H. Horine Environmental Portfolio

ENVIRONMENTAL PORTFOLIO

SYSTEMS PORTFOLIO | HANNAH HORINE

TABLE

CONTENTS

SECTION 01- INTRO

Introduction 3 Carbon footprint 4

SECTION 02- COTE TOP TEN

Civitas 5

Integrated design sketch 6 Civitas introduction 7

SECTION 03- PSYCHOMETRIC CHART

Civitas strategies 10

Sun shading chart 12 Wind velocity chart 13 Diurnal averages 14

SECTION 04- CLIMATE CONSULTANT Ecology 15 Water 16 Wellness 18 Results 19

SECTION 05- CLASS EXERCISES

Design for water 20 Water conservation 21 Window wall ratios 22 Shading calculations 23 Energy calculations 27 Embodied carbon calculations 28

SECTION 06- SUNSET PARK

Background 29 Personas 30

Customer journey map 31 EC3 Comparison 35

SECTION 08- BIBLIOGRAPHY Bibliography 37

IMAGE: Caption Caption

INTRODUCTION

My name is Hannah, I am from Asheville, North Carolina. I have an undergraduate degree in interior design. I found myself enjoying only the architectural aspects of it, so I decided to go back to school and get my graduate degree in architecture.

ABOUT ME

Outside of work I enjoy traveling. I am always thinking of new places to visit and how to get there/ find the time to take a trip. Between the pandemic and the demand of work and school I have not been traveling much which has only fueled my urge to travel. I love spending time outdoors and connecting with nature. I am lucky to live in a beautiful place that is easy to get outside.

WHERE I LIVE

Asheville has several sustainable systems in place such as electric public transportation, many sustainable business, they have a lot of solar power promotions. Asheville prides themselves in supporting local whether it be local farms, artists, small business ect. The people are very community oriented with an abundant amount of opportunities to participate in river, street, and trail clean ups as well as other volunteer options.

I also recently found out we have a new delivery service for local online orders where the order is picked up at the business by someone who bikes it to your home and leaves it at your doorstep. I am sure there are many other ways, but that

is what comes to mind first.

WHY I AM EXCITED ABOUT SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS

I am really excited for this course because sustainability has always been a passion of mine. For me it all started with recycling and then took a tour of one of our facilities which is when I realized recycling wasn’t enough. Over the years as I learn, adapt, and evolve I try to implement sustainable practices in every aspect of my life that I can.

I also have been known to push it on friends and family. With that being said I of course am drawn to sustainable architecture and I am excited to be able to learn about techniques and how it can be implemented in everyday architecture.

CARBON FOOTPRINT

HOUSEHOLD CARBON FOOTPRINT REPORT

EPA & GLOBAL FOOTPRINT NETWORK

This exercise allowed for us to calculate our household impact. I strive to make sustainable choices on a daily bases, so I felt that I was already taking advantage of most of the suggestions. I found it

fairly complete, except it doesn’t take into consideration your location and what you have access to. For example I do not have access to public transportation to commute to work therefore it is my largest impact. The suggestions for

changes to consider were not helpful for me in particular. Overall it was disconcerting to see that all of my daily efforts still were not enough to only need one earth.

SYSTEMS PORTFOLIO | HANNAH HORINE

CIVITAS

FRONT STREET FACADE

Archimania. “Civitas- Zero Energy and Zero Carbon Certified, ILFI LEED Platinum Certified.” Archimania. Archimania, May 27, 2021. https://www.archimania.com/all-projects/civitas.

5 SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS PORTFOLIO | HANNAH HORINE

CIVITAS INTEGRATED DESIGN SKETCH

This image represents the different sustainable attributes the Civitas House offers. The design features offer the owners the ability to live self sufficiently.

KEY FEATURES:

> Energy- civitas creates 170% more energy than it will use through the features shown in the image (solar panels, geothermal, layered skin system)

> Rain harvesting- the site is able to achieve 83% reduction in potable water through the collection system that can contain 3,400 gallon cisterns.

> Ecology- 25% of the roof is vegetated and 100% of the site plantings are native species that support pollination.

Other sustainable design features are included in the interior.

