AsAsa amanuscript manuscript
Marina Matashova
Marina Matashova
OPTIMIZACION ECO-URBANISTICA OF THE RIVERSIDE AREAS (case study of Khabarovsk city)
ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF THE RIVERSIDE AREAS OF A LARGE CITY ANNEXOS (caseTheses studyfor of aKhabarovsk city) scientific degree PhD in architecture
ANNEXES Theses for a scientific degree PhD in architecture
Moscow - 2011 Moscow - 2011
172
Introduction
ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF THE RIVERSIDE AREAS (EUO RA) OF A LARGE CITY : CASE STUDY OF KHABAROVSK CITY STRUCTURE OF THE STUDY
I CHAPTER
HISTORICAL ANALYSIS
PREREQUISITES OF THE STUDY MODERN TENDENCIES
INTERNATIONAL
THEORETICAL BASE OF STUDY
EXPERIENCE
CRITERIA FACTORS I GROUP II GROUP III GROUP
HYPOTHESIS
II ГЛАВА II CHAPTER
EUO RA PROGRAM PRINCIPLES
EUO RA METHODS
KHABAROVSK RA OPTIMIZATION ZONES LAYOUT COMPREHENSIVE MODEL OF ACTIVITIES FOR KHABAROVSK EUO RA
ECOLOGICAL RESTRUCTURING SOCIAL ADAPTATION CUMULATIVE RECOUPMENT
III CHAPTER
ECO-FRAMEWORK FORMING STRATEGY
ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK COMPONENTS OPTIMAL FUNCTIONING CONDITIONS
KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREASOPTIMAL DEVELOPMENT SCENARIOS
ECO-FRAMEWORK FORMING TECHNIQUES
EUO RA IMPLEMENTATION MECHANISMS
HISTORICAL HISTORICAL HISTORICAL HISTORICALEVOLUTION EVOLUTION EVOLUTION EVOLUTIONOF OF OF OFAPPROACHES APPROACHES APPROACHES APPROACHESTO TO TO TOTHE THE THE THEKHABAROVSK KHABAROVSK KHABAROVSK KHABAROVSKRIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDEAREAS AREAS AREAS AREASURBAN URBAN URBAN URBANDEVELOPDEVELOPDEVELOPDEVELOPSTAGE STAGE STAGE STAGE
STAGE STAGE STAGE STAGE
STAGE
STAGE STAGE STAGE STAGE
STAGE
TOWN-PLANNING TOWN-PLANNING TOWN-PLANNING TOWN-PLANNING DOMINANTS DOMINANTS DOMINANTS DOMINANTS COMMUNITY COMMUNITY COMMUNITY COMMUNITY NODES NODES NODES NODES
URBAN URBAN URBAN URBAN CORE CORE CORE CORE
STA (1940-1
PLANNING STRUCTURE MODEL
THE RIVER LOSES PRIORITY THE THE THE RIVER RIVER RIVER LOSES LOSES LOSES PRIORITY PRIORITY PRIORITY COMMUNICATION FUNCTION COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION FUNCTION FUNCTION COMMUNICATION FUNCTION TRANS-SIBERIAN TRANS-SIBERIAN TRANS-SIBERIAN TRANS-SIBERIAN RAILWAY RAILWAY RAILWAY RAILWAY BRIDGE BRIDGE BRIDGE BRIDGE INDUSTR. INDUSTR. INDUSTR. INDUSTR. ZONE ZONE ZONE ZONE
IND. ZONE OUTIND. ZONE OUTIND. ZONE OUTIND. ZONE OUTSIDE THE CITY SIDE THE CITY SIDE THE CITY SIDE THE CITY BORDERS BORDERS BORDERS BORDERS IND. RING IND. IND. RING RING IND. RING URBAN URBAN URBAN URBAN CORE CORE CORE CORE
RAILWAY RAILWAY RAILWAY RAILWAY STATION STATION STATION STATION
NATURAL NATURAL NATURAL NATURAL TERR. TERR. TERR. TERR.
RIVER RIVER RIVER RIVER
RAILWAY RAILWAY RAILWAY RAILWAY IND. ZONE OUTIND. ZONE OUTIND. ZONE OUTIND. ZONE OUTSIDE THE CITY SIDE THE CITY SIDE THE CITY SIDE THE CITY BORDERS BORDERS BORDERS BORDERS
LINEAR MODEL PARALLEL TOMODEL THE RIVER LINEAR LINEAR LINEAR LINEAR MODEL MODEL MODEL PARALLEL PARALLEL PARALLELTO TO TO TOTHE THE THE THERIVER RIVER RIVER RIVER PARALLEL
ORTHOGONAL MODEL ORTHOGONAL MODEL DISSECTED MODEL LINEAR -DISSECTED IN COMBINATION WITHMODEL ORTHOGONAL MODEL DISSECTED ORTHOGONAL ORTHOGONAL ORTHOGONAL MODEL MODEL MODEL ORTHOGONAL ORTHOGONAL ORTHOGONAL MODEL MODEL MODEL DISSECTED DISSECTED DISSECTEDMODEL MODEL MODEL MODEL WITH ORTHOGONAL PRIORITY TO DIRECTIONS LINEAR LINEAR LINEAR -DISSE -DISS -DIS -DIS LANDSCAPE MORPHOLOGY PERPENDICULAR TO THE IN INCOMBINATION COMBINATION COMBINATION COMBINATION WITH WITH WITH WITH WITH WITHPRIORITY PRIORITY PRIORITY PRIORITY TO TO TORIVER DIRECDIRECDIRECININ WITH WITH TO DIRECLANDSCAPE LANDSCAPE LANDSCAPEMORPHOLOGY MORPHOLOGY MORPHOLOGY MORPHOLOGY TIONS TIONS TIONSPERPENDICULAR PERPENDICULAR PERPENDICULAR PERPENDICULAR LANDSCAPE TIONS PRIORITY FACTORS OF PLANNING STRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT REFUNCTIONING TO TO TOTHE THE THE THERIVER RIVER RIVER RIVERAPPROACHES WITH PRIORITY GIVEN TO CULTURE AND SERVI TO PRIORITY OF MASS DOMINANT IMPORTANCE THE STABLE INFLUENCE LOSS OF DOMINANT INFLUPRIORITY OF INDUSTRIAL PRIORITY PRIORITY PRIORITY(DOMINANT) (DOMINANT) (DOMINANT) (DOMINANT) FACTORS FACTORS FACTORS OF OF OFPLANNING PLANNING PLANNING PLANNING STRUCTURE STRUCTURE STRUCTUREDEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT PRIORITY OF STRUCTURE AL RESIDENTIAL D OF THE RIVER IN PLANNING OF THE RIVER ANDFACTORS THE ENCE OF THE RIVER DEVELOPMENT ON THE STRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT NATURE OF THE RELIEF ON RIVERSIDE AREAS PRIORITY PRIORITY PRIORITYOF OF OF OFINDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL LOSS OF A SIGNIFI DOMINANT DOMINANT DOMINANTIMPORTANCE IMPORTANCE IMPORTANCE IMPORTANCE THE THE THESTABLE STABLE STABLE STABLE INFLUENCE INFLUENCE INFLUENCE LOSS LOSS LOSSOF OF OF OFDOMINANT DOMINANT DOMINANT DOMINANT INFLUINFLUINFLUTHE PLANNING STRUCTURE PRIORITY DOMINANT THE INFLUENCE LOSS INFLUTHE RAILWAY FORMS A ZONE PRIORITY PRIORITY PRIORITY OFOF OM DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT ON ON ON THE THE THE OF OF OFTHE THE THE THE RIVER RIVER RIVERININ IN INPLANNING PLANNING PLANNING PLANNING OF OF OFTHE THE THE THERIVER RIVER RIVER RIVERAND AND AND ANDTHE THE THE THE ENCE ENCE ENCEOF OF OF OFTHE THE THE THERIVER RIVER RIVER RIVER NATURAL RESOUR DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT ON THE OF RIVER OF ENCE OF GRAVITATION PRIORITY DEVELOPMENT OF LACK OF CONNECTION OF NEW INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL R RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE AREAS AREAS AREAS STRUCTURE STRUCTURE STRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT NATURE NATURE NATUREOF OF OF OFTHE THE THE THERELIEF RELIEF RELIEF RELIEFON ON ON ON RIVERSIDE AREAS STRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT NATURE PUBLIC AND SOCIAL FUNCRESIDENTIAL AREAS OF THE DEVELOPMEN DEVELOPME DEVELOPM THE THE THEPLANNING PLANNING PLANNING PLANNINGSTRUCTURE STRUCTURE STRUCTURE STRUCTURE THE BEGINNING RECREATIONAL ZO THE OF THE THE THE THE RAILWAY RAILWAY RAILWAY FORMS FORMS FORMS A A A ZONE ZONE ZONE THE RAILWAY FORMS A ZONE TIONS ON THE RIVERSIDE CITY WITH THE RIVER DEVELOPMENT OF DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT OF IN LACK LACK LACKOF OF OF OFCONNECTION CONNECTION CONNECTION CONNECTIONOF OF OF OF OPMENT PRIORITY PRIORITY PRIORITYDEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENTOF OF OF OF TRANSVERSE DEVELOPMENT INDUSTRIAL EXPANSION OF LACK PRIORITY OF OF OFGRAVITATION GRAVITATION GRAVITATION GRAVITATION OF AREAS LOSS LOSS LOSS OFOF OF ATHE ASIG AS DIRECTIONS IN CITY NEW NEW NEWRESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIALAREAS AREAS AREAS AREAS THE PART PUBLIC PUBLIC PUBLICAND AND AND ANDSOCIAL SOCIAL SOCIAL SOCIALFUNCFUNCFUNCFUNC- RELATION TO THE RIVER THE RIVERSIDE AREAS NEW PUBLIC PART PART OFOF OF NATU NA NA OF OF OF THE THE THE CITY CITY CITY WITH WITH WITH THE THE THE RIVER RIVER RIVER TIONS TIONS TIONS ON ON ON THE THE THE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENTOF OF OF OFTRANSTRANSTRANSTRANSOF THE CITY WITH THE RIVER TIONS ON THE RIVERSIDE DEVELOPMENT SOURCES SOURCES SOURCES THE THE THEBEGINNING BEGINNING BEGINNING BEGINNINGOF OF OF OFTHE THE THE THE THE AREAS AREAS AREAS VERSE VERSE VERSEDIRECTIONS DIRECTIONS DIRECTIONS DIRECTIONSININ IN IN AREAS VERSE INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL EXPANSION EXPANSION EXPANSION OF OF OF INDUSTRIAL EXPANSION OF PRIORITY FACTORS OF PLANNING STRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT RECREATIONA RECREATION RECREATIO RECREATIO RELATION RELATION RELATIONTO TO TO TOTHE THE THE THERIVER RIVER RIVER RIVER RELATION THE THE THERIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDEAREAS AREAS AREAS AREAS THE DEVELOPMEN DEVELOPME DEVELOPM CENTER CENTER CENTER OFOF OF TH
SOCIAL & ECONOMICAL ASPECT
ARCHITECTURAL & URBAN PLANNING ASPECT
COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION FUNCTION OF RIVER FUNCTION FUNCTION FUNCTION OF OF OF RIVER RIVER RIVER
STA ST SS
STAGE (1911-1930)
PLANNING PLANNING PLANNING PLANNINGSTRUCTURE STRUCTURE STRUCTURE STRUCTUREMODEL MODEL MODEL MODEL
VECTOR OF CITY VECTOR VECTOR VECTOR OF OF OF CITY CITY CITY DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT
STAGE STAGE STAGE STAGE
STAGE
STAGE STAGE STAGE STAGE
STAGE STAGE STAGE STAGE
STAGE STAGE STAGE STAGE
STAGE STAGE STAGE STAGE DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENTCONCEPT CONCEPT CONCEPT CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT
PLANNING PLANNING PLANNINGSTRUCTURE STRUCTURE STRUCTURE STRUCTUREMODEL MODEL MODEL MODEL PLANNING
VECTORS OF DEVELOPMENT PERPENDICULAR TO THE RIVER INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT
INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT MASS MASS MASS MASS HOUSING HOUSING HOUSING HOUSING DISTRICT DISTRICT DISTRICT DISTRICT HISTORIC HISTORIC HISTORIC HISTORIC CORE CORE CORE CORE
DEVELOPMENT ALONG THE RIVER INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT
URBAN LANDSCAPE COMPLEX NATURAL
IRECREAIRECREAIRECREAIRECREATIONAL TIONAL TIONAL TIONAL ZONES ZONES ZONES ZONES INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT MASS MASS MASS MASS HOUSING HOUSING HOUSING HOUSING DISTRICTS DISTRICTS DISTRICTS DISTRICTS
THE EMBANKMENT CONSTRUCTION MASS MASS MASS MASS HOUSING HOUSING HOUSING HOUSING DISTRICTS DISTRICTS DISTRICTS DISTRICTS
LANDSCAPE LANDSCAPE LANDSCAPE AND AND AND LANDSCAPE AND RECREATIONAL RECREATIONAL RECREATIONAL RECREATIONAL AREA AREA AREA AREA
COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL DEVEDEVEDEVEDEVELOPMENT LOPMENT LOPMENT LOPMENT
CONSTRUCTION OF THE BRIDGE OVER THE RIVER IECOLOGICAL IECOLOGICAL IECOLOGICAL MASS RESID IECOLOGICAL CORRIDORS CORRIDORS CORRIDORS REFUNCTIONING BALANCE OF NATURAL APPROACHES AND ANTHROPOGENIC WITH PRIORITY GIVEN COMPONENTS TO CULTURE IN THE ANDCITY SERVI ST CORRIDORS
ECOLOGICAL & LANDSCAPE ASPECT
NATURAL-ANTROPOGENIC ANTROPOGENIC LINEAR LINEAR LINEAR-DISSECTED -DISSECTED -DISSECTED -DISSECTEDMODEL MODEL MODEL MODEL LINEAR
ANTROPOGENIC-TECHNIGENIC
LINEAR LINEAR LINEARMODEL MODEL MODEL MODEL LINEAR
TECHNOGENIC
LINEAR LINEAR LINEARMODEL MODEL MODEL MODELWITH WITH WITH WITHTHE THE THE THE LINEAR FORMATION FORMATION FORMATIONOF OF OF OFRING RING RING RINGSTRUCSTRUCSTRUCSTRUCFORMATION TURES TURES TURES TURES
LINEAR LINEAR LINEARMODEL MODEL MODEL MODELWITH WITH WITH WITHTHE THE THE THE LINEAR FORMATION FORMATION FORMATIONOF OF OF OFRING RING RING RINGSTRUCSTRUCSTRUCSTRUCFORMATION TURES TURES TURES TURES
PRIORITY PRIORITY PRIORITY(DOMINANT) (DOMINANT) (DOMINANT) (DOMINANT)FACTORS FACTORS FACTORS FACTORSOF OF OF OFPLANNING PLANNING PLANNING PLANNINGSTRUCTURE STRUCTURE STRUCTURE STRUCTUREDEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT PRIORITY PRIORITY PRIORITY PRIORITYOF OF OFMASSIVE MASSIVE MASSIVE PRIORITY OF MASSIVE INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIALRESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL INDUSTRIAL RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT LOSS LOSS LOSSOF OF OFAAASIGNIFICANT SIGNIFICANT SIGNIFICANT LOSS OF A SIGNIFICANT PART PART PARTOF OF OFNATURAL NATURAL NATURALREREREPART OF NATURAL RESOURCES SOURCES SOURCES SOURCES RECREATIONAL RECREATIONAL RECREATIONALZONES ZONES ZONES RECREATIONAL ZONES DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENTOF OF OFIN IN INTHE THE THE DEVELOPMENT OFCITY IN THE CENTER CENTER CENTER OF OF OF THE THE THE CITY CITY OF THECENTER DEGREE OF CHANGE OF THE CITY
THE RIVERSIDE LANDSCAPE
ATTEMPT ATTEMPT ATTEMPTTO TO TORETURN RETURN RETURNTO TO TO ATTEMPT TO RETURN TO THE THE THERIVERINE RIVERINE RIVERINEAREAS AREAS AREASOF OF OF THE RIVERINE AREAS OF THE THE THELOST LOST LOSTNATURAL NATURAL NATURALAND AND AND THE LOST NATURAL AND RECREATIONAL RECREATIONAL RECREATIONALFUNCTION FUNCTION FUNCTION RECREATIONAL FUNCTION RETAINING RETAINING RETAININGOF OF OFTHE THE THEPRIORITY PRIORITY PRIORITY RETAINING OF THE PRIORITY OF OF OFMASSIVE MASSIVE MASSIVEINDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL OF MASSIVE INDUSTRIAL RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIALDEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
RIVERSIDE
INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIALZONES ZONES ZONES ZONES INDUSTRIAL TRANSFORMATION TRANSFORMATION TRANSFORMATION TRANSFORMATION
HIGH HIGH HIGHCOMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL COMMERCIALDEDEDEHIGH COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT(INVESTMENT) VELOPMENT(INVESTMENT) VELOPMENT(INVESTMENT) VELOPMENT(INVESTMENT) INTEREST INTEREST INTERESTTO TO TOTHE THE THERIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE INTEREST TO THE RIVERSIDE AREAS AREAS AREAS AREAS CHAOTIC CHAOTIC CHAOTICDEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENTOF OF OF CHAOTIC DEVELOPMENT OF RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDEAREAS AREAS AREAS RIVERSIDE AREAS
THE THE THEFORMATION FORMATION FORMATIONOF OF OFAAA THE FORMATION OF A SINGLE SINGLE SINGLELANDSCAPE-RECLANDSCAPE-RECLANDSCAPE-RECSINGLE LANDSCAPE-RECREATIONAL REATIONAL REATIONALCOMPLEX COMPLEX COMPLEXON ON ON REATIONAL COMPLEX ON RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDEAREAS AREAS AREAS RIVERSIDE AREAS DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENTOF OF OFTHE THE THEECOECOECODEVELOPMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL LOGICAL LOGICALFRAMEWORK FRAMEWORK FRAMEWORK LOGICAL FRAMEWORK
