RECOVER international n. 38

Poste Italiane Spa - Sped. in a.p. - D. L. 353/2003 cov. in L. 46/2004, art1, c1 - CB-NO/Torino - ISSN 2421-2938 DEA edizioni s.a.s. Corso Tassoni 79/4 - 10143 Torino - Anno 10 Supplemento 1 al n. 38

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was the year of redemption for samoter in verona, where many brands decided to present their latest products at the fair

How requalification of former industrial areas should represent the future of our cities as well as a challenge for improving common spaces and creating development

Reused wastewater: a leading green-economy market and a valuable resource in a world where water reserves are limited and demand is growing

SUPPLEMENT

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C O RECOVER international I Semester – March 2017 Supplement 1 Issue 38 www.recoverweb.it

Contents NEWS 4 Reused wastewater: a leading market in the green economy

Alberto Marenco

Industrial wasteland, brownfield, abandoned industrial sites, national interested sites, paraboloids... call them as you prefer, but just let’s redevelop them Alberto Marenco

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Earth-moving machinery innovations at samoter 18 Laura Veneri

From the area surrounding bergamo to the middle east for elts’ processing Maria Beatrice Celino

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Like a movie 24 Laura Veneri

Beyond solar eclipse 28 Laura Veneri

FOCUS 30 EVENTS 32

O N T E N T S A specially-made system for grinding end-of-life tyres: from the area surrounding Bergamo to the Middle East

In recent years, renewable energies have recorded bad times in Italy, but photovoltaic systems show positive signs, and there is even a boom at world level

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28 Demolition of a former industrial plant with special guests: demolition attachments

24 Translations: Technolingo S.A. - C.so Matteotti, 21 I-10121 Torino email: progetti@technolingo.eu Subscriptions: Italy € 40,00/year - Abroad € 75,00/year Single copy € 12,00 - Back issues € 14,00/each For subscriptions, email your request to: info@deaedizioni.it

Year 10 - Supplement 1 - Issue 38 - March 2017 Editor in Chief: Massimo Viarenghi Commercial Manager: Maria Beatrice Celino Editorial Coordination: Maeva Brunero Bronzin

Liability: the duplication of illustrations and articles published by the magazine is confidential and cannot occur without express authorization by the Publisher. Texts and pictures sent to the editorial staff will not be returned, even if not published, and the Publisher does not assume liability in the case of unique specimens. The Publisher does not assume liability in cases of possible mistakes contained in the articles published or of mistakes made when delivering them on the magazine.

Staff: Maria Beatrice Celino, Alberto Marenco, Laura Veneri Technical Review Committee: Maria Rosaria Boni (Sapienza University of Rome) Daniele Cazzuffi (Cesi spa) Laura D’Aprile (Ministry of Environment) Ennio Forte (University of Naples) Luciano Morselli (University of Bologna) Andrea Quaranta (Environmental Legal Expert) Gian Luigi Soldi (Metropolitan City of Turin) Federico Vagliasindi (University of Catania) Maria Chiara Zanetti (Polytechnic University of Turin)

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Art direction and Design: Roberto Fatiga - email: grafica.advespa@gmail.com Publishing: Pixarprinting SpA, a Cimpress Company - via 1° Maggio 8 Quarto d’Altino (VE)

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NEWS WASTE MATERIAL DISPOSAL: STARTUPS JOIN THE FRAY TO SAFEGUARD SEAS AND OCEANS According to a report written by the World Economic Forum, about 8 million tons of plastic material end up in water. More than 150 million tons of plastics cross the seas all over the world, and for this reason Wwf and Bulgari made the decision to cooperate with Impact Hub Milano (the business incubator focused on social and environmental innovation) in order to give life to an initiative promoting all startups involved in the recovery of waste from the sea and capable of applying social innovation and entrepreneurship to salty water safeguard and sustainability.

The first Italian contest for innovation projects on this topic, Fellowship on Ocean Cleanup, aims at reducing the impact of waste and offshore, coastal and underwater pollution of salty water. The goal of this programme is the identification of new solutions aimed at collecting and reusing the waste material that presently pollutes seas and oceans, finding a true ‘second life’ in the luxury world, especially in the visual merchandising packaging and materials. In particular, the projects should be able to impact the following areas: decrease the introduction of materials into water, material recycling, collection and storage, transformation into new raw materials, and reuse of waste materials.

“We are an integral part of the marine ecosystem, and our health is closely related to its condition. That is why it is imperative to plan all our activities carefully.

And that is why Wwf always pushes all the economic initiatives that move in this direction, along with the innovative mechanisms that can make them grow in a sustainable way. These are crucial steps to ensure that Blue Economy becomes an opportunity and

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above all a concrete process,” Giuseppe Di Carlo (Director of Wwf Mediterranean Marine Initiative) says.

Startups can submit their proposals until 18 June.

On 19 June, the selection of up to six young companies that will enter the business model development phase, which includes a two-month pre-acceleration path, will finally start.

FRANCE: MACRON GIVES HOPES TO ECOLOGISTS Combating climate change, respecting Paris commitments, ecological transition. In the few minutes of his first speech as President of the French Republic, Emmanuel Macron strikes the right chords of environmentalists. Among the most relevant points, the closure of coal-fired power stations by 2023, the reshuffling of nuclear power by 2050, no new permission for hydrocarbon exploration.

On the other hand, Macron is now the leader of the country that hosted the signing of the recent climate agreements occurred in Paris, and in t his respect France plays a major role. Moreover, he also enjoys the support of a true ecologist, Daniel Cohn-Bendit.

As for nuclear power, there is an actual commitment to reduce its amount by 2025, from 75% of production to 50%. This is a key aspect in a country where nuclear power is still so crucial, even if the power stations spread on the territory start to show some signs of age.

However, Greenpeace France is less enthusiastic and splits the hairs of Macron’s programme. In fact, in terms of energy transition, the announced reduction of 50% of the nuclear amount by 2025 “does nothing but respect the law passed in 2015”. It also believes the program for renewable energy to be poorly ambitious, and the announced stop of new permissions for hydrocarbon explorations to be practically ineffective (“in order be consistent with the objectives set out in Paris, Macron should revoke all

development associated with resource efficiency policies - the Minister explained - would compensate for the short-term economic costs of the climate actions and would contribute to reducing emissions by around 60% globally with respect to current trends and by 85% in the countries of G7 by 2050 compared with 2015 levels. The efficiency in resource use - Galletti added - is one of the cornerstones of the transition from a linear economy to a circular economy, which is essential for the sustainable development and respect of the Paris Agreement.”

permissions already granted to oil companies, both ashore and offshore”).

Macron must now pass from words to facts. The first test will be the G7 in Taormina. Macron and Trump will participate together in this summit as new leaders of their respective countries. This meeting represents a key turning point for environmentalists who expect a real boost to the Paris agreement and Macron could play a fundamental role in this respect.

ENVIRONMENT G7 2017

FOOD PACKAGING: A BUDGET OF 4 MILLION EUROS FOR THE NEW EUROPEAN PROJECT BIOBARR

On June 11 and 12, in Bologna, an ‘environment G7’ will take place, dedicated to sustainable development. Directly from the heart of Emilia Romagna, it is expected to promote best practices for energy efficiency, and be able to structure a real five-year working plan on the various environmental issues considered as a priority.

Bio-on bioplastics will be the focus of a new European project called BioBarr. Counting on a budget of about 4 million euros, it aims at producing new sustainable and biodegradable materials in the next years, especially for the food packaging sector. In detail, the BioBarr project will start on 1 June 2017 with the aid of a funding of 3,784,375 euros received

by Bio-Based Industries Public-Private Partnership within the Research and Development Programme Horizon 2020 launched by the European Commission.

Bio-on, quoted on the Italian stock exchange, is the main scientific partner of BioBarr and will use a contribution of 800,000 euros from the EU grant to produce, develop and demonstrate its PHAs films as per requirements of the research project. The researchers aim at developing new biological and biodegradable materials for food packaging, improving and enhancing their barrier function, and increasing the related applications in real operating spaces within food industries.

The research and development activities of the project will particularly focus the attention on the biopolymers PHAs (polyhydroxyalkanoates) obtai-

On the occasion of the ‘International workshop on resource efficiency’ held in Rome and organised by Confindustria and Global Business Coalition within the so-called ‘B7’, i.e. the business summit that saw the seven global poker involved, the Minister of the Environment Gian Luca Galletti identified some common topics, all focused on resource efficiency.