INTERIOR:

> Re purposed steel

> Energy rated appliances

> Cross laminated timber

> Polished concrete

> 22 expandable metal scrims

FRONT STREET FACADE AT DUSK

CIVITAS- ARCHIMANIA COTE BUILDING INFORMATION

PROJECT SCOPE:

The Civitas project is a single family residence. The site is a total of 6,630sf in an urban site along the Mississippi river in Greenfield. The design is zero energy, zero carbon building that is currently under construction. The home has received ILFI and LEED certifications and is the first in the world to do so. The design merges the outside environment and inside environment seamlessly with

more than 90% of the interior spaces having a view to the outdoors. With the sustainable strategies integrated the home achieves a 200-year design life cycle.

IMAGE 1

This image is the side street view of front porch. This shows a clear image of the scrims used to reduce the heat into the house.

IMAGE 2

This image is from the front corner of the house. In this you can see how the windows can open for air circulation through the home.

IMAGE 3

This image is the back courtyard with a pool. Pools are usually thought of as luxury and wasteful however the water for this pool is sourced from collected rain

water. IMAGE 4

This is an interior courtyard and is a great example of how the home incorporated the outside in.

IMAGE 5

This is a side street view of the home showing the movable scrims for heat a privacy as well as the operable windows.

Archimania. “Civitas- Zero Energy and Zero Carbon Certified, ILFI LEED Platinum Certified.” Archimania. Archimania, May 27, 2021. https://www. archimania.com/all-projects/civitas.

CIVITAS EXPLODED AXON

This exploded isometric expresses the home well. The information to the right explains how the home addresses multiple categories and levels of sustainability. At the top of the image you can see the solar panels. This image does leave out the green roof that was also incorporated. Layer 2, 3, 5, and 7 show the different layers of the facade. Layer 6 shows the polished concrete floor. Layer 8 shows the site referenced as “pollinator habitat pocket park” as it is 100% native vegetation. Level 9 is underground and shows the geothermal loops while layer 10 is the underground cistern for water collection storage.

“Civitas.” Architect, November 5, 2018. https://www.architectmagazine.com/ project-gallery/civitas.

“Civitas.” The American Institute of Architects. Accessed September 5, 2021. https://www.aia.org/ showcases/6388117-civitas.

PSYCHOMETRIC CHART

CIVITAS STRATEGIES

17- HEATING:

This strategy is to use plant materials to minimize heat gain and create comfort. Civitas uses this strategy by preserving 37% of the site for native vegetation. They also incorporated 25% of the roof to be green. This strategy included 7 different native species to attract pollinators as well.

37- OPERABLE SUN SHADES:

This strategy helps reduce the need for air conditioning. Civitas uses pv arrays to shade the roof, tunable scrims, automated blinds, deep recessed windows, operable windows, and a double skin facade. Each of these features combats the summer heat and reduces the need for air conditioning.

3&38- THERMOSTAT SET POINT

Both of these strategies help reduce heat and air energy consumption. Civitas actually has a smart system that adjusts the interior environment, air quality, and light settings to be most efficient and comfortable. It also allows for it to be occupant controlled.

“CLIMATE CONSULTANT.” COMPUTER SOFTWARE. ENERGY PLUS. ENERGYPLUS IS DEVELOPED IN COLLABORATION WITH NREL, VARIOUS DOE NATIONAL LABORATORIES, ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS, AND PRIVATE FIRMS., SEPTEMBER 20, 2021. HTTPS:// ENERGYPLUS.NET/.

SUN SHADING CHART

MEMPHIS INTERNATIONAL AP, TN, USA

LEGEND:

RED: WARM/ HOT MORE THAN 80* (SHADE NEEDED)- 310HRS EXPOSED

YELLOW: COMFORT 68*-80*. (SHADE HELPS) 570HRS EXPOSED

BLUE: COOL/COLD LESS THAN 68* (SUN NEEDED) 1317HRS EXPOSED

IMAGES:

The top left image is (Jun 21 to December 21) chart.

Bottom left image outlines the Memphis area.

The right image is the winter chart (December 21-June 21)

KEY FINDINGS:

This chart helped calculate how the scrim panels will need to move in each season to in the summer keep the home naturally cooler and in the winter naturally heat the home. This chart also could help them calculate when the home is in the shade and will not be recharging the solar energy.

SYSTEMS PORTFOLIO | HANNAH HORINE

WIND VELOCITY RANGE CHART

MEMPHIS INTERNATIONAL AP, TN, USA

KEY FINDINGS:

This graph would help develop the materials and safety considerations for the building. As far as for energy impact this graph would help display how to use the wind energy for cross ventilation through the house to reduce the use of air conditioning.

