkrs FksA pwafd og ,d f”kf{kr O;fDr vkSj f”k{kd Hkh gSa] blfy, xkao esa LFkkuh; leqnk; mUgsa lEeku dh utj ls ns[krk gSA blh izdkj dh ,d cSBd esa iznhi us leqnk; ds lkFk Jh fof/k ij tkudkjh lk>k dh vkSj crk;k fd bl i)fr dks viukus ls lalk/kuksa dk [kpZ de gksxk o mit Hkh csgrj gksxhA lcls egRoiw.kZ rks ;g gS fd ty iz;ksx lewg ikuh dk iz;ksx cgqr lksp&le>dj djrk gS vkSj bl fof/k esa ikuh dh t:jr cgrq gh de gkx s hA bl id z kj mUgksaus fdlkuksa dks Jh i)fr viukus gsrq mRiszfjr fd;kA izkjEHk esa yxHkx 200 fdlkuksa us bl i)fr ls [ksrh dhA o"kZ 2003 esa iwjs fodkl[k.M ls yxHkx 1000 fdlkukas us vius [krs eas Jh i)fr dks viukuk 'k: q fd;kA

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

9

o"kZ 2005 rd Jh i)fr dks c<+kok nsuk jkT; ljdkj dh dk;Zlwph esa “kkfey ugha FkkA ,y-vkb-Zih-vkbZ-lh-,- rFkk xzke fodkl tSlh dqN LFkkuh; laLFkk,a fdlkuksa dks Jh i)fr viukus gsrq izksRlkfgr dj jgh FkhaA iznhi us Hkh vius fo|ky; eas nks ckj cBSd dh ,oa dVd fLFkr pkoy “kks/k laLFkku ls lUnHkZ O;fDr;ksa dks cqykdj ppkZ djkbZA fQj Hkh ;g izfØ;k yEcs le; rd ugha py ldhA 2005 ls os yxkrkj bl i)fr dks c<+kok nsus gsrq iz;kljr gSa vkSj ikuh iapk;r dh ekfld o =Sekfld cSBdksa ds nkSjku bl i)fr dks viukus ls feyh lQyrk ,oa dk;Z ds nkSjku vius okyh dfBukbZ;ksa ij ppkZ dh tkrh FkhA bl i)fr ds Åij tkudkfj;ksa rFkk {kerk dks vkSj vf/kd mUur djus gsrq izf”k{k.k ds fcUnv q kas dks fpfUgr fd;k x;k] yfsdu nHqkkXZ; l]s lenqk; dks bls izkIr djus dk dksbZ tfj;k ugha fey jgk FkkA orZeku esa Jh i)fr dks foHkkx }kjk izksRlkfgr fd;k tk jgk gS vkSj vc ;g jkT; Lrj ij dh tkus okyh igy gSA ysfdu jkT; Lrj ij c<+kok nsus ls cgqr igys ls gh iznhi fnxkig.Mh fodkl[k.M esa Jh i)fr viukus gsrq fdlkuksa dks mRizsfjr djus esa eq[; Hkwfedk fuHkk jgs gSaA iznhi us ;g eglwl fd;k fd Jh i)fr ds Åij ljdkj }kjk pyk;s tkus okys izf”k{k.k dk;Zdze i;kZIr ugha FksA dk;Zdze cgqr /kheh xfr ls pyrs Fks] ftlls fdlkuksa }kjk bl i)fr dks viuk;s tkus dh xfr Hkh cgqr /kheh gks x;hA dbZ ckj izn”kZu Hkze.k ij tkus ds ckn fdlkuksa us bls viukuk izkjEHk fd;kA iznhi us yxHkx 20 xkaoksa esa Jh i)fr ls dke djus okys fdlkuksa ds lkFk ckr&phr dhA ftl nkSjku fdlkuksa us crk;k fd bl fof/k ls [ksrh djus esa mit dh o`f) gks jgh gSA mudk dguk Fkk fd igys ftl [ksr ls mUgsa 15&16 dqUry izfr ,dM+ dh mit feyrh Fkh] vc mUgsa mlh [ksr ls 20&25 dqUry izfr ,dM+ dh mit izkIr gks jgh gSA fdlku ;g eku jgs gSa fd ;g i)fr uohu ,oa lalk/ku cpkus okyh gS] ijUrq os vHkh Hkh ;g ugha le> ik jgs gSa fd bls cM+s iSekus ij dSls ykxw fd;k tk;s\ ;qok fdlkuksa dks Ñf"k ikfjfLFkfrdh dh rjQ eksM+uk iznhi us vius fo|ky; esa x`gokfVdk rS;kj djus esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA x`gokfVdk dh “kq:vkr i;kZoj.k ds Åij lh[kus ds nkSjku ,d fØ;kRed xfrfof/k ds :i esa dh x;h FkhA pwafd fo|ky; esa i<+us okys vf/kdka”k Nk= xjhc [ksfrgj ifjokjksa ls vkrs gSa] blfy, ckxokuh ds izfr cPpksa dh LokHkkfod :fp gSA

10 ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

Ñf"k ikfjfLFkfrdh i)fr ls x`gokfVdk O;ofLFkr djrs fo|ky; ds cPps

yxHkx 200 oxZ ehVj esa x`gokfVdk rS;kj dh x;h vkSj mlesa cgqr lh lfCt+;ka tSls cSxu] lgtu] fepkZ] lkx] iihrk vkfn mxk;k x;kA i;kZoj.klEer [ksrh ij tkx:drk QSykus ds lkFk gh iznhi us bu lfCt+;ksa dh [ksrh tSfod fof/k ls djus dks izksRlkfgr fd;kA bl gsrq mUgksaus cxhps esa ,d x<~<k rS;kj dj mlesa cxhps ls fudys vif”k"Vksa dk mi;ksx dj [kkn r;Skj fd;kA [kkn cukus ds fy, xk; dk xkcsj] uhe o nsonkj dh ifÙk;ka vkfn dk mi;ksx fd;kA ;|fi fd mUgksaus ,d if=dk esa i<+dj oehZ dEiksLV Hkh rS;kj djus dh dksf”k”k dh] ijUrq lQyrk ugha fey ldhA izkjEHk esa] x`gokfVdk ds ikS/ks lQsn phafV;ksa ls izHkkfor Fks vkSj muesa dHkh&dHkh dqN chekfj;ksa dk Hkh izdksi gks tkrk FkkA mldk lek/kku djus ds ckjs esa iwNus ij Jh

