M M
ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO 2018
CURRICULUM VITAE PERSONAL INFORMATION MARIANA MORALES ESPINOSA 15 MARCH 1996 MONTERREY N.L., MEXICO mari150396@hotmail.com +52 8115182623
ACADEMIC FORMATION 2011 - 2013 2014 - PRESENT
TECNOLÓGICO DE MONTERREY, CAMPUS GARZA LAGÜERA TECNOLÓGICO DE MONTERREY, ARCHITECTURE GPA = 99
MONTERREY, N.L., MEXICO MONTERREY, N.L., MEXICO
ARCHITECTURE STUDIOS AUG 2015 JAN 2016 AUG 2016 JAN 2017 AUG 2017
ARCH. DESIGN STUDIO I , RESIDENTIAL ARCH. DESIGN STUDIO II , HOUSING ARCH. DESIGN STUDIO III , EDUCATIONAL ARCH. DESIGN STUDIO IV , COMMUNITARY ARCH. DESIGN STUDIO V , MIXED-USE
ARCH. LUIS VILLARREAL ARCH. RAUL BADÍA ARCH. MARCELO ESPINOSA ARCH. KAREN HINOJOSA ARCH. MARCELO ESPINOSA
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE 2015 SUMMER 2017 SUMMER OCT - DEC 2017
AM ARQUITECTURA DISTRITO TEC AM ARQUITECTURA
INTERN INTERN, MASTER PLAN DEPARTMENT, DIAGRAMS INTERN, MODELLING, PROJECT CONTRIBUTOR, PROJECT REPRESENTATION
HYDE PARK LIBRARY CITIZEN PARK ROME CONTEMPORARY CHAPEL PAPE OBSERVATORY TOWER BIENAL N.L. SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTS ENEA 2018 (SELECTED)
INTERNATIONAL REGIONAL, FINALIST INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL REGIONAL NATIONAL, FIRST PLACE & FINALIST
CONTESTS 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2018
WORKSHOPS 2015 2016 2017 2017 PRESENT
04
ACCESSIBILITY WORKSHOP FOR ADAPTATION OF SPACES FOR DISABLED PEOPLE , SEMANA i WORKSHOP "PENSANDO EN LOS NIÑOS" - ANALYSIS OF A LOCAL PARK AND DESIGN OF IMPROVEMENT PROPOSALS , SEMANA i WORKSHOP OF DIGITAL ILLUSTRATION , CANNALETTOS DESIGNING A FOOD FACTORY WORKSHOP , SEMANA i WORKSHOP OF ARCHITECTURAL ILLUMINATION , ITESM
EXHIBITIONS AUG 2016 JAN 2017 AUG 2017 OCT 2017 APR 2017 MAY 2017 JAN 2018 FEB 2018 MAR 2018
PROYECTA EXHIBITION, ITESM PROYECTA EXHIBITION, ITESM PROYECTA EXHIBITION, ITESM BIENAL EXHIBITION, SCHOOL OF N.L. ARCHITECTS RUTA E EXHIBITION, ITESM FINALIST EXHIBITION, SCHOOL OF N.L. ARCHITECTS PROYECTA EXHIBITION, ITESM RUTA E ENEA 2018 (WINNERS)
HOUSING COMPLEX, ARCH. DESIGN STUDIO II DESIGN CENTER, ARCH. DESIGN STUDIO III CITIZEN PARK, ARCH. DESIGN STUDIO IV CITIZEN PARK DESIGN CENTER CITIZEN PARK F.U.G. COMPLEX, ARCH. DESIGN STUDIO V F.U.G. COMPLEX, ARCH. DESIGN STUDIO V DUAL / EPICENTRE
PUBLICATIONS AUG 2015 JAN 2016 AUG 2016 JAN 2017 AUG 2017
PANORAMA TEC, ITESM, SECOND HIGHEST GPA OF ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL PANORAMA TEC, ITESM, SECOND HIGHEST GPA OF ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL PANORAMA TEC, ITESM, HIGHEST GPA OF ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL PANORAMA TEC, ITESM, HIGHEST GPA OF ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL PANORAMA TEC, ITESM, HIGHEST GPA OF ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL
LANGUAGES SPANISH ENGLISH FRENCH
NATIVE ADVANCED , TOEFL 597 B LEVEL BASIC , DELF ACCREDITED B1 LEVEL
SOFTWARE SKILLS AUTODESK AUTOCAD 2D AUTODESK REVIT ARCH. SKETCHUP ADOBE PHOTOSHOP ADOBE LLUSTRATOR VRAY FOR SKP RHINOCEROS AUTODESK 3D MAX
ADVANCED LEVEL ADVANCED LEVEL ADVANCED LEVEL ADVANCED LEVEL ADVANCED LEVEL ADVANCED LEVEL INTERMEDIATE LEVEL BASIC LEVEL
MS OFFICE PACKAGE
ADVANCED LEVEL
MANUAL SKILLS SKETCHING HANDDRAWING PAINTING MODEL MAKING
ADVANCED LEVEL ADVANCED LEVEL ADVANCED LEVEL ADVANCED LEVEL
05
PROJECTS RESIDENTIAL
CULTURAL
EDUCATIONAL
2018
P.78
P.86
2017
P.42
2016
P.64
2015
P.96
06
PUBLIC SPACE
URBAN
MIXED USE
P.32 P.08 P.54
P.22
07
F.U.G. COMPLEX The project responds strongly to the surrounding context by incorporating two main site factors to its form definition. At first, the pedestrian and vehicle’s flows generate a dinamic context. Then, the project also responds by merging into the existent buildings and metro line by appling a transect, which generates a gradual growth of height. Both factors are then involved in an experimental methodology, which results in a curved surface. The F.U.G. Complex intends to generate a new kind of urbanism, a urbanism in which exterior and interior spaces are merged and complemented with one another. It’s program involves a mixed use program including housing, offices, commerce and a cultural center.