Namely, the indicators for measuring the resource efficiency, the bond with the climate change, the international resource and material recycling, the economic analysis of an efficient resource use, in addition to social dimension, citizen involvement and public awareness, food waste, plastics and green public procurement, product policies for durability.

Three companies and two universities representative of each country will participate in the Environment G7 to discuss topics such as circular economy and innovation. Galletti also added some details on the event: “We want to reaffirm our commitment in voluntarily promoting further efforts to improve the efficiency and sustainability in the use of resources.

We need to separate growth from consumption - he said - thus doing more by using less. The economic

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NEWS ned by means of the Bio-on technology. Due to their high thermomechanical performance and rheological properties, ductility and aesthetic features, these biopolymers have no equivalents on the market.

The PHAs-based bioplastics developed by Bio-on are obtained from renewable plant sources without competition with food chains, and ensure the same thermomechanical properties as traditional plastics, providing advantages in terms of eco-sustainability and completely natural biodegradability at ambient temperature.

RESETTLEMENT PLANS OF DEGRADED SUBURBS In March 2017, Italy’s Prime Minister Gentiloni and the Mayors of 24 cities signed a Memorandum of Understanding for the ‘Piani di rilancio delle periferie degradate delle grandi città’ (Resettlement Plans of Degraded Suburbs in Large Cities ). The total investments (including public and private co-financing) for this first part of 24 projects plus 500 million from the public sector are estimated to be 1.1 billion euros. Other 1.6 billion euros have been promised by the Government under the 2017 Budget Law. State resources available for the 2016 Suburbs Plan are the most significant figure ever made available by the state for urban programs. In addition, for the first time, projects contain both the building part (schools, squares, parks, sustainable mobility, public housing) and innovative interventions for ‘social inclusion’.

Projects (Article 4 of the call for proposals) could cover building interventions such as maintenance and accommodation of public areas and existing building structures, sustainable mobility or infrastructures for social and cultural services, education and teaching, as well as projects to increase security and enhance urban-scale services, “for social inclusion and implementation of new urban welfare models.”

As for the second portion of funds for suburbs, equivalent to 1.6 billion euros, on May 16th the Secretary of the Council of Ministers, Maria Elena Boschi, when visiting Bologna where she met some Parliament Members of the commission who deals with suburbs, declared “I believe that the second part of money will be allocated by the end of this month.

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The idea of investing in suburbs also derives from the will of extending the concept of safety in a different way, since there is a need to provide resources for investment in education, culture and education.”

FIRST “ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES CONFERENCE” ACCOMPANIES IFAT INDIA 2017 IN MUMBAI Between September 26 and 28, 2017, IFAT India will again be bringing together all the market partners from the Indian environmental sector in the Bombay Exhibition Centre in Mumbai. Among the companies exhibiting at the 2017 edition are Indian as well as international key players such as Andritz Group, Aqseptence Group, CRI Pumps, Endress+Hauser India, Excel Industries, Kilburn, LG Chem, Tata Projects and Xylem.

The fifth edition of India´s leading trade fair for environmental technologies is supported by the Energy and Resources Institute TERI. The Indian think tank and IFAT India are organizing a high-caliber conference in order to promote environmental protection in India. The Environmental Technologies Conference by TERI – powered by IFAT India accompanies the exhibition on September 26 and 27 in Mumbai. The program covers the classical IFAT India themes of water, waste water, refuse and recycling, and takes into particular account the aspect of sustainability.

With its products and solutions, IFAT India addresses the Indian market in particular. A total of 143 exhibitors and 5,187 visitors took part in the last edition of IFAT India. Spread over 6,100 square meters – a 23 percent increase in space compared with the previous year – 2016 was the biggest IFAT India trade fair so far.

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REUSED WASTEWATER: A LEADING MARKET IN THE GREEN ECONOMY Guy Ryder, Chair of UN-Water and Director-General of the International Labour Organization: “Wastewater is a valuable resource in a world where water is finite and demand is growing” Alberto Marenco

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he United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) argues that “in order to be green, economy must not only be efficient, but also fair. Fairness implies recognizing global and country level equity dimensions, particularly in assuring a just transition to an economy that is low-carbon, resource-efficient, and socially inclusive”. After Rio+20 (United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development), UNEP felt the need to update the Green Economy Initiative (GEI), started in 2008, in particular by strengthening the notion of ecological thresholds and better integrating the concern on equity and

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inclusiveness. Therefore during the UN General Assembly 2015, UNEP published “An inclusive green economy: a summary for leaders”, in which concepts such as “sharing, circularity, collaboration, solidarity, resilience, opportunity and interdependence” are highlighted.

An Inclusive green economy is an alternative to current dominant economic model, which generates widespread environmental and health risks, encourages wasteful consumption and production, drives ecological and resource poorness, and results in inequality. It is an opportunity to advance both sustainability and social equity as a function of a stable

and prosperous financial system within the borders of a finite and fragile planet.

This pathway aims at achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, eradicating poverty while safeguarding the ecological thresholds, which underpin human health, well-being and development. Over the past decade, the concept of the green economy emerged as a strategic priority for many governments and intergovernmental organizations. All told, 65 countries started to travel a path towards an Inclusive green economy and related strategies. By transforming their economies into drivers of sustainability, they will be primed to take on the major

challenges of the twenty-first century from urbanization and resource scarcity to climate change and economic volatility.

GREEN ECONOMY TODAY, ERIK SOLHEIM’S OPINION

Regarding the present situation of the green economy market, Erik Solheim, currently Executive Director of UNEP, gave an interview to the Italian daily newspaper La Repubblica in which he declared that “the conversion to green economy is a trend driven by requirements that cannot be ignored: stem the damage from pollution and avert runaway climate change. They are widespread demands that have already mobilized significant financial resources. It is a process that you cannot stop”. On the fact that Trump could slow this process towards the green economy, he said that “United States is a very rich and complex country. There is a large cartel of institutions and economic forces determined to continue the race towards the green economy so as not to lose economic positions on the international stage. California has announced that, whether at the federal level the funds allocated to this function were taken off, it would be ready to send satellites into space to measure environmental values. Companies such as Microsoft, Apple, Tesla, Google confirm that they will continue to invest with more and more determination on environmental innovation. In addition, employees in the solar industry have already exceeded those working in the field of fossil fuels”. Furthermore, concerning the Italian situation, he has affirmed that “in terms of earnings arising from the companies involved in the green economy, the Italian Stock Exchange ranks tenth worldwide. At the end of 2015, the assets managed by sustainable and responsible investment criteria amounted to 616 billion euros. More than 22% of the Italian insurance market is represented by companies that have signed the “Principles for Sustainable Insurance” promoted by the United Nations”.

Since the beginning of 2017, there have been important examples of green finance in France and Italy. In fact, both countries have recently inaugurated the opening of the green bonds: in Fran-

ce, from January 24th, the government has aimed high, with a 7.5 billion euro emission. The green bonds have been sold like ‘hot cakes’ and placed within a few minutes. Moreover, demand exceeded three times the offer, until reaching 23 billion reservations. Despite the yield of 1.74%, this was slightly higher than 1.60% ensured by the usual twenty-year bond. In order to attract investors, in brief, it was not the promise of dizzying gains, but the opportunity to invest (and get returns in line with the average) by promoting the transition to a cleaner economy. Indeed, in the other case, Italian Stock Exchange launched, on March 13th, the segment dedicated to green and social bonds to offer to institutional and retail investors the opportunity to identify the tools having proceeds used to finance projects with specific benefits or environmental impacts and/or social nature. It is a bond green among the largest in Europe, issued by Enel Finance International N.V. with a total value of 1.25 billion euros, with annual coupons of 1.00% of the nominal value and expirations in September 2024.

USING AND REUSING WATER

One of the main fields of the green economy is certainly the wastewater market, since the access to the world water resources is heavily dependent upon the nature of the water cycle. While a massive amount of water reaches the land surface of the Earth, much less, around 40%, makes its way into creeks, rivers,

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aquifers, wetlands, lakes and reservoirs, before cycling back into the atmosphere.

Of the water extracted for human purposes, on average, approximately: 70% is used for agricultural purposes; 20% is used by industry (including power generation); and 10% is used for direct human consumption. Given that the vast majority of usable fresh water is channelled towards agriculture, any global consideration of water allocation must consider the factors that determine the efficiency of water use in each sector. Irrigated land produces around 40% of the world food. One of the biggest challenges facing water managers is to find a way to significantly increase the productivity of irrigated agriculture so that water can be transferred to other sectors without adversely affecting the environment or food security.

