The 1st Presentation for CW2
group 2 / team Ecology
group 2 / team Ecology
Dependence and symbiosis
group 2 / team Ecology
Solids pollution
Community collection (employment problem solving)
Water pollution
Build floating island for birds
Inland
：Purifaction Threated Pollution for Mangrove:
Sea
Solids pollution (by Ocean currents)
UPD 306 - April 29 Sector1: Water Pollution
Problems & Case study
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29 Sector1: Water Pollution
Proposals
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29 Sector 2: Aquaculture
The advantages of mangrove aquaculture
——Able to use wastewater while avoiding additional energy input to the breeding area
Weidong Xia 1825068 Group2 team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29 Sector 3: The protective role of mangroves
Tree species selection
Xiao Yang / 1823699 / group 2 / team Ecology
Multidensity planting
UPD 306 - April 29 PART 1: Status quo described Mangrove distribution
group 2 / team Ecology
group 2 / team Ecology
Coral reef restoration: 1. Traditional coral reef restoration techniques: Selecting suitable coral reef species, planting and transplanting reefs 2. Modern Technology Restoration technology :3D printing coral reefs
group 2 / team Ecology
group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29 Sector 4: Carbon sequestration
Chenghao Zheng / 1509115 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector 4: Carbon sequestration
Application of carbon sequestration capacity of mangroves in Bali
Chenghao Zheng / 1509115 / group 2 / team Ecology
Source: Zhou,K.(2008).Research on Environmental Law. Zhou,W. Zeng,Y. and Wu,B (2013).Analysis and Enlightenment of international forestry carbon sequestration trading market. .
group 2 / team Ecology
group 2 / team Ecology
The 2nd Presentation for CW2
Wenqin Meng 1824555
Design Origin
l In the Anthropocene, human-induced environmental change effects diverse lives across every species. l Our destinies are entwined through ecosystems with a myriad of interdependent networks. 一张图背景，一张图介绍不同尺度的能源， 切入rules 和潜在的区域选址，针对对比最后觉得哪个 选址是更合适的。 点位确定后，需求量的mapping, 提案
Design Origin
l Water purification to improve water quality l Biodiversity Design Strategies l Decontamination based on natural mangrove systems and topography l Decontamination based on an open pond - to improve pro-nature (natural habitat for birds etc.) l Multi-ecological nodes intervene together
Pollution division Solids pollution Inland Water pollution ：Purifaction Threated Pollution for Mangrove:
Sea
Solids pollution (by Ocean currents)
Community collection (employment problem solving) Build floating island for birds
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector1: Water Pollution
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector1: Water Pollution
Problems & Case study
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector1: Water Purifaction
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector1: Nature-based Water Purfication approach
Proposals
The 3rd Presentation for CW2
Wenqin Meng 1824555
Design Origin
l In the Anthropocene, human-induced environmental change effects diverse lives across every species. l Our destinies are entwined through ecosystems with a myriad of interdependent networks. Design Origin l Water purification to improve water quality l Biodiversity Design Strategies l Decontamination based on natural mangrove systems and topography l Decontamination based on an open pond - to improve pro-nature (natural habitat for birds etc.) l Multi-ecological nodes intervene together
Tech Aims The design is based on the principle of "zero" discharge of pollutants, and the recycling of water resources is realized from three aspects: ①pollution control of rainwater runoff, ②purification of external water sources ③utilization of sewage treatment. Projet Inlet water Index （mg/L）
quality
BOD5
COD
NH3-N
TN
TP
<100
<400
<50
<100
<5
10
50
5（8）
15
0.5
Water quality of discharge
l l
Significant improvement in the overall water system sensory indicators, with a significant increase in transparency to 50-80cm. Main chemical indicators of the wetland effluent are maintained at Class III level in the near future, reaching Class II level in some periods.
l
In the long term, it will be maintained at II~III level and meet the corresponding standards for drinking water sources.
l
The control rate of the main indicators of surface source pollution load in the project area is 60-80%.
l
Wastewater treatment water quality reaches Class I A standard.
l
Build a water ecosystem with reasonable species composition, sound function and stable self-purification ability.
Pollution division Solids pollution Inland Water pollution ：Mangrove Purifaction (main sewage, and few industry & fishing pollution)
Threated Pollution for Mangrove:
Sea
Solids pollution (by Ocean currents)
Community collection (employment problem solving) Build floating island for birds
Pollution division
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector1: Water Pollution
Problems & Case study
What wastewater brings about for Bali?
poisonous
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector1: Water Purifaction
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector1: Nature-based Water Purfication approach
Principles
Large Scale Site Mapping
connect
treatment
Artificial plastic island
Final Treatment Index Count By analyzing the balance relationship of each water input and output term within the calculation range, the water balance method is used for calculation. The calculation formula is as follows.