08
STUDIO PROF. DESIGN SITE
Arch. Design Studio V Arch. Marcelo Espinosa December 2017 Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
DESIGN FACTORS Context’s people and car flows are projected into the site bouncing in equivalent angles inside project’s site.
Transect is applied to blend the project with the surrounding context.
09
MONTERREY, N.L., MEXICO The site is located in the center of Monterrey, a highly occupied area with in the city, but including mainly low height constructions. As shown, the site is the main connection node, in which four main streets converge. Also, the site is frequently transited by people which uses the different metro stations and people who use the school, which is also part of the block.
10
Main Roads Urban Buffers at 400 m. River Green Area Metro Starion
DESIGN FACTORS
The design methodology involves an experimental manipulation of the site’s existent flows, which are considered to enter the site and bounce in its limits by reflecting in same angles.
1
PEDESTRIAN FLOWS The two main pedestrian flows come from the metro starion and the school. This flows are important to consider because of the necessity of connecting the project with people transiting the site.
2
1
VEHICLE FLOWS 2
Two main vehicle flows are shown in the diagram, which represent the two main streets that affect directly the site, because of their vehicle density and the large amount of distance in touch with the site.
TRANSECT As shown in the diagram, transect is an important concept that needs to be applied to the project by the way the low height constructions connect to a large scale building and the existent metro line. Metro station (high construction) Low height constructions
11
FORM GENERATION An experimental design methodology is applied by intersecting the two main factors, flows and transect.
1. EXISTENT SITE
2. PEDESTRIAN AND VEHICLE FLOWS ARE ADDED TO THE EXISTENT SITE
3. TRANSECT IS GENERATED BY COVERING THE SITE WITH A SURFACE THAT BLENDS WITH THE EXISTING LOW CONSTRUCTIONS AND METRO
4. A CENTROID IS TAKEN FROM EVERY REFLECTED LINE AND THEN PROJECTED TO THE SURFACES, GENERATING DIFFERENT HEIGHTS
5. AN AVERAGE SURFACE IS CREATED
6. THE MOST DENSE INTERSECTION POINTS ARE PROJECTED TO THE SURFACE, FOR THEN, CREATING PUBLIC SPACE IN THE STREET LEVEL
12
FORM GENERATION
7. SURFACE ALREADY BEING TRANSFORMED BY THE CREATION OF PUBLIC SPACE
8. SURFACE IS THEN ALSO CHANGED BECAUSE OF THE NEED OF CREATING ENTRANCES FOR PEOPLE AND BY ADDING THE HEIGHTS NEEDED.
9. SLABS ARE ADDED TO THE RESULTANT SURFACE
10. FINAL DISPOSITION OF SLABS
11. IN RESPONSE TO THE BIG FLOOR PLANS, ATRIUMS ARE GENERATED BY DOING AN OFFSET TO THE EXTERIOR CONTOUR TO LET MORE LIGHT AND VENTILATION IN.
12. IN RESPONSE TO THE BIG FLOOR PLANS, ATRIUMS ARE GENERATED BY DOING AN OFFSET TO THE EXTERIOR CONTOUR TO LET MORE LIGHT AND VENTILATION IN.
13
PROGRAM The mixed use building responds to the required meter square for every program and creates a PUBLIC to PRIVATE transition with in the ascending levels.
Housing is provided with the most private spaces. Public access allows commerce to have more contact with public.
The metro station functions as a main source of people.
OfďŹ ces are located in a semi-public area.
Main circulation access, which facilitates the entrance to the complex.
Comercial interior-exterior area Shops, green areas and multipurpose platform.
14
Housing (30,360 m2) OfďŹ ces (8,810 m2) Commerce (20,460 m2) Cultural (4,960 m2)
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONALITY The project contains a conventional structural system, which allows modulation and an easier construction. Circulation and installation cores are also strategically located to provide the building mobility and services.
Main circulation and installation cores
Conventional structural system which consists basically in a modulation of columns arranged in a regular grid.
