Mining Business Africa May/June 2022

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Targeting Africa’s Mining Decision Makers

Virginia Gas Project Phase 1 Community Participation & Involvement in Projects Outsourced Compliance Monitoring

May- June 2022

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CONTENTS miningbusinessafrica.co.za

May- June 2022

May - June 2022

02

Targeting Africa’s Mining Decision Makers

Editor’s Note Silver Lining Behind the Dark Cloud of High Oil Prices

R Virginia Gas Project Phase 1 Community Participation & Involvement in Projects Outsourced Compliance Monitoring

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Cover Image: Virginia Gas Project in the Free State Province, South Africa (Image credits: Renergen) COVER STORY: PG 10 The Virginia Gas Project Phase 1 Ten years ago, Renergen’s exploration team discovered a small gas deposit in an isolated area near Virginia in South Africa’s Free State Province.

Then, unbeknown to them, there was a huge natural gas deposit that could be one of the viable solutions to South Africa’s need for clean and reliable energy sources. The country has to diversify its energy mix urgently.

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ising oil prices, on the account of the Russia-Ukraine War, is a clarion call for the world to revise its approach to sourcing and consumption of energy. While oil companies are registering record-breaking profits - beyond their wildest imagination - for energy industries intensive industries like mining, oil and gas, and power generation – it is agonising. Rising energy prices will negate the envisaged gains from the rebound in mineral price on the global market, as energy constitutes not less than twenty-five per cent of operating costs, especially in the mining business. There is no prize for guessing that the financials will indicate the impact of rising oil or energy prices.

For energy-intensive industries, this situation could be a blessing in disguise – an opportune time to review their approach to energy sourcing and consumption. The most urgent area is diversifying their sources of energy. Currently, most mines, which are located in remote areas, use diesel-driven generators as their sole or main source of power. Besides, being a big pollutant, as the current economic situation has suggested, its price is very sensitive to the vagarities of global geopolitics.

This situation is wholly out of their control.

On the other hand, the opportunity within their grasp is the introduction of alternative sources of energy to have an evenly diversified energy mix. Based on the availability and access, cleaner and cost-effective alternatives like liquefied natural gas, solar and wind are avenues that are proverbial low-hanging fruits ready to be plucked.

Succinctly, energy-intensive companies should view the diversification of energy sources as a silver lining behind the dark cloud of high oil prices.

Nick Barnes

TEAM

editor@miningbusinessafrica.com

Editor Nick Barnes editor@miningbusinessafrica.co.za +27 10 055 3356 Web/Sub-Editors Jimmy Swira Jimmy@miningbusinessafrica.co.za + 27 10 055 3356

Susan M. susanm@miningbusinessafrica.co.za Sales and Marketing Winnie Sentabire winnie@miningbusinessafrica.co.za +27 83 530 6832 | +27 10 055 3356

Anita Anyango anyangoanita18@gmail.com

Angeline Ntobeng angien@miningbusinessafrica.co.za + 27 078 322 5938 + 27 010 055 3356

Contributing Writers Chantelle C. chantellec@miningbusinessafrica.co.za + 27 10 055 3356

Accounts Precious Chirunga accounts@miningbusinessafrica.co.za + 27 10 055 3356

Art Director/Layout Augustine Ombwa Arobia Creative Consultancy austin@arobia.co.ke +254 772 187 334 Circulation/Sales info@miningbusinessafrica.co.za + 27 10 055 3356 Published By Media Icon (Pty) Ltd

Media Icon (Pty) Ltd makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of the contents of its publications, but no warranty is made as to such accuracy and no responsibility will be borne by the publisher for the consequences of actions based on information so published.

Further, opinions expressed are not necessarily shared by Media Icon (Pty) Ltd.

www.miningbusinessafrica.co.za

FEATURE X-RAY Full Body Scanning Systems for diamond mining sector

X-Ray Full Body Scanning Reduces Theft-related Diamond Losses

With the X-RAY Full Body Scanning Systems - less human contacts element as screening procedure is electronically controlled

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scann Technologies, a South African company, has demonstrated the significance of diamond mining companies to invest in effective methods of safeguarding the invaluable diamonds they produce. Recently, the company helped a local diamond producer (client) to curb what was then an endemic problem of theft.

Previously, the client had been incurring losses of hundreds of thousands of dollars in potential revenue. However, noticeably, there has been a huge change in the situation after Xscann Technologies installed its flagship

integrated X-ray full body scanning solution.

Now, management at the diamond producer is rest assured of the safe custody of their diamonds.

This is what the company has established, based on the post-installation relationship which it has maintained with the client.

to be accommodated, in the words of Rudzani Ramovha, the director, “We are talking about a company that produces diamonds, an invaluable, rare resource that has to be safeguarded at all costs. Thus, there was no stone unturned taking into account all key aspects in the company’s security system.”

Meticulous planning and execution Xscann Technologies relates to Mining Business Africa that the delivery entailed meticulous planning and execution. There had to be attention to detail and every element had

‘Traditional’ approach – challenges experienced The client approached after frustratingly noticing the shortcomings of the traditional technique of physical searches (hand part) and hand-held

2 Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022

Body Scanner Solutions Dual view X-ray Body scanner (BS16HR-DV) For customers who place importance on the prevention of smuggling of precious metals and gems, the Full Body Scanner is an essential security tool. The new machine offers outstanding image quality of the entire body with high image resolution and a flicker free display, making it an effective tool for the detection of; Precious stones (including diamonds) and precious metals, Contrabands and threat detection (weapons, explosives, narcotics, etc.), and Objects Concealed internally or externally.

GLASSES

Xscann Technologies boasts an inhouse developed X-ray Management Software (XMS) Xscann X-ray management software (XMS) Includes: Once-off software licensing, Matrix configuration for gender segregation, various access control integration (e.g., Babylon, Impro, Opto, etc.), Algorithm to ensure that personnel will not be subjected to radiation exceeding 1mSv per annum, Logging of personnel radiation data for archiving, Reports generator.