MONTHLY DIURNAL AVERAGES

MEMPHIS INTERNATIONAL AP, TN, USA

LEGEND: KEY FINDINGS:

IMAGES:

The left image a graphic explanation of how Civitas takes advantage of thermal energy.

The right image shows the monthly temperature range 10* to110*

I believe this chart could be used to determine the amount of energy that could be captured by thermal radiation. This would help with calculations of how much solar energy could be used on average daily to run the home.

COTE SPREADSHEET

ECOLOGY

The project focused on the ecology of the site and add more ecological value to the site than it had pre construction. The Civitas project used all native vegetation. This means that there is no irrigation system needed for watering the plants on site as they survive with the natural climate. The site garden includes species that attract and support pollinators with helps with the biodiversity in the area. The pollinator plants cover 37% of the site. They call this a “pollinator pocket park” which is open to the neighbors to visit and enjoy. The project incorporated a green roof which helps offset heat absorption and also collects rain water for harvesting. The facade of the building is also bird safe. The site also uses bios wales in the landscape and is 80% pervious surfaces. This means even the designated parking is pervious. This home invites neighbors and passerby to engage with nature and encourages education. Overall the project did a good job to make sure the site had more to offer than what the natural site was offering previously.

The Civitas project took advantage of every aspect of rain collection they could. As mentioned previously the site is 80% pervious surfaces. This allows them to maximize water retention. To store the water they have an underground cistern system that holds 3,400 gallons of rain harvest at a time. The water collection offers 100% potable water on demand. Bios wales are used to collect the water along with 96% of the roofed surface routed to the cisterns. The collected water is then used to supply to the appliances. The fixtures used in the home are all low flow fixtures to reduce the water consumption as well.

Continued on the next page...

... Continued from previous page.

Another way they reduce water consumption is through planting native vegetation that no irrigation is required for as mentioned previously. Another system they have in place is a grey water and black water harvesting system. As you can see on the chart below no usage is showed for this system. This is because it is currently not in use due to code restrictions. They are hoping to be able to get a approval for the use of this system in the future.

January #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805

February #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805

March #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805

#N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805

April #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805

May #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805

June #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805

July #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805

August #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805

September #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805

October #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805

November #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805

December #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805 Total (Gal) #N/A#N/A 32,850

33,660

#N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805 April #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805 May #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805 June #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805 July #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805 August #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805 September #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805 October #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805 November #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805 December #N/A#N/A 2,738 2,805 Total (Gal)

The Civitas project takes pride in the wellness of it’s tenants and neighbors. The name Civitas itself is a Latin and when translated to English means community. This is a key component to the design features the project incorporated. The COTE spreadsheet has a specific tab for community, but I felt that wellness better represents what the project incorporated for both the tenants as well as the surrounding community.

The design intent was to improve the indoor air quality, improve interior acoustical, encourage occupants to move, and clean healthy food preparation. To achieve these goals, avoided chemical products, incorporated cross ventilation and ample access to the outdoors, sound absorbing materials. Natural light, lap pool, multiple circulation options, and making sure that 95% of the interior spaces have direct views to the exterior. The occupants have control over the environment has proved to produce happier occupants. They are able to move 22 metal scrims to control sun and privacy. They committed to reaching 100% on the metric scale for being primarily daylight, quality vies, and operable windows. On top of those goals the project also incorporated community. They did this by giving them the pollinator park as discussed before. The occupants also welcome neighbors to come spend time on the porch for casual conversations. The occupants have also supplied info-graphics educating visitors about the project and its sustainability features welcoming more conversation and integration in others lives.

Overall the Civitas project to some extent reaches to address each section of the chart. The main focus’s and most successful is the energy reductions, water collection, wellness, community, and ecology. I found it very interesting filling out the chart as most of the information I had from my research gave the totals and finished answers. This lead to more research on my end to figure out how the calculations were done to figure out what the information needed to get the final answer was. It is difficult for me to come to a conclusion based on these results as they are still inconclusive because I was unable to fill out all of the information to match the results given in my research.

A couple of the categories do overlap with this project as I mentioned in previous slides. I think this is common when a projects entire focus is on sustainability. This is a small single family home, so they were able to complete and incorporate multiple metrics to a fuller extent than a lot of other projects. I think the overall outcome was successful to not only benefit the occupants and the surrounding community, but to encourage education and change.