Regular column grid with stepped cantilivered slabs.
Bridge like structure.
The upper floor loads are descend in a pyramid way.
15
PLANS
Floor Plan I
Master Plan
16
m.
PLANS
Floor Plan III
Floor Plan II m.
17
PLANS
Floor Plan V
Cultural center Multipurpose area which can host public art expositions and recreational activities.
18
Floor Plan IV m.
ELEVATIONS
North Elevation
West Elevation
South Elevation
East Elevation m.
19
SECTIONS
Longitudinal Section
Cross Section m.
20
MODEL
21
CITIZEN PARK The citizen park arises as a struggle for the rights that we have as a community, which is why the project gives rise to activities that promote democracy, coexistence, the free expression of ideas and that also fulďŹ ll the function of providing a green area with spaces for rest, relaxation and connection with nature. On the other hand, the park is an accessible and inclusive place, respecting its uses, customs and current flora, also serving as a mean of connection that facilitates access and pedestrian flows.
22
CONTEST PRICE PROF DESIGN SITE TEAM
Parque Ciudadano Finalist Arch. Karen Hinojosa May 2017 Monterrey, N.L., Mexico Ezekiel Flores Rohan Shenoy
23
MONTERREY, N.L., MEXICO Project’s site is located in the center of Monterrey. It is surrounded mainly by government offices, local commerce, and public areas. The site lacks good illumination and urban furniture.
24
Green Areas Urban Buffers at 200 m. River Proyect Site
SITE ANALYSIS The study of urban context reveals that the most concurrent users are those related to the surrounding government ofďŹ ces, visits related to the surrounding public spaces and local commerce, as well as occasional visits of children and citizen associations.
PARKING LOTS
GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS
GREEN PUBLIC AREAS
LOCAL COMMERCE
25
DESIGN FACTORS Several factors were used to determine the design of the park, among which is the factor of the conservation of the existing flora, the facilitation of pedestrian flows and the creation of an inclusive multifunctional space.
1. Actual Pedestrian Flows
2. Actual Pedestrian Flows + Ideal Flows
3. Resultant Pathways + Respect to Existant Flora + Proposed Vegetation
4. Emphasis of the project’s center
5. Adding “Citizen Platform”
6. Final definition of the project
26
MASTER PLAN
ILLUMINATION The lighting was designed to increase the security of the park. The lamps were strategically placed along all the pathways and important areas. VEGETATION The vegetation was determined by selecting native trees and shrubs that would give the park more appeal. These, require little irrigation and support the climate of the site, plus they go according to a deďŹ ned color palette, which helps the relaxation of the users according to the theory of color.
ILLUMINATION PLAN
Duraznillo
Mimbre
Cenizo
Pennisetum
Lantana
27
FURNITURE DIAGRAMS The furniture responds to the intention of generating spaces of coexistence, giving rise to diverse activities, where the citizen can participate and appropriate the park. Likewise, it was designed in an inclusive manner and accessible to all. Concrete was considered as the main material due to its durability, moldability and low cost.
28
SECTIONS
For landscape design, the human scale was considered as an important factor, involving the user in a natural and different environment. This was done through the consideration of native plants that had different heights to hide the barriers of the context, thus creating a positive environment.
CROSS SECTION
LONGITUDINAL SECTION
29
30
31
D V L MASTER PLAN V
mexico city, "the ring of fire" Three phenomena have impacted ground zero since 1911, generating great structural and social damage. The earthquake of the angel (1957), earthquake of 85 (1985) and earthquake "the impossible" (2017). Being the last one, the one of greater intensity and the generator of conscience and resilience before the contingency. The neighborhood called “La Condesa� is an area characterized by its broad and wooded boulevards, connected in every way and consolidated in its funding. It is the most affected area in Mexico City due to the earthquake of September 19th, generating great fear, pain and loss. La Condesa becomes a zone of great importance for concentrating the greater number of damages by the earthquake. "but where danger grows, what also saves also grows." -friedrich holderlin The problem of chaos and its consequences, generates the need to save the area, making it a Dual zone. Objective: Generate architectural elements that produce a memory about the emergency, that provide spaces for physical and spiritual protection, and spaces that produce resilience through research, experimentation and social awareness before the emergency.
32
CONTEST National Architecture Student Competition PROF. Arch. Pedro Pacheco Vzq. DESIGN March 2018 SITE Mexico City, Mexico TEAM Kathia Castillo Osmar Shaugun Marlon Castelluccio PRICE First Place
33
MEXICO CITY, MEXICO The master plan is located in the neighborhood La Condesa, a well known and high class zone where most of the collapsed buildings took place in the past earthquake.