RELATION RELATION RELATION TOTO TO THE THE THE RIVER RIVER RIVER
STAGE STAGE STAGE
STAGE STAGE STAGE
STAGE (1970-1980)
STAGE STAGE STAGE DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT CONCEPT CONCEPT
STAGE
(CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT)
PLANNING PLANNING PLANNING STRUCTURE STRUCTURE STRUCTURE MODEL MODEL MODEL
INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT MASS MASS MASS HOUSING HOUSING HOUSING DISTRICT DISTRICT DISTRICT HISTORIC HISTORIC HISTORIC CORE CORE CORE
INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT
INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT
INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT
IRECREAIRECREAIRECREATIONAL TIONAL TIONAL ZONES ZONES ZONES
MASS MASS MASS HOUSING HOUSING HOUSING DISTRICTS DISTRICTS DISTRICTS COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL DEVEDEVEDEVELOPMENT LOPMENT LOPMENT
INDUSTRIAL ZONES INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL ZONES ZONES TRANSFORMATION TRANSFORMATION TRANSFORMATION INDUSTRIAL ZONES LANDSCAPE AND LANDSCAPE LANDSCAPE AND AND TRANSFORM. RECREATIONAL RECREATIONAL RECREATIONAL LANDSC.-RECR. AREA AREA AREA REVERSIDE AREA
NEW ECOCORRIDORS IECOLOGICAL IECOLOGICAL IECOLOGICAL CORRIDORS CORRIDORS CORRIDORS
MASS MASS MASS HOUSING HOUSING HOUSING DISTRICTS DISTRICTS DISTRICTS
D MODEL LINEAR MODEL SSECTED SSECTED ECTED SECTEDMODEL MODEL MODEL LINEAR LINEAR LINEAR MODEL MODEL MODEL
ICE SECTORS
LINEAR MODEL WITH THE FORMATION OF RING STRUCTURES LINEAR LINEAR LINEAR MODEL MODEL MODEL WITH WITH WITH THE THE THE FORMATION FORMATION FORMATION OFOF OF RING RING RING STRUCSTRUCSTRUCTURES TURES TURES
LINEAR LINEAR LINEAR MODEL MODEL MODEL WITH WITH WITH THE THE THE FORMATION FORMATION FORMATION OFOF OF RING RING RING STRUCSTRUCSTRUCTURES TURES TURES
TASKS TO ACHIEVE BALANCED ATTEMPT TO RETURN TO THE HIGH COMMERCIAL DEVELOPSIVE INDUSTRIDEVELOPMENT RIVERINE AREASFACTORS OF THE LOST OF MENT(INVESTMENT) INTEREST TODEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY PRIORITY PRIORITY PRIORITY (DOMINANT) (DOMINANT) (DOMINANT) FACTORS FACTORS OF OF PLANNING PLANNING PLANNING STRUCTURE STRUCTURE STRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT NATURAL AND RECREATIONAL THE RIVERSIDE AREAS WITH A FOCUS ON SUSTAINICANT PART OF ABLE DEVELOPMENT OF FMASSIVE MASSIVE MASSIVE ATTEMPT ATTEMPT ATTEMPT TOTO TO RETURN RETURN RETURN TOTO TO CHAOTIC HIGH HIGH HIGH COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL DEDETHE THE THE FORMATION FORMATION FORMATION OFOF OF A AA RCES DEVELOPMENT OFDELRESIDENTIAL LRESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL THE THE THE RIVERINE RIVERINE RIVERINE AREAS AREAS AREAS OF OF OF RIVERSIDE VELOPMENT(INVESTMENT) VELOPMENT(INVESTMENT) VELOPMENT(INVESTMENT) SINGLE SINGLE SINGLE LANDSCAPE-RECLANDSCAPE-RECLANDSCAPE-RECRETAINING OF THE PRIORITY OF AREAS MENT NT ENT DEVELTHE THE THE LOST LOST LOST NATURAL NATURAL NATURAL AND AND AND INTEREST INTEREST INTEREST TOTO TO THE THE THE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE REATIONAL REATIONAL REATIONAL COMPLEX COMPLEX COMPLEX ON ON ON MASSIVE INDUSTRIAL RESIDENONES RECREATIONAL RECREATIONAL RECREATIONAL FUNCTION FUNCTION FUNCTION AREAS AREAS AREAS RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE AREAS AREAS AREAS TIAL DEVELOPMENT E CENTER OF SIGNIFICANT GNIFICANT SIGNIFICANT ATURAL ATURAL URAL RERERECHAOTIC CHAOTIC CHAOTIC DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT OFOF OF DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT OFOF OF THE THE THE ECOECOECORETAINING RETAINING RETAINING OFOF OF THE THE THE PRIORITY PRIORITY PRIORITY RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE AREAS AREAS AREAS LOGICAL LOGICAL LOGICAL FRAMEWORK FRAMEWORK FRAMEWORK OFOF OF MASSIVE MASSIVE MASSIVE INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL ONAL ONAL AL NALZONES ZONES ZONES RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT MENT NT ENTOFOF OF ININ IN THE THE THE A SINGLE LANDSCAPE-RECFHE THE THE CITY CITY CITY REATIONAL COMPLEX DEVEL-
COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT
DENTIAL DEVELOPMENT WITHOUT REGARD FOR NATURAL CONDITIONS TRUCTURE ICE SECTORS NATURAL -ANTROPOGENIC LANDSCAPE COMPLEXES REGENERATION ON THE RIVERSIDE AREAS AND CITY ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK DEVELOPMENT
173 173 173
AREA INDUSTRIAL EXPANSION
PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
OPMENT ON THE RIVERSIDE AREAS
Section 1.2HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF APPROACHES TO THE KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS URBAN DEVELOPMENT
TAGE 1960)
Chapter I
STAGE STAGE AGE TAGE
THE THE THE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE RIVERSIDE AREAS AREAS AREAS
174
Chapter I Section 1.2
PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL TRENDS IN THE WATERSIDE AREAS TRANSFORMATION THE YEARS 60-80S OF THE XX CENTURY INCREASING DENSITY OF DYNAMICALLY GROWING CITIES THE STRATEGIC PLAN FORMATION LAND FOR DEVELOPMENT SALE SUBJECT TO THE CREATION OF AN OPEN SPACE SYSTEM IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STRATEGIC PLAN VERTICAL FUNCTIONAL ZONING OF MULTI-STOREY BUILDINGS WITH RECREATIONAL-PUBLIC AND SERVICE FUNCTIONS DEVELOPMENT ON GROUND FLOOR
VANCOUVER FALSE CREEK AREA REGENERATION
ENCOURAGE WALKING, CYCLING ACTIVITY AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT A MODEL OF A NEIGHBOR COMMUNITY IN URBAN CONDITIONS DEVELOPMENT ON THE BASIS OF AN OPEN SPACES PERMEABILITY MANAGEMENT
REFUNCTIONING APPROACHES WITH PRIORITY GIVEN TO CULTURE AND SERVICE SECTORS MODELING OF THE PHASED DEVELOPMENT PROCESS MAXIMUM USE OF EXISTING BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES MULTIFUNCTIONALITY ENCOURAGING A HIGH LEVEL OF STREET ACTIVITY, ESPECIALLY IN THE STRUCTURE OF SHOPPING STREETS REPRODUCTION OF TRADITIONAL TYPES OF URBAN OPEN SPACES ENSURING PROFITABILITY ALONG WITH PRESERVING THE ARCHITECTURAL TEXTURE
BALTIMORE. INNER HARBOR REGENERATION WITH THE A NEW TYPE OF PUBLIC SPACE DEVELOPMENT FESTIVAL MARKETPLACE
CHANGING THE MECHANISMS OF TERRITORY DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LARGE-SCALE TRANSFORMATIONS WITHIN A SINGLE PROJECT WAS MADE POSSIBLE ONLY AS A RESULT OF A CHANGE IN TRADITIONAL RELATIONS BETWEEN THE STATE, THE PRIVATE SECTOR AND THE PUBLIC
HETEBURG: THE PAVILION, INFORMING ABOUT THE CHANGES OCCURRING WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE WATER FRONT REGENERATION PROJECT
STATE MUNICIPALITY
PRIVATE INVESTOR
PLANNING
FINANCING
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM PUBLIC PARTICIPATION POPULATION
175 174 PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter I Section 1.2
ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL TRENDS IN THE WATERSIDE AREAS TRANSFORMATION END OF THE XX BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURY RIVERSIDE AREAS DEVELOPMENT AS A CATALYST FOR RENEWING THE CITY IMAGE STRATEGIC PLANNING, PROVIDING FOR INTEGRATION INTO CITYWIDE AND REGIONAL NETWORKS INCLUSION OF CREATIVE FUNCTIONS RELATED TO CULTURE, SCIENCE, TOURISM, BUSINESS INTO THE STRUCTURE OF RENEWED WATERFRONT AREAS ORIENTATION TO THE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT APPLICATION OF NEW RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES IMPLEMENTATION
BILBAO. STRATEGIC PLANNING OF THE CITY’S ROLE AS A EUROPEAN GATEWAY TO THE ATLANTIC, CHANGING THE IMAGE OF THE CITY IN EUROPE AS A INTERCONNECTING CULTURAL CENTER
HIGH QUALITY REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT FORMATION OF THE PUBLIC SPACES SYSTEM WITH THE PRIORITY GIVEN TO A PEDESTRIAN, BICYCLE AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT EXCLUSIVE DESIGN PRESENCE
GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM BILBAO
TRANSITION TO THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT MODEL STRATEGIC PLANNING, PROVIDING FOR THE FORMATION OF A SINGLE ENVIRONMENTAL FRAMEWORK PRIORITY OF FILLING WATERFRONT AREAS WITH NATURAL COMPONENTS MAXIMUM CONSERVATION OF NATURAL PROCESSES WHILE MINIMIZING THE IMPACT FORMING A SYSTEM OF SPACES THAT MEET THE DIVERSE NEEDS OF DIFFERENT SOCIAL GROUPS AT ANY TIME OF THE YEAR USE OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN TECHNIQUES TO CREATE A QUALITY ENVIRONMENT APPLICATION OF RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGIES
BOGOTÁ - THE GREEN CITY STRUCTURE PLAN DEVELOPMENT ON THE BASIS OF A COMPREJENSIVE APPROACH TO THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF THE LANDSCAPE MORPHOLOGIC ELEMENTS.
SHANGHAI - THE FORMATION OF THE URBAN PARKS SYSTEM FOR THE EXPO 2010 ON THE BASIS OF THE PRIORITY OF CONSERVATION OF NATURAL PROCESSES (IN PARTICULAR FLOOD PROCESSES).
176 PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter I Section 1.3
CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING THE EXISTING STATE OF RIVERINE AREAS. MAIN CONFLICTS
THE CONFLICT BETWEEN SPATIAL ORGANIZATION AND THE TERRAIN FORM
I
I LONG NEGLECT OF THE RIVERSIDE LANDSCAPES CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES IN THE DESIGN LED TO THE DANGEROUS GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES DEVELOPMENT ALONG WITH DECLINE IN THE LANDSCAPE AESTHETIC QUALITY LEGEND:
THE CONFLICT BETWEEN LAND-USE REGIME AND ECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF THE AREA
II
GREEN AREAS WEAKLY DEVELOPED AREAS WITH COMPLEX TERRAIN SHORELINE OPEN WATERCOURSES
III
CLOSED WATERCOURSES KHABAROVSK CITY BOUNDARY
HOLLOW SPACES TRANSFORMED INTO BOULEVARDS (CLOSED WATERCOURSES)
II
ZONES OF CONFLICT LOCALIZATION: WEAKLY DEVELOPED FLOODPLAIN AREAS
FLOODPLAIN SPACES ARE SUBJECT TO DEGRADATION AS A RESULT OF MANMADE, ANTHROPOGENIC AND NATURAL IMPACTS.
WEAKLY DEVELOPED HOLLOW AREAS
The experience of the hollow spaces transformation in the city center indicates a high environmental and social potential of these areas.
Long neglect of the riverside landscapes characteristic features in the design led to a the dangerous geological processes development along with decline in the landscape aesthetic quality. III
THE CONFLICT BETWEEN LAND-USE REGIME AND ECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF THE SMALL WATERCOURSES
Hollow and floodplain spaces, complex in development, are subject to degradation as a result of man-made, anthropogenic and natural impacts.
177 PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter I Section 1.3
CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING THE EXISTING STATE OF RIVERINE AREAS. MAIN CONFLICTS
THE CONFLICT BETWEEN THE LEVEL OF OPEN SPACES DEVELOPMENT AND THE NEEDS OF THE POPULATION IN RECREATIONAL AREAS WITH ACCESS TO THE RIVER
I
III
I
SPONTANEOUS RIVERINE AREAS APPROPRIATION FOR PICNICS LEADS TO DEGRADATION OF NATURAL COMPONENTS (CONTAMINATION WITH SOLID DOMESTIC WASTE, UNAUTHORIZED CARS MOVEMENT ON THE RIVERBANK PROTECTIVE STRIP)
LEGEND INDUSTRIAL, PORT AREAS IN RIVERSIDE AREAS RESIDENTIAL AREAS
II
HIGH DENSITY RESIDENTIAL AREAS HIGHWAYS OF URBAN IMPORTANCE SHORELINE
II
THE BORDER OF KHABAROVSK
ZONES OF CONFLICT LOCALIZATION THE LEVEL RIVER POLLUTION OF DOESN’T CORRESPOND TO THE FUNCTION OF BATHING, HOWEVER, THERE ARE NO ALTERNATIVES TO THE BEACH NEAR THE RIVER
EQUIPPED RECREATIONAL AREA, EXPERIENCING EXCESSIVE LOADS URBAN BEACHES ZONES OF SPONTANEOUS REST BY THE RIVER (PICNICS) ZONES OF SPONTANEOUS REST NEAR THE RIVER (VIEWPOINTS)
III
Lack of recreational zones in riverside areas. As a result, existing equipped territories experience excessive loads.
Imbalance of recreational load during the annual and daily cycle
Spontaneous use of riverside areas for recreation is carried out on sites in the accessibility of each residential area near the river and leads to significant degradation of the natural components of riverine areas.
178 PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter I Section 1.3
CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING THE EXISTING STATE OF RIVERINE AREAS. MAIN CONFLICTS
THE CONFLICT BETWEEN RIVERSIDE AREAS INVESTMENT POTENTIAL AND THE EXISTING APPROACHES TO ORGANIZATION OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT II I III I ABANDONED APPERANCE OF “DALDIZEL” FACTORY PARK
WITHOUT POSSESSING INVESTMENT APPEAL, THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT IS DOOMED TO DEGRADATION LEGEND
IV
MOST IMPORTANT ZONES OF BUSINESS, COMMERCIAL, PUBLIC DEVELOPMENT CURRENT ZONES OF RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT CURRENT INVESTMENT-ATTRACTIVE PART OF THE CITY
II A NEW COTTAGE DEVELOPMENT ON THE DANILOVSKY ST. ADJOINS THE WAREHOUSE ZONE
SHORELINE HIGHWAYS OF URBAN IMPORTANCE THE BORDER OF KHABAROVSK
WITHOUT OF A COMPLEX CITY ENVIRONMENT TRANSFORMATION, NEW INVESTMENT OBJECTS LOSE ITS ATTRACTIVENESS
ZONES OF CONFLICT LOCALIZATION NEW HIGH DENSITY DEVELOPMENT NEW LOW-RISE DEVELOPMENT DEGRADED RECREATIONAL AREAS
III THE RIVERINE TERRITORY NEAR THE RESIDENTIAL COMPLEX MOUNTAIN KAZACHYA OCCUPIES CARGO RIVER PORT
The discrepancy between the quality of the residential environment in the riverside areas and the claimed level, as a result of object-oriented design without providing public spaces Degradation of valuable natural areas that do not have investment attractiveness.