Nk= igyh ih<+h gSa] tks lk{kj gSaA x`gokfVdk ij O;ogkfjd izf'k{k.k u dsoy mudks izlUurk iznku djrk gS] oju~ mUgsa i;kZoj.klEer xfrfof/k;ksa ds izfr tkx:d cukrs gq, fo'oklh Hkh cukrk gSA

iznhi dgrs gSa& ^^Jh ukjk;.k jsM~Mh ds ys[k dks i<+us ls bu leL;kvksa ls fuiVus esa cgqr lgk;rk feyhA** vkxs os dgrs gSa] gjh [kkn dks iqu% lajf{kr djus rFkk fujUrj ns[k&Hkky o fujh{k.k djrs jgus ls cgqr lh leL;kvksa ls fuiVus esa lgk;rk feyhA ukjk;.k jsM~Mh ds vuqHkoksa ds vk/kkj ij bUgksaus xsans ds Qwy ds ikS/kksa dks yxkus ds fy, Nk;knkj feV~Vh dks Hkh iz;qDr fd;kA izR;sd “kfuokj dks cPpksa ds fy, ,d ?k.Vs ds fof”k"V d{kk dk lapkyu dj x`gokfVdk ls tqM+s vuqHkoksa dks lk>k fd;k tkrk gSA Nk= bdks Dyc ds ek/;e ls ,d&nwljs ls tqM+s gq, gSa tgka i;kZoj.kh; eqn~nksa ij ppkZ dh tkrh gSA cPps ;g Hkh crkrs gSa fd os D;k dj jgs gSa vkSj x`gokfVdk dks O;ofLFkr j[kus esa mUgsa fdl rjg dh dfBukbZ vk jgh gS\ f”k{kd mUgsa vko”;d Qkyksvi dk;Zokgh djus gsrq lykg nsrs gSaA x`gokfVdk ls fudyh lfCt+;ksa dk mi;ksx Nk=ksa ds fy, cuus okys feM&Ms ehy esa fd;k tkrk gSA Nk= ;g eglwl djrs gSa fd cktkj ls [kjhn dj ykbZ x;h lfCt+;ksa dh vis{kk mudh x`gokfVdk esa rS;kj lfCt+;ksa dk Lokn dkQh vPNk gSA cPps ?kj okil tkdj bu ckrksa ds Åij ppkZ djrs gSaA iznhi eglwl djrs gSa fd ^^djds gh fo”okl gksrk gSA** vkSj ;s Nk= igyh ih<+h gSa] tks lk{kj gSaA x`gokfVdk vkSj [kkn cukus ij O;ogkfjd izf”k{k.k u dsoy mudks izlUurk nsrk gS] oju~ ;g mUgsa LorU= :i ls lkspus ds fy, volj nsrk gS vkSj i;kZoj.klEer xfrfof/k;ksa ds izfr tkx:d cukrs gq, fo”okl Hkh fnykrk gSA bl vkuUniw.kZ lh[kus dh izfØ;k ls cPpksa dk yxkrkj Ldwy vkuk vkSj i<+uk lqfuf”pr gqvk gSA iznhi dgrs gSa ^^vc Ldwy ls dksbZ Hkh cPpk Hkkx ugha jgk gSA lHkh yxkrkj i<+us vkrs gSaA**

izHkko&{ks= iznhi ikuh iapk;r ds ek/;e ls [ksfrgj leqnk;ksa ds lkFk lh/kk laokn cuk;s gq, gSaA fo|ky; ds cPpksa ,oa muds vfHkHkkodksa ds lkFk gh mUgksaus xkao Lrjh; dk;ZdÙkkZvksa rFkk fodkl[k.M Lrjh; vf/kdkfj;ksa ds lkFk Hkh etcwr lEcU/k LFkkfir fd;s gSaA orZeku esa] fodkl[k.M Lrj dh lHkh fodklkRed xfrfof/k;ksa ds fy, iznhi gh laidZ O;fDr gSaA iznhi vius fopkjksa ls lekt ds cgqr ls yksxkas dks izHkkfor djus esa l{ke gSaA “kq:vkr esa buds fo|ky; ds cPps buds fopkjksa ls izHkkfor gq,A vc rks buds lkFk i<+kus okys f”k{kd rFkk lsokfuo`Ùk f”k{kd Hkh buls vPNs [kkls izHkkfor gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy,] csjgeiqj xzke iapk;r esa lkek flagh ds

fuoklh Jh dkyh feJk bl Ldwy esa ,d f”k{kd gSaA os tc okil ?kj vkrs gSa] rks bu fopkjksa dk izlkj djrs gSaA blh izdkj muds ?kfu'B fe=x.k nks LoSfPNd laxBuksa esa dke djrs gSaA csjgeiqj esa ,yvkbZihvkbZlh, ,oa fnxkig.Mh fodkl[k.M esa tu tkxj.k muds fopkjksa dks izlkfjr djus dk dke dj jgs gSaA vly esa og vyx&vyx fnO;kax O;fDr;ksa }kjk izcfU/kr fd;s x;s tu tkxj.k ds dulkjh [ksr ds fy, lUnHkZ O;fDr gSaA ikuh iapk;r ds lnL;ksa ij mudk lcls vf/kd izHkko ns[kk tk ldrk gS] ftlesa fodkl[k.M ds 57 xkaoksa ds lnL; tqM+s gq, gSaA blds vfrfjDr] og fodkl[k.M Lrj ij xfBr bdks&Dyc ds ek/;e ls Nk=ksa ls Hkh tqM+s gq, gSaA iznhi dk izHkko {ks= cgqr cM+k gSA fo|ky; dk f”k{kd gksus rFkk ikuh iapk;r dk lfØ; lnL; gksus ds ukrs mUgsa yksxksa ls feyus&tqyus dk O;kid volj Hkh feyrk gSA lcls vf/kd egRoiw.kZ rks ;g gS fd muds O;fDrxr xq.kksa tSls dke ds izfr muds tquwu rFkk leiZ.k us cM+h Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA mnkgj.kLo:i] viuh f”k{kk ,oa {kerk ds dkj.k iznhi xkao ds ,d eq[; O;fDr ds :i esa gSaA fodklkRed dk;ksZa dks djuk mudk tquwu gS vkSj muds ikl fodklkRed laxBuksa esa dke djus dk igys dk vuqHko Hkh gSA usVofdZax dh mudh {kerk rFkk ckgjh nqfu;k ds lkFk muds lEidZ mUgsa xkao esa lEeku dk ik= cukrs gSaA nwljh rjQ] iz/kkukpk;Z gksus ds dkj.k ;qok ih<+h dks lgh fn”kk iznku djus dk volj Hkh izkIr gSA mudh ;s lHkh [kwfc;ka Ñf"k ikfjfLFkfrdh ij lwpukvksa ds foLrkj esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrh gSaA iznhi dk dsl gesa ;g crkrk gS fd ;fn O;fDr ds vUnj tquwu vkSj leiZ.k gks vkSj og pkgs rks ,d O;fDr Hkh lekt esa O;kid cnyko yk ldrk gSA bl dsl esa lwpuk ds vknku&iznku dh egRrk dks Hkh iznf”kZr fd;k x;k gSA ;fn yxu o fu"Bk ds lkFk lgh O;fDr rd lwpukvksa dh igqap lqfuf”pr dh tk;s rks mlds izHkko dk dksbZ vUr ugha gks ldrkA ;gka rd fd ,d O;fDr] ,d fdlku ;k ,d f”k{kd ftl lekt esa jgrk gS] mlesa cnyko yk ldrk gSA ÅUè0°×0 ÚUæÏæ °.°×.§ü. Ȥæ©U‡ÇUðUàæÙ Õ¢»ÜæñÚU, ÖæÚUÌ §ü×ðÜ Ñ leisaindia.@yahoo.co.in ßðÕâæ§üÅU Ñ www.amefound.org Stakeholders in agroecology LEISA INDIA, Vol 18, No.4, December 2016