Urban Buffers at 800 m. Proyect Site
34
GENERAL PROBLEMATICS Lack of ediďŹ cation for the emergency
Lack of awareness for the emergency
Abandonment of buildings because of fear
Damaged buildings
SITE DIAGNOSIS Weaknesses Strengths
Ecumenical Center Immediate Help Center
Lack of Public Space Central and accessible area
Gallery of Collective Memory on Emergency
Major Disaster Zone Area of High Pedestrian Concentration, Silence and Contemplation
Experimentation Center and Social Awareness
Collapse Zone Important Mobility Point
35
ANร LISIS DE FACTORES EXISTENTES The main avenue called Nuevo Leรณn is the backbone of La Condesa and constitutes the center of the disaster zone. This is also a dynamic point in the city, due to its centrality and consolidation.
SIMBOLOGY Major Damage Bikeway Partial Collapse Total Collapse Green Area Metro Station Main Road Microbus Stop Emblematic Monument Collapse Memorial or Museum Meeting Point Religious Building Education
36
Outstanding Lots
Saltillo 19 687.19 m2 Previous departmental building Major damage Next to demolish
Ámsterdam 25 341.24 m2 Previous house Total collapse Next to demolish
Álvaro Obregón 286 764.05 m2 Previous departmental building Partial collapse Currently demolished
37
PROPOSAL A guiding axis is proposed that connects the three typologies that represent the Before, During and After the emergence through the dual materialization and signaling. Each typology is located at a point of collapse or greater damage from a deep analysis of the context, this in order to create an atmosphere relevant to what each one represents. Likewise, multifunctional structures are proposed that act as refuge during the emergency and as places of appropriation of public space that complement the function and scope of the Immediate Help Center.
SIMBOLOGY Experimentation Center and Social Awareness Gallery of Collective Memory on Emergency Ecumenical Center Immediate Help Center Structures for protection against risk and appropriation of public space Connection axis Main Road Bikeway Intervention
38
800 m. After
0 40
m.
40
0m
.
Before
During
CONNECTION THROUGH A ROAD AXIS
INCLUSIVE SIGNALING
DUAL MATERIALITY OF THE THREE BUILDINGS
STRUCTURE OF REFUGE / PUBLIC SPACE
39
VOLUMETRIC PROPOSAL
Itinerant Structure in case of emergency
Classrooms 40 m2
Parking Lots 14 spots Multipurpose 250 m2
Services 130 m2
Spiritual Zone 100 m2 Green Area / Natural Barrier
Ecumenical Center Immediate Help Center Space destined to support in the now and during the emergency the people affected psychologically or ďŹ nancially, through a space of support.
40
Gallery of Co Memory on Em
Space designed to resp generating a quiet, peacef to meditate and raise awa
ollective mergeny
pect past events, ful place in which areness.
Selling Area 130 m2
Exhibition 650 m2 Administration 22 m2 Exhibition 135 m2
Public Space 200 m2
Administration 75 m2
Green Area
Services 135 m2
Public Space 200 m2
Green Area / Natural Barrier Public Space 95 m2
Underground Parking Lots 20 spots
Experimentation Center and Social Awareness Space to generate knowledge before the emergency, to avoid that the loss is repeated.
41
THE LIVING BOOK the digital revolution is taking over the essence of libraries, the book culture has been on a decline, and as evolving humans we should seek the adaptation of new technologies into libraries to connect individuals into the world of books. books have been a beacon for humans to unify in the way we feel, express and in the way we see the world. the project appears as a living book, a book for all people and that is conceived through the understanding of its immediate context, without harming any tree. the library respects the horizontality of the context and through its transparency, the building disappears with the foliage. the glass panels are screens that project the thoughts and the stories of those willing to share. the volume contorts to provide the optimal visual directions of the lake, and the volumes respect the contextual trees. the library program is a metaphor for the transition of knowledge from the past to the future: the first floor, corresponding to a prior time of social transmission of knowledge through community and recreation. the second floor symbolizes the present times where knowledge is shared through physical records. the third floor embodies the connection of the present with the future, through technological advances. the library is the physical manifestation of people where they can leave behind a piece of themselves, creating a sense of belonging to the library, making the library a living book written with the voices of many ...
42
CONTEST PROF. DESIGN SITE TEAM
Hyde Park Library Arch. Karen Hinojosa February 2017 Hyde Park, London, England Ezekiel Flores Rohan Shenoy
CONCEPT
BOOK STACKING
THREE STORY BUILGING
BUILDING RESPONDS TO NATURE
43
HYDE PARK, LONDON, ENGLAND Hyde Park is a Grade I-registered major park in Central London. Free speech and demonstrations have been a key feature of it since the 19th century. The project’s site is full of trees and horizontality prevails over verticality.
44
Hyde Park Urban Buffers at 400 m. Serpentine Lake Proyect Site
FORMAL DEFINITION Formal deďŹ nition starts with the idea of a stacking of of books, but without touching any of the existent trees. The perfect square shape is abandoned to provide spaces with more area. The second floor is connected with bridges to unify the project.