IV PRIVATE BEACH AREA IN A FENCED AREA
179 PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter I Section 1.3
CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING THE EXISTING STATE OF RIVERINE AREAS. MAIN CONFLICTS
THE CONFLICT BETWEEN THE NATURE OF THE REGULATIONS FOR THE USE OF RIVERSIDE AREAS AND THE PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY I
II
III
I
II
The existing regulations on these riverside areas are aimed at compaction of the development, these stimulate the process of breaking ecological links of a large natural green massifs.
III
IV
IV
The areas status transfer from the landscape-recreational zone to the recreational-public zone along with the lack of green and open spaces ratio regulations creates the danger of displacing the natural components in the riverside areas.
IV
V
KHABAROVSK URBAN ZONING MAP, 2006
These protected historically valuable landscape territories are transferred to the rank of the center of business, public and commercial activity, stimulating the development of buildings that do not correspond to the context of the area and the destruction of valuable landscapes in the city center.
180 PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter I Section 1.4
TRENDS IN THE KHABAROVSK CITY RIVERSIDE AREAS DEVELOPMENT MASTER PLANS KHABAROVSK CITY MASTER PLAN, 1985
KHABAROVSK CITY MASTER PLAN, 1992
KHABAROVSK CITY MASTER PLAN, 2006
TRENDS IN THE RIVERSIDE AREAS PLANNING IN THE LATEST MASTER PLANS OF THE KHABAROVSK CITY
PRIORITY RECREATIONAL AREAS DEVELOPMENT IN THE RIVERSIDE AREAS, ALTERNATING WITH INDUSTRIAL ZONES
RECREATIONAL AREAS
LENGTH OF FUNCTIONAL ZONES ALONG THE SHORELINE DEVELOPMENT OF RESIDENTIAL AREAS IN RIV- PRIORITY OF LINEAR GREEN SPACES ALONG THE SHOREERSIDE AREAS, STRENGTHENING ALTERNATION LINE, THE EMERGENCE OF RECREATIONAL-PUBLIC ZONE OF MONOFUNCTIONAL NONINTEGRATED ZONES TYPE AND DENSIFICATION OF RESIDENTIAL ZONES
INDUSTRIAL AND WAREHOUSE ZONE
RESIDENTIAL ZONE
PUBLIC AND RECREATIONAL-PUBLIC ZONES
A CHANGE OF RIVERSIDE AREAS DEVELOPMENT TRENDS : PROJECTS
THE HYDROPARK “AMUR” PROJECT, 1986
RESIDENTIAL COMPLEX “PARUS” PROJECT, 2002
PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter I Section 1.6
FACTORS AND PREREQUISITES AFFECTING THE KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS FORMATION I GROUP FACTORS
KHABAROVSK EOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK (BY I. NARBUT)
LANDSCAPE FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS SCHEME
KHABAROVSK LANDSCAPE MORFOTYPES (MASTER PLAN 2006)
LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE ANALISYS
LANDSCAPE-FUNCTIONAL ZONES SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURAL TERRITORIES
HILLY TERRAIN/ GENTLY SLOPING PLAIN
LANDSCAPE AND RECREATIONAL ZONES
WATERSHED
OTHER LANDSCAPING AREAS EROSION-ACTIVE ZONES DUST-PRODUCING ZONES, ASH DUMPS
GULLIES OF RAVINES, SMALL WATERCOURSES
RIVERBANK SLOPESOF OFFLOODPLAIN FLOODPLAIN TERRACES RIVERBANK SLOPES TERRACES
WATERSHED AREA, HILLY SURFACE PLATEAU, FLOODPLAIN TERRACE
HILLSIDES
FLOODPLAIN, LOWLAND PLAIN
URBAN AND INDUSTRIAL ZONES
WATERSHED AREAS
SLOPE EDGE
LOWLANDS
WALLEYS OF SMALL RIVERS AND RAVINES
INCREASE IN THE ECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF THE TERRITORY
MORPHOTYPE
MORPHOTYPE ROLE
RIVERBANK SLOPES OF DISTRIBUTORS FLOODPLAIN TERRACES
HILLSIDES
LOWLANDS
VALLEYS OF SMALL RIVERS & RAVINES
LOCATION
LOW STABILITY
NORTHTERN PART OF THE CITY
WIND, WATER EROSION OF SOILS, LANDSLIDE PROCESSES, SLOPES ARE CUT BY RAVINES, STREAMS TO A DEPTH OF 10-30 M
DISTRIBUTORS
RELATIVELY UNSTABLE
NORTHTERN PART OF THE CITY
WIND, WATER EROSION, LANDSLIDE PROCESSES
SLOPES OF LVOV, KHABAROVSK, VORONEZH HEIGHTS, STRETCHING IN STRIPES OF THE NORTH-EASTERN DIRECTION
CONCENTRATORS DISTRIBUTORS
STABLE
CONTRIBUTE TO THE RAPID TRANSLATION OF MASS-ENERGY FLOWS FROM HIGH-ALTITUDE LANDS
RESISTANT TO NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCES TERRITORY, WELL-VENTILATED
ABSORBERS
RELATIVELY STABLE
DETAIN AND ACCUMULATE WITHIN THEIR LIMITS SUBSTANCES AND ENERGY (INCLUDING VARIOUS POLLUTION)
THERE ARE SEPARATE AREAS WITH THE DANGER OF SUBSIDENCE AND FLOODING, POOR AIRING CONDITIONS, INVERSIONS ARE DETECTED
DISTRIBUTORS ABSORBERS
UNSTABLE
ARTERIES, BY WHICH MASS EXCHANGE OCCURS IN THE NATURAL COMPLEX
CHARACTERIZED BY THE GREATEST VOLATILITY TO NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCES
DEVELOPMENT REGIME
MINIMIZING THE IMPACT ON THE LANDSCAPE, MEASURES TO STRENGTHEN THE SLOPES, REMEDIATION
CARRYING THE FLOWS OF MATTER AND ENERGY
CONTRIBUTE TO THE RAPID TRANSLATION OF MASS-ENERGY FLOWS FROM HIGH-ALTITUDE LANDS
WATERSHED
MORPHOTYPE STABILITY
MINIMIZATION OF IMPACT ON THE LANDSCAPE, MEASURES TO STRENGTHEN THE SLOPES, REMEDIATION, STORM DRAINAGE DEVELOPMENT
ALONG THE RIVER FROM NORTH TO SOUTH INTENSIVE USE, THE BAN ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF HIGH-POLLUTING FACILITIES ON HIGH SITES
MAINLY IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE CITY
THE OF AERATION FRAMEWORK FORMATION IN ORDER TO IMPROVE VENTILATION, COMBAT INVERSIONS
THE NORTHERN PART OF THE CITY - RAVINES, THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE CITY - SMALL WATERCOURSES
MEASURES TO REDUCE STAGNANT PHENOMENA
182 182 PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter I Section 1.6
FACTORS AND PREREQUISITES AFFECTING THE KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS FORMATION I GROUP FACTORS
() .. KHABAROVSK URBAN LANDSCAPE COMPLEXES TYPOLOGY () .. TABLE 1
SELECTION CRITERIA
TECHNOGENIC INDUSTRIAL AND FACILITIES
URBAN LANDSCAPE COMPLEXES
ANTHROPOGENIC AND TECHNOGENIC
ANTHROPOGENIC NATURAL AND ANTROPOGENIC GARDENS AND URBAN OPEN SPACES, CONDITIONALLY-NATRESIDENTIAL PARKS AGRICULTURAL URAL NATURAL AND PREDOMINANTLY MODIFIED MOSTLY MODIFIED MODIFIED NATURAL ь ь AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST, MEADOW, MULTI-STOREY, SANATORIUM, SPONTANEOUSLY MARSH AND MEAD ONE-STOREY BUILDING FOREST PARK PROCESSED, COUNTRY OW-SWAMP FLOODPLAIN PLOTS, EMPTY PLOTS.
COMBINATION OF FUNCTION ING PROCESSES ь DEGREE OF CHANGE IN THE ACTIVE SURFACE ь ь ь BY THE NATURE OF USE AND THE COMBINATION OF NATURAL FEATURES (IN NATU RAL-ANTHROPOGENIC)
MODIFIED INDUSTRIAL AND FACILITIES LINEAR-NODE TRANSPORT
TOTAL CITY
TOTAL RIVERSIDE AREAS
RATIO OF URBAN LANDSCAPE COMPLEXES IN KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS BY DISTRICTS
. . . . 70 60 70 50 60 40 % 50 30 40 % 20 30 10 20 0 10
1
2
3
27 1 48 27
31 2 62 31
35 43 5
-
12 48 13 12
8 62 0 8
38 43 15 38
-
13
0
15
0
- -
ь CENTRAL PART OF THE CITY RIVERSIDE AREAS ь
NORTHERN PART OF THE CITY RIVERSIDE AREAS SOUTHERN PART OF THE CITY RIVERSIDE AREAS
183 183 PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter I Section 1.6
FACTORS AND PREREQUISITES AFFECTING THE KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS FORMATION I GROUP FACTORS
ANALYSIS OF THE URBAN AREAS ECOLOGICAL CONDITION
KHABAROVSK URBAN LANDSCAPE COMPLEXES
THE MOST UNFAVORABLE UNFAVORABLE RELATIVELY UNFAVORABLE RELATIVELY FAVORABLE FAVORABLE
TECHNOGENIC
SURFACE WATER CONDITION
ANTHROPOGENIC AND TECHNOGENIC
GRADE III “MODERATELY POLLUTED”
ANTHROPOGENIC
GRADE IV “POLLUTED”
NATURAL-ANTHROPOGENIC
GRADE V “DIRTY”
NATURAL
GRADE VI “VERY DIRTY“
LANDSCAPE ECOLOGICAL ANALISYS
TERRITORY TYPE BY TERRITORIES ECOLOG.CONDITION
AIR QUALITY 2 MPC* 1 MPC
SOIL CONDITION
VERY HEAVILY POLLUTED
2 MPC 1 MPC
HEAVILY POLLUTED
2 MPC 1 MPC
MEDIUM AND HEAVILY POLLUTED
2 MPC 1 MPC
LOW POLLUTION
2 MPC 1 MPC
RELATIVELY CLEAN POLLUTANTS CLASS 1 POLLUTANTS CLASS 2 POLLUTANTS CLASS 3
MPC - MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE CONCENTRATION
URBAN LANDSCAPE COMPLEXES
184
PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter I Section 1.6
FACTORS AND PREREQUISITES AFFECTING THE KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS FORMATION I GROUP FACTORS
PROVISION OF POPULATION WITH GREEN OPEN SPACES
500
500
21%
138
82,8
19%
75
45
20%
SPACE REQUIRED IN , WITH ACCORDANCE NORM THE
%%OF THE NORMATIVE иPROVISION
POPULATION и, TH. PEOPLE .
LIST OF OBJECTS OF GREEN OPEN SPACES OF CITY SIGNIFICANCE
LEVEL OF IMPROVEMENT
AREA, , HA
NORTHERN DISTRICT
и - 50-и CENTRAL DISTRICT «и», и и и. и SOUTHERN DISTRICT и. и
TOTAL
LIST OF OBJECTS OF GREEN OPEN SPACES OF DSTRICT SIGNIFICANCE
19,87 20,29
0
23,94 29,19
+ +
9,79 103,08
0
NORTHERN DISTRICT
и "и" и 10- и и ии и- TOTAL CENTRAL DISTRICT и и и. TOTAL
3,48 5,02 6,06 1,03 0,37 15,96 1,05 5,45 2,41 8,91
+ +
SOUTHERN DISTRICT
. и и . и. 1,34 -1 TOTAL RAILWAY DISTRICT
2,15 2,58 1,34 0,79 6,86
200
120
6%
/ . и. TOTAL
1,4 1,13 3,72 6,25
145
87
7%
186 186 PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter I Section 1.6
FACTORS AND PREREQUISITES AFFECTING THE KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS FORMATION II GROUP FACTORS
ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICTS OF KHABAROVSK
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE RA CONDITIONS TO THE RECREATIONAL USE REQUIREMENTS
EVALUATION OF THE NEED FOR ACCESS TO RIV. AREAS AND THE AVAILABILITY OF WELL-EQUIPPED RECREATIONAL AREAS
EVALUATION OF FACTORS CAUSING DISCOMFORT WHILE STAYING ON THE RIVERSIDE AREAS
THE RESULTS OF SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY PERFORMED BY THE AUTHOR KRASNOFLOTSKY DISTRICT
KIROVSKY DISTRICT
CENTRALNY DISTRICT
ZHELEZNODOROZHNY DISTRICT
DENSITY OF POPULATION
INDUSTRIALNY DISTRICT
LEGEND THE CENTRAL EMBANKMENT IS SUFFICIENT CENTRALNY KIROVSKY INDUSTRIALNY ZELEZNODOROZNY KRASNOFLOTSKY
IN MY AREA THERE IS ACCESS TO THE RA (RIVERSIDE AREA), BUT ITS CONDITION IS UNSATISFACTORY IN MY DISTRICT THERE IS ACCESS TO THE RA AND I USE IT FOR RECREATIONAL PURPOSES IN MY AREA THERE IS ACCESS TO THE RA AND I USE IT FOR RECREATIONAL PURPOSES, DESPITE THE FACT THAT IT IS NOT LANDSCAPED
ABSENCE OF EQUIPPED DESCENTS TO WATER AREA LACK OF EQUIPPED PEDESTRIAN RECREATIONAL ZONES NEAR THE RIVER LACK OF SPORT PATHS (CYCLING, RUNNING, SKIING) OVERCROWDED ON WEEKENDS
MY AREA IS TOO FAR FROM THE RA
LOW LEVEL OF RECREATIONAL SERVICES
I WOULD LIKE TO HAVE ACCESS TO RA IN MY RESIDENTIAL AREA
CLIMATE DISCOMFORT LENGTH OF ROUTES TO LEISURE FACILITIES FROM HOUSING AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT STOPS STORAGE AREAS, WASTE DUMPS LOCATION IN RIVERSIDE AREAS
187 PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter I Section 1.6
FACTORS AND PREREQUISITES AFFECTING THE KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS FORMATION II GROUP FACTORS COMPONENTS OF THE RIVERSIDE AREAS EQUIPMENT THAT COULD ATTRACT RESPONDENTS IN THE FUTURE
COMPONENTS OF THE RIVERSIDE AREAS EQUIPMENT CURRENTLY USED
COMPONENTS OF THE RIVERSIDE AREAS EQUIPMENT RESPONDERS ARE READY TO PAY TO BE ABLE TO USE
RATING OF THE COMPONENTS OF RIVERSIDE AREAS EQUIPMENT LEGEND PLAYGROUNDS FOR TEAM SPORTS OPEN AIR CONCERT HALL CLUB, MULTIMEDIA SPACES EXHIBITION MULTIMEDIA SPACES EXTREME SPORTS AREAS TRACKS FOR CYCLING, ROLLER, RUNNING, ETC. PARKS FOR CHILDREN OF ALL AGES THEME PARKS OBSERVATION PLATFORMS PATHS FOR PEDESTRIAN WALKS WITH RECREATION AREAS BEACHES WITH ARTIFICIAL SWIMMING POOLS CAFES, BARS, RESTAURANS PICNIC AND ECO-TOURISM SITES
RESPONDERS AGE
THE RESULTS OF SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY EXHIBITION MULTIMEDIA SPACES
EXTREME REST AREAS
EXTREME REST AREAS
CLUB, MULTIMEDIA SPACES
PLAYGROUNDS FOR TEAM SPORTS
PLAYGROUNDS FOR TEAM SPORTS
PLAYGROUNDS FOR TEAM SPORTS
PARKS FOR CHILDREN OF ALL AGES
BEACHES WITH ARTIFICIAL SWIMMING POOLS OPEN AIR CONCERT HALL
EXHIBITION MULTIMEDIA SPACES
THE RESULTS OF SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY READINESS TO VISIT PAID RECREATIONAL AND SPORTS AREAS ON THE EMBANKMENT
DOES THE CITY NEEDS A BICYCLE LANES?
