Learenglish2

Learn English M a r s h a

2 CD I N C

G o m e z

DED LU

Plan of Book 2

4

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Plan of Book 2 UNIT 1 A. B. C. D. E.

The article: the, a, an ..........................................................

Count and Noncount nouns .............................................

Quanty expressions ............................................................

Demostratives .....................................................................

Possessives ...........................................................................

A. B. C. D. E.

Requests ...............................................................................

Irregular Nouns .................................................................

The noun substitude one ..................................................

The use of other and another ...........................................

The object forms of pronouns ..........................................

6 8 12 16 18

UNIT 2 20 24 26 28 30

UNIT 3 A. Verb and indirect object .................................................... 32 B. Past Tense forms of irregular verbs .................................. 32 UNIT 4 A. Adverbs of manner ............................................................. 34 B. Noun phrase + modifier...................................................... 36 C. Wh - questions................ .................................................. 38 REVIEW A. Review of Units 1-9............................................................. 40 B. Appendix............................................................................... 46

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The articles

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UNIT 1 The Articles

LISTENING How to make guacamole A

Listen and whatch the Video about the head chef at a Mexican restaurant in London.

Match the vocabulary with the correct definition and write [ a - h ] next to the number [ 1 -8 ].

1. _____ a bone.

2. _____ oxidation (UK: oxidisation) 3. _____ sensitive.

4. _____ the palate.

5. _____ to chop.

6. _____ ripe.

7. _____ etcetera (etc.)

8. _____ to fly.

a. Fully grown and ready to be eaten (fruits or vegetables) b. And other, similar things (used to avoid giving a complete list) c. Easily affected by something in a way that is not pleasant or good. d. The chemical reaction when something becomes combined with oxygen. e. The large, hard seed inside an avocado, also called a stone. f. To cut something into pieces with a knife. g. The ability to taste and judge flavors in food. h. To move or go quickly; to disappear (slang).

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B

The articules

Write a number (1- 8) to put the steps of the recipe in order.

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____

Deseed, chop and add the chillies.

Add lime to the avocados.

Remove the avocado skin and bone.

Mash the avocados.

Chop and add the tomatoes and onions.

Add the coriander and chopper garlic.

Mix and serve with grilled tortillas.

Add some olive oil, a pinch of salt, Tabasco sauce and some sugar.

GRAMMAR FOCUS A 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

B 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Write the correct indefinite article (a, an or some) to fill the gaps.

To know whether_______________avocado is ripe, touch it and see if it’s soft.

Adding _______________lime juice to the avocados will keep them from oxidising.

You can use_______________onion of any variety in guacamole.

If your skin is sensitive, wear gloves when you deseed_______________ chilli.

Add _______________coriander and chopped garlic.

You need to put in _______________pinch of sugar because of the tomatoes.

Add _______________olive oil.

Use _______________flour tortillas from the local supermarket.

Circle True or False for these sentences Guacamole is a traditional UK dish.

You should use ripe avocados when making guacamole.

Lime juice is added to give colour to the dish.

You can only use Spanish onions in guacamole.

Some people’s skin is sensitive to chillies.

You should cut off the stem before adding the coriander.

Elki recommends using big chunks of garlic for more flavour.

Elki thinks the guacamole is going to last a long time.

True True True True True True True True

False False False False False False False False

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8

Count and Noncount nouns

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Count and Noncount nouns

LISTENING The cooking competition A

Listen and whatch the Video about a cooking competition. Then do these exercises to check your understanding of countable and uncountable nouns.

Count and Noncount nouns

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GRAMMAR FOCUS A

Write the correct words in the boxes below the pictures. a cake some coffe

a paper some chocolate

some paper some chocolates

a coffe some cake

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10

B 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Count and Noncount nouns Complete the gaps with a word from the box.

They got __________ giant prawns for dinner.

You’ll need __________ umbrella if you go out.

Daisy needs __________ new phone.

I’d like __________ potato with my salad.

Get __________ garlic, please.

How about __________ cup of tea?

I’ve got __________ idea!.

Could you get me __________ more tea?

C Circle and correct the mistakes in these sentences.

1. Would you like a apple? ................................................................................................................................................

2. We need a peppers. ................................................................................................................................................

3. Some dogs have four legs. ................................................................................................................................................

4. Have a buter on your toast. ................................................................................................................................................

5. Here’s an lemon from our tree. ................................................................................................................................................

6. I love some chocolate!. ................................................................................................................................................

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Count and Noncount nouns

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WORD POWER A Complete the gaps with ( a - an - some ).

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

They got __________ giant prawns for dinner.

You’ll need __________ umbrella if you go out.

Daisy needs __________ new phone.

I’d like __________ potato with my salad.

Get __________ garlic, please.

How about __________ cup of tea?

I’ve got __________ idea!

Could you get me __________ more tea?

B Write U for uncountable or C for countable in the gaps.

1. The children are playing in the garden. __________ 2.

I don’t like milk. __________ 3.

I prefer tea. __________ 4.