PS. WZ - ecological environment water demand F - water surface area (km²) P - multi-year average precipitation (m³/km²) EZ - calculated area of water surface evaporation water demand ( m³/km² ) T - plant evapotranspiration water demand (m³) G - soil seepage water demand (m³) W0 - maintain a certain water surface area of water storage (m³)
Annual Evap Wate Water Rain Leak water Area orati r require purificat fall age （m2） on dept ment （m） （m） ion 3/a） （m） h（m） （m （m3/a） Watersh 9746 eld
1.24
0.79
0.8
2
350856
354267
Cha nge Coe ffici ent
High daily water demand Quantity （m3/d）
1.5
1456
From the above calculation, it can be seen that the existing water volume in the project area, i.e. 1500m3/d, can fully meet the water exchange demand of the whole water system 18 times a year, which is about 20 days for whole watersheld exchange.
The 4th Presentation for CW2
Wenqin Meng 1824555
Design Origin
In the Anthropocene, human-induced environmental change effects diverse lives across every species. Our destinies are entwined through ecosystems with a myriad of interdependent networks. 一张图背景，一张图介绍不同尺度的能源， 切入rules 和潜在的区域选址，针对对比最后觉得哪个 选址是更合适的。 点位确定后，需求量的mapping, 提案 Design Origin Water purification to improve water quality Biodiversity Design Strategies Decontamination based on natural mangrove systems and topography Decontamination based on an open pond - to improve pro-nature (natural habitat for birds etc.) Multi-ecological nodes intervene together
Tech Aims The design is based on the principle of "zero" discharge of pollutants, and the recycling of water resources is realized from three aspects: ①pollution control of rainwater runoff, ②purification of external water sources ③utilization of sewage treatment. Projet Inlet water Index （mg/L）
quality
BOD5
COD
NH3-N
TN
TP
<100
<400
<50
<100
<5
10
50
5（8）
15
0.5
Water quality of discharge
Significant improvement in the overall water system sensory indicators, with a significant increase in transparency to 50-80cm. Main chemical indicators of the wetland effluent are maintained at Class III level in the near future, reaching Class II level in some periods.
In the long term, it will be maintained at II~III level and meet the corresponding standards for drinking water sources.
The control rate of the main indicators of surface source pollution load in the project area is 60-80%.
Wastewater treatment water quality reaches Class I A standard.
Build a water ecosystem with reasonable species composition, sound function and stable self-purification ability.
Pollution division Solids pollution Inland
Community collection (employment problem solving)
Water pollution ：Mangrove Purifaction (main sewage, and few industry & fishing pollution)
Threated Pollution for Mangrove:
Sea
Solids pollution (by Ocean currents)
Build floating island for birds
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector1: Water Pollution
Problems & Case study
What wastewater brings about for Bali?
poisonous
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector1: Water Purifaction
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site Mapping
connect
treatment
Artificial plastic island
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector1: Nature-based Water Purfication approach
Proposals
Final Treatment Index Count By analyzing the balance relationship of each water input and output term within the calculation range, the water balance method is used for calculation. The calculation formula is as follows.
PS. WZ - ecological environment water demand F - water surface area (km²) P - multi-year average precipitation (m³/km²) EZ - calculated area of water surface evaporation water demand ( m³/km² ) T - plant evapotranspiration water demand (m³) G - soil seepage water demand (m³) W0 - maintain a certain water surface area of water storage (m³)
Annual Wate Evap Water Leak water Rain Area r orati require age purificat fall （m2） dept on ment （m） ion （m） （m） （m3/a） h（m） 3 （m /a） Watersh 9746 eld
1.24
0.79
0.8
2
350856
354267
High Cha daily nge water Coe demand ffici Quantity ent （m3/d） 1.5
1456
From the above calculation, it can be seen that the existing water volume in the project area, i.e. 1500m3/d, can fully meet the water exchange demand of the whole water system 18 times a year, which is about 20 days for whole watersheld exchange.