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

11

fofo/k izdkj ds eksVs vuktksa dks dkVrh ,d efgyk

UÁÜßæØé S×æÅüU ȤâÜð´ ¥çÖÁèÌ ×æðãU‹Ìè °ß¢ âé×æÙè ÁæðçÎØæ fo'ks"kdj vkink dh n`f"V ls laosnu'khy {ks=ksa esa dUn] nygu ,oa eksVs vukt dkQh egRo j[krs gSaA ;s Qlysa u dsoy mi;ksx dh tkrh gS] oju~ bu ij 'kks/k Hkh cgqr de gks jgs gSaA ,slh fLFkfr esa vEek laxBu us 1200 ikjEifjd efgykvksa dks ,d= dj ,d efgyk la?k dk xBu fd;k vkSj vius Lrj ij O;kid vfHk;ku pykdj mM+hlk ds 2 fodkl [k.Mksa esa bu Qlyksa dks iqu% thfor djus dk iz;kl fd;kA Hkkjr ds mM+hlk jkT; esa izkjEHk ls gh dUn] nygu ,oa eksVs vukt vkfnoklh leqnk;ksa ds Hkkstu dk fgLlk jgs gSaA ;s Qlysa [kk| ladV ds fnuksa esa bu leqnk;ksa dh [kk| ,oa iks"k.k lqj{kk lqfuf'pr djrh FkhA ysfdu Ñf"k dk cktkjhdj.k gksus ls ,dy [ksrh dk pyu c<+k vkSj /kku dh [ksrh eq[; rkSj ij gksus yxh] ftlls Qly

12 ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

i.zkkyh eas bu Qlykas dks mifs{kr fd;k tkus yxkA blds lkFk jlk;fud moZjdksa dk vU/kk/kqU/k iz;ksx djus ds dkj.k e`nk dk izkÑfrd moZjrk ?kVh] ifj.kker% mit esa Øe'k% g`kl gksus yxkA izkÑfrd vkinkvksa dh c<+rh vko`fÙk ,oa rhozrk ds dkj.k gky ds o"kksZa esa mM+hlk dh fLFkfr vkSj laosnu'khy gqbZ vkSj bl izdkj dqy feykdj xaHkhj ladV mRiUu gks x;k gSA bu fodV fLFkfr;ksa esa vEek laxBu us 1200 ikjEifjd efgykvksa dks feykdj ,d efgyk la?k dk xBu fd;k vkSj dUn] nygu ,oa eksVs vuktksa dks iquthZfor djus gsrq bl la?k ds ek/;e ls ,d O;kid o thoUr vfHk;ku efgykvksa dh lkSnsckth ,oa eksyHkko djus dh {kerk c<+h gS vkSj ifjokj dh vk; c<+kus esa muds }kjk fd;s tkus okys ;ksxnku dks yksx ekuus yxs gSaA

·¤‹Î ȤâÜæð´ ·¤æ Âæðcæ‡æ ×êËØ Âæðcæ·¤ Ìˆß Âæðcæ·¤ Ìˆß ÂýæðÅUèÙ (ÂýçÌàæÌ ×ð´) ßâæ (ÂýçÌàæÌ ×ð´) ª¤Áæü (ç·¤·¤Ü) çßÅUæç×Ù Õè-v (ç×»ýæ) çßÅUæç×Ù Õè-w (ç×»ýæ) çßÅUæç×Ù âè* (ç×»ýæ) ·ñ¤ÚUæðÅUèÙ (ç×»ýæ) ·ñ¤çËàæØ× (ç×»ýæ) ȤæSȤæðÚUâ (ç×»ýæ) ×ñ‚ÙèçàæØ× (ç×»ýæ) âæðçÇUØ× (ç×»ýæ) ÂæðÅñUçàæØ× (ç×»ýæ) âËȤÚU (ç×»ýæ) ¥æØÚUÙ (ç×»ýæ) ·¤æòÂÚU (ç×»ýæ) çÁ¢·¤ (ç×»ýæ) ×ñ‚ÙèÁ¸ (ç×»ýæ) ÕæðÚUæÙ (ç×»ýæ)

§ü0°È¤0ßæ§ü0 w.® ®.v v{.{ |z.® ®.{ ®.| ®.® w{.w vw.| {|.® y|.® y.v {ww vv.} ®.zv ®.v} v.®z ®.xv ®.|

·¤âæßæ w.z ®.w xw.y vxz ®.®y ®.®z xy ®® w{ xw ®® w x~.y x~.y ®.~ ®® ®® ®® ®®

»¢Áè w.w ®® wv ®® ®® ®® ®® ®® x® y~ wy vx x|x w~ ®.} ®® ®® ®® ®®

* ewY; dk fu/kkZj.k rkts otu esa fexzk0@100 xzke fd;k tkrk gSA

L=ksr % cky xksikyu ,oa vU; }kjk lEikfnr ^^Vªkfidy V~;wVj ØkIl**

pyk;kA j?kjqkt Qkm.M'sku ds lg;ksx ls bl vfHk;ku dks dkykgkaMh ftys ds Fkqvkeqyjkeiqj rFkk jk;xnk ds dk'khiqj fodkl [k.Mksa esa bl vfHk;ku dks pyk;k x;kA

feyrk gSA vEek laxBu us fdlkuksa ds lkFk dbZ pj.kksa eas cSBdsa dj lwju ds egRo dks muds lkFk lk>k fd;kA iz{ks= izn'kZu dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k vkSj dUn okyh Qlyksa dh [ksrh o d`f"k ikfjfLFkfrdh xath dh [ksrh ls izlUufpr lksfcuh eqnqyh QksVks % vfHkthr eksgUrh

dUn okyh Qlysa fofHkUu Ñf"kxr tyok;qfod ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Hkh csgrj mit nsrh gaSA ;s dUn okyh Qlysa lw[kk ,oa ck<+ rFkk vR;f/kd xehZ dh fLFkfr;ksa esa Hkh mxk;h tkrh gaSA tcfd lkekU; ;k vuqdwy fLFkfr;ksa esa tc vU; Qlyksa ds uqdlku dh laHkkouk dkQh de gksrh gS rks ml le; ;s cgqr vPNk mRiknu nsrh gSaA nwljh rjQ nygu vkSj eksVs vukt tks [kk| ,oa iks"k.k dk ,d egRoiw.kZ vax gksrs gSa] bUgsa mxkus ds fy, de ikuh dh vko';drk gksrh gS vkSj mit lqfuf'pr gksrh gSA lkFk gh vf/kd mRiknu Hkh gksrk gSA

dUn okyh Qlyksa dh [ksrh dks c<+kok nsuk lwju mxus ds fy, jk;xnk ,oa dkykgkaMh ftys dh o"kkZ vk/kkfjr igkM+h {ks= vf/kd mi;qDr gSaA lwju yxkus ls cgqr ls ykHk feyrs gSa vkSj ;g dbZ izdkj dh tyok;qfod ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds izfr lgu'khy gksrk gS& & bldh [ksrh djuk vklku gksrk gSA & mPp mRiknu {kerk gSA & dhVksa ,oa chekfj;ksa dk izdksi de gksrk gSA & cktkj esa bldk ges'kk ekax jgrh gS vkSj cf<+;k ewY; ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

13

çßçÖ‹Ù ×æðÅðU ¥ÙæÁæð´ ·¤æ Âæðcæ‡æ ×êËØ ×æðÅðU ¥ÙæÁ ÕæÁÚUæ ÚUæÁè ·¢¤»Ùè Âýæðâæð ·¤æðÎæð âæ¢ßæ ÕæÙüØæÇüUç×ÜðÅU