In this regard, on March 22nd the UN World Water Assessment Programme of UNESCO launched The United Nations World Water Development Report titled ‘Wastewater: the Untapped Resource’ on the occasion of the World Water Day. It argues that, once treated, wastewater could prove to be invaluable in meeting the growing demand for freshwater and other raw materials. “Wastewater is a valuable resource in a world where water is finite and demand is growing,” says Guy Ryder, Chair of UN-Water and DirectorGeneral of the International Labour Organization. “Everyone can do their bit to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal target to halve the proportion of

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untreated wastewater and increase safe water reuse by 2030. It’s all about carefully managing and recycling the water that runs through our homes, factories, farms and cities. Let’s all reduce and safely reuse more wastewater so that this precious resource serves the needs of increasing populations and a fragile ecosystem”. Instead, a large proportion of wastewater is still released into the environment without being neither collected nor treated. This is particularly true in low-income countries, which on average only treat 8% of domestic and industrial wastewater, compared to 70% in high-income countries. As a result, in many regions of the world, water contaminated by bacteria, nitrates, phosphates and solvents is discharged into rivers and lakes ending up into the oceans, with negative consequences for the environment and public health. Wastewater is most commonly used for agricul-

tural irrigation and at least 50 countries worldwide are known to use wastewater for this purpose, accounting for an estimated 10% of all irrigated land. However, this practice raises health concerns when water contains pathogens that can contaminate crops.

The challenge, then, is to move from informal irrigation towards planned and safe use, as it has been occurring in Jordan since 1977, where 90% of treated wastewater is used for irrigation. In industry, large quantities of water can be reused, for example for heating and cooling, instead of being discharged into the environment. By 2020, the market for industrial wastewater treatment is expected to increase by 50%. Treated wastewater can also serve to augment drinking water supplies, although this is still a marginal practice. Windhoek, the capital of Namibia, has been doing this since 1969. In order to counter with re-

current freshwater shortages, the city has installed infrastructure to treat up to 35% of wastewater, which is then used to supplement drinking water reserves.

Residents of Singapore and San Diego (USA) also safely drink water that has been recycled. As well as providing a safe alternative source for freshwater, wastewater can also be seen as a potential source of raw materials. Thanks to developments in treatment techniques, certain nutrients, like phosphorus and nitrates, can now be recovered from sewage and sludge and turned into fertilizer.

An estimated 22% of global demand for phosphorus, a finite and depleting mineral resource, could be met by treating human urine and other body waste. Some countries, like Switzerland, have already approved and implemented laws calling for the mandatory recovery of certain nutrients such as phosphorus.

PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE REUSE OF TREATED WASTEWATER

There are possible trade barriers for food products grown using reused water and the Member States apply different standards when opting for water reuse, which can be a barrier for agricultural goods to access the single market. The case of the E.coli outbreak in 2011, killing 16 people in spring 2011 is an example of this situation. The outbreak was blamed on cucumbers irrigated with treated wastewater and imported from Spain and several Member States, including Germany, Denmark, Czech Republic and Belgium that blocked or restricted the import of Spanish products over concerns that these would have been contaminated during irrigation. It was then proven that the source of the E.coli contamination was not the cucumbers but rather sprouted germs from a German farm. It was estimated that this event cost Spain €200 million per week as orders were cancelled. This example shows that the threat of trade restriction on agricultural products is real, and that a common understanding on what is considered to be a safe practice for water reuse in irrigation could be beneficial to prevent the occurrence of this situation.

In the context of specific barriers to treated wastewater reuse in irrigation,

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the public consultation identified that, for the agricultural sector, the fact that water reuse was not considered as a component of integrated water management and the fear of trade barriers for agricultural goods irrigated with reused water (62% of respondents) were the most important obstacles. Irrigation of crops to be eaten raw with reused water was found to be the least-supported use. Furthermore, 50% of the agricultural sector respondents considered that the stringency and variation of the national standards represented a serious barrier.

Differences on requirements between Member States can lead to inequalities for agricultural producers entering the single market with goods irrigated by reclaimed water treated according to different standards in different Member States. While no evidence was identified in the EU, in California there are considerations about requesting mandatory labelling for food products irrigated with treated wastewater from hydraulic fracturing activities. While the type of water considered is different (wastewater from oil and gas activities rather than of urban origin), there are similarities in the reasons to request the labelling, which is a basic concern on human health safety implications. By analogy, it is possible

that Member States could introduce similar labelling requirements which could lead to the discrimination of these products. Furthermore, the lack of agreed standards triggers uncertainties on environmental and health safety in particular for consumers. Concerns were expressed about the possible effect that national regulation of treated wastewater reuse may have on prices (increase) of this type of resources. This was reinforced by the public consultation where almost 80% of the respondents indicated

that the lack of clarity on regulations was a moderately-to-highly important barrier (with 50% considering it as highly important). Moreover, 75% of the respondents expressed concerns over the potential trade barriers for food products that these can lead to. It is worth noting that, more than the variation in stringency of the national standards, it is the absence of a unified approach that was identified by stakeholders as being the most important barrier to the increase of water reuse.

Fate of freshwater withdrawals: Global consumption and wastewater production by major water use sectors (2010) Global wastewater production and treatment Although data on wastewater generation, collection and treatment is grossly lacking, it is apaprent that, worldwide, the vast majority of wastewater is neither collected nor treated. Furthermore, wastewater collection per se is not synonymous with wastewater treatment. In many cases, collected wastewater is merely discharged directly into the environment without any treatment. Agricultural runoff is almost never collected nor treated, so that metrics for these types of wastewater flows are practically non-existent. The AQUASTAT database of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) estimates global freshwater withdrawals at 3,928 kmÂł per year. An estimated 44% (1,716 km3 per year) of this water is consumed, mainly by agriculture through evaporation in irrigated cropland. The remaining 56% (2,212 km3 per year) is released into the environment as wastewater in the form of municipal and industrial effluent and agricultural drainage water. A country level of industrial and municipal wastewater treatment is generally a reflection of its income level. On average, high-income countries treat about 70% of the wastewater they generate, while that ratio drops to 38% in upper middle-income countries and to 28% in lower middle-income countries. In low-income countries, only 8% of industrial and municipal wastewater undergoes treatment of any kind. This exasperates the situation for the poor areas, particularly of slums, where people are often directly exposed to wastewater due to the lack of Source: Based on data from AQUASTAT (n.d.a.); Mateo-Sagasta et al. (2015); and Shiklomanov (1999). water and sanitation services.

Contributed by Sara Marjani Zadeh (FAO).

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Industrial wasteland, Brownfield, abandoned industrial sites, National interested sites, Paraboloids... Call them as you prefer, but just let’s redevelop them Requalification of ex industrial areas should represent the future of our cities, mostly in Europe e U.S.A., and both a change and a challenge to improve common spaces and create development Alberto Marenco

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ndustrial wasteland is a typical phenomenon of the most developed cities, in particular in Europe and in U.S.A, where these areas are well integrated within the urban context.

Industrial wasteland, also called Brownfield, include abandoned industrial sites which in the past dealt with mass-produced or extractive activities. This phenomenon have began arising a strong interest for the scientific community since 90s by imposing, at the heart of the debate about the urban areas, transformations focusing on the redevelopment and regeneration of the urban spaces.

By now, these spaces and buildings represent a significant reality that cannot be underestimated or even worse ignored.

In Italy this phenomenon relates to primary segments of the chemical, steel, mining, mechanical and oil industries, leaving many soils occupied in a severe state of contamination.

Unfortunately, the political response on this situation arrived only at the end of the last century when there was a general awareness on the fact that the Brownfield could be seen as an opportunity to redevelop those areas by rethinking functions and services, thus becoming a resource rather than

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a danger for the entire surrounding community.

EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENT AGENCY’S REPORT

A new report of the European Environment Agency (EEA) shows how the redevelopment of areas abandoned or the dismantling and transformation of roads or car-parks into green spaces or residential areas can have a positive impact on the environment and also support the transition of Europe to a green economy. The report ‘Land Recycling in Europe’ introduces several approaches to measuring the magnitude and impact of redevelopment and

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re-use of brownfields, both when this is done with specific economic targets such as house construction and when the purpose relates to environmental improvement in the area of interest.

