the town´s flag
the town´s Coat of Arm
Welcome to Most
Panelaks Most people in Most live in „panelaks“. Panelák is a colloquial term in Czech and Slovak for a panel building constructed of pre-fabricated, pre-stressed concrete, such as those extant in the former Czechoslovakia . Paneláks resulted from two main factors: the postwar housing shortage and the ideology of Czechoslovak leaders. Planners from the Communist era wanted to provide large quantities of affordable housing and to slash costs by employing uniform designs over the whole country. They also sought to foster a "collectivistic nature" in the people. In case of war, these houses would not be as susceptible to firebombing as traditional, densely packed buildings.Between 1959 and 1995, paneláks containing 1.17 million flats were built in what is now the Czech Republic. They house about 3.5 million people, or about one-third of the country's population.
The Castle of Hněvín
Archaeological investigation proved remains of castle already in 9th century but the contemporary castle is a replica of the old one made in 1900 by the Châteu Mountain Friends Club, the club of local patriots of Most who wanted to bring the history of the Zamecká hora (Château Mountain) nearer to next generation. Since the beginning the „new Hnìvín“ was served as a restaurant facility and an outing place for many visitors of the Most region. There is also a look-out tower. Today it is still a restaurant with hotel facilities and instead of look-out tower there is also an aatronomical observatory and open-air theatre. The Castle of Hnìvín is a place for town festivals and other cultural events.
The Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary The Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary (in Czech kostel NanebevzetĂ Panny Marie) is a late Gothic church. The original church has been preserved only its eastern crypt and the inner peripheral walls of the west tower. The church burnt down in 1515. That year the town was destroyed by fire that greatly influenced subsequent architectural appearance of the city. Construction of a new church began on the ruins of the ancient temple on 20 August 1517. During the sixties of the 20th century Most's historic center was completely destroyed to make place for the expanding lignite mines. This process lasted until 1980. Unlike other historical buildings it was decided to save the church by moving it away from mining area. On 15 September 1975 lifting and handling of the entire building began. The actual movement was launched on 30 September in 11 hours 50 minutes. The track was 841.1 meters long with a slope of 12.3 percent. The church shifted after it continuously at 1.2 to 3.2 cm per minute. Transfer was completed on the 27th October 1975 in 8 hours 52 minutes. The church became a national cultural monument at the 8th February 2010. The building was mentioned in the Guinness Book of World Records as the heaviest building ever moved on wheels.
Memorable area of the Jewish cemetery in Most - Sous The old Jewish cemetery is on the side of the hill Hnevin towards the town part Sous. It was established in 1878 and now it is the last reminder of the Jew fellow-citizens in Most. As the most Jews perished during the World War II was the cemetery abandoned and deteriorated. In 90th it was repaired and has been added to the Central list of the Cultural Monuments of the Czech Republic in 1996. As a part of the fence on the inner side of the cemetery there is a so called “columbarium” (place for urns with ashes) and it is a really unique. This columbarium was made to the wish of the doctor Josef Spitz, against the Jew burial customs. He was cremated according to his wish and he was the fist incinerated Jew after his death 1914 and his urn has been deposited in the cemetery in Sous. Later the “columbarium” was used as place of memory for the Jew fellow-citizens who could not be buried in a proper way.
The Old Crematory The edifice is an example of the Czech individualistic modern style. It was built in years 1923 – 1924 by a master builder Anton Switil from Most according to designs of a Viennese architect August Kirstein; the final finishing of a building together with layout of surrounding cinerariums was engineered by a master builder Adolf Pickenhan. A model for the building was a Classicist temple; inspiration for its ground plan was possibly a crematorium in Bremen, built by architect H. W. Behrens. The crematorium operation started in February 1924. Because at that time it was quite far away, the town built a line of electric tramway and since 1930 there was also a bus stop of the line Most – Havraò. The Czech Department of Culture approved in 1995 a project of its reconstruction to the international memorial of World War II. The unique funeral architecture is now being used for a new purpose. There is an exposition documenting the war events during years 1938–45 in the region of Most. It commemorates thousands of war victims and people who came through local work and concentration camps.
Military barracks The buildings of the military barracks are one of the monuments of the decorative style which remained the old town of Most. The construction began still in the year 1906. There has been built together 18 buildings, among them two pavilions for officers, two buildings for the crew, a guard room with prison, 4 buildings of stables, a smithy, a small and a big riding-school, wagon shed, room for patients, infection pavilion, mortuary, building for ill horses, smithy, small and big riding school, wagon shed, repair shop for harness and wagons. By the decision of the Ministry of Culture has been the real estate complex of the former cavalry military camp declared a culture monument in the year 2007.They are currently used for commercial purpes (e.g. hotel, restaurant, car shop etc.).
restaurant Nautico
The Baroque hospital of the Holy Spirit The town built its hospital in front of the city wall, at the road to Prague, in the first third of the 14th century. The today appearance of the object is dated by the year 1723. The hospital adjoins to the small church of the Holy Spirit which was built in a ghotic style and now it is the oldest building in Most. In the object of the former hospital is at present a restaurant and there are also offices of the National Institute for Monuments and Gallery of Fine Art.
St. Wenceslas Church This little church is almost unknown architectural unique hidden behind a big building of The Regional Museum. When the royal city of Most had to give way to coal mining, its churches disappeared together with other buildings. But incredible thinh happened – communist leaders decided to built a new little church as substitute of all missing churches from the old town of Most. They gave a several conditions – new church must not look like a typical church and it must not have a tower. Architector Michal Sborwitz designed a great modern building inspired by early Christian basilica. It is only one church built in Bohemia during communist era. St. Wenceslas Church grew up from 1983 til 1989. It does not have classical bells, ringing is only recorded sound.
The Town Theatre The history of the professional theatre in Most started to be recorded on 30 September 1911, when an art-nouveau building, built under a project of the Vienna architect Alexander Graf, was ceremonially opened here. The historic building of the Most theatre served to its purpose until the end of 1979. In October 1982 the vacated building, in the same way as the whole old town of Most, was liquidated. In November 1985 a new theatre building, designed by the architect Ivo KlimeĹĄ of Ostrava, was opened in Most. Its auditorium can hold five hundred spectators, and the stage is equipped with modern stage technology and technique. At present, the Municipal theatre in Most can meet the interest of a wide community of spectators on a high professional level, and inseparably belongs to the social and cultural life of the town and the whole region.
The reclamation Coal mine reclamations are typical for landscape around the city of Most. There are several special areas like a horse race (Hippodrome), car race (the Autodrome), lakes or vineyards. The Hippodrome Hippodrome Most is a part of the reclamation park Velebudice. The race course in Most has been welcoming horse racing supporters since September 1997, when the first horse race took place there. To extend the sports activities of area´s visitors, a new in-line track was built in 2008. The in-line track copies the outer outline of race course.
The Autodrome The racing circuit was a part of former mining dumps. This special racing circle is 4 219 m long and has 12 right and 9 left bends with maximal rise of 12,04 m. It was opened in 1983. The most popular race is Czech Truck Prix.
Vineyards Vineyards came back to Most in 1967 but there are written records of winegrowing in the Most region dating back to 1207. Contemporary vineyards are one of the most famous types of coal mine reclamations. The wines have been awarded in both domestic and international fairs and have become popular with wine lovers all over the country.
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