YES, IN CASE OF LOW PRICE YES, IN CASE OF CONFORMITY OF THE PARK TO THE CONSUMERS’ IDEA ABOUT COMFORTABLE REST NO
HOW DOES THE RESPONDENTS GET FROM THE HOUSE TO THE RESTING PLACES ON THE RIVER BANK?
YES, IT IS NECESSARY
USING PERSONAL TRANSPORT
BY BICYCLE
NO
ON FOOT
BY PUBLIC TRANSPORT
FORMS OF SOCIAL PARTICIPATION IN RIVERSIDE AREAS DEVELOPMENT
PUBLIC DISCUSSION OF PROJECTS PLACING PROJECTS ON WEBSITES ACCOMMODATION OF INFORMATION AT PUBLIC TRANSPORT STOPS, IN PUBLIC PLACES INTRODUCTION OF A SPECIAL RUBRIC IN THE MEDIA - NEWSPAPERS, TELEVISION I DO NOT THINK IT IS NECESSARY TO INVOLVE PUBLIC IN THE DISCUSSION OF RIVERSIDE AREAS DEVELOPMENT
185 PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter I Section 1.6
FACTORS AND PREREQUISITES AFFECTING THE KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS FORMATION II GROUP FACTORS THE RESULTS OF SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY PERFORMED BY THE AUTHOR RATING OF MEASURES THAT MOTIVATE CITIZENS TO VISIT RIVERSIDE AREAS IN THE COLD SEASON
EQUIPMENT OF THE SITES WITH WINDPROOF STRUCTURES
CITY EVENTS AND CELEBRATIONS
CREATION OF COVERED HEATED PLACES FOR REST AND FOOD
CREATION OF INDOOR HEATED SPORTS GROUNDS
MESOCLIMATIC AREAS OF THE CITY
ARRANGEMENT OF SKI TRAILS
RIVERSIDE ORGANIZATION OF EXTREME WINTER SPORTS ACTIVITIES ON SHORE SLOPES
SOUTHERN CENTRAL
ORGANIZATION OF EXTREME WINTER SPORTS ACTIVITIES ON ON THE RIVER
ORIENTAL NORTHERN
ARRANGEMENT OF OPEN SPACES FOR GAME WINTER SPORTS
% OF THE FREQUENCY OF UNCOMFORTABLE CONDITIONS IN WINTER % OF THE FREQUENCY OF UNCOMFORTABLE CONDITIONS IN SUMMER WIND SPEED EXCESS
RESPONDENTS AGE GROUPS 41-60 41-50
26-40
18-25
12-17
THE RESULTS OF SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY PERFORMED BY THE AUTHOR FACTORS AFFECTING THE AMOUNT OF TIME PEOPLE STAY BY THE RIVER
SECURITY OF STAY THE NATURE OF LEISURE BY THE RIVER CLIMATIC COMFORT CONDITIONS
DYNAMIC OF VISITING RIVERSIDE AREAS DEPENDING ON THE SEASON
AUTUMN
SPRING
WINTER
SUMMER
RESPONDERS AGE
OVER 60
SECURITY OF STAY
CLIMATIC COMFORT
THE TYPE OF LEISURE BY THE RIVER
RARELY
1 TIME A YEAR
1 TIME A MONTH
MORE THAN 1 TIME A MONTH
1 TIME A WEEK
MORE THAN 1 TIME A WEEK
NIGHT
ACCOMMODATION OF INFORMATION AT PUBLIC TRANSPORT STOPS, IN PUBLIC PLACES INTRODUCTION OF A SPECIAL RUBRIC IN THE MEDIA - NEWSPAPERS, TELEVISION
PLACING PROJECTS ON WEBSITES
PUBLIC DISCUSSION OF PROJECTS
READINESS TO VISIT PAID RECREATIONAL AND SPORTS ZONES ON THE EMBANKMENT
PICNIC AND ECO-TOURISM SITES
CAFES, BARS, RESTAURANS
BEACHES WITH ARTIFICIAL SWIMMING POOLS
PATHS FOR PEDESTRIAN WALKS WITH RECREATION AREAS
OBSERVATION PLATFORMS
THEME PARKS
PARKS FOR CHILDREN OF ALL AGES
TRACKS FOR CYCLING, ROLLER, RUNNING, ETC
EXTREME SPORTS AREAS
EXHIBITION MULTIMEDIA SPACES
CLUB, MULTIMEDIA SPACES
OPEN AIR CONCERT HALL
STORAGE AREAS, WASTE DUMPS LOCATION IN RIVERSIDE AREAS
LENGTH OF ROUTES TO LEISURE FACILITIES FROM HOUSING AND PUBLIC
CLIMATE DISCOMFORT
LOW LEVEL OF RECREATIONAL SERVICE
OVERCROWDED ON WEEKENDS
LACK OF SPORT PATHS (CYCLING, RUNNING, SKIING)
LACK OF EQUIPPED PEDESTRIAN RECREATIONAL ZONES NEAR THE RIVER
ABSENCE OF EQUIPPED ACCESS TO WATER AREA
I WOULD LIKE TO HAVE ACCESS TO RA IN MY RESIDENTIAL AREA
MY AREA IS TOO FAR FROM THE RA
IN MY AREA THERE IS ACCESS TO RA AND I USE IT FOR RECR. PURPOSES, DESPITE THE FACT THAT IT ISN’T LANDSCAPED
IN MY AREA THERE IS ACCESS TO THE RA, BUT ITS CONDITION IS UNSATISFACTORY IN MY DISTRICT THERE IS ACCESS TO THE RA AND I USE IT FOR RECREATIONAL PURPOSES
THE CENTRAL EMBANKMENT IS SUFFICIENT
ACCESS BY PUBLIC TRANSPORT
ACCESS BY BICYCLE
ACCESS ON FOOT
ACCESS USING PRIVATE TRANSPORT
STRUCTURAL BLOCKS OF SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY
Chapter I
EVENING
DAY
MORNING
AUTUMN
SUMMER
SPRING
PLAYGROUNDS FOR TEAM SPORTS
STRUCTURAL BLOCKS OF SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY
ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICTS OF KHABAROVSK
Section 1.6
WINTER
STRUCTURAL BLOCKS OF SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY
RESPONDERS AGE
188
PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
FACTORS AND PREREQUISITES AFFECTING THE KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS FORMATION SOCIO-SPACIAL PARAMETERS
II GROUP FACTORS
CENTRALNY
KIROVSKY
INDUSTRIALNY
ZELEZNODOROZNY
KRASNOFLOTSKY
SOCIO- MOTIVATIONAL PARAMETERS
OVER 60
SOCIO- MOTIVATIONAL PARAMETERS
189 PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter I Section 1.2
FACTORS AND PREREQUISITES AFFECTING THE KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS FORMATION III GROUP FACTORS ZONES OF MAXIMUM URBANIZATION BY GENERAL PLAN 2006
MAIN TRANSPORT FRAMEWORK AXIS BY GENERAL PLAN 2006
LANDSCAPE - URBAN PLANNING TYPES DEFINITION
INDUSTRIAL ZONE HIGH-DENSITY ZONE MID-DENSITY ZONE LOW-DENSITY ZONE OPEN SPACES
INCREASE OF THE INTENSITY OF URBAN IMPACT
LOCALIZATION
LANDSCAPE-PLANNING TYPE SCHEME
PLANNING SCHEME
TOPOGRAPHY TYPE
LANDSCAPE - URBAN PLANNING TYPE I
NORTH PART OF THE CITY, KIROVSKY, KRASNOFLOTSKY DISTRICTS
COMPACT DISSECTED PLANNING MODEL
HILLY TERRAIN
LANDSCAPE - URBAN PLANNING TYPE II THE HISTORICAL CENTER OF THE CITY, THE INDUSTRIALNY DISTRICT PART LOCATED ALONG THE PIONERSKAYA STREET
COMPACT RECTANGULAR PLANNING MODEL
RAVINE-HILLY TERRAIN
LANDSCAPE - URBAN PLANNING TYPE III THE SOUTH PART OF THE CITY, THE NORTHERN OUTSKIRTS OF THE CITY
LINEAR DISSECTED PLANNING SCHEME
FLAT TERRAIN
190 PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter I Section 1.2
FACTORS AND PREREQUISITES AFFECTING THE KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS FORMATION III GROUP FACTORS PROBLEM BLOCKS OF THE URBAN SUBSYSTEMS
THE TENDENCY TO DEVELOP THE FLOODPLAIN PART OF THE RIVERSIDE AREA TO THE SOUTH OF THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF THE CITY
ARCHITECTURAL & URBAN PLANNING
ARCHITECTURAL & URBAN DEVELOPMENT OF RIVERSIDE AREA ONLY IN THE CENTRAL PART OF THE CITY THE TENDENCY TO DEVELOP THE FLOODPLAIN PART OF THE RIVERSIDE AREA TO THE SOUTH OF THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF THE CITY THE POLARIZATION OF THE PUBLIC CENTERS ALONG THE THE CITY LONGITUDINAL HIGHWAYS
FUNCTIONAL
RESIDENTIAL AREAS PREDOMINANCE ON THE UPPER TERRACE OF A HIGH RIVERSIDE SLOPE, THE OPEN SPACE OF WHICH DOES NOT HAVE A FUNCTIONAL IDENTITY EXCEPT SOME POINT RECREATIONAL OBJECTS. THE BUSINESS AND SOCIAL ACTIVITY CENTERS CONCENTRATION IN THE CITY CENTER THE INDUSTRIAL AND WAREHOUSE AREAS PREDOMINANCE, ALTERNATING WITH RESIDENTIAL AREAS IN THE INDUSTRIALNY DISTRICT
TRANSPORT
RAILWAYS IN THE PORTS AND INDUSTRY PROVIDE A BARRIER TO ACCESS TO THE RIVER ABSENCE OF A STABLE COMMUNICATION FRAMEWORK IN THE RIVERSIDE ZONE, EXCEPT FOR THE TERRITORY OF THE CENTRAL EMBANKMENT THE TRANSIT HIGHWAY OF THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE CITY CUTS OFF THE RIVERSIDE TERRITORY FROM THE CITY
NATURAL THE RIVERSIDE LANDSCAPE-ECOLOGICAL REGION IS DISTINGUISHED AS THE AREA WHICH LANDSCAPE CONDITIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH THE INFLUENCE OF THE AMUR RIVER. THE NORTHERN PART - IS CARACTERISED BY STEEP EROSION-DANGEROUS SLOPES OF HIGH TERRACES, DISMEMBERED BY RAVINES AND STREAMS THE SOUTHERN PART - IS WIDER AND MORE SLOPING, TURNS INTO A FLAT LOWLAND PLAIN - BOG, IS CARACTERISED BY A LARGE PROPORTION OF ALTERED LANDSCAPES, DISTURBED TERRITORIES
Chapter I EXISTING URBAN GREEN ZONES
EXISTING URBAN GREEN ZONES
FUNCTIONAL ZONES THAT LOST THEIR RELEVANCE
DISRUPTED AREAS
SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURAL SPECIALLY PROTECTED N AREAS OF REGIONAL IMPORTANCE AREAS OF CITY IMPORT
INUNDATED BANKS
ABANDONED INDUSTRIAL AREAS
ASH DUMPS
WAREHOUSES
LANDFILLS
CO TE
PROBLEMS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION TERRITORIAL RESOURCES
NATURAL TANCE
STREET GREENING
RAVINES
GREEN AREAS WITH RESTRICTED AREAS
FLOODPLAINS OF SMALL WATERCOURSES
BUFFER ZONES GREENING
STEEP RIVERBANK SLOPES
191
DECREPIT HOUSING
ONTAMINATED SMALL WAERCOURSES FLOODPLAINS
SAND MINING AREAS
PORT AREAS
ABANDONED SPECIAL TERRITORIES
AREAS OF SPONTANEOUS ACCESS BY AUTO TRANSPORT
INFRASTRUCTURALLY USED AREAS
Chapter II Section 2.2
RIVERSIDE AREAS LAYOUT CONTACT ZONE
(ACCORDING TO FUNCT MINES THE BOUNDARY DEPTH OF THE CITY AN CITY HIGHWAY, HAS LIN TASK OF PROVIDING RA THE POPULATION FROM RIVERSIDE AREAS; IN-DEPTH ZONE
INCLUDES THE MOST F BETWEEN THE CONTAC ORIENTED TOWARDS M RIVERSIDE AREAS (ZON FORESHORE ZONE
(ACCORDING TO NATUR OCCUPIES THE FLOODP SLOPE, IS LIMITED BY T AND IDENTIFIED AS A ZO FOR CONSERVATION OF ACCOUNT THE RESTRIC MATIONS IN THE ZONES HAZARDS (ZONE WIDTH
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS RIVERSIDE AREAS STRUCTURE
OPTIMIZATION ZONES
TIONAL-PLANNING CRITERIA) DETERY OF THE RIVERSIDE AREAS IN THE ND IS FORMED ALONG THE TRANSIT NEAR-NODAL NATURE, SOLVING THE APID TRANSPORT CONNECTION FOR M THE DEPTH OF THE CITY TO THE
RAL AND LANDSCAPE CRITERIA) PLAIN AND PART OF THE RIVERBANK THE EDGE OF THE SLOPE AND A DIKE, ONE WITH MAXIMUM REQUIREMENTS F NATURAL PROCESSES, TAKING INTO CTIONS FOR POTENTIAL TRANSFORS OF HIGHEST RISKS OF GEOLOGICAL H IS 20 - 250 M).
In-depth zone
Foreshore zone
192
FUNCTIONALLY SIGNIFICANT SPACES CT AND FORESHORE ZONES, MAINLY MOBILIZING THE RESOURCES OF THE NE WIDTH IS 40 - 1900 M);
Contact zone
Chapter II
THE ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK (BY NARBUDT I.E.)
FORESHORE ZONE
IN-DEPT ZONE
RIVERSIDE AREAS OF THE NORT
RIVERSIDE AREAS OF THE CENT SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURAL TERRITORIES LANDSCAPE AND RECREATIONAL ZONES OTHER GREEN AREAS EROSION-ACTIVE ZONES DUST-ACTIVE ZONES ANTHROPOGENIC AND TECHNOGENIC ZONES
RIVERSIDE AREAS OF THE SOU FORESHORE ZONE RIVERSIDE AREA BOUNDARYCONTACT ZONE
INCREASE OF ECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL
NATURE OF THE SHORELINE (IN THE FORESHORE ZONE): 1) UNSETTLED RIVERBANK SLOPE, 2) EMBANKMENT-PIER, 3) INUNDA TYPOGRAPHY TYPE (IN THE IN-DEPTH ZONE): 4) RAVINE-HILLY, 5) RAVINE-HILLY WITH CLOSED WATERCOURSES, 6) PLAIN WITH INTERACTION OF MAIN HIGHWAY WITH THE TOPOGRAPHY TYPES: 7) ALONG THE WATERSHED PARALLEL TO THE RIVER, 8) AL CHARACTER OF FUNCTIONAL ZONES INTEGRATION TO THE FORESHORE ZONE: 10) DISPERSE TWO-LEVEL, 11)TWO-LEVEL: CON PLANNING SCHEME IN IN-DEPTH ZONE: 13)COMPACT SLOPE, 14) COMPACT RECTANGULAR 15) LINEAR; THE NATURE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FUNCTIONS OF THE SOCIAL CENTER (IN THE CONTACT ZONE): 16) NODAL, 17) GR
* THE SIZE IS GIVEN FROM THE SHORELINE TO THE CONTACT ZONE, IN PARENTHESES IS THE AVERAGE VALUE OVER THE WHOL
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
E RIVERSIDE AREAS’ ZONES OF TRANSFORMATION STRUCTURE THEORETICAL MODELING
TH
ANTHROPOGENIC AND TECHNOGENIC ZONES (GENERAL PLAN 2006)
CONTACT ZONE
THERN PART OF THE CITY
TRAL PART OF THE CITY
INDUSTRIAL ZONE HIGH-DENSITY ZONE MID-DENSITY ZONE LOW-DENSITY ZONE OPEN SPACES
UTHERN PART OF THE CITY FORESHORE ZONE RIVERSIDE AREA BOUNDARY CONTACT ZONE
INCREASE OF THE INTENSITY OF URBAN IMPACT
ATED AREA, DAM; H OPEN WATERCOURSES; LONG THE WATERSHED PERPENDICULAR TO THE RIVER, 9) ON A DAM WITH THE INTERSECTION OF SMALL WATERCOURSES; NTINUOUS LONGITUDINAL, LINEAR-NODE, 12) DISPERSED SOLID;
ROUP, 18) LINEAR.