In Europe, according to the report, land-recycling projects are increasing, but levels remain low compared to land-take (green fields urbanization).

Based on the data collected by the Copernicus satellite, it appears that, since 90’s, requalification as a share of total soil consumption in all EEA Member States has grown by about 2/3%, although the percentage greatly varies depending on the country.

Soil is a limited resource and urbanization along with soil sealing have been the cause of environmental concerns.

From 2006 to 2012, urbanization in Europe (EEA-39) continued with an average land consumption of 1,065 km2/ year.

Therefore, requalification could be the key to maintain and develop green spaces, essential for the ecosystem, and this process could be an important contribution to achieve a circular economy. Furthermore, the report compares different redevelopment models based on a lifecycle assessment of environmental impacts arising from soil development and use. The assessment shows that bringing back areas already developed to a more efficient use or improving their environmental quality has a far more positive impact than, for example, transforming agricultural areas into urban areas.

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ITALIAN LEGISLATION

The Italian Ministry of Environment has distinguished ex-industrial areas from contaminates areas, the first one needing interventions of redevelopment and requalification while the latter needing an act of remediation before beginning the redevelopment of the area. In this case, there is another distinction between contaminated areas and SIN (Siti di Interesse Nazionale – Sites of National Interest), i.e. areas of particular value for which the State shall bear the remediation cost, even if for a ‘normally’ contaminated area the cost of the remediation must be paid by the responsible of the pollution.

In addition, in 1998 the Ministry of Public Works (now Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport) through a Ministerial Decree created the P.R.U.S.S.T. (Programmi di Recupero Urbano e Sviluppo del Territorio – Urban Regeneration and Territory Development Programs). They are the new urban generation programs aiming at carrying out interventions oriented to the expansion and upgrading of infrastructures, the expansion and upgrading of productive employment economy, the recovery and rehabilitation of the environment and urban and social tissue of the territories involved.

In the same year, in art. 26 of Legislative Decree 112, the concept of APEA (Aree Produttive Ecologicamente Attrezzate - Ecologically Equipped Productive Areas) was introduced. This definition is now used to indicate areas in which the companies are able to

define a unified and integrated management program of the infrastructure, useful in ensuring the sustainability targets for the socioeconomic development and improving the competitiveness of the companies while respecting the environment. In these areas, there is the possibility to apply legislation and administrative simplifications, realize green marketing policies in favour of settled companies, and pursue industrial policies oriented the eco-innovations.

MAP OF ABANDONED SITES

In October 2016, at the House of Representatives in Rome, Senator Michela Montevecchi presented the “Mappa dell’Abbandono” (Maps of Abandoned Sites), a web census project of abandoned industrial heritage through photographic and historical research, done

by Marcello Modica, an urban planner focused on transitional landscapes, now available on the website www. st-al.com. With this project, Modica and Francesca Santarella, an Italian politician and scholar of industrial archaeology, have given life to a publishing project called “Paraboloidi, un patrimonio dimenticato dell’architettura moderna” (Paraboloids, a heritage of forgotten modern architecture), a monograph which lists a hundred industrial silos built with reinforced concrete and with a parabolic cover. They are industrial warehouses with majestic ribbed vaults made of reinforced concrete and gained a respectable position within the industrial architecture

so as to later be “exported” in many European countries. The research comes from the need to give voice to citizens’ requests attempting to enforce the reasons of environmental protection and recovery, sometimes clashing with administrations and institutions which lack the required knowledge for the protection of ‘common goods’. At the centre of the research there is an articulate timeline that describes the history of 91 examples on the Italian territory built between 1920 and 1970 with a rich and unpublished set of vintage and current photographs, drawings and original floor plans.

Among the few recovered buildings there are two paraboloids in Cerea, close to Verona (turned into a conference centre in the early twenty-first century), those in Montecatini (Assisi) recovered step-wise between 1999 and 2008, and now seeing houses, a theatre, exhibition and cultural spaces, and the small pseudo-paraboloid in Cimatoria Campolmi (Prato), entirely restored and since 2009 seat of the town library.

BEST PRACTICE AROUND THE WORLD

An innovative example of redevelopment of former industrial areas that

combines building requalification and cultural space development taking into account the urban context from an historical and cultural point of view is the Origin Architect’s project done in the Dongcheng District in Beijing. In 2014, the chief architect Mr. Li Ji conducted the redevelopment of an industrial area called ‘Offset Printing Factory’, converting it into a theatre.

The industrial complex consists of three buildings built in different periods, respectively 1960, 1970 and 1990, that interacted without a logical criterion both aesthetically and functionally.

Unfortunately, during half century of trials and hardships, the original industries declined and shut down one after the other; the factories were also dilapidated day by day almost beyond all recognition.

The pipelines are now old and bare; the idle workshops are separated and rent disorderly. The unordered addition jams the whole factory area and makes it a genuine network.

The integral reformation combining drama culture and functional replacement is in the hope of bringing a new vitality to the waste urban body.

The project started with targeted local excision, the addition part causing the overall blocking has been cleared:

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in the East, eliminating the unauthorized temporary buildings and removing the disordered parking areas to make room for a quiet front yard; in the West, demolishing the crude tin room between the two major structures to form a backyard; further cleaning up the blocked “Hutongs”- very articulated alleys consisting of lines of Siheyuan, a complex of houses that are arranged around a courtyard - on both sides and linking them up from back to front, thus a multi-layered courtyard space and alleys have been brought to light again.

There are not only routes any more.

Traffic moving lines evolve into irregular three-dimensional garden trails, which brought along interaction between indoor and outdoor space and scenery.

The unreachable and isolated inactive roofs in the factory are totally activated by the verandas and becoming well-proportioned floating hanging gardens. Making up the shortfall of the limited ground space, the hanging gardens everywhere provide opportunity of approaching the nature for every internal unit. Moreover, the communication place for relaxing and meeting will bring creative inspirations.

After breaking the rigid space, the en-

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vironmental settlement diversity will grow into the most suitable place for the ecological development of cultural creativity.

If the veranda system can be considered as the artery of the garden, then the warehouse theatre is the garden’s heart, the fountain of vitality and charm.

The theatre is newly constructed on the former dilapidated buildings. Adopting the architectural structure of industrial warehouse, massive I-column steel and Corten steel panels the massive industrial space of the warehouse strongly contrasts the fashion and living drama scenes.

The drama and cultural life are no longer limited in a fixed space, vitality is spread everywhere in the garden. The front yard becomes an outdoor theatre without boundary; the alleys become joint channels; the roofs and verandas are changed to air stages and stands; the terraces on the old brick houses become boxes... The gap between actors and audience is eliminated; the estrangement between culture and life is vanishing. The whole garden becomes an omnipresent open theatre, then integrated with the comprehensive city life.

The components of land recycling (%) in European capitals. Source: Urban Atlas changes 2006-2012 (Copernicus Programme, 2016)

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Earth-moving machinery innovations at Samoter 2017 was the year of redemption for Samoter in Verona, where many brands decided to present their latest products at the fair Laura Veneri

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arth-moving machines are faithful companions of many hours at work, they are valuable allies in everyday activities and now (at last) are becoming less polluting. Operators want them more performing, more comfortable and quieter, but also fast, strong, accurate and safe.

Everyone has a favourite brand: perhaps due to the great number of hours spent working, perhaps because passions arise during childhood, anyway for excavator operators every machine has a ‘heart’.

We also noticed this aspect a few months ago at Samoter: fathers along with their little kids to see the big brands in the show and sit at the controls.

Emotions that will turn into memories to be guarded as a treasure, until the time when they will come to mind again, when these kids will have to buy a perfect machine.

Market rebound

In the first three months of 2017, 2,094 construction machines were placed on the Italian market, an increase of 6% compared to the figure recorded last year. In more detail, 1,897 earth-moving machines and 76 road machines were sold. “The Italian market growth goes on, but at a much lower level than last year - Paolo Venturi, president of Unacea says - there are spaces for a further development, taking advantage of the opportunities offered by the technological development of the sector would be enough: the use of last

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generation machines, especially in residential areas, would help to improve the environment and avoid the fines imposed by EU to Italy when overrunning the limitations on the presence of particulate matter in the air.”

Unacea took the opportunity to relaunch a package of initiatives that can have a positive impact on both the sector market dynamics and the safety of works and reduction of environmental impact.