Scientists say that the environment is threatened by pollution. __________ 5.

My mother uses butter to prepare cakes. __________ 6.

There are a lot of windows in our classroom. __________ 7.

We need some glue to fix this vase. __________ 8. The waiters in this restaurant are very professional. __________ 9.

My father drinks two big glasses of water every morning. __________ 10. The bread my mother prepares is delicious. __________ 11. Drivers must be careful; the road is slippery. __________ 12. Some policemen are organizing road traffic to avoid any accidents. __________ 13.

I bought three bottles of mineral water for our picnic. __________ 14.

I’d like some juice please! __________ 15. Successful candidates will join the camp later this year. __________ 16.

A rise in oil prices is inevitable since there is more and more world demand for energy. __________ 17. The exercises on this website are interesting. __________

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Quantity expressions

Quantity expressions

LISTENING Carrot Cake A

Watch the video between Sophie and Hakan. Then do these exercises to check your understanding of some, any, every and no.

Write the phrases in the correct group.

I really don’t like some of You won’t find anywhere his songs. like this.

I’d like some advice.

Anything is better than this!

There was nothing he There was nobody at the She can go anywhere she Anyone can answer that could do. door. wants question!

Quantity expressions

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ZERO

LIMITED

13

UNLIMITED

GRAMMAR FOCUS A Complete the gaps with a word.(some, any, every and no) 1.

2.

3.

I think the house was empty because __________ one answered the door.

Could I have __________ grapes, please? Just a few.

A: “__________ else, sir?”

B: “No, thank you, that’s everything.”

4.

5.

I wish I knew __________ who could help me with this.

There isn’t __________ that sells sunglasses in the shopping centre. Try the High Street.

6.

A: “Where would you like to go on holiday?”

B: “ __________ with sun and a beach. I want a tan!”

7.

8.

Has __________ seen my purse?

Mum! There’s __________ on the phone for you!

B Complete these sentences with ( Anyone - Some - Nothing - Nobody - None - Somewhere ). Then practice

with a partner.

1.

A: “Can I have a biscuit?”

B: “Sorry, there aren’t __________

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Quantity expressions

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CONVERSATION The neighborhood A Read and practice with a partner.

Dan: Where do you live, Kim? Kim: I live in an apartment downtown.

Dan: Oh, that’s convenient, but . . . how much crimes is there?

Kim: Not much. But there is a lot of traffic.

I can’t stand the noise sometimes!

Where do you live?

Dan: I have a house in the suburbs.

Kim: Oh, I bet it’s really quiet.

But is there much to do there?

Dan: No. not much. In fact, nothig ever really happends.

That’s the trouble.

Kim: Hey. Let’s trade places one weekend!

Dan: Ok. Great idea!

SNAPSHOT How much and how many Uncountable nouns Countable nouns How much crime is there? There’s a lot.

How many restaurants are there?

There are a lot.

There’s a little. There are a few.

There isn’t much. There aren’t any.

There isn’t any. There aren’t many.

‘There’s none.

There are none.

Quantity expressions

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GRAMMAR FOCUS A

Write answers to these questions about your neighborhood. Then practice with a partner.

1.

2.

3 4 5.

How many apartment buildings are there? ............................................................................

How much traffic is there? ........................................................................................................

How many bookstores are there? .............................................................................................

How much noise is there? .........................................................................................................

How many movie theaters are there? ......................................................................................

B Pair work. Write queations like those in part A about these topics. Then ask and anwer the questions. crime

parks

pollution

restaurants

WRITING A Group work. Talk about where you live. Discuss these questions in groups.

Do you live in a house or an apartment?

Where is it?

How many rooms are there?

Are there any good restaurants nearby?

How many clubs/theaters/gyms are there in your neighborhood?

Is there any public transportation near your home?

How do you like it there?

schools

stores

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Demostratives

Demostratives

LISTENING Christmas Shopping A Watch the video about the conversation between Sophie and Anita.

Complete the gaps with the best answer from the box.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

this / that / these / those

General things

Physically near us

that / those

Physically at a distance from us

On the phone

We use ____________________ to explain what are talking about.

We use ‘this / these’ for things which are ____________________.

We use ‘that / those’ for things which are ____________________.

We also use ____________________ for things wich are distant from us in time.

We can use ‘this / that’ to refer to ____________________ e.g.: what somebody has said. ____________________ we can say, ‘This is Ollie’ (if you are Ollie) or ‘Is that Alfie?’.

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Demostratives

B Circle the best answer for these sentences.

1. We’re going to play tennis _____ morning

this

that

2. Shall I wear this shirt or _____ one?

that

those

3. Can I have a look at _____ trousers?

that

those

4. Let’s go to _____ new club in the centre.

this

that

5. _____ posters you gave me look great on my wall.

these

those

6. Look at _____ ring over here.

this

that

7. We’ll have to do some work now; _____ isn’t a holiday, you know.

this

that

8. Hi Stuart, _____ is my friend Sylvie.

this

it

C 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Write the word to fill the gaps. Use ( this - that - these - those ).