WATCH CELLPHONE

XMS reporting includes: X-ray totals by radiation, X-ray totals by name, Over quota individuals, Excessive entries, Excessive dummy scans, Excessive holds, Scan logs, search logs, etc.

Address: 6 Guernsey Drive, Longmeadow East, Edenvale, 1610 Tel: +27 11 608 1504 | Fax: +27 11 608 1570 Email: axel@xscann.com, charl@xscann.com, rudzani@xscann.com Web: www.xscann.com | Partners: www.ceia.net; www.smithsdetection.com

BELT COINS

FEATURE Tangible Return On Investment Tangibly, the investment the client made in the X-RAY Full Body Scanning System has helped the client curb the challenge of diamond theft, mainly in the following areas: • enabled detection of objects concealed both internally and beneath clothing; • Much quicker screening people; • Eliminates the collusion possibilities between searching personnel and workforce; • Provides records of previous searches for re-checks; and • Enables technological use of searching as a solution, reducing the need of reliance on people.

The X-RAY Full Body Scanning System helps in curbing the challenge of diamond theft.

metal detectors. Using this method, a number of challenges were encountered, particularly: • It was not easy to find stolen diamonds hidden in difficult-to-reach areas to search, including swallowed diamonds.

• Physical searches and metal detections equipment could only reach limited areas of the body; • Longer time taken to search people exiting the plants, causing long queues; during peak times; • Unidentified people were going into the plants and coming out undetected; and • Collusion between searching personnel and the workforce.

Identifying problems and devising a solution Every diamond mining company has unique challenges, thus needs solutions tailored to its conditions. And the client was no exception, for this reason, the team at Xscann Technologies had to identify the common problems encountered and devised a particular, suitable solution. “We highlighted different scenarios, specifically possible areas where diamonds could be hidden and difficult to reach with the

Guaranteed outcomes In general, Ramovha guarantees the diamond producers of the following outcomes, through utilising the X-RAY Full Body Scanning System: • Improved working environment for searching personnel as they become system operators; • Less human contacts element as screening procedure is electronically controlled; Availability of all data for the entire scanning process - all scans can be rechecked in future for evidence; • Less waiting time to be searched; • Recovery of diamonds before they leave the plant - subjects can be retained in the system until dealt with by security personnel; and • All activities are time-stamped, different reports can be generated with names, dates and times of activities.

conventional way of searching. Then based on this, we established that a suitable solution could be an x-ray body scanner able to identify object concealed both internally and externally,” Ramovha explains.

Additionally, the company suggested that all personnel entering the plant could be recorded, technological systems could be used for this as a solution. After identifying that the work force always complained about the long queues on exit points, it was deemed that quicker electronic systems could be a suitable solution.

An integrated screening solution Ultimately, an integrated technological screening solution that includes the following was recommended: • An X-ray body scanner for security screening • Electronic access controlled environment for personnel identification and process flow control; and • Management software that manages the whole screening environment, with capabilities of generating reports.

4 Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022

An illustration of how the X-RAY Full Body Scanning System works

FEATURE Collision Avoidance Systems

AI-enabled Precision in Collision Avoidance The integration of Artificial intelligence in cameras has raised the capability of mining-specific Collision Avoidance Systems (CAS).

A collision avoidance system at work (Image: Matrix)

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n the underground environment, at any point, there are always risks that can cause collision between machines and personnel such as restricted access, small spaces, reduced visibility, operator fatigue and poor decisions. These days owing to advances in

Collision Avoidance Systems (CAS) or Proximity Detection Systems (PDS) mining companies are sufficiently equipped with the necessary tools to manage these risks better. No question, underground mines are safer than they once were.

The Becker Mining System smartdetect changes the SURFACE COLLISION AVOIDANCE market with leading industrial technology at an affordable cost.

Sharpening precision and widening capabilities Boding well with the increased obligation for improved safety in mines, the latest technological innovations are sharpening the precision and widening capabilities of CAS. One of them changing the game is Artificial Intelligence (AI). This is based on products that have been unveiled whose uptake is growing.

AI camera system An AI camera system, which can be used either as CAS or PDS, employs a stereoscopic vision system (stereo camera technology).

Remarkably, without the use of active signals such as radar, lidar, laser or Radio Frequencies (RF), it can differentiate between articulated dump trucks pedestrians, forklifts, and light delivery vehicles, among others. The operator is alerted of their presence within a mobile equipment unit’s projected travel path. Via alerts, it teaches operators and pedestrians safe habits, preventing future accidents.

Improving safety is an ongoing process By and large, AI-enabled cameras and other technologies have made mining in underground environments safer. However, the risk of collision accidents always persists, wherever there is mining activity. For this reason, keeping track of machine movements and mitigating risks across sites should be an ongoing process.

Wherever feasible, it is worthwhile to adopt new technologies to reduce the risks of collisions.

smartdetect is an all-in-one solution allowing for upgrades to fatigue monitoring, vehicle health and pre-trip inspections.

For more information on smartdetect, or to get a quote, email info@ca.becker-mining.com.

Becker Varis Ltd. 122 Dell St., Sudbury, Ontario, Canada P3C 2Y1 | www.becker-mining.com

Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022 5

FEATURE High-Pressure Backfill Valves for underground mining projects

The perfect delivery At the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, PROEGER with the help of PACE VALVES successfully delivered their flagship ultra-high pressure valves to Kamoa Copper S.A. Mine in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The team of application specialists who were involved in the project are hoping to replicate this success in other mines in Africa.

PROEGER Dump & Diverter valve for paste backfill in an underground mine (Photo was supplied by Kamoa Copper S.A.)

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ackfill valves are central to the effective conveyance of paste backfill in underground mining operations. That is why Australian-based manufacturer, PROEGER, working in association with their strategic partners for Africa, PACE Valves, ensured that a suitable product was recommended for a client, Kamoa Copper S.A. in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Given that the backfill valves were to serve a critical function, there had to be no margin for error.