The 5th Presentation For CW2
Wenqin Meng 1824555
Design Origin
l In the Anthropocene, human-induced environmental change effects diverse lives across every species. l Our destinies are entwined through ecosystems with a myriad of interdependent networks. Design Origin l Water purification to improve water quality l Biodiversity Design Strategies l Decontamination based on natural mangrove systems and topography l Decontamination based on an open pond - to improve pro-nature (natural habitat for birds etc.) l Multi-ecological nodes intervene together
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector1: Water Purifaction
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
Proposal l Working Progress
Problem orientation - Contamination source identification - Modular design - Potential point identification Module adaption to potential point - Three zoning for small, medium and large scales l Problems Orientation
5 main Pollution Sources: (1) industrial wastewater discharged without treatment--heavy metal/Acid contamination, BOD contamination ect.--Pond 1 2+ sea mulberry/autumn eggplant/gunsten tree/white bond sopil tree (2) domestic wastewater discharged without treatment---Ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrite, organic pollutants, phosphorus and fouling organisms(HIGH COD)---Pond 2 3 4+sea mulberry/autumn eggplant/gunsten tree (3) agricultural wastewater resulting from the extensive use of fertilizers, pesticides and herbicide--Organic matter and pathogens--Pond1 3 4+sea mulberry/autumn eggplant/gunsten tree (4) industrial waste and domestic rubbish deposited at riversides---Soild treatment strategy
Tech Aims The design is based on the principle of "zero" discharge of pollutants, and the recycling of water resources is realized from three aspects: ①pollution control of rainwater runoff, ②purification of external water sources ③utilization of sewage treatment. Projet Inlet water Index （mg/L）
quality
BOD5
COD
NH3-N
TN
TP
<100
<400
<50
<100
<5
10
50
5（8）
15
0.5
Water quality of discharge
l l
Significant improvement in the overall water system sensory indicators, with a significant increase in transparency to 50-80cm. Main chemical indicators of the wetland effluent are maintained at Class III level in the near future, reaching Class II level in some periods.
l
In the long term, it will be maintained at II~III level and meet the corresponding standards for drinking water sources.
l
The control rate of the main indicators of surface source pollution load in the project area is 60-80%.
l
Wastewater treatment water quality reaches Class I A standard.
l
Build a water ecosystem with reasonable species composition, sound function and stable self-purification ability.
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector1: Nature-based Water Purfication approach
Large scale Principles
Potential Ecology Transformation sites
Mild Pollution--Small scale treatment Midium Pollution--Midium scale Treatment Heacy Pollution--Large Scale Treatment
Final Treatment Index Count By analyzing the balance relationship of each water input and output term within the calculation range, the water balance method is used for calculation. The calculation formula is as follows.
PS. WZ - ecological environment water demand F - water surface area (km²) P - multi-year average precipitation (m³/km²) EZ - calculated area of water surface evaporation water demand ( m³/km² ) T - plant evapotranspiration water demand (m³) G - soil seepage water demand (m³) W0 - maintain a certain water surface area of water storage (m³)
Annual Evap Wate Water Rain Leak water Area orati r require purificat fall age （m2） on dept ment （m） （m） ion 3/a） （m） h（m） （m （m3/a） Watersh 9746 eld
1.24
0.79
0.8
2
350856
354267
Cha nge Coe ffici ent
High daily water demand Quantity （m3/d）
1.5
1456
From the above calculation, it can be seen that the existing water volume in the project area, i.e. 1500m3/d, can fully meet the water exchange demand of the whole water system 18 times a year, which is about 20 days for whole watersheld exchange.
Midium Scale Site Mapping
connect
treatment
Artificial plastic island
Water cycle & purfication
Slow Rate Mangrove purfication
Mangrove roots Purficat ion
Finshing
The 6th Presentation for CW2
The First Presentation for CW2
group 2 / team Ecology
Wenqin Meng 1824555
Potential Ecology Transformation sites
Mild Pollution--Small scale treatment Midium Pollution--Midium scale Treatment Heacy Pollution--Large Scale Treatment
10 square metres of mangrove forest can purify 100 cubic metres of sewage
Sewage Industry Pollution
Domestic water
Farming& Fishing Pollution
Heavy Metal Produce pollution
Feeding Coral reefs
三大目标
Mangrove Aquculture
How does mangrove wastewater
system benefit related Eco-system?
Final Treatment Index Count By analyzing the balance relationship of each water input and output term within the calculation range, the water balance method is used for calculation. The calculation formula is as follows.
PS. WZ - ecological environment water demand F - water surface area (km²) P - multi-year average precipitation (m³/km²) EZ - calculated area of water surface evaporation water demand ( m³/km² ) T - plant evapotranspiration water demand (m³) G - soil seepage water demand (m³) W0 - maintain a certain water surface area of water storage (m³)
Annual Evap Wate Water Rain Leak water Area orati r require purificat fall age （m2） on dept ment （m） （m） ion 3/a） （m） h（m） （m （m3/a） Watersh 9746 eld
1.24
0.79
0.8
2
350856
354267
Cha nge Coe ffici ent
High daily water demand Quantity （m3/d）
1.5
1456
From the above calculation, it can be seen that the existing water volume in the project area, i.e. 1500m3/d, can fully meet the water exchange demand of the whole water system 18 times a year, which is about 20 days for whole watersheld exchange.
The 7th Presentation
Wenqin Meng 1824555
Pollution Impact Strategy: 1. Take Low impact development facilities, mangroves&wetland plants and ponds as the core for low cost and high effiency ecological wastewater treatment system. 2. Optimal system combination from comparing purification effiency, construction carbon emission and future maintain cost. 3. Creat a public space for birds habitat and people going.