In particular, through the document ‘Less emission mission’, the association is involved in the sensitisation of the municipal administrations for the enforcement of restrictions on the use of the most obsolete machines in urban centres. On the equipment side, Unacea asks for regulatory adaptation to encourage selective demolition and

allow, in small yards, the recycling of some aggregates directly on site (‘Integrated aggregate cycle’).

Exhibition novelties

The thirtieth edition of Samoter was overwhelmingly positive. Veronafiere and Fiera Milano cooperated to organise three fairs at the same time: SaMoTer, Asphaltica and Transpotec Logitec. The numbers gave reason to the organisers who took over 84,000 visitors from 86 countries over four days. The exhibiting companies were 780 from 25 countries and they totally occupied 84 thousand square metres net.

Some large companies took the opportunity of the fair to introduce their latest innovations. We can find them below in alphabetical order.

Case Ce On the anniversary of its 175th year of activity, Case proposed a completely new line and launched new and important products. In their stand, the machines on display were divided by sectors: urban construction, infrastructures, quarries and waste recycling. Several novelties were presented in addition to a world preview: the G Series of wheel loaders.

The brand new mini-excavators of the C Series were shown to the Italian public: six available models (from 1.7 to 6 tons), which will join the other models during 2017 and 2018.

In the company’s stand, there was the upgraded T Series of backhoe loaders that now comply with Tier 4 Final emission standards due to the exclusive CASE SCR-Only solution, which ensures powerful performance with significant fuel savings and does not require any anti-particulate filter, DOC catalyst or regeneration.

Those who participated in the fair had the opportunity to see the new G series of wheel loaders: seven new models, much more comfortable for the operator and with productivity and fuel efficiency. The cabin is quieter and more comfortable: the sound levels in the cab are 2dB lower than those of the previous series, one of the best on the market. The 521G and 821G loaders boast just 68dB in the cabin, while the 921G and 1121G versions have just 69dB of noise levels. Cabs benefit from primary air recirculation and filtration with longer filter replacement intervals. All G Series wheel loaders are powered by efficient EU Stage IV/Tier 4 Final diesel engines without particulate filter (DPF) or exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). The Hi-eSCR post-processing system from FPT Industrial uses a smaller number of components to meet exhaust emission standards and this allows for a more compact engine compartment and lower maintenance costs.

Doosan Bobcat Doosan Bobcat exposed a great number of models (micro- and miniexcavators, compact loaders, compact crawler loaders and telescopic lifters), confirming the commitment and special attention in the Italian market, considered strategic for the Korean constructor.

The presence of the Doosan machines was more oriented to the heavy line with which, over the past five years, the brand made progress in terms of market share and brand loyalty, thus being to full title in the elite of manufacturers. In Verona, the Korean brand exhibited both crawler and wheeled excavator models, as well as wheel loaders. A novelty among small models (the new DX10Z mini-excavator, a ZTS zero tail swing machine) underlines Doosan’s intention to further extend their already wide range of products.

At present, the new range of telescopic, rigid-frame machines enables Bobcat to offer 11 different models for rental and construction markets, with lifting capacity from 2.6 to 4.1 t and lifting heights from 6 to 18 m. The Korean brand also introduced the new ZTS zero tail swing excavator E17Z of 1.7 tons in the canopy version, to complete the range of compact excavators in the 1-2 t class.

VF Venieri The Samoter Innovation Award was won by VF Venieri Spa thanks to the telescopic boom of the new VF 8.63TL loader. Designed by Venieri, the new VF 8.63TL telescopic boom loader is suitable for excavation operations and is able to easily overcome a working height of 5.2 metres.

It is a multifunction machine for both industrial and agricultural purposes. The vehicle has an artificial intelligence with anti-tipping electronic system and a cab designed to ensure the highest comfort to the operator.

VF Venieri also stood out for the excavator customization and services offered. VF Venieri’s modern excavator is personalized with laser engravings and has its distinctive feature in comfort: it is tailor-made and aims at the operator’s comfort. The customizations offered by the company include cabs having a sort of saloon interior, leather seats, panoramic windscreens with 360° view, and even the owner’s name laser engraved on the sides. Thanks to the soundproofing of the passenger compartment, it is possible to use the mobile phone hands-free kit as in a normal car.

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Hyundai Hyundai introduced a full range of construction machinery and forklift trucks (13 construction machines, 7 forklifts and other warehouse equipment) and two world premieres: the R30Z-9AK mini-excavator and the new HL975 wheel loader. The compact design of the new R30Z-9AK mini-excavator and the zero tail swing allow the operator to work in delimited areas, for example near buildings along the road and in areas within the city. The new R30Z-9AK excavator has a reliable, silent, lowcost Kubota D1305 engine with a rated output of 18.1 kW (24.97 HP) at 2,350 rpm. This brand-new model replaces the R27Z-9. The Kubota D1305 engine is a compact, liquid-cooled, multi-cylinder diesel engine, compliant with the latest EU emission standards, and does not require any further post-processing tools. The new Hyundai HL975 wheel loader was designed to meet Hyundai’s high standards, taking into account the feedback from operators around the world in terms of expectations for next-generation wheel loaders. The result is a new machine that is very robust, extremely powerful and capable of providing extraordinary performance. The new HL975 wheel loader has an operating weight of 26,500 kg and a new generation Stage IV Cummins QSG12 engine with a maximum power output of 250 kW at 2,100 rpm (net power of 247 kW). The high efficiency air treatment and the advanced combustion enable the QSG12 to ensure the simplicity of a wastegate turbocharger without needing a chilled exhaust gas recirculation system. The emission levels comply with the Stage IV standard thanks to the combined use of an anti-particulate filter. The true value of the HL975 model is its power, especially apparent under hard work conditions. In addition to the best fuel efficiency, the new HL series (including the HL955, HL960 and HL980 versions) has many other eco-friendly features. The automatic engine shutdown prevents unnecessary emissions and fuel consumption. The HL series requires the engine to be switched off at minimum speed. Operators can select the operating mode and downtime depending on the work environment to further improve efficiency. In addition, the optional five-speed transmission with lockup clutch affects the fuel consumption depending on working conditions.

Kato Imer The company chose the exhibition to formalize the company name change and present the new logo. The corporate motto is ‘Japanese mind, Italian heart’.

In November 2016, the Japanese multinational Kato and IHI signed an agreement to transfer 100% of IHI shares to Kato.

Since 1 January 2017, IK - which controls 51% of Ihimer Spa based in Italy in San Gimignano (while 49% continues to be held by Imer Group Spa) - had already changed its name to Kato Hicom.

In February 2017, with effect from March 1, Ihimer Spa changed its corporate name to Kato Imer Spa. Several machines were visible at the fair.

Kobelco We wrote about the Japanese manufacturer in a recent article (Recover n. 37, p. 37) in which we interviewed Marco Ferroni, Kobelco business manager, who presented the network of dealers used by the manufacturer. Kobelco brought a wide range of products to Samoter exhibition. As a European preview, it was possible to see the SK180LC/N-10 (Generation 10) excavator, which is the latest in Kobelco’s conventional version class and is a perfect example of technical design, performance and work efficiency. Two machines with the same model designation SK180 are available. The SK180LC/N-10 is a conventional standard excavator with long undercarriage design for use in many applications on site. The SK180N-10 machine has the same upper structure but a shorter and narrower undercarriage. An advanced fuel delivery technology reduces fuel consumption, while the use of a regenerative system by means of Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) and DEF/AdBlue fluid reduces particulate emissions. The latest technology used in the structure of the lift and excavating arms is a further distinctive feature of the excavator SK180LC/N-10. The updated design that provides new positions for pins, hubs and structural reinforcements further strengthens Kobelco’s reputation in terms of robustness and reliability. As with all Generation 10 excavators, the SK180LC/N-10 excavator is provided with lighter and more responsive control levers to increase sensitivity, a new lock lever, and a new console to reduce operators’ fatigue.

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Komatsu Italia Manufacturing Komatsu stood out for its large, well-stocked stand in the exhibition, but especially for the participation in the Samoter Innovation Award where it was pointed out for two products. It has a special mention in the userfriendly product category for the Komatsu Italia Manufacturing Spa’s wheeled excavator control display: an interface capable of guiding the operator in a simple and clear way by means of icons, thus simplifying complex operations such as the driving mode change in a four steering wheel vehicle. The hydraulic excavator HB365LC-3 is the second innovation brought by Komatsu: the machine continues to develop the hybrid engine range launched by the Japanese brand in 2008, aiming at increasingly reducing the impact on the environment without compromising the performance. The latest model mounts an even more powerful engine with additional 53 kilowatts and complies with the European Stage IV standards.