Ultra-high pressure valves The client required a series of ultra-high pressure valves for paste backfill. They were very particular about valve specifications.

“We were consulted to offer from our existing products, offering severe service zero cavity and zero dead space isolation, dump and diversion valves rated to 250 Bar,” recounts, Perry Proeger, the lead of PROEGER’s applications specialists.

Relevant know-how PROEGER’s know-how was relevant for the project in particular. Currently, they are the only manufacturer globally who can design and

manufacture valves for this specific process in the pressures and sizes needed for Kamoa Copper S.A.. The valves would allow the mine to go deeper underground and sustain the higher pump pressures.

As the preferred service providers, the team at PACE VALVES and PROEGER were mindful that the paste backfill values had to tick all the boxes. Consequently, all key elements, mainly the design, installation and commissioning had to be perfect as the valves served a critical function.

Designing and building Accordingly, the team of application specialists and designers were able to work with the client’s appointed engineering and process consultants, Paterson Cooke and DRA Global, to design and build the range of valves. The products would have to fulfil all the requirements relative to the pressures, sizes, connection types, functionality and resistance to wear.

Seamless installation and commissioning The team did their utmost to ensure that the installation was done to the exact specifications

6 Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022

in terms of quality and time of delivery. What worked to their advantage was that PROEGER’s valves and controls are designed with a “turn-key” concept in mind. This minimises site issues with commissioning and installation.

“The fail-safe installation and commissioning instructions could be carried out seamlessly during the middle of the COVID19 pandemic when travel globally was restricted. Our installation, operation and maintenance manuals are clear and concise enabling apprentices to our technology to be able to install, commission and operate the valves without any difficulty,” Perry elaborates.

The team at PACE VALVES and PROEGER are hoping to replicate the successful delivery of the backfill valves and controls at Kamoa Copper S.A. in the DRC to other projects across Africa in 2022 and beyond. “In conjunction with our associates, we are sufficiently equipped to meet requirements for any scale of project,” pronounces Perry.

Customised turn-key solutions

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he solutions offered by PACE VALVES and PROEGER include not only the valve and actuators, but detailed engineered control systems matched specifically to each valve which are thoroughly tested in-house before shipment. “Gone are the days of end-users and contractors needing to design and build control systems that then do not seamlessly communicate with the valves. This is the true sense of the word of providing solid “turn-key solutions,” Perry stresses A comprehensive range of pastespecific flow control products

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ROEGER and PACE VALVES also provide the paste backfill market with a complete and comprehensive range of paste-specific flow control products.

These include valves, control systems and instruments that support both surface and underground operations. Effectively, the company is a One-Stop-Shop for all paste backfill valves, controls and instruments.

in partnership with

Emergency Dump and Diverter Valve Solutions for Paste Backfill and Tailings Applications From the batching plant on the surface, to the final stope delivery point underground, PROEGER Dump & Diverter valves solve almost all the problematic issues faced by paste backfill system owners in the delivery of the cemented paste and thickened tailings.

Our valve solutions provide the ultimate in severe service toughness, precision quality, but at the same time increase productivity, minimise downtime and extending the balance of low long-term cost of ownership over best price procurement. The enhanced safety benefits to both mine personnel and key assets just outweighs choosing anything else.

Pressure Class / Size Range: • Class 150 / 20 Bar: 4”, 5”, 6”, 8” and 10” • Class 600 / 100 Bar: 4”, 5”, 6”, 8” and 10” • Class 900 / 150 Bar: 4”, 5”, 6” and 8” • Class 1500 / 250 Bar: 6” and 8” KEY FEATURES • One piece forged and cast bodies options with 180 Deg opposed ports.

• 45°degree Y pattern body design to minimise change of direction and premature wear.

• Bi-directional 3 & 4 port solutions available • Smooth passages for unrestricted flow and low frictional losses.

• Tungsten Carbide Coated plug for greater wear resistance.

• DC and AC Electrically actuated options for remote control operations.

• 2 designs available – one for operation at zero-line pressure and one at maximum allowable operating pressure.

• Zero cavity seat sleeves eliminating any dead space for cemented paste collect and harden.

• Compact designs to mount neatly into overhead reticulation systems.

• Simple positioning and proximity sensors can be installed to know plug position at any time.

• Valve can be easily disassembled for scheduled maintenance activities when required.

• All valves are fully designed and rated in accordance with ASME B16.34, API-598 and API-6D

For all global sales outside of Africa please contact:

For enquiries in Africa, please contact our local representative:

Unit 1 / 6 Packer Road, Baringa, Queensland 4551 AUSTRALIA T: +61 7 5438 8255 | M: +61 (0)418 606 255 Email: info@proegerflowsolutions.com Website: www.proegerflowsolutions.com

148 10th Avenue, Edenvale JHB 1609 SOUTH AFRICA Tel: +27 11 452-6826 | Fax: +27 11 608-4223 A conveyor backstop Email: sales@pacevalves.co.za Website: www.pacevalves.co.za

FEATURE Remote pump monitoring

Pump monitoring - No Site Visits, No Outdated Data, No Safety Concerns Water management in mines is one of the areas in mining operations that drain overstrained resources.

Now, telemetry has changed the game through preventative maintenance, operational savings, improved planning, better water quality monitoring and level monitoring, as well as reduced safety risks.

Cloud-based telemetry eliminates site visits to monitor pump performance (Image credits: KSB Pumps)

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he emergence of cloud-based SCADA (Supervisory control and data acquisition) for accessing data, automated processes of remote measurement, and data collection in pump station management is just the thing for mining companies. Currently, mines are overburdened with pressures on profitability from increasing machinery maintenance costs, and water scarcity. This is over and above increasing productivity, which entails improving equipment uptime and minimising downtime to the greatest extent.