Site Selection： Salt water erosion
Site Selection
Over 90% wastewater emission to sea directly. 10 square metres of mangrove forest can purify 100 cubic metres of wastewater
?
Sewage Industry Pollution
Domestic water
Farming& Fishing Pollution
Heavy Metal Produce pollution
Feeding Coral reefs
Other purification plants select Wetland plants:
Mangrove: Main Sea mulberry, autumn eggplant and white bone loam
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector1: Nature-based Water Purfication approach
Principles
Mangrove island
Final Treatment Index Count By analyzing the balance relationship of each water input and output term within the calculation range, the water balance method is used for calculation. The calculation formula is as follows.
PS. WZ - ecological environment water demand F - water surface area (km²) P - multi-year average precipitation (m³/km²) EZ - calculated area of water surface evaporation water demand ( m³/km² ) T - plant evapotranspiration water demand (m³) G - soil seepage water demand (m³) W0 - maintain a certain water surface area of water storage (m³)
Annual Evap Wate Water Rain Leak water Area orati r require purificat fall age （m2） on dept ment （m） （m） ion 3/a） （m） h（m） （m （m3/a） Watersh 9746 eld
1.24
0.79
0.8
2
350856
354267
Cha nge Coe ffici ent
High daily water demand Quantity （m3/d）
1.5
1456
From the above calculation, it can be seen that the existing water volume in the project area, i.e. 1500m3/d, can fully meet the water exchange demand of the whole water storage 8 times a year. And equal to build 9 big sewage purification stations. Ideally, increase 15% mangrove in future 20 years.
Nature-based Mangrove water purification Project CW2: Wenqin Meng (Ecology)
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - 24th May
Background& Site Selection
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - 24th May
Background& Site Selection
UPD 306 - 24th May
Background& Site Selection
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - 24th May
Background& Site Selection
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - 24th May
Background& Site Selection
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - 24th May
Background& Site Selection
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - 24th May
Proposal Mind Map
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - 24th May
Strategy 1: Mangrove + Wetland Plants Selection
Wetland plants:
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - 24th May
Strategy 1: Mangrove + Wetland Plants Selection
Wetland plants:
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - 24th May
Strategy 2: Typology & Area Proportion Selection
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - 24th May
Strategy 3: Connect Social Problems with purfication system (Plastic recycle & Economic ponds)
10 square metres of mangrove forest can purify 100 cubic metres of sewage
Sewage Domestic water Industry Pollution
Farming& Fishing Pollution
Heavy Metal Produce pollution
Feeding Coral reefs
UPD 306 - 24th May
Future Planning: For Bali 2045
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - 24th May
Future Planning: For Bali 2045
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
Practice in Bali: For Bali 2045
Future Vision:Small Scale-An Eco-friendly community purification park
Mangrove island
Future Vision: Large Scale-A connective wetland system
years.
The site's location near the national park and the port gives it a regional advantage in developing new farming models
Trading opportunities for mangrove fisheries
Mangroves bring more fishery resources
Processing and packaging of fish products provides more jobs and reduces dependence on tourism for local development
Near to ports offers lower transport costs and higher trading opportunities
红树林沿岸咸水养殖
生态净水处理水产养殖的废水
Ecological restoration of abandoned fish and shrimp ponds To Protection of mangrove wetlands
Weidong Xia 1825068
Mangrove ecological benefits
Weidong Xia 1825068
Mangrove contribution to fisheries production
Use of mangroves for ecological aquaculture farming, which reduces damage to mangroves and increases fisheries production
Producing one unit of fish has a lower carbon footprint than pork and beef.
The ecological benefits of using mangroves for aquaculture will reduce carbon emissions by 85%.
(water temperature control, nutrient input, power support)
Zhang et al. (2021) Serving carbon neutrality targets: a way for mariculture to practice 'ocean negative emissions' ’. Chinese Academy of Sciences [Online] 10 March. Available from: https://www.sohu.com/a/454466993_120052222
Weidong Xia 1825068
Thunderspace (2020) Mangroves may reverse carbon emission trends. [Online] Available from：https://www.lecano.com/ideas/202003/2020-03-27-23-19-440264523390536955184285064551901987686048.html
Draft plan
Three different landscapes Waterscape
Wetland Shrub Landscape
Mangrove Landscape
Traditional aquaculture is damaging to mangrove ecosystems and has a large carbon emission.