ÂýæðÅUèÙ (»ýæ× ×ð´) Ȥæ§ÕÚU (»ýæ× ×ð´) ç×ÙÚUÜ (»ýæ× ×ð´) ¥æØÚUÙ (»ýæ× ×ð´) ç×ÙÚUÜ (»ýæ× ×ð´) v®.{ v.x w.x v{.~ x} |.x x.{ w.| x.~ xyy vw.x } x.x w.} xv vw.z w.w v.~ ®.} vy }.x ~ w.{ ®.z w| |.| |.{ v.z ~.x v| vv.w v®.v y.y vz.w vv L=ksr % ,e-vkbZ-,u-vkbZ-] MDdu MsoyiesUV lkslkbVh] Hkkjr

i)fr ds Åij O;ogkfjd :i ls izf'kf{kr fd;k x;kA lwju dh [ksrh ds cgqr ls Qk;nksa dks le>us o eglwl djus ds ckn /khjs&/khjs fdlkuksa us blesa :fp ysuk izkjEHk dj fn;kA

vUrQZly ,oa fefJr [ksrh dks c<+kok nsuk ^vEek^ laxBu us fdlkuksa dks nygu ,oa eksVs vuktksa ds lkFk dUn okyh Qlyksa dh fefJr ,oa vUrZ[ksrh djus gsrq fdlkuksa dks izksRlkfgr fd;k vkSj bl gsrq mUgksaus fdlkuksa ls ;g dgk fd vxj Qly [kjkc gksxh rks laxBu mldh HkjikbZ djsxkA blls Qly fofo/khdj.k dks c<+kok feyk rFkk e`nk moZjrk dks lajf{kr djus esa enn feyhA

izkjEHk eas jk;xnk ds 50 fdlkuksa us lwju dh [ksrh izkjEHk dhA fdlkuksa us [ksrh ds Ñf"k ikfjfLFkfrdh rjhds dk vuqlj.k fd;kA lwju dks yxkus ls igys dUn dks xk; ds xkscj] ew= ,oa VªkbdksMekZ ds feJ.k ls mipkfjr fd;k x;kA dUn yxkus rFkk tM+s fudyus ds ckn xM~<ks dks gjh ifRr;ksa ,oa lw[ks iqvky ls <d fn;k x;kA ;g ns[kk x;k fd efYpax djus ls u dsoy e`nk ueh lajf{kr gqbZ vkSj e`nk rkieku fu;af=r gqvk] oju~ [kj&irokj dh o`f) Hkh de gqbZA

bl iwjh izfØ;k ds nkSjku eksVs vuktksa dh ikjEifjd iztkfr;kas dks iquthZfor djus ij fo'ks"k /;ku dsfUnzr fd;k x;k D;ksafd {ks= esa jgus okys leqnk;ksa ds Hkkstu dk ;g ,d eq[; fgLlk FkkA vEek laxBu us mu fdlkuksa dks fo'ks"kdj c<+kok fn;k ftUgksaus ikjEifjd iztkfr;ksa dks c<+kus ds fy, muds chtksa dks lajf{kr fd;kA 5 o"kksZa ds vUnj {ks= esa dksnks ,oa lkaok dh [ksrh fQj ls gksus yxhA fdlku vc fofHkUu izdkj ds eksVs vuktksa tSls Vkaxqu] cktjk] daxuh] lkaok] izkslks] dksnks ,oa cku;ZkMZ dh fefJr [krsh cMh+ ek=k eas djus yxs gAaS

ljwu ds lkFk&lkFk fdlkukas us dlkok vkjS xt a h dh [ksrh djuh izkjEHk dj nhA dlkok dh [ksrh lw[kk ds nkSjku ifRr;ksa dh Nk;k ds uhps dh tk ldrh gS] mPp rkieku lguh; Qly gS vkSj fuEu Js.kh dh e`nk esa Hkh vadqj.k vPNh id z kj ls gkrsk gAS blh id z kj xt a h vEyh; fLFkfr;kas dks lgus okyh rFkk vpkud vkus okyh ck<+ ,oa e/; esa iM+us okys lw[kk dks lgdj Hkh vPNk mit ns ldrh gSA QksVks % vfHkthr eksgUrh

dlkok dUn dks fn[kkrh lqdjh ek>h

14 ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

eksVs vuktksa ds lkFk dlkok dh [ksrh dj fdlkuksa us 0-4 gsDVs;j [ksr esa 170 fdxzk eksVs vukt dk mRiknu fd;k] ftlls [ksrh ls gksus okyh vkenuh esa 10 izfr'kr dh o`f) gqbZA dlkok ds lkFk dkys lse dh [ksrh ls 0-4 gsDVs;j esa 140 fdxzk0 lse dh mit feyh] ftlls vkenuh esa 20 izfr'kr dh o`f) gqbZA blh izdkj tc dlkok ds lkFk eksVs vukt vkSj nygu nksuksa dh fefJr [ksrh dh x;h rks 0-4 gsDVs;j [ksr ls 110 fdxzk0 eksVs vukt rFkk 85 fdxzk nygu mRikfnr fd;k x;kA ifj.kker% vdsys dlkok dh rqyuk esa mit esa 20 izfr'kr dh o`f) ntZ dh x;hA ;s lHkh vUr% Qlysa dlkok ls igys dkV yh x;h ftlls dlkok dh mRikndrk ij Hkh dksbZ nq"izHkko ugha iM+kA

Bhd blh izdkj xath dks eDdk ds lkFk vUr% Qly ds :i esa yxkus ls fuf'pr rkSj ij dUn dh mit esa o`f) gqbZ] D;ksafd bl iz.kkyh esa eDdk u dsoy vf/kd mit nsrh gS] cfYd bldh lw[kh ifÙk;k¡ lM+dj e`nk dks tSfod [kkn Hkh miyC/k djkrh gSaA blh izdkj] xath ds lkFk puk dh vUr% [ksrh djus ls csgrj ifj.kke feyrk gSA bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd puk dh Qlysa okrkoj.k ls ukbVªkstu vo'kksf"kr dj e`nk dks nsrh gSaA lwju dh [ksrh djrs le; izkjfEHkd voLFkk esa ewax] mnZ] puk vkfn nyguh Qlysa vUr% Qly ds :i esa mxk;h x;haA mijksDr xfrfof/k;ksa ds ykHkdkjh ifj.kke ds :i esa e`nk LokLF; dk mUur gksuk rFkk mRikndrk esa LFkkbZRo mYys[kuh; gSaA e`nk esa tSfod ukbVªkstu fLFkjhdj.k ds lkFk gh tM+ksa rFkk ifÙk;ksa ds fxjus ls tSfod lkexzh dh ek=k Hkh c<+rh gSA xgjh tM+ksa dh [ksrh djus ls iks"kd rRo feV~Vh ds vUnj lekfgr gksrs gSa vkSj e`nk dh Åijh ijr <+ds jgus ls e`nk {kj.k Hkh ugha gksrk gS ftlls muesa ,d efgyk fdlku lksfcuh e`nqyh dk dguk gS& ^^fiNys o"kZ ekulwu cgqr nsj ls vk;k] ftlls /kku dh mit cgqr de gqbZA ysfdu gekjh dUn ,oa nyguh Qlyksa us gesa bl eqf'dy le; ls Hkh mckj fy;kA eSaus lwju] dlkok ,oa xath ds lkFk nygu ,oa eksVs vuktsa dh fefJr [ksrh dh vkSj eq>s 1-5 dqUry lwju] 0-70 dqUry dlkok ,oa 1 dqUry xath ds lkFk i;kZIr ek=k esa nygu ,oa eksVk vukt Hkh feykA gekjs ikl ifjokj ds fy, i;kZIr ek=k esa [kk| Hk.Mkj.k lqfuf'pr gS blds ckn Hkh 'ks"k mit dks cspdj geus :0 24]844@& dh vkenuh dh gSA blds vfrfjDr geus vius izlaLÑr ,oa ewY; laof/kZr dks LFkkuh; cktkj esa vPNs nkeksa ij cspkA bl rjg dh tkudkjh ,oa vko';d rduhdh lg;ksx iznku djus ds fy, vEek laxBu dks cgqr&cgqr /kU;oknA**