Traditional pump management involves frequent site visits. The main challenge with this approach, though well-meant, is that it is convoluted, time-consuming and exposes the

personnel involved to unforeseen safety risks.

Moreover, there is a possibility that the data may be wrong, which can lead to poor decisionmaking.

However, data obtained from pump monitoring has to be readily available as and when needed to inform key decisions on pump controlling and monitoring. The convenience of accurate data can be that critical difference between asset uptime and downtime, impacting productivity.

Because of this, it is sensible for mining companies to adopt cloud-based SCADA (Supervisory control and data acquisition) in pump management.

Data can be accessed from any device (computer, tablet, telephone? any where any time

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Cloud-based Convenience Cloud-based SCADA allows for integrated fault detection, reporting, monitoring and management systems. It brings convenience in the following ways: • With the data gathered/Equipped with data, plant managers can troubleshoot, resolve issues and regain control within the shortest time possible.

• Real-time, secure, cloud-based SCADA (Supervisory control and data acquisition) enables operational and maintenance personnel to gain control over anywhere there is cell phone, WiFi or Ethernet connectivity.

• The personnel can connect information from multiple pieces of machinery into an integrated ecosystem, from almost anywhere in the world in real-time. The information would be on areas such as flow rates, peak flow times, and fuel levels just to cite a few. Then, with the information, pump station operators can identify the maintenance tasks that are needed and when they should be performed.

• Unlimited number of approved users can connect to the system (of course this is subject to their authorisation level) from any device (computer, tablet, telephone).

Massive gains There is no question that telemetry has changed the game in water management. Prominently, massive gains are in the areas of preventative maintenance, operational savings, improved planning, better water quality monitoring and level monitoring, as well as reduced insurance premiums and safety risks.

• Preventative maintenance By monitoring and controlling RTUs remotely, callouts to the site are reduced. In this way, the maintenance team can prepare if a callout does become necessary. The early warning of sudden changes (employing water leak detection and early fault detection) will inform the maintenance staff before problems escalate. This approach decreases the occurrence of electricity and water supply disruptions. Any discrepancy in water volume and pressure that goes in and out would indicate a possible pipeline leakage.

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Operational savings

By facilitating preventative maintenance of plants, and reducing water and electricity outages, telemetry can bring significant operational costs savings.

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Optimal water supply through improved planning When a plant is in a good condition, there is

Cloud-based telemetry systems can help mines to minimise downtime caused by pump failure, increasing efficiency (Image credits: KSB Pumps)

an optimal water supply for various processes.

Thus, equipped with equipment, operators can be able to know whether the level is falling so that refilling is scheduled.

Furthermore, as part of the terms of their operating licences, mines are obliged to manage waste and excess water soundly. Through telemetry, water levels in dams can be monitored

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Minimising downtime All in all, the use of cloud-based telemetry systems in pump station management can help mines effectively manage extensive monitoring requirements. This would minimise downtime caused by pump failure, increasing efficiency.

Better water quality and level monitoring Through telemetry, the level of the quality of water for consumption and production in mines can be monitored for PH, and level of chlorine among others.

www.ksb.com/en-za Your Level 1 B-BBEE Partner

Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022 9

FEATURE The Virginia Gas Project Phase 1

Cleaner and Consistent Alternative Energy Ten years ago, Renergen’s exploration team discovered a small gas deposit in an isolated area near Virginia in South Africa’s Free State Province. Then, unbeknown to them, there was a huge natural gas deposit that could be one of the viable solutions to South Africa’s need for clean and reliable energy sources. The country has to diversify its energy mix urgently.

Planning and execution of the project had to be meticulous given the project’s significance to energy diversification

By Jimmy Swira

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hase 1 of the Virginia Gas Project in the Free State is at a hot commissioning phase, set to get online soon, all else being equal. Tetra4, Renergen Limited’s subsidiary, the project’s developer, is the holder of the Virginia Gas Project, South Africa’s first and only onshore natural gas and helium production right.

Thus far, the progress achieved in the project could not have happened at a more perfect time, considering the situation in the energy sector both domestically and globally.

Cognisant of this, Stefano Marani, the Chief Executive Officer of Renergen, enthuses that

Tetra4 is going all-out to ensure that it meets contemporary industry needs through strategic partnerships and building robust supply chain networks.

Domestic and global demand Specifically, through the production and supply of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and helium, Tetra is committed to playing its part in addressing both domestic and global demand.

• Domestically South Africa’s Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) highlights the need for the country to diversify its energy generation mix to include renewables.

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This is aimed at reducing dependency on fossil fuels, as well as ensuring certainty and reliability of supply. Currently, coal accounts for 85% of energy generation, a situation which has decidedly made South Africa a heavy carbonintensive energy economy. That is why the country has to find alternative energy sources urgently, as power outages are costing the economy billions due to productivity losses.

Two factors are also worth mentioning.

Firstly, meeting Environment Social and Governance (ESG) obligations is integral to contemporary operations of carbon-intensive energy industries. Secondly, due to the war in Ukraine, energy costs are skyrocketing,

First tall structure is the amine wash to remove CO2

and it has become worthwhile for industry to seek alternative energy sources that are comparatively cost-effective. For instance, in mining, energy constitutes not less than thirty per cent of operating costs and the current situation squeezes profit margins.

Marani states that Renergen, through the LNG project, views this energy supply challenge, which industry is facing, as a great opportunity.

“We are excited about the significance of the project in the present atmosphere. We are bringing a new and sustainable source of low carbon energy which will help South Africa diversify its current carbon-intensive economy through mainly clean and consistent energy. Furthermore, industry can operate uninterrupted.“ Globally Globally, there is a massive supply shortage of helium, which is critical to microchips. This explains why microchips are in short supply, as they are used in the manufacturing of microchips. From this standpoint, Marani says Renergen is excited that the project is coming online at just the right time. “We are looking forward to meeting the shortfall as far as we can.“ Strategic partnerships and supply chains In view of its obligation, Renergen is positioning itself as a company that goes beyond mere supplying LNG to forging strategic partnerships that ensure that its product adds more value to industry. This is evident through the dualfuel concept with leading truck manufacturers and long-term supply contracts with logistics companies.

