Primer of International Labour Law in comics by Marcos Vaz

Bringing the Judiciary closer to the citizen! The National Association of Labour Judges (Anamatra), an entity that congregates labour judges throughout Brazil, has created and developed, since 2004, the Labour, Justice and Citizenship Program, an initiative which brings together justice and education through citizenshipbuilding actions. Objectives Spread awareness about human rights, especially the rights of workers;  Encourage reflection about justice, ethics, work and citizenship;  Offer guidance regarding access to justice;  Bring the Judiciary closer to society. 

Didactic Materials Labour Primer comic book (over 100 thousand distributed copies);  Pocket Labour Primer;  Brazilian Federal Constitution, labour, social security and civil laws, Children and Adolescent Statute, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Labour Organization Conventions, publications on citizenship, ethics, labour and justice. 

Target Public 

Elementary and high school students, preferably from public schools; students in vocational schools, young and adult students and teachers.

Methodology Partnerships with public education organizations, schools and associations of judges and courts;  Training courses for teachers;  Talks given by judges, attorneys, lawyers, public servants and Law students directed to students participating in the Program;  Artistic activities performed by students, on the topics of labour, justice, ethics, citizenship, duties and rights of workers and employers;  Mock trials and judgments, conducted by the students, aside from visits to public forums and courts. 

Results (by May 2011) 22 Brazilian states applying the Labour, Justice and Citizenship Program;  5 thousand trained teachers;  50 thousand participating students;  Creation of multiplying factors to spread awareness of fundamental rights in their communities. 

The successful experience of the Labour, Justice and Citizenship Program inspired Anamatra and the ILO to create this Primer of International Labour Law in the form of a comic book, to spread awareness of international labour laws, particularly the ILO Fundamental Conventions. Thus, hoping to contribute to the effectuation of the rights and fundamental guarantees for people and to the strengthening of social justice. National Association of Labour Judges (Anamatra) Address: SHS, quadra 6, bloco E, conjunto A, salas 602 a 608 Ed. Business Center Park Brasília/ DF – CEP: 70316-000 Brazil www.anamatra.org.br

Presentation

nternational Labour Standards are the main instrument of the International Labour Organization (ILO) for the promotion of social justice in the world. The National Association of Labour Judges (Anamatra), an entity that represents over 3,500 labour judges throughout Brazil, shares the ideals that led to the elaboration of these norms. The labour rights are the genesis of the internationalization of fundamental human rights. They are inalienable victories for humanity. Unfortunately, however, many of these rights are still not being observed, partly due to not being known. Thus, publicizing them is essential. International norms and judicial decisions on the rights must be well understood and widely spread. Anamatra and the ILO believe that the respect for the labour principles and its labour fundamental rights will be achieved through initiatives that make decent work for men and women a reality, promoting the strengthening of social dialogue. It is with this vision that Anamatra and the ILO present the “Primer of International Labour Law in Comics”. Written in an accessible way, the Primer explains the content of the ILO Fundamental Conventions and offers a brief summary of the history of labour, of the struggles and victories of workers. It is to be distributed freely to spread knowledge about rights, a seed, an affirmation that projects the effectiveness of social rights. In all nations of the world, a Democratic Constitutional State, social progress and sustainable development will only be a reality when citizens are conscious of their rights and duties. Anamatra and the ILO wish that this primer may lead to increased knowledge and respect for the labour fundamental rights. However, the involvement of social actors, governments, workers, employers and all citizens is necessary for men and women throughout the world to be able to live together in a more fraternal and just society. Happy reading!

Renato Henry Sant’Anna Anamatra President

Laís Wendel Abramo

ILO Director Office in Brazil

“I congratulate Anamatra for publicizing, together with the ILO, the International Labour Rights norms, using modern methods capable of reaching the working family without cultural or geographic limits. With this objective, I would like to highlight the creation of this comic book primer, which will pike the interest of those without easy access to international norms, among which are the conventions and recommendations of the afore mentioned organization.” Minister Arnaldo Süssekind, one of the architects of Brazilian labour legislation, was a member of the Experts Commission of the International Labour Organization for 15 years and collaborated on the creation of this primer.

Primer of International Labour Law in comics TABLE OF CONTENTS Page

Part

Title

Workers of the World .............................................................. 05

A Brief History of Labour ......................................................... 08

The Rise of the Working Class ..................................................... 13

The International Labour Organization (ILO) ................................ 17

The ILO Fundamental Conventions ............................................ 20

5.1

Elimination of Forced Labour .................................................... 22 Convention no. 29 .................................................................. 22 Convention no. 105 ................................................................. 22

5.2

Freedom of Association, Unionisation and Collective Bargaining ........ 28 Convention no. 87 ................................................................... 28 Convention no. 98 ................................................................... 28

5.3

Equal Remuneration for Men and Women .................................. 30 Convention no. 100 ................................................................. 30

5.4

Non-discrimination in Terms of Employment and Occupation ........... 31 Convention no. 111 ................................................................... 31

5.5

Child Labour ......................................................................... 33 Convention no. 138 .................................................................. 33

5.6

Convention no. 182 ................................................................. 34

5.7

Nine Reasons why Children Should not Work ................................ 36

Labour Rigths are Human Rights ................................................ 41

The Future of Work ................................................................ 46

Closing ................................................................................. 49

Primer of International Labour Law in comics EXPEDIENT National Coordinator International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour – IPEC Technical review and ILO Language Renato J. Mendes

Anamatra President Renato Henry Sant’Anna Director of Citizenship and Human Rights Sandra Miguel Abou Assali Bertelli Committe for elaboration of the Primer of International Labour Law in comics - Anamatra Beatriz de Lima Pereira Eliete da Silva Telles Gustavo Fontoura Vieira Rosemeire Lopes Fernandes Communication Coordinator – Anamatra Adriana Zetula National Association of Labour Judges (Anamatra) Address: SHS, quadra 6, bloco E, conj. A, salas 602 a 608 Ed. Business Center Park Brasília/DF – CEP: 70316-000 Brazil www.anamatra.org.br cartilha@anamatra.org.br

ILO Ofﬁce Director in Brasil Laís Wendel Abramo

International Labour Organization - ILO Ofﬁce in Brazil Adress: Setor de Embaixadas Norte, Lote 35 Brasília/DF – CEP: 70800-400 – Brazil www.oit.org.br Marcos Vaz Productions Creation, argument and drawings Marcos Vaz Artwork Rodrigo Prado Digital coloring and effects Anderson Calixto George Brayner de Barros blog.marcosvaz.com.br www.marcosvaz.com.br www.brasilzinho.com.br contato@marcosvaz.com.br Copyright c 2011 Marcos Vaz Productions The characters of “Primer of International Labour Law in Comics” are owned by Marcos Vaz cartoonist, creator and owner of copyright.

Copies of this edition: 3.000 copies This booklet was produced in Portuguese, English, French and Spanish.

Realization