Mangrove aquaculture has improved economic and ecological benefits compared to traditional models
The contribution of mangrove aquaculture
Annual fish consumption per person in Bali: 2.5Kg Annual fishery consumption in Bali:7,560,000Kg Planned annual fish production from mangrove aquaculture:9,158,100Kg Planned annual Seaweed production from mangrove aquaculture:4,300,000Kg
Tree species selection
Site Selection - Port Trade Location Consideration
More aquaculture areas in areas with more trading ports will provide more resources for trade.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site Selection - Mangrove distribution Consideration
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site Selection - Roads and populationc Consideration
A larger population also means more fish consumption, while good transport also deserves careful consideration.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site Selection - Major fishery markets Consideration
The main target for the delivery of mangrove aquaculture products to the aquaculture market and therefore the choice of location for mangrove aquaculture also needs to take into consideration the distribution of the aquaculture market.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Food consumption of fisheries production
Each aquaculture area will produce enough fishery production to meet the needs of the people around it.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Trade exports of fishery production
In areas close to the port, the production from the aquaculture areas will be also available for export trade.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Trade exports of fishery production Some species of seaweed have a huge bioenergy potential and therefore could also provide energy for Bali.
*Among seaweeds, Ulva lactuca L is better positioned to become a new source of energy capable of mass production
There are two main types of seaweed grown, for food&trade purposes and for energy purposes. Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Energy infrastructure and transportation
In conjunction with Bali's energy infrastructure and transportation, more energy seaweed species will be grown in the aquaculture areas around the infrastructure.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site of Energy seaweed species
Energy seaweed species
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
The contribution of mangroves to fisheries
Species selection
Two methods of seaweed growing
Seaweed floating raft racks
Small-leaved seaweed
Seaweed breeding racks
Seaweed with large leaves
Mangrove aquaculture model
Mangrove aquaculture model
Problems of Traditional aquaculture
Traditional aquaculture is damaging to mangrove ecosystems and has a large carbon emission.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Source：Minhong Qiu. (2014) 红树林水产养殖与生态恢复对其环境的影响研究 A study on the impact of mangrove aquaculture and ecological restoration on its environment, Hainan Normal Univesity (own translation from the Chinese text)
Mangrove aquaculture has improved economic and ecological benefits compared to traditional models
Mangrove aquaculture not only brings a 50% increase in production, but also reduces carbon emissions by about 85%
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Source：John Hambrey (1998) ‘Mangrove Conservation and Coastal Management in Southeast Asia: What Impact on Fishery Resources’. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 37(8), pp.431-440
The contribution of mangrove aquaculture
Annual fish consumption per person in Bali: 2.5Kg Annual fishery consumption in Bali:7,560,000Kg Planned annual fish production from mangrove aquaculture:9,158,100Kg Planned annual Seaweed production from mangrove aquaculture:4,300,000Kg It is planned that the output from mangrove aquaculture will be enough to meet the demand of the Balinese population for fish and meat, with the opportunity for additional foreign trade.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Source: 2019-2020 PRODUKSI PERIKANAN TANGKAP: Capture Fisheries Production Accessed at: https://cilacapkab.bps.go.id/subject/56/perikanan.html#subjekViewTab3
Site Selection - Port Trade Location Consideration
More aquaculture areas in areas with more trading ports will provide more resources for trade.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site Selection - Mangrove distribution Consideration
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site Selection - Roads and populationc Consideration
A larger population also means more fish consumption, while good transport also deserves careful consideration.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site Selection - Major fishery markets Consideration
The main target for the delivery of mangrove aquaculture products to the aquaculture market and therefore the choice of location for mangrove aquaculture also needs to take into consideration the distribution of the aquaculture market.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Food consumption of fisheries production
Each aquaculture area will produce enough fishery production to meet the needs of the people around it.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Trade exports of fishery production
In areas close to the port, the production from the aquaculture areas will be also available for export trade.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Trade exports of fishery production Some species of seaweed have a huge bioenergy potential and therefore could also provide energy for Bali.
*Among seaweeds, Ulva lactuca L is better positioned to become a new source of energy capable of mass production
There are two main types of seaweed grown, for food&trade purposes and for energy purposes. Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Energy infrastructure and transportation
In conjunction with Bali's energy infrastructure and transportation, more energy seaweed species will be grown in the aquaculture areas around the infrastructure.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site of Energy seaweed species
Energy seaweed species
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Tree species selection
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
The contribution of mangroves to fisheries
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Source：John Hambrey (1998) ‘Mangrove Conservation and Coastal Management in Southeast Asia: What Impact on Fishery Resources’. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 37(8), pp.431-440
Species selection ：Selecting species that are native to and dominant in Bali
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Source：Production an Nilai Produksi Budidaya perikanan Air Tawar Menurut Jenis Produksi dan Jenis Peraian, 2020 The Production and Production Value of Fresh Water Fishery by Type Production and Type of Water, 2020
Two methods of seaweed growing Seaweed floating raft racks Small-leaved seaweed
Seaweed breeding racks Seaweed with large leaves
Fixing brackets
Breeding layer
Fan Leaf Installations not only farm seaweed, but also promote carbon sequestration by seaweed
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
As the water flows through the fan leaves, the rotation of the fan leaves carries the water from the underside to the upper layers and nutrients are transported with it
Mangrove aquaculture model
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Calculations Supply and demand guarantee Annual fishery consumption in Bali:7,560,000Kg Planned annual fish production from mangrove aquaculture:9,158,100Kg Planned annual Seaweed production from mangrove aquaculture:4,300,000Kg
Carbon emissions and energy supply Electricity consumption and carbon emissions of traditional farming methods
Mangrove aquaculture not only brings a 50% increase in production, but also reduces carbon emissions by about 85% 17,583,552kg less CO2 emissions per year from mangrove farming than from conventional farming. Sea burial culture can fix 4,730,000kg of CO2 per year.