1. TREE CONSERVATION
2. CONNECTIVITY
3. TREE CONSERVATION + CONNECTIVITY
4. TREE CONSERVATION + LAKE VIEWS
45
SPATIAL INTERACTIONS The project generates multiple circulations, but they mainly concentrate in an horizontal axis through the three volumes. In the ďŹ rst level the project create public exterior areas which can be used even while raining. Also the lake and surrounding trees create excellent views for the users. USER FLOW
SURROUNDING VIEWS
PUBLIC EXTERIOR AREAS
MASTER PLAN
46
Smart phone app that sends texts to screens. LCD screens that project people’s texts.
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONALITY The structure of the project is based in columns with two different diameters and circulations are conformed of stairs and elevators to provide accesibility.
30 and 60 cm column sections provides rigidity.
Bookshelves to highlight transparency and screens.
Aesthetics of columns help harmonize with surrounding trees.
Suspended shelves house 13,000 books.
47
PROGRAM The program considerates a variety of activities which create the library of the future. A library in which people can access to printed information as well as electronic information, creating a link between the past and the future technologies. The library’s program goes from the “past” in the ground floor to the “future” in the third floor.
PC
RELAX
MEDIA PHOTO RECORD
SCREENS
READ
SHOP PLAY STACKS
OFFIC
W
FO
48
CES
FILES
WC
TEACH
SCREENS READ INFO
SHARE
STACKS READ
WC
OOD
49
PLANS
Floor Plan I
Master Plan
50
PLANS
Floor Plan III
Floor Plan II
51
ELEVATIONS
North Elevation
East Elevation
South Elevation
West Elevation
52
SECTIONS
Cross Section I
Cross Section II
Longitudinal Section
53
SONO PARK METRO STATION The Sono Park project starts with the analysis of its surrounding factors and the proposal of an added parasite to the existent metro line to create around it a public space, which can reactivate the zone. The project responds mainly to the site’s problematic of noise pollution generated by the highly transited streets, almost all day long, and through an experimental design, generating a urban infrastructure which can isolate people from the daily stress and offer them a green area in which activities such as skating, parkouring, bicycling, or even walking can take place. By solving also, the lack of green areas in the zone, the Sono Park becomes a lung to the surrounding neighbors, offering a methodology that could be repeated along all metro lines to offer people a different ways to do excersice and have fun.
54
STUDIO PROF DESIGN SITE
Arch. Studio V Arch. Marcelo Espinosa August 2017 Pape, Latvia
MAJOR SITE FACTORS
55
Monterrey, N.L., Mexico The site is located in the center of Monterrey, a highly occupied area with in the city, but including mainly low height constructions. As shown, the site is the main connection node, in which four main streets converge and because of that the site is highly polluted with noise. There are no green areas available in walkable distances.
56
Main Roads Urban Buffers at 400 m. River Green Area Metro Starion
SITE ANALYSIS The site analysis starts with the sound analysis and the different sources that produce it in the site. While the metro station sound waves travel in a back and forth movement, the trafďŹ c sound waves travel in only one direction, but the trafďŹ c lights also generate points of more noise density than others.
metro sound waves back and forth direction
car one direction sound waves
traffic lights generating spaces with more noise density
57
DESIGN METHODOLOGY The design methodology starts by representing the sound waves in the metro line and generating a surface from it.
1. Existing site and metro line.
2. Sound waves of the metro are ďŹ rst represented as if it was starionary.
3. The moving metro generates different and gradual lenghts of sound waves, which respond to movement.
4. The sound waves are repeated in the opposite direction.
58
DESIGN METHODOLOGY Then, the surface is triangulated to make the structure more functional and modular.
A surface is generated from the waves shown and also responding to the noise acumulation in the trafďŹ c lights by contracting above them.
Openings to let sound out
The smooth surface is then triangulated, and for sound to scape from the inside activities some triangular panels are removed.
A tubular steel structure is added to support the concrete panels. The project is also made more wide to properly let circulations pass though it.
Finally the methodology is applied to merge the “parasite� with the metro terminal, showin that the methodology can easily adapt to any other station.
59
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONALITY Circulations in the project develop in an interesting way, by providing two lateral ramps which embrace the whole lenght.The ramps not only allow people who visit the park to comfortably walk through the park, but also generate an interestingconnection to the irregular floor. Structure consists mainly in steel bar supporting the project and laying in the existent metro structure.
CIRCULATIONS
Access through street
Ramps
Access through metro station
STRUCTURE
Steel bar supports
60
PROGRAM The program develops in an interesting way, by adapting to what the triangulated structure provides. The floor turns into a skateboarding rink, while the walls turn into climbing walls, and ďŹ nally the roof is converted into a green panel structure.