I’m really busy _______________ morning. _______________ cake you made last week was delicious.

Let me introduce you. Sue _______________ is Tom. I’m going to take back _______________ shoes I bought last week.

Are you going to watch _______________ DVD with us?

First you need to chop up _______________ tomatoes over there.

Hello, _______________ is Nick speaking.

Yes, _______________ ‘s right. I completely agree with you.

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Possessives

Possessives

LISTENING Alfie’s new bike.

A Watch the video about the conversation Alfie’s new bike.

Circle the correct possesive.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Could ( you / her / your ) take a message, please?

They showed us all ( they / their / ours ) holiday photos last night.

I’m sorry but these seats are ( my / their / ours ).

Sandy and ( I / me / her ) are going to the café.

Do you want ( I / me / my ) to turn this off?

I saw your sister’s paintings yesterday. ( She / They / Its ) were very good.

They’ve got two babies and they take ( they / their / them ) everywhere.

Let ( he / my / him ) help you with that.

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Possessives

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B Correct the mistakes and write the sentences on the line below.

1.

They don’t look like they brothers.

..........................................................................................................

2.

It’s your father’s idea, not my.

..........................................................................................................

3.

Sam and me went to that concert at the weekend.

..........................................................................................................

4.

I’ve never met you parents, you know.

..........................................................................................................

5.

A: Who’s coming to the cinema?

B: Only Paul and my.

..........................................................................................................

6.

I would do anything for he.

..........................................................................................................

7.

My is from a different shop.

..........................................................................................................

8.

Have you seen our project? I hope they get an A+.

..........................................................................................................

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20

Requests

UNIT

2

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Requests

LISTENING Chinese New Year.

A Remember to watch the video first. Chinese New Year.

Write the word to fill the gaps.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Can I _____________ you something to drink?

Would you _____________ if I closed the window?

Would you like _____________ come skating with us?

Can I _____________ you a hand? _____________ you possibly lend me a pen, please?

Dad says we _____________ borrow his bicycle if we’re careful.

You _____________ carry this, could you? _____________ you be free for lunch on Saturday?

Requests

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B Match the two sentence halves and write ( A – H ) next to the number ( 1 - 8 ).

1. Would you like to come for lunch this weekend? [ ] 2. Can you help me with this table a moment? [ ] 3. Could you tell me where the nearest bank is, please?

4. Would you like me ask my brother?

5. Can I come round to your house later?

6. Could you lend me $20, please?

7. Can I get you a cup of tea?

8. Would you mind passing me that menu, please?

[ ] [ [ [ [ [

] ] ] ] ]

A. Oh, yes, please! Could you?

B. Well, actually, my mum’s not feeling well.

Maybe another time.

C. I suppose so. But I need it back before Friday.

D. Yes, of course. Here you go.

E. Yes, sure. Where do you want to put it?

F. I’m sorry, I’m not from around here.

G. No, I’m OK, thanks, I’ve just had one.

H. Oh, I’d love to, thank you.

GRAMMAR FOCUS A Write the words in the correct order to make sentences.

1.

have / some /

I/

Can /

water /

?

........................................................................................................................

2.

coffee /

Would /

like /

?/

you /

a

........................................................................................................................

3.

How /

?/

I/

help / can /

you

........................................................................................................................

4.

do /

Could /

a/

favour /

me /

?/

you /

........................................................................................................................

5.

giving /

a/

you /

me /

mind / Would /

hand /

?

........................................................................................................................

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Requests

6. up / please / me / Can / pick / you / later,

........................................................................................................................

7.

explain /

you /

Could /

this, /

please /

?

........................................................................................................................

8.

come / for /

you / round /

to / like /

Would /

dinner ?

........................................................................................................................

SNAPSHOT A

Requests in English are usually made in the form of questions

Asking to do things - asking for permission Asking Can I...?

Could I...?

Could I possibly...?

Is it all right if I...?

Do you think I could...?

Do you mind if I...?

Affirmative Yes, sure.

Negative Well, I’m afraid...(+ reason ).

Yes, of course.

Yes, that’s fine.

Certainly.

Well, the problem is...

No, not at all.

No, of course not.

Sorry, but...

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Requests

WORD POWER A

Choose the correct alternative for the following:

1.

_____________ I borrow a pen, please?

a) Will b) Could c) Would

2.

- I’ve forgotten my wallet.

- Don’t worry. I _____________ lend you some money if you like.

a) Could b) Would c) Will

3.

_____________ you like to come to the cinema tonight?

a) Can b) Would c) Could

4.

Do you mind _____________ the window please?

5.

Would you mind _____________ me with these boxes?

a) Helping b) If helping c) Help

6.

_____________ I left early tomorrow morning? I have a doctor’s appointment.

a) Do you mind if b) Would you mind if c) Could

a) Closed b) To close c) Closing

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Irregular Nouns

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Irregular Nouns READING Are Mobile Phones Taking Over Our Lives?

Next time you’re in a public place, take a look around you, and count how many people are using their phones.