Future view: Seaweed Forest
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Future view: Seaweed Forest
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Future view: Seaweed Forest
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Problems of Traditional aquaculture
Traditional aquaculture is damaging to mangrove ecosystems and has a large carbon emission.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Source：Minhong Qiu. (2014) 红树林水产养殖与生态恢复对其环境的影响研究 A study on the impact of mangrove aquaculture and ecological restoration on its environment, Hainan Normal Univesity (own translation from the Chinese text)
Mangrove aquaculture has improved economic and ecological benefits compared to traditional models
Mangrove aquaculture not only brings a 50% increase in production, but also reduces carbon emissions by about 85%
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Source：John Hambrey (1998) ‘Mangrove Conservation and Coastal Management in Southeast Asia: What Impact on Fishery Resources’. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 37(8), pp.431-440
The contribution of mangrove aquaculture
Annual fish consumption per person in Bali: 2.5Kg Annual fishery consumption in Bali:7,560,000Kg Planned annual fish production from mangrove aquaculture:9,158,100Kg Planned annual Seaweed production from mangrove aquaculture:4,300,000Kg It is planned that the output from mangrove aquaculture will be enough to meet the demand of the Balinese population for fish and meat, with the opportunity for additional foreign trade.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Source: 2019-2020 PRODUKSI PERIKANAN TANGKAP: Capture Fisheries Production Accessed at: https://cilacapkab.bps.go.id/subject/56/perikanan.html#subjekViewTab3
Site Selection - Port Trade Location Consideration
More aquaculture areas in areas with more trading ports will provide more resources for trade.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site Selection - Mangrove distribution Consideration
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site Selection - Roads and populationc Consideration
A larger population also means more fish consumption, while good transport also deserves careful consideration.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site Selection - Major fishery markets Consideration
The main target for the delivery of mangrove aquaculture products to the aquaculture market and therefore the choice of location for mangrove aquaculture also needs to take into consideration the distribution of the aquaculture market.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Food consumption of fisheries production
Each aquaculture area will produce enough fishery production to meet the needs of the people around it.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Trade exports of fishery production
In areas close to the port, the production from the aquaculture areas will be also available for export trade.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Trade exports of fishery production Some species of seaweed have a huge bioenergy potential and therefore could also provide energy for Bali.
*Among seaweeds, Ulva lactuca L is better positioned to become a new source of energy capable of mass production
There are two main types of seaweed grown, for food&trade purposes and for energy purposes. Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Energy infrastructure and transportation
In conjunction with Bali's energy infrastructure and transportation, more energy seaweed species will be grown in the aquaculture areas around the infrastructure.
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Site of Energy seaweed species
Energy seaweed species
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Tree species selection
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
The contribution of mangroves to fisheries
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Source：John Hambrey (1998) ‘Mangrove Conservation and Coastal Management in Southeast Asia: What Impact on Fishery Resources’. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 37(8), pp.431-440
Species selection ：Selecting species that are native to and dominant in Bali
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Source：Production an Nilai Produksi Budidaya perikanan Air Tawar Menurut Jenis Produksi dan Jenis Peraian, 2020 The Production and Production Value of Fresh Water Fishery by Type Production and Type of Water, 2020
Two methods of seaweed growing Seaweed floating raft racks Small-leaved seaweed
Seaweed breeding racks Seaweed with large leaves
Fixing brackets
Breeding layer
Fan Leaf Installations not only farm seaweed, but also promote carbon sequestration by seaweed
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
As the water flows through the fan leaves, the rotation of the fan leaves carries the water from the underside to the upper layers and nutrients are transported with it
Mangrove aquaculture model
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Calculations Supply and demand guarantee Annual fishery consumption in Bali:7,560,000Kg Planned annual fish production from mangrove aquaculture:9,158,100Kg Planned annual Seaweed production from mangrove aquaculture:4,300,000Kg
Carbon emissions and energy supply Electricity consumption and carbon emissions of traditional farming methods
Mangrove aquaculture not only brings a 50% increase in production, but also reduces carbon emissions by about 85% 17,583,552kg less CO2 emissions per year from mangrove farming than from conventional farming. Sea burial culture can fix 4,730,000kg of CO2 per year.