LE AREA
Chapter II
TH NATURAL AREAS
FORESHORE ZONE
IN-DEPT ZONE
RIVERSIDE AREAS OF THE NOR
RIVERSIDE AREAS OF THE CEN
RIVERSIDE AREAS OF THE SOU
NATURE OF THE SHORELINE (IN THE FORESHORE ZONE): 1) UNSETTLED RIVERBANK SLOPE, 2) EMBANKMENT-PIER, 3) INUND TYPOGRAPHY TYPE (IN THE IN-DEPTH ZONE): 4) RAVINE-HILLY, 5) RAVINE-HILLY WITH CLOSED WATERCOURSES, 6) PLAIN WIT INTERACTION OF MAIN HIGHWAY WITH THE TOPOGRAPHY TYPES: 7) ALONG THE WATERSHED PARALLEL TO THE RIVER, 8) AL CHARACTER OF FUNCTIONAL ZONES INTEGRATION TO THE FORESHORE ZONE: 10) DISPERSE TWO-LEVEL, 11)TWO-LEVEL: CON PLANNING SCHEME IN IN-DEPTH ZONE: 13)COMPACT SLOPE, 14) COMPACT RECTANGULAR 15) LINEAR; THE NATURE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FUNCTIONS OF THE SOCIAL CENTER (IN THE CONTACT ZONE): 16) NODAL, 17) GR
* THE SIZE IS GIVEN FROM THE SHORELINE TO THE CONTACT ZONE, IN PARENTHESES IS THE AVERAGE VALUE OVER THE WHOL
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
HE RIVERSIDE AREAS’ ZONES OF TRANSFORMATION STRUCTURE THEORETICAL MODELING
TH E
CONTACT ZONE
URBAN AREAS
RTHERN PART OF THE CITY
NTRAL PART OF THE CITY
DATED AREA, DAM; TH OPEN WATERCOURSES; LONG THE WATERSHED PERPENDICULAR TO THE RIVER, 9) ON A DAM WITH THE INTERSECTION OF SMALL WATERCOURSES; NTINUOUS LONGITUDINAL, LINEAR-NODE, 12) DISPERSED SOLID;
ROUP, 18) LINEAR.
LE AREA
194
UTHERN PART OF THE CITY
Chapter II Section 2.3.1
METHODS OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS ECO-URB ECOLOGICAL RESTRUCTURING METHOD a system of prioritized natural components of the landscape formation, based on the restoration of the lost fragments of natural environment and functionally justified substitution of anthropogenic and technogenic components with the aim of an ecological framework creation.
BY FUNCTION IN THE ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK
COMMUNICATION ELEMENTS
NODAL ELEMENTS
BUFFER ELEMENTS
BY ECOLOGICAL FUNCTION
ENVIRONMENT-FORMING
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING
VULNERABLE
BY DEGREEOF NATURALNESS
NATURAL-LIKE
NATURAL-ANTROPOGENIC
ARTIFICIAL
DEPENDING ON THE MOTIVATION OF INDIVIDUAL STAY
MOVEMENT ALONG THE RIVER
STAY IN RECREATIONAL AREAS
DIRECTED MOVEMENT RIVER-CITY
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
BAN OPTIMIZATION
ECO-OASIS BASED ON NATURAL AREAS
ECO-OASIS - REGENERATION OF POST-INDUSTRIAL AREAS
ECO-OASIS - REGENERATION OF POST-INDUSTRIAL AREAS
ECO-CORRIDORS FUTURE DEVELOPMENT
EXISTING URBAN GREENING
BUFFER SPACE
CONSERVED INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES
195
ECO-OASIS - REGENERATION OF POST-INDUSTRIAL AREAS
Chapter II Chapter
II
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
METHODS OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS ECO-URBA
Section 2.2
SOCIAL ADAPTATION METHOD creating a system of spaces responding to the structure of current public needs and the diversity of motivations of different age groups, at any time of the year.
BY PERIOD OF USE
DEPENDING ON RESISTANCE ON THE WEATHER CONDITIONS
SEASONAL-USE
OPEN
BY THE TYPE OF THE RECREATIONAL FUNCTION
ACTIVE RECREATION
BY DEGREE OF PRIVACY
PUBLIC USE
ALL-SEASONAL USE
USING MEANS SMOOTHING DISCOMFORT
SEMI-CLOSED
PASSIVE RECREATION
COMMUNITY USE
SEASONALLY TRANSFORMABLE FUNCTION
CLOSED
EDUCATIONAL/ PERFOMANCE
PRIVATE USE
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
AN OPTIMIZATION
PUBLIC ACCESS FROM REMOTE PARTS OF THE CITY
PUBLIC ACCESS FROM REMOTE PARTS OF THE CITY
MAIN PEDESTRIAN ACCESS ROUTES
197
PEDESTRIAN ACCESS THROUGH PERMEABILE RESIDENTIAL
RESIDENTIAL DISTRICTS SEASONAL USE FACILITIES
ZONES OF HIGH DENSITY DEVELOPMENT CITY HIGHWAYS
ALL-SEASON USE SERVICE AND RECREATION FACILITIES
FORESHORE KHABAROVSK CITY BOUNDARY
FORESHORE IMPROVEMENT & COMMUNICATION FRAMEWORK
Chapter II II Chapter
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
METHODS OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS ECO-URBAN
Section 2.3.3
CURRE MENTPART O
CENTE COMM ACTIVI
FORMATION OF COMMUNICATION NETWORK AND ANCHORED POINTS OF DEVELOPMENT
BY ZONE OF DEVELOPMENT
BY STRATEGY OF ANTROPOGENIC & NATURAL ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION
FILLING OF THE LOTS DEFINED AS A RESULT OF THE FORMATION OF PUBLIC SPACES STRUCTURE
ZONES COMM ACTIVI
POSTINDUSTRIAL ZONE
RESIDENTIAL ZONE
NATURAL ZONE
ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK FORMATION
MUTUAL INTEGRATION
COMMUNICATION FRAMEWORK FORMATION
CUMULATIVE RECOUPMENT METHOD
FORM SPACE THE R
ZONES COMM ACTIVI
gradual development of natural infrastructure in the area, following a model that ensures recoupment at each individual stage of project implementation.
RESID
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
N OPTIMIZATION
ENT INVESTT-ATTRACTIVE OF THE CITY
ERS OF BUSINESS, MERCIAL, PUBLIC ITY
199
S OF BUSINESS, MERCIAL, PUBLIC ITY
MATION OF PUBLIC ES TOWARDS RIVER
S OF BUSINESS, MERCIAL, PUBLIC ITY
DENTIAL ZONES
CURRENT INVESTMENT-ATTRACTIVE PART OF THE CITY CITY HIGHWAYS FORESHORE KHABAROVSK CITY BOUNDARY
196
Chapter II
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS ECOLOGICAL RESTRUCTURING METHOD
Section 2.3.1 ZONE OF METHOD APPLICATION
CASE STUDY
MODEL DEFINITION
MODEL OF THE FORMATION OF IN-DEPTH GREEN WATER CONNECTIONS SYSTEM
BOGOTA, GREEN MASTER PLAN OF THE CITY
The model of in-depth green water connections system formation with the nodal completion in the foreshore zone on the basis of the rehabilitation of small watercourses and hollow spaces.
MODEL OF THE EFFECTIVE GREEN SPACES FORMATION ON THE AREAS WITH A COMPLEX FLOOD REGIME
SEOUL, YEOUIDO RIVERSIDE PARK, COMPETITION PROJECT
The model of the effective green spaces formation on the foreshore areas with a complex flood regime illustrates the approach based on the principle of ecological positivity with the priority of natural processes preservation.
MODEL OF AN ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK FORMATION BASING ON THE POSTINDUSTRIAL SPACES DEVELOPMENT
HELSINKI, PARK-JEWEL IN LANSATAMANPUISTO DISTRICT
The model is based on the fact that the identification of the structure of green public spaces becomes a decisive factor in the formation of the new planning structure of the postindustrial areas and it’s stable links with the city.
198
Chapter II
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Section 2.3.2 ZONE OF APPLICATION
SOCIAL ADAPTATION METHOD MODEL DEFINITION
CASE STUDY
MODEL OF FUNCTIONALLY-RICH COMMUNICATION SPACE FORMING
BOGOTA, GREEN MASTER PLAN
Corridor of city importance provides access to the population from nodal areas in contact zone to the foreshore zone. These territories are formed on the principle of functional diversity that ensures the attractiveness of the corridor, on the one hand and partial redistribution of recreational load from the foreshore zone, in depth of the city, on the other hand. SONGDO INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS DISTRICT S.KOREA
MODEL OF OF A COMMUNICATION SPACE, COMBINED WITH A COLLECTIVE SPACE FORMING
ARABIANRANTA RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT, HELSINKI
SAINT DENIS FRANCE, ECOLOGICAL DISTRICT
Communication of internal importance for access to riverside areas from adjacent residential areas. It can be formed by integration of the collective space to the ecological framework. These are non-transport ecological corridors that include recreational areas for low-mobility population groups with effective screening of transit slow mobility flows, thus, provided effective shielding, the communication space can play the role of a collective space, forming a residential recreational zone.
200
Chapter II
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Section 2.3.1 ZONE OF METHOD APPLICATION
ECOLOGICAL RESTRUCTURING METHOD CASE STUDY
MODEL DEFINITION
MODEL OF AN ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK CONSTRUCTION IN THE STRUCTURE OF COMPLEX RE-PROFILED AREAS
TORONTO CITY BEACH
The model is based on creating a program for stage-by-stage development. A strategy that assumes as a priority of spatial structure of the territory the objectives of system of green spaces creation for general use adequate to the needs of different population groups
VANCOUVER, RESIDENTIAL AREA FALSE CREEK
MODEL OF ENVIRONMENTAL FRAMEWORK COMPONENTS INTEGRATION WITH BUSINESS, RESIDENTIAL, RECREATIONAL FUNCTIONS
ARABIANRANTA RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT, HELSINKI
Integration of the ecological framework and adjacent residential development allows the formation of a buffer space that includes a variety of recreational functions and regulates the direct pressure to components of a nature.
MODEL OF COMMERCIAL PUBLIC SERVICES INCLUSION IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK COMPONENT
PARIS PARK LA VILLETTE
The model assumes the adaptation of natural areas to recreational use with the transition from spontaneous destructive use to an organized, preserving natural processes, by creating a communication framework with a service system based on the principles of self-sufficiency, expanding the set of types of public spaces for different age groups with the inclusion of commercial use.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter II Section 2.4
INTEGRATED MODEL FOR ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF RIVERSIDE AREAS OF KHABAROVSK
ECOLOGICAL RESTRUCTURING METHOD (scheme 1)
SOCIAL ADAPTATION METHOD (scheme 2)
CUMULATIVE RECOUPMENT METHOD (scheme 3)
FUNCTIONAL OPTIMIZATION (scheme 4)
LEGEND (scheme 1)
LEGEND (scheme 2)
ECO-OASISES: ECO-OASISES: BASED ON NATURAL TERRITORIES
PUBLIC ACCESS FROM REMOTE PARTS OF THE CITY
REGENERATION OF POSTIND.TERRITORIES
MAIN PEDESTRIAN ACCESS ROUTES
BUFFER SPACE ECO-CORRIDORS PERSPECTIVE ECO-CORRIDORS DEVELOPMENT INTO THE DEPTH OF THE CITY RETAINED INDUSTRIAL AREAS EXISTING URBAN GREEN ZONES
PUBLIC-TRANSPORT NODES PEDESTRIAN ACCESS THROUGH PERMEABILE RESIDENTIAL AREA FORESHORE IMPROVEMENT & COMMUNICATION FRAMEWORK DEVELOPMENT ALL-SEASON USE SERVICE AND RECREATION FACILITIES SEASONAL USE FACILITIES RESIDENTIAL DISTRICTS ZONES OF HIGH DENSITY DEVELOPMENT
LEGEND (scheme 3)
LEGEND (scheme 4)
CURRENT INVESTMENT-ATTRACTIVE PART OF THE CITY INVESTMENT ZONES OF RECONSTRUCTION (GENERAL PLAN 2006) ZONES OF BUSINESS, COMMERCIAL, PUBLIC ACTIVITY
CONTACT ZONE
ZONES OF RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT RECREATIONAL ZONES CENTERS OF BUSINESS, COMMERCIAL, PUBLIC ACTIVITY CENTERS OF RECREATIONAL ACTIVITY FORMATION OF PUBLIC SPACES TOWARDS THE RIVER RECREATIONAL ZONES ALONG THE RIVER
NODE CENTERS IN THE CONTACT ZONE IN-DEEPTH ZONE FORESHORE ZONE
RESIDENTIAL DISTRICTS PUBLIC CENTERS OF DISTRICTS
202 THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter II Section 2.5
A TYPOLOGY OF ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK COMPONENTS OF KHABAROVSK CITY
202 BY FUNCTION IN THE ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK COMMUNICATION ELEMENTS
BUFFER ELEMENTS
NODAL ELEMENTS
BY THE NATURE OF INTERACTION WITH ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT-FORMING
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING
VULNERABLE
BY DEGREE OF NATURALNESS NATURE-LIKE
NATURAL-ANTHROPOGENIC
ARTIFICIAL
DEPENDING ON THE MOTIVATION OF INDIVIDUAL STAY MOVEMENT ALONG THE RIVER
STAY IN RECREATIONAL AREAS
DIRECTED MOVEMENT RIVER-CITY
DEPENDING ON THE ZONES OF BOUNDARY SPACES WITH WATER
WITH HOUSES
WITH COMMUNITY CENTER
WITH INDUSTRIAL ZONE
WITH URBAN HIGHWAY
204
Chapter III Section 3.2
DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS THE STRATEGY OF KHABAROVSK ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK DEVELOPMENT
FIRST STAGE : THE DISPERSED FORMATION OF “ECO-OASES” ON THE RIVERSIDE TERRITORIES IS PROPOSED AS THE KEY ELEMENTS OF THE CITY ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK.
Chapter III Section 3.2
DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS THE STRATEGY OF KHABAROVSK ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK FORMING
3.3 TABLE 3. LIST OF THE OPEN SPACES PROPOSED TO FORM THE NODAL ELEMENTS OF THE ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK AT THE FIRST STAGE
DISTRICT
Ь TERRITORIAL RESOURCES FOR ECO-OASIS FORMATION
OF OBJECTS SITUATED ON THE AREA AREA ECO-OASIS OF TRANSFORMATION
RA OF SOUTHERN PART
RAЬ OF CENTRAL PART OF THE CITY
RA OF NORTHTERN PART OF THE CITY
UNDEVELOPED RAVINE AREAS SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURAL HA AREAS TECHNOGENICALLY DESTURBED AREA
FOREST PARK “VORONEZSKY“ NAVY OFFICERS HOUSE PARK GREEN AREAS OF RESTRICTED ACCESS TRANSFERRED TO THE CITY
UNDEVELOPED RAVINE / INFRAUSED AREAS
HA
UNDEVELOPED AREA ADJACENT TO THE AMUR RIVER BRIDGE SMALL WATERCOURSE FLOODPLAIN RAVINE AREA
HA
THE PARK ZONE OF THE MILITARY SANATO RIUM “BOGDANOVKA” PARK ZONE IN THE DISTRICT OF THE ALCO HOL FACTORY GREEN GROVE IN THE TOPOGRAPHIC COLLEGE AREA
UNDEVELOPED AREAS SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURAL AREAS PARK AREA ASSIGNED
INDUSTRIAL AREAS BUFFER ZONE GREEN AREA SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURAL AREAS
HA
Ь
TECHNOGENICALLY DESTURBED AREA CARGO PORT AREA TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE AREAS BUFFER ZONE GREEN AREA UNDEVELOPED RAVINE AREAS
UNDEVELOPED AREAS DESTURBED TECHNOGENICALLY AREA TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE AREAS
TECHNOGENICALLY DESTURBED AREA
INDUSTRIAL AREA TECHNOGENICALLY DESTURBED AREA
HA
BUILDABLE
GREENERY PAVED
ENVIRONMENT-FORMING
ENVIRONMENT-FORMING
ENVIRONMENT-FORMING
ЬЬ FACTORY “DALDISEL“ PARK OF FACTORY “DALDISEL“ ЬЬ
ENVIRONMENT-STABILISING
ENVIRONMENT-STABILISING
CARGO PORT AREA TREATMENT FACILITIES AREA LANDSLIDE RIVERSIDE SLOPES PERSPECTIVE AQUAPARK AREA (10 HA)
Ь
HA
PROPOSED ECO-OASIS TYPE
UNUSED FLOODED FORESHORE AREA SITUATED BETWEEN PIONERSKAYA STREET AND AQUATORY
HA
ASH TWO DUMPS 50% OF WHICH IS SITU ATED IN THE SANITARY PROTECTIVE ZONE
HA
NON-FUNCTIONING CEMENT-PROCESSING PLANT CONTIGUOUS TECHNOGENICALLY DES TURBED FORESHORE AREA
ENVIRONMENT-FORMING
ENVIRONMENT-STABILISING
ENVIRONMENT-STABILISING
206
DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter III Section 3.2
THE STRATEGY OF KHABAROVSK ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK DEVELOPMENT
SECOND STAGE : TRANSITION FROM A HOMOGENEOUSLY DISPERSED MODEL TO A SINGLE SYSTEM OF AN ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK BY MEANS OF OPTIMIZATION OF COMMUNICATION ELEMENTS OF THE FRAMEWORK — ECO-CORRIDORS.