• Dual-fuel concept The dual-fuel injection system concept, which combines diesel and LNG, is a tried and proven technology which is being adopted quickly around the world. The manufacturers are seeking practical ways of reducing fuel costs and emissions with electric trucks still being many years away.

Marani elaborates on how the trucking industry will benefit from this innovation. “Dual fuel is that, when you combine the gas and the diesel injection, the overall fuel consumption goes down by between 8 and 10%. Essentially, you are improving the efficiency of the engine by blending the gas and the diesel.“ Generally, when a truck runs on natural gas, it reduces the carbon footprint by a minimum of 34%, and diesel particulate matter by up to 90%. Low diesel particulate matter is healthier for the environment, which reduces the risk of lung disease. Also, the engine oil lasts longer, which translates into longer engine life. Most importantly, the overall running cost is reduced in the range of 15 to 25%, improving profit margins.

Noteworthy, LNG-powered vehicles tend to have a better resale value in the second-hand market as the engine has suffered less wear and tear.

In general, Renergen is excited that some manufacturers, appreciating these benefits, are embracing LNG for their engines. Thus far, DAF and Volvo have come on board.

Marani views partnerships with renowned brands in the niche of truck manufacturing as a trailblazer. “DAF are the biggest truck manufacturer in Europe. They are very strong on natural gas, while Volvo and Iveco already manufacture dedicated 100 per cent LNG

Photos above show the project during the construction phase

Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022 11

FEATURE Upbeat about future prospects Overall, Tetra4 is upbeat about future business prospects. It is perfectly positioned to meet the demand for LNG in the automotive and manufacturing industries, in addition to helium specifically for microchips.

On the automotive front, there are two developments, which will be key drivers, at the fore – the electric vehicle niche market and demand in China.

Despite all the hype, growth in traction of electric vehicles (EV) could be at least a decade away. This is because the energy density of batteries is low, storing at best 3% of the total energy per kilogram of battery compared to diesel. Meanwhile, predictably, LNG powered will emerge as a viable option.

Secondly, China market has experienced explosive growth to emerge as the world’s biggest market for LNG trucks. From this viewpoint, the future augurs well for producers like Renergen.

Marani also looks forward to increasing demand for organisations in the manufacturing industry and is confident that it is going to meet the challenges.

Last but not least, the global helium scarcity is a situation which makes Renergen all the more upbeat about prospects for its business.

With machines now becoming part of the mainstream industry, there is a huge demand for microchips, of which helium is integral to its production process.

On successful completion of the hot commissioning stage of Phase 1 of the Virginia Gas Project, it will be all systems go for the production of LNG and helium. Hot commissioning entails all the necessary work being done to make sure the plant is safe to be turned on. Once that commissioning is done, then the plant goes into operation.

Helium loading station in construction

trucks in Europe, which are selling well. They have been in the game for close to three to four decades,“ he explains, adding that, recently, SCANIA became part of the portfolio, and trialling of SCANIA’s MAN truck is at an advanced stage.

•

Attractive alternative for manufacturers Some manufacturers with energy-intensive operations regard Renergen’s LNG as an attractive alternative source. For instance, in early 2021, the company entered a groundbreaking deal with two manufacturers, Consol Glass and Italtile. Under the terms of the deal, Tetra4 will supply the two companies with LNG to help them diversify away from their heavier carbon fuel.

An isolated gas field turns into a major onshore gas asset

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hen Renergen’s team of prospectors came across an isolated gas field in South Africa’s Free State their ambitions were modest. “Back then the aim was to produce only a little bit of power for the neighbouring gold mine. But as it started to unravel and drill, the team discovered more gas deposits,” Marani reminisces.

After the project-altering discovery, it changed from being a tiny gas asset to becoming a major onshore gas boon for South Africa’s energy industry. So, it kind of evolved, and now it is a ten-year overnight success.

Drilling process – smaller environmental footprint

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etra4 employs a process of drilling with a small environmental footprint. The well is probably less than 10 metres by 10 metres, and it requires no additional input once it’s been

drilled. The pipeline is buried 2200 meters underground, which means that a farmer can still plough over the pipeline and not worry about intersecting. “We drill once and then we move off and that’s it. The surface rights belong to the surface owner and they can keep on using LAN for whatever it is that they wanted to use it for,” Marani expounds.

Notably, there is no fracking involved as there is no gas contained in the shale as the gas is naturally free-flowing. It is just a matter of drilling a shallow well. Once the well has been drilled, it is connected to a network. The gas is reticulated to the plant, which produces clean energy.

These endeavours have been recognised by compliance experts. A recent rating by a company called Risk Insights, which ranks a company’s performance on Environment Social and Governance (ESG), Renergen, is in the top quartile.“ The top quartile for a first attempt is a pretty good place to be. Now we are aiming to be in the top 20%,” Marani says the company is elated.

12 Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022

*Fracking is the process of fracturing rock using water to increase the flow rate of the gas.

LNG - a safer option

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NG vapourises quickly into gas. Methane is incredibly light, relative to the atmosphere.

So, the minute that there is a methane leak, it just floats into the atmosphere, which means that there is no collection.

This is unlike diesel. If a diesel tank falls onto the floor and bursts, there is a huge potential for an explosion.

Additionally, LPG is capable of igniting and therefore exploding. Under almost any circumstances, methane has a very tight tolerance in terms of how it will burn. It needs to have a precise ratio of oxygen to methane to ignite. So from a safety perspective, methane is by far one of the safest fuels out there.

FEATURE Breathalysers for mineworkers

Adapting Breathalysers to the Reality of COVID-19 Illustrating that indeed “Necessity is the mother of innovation“ some manufacturers and suppliers of breathalysers in South Africa have developed techniques to cope with the effects of COVID-19. One of them involves the use of eight-millimetre paper straws, which are disposable, and alcohol-free wipes, as well as the use of stands. These steps have eliminated the necessity of making wholesale physical changes or adaptations to the company‘s breathalyser equipment.