Climbing Walls Skateboarding Rink (Skate, Bicycling, Parkouring) Green Roofs Circulations
61
PLANS
Master Plan
Floor Plan
North/South Elevation
Longitudinal Section
62
63
ITESM DESIGN CENTER The present project is located within the Campus Tec Monterrey, in Monterrey Nuevo Leon. Its main objective is to provide a variety of spaces that satisfy the needs both academic, social and urban, within the campus. For this, they took in consideration the most important variants of the district regeneration plan tec which are; use of facade that minimizes the increase of temperatures and the energetic consumption, green roofs, orientation elements, access to public spaces, promote pedestrian flows thus reducing road distances and the creation of outdoor public spaces. Likewise, for the formal design was taken into consideration three fundamental factors, which respond to the variants already mentioned; adequate flows for the pedestrian, spatial experience that produces pleasant views and conservation of trees. These three factors give a unique identity to the project, at the same time have a high relevance in terms of beneďŹ ts, not only to students, but also to the environment.
64
STUDIO PROF DESIGN SITE TEAM
Arch. Design Studio III Arch. Marcelo Espinosa December 2016 Monterrey, N.L., Mexico Ezekiel Flores
DESIGN FACTORS
Adequate pathways for pedestrians
Spatial experience that produces pleasant views
Conservation of trees
65
ITESM CAMPUS, MONTERREY, N.L., MEXICO The site is located inside Campus Monterrey ITESM, surrounded by trees and other educational buildings and it is part of Distrito Tec, a new model for the improvement of the Campus. Because of its big green areas, the Campus is considered as an important carbon absorbing area.
66
Proyect Site Urban Buffers at 200 m. Campus ITESM
DESIGN METHODOLOGY Adequate pathways for pedestrians
Spatial experience that produces pleasant views
Shorten distances to generate a building friendly to pedestrians
Design careers demand a high average hours on campus due to design studios
FIRST LEVEL
SECOND LEVEL
THIRD LEVEL
VISUALS
VISUALS
Conservation of trees Importance of the Campus as a carbon absorbing area
FORTH LEVEL
TREE CONSERVATION
VISUALS
PEDESTRIAN FLOWS
TREE CONSERVATION
FINAL PLAN’S SCHEME
TREE CONSERVATION
67
PROGRAM
The design center, which consists of 19,300 square meters of construction, houses all the necessary spaces for the academic development of more than 2,000 students of the design careers, inside which are inserted workshops, work areas, terraces, classrooms, among others.
General Workshops Areas of Individual Work Exposition Halls
OfďŹ ces of Teachers and Directors Areas of Advice Meeting Rooms
Computer Rooms Model Rooms Artistic drawing Sculpture Workshop Photography
Basic Design Classrooms
Traditional Classrooms
Galleries
Print Center Bookshop Accessible Files Materials Store
68
Basic Design Classrooms
Cafeteria Construction Workshops and Prototypes
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONALITY CIRCULATIONS
STRUCTURE
Roof level without vertical circulations
Columns are added respecting the axes structural underground parking Two vertical circulations and complete connectivity between them Columns are used on reticular shafts 8 x 8 meters, are added pratt armor for hold the clear Three vertical circulations without connectivity
Columns are used on reticular shafts 8 x 8 meters Three vertical circulation and complete connectivity through the bridge Columns are used on reticular shafts 8 x 8 meters, are added pratt armor for hold the bridge Three vertical circulations at floor level Columns are used on reticular shafts 8 x 8 meters, the auditorium has its own structural system
69
PLANS
Floor Plan II
Floor Plan I
70
PLANS
Floor Plan IV
Floor Plan III
71
ELEVATIONS
North Elevation
East Elevation
South Elevation
72
West Elevation
SECTIONS
Longitudinal Section I
Cross Section I
Longitudinal Section II
Cross Section II
73
74
75
MODEL
76
MODEL
77
EPI CENTRE epicentre is defined as "point or focus of seismic movement where it acquires its maximum capacity of force" and also as "place from which something that tends to spread originates". the project is conceived as the response to the affectations caused by the earthquake on september 19, 2017 on street รกlvaro obregรณn 286 in mexico city. the site can be said to be the epicenter due to the amount of that happening, however epicentro stands on this site to be a new detonator that progues knowledge, awareness and research that helps prevent preventable damage and is ready for the next emergency.
78
CONTEST National Architecture Student Competition PROF. Arch. Pedro Pacheco Vzq. DESIGN March 2018 SITE Mexico City, Mexico PRICE Finalist
79
MEXICO CITY, MEXICO The site is located in the neighborhood La Condesa, a well known and high class zone where most of the collapsed buildings took place in the past earthquake. Its immediate context is a dynamic vehicular node which makes the site a crucial and highly visited place.
80
Urban Buffers at 200 m. Proyect Site
SITE ANALYSIS The site is a dynamic place, located right in front of a vehicular node that connects main streets in the area.
main streets that make up the node
secondary streets
green areas
MASTER PLAN Alvaro Obregรณn 286 Mexico City
81
CONCEPT In view of the destruction that was located on the site, the possibility of creating a Research and Experimentation Center was created, in which a journey that leads visitors from before, during and after the emergency is generated, thus provoking a deeper understanding of the subject and preparing the population through research to generate resilience in the face of the next emergency,
1. Epicentre that caused losses
AFTER
DURING
BEFORE
2. Need to create a path through the different moments of an emergency
3. The program is placed according to the three main moments of an emergency; Before, During and After
4. Program located in the project
5. A new epicenter that spreads knowledge and resilience
82
CONCEPT Path from the Memory plaza to the Research Cubicles.