Yanmar Yanmar is another Japanese brand that chose the Samoter International Exhibition and the Italian market to introduce itself to the general public. It is a family group founded in 1912 and has been run by three generations of the same family for over a hundred years. Yanmar presented the new full range of machines, thanks in particular to the great contribution given by the sales network of Italian distributors.

Hidromek The Turkish company introduced in Italy for the first time those models that it started to sell in our country in 2016. Hidromek presented the HMK 640 WL articulated wheel loader with a load capacity of 4.2 mÂł and 26,300 kg of operating weight. There are also the Gen Series of hydraulic excavators, ranging from 14 to 53 tons.

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From the area surrounding Bergamo to the Middle East for ELTs’ processing A specially-made system for grinding end-of-life tyres Maria Beatrice Celino

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n June 2016, the small-town business Molinari turned into a worldwide known company. This occurred due to the participation in a tender for gaining a very important work: the design and implementation of a grinding system for end-of-life tyres in Saudi Arabia, close to one of the largest landfills in the world. Local estimates count about 20 million tyres replaced each year. Old tyres are illegally abandoned or improperly stored, thus resulting in a risk for the public safety, as well as for the public health and the environment. In order to cope with this problem, the municipal company of Jeddah assigned JESDC to deal with this matter, developing a

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recovering and recycling plan through various partnerships with private investors. Every day, the landfill of the Arabian capital receives forty tons of tyres, expecting a significant rise over time, proportional to the increase in local population.

The project provided by Molinari (winner of the tender) includes the creation of a an alternative fuel production facility of more than 10 tons per hour to be used in local cement factories. Since the available space for installing this system is restricted, the hourly flow rate is achieved in a single step with a single shredder.

Molinari has proposed to the customer the provision of a suitably dimensioned

machine for the project. The primary ‘catalogue’ shredder is two meters wide and has a capacity of eight tons per hour, while the customer’s request was to get to ten tons, with a final size smaller than the usual standards, such as TDF (Tire Derived Fuel), approaching the extra small size proposed by Aliapur (France). The TP2000 shredder was then developed and taken to a useful width of two and a half metres with an installed power of 500kW instead of 200kW. Several aspects have been considered by the customer choosing a Molinari system. First of all, the robustness.

Indeed, Molinari is very focused on strength and sturdiness. All the sh-

redder elements have a much larger thickness than those commonly seen on the market. “Designers are now doing everything possible to reduce production costs by ‘simplifying’ the machine structures, but we have made a little countercurrent choice, and we are now starting yielding a return” – Govanni Gervasoni, company owner, says. “We have decided to focus our attention on and specialize in the field of waste and end-of-life tyres. In the first case, the material can be very heterogeneous, while in the second a perfect cutting of the rubber and steel should be ensured. For this reason, we have worked hard on designing solid shredders that last over time and with new cutting techniques to save energy.

The shredding system we have proposed for the Jeddah project is just the perfect combination of these two elements.”

Another interesting element is the design of the grinding chamber. TP series shredders consist of two mutual-

ly independent shafts acting on fixed blades mounted to a crossbar placed between the two rotors. The latter can rotate at different rates and perform rotational inversions in the presence of material blocked in the hopper.

All the facility components have been entirely designed by Molinari’s Technical Office with the supervision of Claudio Gamba (the engineer in charge of the project) and created in the related factory: the loading hopper, the conveyor belts and the service walkways have been constructed while keeping the same quality standard of robustness that characterises the shredder.

The engineering and creation stage lasted five month. The sixth month, the last before delivery, was devoted to the training of the Arab technical personnel who will have to deal with the operation and maintenance of the system.

The whole facility was assembled at the assembly department of the company, and the customer was so able to attend the Factory Acceptance Test

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and train with the Molinari’s staff. The main focus was the training of people not skilled in shredding. “The time we spent with the local staff that will operate the system has been a great occasion to know us before installation and learn every technical aspect deeply,” Gervasoni underlines.

This order will certainly be an additional element in acquiring popularity in a rapidly developing market like the Arab one, which seems to be motivated to make important investments in the waste-to-energy field.

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Like a movie Demolition of a former industrial plant with special guests Laura Veneri

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t would seem the perfect scene for a movie or a music video. A screenwriter could set an action movie in these places. And even ours could be an action movie. We get this disused industrial complex, wearing our safety shoes and helmet, and we start walking around those silent places where economic production is no longer active. We are surrounded by abandoned buildings that still have a great charm because they are so impressive. The nature gradually regains its original environment and creeps up cramped spaces, giving the otherwise grey surroundings a green shade. Silence is around us, we can only hear our footsteps and a hum of working machines far away. As we get close, the initial shot of our movie is there waiting for us.

Two large excavators are patiently cutting a large metal tank. It is not the first and won’t be the last. And here are the main characters of the movie: the CS 25RS Hydraulic Shears and the MK 20 Multi Kit crusher with metal-sheet shears kit and crusher kit, from Trevi Benne. These new equipment form part of a refurbished machinery inventory just bought by

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Ecofelsinea. Christian Tadiotto, Marketing Manager of Trevi Benne, explains that “over the past three years, Ecofelsinea heavily invested in new equipment by acquiring six of them, including a CS 25, orange peel grapples for scrap material, an MK20 with two kits (metal-sheet shears kit and crusher kit) and three FR20 (the traditional crushers for concrete demolition).”

Our framing focuses the shears CS 25RS, designed for modern industrial demolition sites in need of significant shear forces.

The mouth geometry and the knife arrangement allow to have a linear, net cutting of the scrap material, thus allowing to simplify loading operations and reducing handling and transportation costs.

Mauro Ferri, machine operator for Ecofelsinea and working in the yard, tells us that “at first I was a bit sceptical about some equipment, especially about the shears. Its elongated shape did not convince me, but then I changed my mind. It is perfect for demolishing iron structures because it is not bulky, allows good visibility, is sturdy and its shape allows it to get anywhere. This machine does its

job well: it demolishes but does not collapse.”

Let’s take a shot on the other main actor, the MK20 crusher, a multifunctional machinery suitable for every working condition and consisting of a universal body with several demolition kits hooked thereto by means of an innovative release system which is no more manual but with a hydraulic principle that allows to keep the structural pins. In this scene, the crusher is working with the shears kit designed for construction sites and deposits for industrial demolition and cutting iron materials such as profiles, metal sheets, and pipes.

We ask Simone Piva, Area Manager of Trevi Benne, why Ecofelsinea decided to purchase the MK20 for this type of demolitions: “We always try to meet the needs of our customers with the utmost care” he explains.

“Recommending the right equipment to customers means allowing them to get the maximum gain from their work without waste of time due to unsuitable machines. Therefore, when Luca Nanni, owner of Ecofelsinea, contacted us for this demolition, we made an on-site inspection to check the needs together. Among the

various specific machines already in use at his company, we have proposed the multi kit crusher because of its versatility and due to the possibility to mount the metal-sheet shears kit which is perfect for this kind of tanks. Moreover, changing the kit is now very easy and fast: an operator is able to replace it without help in just four minutes.”

Let’s change the scene again: we leave the tanks and follow the excavator equipped with the multi kit as it moves towards a reinforced concrete building for the secondary demolition of the support pillars. While an operator replaces the kit in a few minutes, we ask Ferri to describe how the way of doing demolition has changed in recent years. “Demolitions have changed a lot in recent years” the operator says “in the past, demolitions were done haphazardly, without worrying about the resulting materials. At present, demolitions are done wisely: first, all recoverable items are removed and then the work is done with suitable demolition machines and equipment. The need of various equipment depends on the material to be demolished. With the new demolition and strip out techni-

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ques, many materials can be distinguished and sent to recovery and recycling thus allowing an additional gain.”

The shooting at the abandoned industrial complex is now fully completed. We move to Ecofelsinea’s aggregate recycling centre for the final scene, where we find another star.

We are in Bologna, where Ecofelsinea opened its plant in 2005, and where we are welcomed by Pietro Schiavina, the plant manager. “We collect buil-

ding material such as crushed stone, concrete, rubble, excavation debris, asphalt, aggregates, and waste such as plastic, paper, wood” he explains.