Future view: Seaweed Forest
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Future view: Seaweed Forest
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
Future view: Seaweed Forest
Weidong Xia / 185068 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 CW2 Workbook
Group Ecology Xiao. Yang 1823699
Workbook Contents 1. finnal output .............................................................
p4------p24
2. The first powerpoint presentation............................
p27------p38
3. The second powerpoint presentation......................
p40------p45
4. The third powerpoint presentation...........................
p47------p58
5. The fourth powerpoint presentation........................
p60-------p71
6. The fifth powerpoint presentation........................
p73-------p84
7. Video script................................................................
p85
The final output
Approximate extent of forest distribution in Bali
Section and forest problems
https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/conference/ChZDb25mZXJlbmNlTmV3UzIwMjIwNDIwEg5IWTAwMD AwMjc0OTM0OBoIcWZxcmZhNTY%3D
Topography and elevation distribution of Bali
https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/conference/ChZDb25mZXJlbmNlTmV3UzIwMjIwNDIwEg5IWTAwMD AwMjc0OTM0OBoIcWZxcmZhNTY%3D
Suitable tree species at different elevations in Bali
Distribution of different soil species in Bali
Suitable tree species for different soil species
Distribution of solar radiation in Bali
Species suitable for different solar radiation regions
A combination of three conditions, suitable tree species from various regions of Bali
Suitable densities for areas of different tree species
Soil pH value in forest of Bali
https://d.wanf angdata.com. cn/periodical/ ChlQZXJpb2 RpY2FsQ0hJ TmV3UzIwMjI wNDE1Eg1kZ GhnMjAyMD A2MDQxGgh 0M3E3N2oze Q%3D%3D
https://d.wanf angdata.com. cn/periodical/ ChlQZXJpb2 RpY2FsQ0hJ TmV3UzIwMjI wNDE1Eg1se Wt4MjAyMDA zMDEzGggzd GRkMTVtcg% 3D%3D
Zooming
https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/ChlQZXJpb2RpY2FsQ0hJTmV3UzIwMjIwNDE1Eg1se Wt4MjAyMDAzMDEzGggzdGRkMTVtcg%3D%3D
The carbon sequestration capacity of the region's restored forests
https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/ChlQZXJpb2RpY2FsQ0hJTmV3UzIwMjIwNDE1Eg1se Wt4MjAyMDAzMDEzGggzdGRkMTVtcg%3D%3D
Future vision: The boundary between city and forest is broken, and a large area of forest covers the city, forming an organic unity of forest and cityrea of forest covers the city
Previous PowerPoint
The first powerpoint presentation
group 2 / team Ecology
Dependence and symbiosis
group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29 Sector 3: The protective role of mangroves
Tree species selection
Xiao Yang / 1823699 / group 2 / team Ecology
Multidensity planting
UPD 306 - April 29 PART 1: Status quo described Mangrove distribution
group 2 / team Ecology
Coral reef restoration: 1. Traditional coral reef restoration techniques: Selecting suitable coral reef species, planting and transplanting reefs 2. Modern Technology Restoration technology :3D printing coral reefs
group 2 / team Ecology
group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29 Sector 4: Carbon sequestration
Chenghao Zheng / 1509115 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector 4: Carbon sequestration
Application of carbon sequestration capacity of mangroves in Bali
Chenghao Zheng / 1509115 / group 2 / team Ecology
Source: Zhou,K.(2008).Research on Environmental Law. Zhou,W. Zeng,Y. and Wu,B (2013).Analysis and Enlightenment of international forestry carbon sequestration trading market. .