LEGEND ECO-CORIDORS TOWARDS THE RIVER SEQUENCE NUMBER SEE DESCRIPTION
NATURAL-BASED ECO-CORIDORS
LONGITUDINAL ECO-CORIDORS TYPE 1 TYPE 2 TYPE 3
ECO-CORIDORS BASED ON POST-INDUSTRIAL ZONES REGENERATION PRESERVED INDUSTRIAL ZONES
207 DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter III Section 3.2
THE STRATEGY OF KHABAROVSK ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK FORMING
DISTRICT
TABLE 4. LIST OF THE OPEN SPACES PROPOSED TO FORM THE COMMUNICATIONAL ELEMENTS OF THE ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK AT THE SECOND STAGE: ECO-CORRIDORS IN THE DIRECTION CITY-RIVER
RAЬ OF CENTRAL PART OF THE CITY
RA OF NORTHTERN PART OF THE CITY
Ь CORRIDOR TERRITORIAL RESOURCES FOR OBJECTS SITUATED ON THE CON DEVELOP ECO-CORRIDOR FORMATION NECTED AREAS OF TRANSFORMATION DEPTH MENT
UNDEVELOPED AREA WITH OPEN WATERCOURSE
TECHNOGENICALLY DESTURBED AREA, ASSIGNED PARK AREA
ZONE OF NEW REAL ESTATE RESI DENTIAL DEVELOPMENT WITH DEM OLITION AND PARTIALLY RECON STRUCTION OF DILAPIDATED FUND
INDUSTRIAL ZONE, RAILWAY
EXISTING RECREATIONAL AREA
EXISTING RECREATIONAL AREA
SPACE WITH TRANSPORT INEFFICIENTLY ADJACENT AREAS USEDЬ
ZONE NEW REALЬ ESTATE RESI OF DENTIAL DEVELOPMENT WITH DEM OLITION OF DILAPIDATED FUND
RA OF SOUTHERN PART
CORRIDOR – IS A CONNECTION OF THE OF SERAPHIM SAROSSKY TEMPLE PARK, SANITARY ZONE AND TOPOGRAPHIC TECH NICAL SCHOOL GREEN AREA, PASSING IN DIFFERENT PLANES WITH RAILWAY TRACKS THE HOLLOW SPACE WITH A TEMPORARY THAT LEADS WATERCOURSE TO THE WA TER AREA IN THE VICINITY OF THE STREET. KAVALERIYSKAYA, SITUATED IN THE STRUCTURE RESIDENTIAL OF LOW-RISE AREA Ь OFTHE CONNECTION OIL REFINERY WITH THE RIVERSIDE TERRITORY THROUGH THE AERATION CORRIDOR
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING ECO-CORRIDOR IN OF CONDITIONS RECONSTRUCTION
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING ECO-CORRIDOR INTEGRATED WITH THE PUBLIC SPACES OF THE RESIDENTIAL ZONE
IN ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING ECO-CORRIDOR CONDITIONS OF RECONSTRUCTION
Ь ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING ECO-CORRIDOR AMURSKY BOULEVARD, A HOLLOW SPACE TRANSPORT ZONE WITH WITH A DEVELOPED SYSTEM OF GARDEN ING
Ь AMURSKY A HOLLOW SPACE BOULEVARD, WITH A DEVELOPED SYSTEM OF GARDEN ING USSURIYSKY BOULEVARD, A HOLLOW Ь SPACE WITH A DEVELOPED SYSTEM OF Ь GARDENING
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING ECO-CORRIDOR WITH TRANSPORT ZONE ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING ECO-CORRIDOR WITH TRANSPORT ZONE
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING ECO-CORRIDOR INTEGRATED A HOLLOW SPACE WITH A TEMPORARY WAWITH THE PUBLIC SPACES OF THE TERCOURSE IN THE VICINITY OF YUNOSTI RESIDENTIAL ZONE STREET
FLEGONTOV STREET, CONNECTING THE PARK OF GAGARIN AND THE RECREATION AL AND SPORTS ZONE UNDER CONSTRUC TION ON THE RIVER BANK
ON ECOCORRIDOR TECHNOGENICALLY DISTURBED TERRITORIES IN THE STRUCTURE OF RESIDENTIAL ZONE
ENVIRONMENT-FORMING ECO-CORRIDOR IN THE TERRITORY ADJACENT TO THE BRIDGE, TEGRATED WITH THE PUBLIC SPACES OF THE THE WATERCOURSE IN THE RAVINE ALONG RESIDENTIAL ZONE Ь THE OSIPOVKA STREET.
Ь INTRAQUARTER TRANSPORTLESS SPACE WITH AN OPEN WATER COURSE
ON ECOCORRIDOR TECHNOGEN DISTURBED ICALLY TERRITORIES ESTATE OF NEW REAL RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
ECO-CORRIDOR WIDTH, M
ZONE NEW REALЬ ESTATE RESI OF DENTIAL DEVELOPMENT WITH DEM OLITION OF DILAPIDATED FUND
Ь ECO-CORRIDOR FUNCTIONAL TYPE
Ь TECHNOLOGICALLY DISTURBED AREA AD JACENT TO THE INDUSTRIAL STREET
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING ECO-CORRIDOR INTEGRATED WITH THE PUBLIC SPACES OF THE RESIDENTIAL ZONE
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING ECO-CORRIDOR INTEGRATED WITH THE PUBLIC SPACES OF THE RESIDENTIAL ZONE
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING ECO-CORRIDOR INTEGRATED WITH THE PUBLIC SPACES OF THE A HOLLOW SPACE WITH A SMALL WATER- RESIDENTIAL ZONE COURSE
ACCESS TO THE RIVER FROM THE CENTER OF A RESIDENTIAL AREA
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING ECO-CORRIDOR INTEGRATED WITH THE PUBLIC SPACES OF THE RESIDENTIAL ZONE
208
Chapter III Section 3.2
DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS THE STRATEGY OF KHABAROVSK ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK FORMING
TABLE 5. LIST OF THE OPEN SPACES PROPOSED TO FORM THE COMMUNICATIONAL ELEMENTS OF THE ECO DIRECTION. LOGICAL FRAMEWORK AT THE SECOND STAGE: ECO-CORRIDORS IN THE LONGITUDINAL
ECO-CORIDOR
TYPE
Ь TERRITORIAL RESOURCES FOR ECO-CORRIDOR FORMATION
ECO-CORIDOR Ь EXTENTION
ECO-CORRIDOR FUNCTIONAL TYPE Ь
ECO-CORRIDOR WIDTH, M TYPE 1
ANTHROPOGENICALLY MODIFIED RIVERSIDE AREAS
TYPE 2
RIVERSIDE AREAS WITH ACTIVE FORMS OF RELIEF PREDONINANCE Ь
TYPE 3
RIVERSIDE AREAS IN CONDITIONS OF COM PLEX FLOOD REGIME
ENVIRONMENT-FORMING ENVIRONMENT-FORMING
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING
217 DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter III Section 3.2
THE STRATEGY OF KHABAROVSK ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK FORMING HYPOTHETICAL AERATION FRAMEWORK MODEL FACTORS AFFECTING THE AERATION REGIME
WIND ROSE
WINTER
SUMMER
RA OF THE NORTHERN PART OF THE CITY
The highest frequency of uncomfortable conditions in the winter period due to the significant wind loads. Especially in the coastal zone, where the average temperature is 1.5 to 1.0 degrees below the city average.
BREEZE CIRCULATION
DAY
RA OF THE CENTRAL PART OF THE CITY AERATION REGIME CONDITIONS
NIGHT
RA OF CENTRAL PART OF THE CITY
In the historical center, the frequency of uncomfortable conditions is the smallest (40-55%) due to the presence of aeration framework formed by urban boulevards. The width of the boulevards is 110-140m The size of the buildable area between the boulevards is 600m10-140m
size of the buildable area between
The greatest frequency of discomfort conditions is observed in the summer (40-75%) due to urban heat island effect in high density areas. At the same time, the presence of a considerable number of industrial enterprises causes environmental discomfort. In the peripheral part, significant wind force excess is detected.
OBJECTIVES OF AERATION REGIME REGULATION Wind speed decrease in the riverside area
Wind speed decrease mainly in the foreshore zone Providing aeration of in-depth zone in summer
Wind speed decrease mainly in the peryphery area Providing aeration of in-depth zone in summer
STRUCTURE OF AERATION CORRIDORS PROPOSAL
Oil refinery plant II polution class
Southern Industrial Area III-IV polution class
Stationary sources of pollution in the river influence zone
Night breeze circulation with possible harmful emissions transfer
Zones where wind protection measures are required
Aeration corridors, “sucking” the air in the city depths
209 DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter III Section 3.2
RIVERSIDE AREAS OPTIMAL DEVELOPMENT SCENARIOS
CITY NORTHERN PART RIVERSIDE AREAS
CITY CENTRAL PART RIVERSIDE AREAS
DEVELOPMENT SCENARIO FOR THE RIVERSIDE AREAS WITH ACTIVE FORMS OF RELIEF PREDOMINANCE
RIVERSIDE AREAS IN CONDITIONS OF HIGH RECREATIONAL LOADS DEVELOPMENT SCENARIO
NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS IN SLOPING AREAS CONSERVATION AND RECUPERATION CONCEPT
POSTINDUSTRIAL AREAS REGENERATION WITH PRESERVATION OF “MEMORY OF A PLACE” CONCEPT
NATURAL AND RECREATIONAL FRAMEWORK CONSTRUCTION CONCEPT
RE-DEVELOPMENT BASED ON THE I NATURAL COMPONENTS NTRODUCTION AND THE ENERGY SAVING TECHNIQUES USE CONCEPT
ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK COMPONENTS INTEGRATING INTO THE STRUCTURE OF RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT
ENVIRONMENTAL FRAMEWORK COMPONENTS AND COMMERCIAL SERVICE FUNCTIONS INTEGRATION CONCEPT
CITY SOUTHERN PART RIVERSIDE AREAS RIVERSIDE AREAS DEVELOPMENT IN CONDITIONS OF ANTHROPOGENIC AND TECHNOGENIC LANDSCAPES REGENERATION ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK CONSTRUCTING IN THE STRUCTURE OF TRANSFORMED POST-INDUSTRIAL SPACES RIVERSIDE AREAS REGENERATION ON THE AREAS WITH COMPLEX FLOOD REGIME
ECOLOGICAL RESTRUCTURING METHOD GULLY LANDS ARRANGEMENT WITH THE ECO-CORRIDORS FORMATION
FORMATION OF FUNCTIONALLY FILLED SPACES IN THE STRUCTURE OF ECO-CORRIDORS
NATURAL PROCESSES IN THE FORESHORE ZONE PRESERVATION AND STIMULATION
SLOPE AREAS GEOSTABILITY INCREASING
TRANSPORT COMMUNICATION SPACES RENATURALIZATION
NATURAL AREAS REVITALIZATION ALONG WITH NATURAL-ANTHROPOGENIC COMPLEXES FORMATION
BUFFER ZONES FORMATION AND IMPROVEMENT
SMALL WATERCOURSES REHABILITATION AS THE NEW ECO-CORRIDORS ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK CONSTRUCTION ON THE POSTINDUSTRIAL TERRITORIES
TRANSPORT SPACES BUFFER SCREENING
area between the boule
area between
ECO-OASIS
ECO-CORRIDORS
ARTIFICIAL, RENATURALISED
TRANSVERSE TRANSPORT
NATURAL-BASED
TRANSVERSE NON-TRANSP.
ANTHROPOGENIC AND TECHNOGENIC ZONE BUFFER AREA TRANSPORT STREETS REGENERATED ZONE
ENVIRONMENT-FORMING AREA
LONGITUDINAL NON-TRANSP.
BUILDABLE AREA
NON-TRANSPORT STREETS
3D SCHEME LEGEND TRANSPORT ECO-CORRIDOR
ECO-OASIS
NON-TRANSPORT ECO-COR-
LANDSCAPE MORPHOLOGY KEY ELEMENTS
RIDOR
SOCIAL ADAPTATION METHOD RECREATIONAL FACILITIES ARRANGEMENT IN THE ZONE OF VISUAL COMMUNICATION WITH THE RIVER AT PUBLIC TRANSPORT NODES
C O M M U N I C AT I O N SPACES VERTICAL STRATIFICATION
RECREATIONAL LOAD REDISTRIBUTION BY THE NEW RECREATIONAL OBJECTS INTRODUCTION TO THE FORESHORE ZONE
PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLE ROUTES DEVELOPMENT IN THE FORESHORE ZONE
SET UP OF NON-TRANSPORT PEDESTRIAN ROUTES TOWARDS THE RIVER
DEVELOPMENT OF NON-TRANSPORT PEDESTRIAN ROUTES TOWARDS THE RIVER
EXTENDED RECREATIONAL SPACES STRUCTURING
CONSTRUCTION OF A COMMUNICATION FRAME IN THE RIVERSIDE SLOPE ZONE
NATURAL AND RECREATIONAL FRAME CONSTRUCTION ON THE FLOODED FORESHORE AREA
SEASONALLY TRANSFORMABLE RECREATIONAL OBJECTS RECREATIONAL OBJECTS CLOSED TYPE ALL-SEASON USE IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT NODES
OPEN TYPE ALL-SEASON USE
CLOSED TYPE ALL-SEASON USE
OPEN TYPE SEASONAL USE
ANTHROPOGENIC AND TECHNOGENIC ZONE
PEDESTRIAN FLOWS DIRECTIONAL MOVEMENT CITY-RIVER
TRANSPORT STREETS
TRANSIT TRAFFIC ALONG THE RIVER
BUILDABLE AREA
RECREATIONAL MOVEMENT
UNDERGROUND PARKING
3D SCHEME LEGEND DIRECTIONAL MOVEMENT CITY-RIVER
ALL-SEASON USE RECREATIONAL OBJECTS IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT NODES
TRAFFIC ALONG THE RIVER
SEASONAL USE RECREATIONAL OBJECTS
CUMULATIVE RECOUPMENT METHOD ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK COMPONENTS INTEGRATION INTO THE NEW REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT
POST-INDUSTRIAL TERRITORIES RE-PROFILING TO THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT BRANDING OBJECTS
NATURAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROVISION AS A FACTOR OF REAL ESTATE CONSUMER APPEAL
COMMERCIAL RECREATIONAL SERVICE FUNCTIONS INTEGRATION INTO THE SUBURBAN FOREST PARKS SYSTEM
RECREATIONAL SPACES FILLING WITH SERVICE OBJECTS CORRESPONDING TO THE MODERN SOCIAL NEEDS STRUCTURE
PERIPHERY PARKS RECUPERATION AS CITY AND REGIONAL SIGNIFICANCE HERITAGE OBJECTS
PRIORITY TO THE GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT TOWARDS THE RIVER AS THE BASIS FOR URBAN ENVIRONMENT REGENERATION.
COMMERCIAL PEDESTRIAN STREETS DEVELOPMENT TOWARDS THE RIVER
COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY AXES AND OBJECTS REAL ESTATE TRANSFORMABLE OBJECTS ON THE LEASED AREAS
ANTHROPOGENIC AND TECHNOGENIC ZONE
DEVELOPMENT OF RETAIL AND SERVICES ALONG THE COMMUNICATION AXES
MAIN PEDESTRIAN VECTORS
HIGHWAYS
REGENERATED ZONE
STREETS
THE MOST SUTABLE AXES FOR COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT
BUILDABLE AREA
PASSAGES
ARRANGEMENT OF RECREATIONAL AREAS ON THE BASIS OF ENCUMBRANCES
3D SCHEME LEGEND STABLE COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY AREAS SEASONALLY-TRANSFORMABLE COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY AREAS
COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY DEVELOPMENT ALONG COMMUNICATION AXES SEASONAL COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY DEVELOPMENT AXES
ALL-SEASON EQUIPMENTS OBJECTS OF SEASONAL USE
Chapter III Section 3.3.1
ECO-OASES - (MOST SUSTAINABLE COMPONENTS OF THE ECOLOG-
ECOLOG RESTRU
ICAL FRAMEWORK) ARE THE TERRITORIES WHERE ECOLOGICAL BALANCE IS ACHIEVED THROUGH RECONSTRUCTION, INCLUDING DEMOLITION OF DECREPIT HOUSING, PRESERVATION OF STRUCTURES WITH FILLING OPEN SPACES WITH NATURAL COMPONENTS, COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND FLAT STRUCTURES USED ALL YEAR ROUND.