QksVks % vfHkthr eksgUrh

dlkok fpIl dks /kwi esa lq[kkrs gq,

lw{e tSfod rRoksa dk g~kl ugha gksrk gS vkSj rRoksa esa xq.koÙkkiw.kZ ifjorZu gksus ls mRikndrk cuh jgrh gSA e`nk ds HkkSfrd] jlk;fud ,oa tSfod eksVs vuktksa dks cgqr de ikuh dh vko';drk gksrh gS vkSj ,d fuf'pr lhek rd vEyh; ,oa {kkjh; e`nk] ueh dh deh] mPp rkieku rFkk fofHkUu izdkj dh feV~Vh tSls Hkkjh gks vFkok cyqbZ fdlh Hkh izdkj dh e`nk esa budh [ksrh dh tk ldrh gSA eksVs vuktksa ls [kk|] iks"k.k] pkjk] Qkbcj] LokLF; ,oa ifjfLFkfrdh dbZ rjg dk ykHk gksrk gSA

ewY; vfHko`f) ds ek/;e ls dUn okyh Qlyksa dk foi.ku c<+kuk dUn okyh Qlyksa dh [ksrh ls fdlkuksa dks csgrj vk; vtZu djkus ds mn~ns'; ls vEek laxBu us lwju] dlkok ,oa xath ds izlaLdj.k ,oa ewY; vfHko`f) ij fdlkuksa dkss izf'k{k.k iznku fd;kA ifj.kker% vc fdlku bu dUn okyh Qlyksa ls fofo/k izdkj ds ewY;o/kZd mRikn rS;kj dj mls Lo;a LFkkuh; cktkj esa cspdj vPNk equkQk dj jgs gaSA mnkgj.k ds fy,& dlkok fpIl] dlkok ikiM+ rS;kj dj fdlku csp jgs gSaA blh id z kj xath dh fpIl vkSj vkVk rS;kj fd;k tk jgk gSA

izHkko tks fn[k jgs igys fdlku flQZ ,dy [ksrh djrs Fks vkSj nsj ls ekulwu vkus ;k o"kkZ u gksus dh fLFkfr esa Qly dk uqdlku gks tkrk Fkk ftlls mUgsa twu] tqykbZ] vxLr] flrEcj ds eghuksa esa [kk| dh deh gksrh Fkh] D;ksafd ml le; mudh Qlysa [ksrksa esa jgrh FkhA bl vof/k ds nkSjku] fdlkuksa dks i;kZIr Hkkstu u feyus ds dkj.k os vke dh xqByh] beyh ds cht ,oa blh izdkj ds vU; cgqr ls lkekuksa dk mi;ksx djrs Fks] ftlls cgqr os tgjhys Hkkstu dk f'kdkj gks tkrs Fks ysfdu vc os dUn] nygu ,oa eksVs vuktksa dh [ksrh vUr% ,oa fefJr [ksrh iwjs o"kZ djrs gSaA bldk fo'ks"kdj efgykvksa ,oa cPpksa ds mij fo'ks"k o mYys[kuh; izHkko iM+k gS] D;ksafd vc mUgsa iwjs o"kZ iks"k.k ;qDr [kk| feyrk gSA {ks= esa o"kkZ vk/kkfjr [ksrh djus okyh cgqr ls lhekUr fdlkuksa dks dUn okyh Qlyksa ds izlaLdj.k ,oa ewY; loa/kZu ls fuf'pr rkSj ij vkthfodk miyC/k gqbZ gSA vc fdlku vius ewY; laof/kZr mRiknksa dk csgrj cktkj Hkko ik jgs gSaA leqfpr rjhds ls izlaLdj.k ,oa ewY; loa/kZu djrs gq, fdlku vc cps gq, lkekuksa dks yEcs le; rd Hk.Mkj.k djus esa l{ke gSaA bu lqjf{kr [kk|

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

15

lkefxz;ksa dk mi;ksx os [kk| ladV ds fnuksa esa djrs gSaA efgykvksa dh eksy&Hkko dh {kerk c<+h gS vkSj ?kjsyw vk; c<+kus esa muds ;ksxnku dks vc yksx ekuus yxs gSaA tSfod fuos'kksa dk mi;ksx djus] nyguh Qlyksa rFkk eksVs vuktksa dh vUr% [ksrh djrs gq, ,dhd`r dhV izcU/ku ds ek/;e ls u dsoy e`nk moZjrk lajf{kr gks jgh gS] oju~ fuf"Ø; tehuksa dks fQj ls moZj cuk;k tk jgk gSA fu%lUnsg dUn] nygus ,oa eksVs vukt ^^tyok;q LekVZ Qlysa^^ gSa] tks fo'ks"kdj m".k dfVcU/kh; ,oa mim".k dfVcU/kh; ns'kksa ds xjhc fdlkuksa dh vkthfodk ,oa iks"k.k dh n`f"V ls egRoiw.kZ gSaA ;s Qlysa u dsoy viz;qDr gS oju~ bu ij vHkh 'kks/k gks jgs gSaA bu viz;qDr Qlyksa dks leqfpr o i;kZIr lg;ksx nsdj eq[; Qlyksa dk ,d csgrj fodYi cuk;k tk ldrk gS ftlls [ksrksa dk yphykiu lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsxk vkSj blesa oSKkfudksa] 'kks/kkFkhZ ,oa ukxj lekt laxBuksa dh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gksxhA

16 ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

vkHkkj& bl ys[k dk fy[kus ds nkSjku feys rduhdh ,oa vU; eq[; lg;ksx gsrq ys[kd HkwriwoZ ofj"B dk;Zdze ,Mokbtj lsokfuo`Ùk funs'kd vkS|kfud] Hkqous'oj mM+hlk nscs'k izlkn ik/ks dk vkHkkj O;Dr djrs gSaA

¥çÖÁèÌ ×æðãU‹Ìè ¥»ý»æ×è ÖéßÙðàßÚU, ©UǸUèâæ -ÖæÚUÌ §ü×ðÜ Ñ abhijitmohanty10@yahoo.com âé×æÙè ÁæðçÎØæ ¥ŠØÿæ ¥ ×æ ⢻ÆUÙ ·¤æàæèÂéÚU, ©UǸUèâæ Valuing underutilised crops LEISA INDIA, Vol 18, No.2, June 2016