group 2 / team Ecology
group 2 / team Ecology
The second powerpoint presentation
group 2 / team Ecology
The destruction of three systems leads to soil erosion
Three system failures caused the tsunami to extend its reach
Three system disruptions lead to carbon problems 1. Destruction of coral reefs, seagrasses and mangroves increases CO2 concentrations in Bali's atmosphere 2. The destruction of coral reefs, seagrasses and mangroves affects Bali's local climate, causing temperatures to rise
The third powerpoint presentation
Section position
Three systems face challenges
The destruction of three systems leads to soil erosion
Three system failures caused the tsunami to extend its reach
Three system disruptions lead to carbon problems 1. Destruction of coral reefs, seagrasses and mangroves increases CO2 concentrations in Bali's atmosphere 2. The destruction of coral reefs, seagrasses and mangroves affects Bali's local climate, causing temperatures to rise
Different types of coastal mangrove assemblages
Silty shores 31±2.42 t·hm-2a-1
Sandy shores 24.58±3.2 t·hm-2a-1
Bedrock shores 19.25±2.12 t·hm-2a-1
Carbon sequestration ratio
The fourth powerpoint presentation
https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/ChlQZXJpb2RpY2FsQ0hJTmV3UzIwMjIwNDE1EhB6bmx4eXhiMjAxOTEyMDE0GghyZmdibW16YQ%3D%3D https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/ChlQZXJpb2RpY2FsQ0hJTmV3UzIwMjIwNDE1Eg9zaGlka3gyMDExMDEwMTUaCGtieWFuYmZ3 allen coral atlas. org
Mangrove, seagrass, coral reef distribution
Section position
Three systems face challenges
Three system disruptions lead to carbon problems 1. Destruction of coral reefs, seagrasses and mangroves increases CO2 concentrations in Bali's atmosphere 2. The destruction of coral reefs, seagrasses and mangroves affects Bali's local climate, causing temperatures to rise
Different types of coastal mangrove assemblages
Silty shores 31±2.42 t·hm-2a-1
Sandy shores 24.58±3.2 t·hm-2a-1
Bedrock shores 19.25±2.12 t·hm-2a-1
https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/ChlQZXJpb2RpY2FsQ0hJTmV3UzI wMjIwNDE1EhB6bmx4eXhiMjAxOTEyMDE0GghyZmdibW16YQ%3D%3D
The fifth powerpoint presentation
Topography and elevation distribution of Bali
Suitable tree species at different elevations in Bali
Distribution of different soil species in Bali
Suitable tree species for different soil species
Distribution of solar radiation in Bali
Species suitable for different solar radiation regions
A combination of three conditions, suitable tree species from various regions of Bali
Suitable densities for areas of different tree species
Soil pH value in forest of Bali
Zooming
group 2 / team Ecology/ Chenghao Zheng/1509115/
group 2 / team Ecology
group 2 / team Ecology
Dependence and symbiosis
group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29 PART 1: Status quo described Mangrove distribution
group 2 / team Ecology
Solids pollution
Community collection (employment problem solving)
Water pollution
Build floating island for birds
Inland
：Purifaction Threated Pollution for Mangrove:
Sea
Solids pollution (by Ocean currents)
UPD 306 - April 29 Sector1: Water Pollution
Problems & Case study
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29 Sector1: Water Pollution
Proposals
Wenqin Meng / 1824555 / group 2 / team Ecology
group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29 Sector 2: Aquaculture
The advantages of mangrove aquaculture
——Able to use wastewater while avoiding additional energy input to the breeding area
Weidong Xia 1825068 Group2 team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29 Sector 3: The protective role of mangroves
Tree species selection
Xiao Yang / 1823699 / group 2 / team Ecology
Multidensity planting
group 2 / team Ecology
Coral reef restoration: 1. Traditional coral reef restoration techniques: Selecting suitable coral reef species, planting and transplanting reefs 2. Modern Technology Restoration technology :3D printing coral reefs
group 2 / team Ecology
group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29 Sector 4: Carbon sequestration
Chenghao Zheng / 1509115 / group 2 / team Ecology
UPD 306 - April 29
Sector 4: Carbon sequestration
Application of carbon sequestration capacity of mangroves in Bali
Case study: 1. Gazi Bay, Kenya-----Carbon Trading 2. Zanzibar, Tanzania-----Mangrove digital map
Chenghao Zheng / 1509115 / group 2 / team Ecology
Source: Zhou,K.(2008).Research on Environmental Law. Zhou,W. Zeng,Y. and Wu,B (2013).Analysis and Enlightenment of international forestry carbon sequestration trading market. .
group 2 / team Ecology
group 2 / team Ecology
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Fishi ng
Pollut ion
Coral
Sell
Touri sm
Terrain
Type
Acropor a tenuis
Acropora tenuis and “Coral tree”
Under certain maintenance and management, tourists and
Restoration of ecological diversity (from coral, seagrass, benthos)
At present, there are no living coral reefs in this area and the environment suitable for coral reefs. There are also some fishing villages nearby, so they are mainly dominated by vulnerable coral species and the breeding of economic fish.
3D printing technology 3D printed coral can provide a living place for fish 3D printed "coral reef plate" allows broken coral to grow
Artificially create an environment suitable for the growth of coral reefs
Butterflyfish
Tridactyla herring
Dugong
sea turtle
Porkfish
Grouper
CW2:Chenghao Zheng(ecology)
Chenghao Zheng / 1509115 / group 2 / team 1
Bali coral reef restoration project CW2:Chenghao Zheng(ecology)
Chenghao Zheng / 1509115 / group 2 / team 1
UPD 306 - 24th May
UPD 306 - 24th May
UPD 306 - 24th May
UPD 306 - 24th May
UPD 306 - 24th May
UPD 306 - 24th May
UPD 306 - 24th May
UPD 306 - 24th May
Connected to the mangrove park on the road
UPD 306 - 24th May