I can tell you now that it is probably more than half, whether you’re on public transport, in a café or simply walking down the street.

I’m not saying that I am not an example of this, but it always amazes me how people can spend so much time on their phones without actually talking to anyone in particular. With the constant upgrade of technology we can now do practically anything on a device which can fit in the palm of our hands. But has it gone too far? Do we spend too much time on our mobiles and not enough time talking to people ‘in real life’?

For example, I recently visited London and travelled on the bus while I was there. Apart from the people asleep, almost everybody else was on their phones, and because of the nature of the tube, it is difficult not to see exactly what they are all doing. Of course, being underground it is difficult to get any signal, which rules out texting or using the internet, but there is still plenty you can use your phones for. People were playing games, reading articles and listening to music, and I am sure that as soon as they emerged from the train station they would start texting or calling or checking their emails. There is a constant connection to everyone in the world, as long as you have a mobile phone in your hand.

Recently, my smart phone broke and had to be sent off to the warehouse for repair for a week or so. In the meantime I had to use a really old, basic phone just to keep me in touch with my family and friends. All I could do on this phone was send text messages, make calls and play one game. And I loved it. I loved being free from the internet, and I really didn’t mind not having constant updates about what my friends were doing or what the latest celebrity story was. It was quite refreshing and it allowed me to spend more time taking in my surroundings – I could enjoy my time in London more, for example, and I could watch the men or the women around me and really see what was going on.

However, I knew that as soon as I got my smart phone back I would be one of those people once again, obsessed with finding out what everyone is doing and wasting my time playing games or checking social network sites.

Perhaps I should just go back to using the basic phone and forget I ever got my smart phone back...!

Irregular Nouns

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A

25

Read the article. Then find the correct irregular noun either ( plural or singular ) to complete these table.

Circle the irregular noun of the text.

Singular

Plural

Person

____________________

____________________ Man Woman Life ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________

These ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ Watches Those Busses Halves

B

Determine which form is the correct plural form for the noun in the sentence.

1.

One child is here and the other _____________ are outdoors.

a) Childs b) Cheldrin c) Children

2.

This foot of the chair is broken, but the other _____________ are fine.

a) Foots b) Feet c) Footes

3.

One woman wants a hamburger and the other _____________ want salads.

a) Womans b) Women c) Womens

4.

This tooth hurts and so do my other _____________ .

a) Tooths b) Toothes c) Teeth

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The noun Substitute one

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The noun Substitute one CONVERSATION They’re perfect for you.

A Listen and practice.

Steve: Oh, look at those earrings, Maria.

They’re perfect for you.

Maria: These red ones? I’m not sure.

Steve: No, the yellow ones.

Maria: Oh, these? Hmmm. Yellow isn’t really a good color for me.

Steve: Well, that necklace isn’t bad.

Maria: Which one?

Steve: That blue one right there.

How much is it?

Maria: It’s $42! That’s expensive!

Steve: Hey, let me get it for you.

It’s your birthday present.

Happy birthday!

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The noun Substitute one

SNAPSHOT A

Requests in English are usually made in the form of questions

Asking to do things - asking for permission We use one (singular) and ones (plural) to avoid unnecessary repetition.

See those two girls? Helen is the tall one and Jane is the short one.

Which is your car, the red one or the blue one?

My trousers are torn. I need some new ones.

See those two girls. Helen is the one on the left.

Let’s look at the photographs. The ones you took in Paris.

We often use them after Which ... in questions:

You can borrow a book. Which one do you want?

There are lots of books here. Which ones are yours?

GRAMMAR FOCUS A 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Circle ( one - ones ) to complete correctly the sentenses.

How old are my children ? The younger ( one / ones ) is four and the older is seven.

The new mobiles are much lighter than the old ( one / ones ).

I don’t mind what kind of car it is, I just want ( one / ones ) that gets me there.

Wich do your prefer; this ( one / ones ) or that ( one / ones )?

I need some new glasses. The ( one / ones ) I have at the moment are broken.

I hope this holiday will be ( one / ones ) to remember.

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The use of other and another

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The use of other and another READING The Value of Foreign Languages

People often ask me why I chose to study Spanish at University. And I always answer with “why not?” Because I believe that the importance of learning languages is obvious. But since I started learning languages many years ago, I have come to realise that not everybody sees it as clearly, especially those who only speak their own language.

Being able to speak a foreign language is one of the most rewarding and enriching skills I have ever been fortunate enough to learn. It has allowed me to travel, meet new people and learn so much more about different cultures and traditions. In this way, it has helped me to open my eyes and my mind to everything that is going on in the world, rather than just in the UK. I started learning French at the age of 11 and Spanish at the age of 13. I still study Spanish now, and over this summer I hope to pick up my French again, as I will be teaching both next year. I can’t wait to pass on my passion and knowledge of languages to other people. In my school, learning French was compulsory, which I believe is important as otherwise not many students would have chosen to study it. Spanish was a choice that I made over other subjects based on how much I enjoyed learning French. To this day I am still happy with my decision and hope that in the future more students will make the same choices as I did.