SOCIAL ADAPTA ENVIRONMENT-FORMING ECO-OASES • COMPACT PLAN FORM • THE PRESENCE OF NATURAL ECOSYSTEM AREA: MINIMUM - 20 HA
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING ECO-OASES • COMPACT PLAN FORM • THE WIDTH AND AREA PARAMETERS ARE DETERMINED DEPENDING ON THE DOMINANT DISCOMFORT FACTOR
CUMUL RECOUP
ENVIRONMENT-FORMING FUNCTION BUFFER SPACE ZONE WITH COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT BUFFER SPACE
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING FUNCTION ZONES OF VEHICLES NEGATIVE IMPACT ECO-OASIS AREA RADI- ZONE WITH A COMFORTABLE AREA, HA US, M GAS VISUAL IMPACT ENVIRONMENT, M NOISE CONTAMINATION
and more
800 and more
ECOOAS STRUCT
GICAL UCTURING
L ATION
LATIVE PMENT
SIS TURE
DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS ECO-OASES FUNCTIONAL OPTIMIZATION ECO-OASIS STRUCTURE
BUFFER SPACE ECO-OASIS NODE LANDSCAPE-RECREATIONAL ZONE
ACCESS / SERVICE ZONE THEMATIC OPEN SPACES ZONE ZONE OF NATURAL-RECREATIONAL FRAMEWORK ZONE OF RECREATIONAL SERVICE FUNCTION WITH POSSIBILITY OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION ZONE OF TEMPORARY RECREATIONAL SERVICE OBJECTS INCLUSION ZONE OF USE “ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF NATURAL COMPLEX” - SOFT MOBILITY FRAMEWORK ZONE OF RESTRICTED / VISUAL ACCESS
ACCESS / SERVICE ZONE THEMATIC OPEN SPACES ZONE ECO-OASIS NODE LANDSCAPE-RECREATIONAL ZONE
Chapter III Section 3.3.1 NATURAL FRAMEWORK CREATION IN THE STRUCTURE OF A POSTINDUSTRIAL SPACE TECHNIQUE
TECHNIQUE OF A GREEN-RECREATION FRAMEWORK CONSTRUCTION IN THE STRUCTURE OF TERRITORIES WI
TECHNIQUE OF NATURAL AND RECREATIONAL FRAMEWORK FORMATION IN THE STRUCTURE OF PRESERVED
ECO-OASIS NODE LANDSCAPE-RECREATIONAL ZONE
THEMATIC OPEN SPACES ACCESS / SERVICE ZONE
DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS ECO-OASES FUNCTIONAL OPTIMIZATION ECO-OASES FORMING TECHNIQUES THE NATURAL FRAMEWORK CONSTRUCTION BY INCORPORATING THE COMPONENTS OF THE SECOND NATURE CONTRIBUTES TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND THE FORMATION OF A SPATIAL PLANNING FRAMEWORK. PRESERVATION OF COMPONENTS REFLECTING THE HISTORY OF PREVIOUS USE IN COMBINATION WITH LANDSCAPE DESIGN TECHNIQUES APPLICATION CONTRIBUTES TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OF FIGURATIVE EXPRESSIVENESS OF SPACE. CREATION OF INTERCULTURAL SPACE IN THE SAVED ARCHITECTURE OBJECTS
ITH A COMPLEX FLOOD REGIME NATURAL FLOODING PROCESSES PRESERVATION CONTRIBUTES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATURAL HABITATS,
ALLOWS THE USE OF THE REGIONAL COMPONENT IN THE FORMATION OF AN IDENTICAL RECREATIONAL SPACE.
NATURAL TERRITORIES
S ZONE E
TERRITORY ZONIFICATION ACCORDING TO THE DEGREE OF ANTHROPOGENIC LOADS ALLOWS TO CREATE A STABLE NATURAL-ANTHROPOGENIC FRAMEWORK. FUNCTIONAL INTEGRATION OF THE FOREST PARK ALLOWS TO MAINTAIN THE NATURAL COMPONENTS PRIORITY AND CREATE A SERVICE ZONE WITH PARKING FOR ALL-SEASON USE OF THE PARK.
219
INCREASES THE ABILITY OF THE LANDSCAPE TO SELF-REGULATION,
Chapter III
F
Section 3.3.2
ECOLOG RESTRU
ECO-CORRIDORS- ARE URBAN AREAS LOCATED IN EXISTING
COMMUNICATION SPACES, AS WELL AS LINEAR ELEMENTS OF NATURAL FRAMEWORK, WHERE IT IS PROPOSED TO ALLOCATE PROPER PEDESTRIAN INFRASTRUCTURE, CYCLING ROUTES WITH DEVELOPED SYSTEM OF GREEN SPACES OF LINEAR CHARACTER.
SOCIAL ADAPTA ENVIRONMENT-FORMING ECO-CORRIDOR
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING ECO-CORRIDOR
ENVIRONMENT-FORMING FUNCTION ECO-CORRIDOR TYPE ECO-CORRIDOR BASE BAND ECO-CORRIDOR PERIPHERAL BAND
ECO-CORRIDOR WITH SMALL WATERCOURSE
FROM THE AXIS
CUMUL RECOUP
ECO-CORRIDOR IN A HOLLOW SPACE ECO-CORRIDOR IN A FORESHORE ZONE
ENVIRONMENT-STABILIZING FUNCTION MICROCLIMATIC EFFICIENCY OF ECO-CORRIDORS ECO-CORRIDOR TYPE ECO-CORRIDOR WITH TRANSPORT SPACE TRANSPORT FREE ECO-CORRIDOR ECO-CORRIDOR IN FORESHORE ZONE - SOLAR RADIATION TRANSMITTANCE COEFFICIENT - AIR TEMPERATURE REDUCTION - AIR HUMIDITY INCREASE - WIND SPEED REDUCTION
ECOCOR STRUCT
DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
FUNCTIONAL OPTIMIZATION OF ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK COMMUNICATION ELEMENTS
GICAL UCTURING
L ATION
LATIVE PMENT
RRIDOR TURE
ECO-CORRIDORS STRUCTURE
BUFFER SPACE ECO-CORRIDOR BASE BAND ECO-CORRIDOR PERIPHERAL BAND
ANTHROPOGENIC ZONE ZONE OF NATURAL-RECREATIONAL FRAMEWORK OPEN SPACES ZONE
ZONE OF RECREATIONAL SERVICE FUNCTION WITH POSSIBILITY OF BUILDING/ TRANSPORT LANE CONSTRUCTION ZONE OF RESTRICTED / VISUAL ACCESS ZONE OF USE “ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF NATURAL COMPLEX” - SOFT MOBILITY FRAMEWORK ZONE OF TEMPORARY RECREATIONAL SERVICE OBJECTS INCLUSION
BUFFER SPACE ECO-CORRIDOR BASE BAND ECO-CORRIDOR PERIPHERAL BAND LANDSCAPE-RECREATIONAL ZONE
Chapter III Section 3.3.2
TECHNIQUE OF ECO-CORRIDORS INTEGRATION INTO THE STRUCTURE OF SEMI-PUBLIC SPACE
BASE BAND,M
PERIPHERAL BAND,M
BASE BAND,M
PERIPHERAL BAND,M
TECHNIQUE OF ECO-CORRIDORS INTEGRATION INTO THE STRUCTURE OF PUBLIC SPACE
DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS FUNCTIONAL OPTIMIZATION OF ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK COMMUNICATION ELEMENTS ECO-CORRIDORS FORMING TECHNIQUES
EFFECTIVE TRANSPORT SPACES SCREENING CARRIED OUT BY MEANS OF STRUCTURAL DELIMITATION WITH THE ARRANGEMENT OF BUFFER BANDS ALONG THE ROUTE
DIFFERENTIATION BY ZONES FOR VARIOUS SOCIAL (AGE) GROUPS ALLOWS EFFECTIVELY SCREENING NATURAL COMPONENTS FROM ACTIVE EXPOSURE WHILE AT THE SAME TIME ALLOWS REST, WALKING AND TRANSIT TRAFFIC ALONG THE WATER FLOW
SERVICE ZONE,M
TOTAL CORRIDOR SIZE,M
222
THE NATURAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE BORDERS DO NOT MATCH THEREFORE THE SPATIAL CONNECTION OF COLLECTIVE SPACES, ASSIGNED GREEN AREAS OF PRIVATE OR RESTRICTED USE AND PUBLIC SPACES WILL ALLOW GREEN AREAS CONTINUITY FOR EFFECTIVE ECO-CORRIDORS CREATION
FORMATION OF FUNCTIONALLY FILLED COMMUNICATION SPACE
SERVICE ZONE,M
TOTAL CORRIDOR SIZE,M
221 DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
Chapter III Section 3.3.2
FUNCTIONAL OPTIMIZATION OF ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK COMMUNICATION ELEMENTS ECO-CORRIDORS FORMING TECHNIQUES VERTICAL STRATIFICATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF PEDESTRIAN COMMUNICATION SPACES TECHNIQUE EFFECTIVE SCREENING OF CYCLING AND PEDESTRIAN TRANSIT SPACES
VARIABLE, PULSE WIDTH APPLICATION FOR THE LINEAR SPACES TO AVOID OVER ORDERED PATTERN E
ON
EZ
OR
H ES
R
FO BASE BAND,M
PERIPHERAL BAND,M
SERVICE ZONE,M
TOTAL CORRIDOR SIZE,M
NATURAL BIOTOPES PRESERVING TECHNIQUE
THE NECESSARY COMMUNICATION FRAMEWORK CREATION ALONG WITH PRESERVING FLOODED AREAS ECOSYSTEMS WITHOUT AFFECTING EXISTING BIOMASS AND ESTABLISHED PROCESSES OF NATURAL COMPONENTS INTERACTION
E
ON
EZ
OR
H ES
ARTIFICIAL, NATURAL-LIKE RESERVOIRS CREATION DUE TO SURFACE WATERS REDISTRIBUTION
R
FO
BASE BAND,M
PERIPHERAL BAND,M
SERVICE ZONE,M
TOTAL CORRIDOR SIZE,M
NATURAL AND RECREATIONAL FRAMEWORK CREATION TECHNIQUE
THE NECESSARY COMMUNICATION FRAMEWORK CREATION PRESERVING SLOPE AREAS ECOSYSTEMS WITHOUT AFFECTING EXISTING BIOMASS AND ESTABLISHED PROCESSES OF NATURAL COMPONENTS INTERACTION
S
RE
FO BASE BAND,M
PERIPHERAL BAND,M
E
ON
EZ
R HO
SERVICE ZONE,M
TOTAL CORRIDOR SIZE,M
223
DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS . ( . .. ) . 3.3 ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK COMPONENTS FORMING TECHNIQUES (Section . .. ) . . ( . .. ) MICROCLIMATIC EFFICIENCY OF ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK COMPONENTS ( . .. ) DEPENDING ON THE SPATIAL PARAMETERS AND GARDENING TECHNIQUE (BASING OF THE DATA OF N. KRASNOSHCHEKOVA AND A. GORODKOV) ,% ECO-OASES MICROCLIMATIC EFFICIENCY DEPENDING ON SIZE ,% , - - % ,% , ZONE WITH A ZONES OF VEHICLES NEGATIVE IMPACT % ECO-OASIS ECO-OASIS ,% 3 100 9 91 83 33 COMFORTABLE , AREA,7 HA AREA RADIUS % 150 29 71 64 24 3 100 9 91 83 33 ENVIRONMENT , NOISE GAS CONTAMINATION VISUAL IMPACT % 929 8364 250 50 60 44 15 7 150 320 100 9171 3324 50 400 68 32 28 10 20 250 50 60 44 3 100 9 91 83 3315 7 150 29 71 64 24 113 600 78 22 19 6 50 400 68 32 28 7 150 29 71 64 2410 20 250 50 60 44 15 150 800 113 600 78 22 19 20 250 50 6015 4410 15650 400 68 32 28 10 85-90 150 800 50 400 68 3215 2810 10 113 600 78 22 19 685-90 78 22 19 6 150113 800600 85-90 15 10 150 800 85-90 15 10 150 AND MORE 800 AND MORE . . ECO-CORRIDORS MICROCLIMATIC EFFICIENCY DEPENDING ON GARDENNG TECHNIQUE TYPE K% V% ∆t°C – AND FUNCTIONAL ∆r% - K% ∆t°C V% – ∆r% - -. 4,5-22 0,3-1,0 0-5 5-15 K% V% ∆t°C – ∆r% -. ECO-CORRIDOR TYPE 4,5-22 0,3-1,0 0-5 5-15 K% V% ∆t°C – ∆r% 4-10 1,2-1,7 5-7 50-70 4,5-22 0,3-1,0 0-5 5-15 TRANSPORT SPACE WITH SINGLE-ROW TREE PLANTING 4-10 1,2-1,7 5-7 50-70 4,5-22 0,3-1,0 0-5 5-15 4-10 1,2-2,0 5-8 60-70 TRANSPORT SPACE WITH A TWO-LANE TREE PLANTING 4-10 1,2-1,7 5-7 50-70 4-10 1,2-2,0 5-8 60-70 4-10 1,2-1,7 5-7 50-70 2-10 1,5-3,5 20-10 85-95 TRANSPORT WITH MULTI-ROW TREE PLANTING 4-10 1,2-2,0 5-8 60-70 SPACE 2-10 1,5-3,5 20-10 85-95 4-10 1,2-2,0 5-8 60-70 NON-TRANSPORT SPACE ON THE ECO-OASIS BORDER 2-10 1,5-3,5 20-10 85-95 4-10 1,6-1,8 8-10 25-70 2-10 1,5-3,5 20-10 85-95 (70% ) 4-10 1,6-1,8 8-10 25-70 LONGITUDINAL ECO-CORRIDOR IN THE COASTAL ZONE (70% ) 4-10 1,6-1,8 8-10 25-70 5-20 0,5-1 2-3 5-30 (70% GREENERY) (40% ) (70% ) 4-10 1,6-1,8 8-10 25-70 5-20 0,5-1 2-3 5-30 (40% ) (70% ) LONGITUDINAL ECO-CORRIDOR IN THE COASTAL ZONE 100 0,4-0,6 3-53,, 0 5-20 0,5-1 2-3 5-30 (20%) ) (40% (40% GREENERY) 100 0,4-0,6 3-53,, 0 5-20 0,5-1 2-3 5-30 (20% ) K% (40% ) LONGITUDINAL ECO-CORRIDOR IN THE COASTAL ZONE 100 0,4-0,6 3-53,, 0 1,5 (20% ) (20% K% -–GREENERY) ∆t°C 100 0,4-0,6 3-53,, 0 (20% ) ∆t°C ∆r% -–SOLAR K% - RADIATION TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT V% ∆r% K% AIR TEMPERATURE REDUCTION COEFFICIENT ∆t°C -– V%-– ∆t°C AIR HUMIDITY INCREASE COEFFICIENT ∆r% V% -- WIND SPEED REDUCTION COEFFICIENT ∆r% V% THE BUFFER SCREENING AREAS MINIMUM WIDTH FOR REDUCING OF THE VARIOUS DISCOMFORT FACTORS , , DOMINANT FACTOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL DISCOMFORT MINIMUM WIDTH, M 20-25 , 100-200 DUST POLLUTION 20-25 , 100-150 100-200 ATMOSPHERE GAS POLLUTION 20-25 - 20-25 150-200 100-150 NOISE POLLUTION 100-200 COMBINED EFFECT OF GAS AND NOISE FACTOR 150-200 100-200 100-150 20-25 WIND CONDITIONS OPTIMIZATION 100-150 150-200 20-25 150-200 20-25 20-25
Chapter III
213
Chapter III
DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF RIVERSIDE AREAS ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION IN THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF KHABAROVSK
IMPLEMENTATION Chapter III
THESIS PROVISIONS IMPLEMEN and D
DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF (“Russian State AREAS Research ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE
DEVELOPM
Section 3.2.3
DEVELOPMENT SCENARIO FOR RIVERSIDE AREAS IN CONDITIONS OF HIGH RECREATIONAL LOADS
ECO-OASIS
V
S
ARTIFICIAL, RENATURALISED (RE-PROFILING OF TERRITORIES) NATURAL-BASED (ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION) ECO-CORRIDORS TRANSVERSE TRANSPORT AND NON-TRANSPORT
S
LONGITUDINAL NON-TRANSPORT BUFFER AREAS PERIPHERAL-PERIMETER SPACES ANTHROPOGENIC AND TECHNOGENIC ZONE TRANSPORT AREAS BUILDABLE AREA
S
GREEN CORRIDORS FORMATIO RUPTION BY TRANSPORT ROU
THE SLOPES FRAGMENTS PRO
FLOODPLAIN AREAS USE FOR PLANTS RESISTANT TO CHANG
CREATING DEPRESSIONS AND
NTATION IN THE PLANNING PLAN OF THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF KHABAROVSK Design Institute of Urbanistica, State Committee for Construction, St. Petersburg)
MENT SCENARIO FOR RIVERSIDE AREAS IN CONDITIONS OF HIGH RECREATIONAL LOADS
CITY CENTRAL PART RIVERSIDE AREAS ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION MODEL
S
S
F
S
OFILING WITH THE TERRACE SYSTEM CREATION
RECREATION PURPOSES WITH APPLICATION OF GES IN WATER LEVEL
D MOUNDS USING NATURAL TERRAIN FEATURES
V
S
ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK COMPONENTS
F
ENVIRONMENT-FORMING COMPONENTS
S
ENVIRONMENT STABILIZING COMPONENTS
V
VULNERABLE COMPONENTS
214
ON TOWARDS THE RIVER WHILE AVOIDING INTERUTES
S
ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK COMPONENTS ECO-OASIS BUFFER SPACE ECO-CORRIDORS GREEN AREAS OF LIMITED USE KINDERGARTEN AND SCHOOL GREEN AREAS PRIVATE AND SEMI-PRIVATE GREEN AREAS RESIDENTIAL ZONE GREEN AREAS
IMPLEMENTATION Section 3.2.3
THESIS PROVISIONS IMPLEMEN (“Russian State Research and D
DEVELOPM
DEVELOPMENT SCENARIO FOR RIVERSIDE AREAS IN CONDITIONS OF HIGH RECREATIONAL LOADS
RECREATIONAL OBJECTS CLOSED TYPE ALL-SEASON USE IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT NODES CLOSED TYPE ALL-SEASON USE OPEN TYPE ALL-SEASON USE OPEN TYPE SEASONAL USE PEDESTRIAN FLOWS DIRECTIONAL MOVEMENT CITY-RIVER TRANSIT TRAFFIC ALONG THE RIVER RECREATIONAL MOVEMENT ANTHROPOGENIC AND TECHNOGENIC ZONE TRANSPORT AREAS
SCREENING OF RECR SIT ZONES DUE TO S
ARRANGEMENT OF Y SIDE SLOPE UPPER TO PUBLIC TRANSPO
BUILDABLE AREA VEHICLE STORAGE AREAS
MITIGATING CLIMATI ATIONAL AREAS OF
NTATION IN THE PLANNING PLAN OF THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF KHABAROVSK Design Institute of Urbanistica, State Committee for Construction, St. Petersburg)
MENT SCENARIO FOR RIVERSIDE AREAS IN CONDITIONS OF HIGH RECREATIONAL LOADS
CITY CENTRAL PART RIVERSIDE AREAS ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION MODEL