SIMBOLOGY
Structural Tree
Before During After
Concrete Bunker
83
PROGRAM The program is placed with respect to the three moments of the emergency, locating the services in a "bunker" while the didactic program is placed in the "structural tree". SIMBOLOGY
Memory Plaza Access, Shop and Cafeteria Simulator + Exposition Investigation Center + Exposition Plate Shock + Exposition Permanent Exposition Operation Center with Visitors Zone Research Cubicles and Administration Services
3RD FLOOR Employees’ Toilets
Terrace of Reflection 2ND FLOOR
1ST FLOOR Public Toilets
GROUND FLOOR
Public Toilets + Cleaning
Bicycle Racks
BASEMENT
Machine room, warehouses and garbage
84
FUNCTIONALITY
Structural Steel Frame Steel Tensors
CISTERN
Reinforced Concrete Foundation Slab
Reinforced Concete Footing
DURING & AFTER EMERGENCY
SUSTAINABILITY
STRUCTURAL CRITERIA
Durante la emergencia el edificio protege a las personas, Después de la emergencia la plaza se convierte en alberge y las áreas de exposición en refugio
El proyecto debido a su materialidad recibe gran cantidad de luz natural y ventilación cruzada, Así mismo cuenta con recolección de agua a través de una cisterna,
El proyecto se divide en dos sistemas estructurales separados, el “bunker” a compresión y “el árbol” a tensión, Siendo estos unidos por una junta fría de dilatación,
85
PAPE BIRD OBSERVATION TOWER Pape nature park is a place of reunion and communion between humans and nature. The bird observation tower becomes part of the representation of the reunion of humans, birds and animals. The tower stands as a platform that allows people to interact with the migrating birds . Pape park history is full with achievements that regenerated natural life cycle from the site, that previously was driven out from agriculture. The aim of the project is to respond to site conditions, animal species, and a low cost- energy efficient constructive process that doesn’t interrupt Pape’s natural wildlife . The tower stands as a light structure that can be lost in the lanscape, allowing animals, birds and humans to use it and interact with it. The tower intervention complements the value of Pape Park by allowing human - animals species’ interactions and honoring wildlife. The tower becomes the home of the park where life is appreciated.
86
CONTEST Pape Bird Observation Tower in Latvia DESIGN November 2017 SITE Pape, Latvia TEAM Ezekiel Flores Santiago Borda
FORM GENERATION
87
PAPE NATURAL PARK, PAPE, LATVIA The Pape Nature Park opened in 2003 and is located in the South-West region of Latvia, in the districts of NÄŤca and Rucava. The park is a nature reserve in the south west region of Latvia, approximately 45km south of Liepaja. The entire park stretches over 10886 hectares, and is made up of mainly bogs, meadows and dunes surrounding Lake Pape.
88
Roads Urban Buffers at 200 m. Lake Pape Proyect Site
CONCEPT DESIGN 11.00
6.30
360 VIEW The platforms were designed in a radial disposition, situating circulations in the center. Allowing people to have a total 360 experience.
MAXIMUM HEIGHTS
STRUCTURE PERMEABILITY
BRIDGE
The heights of the platforms were designed in order for people to reach the best views possible with the allowed 11m. height. Creating a 360 platform which surpases 10m.
The modular structure allows permeability to integrate the tower with the wild life. The tower’s materiality allows also to use less materials, being an environmental friendly construction.
The bridge instead of being linear, it’s breaked in order to create different view angles, that allow the user to experience the landscape and the tower in a different way.
89
PROJECT FUNDAMENTALS
FEASBILITY Enviroment
Climate conditions
Tower’s Life Cycle
Materials
Susteinability
The project responds to the site considering the lowest quantity of materials possible and their easy transportation to the Pape nature park. The building responds to the enviroment loosing itself in the landscape, being useful and permeable for animals to cross through it and stand in it, as a medium for users to connect them with the species that sorrund pape nature park.
Due to the humid or wet climate, the project is developed understanding that water should go away easily during raining. Each floor has stainless steel grating that allows permeability and prevents that the materials absorve water. This material and special material treatments will allow the tower to last longer.
Wood: Valrosa Coating Ignifire treatment. Allows to prevent the wood from fires and gives it a water proof coating. Concrete: Long term water proof coating. Steel: Anticorrosive treatment for durability and to prevent oxidation
Reinforced Concrete is used in the foundations of the tower and in the pillars. Stainless Steel is used in the membrane conections from the exterior structure and in the stairs allowing the structure to be light. Wood is used in the slabs and in the exterior angular elements allowing a light structure able to deal with tension forces due to the movement.