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The use of other and another

29

Having a second or even a third, fourth or fifth language opens up so many doors for you that it is difficult to see it as anything other than an advantage. For example, in the restaurant I work at, we catered for 80 people from Argentina last week, which meant I could practise my Spanish with native speakers, something which is sometimes difficult to do. My language skills even came in handy when I had to act as a translator between the customers and other staff members.

I have recently realised just how much you can do with a language, especially in the world of work. If you ask someone to name the jobs you can do if you speak another language, the ones which always appear are: teacher, translator or interpreter. However, nowadays knowing another language is an advantage in just about any job you can think of. Most businesses will have offices abroad, or will want to do business with other countries, and therefore need people who can communicate in those situations.

So it is clear that speaking languages is incredibly useful in all aspects of life, and although it might be difficult to get a grasp of at first, it is always worth it in the end.

GRAMMAR FOCUS A Read the article. Select a correct option according to ( Another - Other ). Then practice with your

partner.

1.

There’s no _____________ way to do it.

a) Other b) Another c) The Other

2.

Some people like to rest in their free time. _____________ like to travel.

a) Others b) Other c) The Others

3.

This cake is delicious! Can I have _____________ slice, please?

a) Other b) Another c) Others

4.

Where are _____________ boys?

a) Other b) Another c) Others

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The object forms of pronouns

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The object forms of pronouns LISTEN Wen I look at you.

A

Listen and practice. Then complete the sentences according to the song.

Everybody needs _____________. Everybody needs a _____________ A beautiful _____________, when the night’s so long ‘Cause there is no guarantee, that this life is _____________ Yeah, when my _____________ is falling apart When there’s no, light to _____________ up the dark That’s when I, I, I look at _____________ _____________ the waves are flooding the shore And I can’t find my way _____________ anymore That’s when I, I, I _____________ at you _____________ I look at you, I see forgiveness, I _____________ the truth You _____________ me for who I _____________ like the stars hold the _____________ Right there where they belong. And I know I’m not _____________ Yeah, when my world is falling _____________ When there’s no light to break _____________ the dark That’s when I, I, I look at _____________ _____________ the waves are flooding the shore And I can’t find my way _____________ anymore That’s when I, I, I _____________ at you You appear just like a dream to _____________ Just like kaleidoscope colors that cover _____________ All I _____________, every breath that I breathe Don’t you _____________, you’re _____________ When the waves are flooding the shore And I can’t find my way home anymore That’s when I, I, I _____________ at you I look at _____________ You appear just like a dream to _____________

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The object forms of pronouns

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GRAMMAR FOCUS A 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

B 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

C 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Circle the correct pronouns ( We / Us ) usually see ( they / them ) . ( I / Me ) write to ( she / her ) everyday. ( He / Him ) loves ( her / she ) very much but ( she / her ) doesn’t love ( he / him ) .

Please don’t wait for ( she / her ) .

Do you like ( he / him ) ?

Write the object pronoun ( me - you - him - her ) to fill the gaps.

I’m buying this to my mum. I’m buying this to _____________ .

My mum is playing football with my brothers. My mum is playing football with _____________ .

We are asking questions to Mr Bond. We are asking questions to _____________ .

Joe is talking to Sophie. Joe is talking to _____________ .

My mum loves me and my sisters. My mum loves _____________ .

I like cakes I like _____________ .

Fred loves Sheila. Fred loves _____________ .

I play football with my partners. I play football with _____________ .

Write the correct pronoun: [ me

-

you

-

him

-

her

-

it

- us

Have you listened to me? Yes , I’ve listened to _____________ .

Did you visit London last week? Yes, I visited _____________ .

Can you help my brother and me, please? Yes, I help _____________ .

My friend and I like chocolate ice creams. These ice creams are for _____________ .

Peter loves Mary but She doesn’t love _____________ .

They bring flowers to my mother. These flowers are for _____________ .

- them ].

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Past tense of irregular verbs

UNIT

3

Past tense

LISTENING The storm.

A Listen and whatch the Video about a the storm. Then do these exercises to

check your understanding of the past simple.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

I _____________ (buy) some food for lunch.

Who _____________ (meet) you at the airport?

We all _______________ (have) the same idea. _______________ (do) you speak to Sophie?

I _______________ (see) the weather forecast earlier.

He _______________ (give) us a lift into town.

She _______________ (read) three books in one week!

They _______________ (take) a taxi to the hotel

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Past tense of irregular verbs

33

GRAMMAR FOCUS A 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Circle True or False for these sentences To form the past simple, we add ( - ed ) to the end of regular verbs.

There are many different types of endings of irregular verbs in the past simple.

We use did + not + infinitive to form past simple negatives with all types of verbs We use did + subject + infinitive to form past simple questions with all types of verbs.

There are clear rules about the endings of past simple irregular verbs You have to learn all the different irregular verb forms of the past simple.

B

Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.

1.

We _____________ about the storm on the news.