DESIGN FOR WATER

CONVERT INCHES OF PRECIPITATION TO GALLONS OF PRECIPITATION/SF

Part1:ConvertInchesofPrecipitationtoGallonsof Precipitation/SF

Part1:ConvertInchesofPrecipitationtoGallonsof

This exercises explained the importance in reducing water consumption. I learned how instrumental designing for low impact appliances can be. The ramifications that slightly altering your routine can make is significant. The options in changing the shower head, reducing shower time, or reducing the amount of showers. These minute changes can save thousands of gallons of water annually.

S t e p 1 : Findthe numberofsquare inches inonesquare footofsurfacearea. squareinches=1squarefoot

Findthe numberofsquare inches inonesquare footofsurfacearea. squareinches=1squarefoot

S t e p 2 : C o n v e r t t o v o l u m e ! In order to find the cubic inches of precipitation that fall per squarefootof surface areaper inch of precipitation,multiply the resultfrom Step1 byone inch of precipitationtofindthe cubic inches of waterper squarefoot. cubicinchesofprecipitationpersquare foot

1Gallon = 231Cubic Inches

S t e p 3 : C o n v e r t t o g a l l o n s ! Findthe gallonsof precipitationthatfall per square foot of surface area: divide the result from Step2 by 231cubicinchespergallon. gallonsof precipitationper squarefootforone inch of precipitation

In order to find the cubic inches of precipitation that fall per squarefootof surface areaper inch of precipitation,multiply the resultfrom byone inch of precipitationtofindthe cubic inches of waterper squarefoot. cubicinchesofprecipitationpersquare foot p g Findthe gallonsof precipitationthatfall per square foot of surface area: divide the result from Step2 by 231cubicinchespergallon. gallonsof precipitationper squarefootforone inch of precipitation

144 cubic in 0.6234 43.96 .6234x43.96=27.4

144 1728 7.48 43.959 328.81

S t e p 4 : Lookat ChartA:whatisthe averageannualprecipitationinBostonin inches fortheyears2010-2019?inches(average)

S t e p 4 : Lookat ChartA:whatisthe averageannualprecipitationinBostonin inches fortheyears2010-2019?inches(average)

S t e p 5 : Calculatethe averageannual precipitationin gallons per squarefootin Boston by multiplying the result in Step3 by the result in Step4: gallonsofprecipitationpersquarefoot annually inBoston 1Gallon = 231Cubic Inches

7.48 43.959 328.81

0.6234 43.96 .6234x43.96=27.4

S t e p 5 : Calculatethe averageannual precipitationin gallons per squarefootin Boston by multiplying the result in Step3 by the result in Step4: gallonsofprecipitationpersquarefoot annually inBoston

WATER CONSERVATION

WATER REDUCTION AND USE EXERCISE

The second exercise is an example of how to anticipate a buildings water consumption. I found this exercise helpful because I have never had the opportunity to take these considerations into the projects I am involved with. My hope is that being able to show these simple changes can motivate clients to make better decisions and overall have a lower impact.

15x365=5475 gallons SECTION 05 | CLASS EXERCISES

Exercise #05, Part 2:

In-Class Exercise Part 2: 12 12 80 80 80

12 12 12 80 80

1 2 3 0.1 0.4 0.5

Use Chart

3 0.5 0.5

260 260 260 260 260 260 39228.8

3 24 1 1.8 260 24 0.1 260

3993.6 3120 11980.5 2662.4 13312 4160 260 260 260 260

1.28 0.5 1.28 1.28 0.5 1.28

0.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.5 0.5

0.25

0.5 0.25

2,808

1170 1300 1170 1300 4,940 5 1.8 5,616 52,592.80

WINDOW WALL RATIO EXERCISE

In-Class Exercise #08a: Window Wall Ratio

This exercise helped me understand the how to calculate the different components of a wall and figure out the ratio between them. This is important to be able to calculate things like glare, reflection, natural light, insulation, and connection with nature. These calculation can be used to figure out the ratios and help solve the heating and cooling loads for the building.

1 - A building has a floor slab that is 20’ x 30’. Each exterior wall is 20’ tall. Windows comprise 25% of the walls. There are two (2) doors and each is 3’ wide by 7.5’ tall. The hip roof is 1,400 sf total. What percentage of the overall building is each component?