The project was developed using a small amount of materials and elements, creating an interior space with light materials and an easy constructive process based on creating prefabricated steel and wood pieces. Having the less amount of materials and also using prefabricated elements decreases the effort to take materials to site and time for the construction.
90
PLANS
Floor Plan III
Floor Plan II
Floor Plan I
m.
1.00
3.00
91
SPACE AND STRUCTURE
Steel membrane connection to railing ring
Structural slab system
Steel membrane connection with tube
Steel connections with slab
Wood supports for angular columns
Stair modules
Steel membrane connection
Railing modules
Steel column for stairs
Steel foundation connection
Elevation
92
m.
1.00
6.00
93
CONSTRUCTION PIECES COUNT
94
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS SIMULATION Almost all of the constructive elements where modulated, so that the construction process became way much easier, faster and with the less amount of waste. The constructive process starts with the foundation, which consists on eight reinforced concrete piles which reach firm earth and a reinforced concrete slab. Steel connections that connect the building with the concrete slab are also soaked in concrete and welded to the foundation steel. The tower exoskeleton is constructed following the same steps in every level (placement of the wood lumbers followed by the placement of the steel connections), and finally in each level the slab is supported in the steel connections of the exoskeleton. At the end the bridge is constructed by placing first the main wood structure and finally adding the wood planks that conform the platform and stairs.
95
SCHOOL IN SITALA the project starts a request of designing a rural school in onw of the poorest places in mexico. as the result of a demographic investigation its determined that chiapas is the state with the highest illiteracy rate in all mexico with 24.3% of its population been illiterate. inside chiapas, sitala isthe poorest municipalty. the community selected inside sitala is called “san francisco la union” which is 6.6km drawn away from its center with 38% of illiteracy and its lenght of schooling is only 2.75 years. the lack of education and oportunities in this community is noticeable, so the project was decided to take place in it. the school’s design considers three main intentions, the first one is to connect san francisco la unión with two neighbor communities which are also really far from the center by an existing road and give service to all of the children of those three communities, the second is to consider the climate as a designing factor because of the site’s humid, rainy and hot climate, and the last one is to take into account the local materials as the only resource available.
96
STUDIO PROF. DESIGN SITE
Arch. Design Studio III Arch. Marcelo Espinosa August 2016 Mexico, Chiapas, Sitala, San Francisco la Uniรณn Community
97
SAN FRANCISCO LA UNION, SITALA, MEXICO The chosen site is located in a mountain peak between three communities which lack education oportunities. It’s located in the highest point of the mountain to provide fresh air and natural ventilation and in the convergence point of the three existent roads. The school is located in a point that makes it available to the communities, but closer to San Francisco la Union because of its larger number of children.
98
Mountain peak Urban Buffers at 400 m. Communities Proyect Site
DESIGN METHODOLOGY Wind flow and its direction defines the emplacement of the school. First by locating the average dominant winds, then by generating guide lines and finally by placing modules that are shaped with an specific angle to provide natural ventilation.
AVERAGE DOMINANT WINDS SITALA
1. WIND DIRECTION
2. LINEAR DATA FROM WIND FLOW
3. OPTIMAL ANGLE OF WIND SPEED FOR HUMAN COMFORT 0°
°2
20
4. DISPLACEMENT OF GENERATED ANGLES
5. FINAL FORM
99
FORMAL DEFINITION The volumes that were generated from the site analysis are then shaped to fulfill all of the site’s climate conditions. Pilotis are used to raise the school to prevent flooding and inclinated roofs provide a ventury effect in the interior spaces. 1. FINAL FORM 3D
2. EXTRUSION OF VOLUMES AND INCLINATION OF ROOFS
3. INCLINATED ROOFS GENERATE VENTURY EFFECT
4. VOLUMES ARE RAISED TO AVOID FLOODING
5. STAIRS CONNECT GROUND LEVEL WITH THE BUILDING
100
MATERIALITY Site analysis also revealed that existent constructions are mainly composed of bricks made with local earth, concrete, iron laminate and bamboo. These materials were applied to the project to make it even more feasable.
iron laminate stairs and slab made with local concrete
gutter that prevents water enter interior spaces
lattice made with local bamboo
walls and columns made with local earth
101
PROGRAM The program is deďŹ ned by a demographic investigation which reveals that a total of 96 children live in the three communities. A maximum of 32 children are considered per classroom, having a total of 3 classrooms. Also a multipurpose room for various activities including recreational classes and a library are also added. In total the project provides 230 m2 of classrooms, 89 m2 of of library and multipurpose room and 25 m2 of sanitary services. The project also considers giving service to teenagers from 15 years and older in a afteroon shift.
102
103
PLANS
Floor Plan I
Master Plan
104
ELEVATIONS AND SECTIONS
Northwest Elevation
SouthWest Elevation
Cross Section
Longitudinal Section
105
106
107