........................................................................................................................

2.

They _______________ that it was my birthday.

........................................................................................................................

3.

The waiter _______________ us the menu to look at.

........................................................................................................................

4.

I didn’t _______________ very well last night.

........................................................................................................................

5.

Did you _______________ your coat in the cafe ?

........................................................................................................................

6.

It was so cold that the pipes _______________

........................................................................................................................

True True True True True True

False False False False False False

34

Adverbs of manner

UNIT

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4 Adverbs of manner

LISTENING The adverbs of manner.

A Listen carefully the audio 1 of examples of adverbs of maner. Complete the sentences.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

The old man walked _____________.

The detective _____________ gathered the evidence.

She moved _____________ and spoke quietly.

It rained _____________ for five days.

They work very _____________ to save money.

She knows me _____________.

They drive _____________ when they go in that car.

The teacher looked _____________ at the students.

John and Susan decided to live _____________.

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B

Adverbs of manner

35

Listen carefully the audio 2 of examples of adverbs of maner. Complete the sentences.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

No wonder you’re tired, you slept _____________ last night.

Juan worked with Susan for two years so he knows her _____________.

Janet dances _____________ than Sabrina does Lawrence did _____________ than Charles in the midterm exam.

I’m sorry but I can’t follow you. Could you speak _____________, please?

It’s dangerous to drive so _____________!

WORD POWER A 1.

2.

3.

4.

Listen the audio 3 and match the two sentence halves and write ( A – G ) next to the number ( 1 - 7).

I can’t hear you with all this noise. Please speak _____________.

The cat walked _____________ on the roof. _____________ the lights went off and we couldn’t see anymore.

Bill must be tired. He slept _____________ three hours last night.

[ [ [ [

] ] ] ]

A. B. C. D.

Loudly Only Hard Really

5. Do you love _____________ Paul?

6. Freddy works so _____________ that he got a raise.

[ ] [ ]

E. Softly F. Quietly

7. Sarah is singing _____________ while holding her baby.

[ ]

G. Suddenly

B 1.

2.

3.

4.

Listen the audio 4 and match the two sentence halves and write( A – F ) next to the number ( 1 - 6 ).

They lived _____________ for two years and then got married.

The lecturer presented each topic _____________.

Jane brought up three children all _____________.

When the girl saw the gift, she smiled _____________.

5. That smart kid gets bored _____________ in class.

6. I was walking _____________ along the bridge, when it collapsed.

[ [ [ [

] ] ] ]

[ ] [ ]

A. B. C. D.

Separately Carefully Happily Together

E. Alone F. Easily

36

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Noun phrase + modifier

Noun phrase + modifier SNAPSHOT A The same meaning can be expressed with a noun placed before the noun.

Noun phrase + modifier The same meaning can be expressed with a noun placed before the noun.

A noun can be modified by a phrase or clause placed after the noun.

PREPOSITION MODIFIER

POSTPOSITION MODIFIER

It is an office chair.

May I have a soup spoon.

Ring the door bell.

It is a picnic table.

He rides a mountain bike.

He is an Internal Revenue Service agent.

He is a Kyoto man.

It is a chair for an office.

May I have a spoon that is for soup.

Ring the bell that is next to the door.

It is a table for picnics.

He rides a bike that was designed for the mountains.

He is an agent of the Internal Revenue Service.

He is a man from Kyoto.

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Noun phrase + modifier

37

GRAMMAR FOCUS A

Group work. Select the response from the list that best completes the sentence. Compare and discuss these sentences in groups.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13 14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

It is a bridge that is made of rope. It is a ( ropes / rope ) bridge.

It is a bat for baseballs. It is a ( baseball / baseballs ) bat.

It is a cloth that goes on top of the dining table. It is a ( table / tables ) cloth.

It is a key for my car. It is my ( cars / car ) key.

We bought a bone for dogs. We gave Zak a ( dog / dogs ) bone.

We need a trap for mice. We need a ( mice / mouse ) trap.

We built a house in the trees. We built a ( five units / fives unit / five unit ) house.

These are my slippers that I wear in the house. They are my ( house / house )slippers.

This is a ladder with steps. It is a ( steps / step ) ladder.

My grandmother gave me a plate that is used for serving desserts. It is a ( dessert / desserts) plate.

In the summer, a trucks that is filled with watermelons comes to our town.

We wait for for the ( watermelons / watermelon ) truck to come to town.

There are four bedrooms in my house. It is a ( four bedrooms / four bedroom ) house.

This is the plan that shows the floors in my house house. It is the ( floor / floors ) plan for my house.

This is a handbook for students. It is a ( student / students ) handbook.

Five courses will be served at dinner. It is a ( five -courses / five -course ) dinner.

This is a park for playing baseball. It is a ( baseball park / park baseball ) .

This is a lamp for the street. It is a ( lamp street / street lamp ) .

These are laces for shoes. They are ( lace shoes / shoes laces ) .

This is a clip for hair. It is a ( clip hair / hair clip ) .