2 - A building with a flat roof has the elevations below. What is the WWR (Window Wall Ratio)? Calculate for each facade and for all walls combined. We are only looking at walls in this case. North East West South

600sf 400sf 600sf 400sf 150sf 108sf 330sf 108sf 27% 25% 55% 27%

Walls: 20x20 (2) + 20x30 (2)= 2,000sf Window .25 x 2,000sf= 500sf Doors: 2x 3x 7.5= 45sf

solid wall: 2,000 sf- 500- 45=1,455 sf Roof: 1,400sf

Total area: 2,000sf + 1,400sf= 3,400sf Windows: 500 sf/ 3.400sf= 14.7% Doors: 45sf/ 3,400sf = 1.32% Solid Wall: 1,455sf/ 3,400sf= 42.8% Roof: 1.400sf / 3,400sf= 41.1%

WWR total: 34.8%

107 SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS TSM2001| Fall 2021

SHADING DEVICE EXERCISE

SANTIAGO, CHILE This exercise helped me further develop my understanding of using windows effectively and how to prepare and calculate for the needs. This helps me understand how to maximize natural light and use techniques and calculations to appropriately design for natural cooling and shading. This will prevent increasing the buildings cooling load. This also works in reverse letting more light in during he darker and cooler months. The online too helped us understand the different ways and techniques we can use to do this.

See continued on next page (23).

SHADING DEVICE EXERCISE

SANTIAGO, CHILE

Continued from previous page

In-Class Exercise #08b: Shading Devices

Use the Sustainable by Design Overhang Analysis tool for this exercise (https://susdesign.com/overhang/).

Nov. - Dec. Maybe Oct. - 12pm-5pm Dec.-March 11am-6pm

#2

- You are located at approximately 33 degrees S latitude in Santiago, Chile.

- You have a northern-facing window that is 3’ wide and 8’ tall.

- Reference the sun charts for Santiago, Chile included in this exercise.

Answer the three italicized items below:

a) Based on the Climate Consultant sun charts, what times of year and times of day is shading most needed in this climate?

Nov.- Dec. 12pm-1pm & Dec.- March 11am-1pm

b) Using the Sustainable by Design Overhang Analysis tool, design a horizontal shading device that will provide complete or partial direct sunlight shading during the times when it is most needed. Attach an image of your window and shading device (from the website or one you draw yourself!).

Overhang Width: ________________

Overhang Depth: ________________

8.1 4.9 1.1 .6

Height of Shading Device Above Window: ________________ Horizontal Offset of Shading Device: ________________

c) If you are not able to block all of the direct sunlight during times that require shade with the horizontal shading device, what other passive strategies and/or building elements might you rely on to help provide comfort?

111 SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS TSM2001| Fall 2021

SHADING DEVICE EXERCISE

MILAN, ITALY

To continue, I understand the components used. Changing the overhang width and height, implementing other shading features such as a design facade feature that gives shade, trees, an internal sunshade. This helped me reduce the heat index at the hottest months and times of day which then reduced the cooling load needed in the building.

See continued on next page (25).

SHADING DEVICE EXERCISE

MILAN, ITALY

Continued from previous page

In-Class Exercise #08b: Shading Devices

Use the Sustainable by Design Overhang Analysis tool for this exercise (https://susdesign.com/overhang/).

June-Sep. 11am- 7pm

#1

- You are located at approximately 45 degrees N latitude in Milan, Italy.

- You have a southern-facing window that is 3’ wide and 8’ tall.

- Reference the sun charts for Milan, Italy included in this exercise.

Answer the three italicized items below:

a) Based on the Climate Consultant sun charts, what times of year and times of day is shading most needed in this climate?

b) Using the Sustainable by Design Overhang Analysis tool, design a horizontal shading device that will provide complete or partial direct sunlight shading during the times when it is most needed. Attach an image of your window and shading device (from the website or one you draw yourself!).

Overhang Width: ________________

Overhang Depth: ________________

Height of Shading Device Above Window: ________________

Horizontal Offset of Shading Device: ________________

8.1 4 2 0

c) If you are not able to block all of the direct sunlight during times that require shade with the horizontal shading device, what other passive strategies and/or building elements might you rely on to help provide comfort?