A mine worker using a paper straw on a breathalyser fixed on a stand (Image credits:Alcohol Breathalysers)

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lcohol breathalysers cannot be used in the workplace and mining environments in the same way as they were before the outbreak of the pandemic. One of the biggest concerns in the pandemic environment is the risk of infection. The mouth and nose are the entry points for coronavirus to the body. The problem arises when devices have to be used for testing hundreds of employees, which increases the risk of the spread of infection through contact and blowback breathalyser testing.

Challenge and opportunity alike This has presented the manufacturers and suppliers of breathalysers with a challenge and an opportunity alike to supply products that are safe and hygienic to use. It is a challenge in that the original designs did not accommodate a situation in which there is a pandemic, and it would involve adaptation. Adaptation, though essential, is a time-consuming process. This would also mean recalling all products for retrofitting or supplying brand new COVID-19-

compliant alternatives. In both cases, the enduser, to whom breathalysers are a critical part of managing their workforce, would be stranded, and their operations would stall. On the other hand, it is an opportunity for innovative thinking necessity being the mother of innovation.

Paper straws and stands as an alternative For one of the biggest suppliers of breathalysers to diverse industries in South Africa and neighbouring countries, Alcohol Breathalysers, this situation is no exception. Alternatively, to help end-users of its products cope, the company has recommended the use of eightmillimetre paper straws, which are disposable, and alcohol-free wipes, as well as the use of stands. These steps have eliminated the necessity of making wholesale physical changes or adaptations to the company‘s breathalyser equipment.

On the relevance of the paper straws and alcohol-free wipes, the managing director, Angus MacArthur, says the step ensures that

the equipment remains sterile before and after testing. “Blowing into the Entrance Breathalyser System with a paper straw allows for safe breath alcohol testing, as the exhaled breath does not return towards the person being tested or towards the next person blowing into the breathalyser.“ Another step was producing stands against which breathalysers can be fixed or magnetised.

This allows for no physical contact between the person being tested and the actual breathalyser, and no handling of the equipment when carrying out alcohol screening.

Guidelines Concerning Covid-19, amendments to the Mine Health and Safety Act regulations to stipulate safe breathalyser-use guidelines have been accepted and gazetted. These have provided guidelines for manufacturers like Alcohol Breathalyser to apply in developing techniques to adapt their breathalysers to the new environment.

Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022 13

FEATURE Outsourced compliance solutions for mining projects

Integrated Compliance Data, Informed Decisions The volume of data to be collected and collated across a mining company for compiling compliance reports is immense and requires dedicated resources. LILI NUPEN, Director and Co-founder of Johannesburgbased NSDV, fields questions from MINING BUSINESS AFRICA on how a fully integrated approach can enable mining companies to manage this challenge effectively. Recently, NSDV, the mining-oriented law firm, launched a Mineral Right Management service dedicated to managing disparate compliance requirements.

By Jimmy Swira MBA: What are the inherent limitations of consultants solely relying on the conventional approach (non-ESG integrated) to assess the level of compliance with mining rights (mining licence)? Specifically, what critical areas may be overlooked?

LN: Mining by its very nature is a multifaceted process and venture. However, in most instances, we find that all these facets are interlinked. For example, from a regulatory perspective, proper environmental management is closely linked to social obligations around host communities’ access to a clean environment.

There are at least fourteen pieces of legislation that touch on mining operations directly in South Africa. Having a non-integrated approach to compliance management may lead to overlooking certain compliance areas and creating a lack of appreciation of the full impact the mining operations are having on the environment and all stakeholders. This would undoubtedly create risks for mining companies which will remain largely unknown until they materialise and cannot be mitigated until it’s too late.

MBA: How does obligatory ESG reporting impact mining companies’ ability to achieve compliance?

LN: The lack of enforcement of set standards leads companies to inconsistent disclosure and need or desire to report. Sadly, there are no legislated consequences for such non-reporting or non-disclosure.

MBA: In particular, what are some of the common challenges that are being encountered?

LN: Two main challenges are encountered.

The volume of data to be collected and collated

LILI NUPEN, Director and Co-founder of Johannesburg-based NSDV

across the company is immense and requires dedicated resources. Also, the ability to report against multiple standards (local, national, international, voluntary) can be hampered if underlying data is not accurately tracked.

MBA: Despite the increase in regulatory burdens, some mining companies may be inclined to stick to the old ways of simple reporting, mainly due to the perception that it is cheaper and less onerous. What can you tell them about the merits of outsourcing compliance and reporting?

LN: By having all the underlying data used in reporting up-to-date, accurate reporting not only serves as a compliance solution, but as a commercial tool which can identify risks upfront and save costs.

To any mining company, the mining right is the crown jewel of the operation. It must be protected at all costs because without it, there is

14 Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022

no mining operation, no winning of minerals and most importantly, no profit.

In the legal profession, it is common for lawyers to provide reactionary services as opposed to preventative advice. In providing reactionary services, the non-compliance has already occurred and now a regulator is seeking to revoke or suspend a mining right (the crown jewel). In certain instances, these non-compliances can be rectified and the mining right saved. However, this is often a long, protracted and costly process.

Thus, to avoid any threats to the security of tenure of the mining right, mining companies should be focused on preventing noncompliances at the root. Proper compliance management and preventative services may eliminate the risk of losing the mining right altogether or having its operations suspended which ultimately affects the company’s bottom line and operations. NSDV’s outsourced Mineral Right Management compliance management system does just that.

It must be kept in mind that non-compliance may also be a criminal offence. In these instances, asking for permission or preventing non-compliance from occurring is always better than begging for forgiveness when a fine is imposed or a warrant of arrest is issued.