These are lines for telephone use / data. They are ( lines telephone / lines telephone ) .

These are shoes for walking. They are ( walking shoes / shoes walking ) .

This pole is for fishing. It is a ( fish pole / pole fishing ) .

She chose a dress for her wedding. It is her ( dresswedding / wedding dress ).

He was a victim of drowning. He was a ( drowing victim / victim drowing) .

It was a gallery for shooting. It was a ( shooting gallery / gallery shooting ).

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Wh - questions

Wh - questions

LISTENING The storm.

A Remember to watch the video first. The storm. Complete the gaps with a word from the box.

What Why

Where Who

1.

A: _____________ are you going on holiday?

B: Next Friday

2.

A: _____________ are you going?

B: Croatia

How Whose

How often When

Learn English 3.

A: _____________ bought the tickets?

B: My mum did

4.

A: _____________ do you go on holiday?

B: Once every two years.

5.

A: _____________ don’t you go more often?

B: Because we don’t want to.

6.

A: _____________ do you do other years ?

B: We relax in the garden and visit friends.

7.

A: _____________ do you choose your holiday destination ?

B: Our neighbours recommended it.

Wh - questions

GRAMMAR FOCUS A 1.

Write the questions adding the word in brackets. Don’t forget to change capital letters if necessary.

What you have for lunch? ( did )

........................................................................................................................

2.

Where is that letter? ( from )

........................................................................................................................

3.

She always sing in the shower? ( does )

........................................................................................................................

4.

When we go and visit Gran? ( can )

........................................................................................................................

5.

Who bought those boots? ( you )

........................................................................................................................

39

40

Review

UNIT

5

Learn English

Review

CLASS PROFILE A

Class activity. Go around the class and find out the information below. Then ask follow-up questions and take notes. Write a classmate’s name only once.

Find somone who ...

1. used to look very different.

“Did you see to look very different?”

2. used to have a favorite toy when he or she was a child.

“Did you use to have a favorite toy when you were a child?”

3. always listened to his or her teachers.

“Did you always listen your teachers?”

Learn English 4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

B

Review

41

hated high school.

“Did you hate high school?” used to fight a lo with his or her brothers and sisters.

“Did you use to fight a lo with your brothers and sisters. ” dated someone for a long time in high school.

“Did you “go steady” with someone in high school” wanted to be a movie star when he or she was younger.

“Did you want to be a movie star when you were younger?” had a pet when he or she was a child.

“Did you have a pet when you were a child?”

Group work. Tell the group the most interesting thing you learned about your classmates.

READING Air pollution making Delhi children asthmatic A

Read this article to a local newspaper.

NEW DELHI: With the continuous exposure to air pollution, the number of children suffering from chronic bronchial asthma is on rise in the national capital, reveals a survey. “We examined children of age group 7-15 years in nine industrial and residential pockets of Delhi. Among total of 3,456 children examined, 7.7 per cent were diagnosed having asthma, which was highest in industrial areas, 11.8 per cent,” says Dr Raj Kumar of Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, who was associated with the project.

The survey was conducted in Shahdara, Sahibabad, Nizamuddin, Siri Fort, Ashoka Vihar and Janakpuri. Also two rural pockets -- Dhallupura and Jagatpur -- were surveyed.“Today indoor air pollution level is becoming a matter of concern in big metros like Delhi, which is triggering asthmatic symptoms among the children residing in those areas,” Dr Kumar says.

The 4-year-long study was carried out jointly by the representatives of Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute and the Geology Department of Delhi University.In the last few years, children’s health has also deteriorated due to exposure of air pollutants in indoor environments ie indoor air pollution, the survey points out.

“Generally people express their concern about outdoor air pollution caused by industrial emissions, but nobody thinks that it can affect children’s health inside the home as well,” he adds.Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder, with the symptoms of cough, common cold, sneezing and feeling of heaviness on chest, besides breathing problems, doctors say.

42

B

Review

Learn English

Group work. Suggest five ways to solve the transportation problems in some places on the world.

C Class activity. Tell your group’s ideas to the class. Then decide wich suggestions are best.

GRAMMAR FOCUS A Complete this questionnaire with information about yourself.

WISH LIST 1.

What kind of vacation do you wish you could take?

I wish ..........................................................................................................

2.

What sport do you wish you could play? .....................................................................................................................

3.

Wich country do you wish you could live in? .....................................................................................................................

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Review

43

4.

What kind of home do you wish you could have? .....................................................................................................................

5.

What kind of pet do you wish you could have? .....................................................................................................................

6.

What languages do you wish you could speak? .....................................................................................................................

7.

Wich musical instrument do you wish you could play? .....................................................................................................................

8.

What kind of car do you wish you could buy? .....................................................................................................................

9.

What famous people do you wish you could meet? .....................................................................................................................

10.

What are two things you wish do you could change about yourself? .....................................................................................................................

B Pair work. Compare your questionnaires. Take turns asking and answering questions about your wishes.

A: What kind of pet do you wish you could have?

B: I wish I could have a dog.