UÀUÌ ·¤è ÎèßæÚUæð´ ÂÚU ÚUÌæÜê ·¤è æðÌè ææßÙæ çƒæç×ÚðU, ÚUæÁèß ÉUæ·¤æÜ, ÚUæðàæÙ ÂéÎæâñÙè, ÚU¿Ùæ Îðß·¤æðÅUæ °ß¢ ÂàæéÂçÌ ¿æñÏÚUè viuh cgqr lh ikSf"Vd [kwfc;ksa ds ckotwn jrkyw vHkh Hkh misf{kr ,oa viz;qDr gSA jrkyw ij jk'V~zh; “kks/k ,oa izlkj dk;Zdzeksa dh vuqifLFkfr esa] ykbZcMZ us usiky esa psikax leqnk;ksa ds lkFk Nr dh nhokjksa ij jrkyw dh [ksrh dks izksRlkfgr djus dh vuwBh igy dh gSA frCcrh&cehZt ifjokj ls lEc) j[kus okyk psikax ,d ikjEifjd leqnk; gS] tks e/; ,oa if”peh usiky ds igkM+h {ks=ksa esa fuokl djrk gSA psikax leqnk; ds yksx cgqr gn rd [kkukcnks”k dh thou thrs gSa vkSj cgqr cM+s iSekus ij [kk| vlqj{kk dk lkeuk djrs gSaA os eq[;r% ^^[ksrh djks vkSj tykvks** rduhd ds ek/;e ls <kywnkj tehu ds NksVs&NksVs VqdM+ksa ij eDdk ,oa eksVs vuktksa dh [ksrh djrs gSaA bl leqnk; ds vf/kdka”k yksxksa us gky ds dqN o"kksZa ls Nr dh nhokjksa ij jrkyw dh [ksrh LFkkbZ rkSj ls djuk izkjEHk dj fn;k gS] ysfdu ^^[ksrh djks ,oa tykvks** i)fr vHkh Hkh vfLrRo esa gSA ,sfrgkfld rkSj ls] psikax yksxksa dh fuHkZjrk taxyh jrkyw ,oa vU; nwljs ikS/ks tSls fpmjh] dQky] fxFkk vkfn Qyksa dks taxy ls bdV~Bk djus ds mij gSA pwafd mUgsa flQZ 6 ekg gh i;kZIr ek=k esa Hkkstu dh miyC/krk gks ikrh gSA vr% “ks"k le; esa os eNyh ekjus o f”kdkj djus dk dke djrs gSaA blds lkFk gh Hkkstu dh vuqiyC/krk okys eghuksa esa taxy ls Hkkstu ,d= djus dk Hkh dke djrs gSaA jrkyw psikax leqnk; ds fy, u flQZ [kk| lqj{kk ds lUnHkZ es psikax leqnk; ds fy, egRoiw.kZ gS] oju~ ;g mudh ijEijk ,oa laLd`fr ds fy, Hkh egRo j[krk gSA iqjkus tekus ls gh jrkyw ,oa psikax leqnk; dk vkil esa xgjk fj”rk gSA usiky ds /kkfnax ftys esa fd;s x;s ,d v/;;u esa dgk x;k gS fd jrkyw dh 13 esa ls 10 iztkfr;ka bl ftys esa ikbZ tkrh gSa] ftuesa ls 9 iztkfr;ksa

cktkj ds fy, rS;kj mRikn

dk mi;ksx [kkus ds :i esa fd;k tkrk gS vkSj ,d dk mi;ksx lkcqu ds rkSj ij gksrk gSA jrkyw dk [kkl mi;ksx djus ds ukrs gh psikax ds yksxksa dks jrkyw dh igpku] mldk izlaLdj.k rFkk miHkksx ds fo"k; esa O;kid tkudkfj;ka gSaA dbZ ikSf"Vd ykHk gksus ds ckotwn jrkyw vHkh Hkh misf{kr ,oa viz;qDr iztkfr;ksa dh Js.kh esa cuh gqbZ gSA jk"Vªh; Lrj ij jrkyw ij dksbZ Hkh “kks/k vFkok izlkj dk;Zdze usiky psikax ,lksfl;s”ku (,ulh,) dh ,d fjiksVZ crkrh gS fd 71 izfr”kr cPps dqiksf"kr gSaA usiky dh taxyh jrkyw fo"kSyh ugha gksrh gS vkSj mPp iks"kd ewY;ksa ds dkj.k bls ^^LokLF;@dk;kZRed Hkkstu** ds :i eas ekU;rk izkIr gSA bl rjg ds leqnk;ksa ds fy, fo”ks"kdj mu fnuksa esa tc i;kZIr ek=k esa Hkkstu ugha feyrk gS] LVkpZ ls Hkjiwj jrkyw Hkkstu vkSj dkcksZgkbMsªV dk eq[; lzksr gksrk gSA jrkyw dh dqN iztkfr;ksa esa rks vkyw ,oa xath dh rqyuk esa ikap xquk vf/kd izksVhu gksrk gSA jrkyw Hkkstu esa ik;s tkus okys cgqr ls [kfutksa dh iwfrZ Hkh djrk gSA jrkyw dks uwMYl o czsM ds lkFk fefJr fd;k tk ldrk gS] ftlls bldk iks"k.k ewY; vkSj Hkh c<+ tkrk gS] ftlls cPpksa esa dqiks"k.k dks nwj djus esa lgk;rk feyrh gSA

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

17

cgqr ls yksx eq[;r% gfjcks/kuh ,dkn”kh rFkk ek?k ladzkfUr ds fnu /kkfeZd ioZ ij [kkus ds fy, jrkyw dh [ksrh djrs gSaA gfjcks/kuh ,dkn”kh esa] yksxksa dk ;g fo”okl gS fd tksrs x;s [ksr ds Qly dks ugha [kkuk pkfg,A blh izdkj usikyh dys.Mj ds vuqlkj ikS/k ekg ds vkf[kjh fnu idk;s gq, jrkyw dks ek?k ds igys fnuk [kkus dh ijEijk gSA usiky ds vU; tkrh; lewgksa esa ;s ijEijk,a leku gSaA ;s leqnk; jrkyw dk vpkj cukdj [kkrs gSaA jrkyw dk ewY; lao/kZu djrs gq, blls ^elk;qjk* cukrs gSa ftls mckydj] idkdj ;k rydj mi;ksx esa ykrs gSaA ySVd xk¡o esa cksjs esa jrkyw dh [ksrh dk izn'kZu

ugha fd;k x;k gSA bl Qly ds misf{kr gksus ds dkj.kksa esa jksikbZ ,oa [kqnkbZ ds fy, Je dk ladV] dbZ Qlyksa dh [ksrh dk vHkko] Qy dh vof/k de le; dh gksuk rFkk mi;ksx ds ckn cps mit ds fy, cktkj dk vHkko izeq[k rkSj ij lkeus vkrs gSaA bu lcls mij] i;kZIr ek=k esa xq.koÙkkiw.kZ jksi.k lkexzh ds u feyus ds dkj.k yksx igys dh vis{kk vc bldh [ksrh esa de :fp j[k jgs gSaA uokpkj psikax yksxksa us vHkh dqN ihf<+;ksa igys gh LFkkfir rkSj ij [ksrh djuh izkjEHk dh gSA ;gka rd fd vkt os Nrksa ,oa Nr dh nhokjksa dks Hkh [kkyh ugha NksM+rs gSaA dqN Nrksa ij rks 40 izfr”kr rd tehu gksrh gS] ftu ij izkd`frd :i ls pkjk mxk jgrk gSA b.Vjus”kuy Msoyies.V fjlpZ ls.Vj rFkk Xykscy vQs;lZ dukMk ds foRrh; lg;ksx ls yksdy buhf”k;sfVo Qkj ck;ksMkboflZVh] fjlpZ ,.M Msoyies.V ¼,yvkbZ&chvkbZvkjMh½ us xq,YQ ,oa duSfM;u esUuksukbV fo”ofo|ky; ds fo}kuksa ds lkFk lk>snkjh dj Nrksa dh catj o [kkyh iM+h nhokjksa rFkk vU; tehuksa dk mi;ksx [ksrh ds fy, djus gsrq igy djuk izkjEHk dj fn;kA ;s tehusa ,slh Fkha] tgka igys vukt mRiknu cgqr gh de fd;k tkrk FkkA ifj;kstuk ds ek/;e ls yksxksa dks Nrksa dh nhokjksa dks lgkjs ^^cksjksa esa jrkyw dh [ksrh** dh ljy rduhd ls ifjfpr djk;k x;kA bl rduhd esa cksjksa esa feV~Vh Hkjdj mlesa jrkyw ds ikS/kksa dh jksikbZ dj mit ysuk vklku gks x;kA lkFk gh cksjksa esa jrkyw dh [ksrh djus ls e`nk {kj.k vFkok nhokj fxjus dks de esa Hkh lgk;rk feyhA cksjksa dks Nr dh nhokjksa ij j[k fn;k tkrk gSA [kqnkbZ ds le; cksjksa dks dkVdj vFkok QkM+dj dan