“We collect, clean, select, sort and treat the material using our machines. We have three excavators, two wheeled excavators, one REV90 crusher, one Cams and three Powerscreen screeners.” While Schiavina describes the actors of this last scene at the recycling centre, we see the last star of our movie: the FR 20RD

Powerscreen® Warrior 1400X The Powerscreen® Warrior 1400X is a flexible screener designed for medium to small operators looking for a versatile, high-performance machine for heavy duty but easy to carry around. This version is based on the Warrior 1400 but ensures better performance, lower operating costs, and more user-friendliness. Its strong screen is compatible with Bofor bars, comb-like screens, woven meshes and perforated plates. Among its major benefits, this model allows to lift the screen to easily access the nettings. The inclination of the screener is hydraulically adjustable. It has been designed considering economic aspects, with a low fuel consumption obtained due to a lower engine speed of 1,800 rev/min and an improved hydraulic system.

Several netting solutions offer the Warrior 1400X a very high efficiency in crushing, screening and recycling applications. It is also able to process mixed scrap materials, including green waste, soil, concrete, wood and asphalt.

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rotary crusher. Being actuated by a Case CX230C excavator, the FR 20RD is crushing the concrete from the material resulting from old demolitions in order to release iron. The FR Series’ structural features allow the operator to perform the primary and secondary demolition stages using a single tool. In the primary claw function, having a 360° hydraulic rotation, it minimizes the displacement operations by working accurately.

The secondary crusher function is ensured by the typical clamps of a standard demolition machine and by two interchangeable knifes arranged for trimming the rebar rod. The ability to perform the two distinct stages of a demolition with a single machine results in the economic advantage of using only one excavator and significantly reducing the time of execution of the abatement work. The clamps are equipped with interchangeable bolted teeth mounted on both fixed and mobile clamps, in order to meet the need to replace the teeth worn by a demolition directly on the yard, thus avoiding taking the tips to the workshop and reducing the maintenance costs.

The final image of this short movie is a top view of the recycling centre: the gray-beige aggregates form the background of a picture in which there are distinct color spots corresponding to working machines, running trucks and moving operators.

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Beyond solar eclipse In recent years, renewable energies have recorded bad times in Italy, but the latest signals are very encouraging. Photovoltaic systems show positive signs, and there is even a boom at world level Laura Veneri

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n 2016, the new Italian installations for renewable energy in photovoltaic, wind and hydroelectric power plants (a total of about 738 MW) fell by 19% compared to the previous year (data from Anie Rinnovabili). Only photovoltaics registered an increase.

The positive trend of photovoltaic installations throughout the year was constant every month, and reached 369 MW, thus recording a 22% increase over 2015. There is also an increase in the number of connected production units (+ 9%). Most installations are of residential (power less than 20 kW) and tertiary/SMEs (up to 100 kW) type, favoured by tax deductions for the citizens and self-consumption benefits for businesses.

The regions that have seen the greatest power increase are Abruzzo, Basilicata, Calabria, Campania, Lombardy, Marche, Molise, Piedmont, Puglia, Sardinia and Sicily, while those with the largest decrease are Liguria, Tuscany, Trentino Alto Adige, Umbria and Valle d’Aosta.

On the other hand, the Energy Service Provider (GSE - Gestore dei Servizi Energetici) gives even more positive data. In 2016, the

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Italian renewable sources covered about one third of total electricity consumption.

Therefore, every 10 kWh consumed, more than three were produced from renewable sources, for a total of nearly 106 TWh, corresponding to the electrical consumption of five regions such as Lazio. Thanks to the support of more than 700,000 renewable energy plants, according to GSE data, Italy has reached and exceeded the European target for 2020, covering 17.6% of gross final consumption - electricity, heating, transport - with the renewables.

It is estimated that, in the electricity sector only, renewables corresponded, in 2016, to over 35,000 permanent jobs.

The German market is growing

Intersolar Europe, the world’s leading exhibition for the solar industry, will take place from May 31 to June 2 in Munich, as well as ees Europe, the largest European exhibition for batteries and energy storage systems. Seven months before opening, more than 90% of the exhibition area had already been booked and the organizers expect a lot of public atten-

dance, especially from Italy. Photovoltaic is currently experiencing a period of great growth worldwide. In a growing number of regions, solar energy is one of the most cost-effective forms of energy production, and in some regions the production costs of PV are already between 3 and 5 cents per kilowatt hour. The energy storage market continues to expand too. In Germany alone, the National Solar Industry Association (BSW-Solar) estimates a total of about 50,000 solar energy storage systems currently installed, a trend that is growing rapidly.

Intersolar and ees Europe are international sector-based events that regularly attract visitors from more than 160 countries. Italy is among the most represented countries and in 2016 saw 40 exhibitors.

The organisers also confirm this data for the 2017 edition.

It’s no wonder that our country takes advantage of the international growth of markets related to photovoltaics and batteries, and together with Germany, it is the leading market in terms of existing plants.

This is also reflected in the total installed power capacity: with 18.91 GW and 311.6

rage Systems. This is the ability to use the energy collected from renewable sources when the user needs it most. With the support of ENEA, as National Energy Efficiency Agency, Key Energy Storage will offer, in addition to the exhibition area, a panel of conferences and meetings aiming at introducing the best practices.

Key Solar is instead a new exhibition area with qualified contents dedicated to photovoltaics. It fills a fair lack to offer the industry a moment of aggregation and a solid reference to analyse scenarios, suppose developmental paths, and introduce product innovations.

Energy: we can do even better

kWp/1,000 inhabitants, Italy is ranked second in Europe behind Germany. At international level, solar energy gains ground and the market also grows in Germany: according to data from the German Federal Network Monitoring Agency, in 2016 approximately 51,900 new solar systems were installed, for a power of about 1.52 giga Watt peak (GWp), compared to 51,000 installations for 1.46 GWp in 2015.

The energy storage market is growing and Italy does not stay looking

The energy storage market also grows vigorously in the world and in Germany. In fact, this year, BSW-Solar expects a total of 50,000 solar batteries installed. In 2016 alone, the amount increased by 15%-20% over the previous year.

“The future of electricity use goes through the technological evolution of storage systems, both as for domotics and vehicle power - Gian Battista Zorzoli (Coordinamento FREE - a non-profit organisation for Renewable Sources and Energy Efficiency) said during the last edition of Key Energy - the drive to improve battery performance is in fact extraordinary: over the last eight years, the so-called energy

density, i.e. the amount of surface energy stored in a given system, increased by nearly five times against a 71% reduction in terms of costs. This evolution comes from the use of new materials, for example, in electrodes, graphene instead of carbon allows batteries to be housed in increasingly smaller systems (from smartphones to personal computers to electric vehicles) with much greater autonomy compared to the even recent past, to the point that electric cars are nearly more competitive in terms of distance travelled compared to endothermic motor cars (at present, 500 km can be travelled when ‘filling up the tank’). The energy issue, however, remains a crucial topic for the future of cities: indeed, by 2025 the demand for electricity from devices that will connect to the Internet will be 6% of overall global demand.”

In the field of energy storage, the Italian Exhibition Group (former Rimini Fiera) will present two new proposals that will enrich the 2017 editions of Ecomondo and Key Energy, scheduled in Rimini from 7 to 10 November.

Key Storage will be focused on storing energy from renewable sources to enhance a key technology: the Energy Sto-

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Enea aims at a national strategy that integrates environment, climate, energy and a comprehensive plan focused on energy efficiency. Federico Testa, ENEA president, outlined the possible guidelines of the new national energy strategy during a Senate hearing, where he pointed out that “it is essential to start from the very beginning with an integrated approach, linking energy, environmental sustainability and climate together within the turning point set by 2015 COP21 occurred in Paris and by the new Winter Package of the European Commission. For ENEA, one of the cornerstones of this approach is energy efficiency, having the great advantage of being ‘un-consumed’ energy and bringing together environment, climate, energy and sustainability. In addition, compared to other renewable sources, it is the driving force for the development of industrial and productive fields, employment, income and welfare for our country.”

Testa added that “the technologies for energy efficiency are made in Italy, unlike other technologies for which we turn to foreign countries. Energy efficiency can be obtained here, in businesses, lighting, communications, transportation and construction, with benefits also in terms of reducing greenhouse gases.”

One of the possible examples is the deep renovation plan proposed by ENEA, which could stimulate investments of 15-20 billion euros per year to re-qualify 1% of buildings per year in the colder areas of the country. This would allow to save a total of 3.4 Mtoe and avoid about 8.5 Mt of CO2 emissions in 13 years only (2017-2030).