A: Really? Why? B: Well, I could take some great pictures of my dream dog.

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Review

44

PAST, PRESENT, OR FUTURE A

1

Listen to Ricki and Will talk at a class reunion. Write past, present or future below each picture.

2

3

4

5

past ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

B

Listen again. What does Ricki hope to do in the future?

Correct these flase statements.

1. She’d like to start working soon.

2.She’d like to open a restaurant.

3.She hopes to work in an office.

4. She plans to get a loan from her parents.

GRAMMAR FOCUS A

Pair work. You an your partner are going to take a trip. You have to make a brochure for a surfing trip, and your partner makes a brochure for a ski trip. First, use the information in your brouchure to answer your partner’s questions about the surfing trip.

B Pair work. Now ask questions like these about the ski trip.

How much does the trip cost?

What does the price of the trip include?

What are the accommodations like?

Are skiing lessons available?

What else can you tell me about the trip?

Review

Learn English

45

LIFE IS LIKE A GAME A

Group work. Play the board game. Follow these instructions.

1.Use small pieces of paper with your initials on them as markers.

2.Take turns by tossing a coin:

If the coin lands face up, move two spaces.

If the coin lands face down, move one space.

3.Complete the sentence in the space you land on. Others ask two follow-up questions to get more information.

START

A: It’s been a year since I started working.

B: Oh, really? Do you like your job?

A: Well, the job’s just okay, but the money is great!

C: What do you do?

A: . . .

During my childhood, I spent my free time . . .

l n s i hoo a I w gh sc n he hi W nior ju . ..

It’s been a year since I . . .

Lat ely, I.

..

When I was living in . . .

For the past few years, I . . .

.. vi sit ed

FI

Ih av en ev er

H S I N

.

I..

In t to b he fut e . ure ,Iw .. ant

.w

hile

I..

I use to a

.

dmire. .

.

46

Learn English

Appendix

APPENDIX

COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES. This is a partial list of countries, many of which are presented in this book.

Argentina Australia Austria Brazil Canada Chile China Colombia Costa Rica Ecuador Egypt El Salvador England France

Argentinian Australian Austrian Brazilian Canadian Chilean Chinese Colombian Costa Rican Ecuadorean Egyptian Salvadorean English French

NUMBERS 0 1 zero one 9 10 nine ten 18 19 eighteen nineteen

Germany Greece Haiti Honduras Hungary India Indonesia Iran Iraq Italy Japan Lebanon Malaysia Mexico

German Greek Haitian Honduran Hungarian Indian Indonesian Iranian Iraqi Italian Japanese Lebanese Malaysian Mexican

Morocco New Zealand Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Russia Serbia Taiwan Thailand Uruguay Venezuela

Moroccan New Zealand Nicaraguan Panamanian Paraguayan Peruvian Philippine Polish Russian Serbian Taiwanese Thai Uruguayan Venezuelan

Listen and practice.

2 3 4 5 6 7 two three four five six seven 11 12 13 14 15 16 eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen 20 21 30 40 50 100 twenty twenty-one thirty forty fifty one hundred

8 eight 17 seventeen 1.00 one thousand

Appendix

Learn English

COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES 1. Adjective with -er and -est. big dirty high old busy dry hot pretty cheap easy large quiet clean fast light safe close friendly long scary cold funny mild short cool great new slow deep heavy nice small

tall ugly warm wet young

2. Adjectives with more and most. attractive difficult outgoing beautiful exciting popular boring expensive relaxing crowded famous stressful dangerous important delicious interesting

3. Irregular adjectives good ---> better ---> best bad ---> worse ---> the worst

PRONUNCIATION OF REGULAR PAST FORMS With /d/ studied stayed

With /t/ worked watched

With /id/ invited visited

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN AMERICAN AND BRITISH American spelling center check (noun) color favorite flavor glamorous harbor humor

British spelling centre cheque(noun) colour favourite flavour glamourous harbour humour

American spelling jail jewelry kilometer labor liter neighborhood program theater

British spelling gaol jewellery kilometre labour litre neighbourhood programme theatre

47

48

Learn English

Appendix

IRREGULAR VERBS Present Be Bring Buy Come Cut Do Drive Eat Fly Fall Feel Give Go Grow Have Hear Keep Lose Make

Past Was/Were Brought Bought Came Cut Did Drove Ate Flew Fell Felt Gave Went Grew Had Heard Kept Lost Made

Participle Been Brought Bought Come Cut Done Driven Eaten Flown Fallen Felt Given Gone/Been Grown Had Heard Kept Lost Made

Present Meet Put Quit Read Ride Run See Sell Set Sit Sleep Speak Spend Take Teach Tell Think Wake Wear

Past Met Put Quit Read Rode Ran Saw Sold Set Sat Slept Spoke Spent Took Taught Told Thought Woke Wore

Participle Met Put Quit Read Ridden Run Seen Sold Set Sat Slept Spoken Spent Taken Taught Told Thought Woken Worn

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Appendix

49

Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.

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