18 ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v|

fudky fy;k tkrk gSA bl rjhds ls fdlku jrkyw dh [ksrh O;olkf;d Lrj ij Hkh dj ldrs gSaA psikax yksxksa us ;e dh [ksrh ds fy, vius ikjEifjd i)fr dks viuk;kA blds rgr~ mUgksaus Nr ds fdukjksa vFkok nhokjksa ij ,d ehVj xgjkbZ vkSj pkSM+kbZ ds x<~<s [kksndj igys mlesa i;kZIr ek=k esa ns”kh [kkn Mkyh vkSj fQj x<~<s esa jrkyw dUn ds fljs dh jksikbZ dhA fdlkuksa us ik;k fd Nr dh nhokjksa ds dksuksa dh rqyuk esa fdukjksa ij jrkyw dh jksikbZ ,oa [kqnkbZ djuk T;knk vklku gSA os lkekU;r% ek?k laØkfUr ls igys jrkyw dh [kqnkbZ dj ysrs gSaA [kkSfj;k ds :i esa izpfyr os tehusa tgka [ksrh dj tyk nh x;h Fkh] ogka ij Hkh jrkyw dh [krsh dh x;hA cktkj dh laHkkouk rFkk voljksa ds mij fdlkuksa ds chp tkudkjh c<+us ls jrkyw dh [ksrh c<+h gSA gkykafd fdlku gkf”k;s okyh [ksrh vkSj Nr dh tehu nksuksa ij cgqr de iz;klksa ds lkFk jrkyw dh [ksrh ds fy, fofHkUu rjhds viuk jgs gSaA

foi.ku tc ;gka dk lcls utnhdh cktkj eqxfyu Fkk] ml le; bl leqnk; ds flQZ 25 izfr”kr yksx gh vius mRiknksa dks cspus esa l{ke FksA yksxksa ds vUnj bl ckr dks ysdj fuf”prrk ugha Fkh fd muds [ksr ls fudyh lHkh lfCt+;k cktkj esa fcd gh tk;saxhA tc rd utnhd ds dLcs fQ”kfyax esa lCth laxzg dsUnz ugha LFkkfir gq, rc rd dsoy Qy tSls dsyk gh ns”k dh jkt/kkuh dkBek.Mw] dkyhekVh vkfn txgksa dks Hkstk tkrk FkkA fQ”kfyax (eqxfyu ls 13 fdeh0 nwj) eqxfyu&dkBek.Mw gkbos ds vkl&ikl clus okys cgqr ls xkaoksa dk taD”ku fcUnq gS] tgka vc fofHkUu ftyksa ds xzke fodkl lfefr;ksa }kjk mRikfnr lfCt+;ksa dk

dh [ksrh djus ds bl uohu rjhds us cgqr ls yksxksa dks jrkyw dh [ksrh djus gsrq mRiszfjr fd;k vkSj vkl&ikl ds cgqr ls xk¡oksa ds fdlku bls viuk jgs gSaA

jrkyw yxkus ds fy, cksjs dh rS;kjh

,d=hdj.k gksrk gSA fQ”kfyax ds ,d=hdj.k dsUnz esa lfCt+;kas dk Hk.Mkj.k gksrk gS vkSj fQj ogka ls fofHkUu cM+s&cM+s “kgjksa eq[;r% dkyhekVh lCth [kjhn ,oa fcØh dsUnz (yxHkx 100 fdeh0 nwj)] ujk;ux<+ (yxHkx 50 fdeh0)] HkSjgok (yxHkx 170 fdeh0) vkSj iks[kjk (yxHkx 103 fdeh0) esa foi.ku gsrq Hkstk tkrk gSA lfCt+;ksa ds lkFk jrkyw Hkh ,d cM+k mRikn gS] ftldk foi.ku bl J`a[kyk ds ek/;e ls fd;k tkrk gSA psikax leqnk; ds fdlkuksa lfgr vkl&ikl ds xzke fodkl lfefr;ksa ds fdlku bl volj dk ykHk mBkrs gq, jrkyw dh [ksrh djus vkSj mls ,df=r djus dk dke dj jgs gSaA fQ”kfyax eas jrkyw cspus okys fdlkuksa dh la[;k esa fujUrj o`f) gks jgh gSA xksj[kk esa HkwYehpkSd xzke fodkl lfefr dh fuokfluh ,d efgyk fdlku izfr ikS/k ls vkSlru 3 fdxzk0 jrkyw ys jgh gSA fiNys nks o"kksZa ls blus jrkyw dk mRiknu ,oa foi.ku cM+s iSekus ij izkjEHk dj fn;k gSA budk dguk gS fd tc ge jrkyw dh [ksrh esa 1400 usikyh :i;k yxkrs gSa rks ,d dqUry jrkyw dk mRiknu gksrk gS vkSj ge 50000 ls 70000 usikyh :i;k dekrs gSaA og efgyk fdlku cM+h izlUurk ls crkrh gS fd mlds f”kf{kr csVksa ,oa iq=o/kw lfgr ifjokj ds lHkh lnL; jrkyw dh [ksrh esa mldh enn djrs gSaA

blds lkFk gh bl uohu i)fr ls tksxhekjk] xksj[kk] fprou ,oa vkl&ikl ds vU; {ks=ksa esa frjNh <yku okys [ksrksa ls HkwL[kyu dks de djus esa Hkh O;kid lgk;rk feyh gSA ifj.kker% [ksrh ds Åij tyok;q ifjorZu ds iM+us okys izHkko ,oa muls mRiUu tksf[ke de gq, gSa vkSj [ksrh iz.kkyh esa LFkkbZRo vk;k gSA var esa] ;g dguk Hkh egRoiw.kZ gksxk fd blls psikax leqnk;ksa dh [kk| lqj{kk ,oa LFkkbZ vkthfodk lqfuf”pr gqbZ gS vkSj vc o"kZ ds dfBu fnuksa esa Hkh mUgsa o muds ifjokj dks i;kZIr ek=k esa Hkkstu o iks"k.k feyus yxk gSA