Jun-Sep. 10-3 South facing window - Sun shade - Tree - Facade detail

110 SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS I TSM2001| Fall 2021

BUILDING ENERGY USE CALCULATIONS

IN-CLASS EXERCISE

The exercise calculating the building energy use was very helpful in guiding me to understand how to calculate the energy use in future building with no data yet to go off of as well as building that we do not have access to the data. The calculations are much more simple than I expected. Reducing the buildings energy by even 25% makes a significant difference. This is a simple way that we can help build more sustainable buildings and or renew older building to be more sustainable by using less energy.

In-Class Exercise #06: Calcuate Energy Use for a Building

Part I - Office Building Example

Using your studio or past studio project - nd the total SF of your building. How much energy does a baseline building of this type consume annually?

Source:

1. You design a 20,000 sf office building. How much energy does a baseline building of this type consume annually? Source: Site: 2. You complete an energy model and determine that by maximizing passive strategies for solar heat gain in the winter, shading in the summer, and natural ventilation for a significant part of the year, you can reduce the amount of energy your office building (from #1) consumes by 30%. How much energy is your building predicted to consume annually?

Source:

Part II - Museum/Restaurant Example

3. You design a 20,000 sf building that contains a 15,000 sf museum and a 5,000 sf restaurant. How much energy does a baseline building of this type consume annually? Source:

=4,548,500 kbtu^2

4. In addition to applying passive strategies to this museum/restaurant building (from #3), you lower the lighting power density, you take advantage of daylighting and sensors to dim lights when there is enough sunlight to illuminate the space, and you employ heat recovery systems to capture and reuse waste heat. Via these strategies, your energy model predicts that you can reduce the amount of energy your building consumes by 70%. How much energy is your building predicted to consume annually?

Source:

Site: 112-- 1,680,000 kbtu/ft^2 573.7-- 2,868,50 kbtu/ft^2 1,346,550 kbtu/ft^2

109.6-- 503,612 kbtu/ft^2 56.1-- 257,779.5 kbtu/ft^2 151,083.6 kbtu/ft^2 341,137.5 kbtu/ft^2 is supplied by PV array 1,023,412.5 kbtu^2 is suppplied by the grid

5. For your building in #4, you install a small PV array that can provide power for 25% of the demand on an annual basis. How many kBTUs of energy do you need from the grid (which will be powered by a mix of fossil fuels and renewable energy sources)? Assume this is an all-electric building.

88 SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS I TSM2001| Fall 2021

EMBODIED CARBON CALCULATIONS

IN-CLASS EXERCISE

This exercise was very helpful in explaining how the embodied carbon can vary significantly through building materials. There is more to just selecting materials, the impact prior to building, the building cost, the other materials needed for the main selected material, and the lifetime cost. These calculations help designers and architects navigate the what the best material choice will be for the project with the lowest material impact.

In-Class Exercise #09: Embodied Carbon Calculations

Complete Tasks A, B, and C:

Task A

Find the embodied carbon in this wall.

Steps

1 - Establish the building materials that make up the wall.

2 - Calculate the weight of each material in your wall.

3 - Apply the embodied carbon factor to each material.

4 - Add all of the embodied carbon together.

Concrete blocks: 60ks/sm x 1.05= 63kg 0.133 x 63kg = 8.379 CO2e

Mineral Wool Insulation: 7kg/sm x 1.03= 7.21kg 1.28 x 7.21= 9.2288 CO2e

Bricks: 2.3kg/sm x 60= 138kg 0.5512 x 138= 76.0656CO2e

Mortar: 0.033 x 1,650= 54.45kg

Wall Ties: 5 x 6.519= 32.595 CO2e

Task B

Total embodied carbon: 126.2684 CO2e

4,500 kWh of electricity was used to power site lighting during construction. Construction site lighting is powered by fossil fuels. How much embodied carbon is in the site lighting?

4,500 x .6= 2,700 CO2e

Task C

1,400 m2 of carpet tiles are installed in an office on day #1. 25% of the carpet tiles are replaced every other year for the lifetime of the office space. The lifetime of the office space is 20 years. What is the total embodied carbon for the carpet flooring for the lifetime of the office space?