MBA: You have devised a Mineral Management Service for clientele in the mining sector. Concisely, share with us the scope of the areas that this involves? And the significance of each step or area?

LN: Our Mineral Rights Management product is implemented in phases. The first phase is the audit phase (very similar to those accountants that hover around your offices towards the end of the financial year). The purpose of this phase is to audit the current level of legal compliance.

Due diligence is done of all licences, rights, permits and authorisations issued to the mining

company against all the relevant statutory obligations applicable to such mining company.

It must be kept in mind that not all mines are built equal. Every mine is different and every mine is unique with its own set of unique regulatory obligations depending on several factors such as the location of the operation (environmentally sensitive or not), the type of mining being undertaken (open cast/underground) and the type of mineral being mined. At the end of this phase, a typical mining company would receive two documents. The first document is a compliance audit report which will indicate the current level of compliance as well as provide high-level solutions to rectify any noncompliances identified. The second document would be a complete compliance register outlining all the statutory obligations imposed on the mining company which it is required to comply with and by when.

At the end of this phase, we move on to the second phase which essentially involves monitoring and oversight. For every compliance obligation identified in the compliance register, responsible people at mining operations would be constantly informed about their compliance obligations timeously allowing them to ensure that nothing falls through the cracks.

The benefit of having a law firm assist with such compliance monitoring is that lawyers are usually the first to know about any new

legislation or regulation which has been published or which is imminent. In this regard, we can assist companies with planning for such amendments to ensure operations are and remain compliant.

at the end of the day with similar objectives… to do our jobs and look after our interests. We challenge you to try and understand the other party’s interests and how best to align them with your own and it will take you far!

MBA: Your approach entails, where applicable, WhatsApp, Phone and driving to a mine and engaging with management or regulators.

Explain to mining management how is this more effective than a solid paper trail?

MBA: What can you tell management of mining companies who may think that the compliance solution may be the burden itself, given the meticulous process involved?

LN: What’s that old expression, “you get more bees with honey than with vinegar”? This is a principle with which we approach any issues faced by our mining clients. Look, the reality of operating in South Africa (or any third world jurisdiction) is that despite your best efforts, sometimes litigation (i.e. having a solid paper trail) is unavoidable, although the last resort, and with that, we are always ready to fight for our clients. This is why NSDV has an extensive dispute resolution department.

However, our initial approach is always to try and amicably and reasonably resolve any dispute with the regulator in person. We all know that litigation is expensive and time-consuming and while you may win the battle, in all likelihood you will lose the war. When various stakeholders come together and talk, we find that issues often resolve themselves effectively. We are all people

LN: It may seem overwhelming, but that is why we are here. We will guide you through the process, we will pick up the slack and we will ensure proper implementation of the meticulous and fairly onerous process. Furthermore, once the initial phase is over and the mineral rights management system is up and running, it should secure compliance with very minimal impact or disruption to the day-to-day operations.

On the whole, having a fully integrated approach would mean that at all times a mining company would have access to all necessary compliance information. This would allow mining companies to make informed decisions in relation to all aspects of the operation in the most effective and efficient manner from a social and operational perspective.

The mineral rights minefield The Mining Charter is just one of many pieces of legislation, policy rather, against which South African mineral rights holders’ compliance is measured; there are also currently at least 14 Acts, as well as numerous bylaws, whose stipulations require adherence to. The upshot? A very sticky web of regulations that’s been known to entangle the inexperienced.

Thankfully, experience is what we at NSDV have in abundance. The work we’ve done over many years, and the senior relationships we’ve developed, allow us to navigate the field with comparative ease. There’s no facet of the process we can’t deal with on your behalf to ensure full compliance and guarantee that your assets are expertly managed.

To uncover more of what we offer, visit www.nsdv.com today.

Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022 15

FEATURE Environment and Mining

Environmental Protection, Health and Safety in Mining Sites

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outh Africa’s Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993, requires employers to bring about and maintain, as far as reasonably practicable, a work environment that is safe and without risk to the health of the workers.

With this in mind, Spill Doctor’s range of internationally compliant products continues to support clients in the mining sector to reduce the risk of fire, employee injury and environmental damage caused by incorrect storage of flammable liquids. Our flammable cabinets, safety cans, plunger cans, oily waste cans, drums and dispensing equipment offer FM approved products along with an exclusive 10 year limited warranty.

We have worked extensively to obtain the exclusive distribution rights in Africa for internationally recognized brands in the health, safety and environmental fields. Our products include “everything the client needs” to store, distribute and remove flammable liquids in a safe and legally-compliant manner. We are a Level 4 BBBEE company with an extensive range of occupational health and safety products including spill pallets, non-combustible flammable stores, flammable safety cabinets, eyewash stations and combination showers.

Our range of environmental products for spill control, spill containment and spill kits offer compliance with local environmental regulations and a 5-year guarantee on polyethylene products. Although our main focus is on minimizing risks and prevention of incidents, we understand that environmental spills do occur and we are the distributors of a full bio-remedial range of products to repair damaged areas.

At Spill Doctor, we offer our clients products that meet both local and international regulations regarding the safe storage, distribution and general usage of flammable and ignitable liquids.

Spill Control: Proactive Vs Reactive Accidental releases of oils and chemicals make up a large number of pollution incidents that occur each year. Many spillages can be prevented. However, it’s important that everyone on site knows how to control a spill to minimize its impact and understand the preventative measures in place on a mining project.

The incorrect storage of flammable and hazardous liquids can cause fire, injury and environmental damage, which is why environmental, health and safety specialists, Spill Doctor provides storage solutions that assist clients in safely storing dangerous substances.

Pollution Prevention Spill Control Avoid Environmental Harm Spills spread very quickly and can cause damage to the environment; and fines and clean-up costs can be expensive. To avoid damage at the site, it’s important to know where all spill kits are and how to use them. This should be coupled with an annual spill response drill to ensure knowledge of plans and how to use clean-up equipment.