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“ONE IDEA, MORE SOLUTIONS”: MULTIPURPOSE IS THE ADJECTIVE THAT HAS INSPIRED VTN EUROPE Thanks to its innovative features, this attachment meets the largest variety of complex demolition requirements. Engineered in detail it is particularly suitable for: • Specialized Demolition Contractors who are always focused on safety, efficiency and productivity on their jobsites.

• Hire Companies who are focused on the demolition market offering different solutions based on their customer needs.

• The operator who searches in only one equipment the “synthesis” of various activities.

The new combi kit is Multipurpose because it enables you to do any type of demolition: • Primary, to bring down a building and remove the materials, either concrete or steel constructions, or a combination of the both.

• Secondary, to separate and-or reduce into smaller fragments what has already been demolished facilitating the next phase of handling and transport.

• Selective, where it is necessary to extract and recover “precious” elements or components or for the reclamation in areas of high environmental impact where the presence of toxic, flammable and polluted material is high.

CK is “Fast and Safe” because it requires only a few minutes in order to replace the jaws by the rotating and subsequent blocking of only 2 pins.

INDRADRIVE MI: INDEPENDENT UNIVERSAL TALENT WITH NEW COOLING POSSIBILITIES Rexroth has already successfully moved the entire drive technology from the control cabinet to the machine. In addition to the IndraDrive Mi motor-integrated and motor-near drives, the company has developed decentralized supply and mains modules that allow machine manufacturers to install all electrical drive components directly on the machine. Now Rexroth has equipped these modules with new cooling options for a wide range of production environments and, in doing so, also expanded the range of applications. The control cabinet-free IndraDrive Mi drive system allows for the realization of a completely independent drive solution. The supply unit that can be directly integrated into the machine makes this possible. Rexroth has now equipped these mains and supply modules with additional cooling options. Convection cooling and forced air cooling options are now also available in addition to the thermal interface for cold plate mounting or insulated mounting. These two types of cooling do not require any process water for cooling and allow for flexible use in a wide range of production environments. Applications for which no process water is available, such as in conveying or handling technology, in food and packaging technology or also to some extent in the printing and wood industry, do not require any additional recooling when using these new cooling options. All mains connection components that were previously placed in the control cabinet are now realized in IP65 in the IndraDrive Mi and can be directly installed in the machine. The mains filter, mains choke and mains contactor are integrated in the KNK03 mains module to supply direct power from the grid.

The regenerative KMV03 power supply module with control electronics, braking resistor and brake transistor has completely replaced the power supply and the control electronics in the control cabinet.

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57C-1 MINI EXCAVATOR. TAKING MINI EXCAVATORS TO THE MAX Tracked excavators have been a part of the JCB manufacturing family for over 50 years. Using all of this experience and insight, our latest mini diggers like the new 57C-1 have been developed to exceed even your most exacting demands. Put simply, this is one of the strongest and highest performing mini excavators we’ve ever built.

It’s highly productive, compact, agile, innovative and economical to own. Not only that but it’s very safe to operate and easy to service too. Because damage sometimes happens on sites, we use flat glass windows throughout the new JCB 57C-1 mini digger, as well as 100% steel bodywork, minimising possible replacement costs. With our class-leading greasing intervals of 500 hours, you can expect minimal downtime. Better still, our new monitor provides alerts on your excavator’s diagnostic status.

Engine revs reduce when the operator’s armrest is raised, improving fuel economy and noise levels. There’s a One-Touch Idle feature that conserves fuel too. Programmable auto idle, meanwhile, can be activated when the controls have been inactive for a period. Control your 57C-1 mini’s engine speed for different hydraulic flows by simply cycling through four different power bands: Light, Eco, Heavy and Heavy Plus. This means you can tailor performance to any application. The patented low-pressure return line circuit further improves fuel efficiency because the pump doesn’t need to overcome a very high pressure before work can start. Load-sensing hydraulics are standard-fit on this mini digger. This innovative feature means that your hydraulics only consume power on demand, conserving fuel for when you need it most.

NEW C80 CPU UNIT ENABLES FULL CNC PRODUCTION LINE INTEGRATION Mitsubishi Electric has launched a hyper fast CNC controller compatible with its most powerful iQ-R Series PLC platform. The new C80 CNC CPU unit mounts alongside an iQ-R Series PLC’s existing modules, allowing nanometre scale control over machine tool functions. When applied as part of an iQ-R Platform it contributes toward integrated control over an entire manufacturing production line. Not only does this improve overall performance, but due to ease of integration and a common programming environment - GX Works3 it can save a considerable amount of time in the design and commissioning phase. Being faster to install and commission reduces set-up costs, while replacing on machine controls with a full Mitsubishi Electric arrangement can also reduce hardware costs when used to control a CNC production line for example. The new C80 CNC Series enables a full production line control system to increase its added value and reduce its Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) in five key areas: improvements in productivity, ease of use, connectivity, functional safety and reliability. The C80 Series CNC controller made its European public debut at the SPS IPC Drives show in Nuremberg, Germany, 22-24 November 2016. The most important feature of the C80 CNC CPU module and iQ-R PLC combination according to Frederik Gesthuysen, Manager Key Account Customer, CNC Sales, Mitsubishi Electric Europe B.V., is the facility to manage complex production lines with a single control platform.

“The advantages of integrating a powerful CNC controller with our most advanced modular PLC, the iQ-R, is clearly the performance gain you get from having both devices communicating via a high speed bus; together they are able to coordinate and manage a complete production line from the robots and machine tools to the HMIs and overhead displays. Fast data management and perfectly synchronous operation not only speedsup production, but can improve quality and allow for more operations to be packed into a smaller space, both of which will increase profitability.”

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EVENTS

METEF

Verona, 21-24 June

In addition to a complete exposition from raw materials to transformations, technologies, machines and plants, products and applications, METEF gives all operators the state-of-the-art technology for recycling and metal recovery.

In the last edition, METEF registered over 400 exhibitors (30% being foreigners from 38 countries) trade delegations from 20 countries and over 10,000 operators (32% coming from 60 countries). www.metef.com

mcTER Bio-Gas

San Donato Milanese, 22 June

McTER Bio-Gas - Biomethane - Exhibition Conference Solutions and Technologies for Bio-Gas / Biomethane Plants is a vertical event that has come to the sixth edition and combines the exhibition feature with a training aspect. Visitors can find: an exhibition area with industry leaders, several conferences, workshops, courses, coffee-breaks and buffets offered by sponsors, PDF conferences, attendance certificates and training credits.

McTER Bio-Gas - Biomethane takes place concurrently with mcTER Cogeneration, mcTER Forest.

www.mcter.com

AMBIENTE LAVORO

Modena, 13-14 September

Ambiente Lavoro is a real opportunity to maximize your professional role through meetings with colleagues and other professionals playing the same role.

It relates to the current situation in the field of safety and occupational diseases, collecting on a single occasion those who participate in the Italian safety system. The 2017 edition incorporates this tradition, with a schedule full of ideas and a series of events aimed at offering moments of discussion and solutions for those who daily work to minimize the burden of accidents and deaths at work.

www.ambientelavoro.it

BOSTER NORD EST

Paluzza (UD), 15-17 September

The BOSTER Northeast Exhibition Fair is the counterpart of Boster Northwest, the largest Italian event entirely organized outside the Alpine area and devoted to the exploitation of forestry resources and to the sustainable management of mountain territory.

Boster’s distinctive feature is the development of a sort of tour route with exhibition and exposition sites where machines and equipment for forestry work, mountain farming and land maintenance are operated.

www.fieraboster.it

REMTECH

Ferrara, 20-22 September

RemTech is the most specialized Italian event on remediation of contaminated sites, protection and redevelopment of the territory. It addresses to a qualified and diversified community, consisting of private companies, public entities, universities and research centres, associations, professionals, industries, and oil and real estate fields. The program focus every year on topics of great interest: regulatory evolution, characterization, risk analysis, remediation technologies, research, innovation, monitoring, environmental controls, industry, sustainability.

www.remtechexpo.com

ECOMONDO

Rimini, 7-10 November

An international event with an innovative format that combines all sectors of the circular economy in a single platform: from material and energy recovery to sustainable development.

In the green and circular economy sector, Italy is at the forefront in Europe, particularly with respect to energy efficiency, waste recycling and resource productivity. For this reason, Ecomondo is positioned on the international scene as a benchmark meeting for all market leaders, in order to know trends, innovations and new technologies, and to allow the industry professionals to meet and discuss.

www.ecomondo.com

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