1,400 x 13.7= 19,180 CO2e construction

350 x 9 = 3,500 CO2e over 20 years

Total over lifetime: 63,000 CO2e

SUNSET PARK BROOKLYN, NY

BACKGROUND AND HISTORY

> Population of approximately 150,000 people

> Since 1990 sunset park has grown twice as fast as NYC

> Healthcare is the largest employment sector in Sunset Park

> Businesses increased by 56% between 2000 and 2014

> In 2015 the city released a plan to invest $442 million to develop the industrial

and manufacturing sector over 10 years

> Employment increased by 9.9% in 2 years (2014-2016)

> School enrollment went up by 55% over 15 years (prior to 2016)

Before Sunset Park was “Sunset Park” it was largely rural and consisted of native farm lands until it was sold to the Dutch in the 1600’s. The area began to grow at a very rapid rate becoming a major port for maritime trade. With the port established the waterfront became and industrial center for manufacturing. With the demand for workers this lead to the construction of the first co-op row houses. By the 1940’s road transportation grew and the Gowanus Expressway was established. The highway separated the residential neighborhood from the industrial communities and its waterfront. Which ended up leading to a

decline in the area.

Sunset Park has been built from on immigration of Dutch, Irish, Polish, Scandinavian, Italian, Latino, and Asian. These immigrants are what has given this area life. Historically Sunset Park has given them the chance to advance with economic opportunities. The success in the infrastructure development of sunset park has always been significantly carried by immigrants. The combination of cultures has given the area character and charm over the years, but only recently has been put back on the map as a place to “bring back to life” and “give back to the community”.

SUNSET PARK BROOKLYN, NY

PERSONAS

PROFILE:

> Born and raised in Brooklyn, NY

> Hispanic cultural background

> Works in health care

HOBBIES/INTERESTS:

> Paddle boarding

> Yoga

> Making jewelery

> Mentoring youth in the area

PROFILE:

> Born and raised in Brooklyn, NY

> Asian cultural background

> Works in wholesales

HOBBIES/INTERESTS:

> Roller blading with his daughter

> Cooking- would love to be a chef

> Gardening

PROFILE:

> Born and raised in Brooklyn, NY

> Irish/ Scandinavian/ Polish cultural background

> Works in retail & restaurant business

HOBBIES/ INTERESTS:

> Wants to start a marketing business

> Practicing sustainability and spreading the knowledge to others

> Learning new languages

> Living a healthy and active lifestyle

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT:

> Helping youth in the area stay in school, find hobbies, and pursue continuing education.

> Teaching sunrise yoga in the park

> Helping guide others to a healthier lifestyle and making positive life changes.

> Soccer

> Reading

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT:

> Teaching kids about gardening and how to grow their own fruits and vegetables

> Actively involved with his daughters school, always volunteering to help

> Coaches youth soccer

> Kayaking

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT:

> Loves supporting small, local, and minority owned businesses

> Helping neighbors learn how to reuse and re-purpose items to save money

> Organizing trash clean ups in the community

> Volunteers at homeless shelter, food banks, and animal shelter

GOALS & INTERESTS IN THE DESIGN:

Daniella’s interests and hopes for the new south Brooklyn terminal is to have a place for community to come together offering safe outdoor activities, educational aspects for youth, and somewhere she can promote her jewelry hobby.

DANIELLA RODRIGUEZ

AGE 62

” I enjoy being apart of the community and teaching sunrise yoga”

GOALS & INTERESTS IN THE DESIGN:

Alex hopes that the new south Brooklyn terminal will be a place he and his daughter can safely Rollerblade and learn new activities together. He hopes it will open up new career opportunities in replacement of the industrial factories.

ALEX ZHAO- AGE 48

” I love spending time with my daughter and teaching her about nature”

GOALS & INTERESTS IN THE DESIGN:

Ava hopes it will help spread the importance of sustainability and teach others in the community how to take action. She imagines it being the community she could start her small marketing business that overlooks the canal and the Manhattan Skyline.

AVA MURPHY- AGE 32

” I enjoy spending time by the waterfront and participating in community clean up activities”

CUSTOMER JOURNEY MAP PLAN & SECTION

DANIELLA ALEX AVA

Community Center Plan View- showing the paths taken on each level

HANNAH

Community Center Section- showing the paths taken through the building

Sunset Park Site Plan- showing the paths taken around the entire site

CUSTOMER JOURNEY MAP

DANIELLA RODRIGUEZ

Daniella’s typical interaction with the site would be entering the site to meet with people interested in yoga or paddle boarding. She may go to the cafe after to refuel. While in the main building she would walk around the gallery to look at the new local work. After this she may take a walk around the site to enjoy the fresh air and people watch. She would end her visit to the site at the market center to walk through the stalls. Sometimes she may even have her own stall to sell her jewelry.