lUnHkZ 1- Hk.Mkjh] ,e-vkj-] Vdkuksjh dlkbZ ,oa tqu dokckVk] taxyh jrkyw dk iks"k.k ewY;kadu ¼fMLdksfj;k ,lihih½ usiky ds dUn] 2003] QwM dsesLVªh] 82 (4)] 619&623 ist 2- lh-ch-,l- 2011] usiky dk tula[;k eksuksxzkQ] dkBek.Mw] usiky 3- fyEcw] ih- ,o ads- Fkkik] psikax [kk| laLd`fr % foyqIr ,oa misf{kr taxyh ikS/k iztkfr;ksa dk ;ksxnku] 2011] ykbZcMZ] iks[kjk] usiky 4- “kekZ] ,y-,u- ,oa vkj- cLVdksVh] e/; usiky ds /kkfnax ftys esa psikax leqnk;ksa esa [kk| ewY;ksa ij tksj nsus ds lkFk fMLdksfj;k ,y- dh yksdokuLifr] 2009] cksVksfudk vksfj,.VYl & tuZy vkQ Iyk.V lkbUlst] 6%12&17 ist 5- Fkkik] vkj-ch-] usiky ds taxyksa ls ou vk/kkfjr ifjokjksa dh [kk| ,oa iks"k.k lqj{kk ij ,d v?;;u fjiksVZ] 2013] iqutZkxj.k lekt] usiky] cYddksV] HkDrkiqj]

nwj&nwj rd foLrkj okLro esa cksjs esa jrkyw dh [ksrh dh rduhd dk ijh{k.k /kkfnax xzke fodkl lfefr ds tksxhekjk ds ySVd ,oa vgy rFkk dkLdh ds e>Fkkuk ds ikVys esa fd;k x;kA tksxhekjk] HkwYehpkSd ,oa dkSys ds vf/kdka”k psikax ifjokjksa ds chp fj”rsnkfj;ka gksus ds dkj.k bl rduhd dk gLrkUrj.k vklkuh ls tksxhekjk ls nwljs LFkkuksa rd gqvk vkSj bls xSj psikax leqnk;ksa us Hkh viuk;kA jrkyw

ææßÙæ çƒæç×ÚðU ÂçÚUØæðÁÙæ ¥çÏ·¤æÚUè Üæ§üÕÇüU »ñÚUæÂÅUÙ, Âæð¹ÚUæ, ·¤æS·¤è, »‡ÇU·¤è, ÙðÂæÜ ßðÕâæ§üÅU Ñ www.libird.org §ü×ðÜ Ñ bhawana.ghimire@libird.org Valuing underutilized crops LEISA INDIA, Vol 18, No.2, June 2016

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v| 19

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UÁÜ-Á×æß ÿæð˜æ ×ð´ ©U“æ Üæð ÅUÙÜ ÂæÜè ãUæ©Uâ ×ð´ ÙâüÚUè âð ¥æØ ¥ÁüÙ ¥ÁØ ·é¤×æÚU çâ¢ãU xksj[kiqj ds taxy f[kjofu;k esa jgus okys 47 o"khZ; Jh dEckst dqekj ds ikl 2 ,dM+ [ksrh gSA d{kk nloha rd dh f'k{kk izkIr dEckst vius 6 lnL;h; ifjokj dk isV ikyus ds fy, [ksrh djrs gSaA lkFk gh [ksrh ls izkIr mit dks cspus gsrq lCt+h dh nqdku Hkh yxkrs gSaA yks Vuy ikyh gkml }kjk ulZjh mxkus dh fof/k dkQh iqjkuh gSA oSls rks fdlku fcuk ekSle ds lfCt+;ksa dh ulZjh rS;kj djrs jgs gSa] ijUrq egsok ds fdlku Jh dEckst dqekj us mPp yks Vuy ikyh gkml dk mi;ksx dj lfCt+;ksa dh ulZjh ml {ks= esa rS;kj dh] tgka ty&teko ds dkj.k fdlku flQZ ,d Qly jch gh ys ikrs FksA cgqr ckj rks [ksr dh ueh lw[kus esa jch dh cqokbZ dk lhtu Hkh fudy tkrk Fkk vkSj ysV cqokbZ djus ds dkj.k mit izHkkfor gksrh FkhA vr% bu lc ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, bl {ks= ds vf/kdka”k fdlku lfCt+;ksa dh [ksrh djrs Fks vkSj bl gsrq ikS/k dh [kjhn cktkj ls djrs FksA xksj[kiqj ,Uok;jUes.Vy ,D”ku xzqi ds lEidZ esa vkus ij dEckst us mPp yks Vuy ikyh gkml rduhd ds ckjs esa tkudkjh izkIr dh vkSj vius [ksr ds mPp LFkkuksa dk p;u djds bl fof/k ls ulZjh mxkus esa l{ke jgsA dEckst ds vuqlkj & igys mUgsa cktkj ls lfCt+;ksa ds ikS/k [kjhnus iM+rs Fks] ftldh xq.koÙkk Hkh cgqr fo”oluh; ugha gksrh

Fkh vkSj le; ls ikS/k miyC/k Hkh ugha gks ikrs FksA vr% ges”kk gh lfCt+;ksa ds ikS/k yxkus esa nsjh gks tkrh FkhA fcYkEc ls ikS/k jksius esa vkSlru 30 fMlhey esa 8000-00 :Ik;s dk udqlku gksrk Fkk] ijUrq vc mPp yks Vuy ikyh gkml yxkdj mlh 30 fMlhey esa dqy 6000-00 :0 dh lfCt+;ka izkIr gqbZA izkIr vkenuh esa ls mPp yks Vuy ikyh gkml dh dqy ykxr :0 2500-00 fudkyus ds ckn Hkh “kq) ykHk :0 3500-00 gqvkA vkt dEckst vius [ksr esa xksHkh] ikyd] fHk.Mh] ykSdh] cksM+k] esFkh] eVj] ewyh] usuqvk] rjksbZ] /kfu;k] xsgw¡] ljlksa ,oa vkyw dh lfCt+;ksa dh [ksrh eq[; Qly ds rkSj ij djrs gq, [ksrh dks ykHkizn cuk jgs gSaA vkt dEckst bl izdkj dh ulZjh }kjk dqy 10 izdkj dh lfCt+;ksa dh ulZjh yxk vius [ksr esa rks lfCt+;ksa ds ikS/kksa dh jksikbZ le; ls dj gh jgs gSa lkFk gh lkFk vkl ikl ds vU; fdlkuksa dks ikS/ks csp Hkh jgs gSaA dEckst vke fdlkuksa dks bl fof/k ls [ksrh djus ds fy, izsfjr Hkh dj jgs gSaA orZeku esa bl rjg dh rduhd dks 10 fdlkuksa }kjk viuk;k tk jgk gSA dEckst }kjk fd;s tk jgs bl iz;kl dks foLrkj nsus ds Øe esa budk tqM+ko nwjn'kZu ,oa lekpkj i=ksa ls l?ku :i ls gqvk gS vkSj xzke Lrj ij rFkk vU; LFkkuksa ij Hkh ;g vius vuqHkoksa dks crkus gsrq lanHkZ O;fDr ds rkSj ij tkrs gSaA ¥ÁØ ·é¤×æÚU çâ¢ãU ÂçÚUØæðÁÙæ â׋ßØ·¤ »æðÚU æÂéÚU °ÙßæØÚU‹×ð‹ÅUÜ °€àæÙ »ýé ÂæðSÅU Õæ€â Ù¢0- {®, »æðÚU¹ÂéÚU-w|x®®v §ü×ðÜ Ñ mahewa@geagindia.org

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