YEAR-ROUND USE RECREATIONAL CENTERS ON THE RIVERTERRACE IN ACCLIMATIZED BUILDINGS WITH EASY ACCESS ORT AND PARKING
IC DISCOMFORT ELEMENTS INTRODUCING IN THE RECRETHE EMBANKMENT AND VIEWING PLATFORMS
215
REATIONAL AREAS FOR DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS AND TRANSEPARATING LAWNS, RELIEF DIFFERENCES
EXTREME SPORTS TRACKS ARRANGEMENT ON THE TERRITORIES UNSUITABLE FOR CONSTRUCTION CREATION OF CANOPIES AND COVERED PAVILIONS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST PRECIPITATION THE ALLOCATION OF ZONES WITH SEASONALLY TRANSFORMING FUNCTIONS ALONG THE AXIS OF THE ECO-CORRIDOR TERRITORIES AND OBJECTS OF RECREATIONAL USE, DEPENDING ON RESISTANCE TO WEATHER CONDITIONS ALL-SEASONAL USE OBJECTS ZONES WITH SEASONALLY-TRANSFORMABLE FUNCTIONS ZONES ARE WEAKLY RESISTANT TO WEATHER CONDITIONS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION GARDENING
IMPLEMENTATION
THESIS PROVISIONS IMPLEMEN (“Russian State Research and D
DEVELOPM
Section 3.2.3
DEVELOPMENT SCENARIO FOR RIVERSIDE AREAS IN CONDITIONS OF HIGH RECREATIONAL LOADS
T
S
S
C INVEST-ATTRACTIVE OBJECTS NEW REAL ESTATE TRANSFORMABLE LEASED AREAS
OBJECTS
ON
THE
MAIN PEDESTRIAN AXIS RETAIL AND SERVICES DEVELOPMENT ALONG THE PEDESTRIAN COMMUNICATION ROUTS COMMERCIAL FACILITIES DEVELOPMENT ALONG THE TRANSPORT HIGHWAYS ANTHROPOGENIC AND TECHNOGENIC ZONE TRANSPORT AREAS BUILDABLE AREA
C S
ARRANGEMENT OF TERRITORIES GROUNDS USED ON A COMMERC
FORMATION ON RIVERSIDE AREA WORK MAINTAINED BY ADJACEN
PEDESTRIAN PROMENADES DEVE ON THE PRINCIPLE OF SAW-BOUG
DESIGNATED PROMENADE ZONE MENT ACTIVITIES SEPARATE FRO
COMMERCIAL AMENITIES INTROD
ARRANGEMENT OF EXHIBITION S COMMERCIAL BASIS
LOCATION OF THE BEACHES WITH
NTATION IN THE PLANNING PLAN OF THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF KHABAROVSK Design Institute of Urbanistica, State Committee for Construction, St. Petersburg)
MENT SCENARIO FOR RIVERSIDE AREAS IN CONDITIONS OF HIGH RECREATIONAL LOADS
CITY CENTRAL PART RIVERSIDE AREAS ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION MODEL
C
S
S
S
AS OF A EVERYDAY USE CULTURAL AND RECREATIONAL FRAMENT RESIDENTIAL GROUP
ELOPMENT IN A STRUCTURE OF GREEN CORRIDORS WITH RETAIL GHT IN THE ZONE OF MUSEUM COMPLEXES
WITH THE OFFER OF VARIOUS RECREATIONAL AND ENTERTAINOM PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLE TRANSIT
DUCTION IN THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT NODES ZONE
SPACES IN THE PARK ZONE WITH POSSIBLE DEVELOPMENT ON A
H ARTIFICIAL WATER FEATURES ON A COMMERCIAL BASIS
SOCIAL EQUIPMENT AND AMENITIES COMMERCIAL RETAIL
216
S FOR SPORT AND HEALTH PURPOSES WITH VARIETY OF SPORT CIAL BASIS WITH SOCIALLY JUSTIFIED PRICES
S C R
GREEN AREAS, THE EXPLOITATION OF WHICH ALLOWS PARTIAL REGREEN AREAS, EXPLOITATIONNEEDED OF WHICH PARTLY RECOUPMENT OF THE INVESTMENT FORALLOWS ITS MAINTENANCE COUPMENT THE INVESTMENT NEEDS FOR ITS MAINTENANCE RESIDENTIAL GROUPS GREEN AREAS RESIDENTIAL GROUPS GREEN AREAS GREEN AREAS OF REGIONAL IMPORTANCE GREEN AREAS OF REGIONAL IMPORTANCE GREEN AREAS OF CITY IMPORTANCE GREEN AREAS OF CITY IMPORTANCE COMMERCIAL OBJECTS GREEN AREAS COMMERCIAL OBJECTS GREEN AREAS PUBLIC AMENITIES GREEN AREAS PUBLIC AMENITIES GREEN AREAS OBJECTS AND AREAS OF COMMERCIAL USE IN THE GREEN AREAS STRUCTURE COMMERCIAL USE OBJECTS AND AREAS IN THE GREEN AREAS STRUCTURE LIMITED USE GREEN AREAS,WHICH EXPLOITATION DOESN’T ALLOW FOR ECONOMICAL RECOUPMENT GREEN AREAS OF SCHOOL AND KINDERGARTEN SPECIAL PURPOSE GREEN AREAS WHICH EXPLOITATION DOESN’T ALLOW ECONOMICAL RECOUPMENT STREET GREENERY
Chapter III Section 3.4
ECO-URBAN O
PARTICIPANTS
POPULATION
MUNICIPALITY
GENERAL OBJECTIVE
LIFE QUALITY IMPROVING
CITY AND ALL ITS STRUCTURES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAMMING
INFORMATION MECHANISM
ORGANIZATIONAL ECONOMIC MECHANISM
ROLE
TARGET GROUPS
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT POLICY INITIATOR CORE FINANCING
ECOLOGICALLY AND SOCIALLY COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT ACHIEVEMENT IN THE STRUCTURE OF RIVERSIDE AREAS
PURPOSEFUL TRANSFORMATION OF RIVERSIDE AREAS IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE THE REQUIRED ENVIRONMENT QUALITY PARAMETERS, INCLUDING FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS CHANGING, LANDSCAPES REGENERATION AND COMFORTABLE SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ACHIEVEMENT.
SOCIAL ADAPTATION METHOD
ECOLOGICAL RESTRUCTURING METHOD
IMPROVEMENT LEVEL OF SOCIAL APROPRIATION, DIVERSITY AND COMFORT, OF RA WITH PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT IN THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESS
INCREASING SUSTAINABILITY OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND EXTENDING THIS INFLUENCE DEEP INTO THE CITY THROUGH SINGLE ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWOK DEVELOPMENT
EUO RA OBJECTIVES
DESIGN
RESULT
O
DIRECTIONS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-URBAN OPTIMIZATION OF KHABAROVSK RIVERSIDE AREAS
OPTIMIZATION AS A COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAM OF RIVERSIDE AREA TRANSFORMATION
INVESTOR
PROFIT-MAKING
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
GREATER FINANCING
CUMULATIVE RECOUPMENT METHOD
RISK SHARING IN DEVELOPMENT OF COMPLEX BUT WELL LOCATED AREAS, ACHIEVING A RETURN ON INVESTMENTS IN OPTIMIZATION OF THE CITY ENVIRONMENT
Urban planning policy should be aimed at harmonizing the interests of its different participants, supporting activities that provide measures to stabilize the ecological situation in riverside areas, as well as stimulating priority projects and programs.
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INVESTMENT RESOURCES OF RIVERSIDE AREAS IMPLEMENTATION
Riverside areas eco-urban optimization is a policy aimed at the rational use of riverside areas in a spatial aspect, the conduct of which contributes to the improvement of the quality and the standard of living of the population as a result of the formation of a comfortable environment in the city, the improvement of the ecological situation with an agreed change in all its structures.
Questionnaire
SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY IN KHABAROVSK (520 PEOPLE SURVEYED)
WHAT IS YOUR OPINION ABOUT THE TRANSFORMATION OF URBANN RIVERSIDE AREAS? WHAT IS YOUR OPINION ABOUT THE TRANSFORMATION OF URBAN RIVERSIDE AREAS?
QUESTIONNAIRE (mark the letters of your answers in a circle) 1. Please specify your age group? а – 12 – 17; d – 41 – 60; b – 18 – 25; e – above 61. c – 26 -40; 2. What's your education level: а – higher education; d – secondary; b - incomplete higher; e - lower secondary. c - specialized secondary; 3. What's your gender: а – female; b – male. 4. What is the district of your residence? а – Centralny; d – Kirovsky; b – Jeleznodorojny; e – Krasnoflotsky. c – Industrialny; 5. Please specify the name of the nearest public transport stop on the way to the place of your residence. _____________________ 6. What, is the approximate, the distance from the river you live? а – up to 500 m; c – up to 5 km; b – up to 1 km; d – more than 5 km. 7. How often do you spend your free time on the river bank? more than once a week once a week more than once a month once a month rarely never
summer
autumn
winter
spring
8. Would you like to have access to a landscaped recreation area by the river in your area of residence, or the central embankment is sufficient to you? а – in my district there is access to the riverside area, but its condition is unsatisfactory; b – in my district there is access to the riverside area and I use it for recreational purposes; c - in my area there is access to the riverside area and I use it for recreational purposes, despite the fact that it is not landscaped; d - I would like to have access to riverside area in my residential area; e – central embankment is sufficient; f – my area is too far from the river. 9. At what time of the year / day you are more likely to spend time by the river? (please select all possible options) а – winter; а – day; b – autumn; b – evening; c – spring; c – morning; d – summer d - night. 10. Which factor has the greatest effect on your choice of time at the river? а – the nature of leisure by the river; b – climatic comfort conditions; c – security of stay by the river. 11. Do you feel uncomfortable while relaxing by the river. What causes you this discomfort? (please select all possible options) а – absence of equipped descents to water area; b – lack of equipped pedestrian recreational zones near the river; c – lack of sport paths (cycling, running, skiing); d – overcrowded on weekends;
Questionnaire
SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY IN KHABAROVSK (520 PEOPLE SURVEYED)
WHAT IS YOUR OPINION ABOUT THE TRANSFORMATION OF URBANN RIVERSIDE AREAS?
e – low level of recreational services; f – climate discomfort (in the hot and cold season); g – length of routes to leisure facilities from housing and public transport stops; i – storage areas, waste dumps location in riverside areas. 12. Would you visit the landscaped parks on the embankment for sports and recreation if the entrance was paid? а – yes, in case of low price; b – yes, in case of conformity of the park to the consumers’ idea about comfortable rest; c – no. 9. What are the riverside areas equipment components most relevant to you? (please mark in each of the three columns all possible options) Riverside areas equipment components Playgrounds for team sports Open air concert hall Club, multimedia spaces Exhibition multimedia spaces Extreme sports areas Tracks for cycling, roller, running, etc. Parks for children of all ages Theme parks Beaches with artificial swimming pools Paths for pedestrian walks with recreation areas Observation platforms Cafes, bars, restaurans Picnic and eco-tourism sites
Currently used components
Components that could attract you in the future
Components you are willing to pay for
10. What activities could attract you to visit the riverside areas in the winter season? (please select all possible options) а - arrangement of open spaces for game winter sports (hockey and etc.); b - organization of extreme winter sports activities on the river (kiting, snowmobiling); c - organization of extreme winter sports activities on shore slopes (snowboard etc.); d - arrangement of ski trails; e - creation of indoor heated sports grounds; f - creation of covered heated places for rest and food; g - city events and celebrations; i - equipment of sites with windproof structures. 11. How do you get to recreational areas on the river bank from the house? а – on foot; c – by public transport; b – by bicicle; d – by private transport. 12. Does the city need a bicycle paths? а – yes, I consider it necessary; b – no, I do not ride a bicycle. 13. To what extent, in your opinion, the state of urban riverside areas in Khabarovsk meets the requirements of comfortable recreation? а - 0-30%; c - 50-80%; b - 30-50%; d - 80-100%. 14. In your opinion, how to involve citizens in the development of riverside areas? (please select all possible options) а - public discussion of projects; b - placing projects on websites; c - accommodation of information at public transport stops, in public places; d - introduction of a special rubric in the media - newspapers, television; e – I do not consider it necessary to involve citizens in the discussion. MANY THANKS FOR HELP IN ASSESSING! YOUR OPINION IS VERY IMPORTANT!
IMPLEMENTATION
CONCEPT OF THE RIVERSIDE AREA REGENERATION IN THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF THE KHABAROVSK CITY
THESIS PROVISIONS IMPLEMENTATION IN THE PLANNING PLAN OF THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF KHABAROVSK (“Russian State Research and Design Institute of Urbanistica, State Committee for Construction, St. Petersburg)
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IMPLEMENTATION
CONCEPT OF THE RIVERSIDE AREA REGENERATION IN THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF THE KHABAROVSK CITY
CONCEPT OF THE RIVERSIDE AREA REGENERATION IN THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF THE KHABAROVSK CITY
THESIS PROVISIONS IMPLEMENTATION IN THE PLANNING PLAN OF THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF KHABAROVSK (“Russian State Research and Design Institute of Urbanistica, State Committee for Construction, St. Petersburg)
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IMPLEMENTATION
THESIS PROVISIONS IMPLEMENTATION IN THE PLANNING PLAN OF THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF KHABAROVSK OF and THE Design RIVERSIDE AREA REGENERATION THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF THE KHABAROVSK CITY (“Russian StateCONCEPT Research Institute of Urbanistica,INState Committee for Construction, St. Petersburg)
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IMPLEMENTATION
CONCEPT OF THE RIVERSIDE AREA REGENERATION IN THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF THE KHABAROVSK CITY
THESIS PROVISIONS IMPLEMENTATION IN THE PLANNING PLAN OF THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF KHABAROVSK (“Russian State Research and Design Institute of Urbanistica, State Committee for Construction, St. Petersburg)
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