CUSTOMER JOURNEY MAP

ALEX ZHAO

Alex would typically interact with the site in many different ways depending on the day. He would use the local gardens to harvest food for the restaurant where he works as a chef. He would use the many paths to Rollerblade with his daughter. He would utilize the sports fields to coach soccer in his free time. He would enjoy lunch with his daughter at the cafe and when he is not with his daughter he may enjoy the bar to play pool and enjoy a locally crafter brew.

CUSTOMER JOURNEY MAP

AVA MURPHY

Ava’s typical interaction with the site involves heading to work at the office building for her marketing career. When she has time she may volunteer at the museum and shop to help spread education about sustainability. She would come to the site for her organized trash clean up groups and help get others involved in the site and enjoy cleaning their local area. In her down time she would go to the site to kayak or spend time at the cafe.

For the Sunset Park building design I had not completed all of the material selections in my project. I used this opportunity to select materials I had begun to plan for and then I continued to select materials out of interest and learning their impact. For this project the biggest impact is the concrete because I had proposed concrete walls and floors for a lot of the building. I was hoping to find an option for a more sustainable concrete, but this is

was the best I could find. Knowing that this impacts the construction so greatly I think I would most likely choose to use a different material.

The other aspect I was intrigued by is the distance traveled to get materials to the site. For each of my selections I did my best to choose as close to local as possible. I was very surprised by the fact that there were

minimal options for most materials under 500 miles.

Overall I found the exercise very interesting in learning in all of the areas in which materials affect the building, I was disappointed in the overall results of my project and would love to go back and spend more time researching the more options to see if I could find options with less

impact without necessarily changing the material selection. I also learned about new manufacturers that I had not heard of. There were only a select few that I recognized.

BT COMMERCIAL CORE &SHELL- CONCRETE EXAMPLE

I used this example as a comparison to my project being that both projects are concrete based. This example helped guide me in building materials I may need to consider for my own project. This helped with the comparison model because it added even more similarity in materials, but shows the difference in manufacturers. I found it interesting that rebar was the biggest impact and I was surprised by the concrete lack of impact. I tried to search for the similar option and did not find one. I think this could

be because I was looking for a shorter travel distance for the materials. This option was most likely from a further distance. In the big picture this would still be a better option to reduce the impact.

Archimania. “Civitas- Zero Energy and Zero Carbon Certified, ILFI LEED Platinum Certified.” Archimania. Archimania, May 27, 2021. https://www.archimania.com/all-projects/ civitas.

“Civitas.” Architect, November 5, 2018. https://www.architectmagazine.com/project-gallery/ civitas.

“Civitas.” The American Institute of Architects. Accessed September 5, 2021. https://www.aia. org/showcases/6388117-civitas.

“Civitas: Archimania.” Archinect. Accessed September 5, 2021. https://archinect.com/ archimania/project/civitas.

“Climate Consultant.” Computer software. Energy Plus. EnergyPlus is developed in collaboration with NREL, various DOE National Laboratories, academic institutions, and private firms., September 20, 2021. https://energyplus.net/.

Deffenbaugh, Paul, ed. “A Study in Light and Shadow.” Metal Architecture, July 1, 2020. https:// www.metalarchitecture.com/articles/a-study-in-light-and-shadow.

“EC3 Calculations.” EC3. Accessed November 28, 2021. https://buildingtransparency.org/ec3.

Frank M. Pohole, Cacique Web Designs. “A Brief History of Sunset Park.” Sunset Park , Brooklyn , New York city, located north of Bay Ridge and next to Borough Park in Brooklyn, east of Manhattan, a guide for tourists and VISITORS ABOUT, Tourism, hotels, restaurants, art, museums.

Justice Map: Visualize race and income for your community and country. Sunlight Foundation and Energy Justice Network, January 16, 2020. http://www.justicemap.org/.

Office of New York State Comptroller, Thomas P DiNapoli, and Kenneth B. Bleiwas, An Economic Snapshot of the Greater Sunset Park Area § (2016). https://www.osc.state.ny.us/files/reports/ osdc/pdf/report-5-2017.pdf.

“Welcome to Sunset Park.” Compass, 2021. https://www.compass.com/neighborhood-guides/ nyc/sunset-park/.

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