Good Storage Practices To ensure proper storage, mining sites should ensure that they have a spill kit on site and train its staff how to use it. The site should store liquids within secondary containment, store substances away from storm water drains and waterways, ensure storage of substances away from high traffic areas, and make sure all storage containers are labelled. Also, it’s good practice to check regularly - before and after any rain for any spillages or any flooding and ensure that the containers are not damaged or have any leaks.

Flammable and Combustible Liquids Generally speaking, flammable liquids will ignite (catch on fire) and burn easily at normal working temperatures. Likewise, combustible liquids have the ability to burn at temperatures that are usually above working temperatures. Under the Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS), flammable liquids have a flashpoint below 37.8°C (100°F) and combustible liquids have a flashpoint at or above 37.8°C (100°F) and below 93.3°C (200°F). These may include thinners, cleaners, adhesives, paints, waxes and polishes which are present in almost every workplace.

However, sometimes more than one flashpoint is reported for a chemical since testing methods and purity of the liquid tested may vary.

In some instances, flammable and combustible liquids such as gasoline, with a flashpoint of -40°C (-40°F); and phenol, with flashpoint of 79°C (175°F) can mix their vapours and the air begins to burn.

Flammable or Explosive Limits The lower flammable limit or lower explosive limit (LFL or LEL) of gasoline is 1.4 percent; the upper flammable limit or upper explosive limit (UFL or UEL) is 7.6 percent. This makes gasoline flammable when it is in the air at levels between 1.4 and 7.6 percent. It should therefore be noted that a concentration of gasoline vapour in air below 1.4 percent is too “lean” to burn and gasoline vapour levels above 7.6 percent are too

16 Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022

“rich” to burn. Flammable limits, like flashpoints however, are intended as guides not as fine lines between safe and unsafe.

Most common flammable and combustible liquids have auto ignition temperatures in the range of 300°C (572°F) to 550°C (1022°F), while some have very low auto ignition temperatures. When solvent-evaporating ovens are heated to temperatures above the auto ignition temperature of the solvents used, it results to serious fire hazards, as flammable liquid can burn very fast and give off a lot of heat and often clouds of thick, black, toxic smoke.

Also, spray mists of flammable and combustible liquids in the air may burn at any temperature if an ignition source is present. The vapours of flammable and combustible liquids are usually invisible, which makes them difficult to detect unless special instruments are used.

Most flammable and combustible liquids flow easily and a small spill can cover a large area of workbench or floor.

Burning liquids can flow under doors, down stairs and even into neighbouring buildings, spreading fire widely. Materials like wood, cardboard and cloth can easily absorb flammable and combustible liquids; and even after a spill has been cleaned up, a dangerous amount of liquid could still remain in surrounding materials or clothing, giving off hazardous vapours.

These can also cause health problems depending on the specific material and route of exposure, for instance through breathing the vapour, eye or skin contact, and swallowing.

Some of these liquids are corrosive, and many undergo dangerous chemical reactions if they contact incompatible chemicals such as oxidizing materials, when stored improperly. It is therefore important to check the Material Safety Data Sheet and the supplier’s labels on the containers.

For all your needs in the health, safety and environmental fields, Spill Doctor, a leader in internationally compliant products will find the unsullied product for your storage, distribution and removal of flammable liquids in a safe and legally-compliant manner.

For more information, visit www. spilldoctor.co.za

FEATURE Community participation & involvement facilitation for mining-specific renewable power projects

Advisory Providers Key to Meeting Community Expectations Present economic conditions in local communities require project developers to adopt a different approach to the planning and implementation of the community participation and involvement component of their Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) obligations. Seeking the expertise of an experienced advisory company can enable them to tick all the boxes and achieve compliance – meeting the expectations of local communities in the areas of local employment, local procurement, supplier development, skills development and transfer, and socio-economic development

24 September 2015: Polluted water from mining operations fills a dam near Johannesburg after flowing through rivers and streams used by nearby communities. (Photograph by Mike Hutchings/ Reuters)

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lobally, in the past year, there has been a launch of several greenfield projects in mining, renewable energy, and petrochemicals and gas, just to cite a few, following a recession which began prior to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Notwithstanding the effect of the Russia-Ukraine War, this trend is set to continue in 2022 and beyond. Developers of the projects are upbeat as these commence.

One of the elements of their respective business imperatives, on which the success of these projects hinge, is proper planning and implementation of community participation and involvement. And given the intricacies that this task involves, Janine Espin, Managing

Director at Economic Development Solutions (EDS), recommends that project developers should engage the know-how of an experienced advisory company in the context of mining and renewable energy projects. This sage advice is based on over ten years’ of experience gathered from the provision of community participation and engagement advisory services for renewable energy projects. The company specialises in facilitating economic development inclusion and compliance management for organisations in mining, energy, construction and other industries in South Africa.

Janine Espin

18 Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022

Non-biased party, objective outlook Typically, as an outsider, an independent

consultant can approach community participation and involvement with an objective outlook. “As a non-biased party, an advisory company looks at issues from both the client and the community’s perspectives when facilitating stakeholder engagements or assisting with strategic decision-making processes. This allows for a broader and sustainable impact approach, especially related to ESG. Most importantly, the expectations of local communities in the areas of local content, upskilling and enterprise development are managed,” explains Espin, underscoring the relevance of advisory services in managing expectations of communities in the current atmosphere by ensuring transparency.

High expectations Undoubtedly, the critical role of independent advisory companies in projects has never been more relevant. This is considering the current volatile economic atmosphere in local communities in particular.

Usually, with the launch of projects, there are high expectations in local communities, especially in view of the scarcity of economic activities, which results in rising unemployment and loss of livelihoods. For project developers, in this environment, achieving the balance between meeting their project objectives and obligations

of community participation and involvement initiatives can be an enormous task.

Typically, concerning mining projects, challenges with managing community expectations are encountered in four scenarios (more or less the same would apply in other industries). These are the infrastructure development, payments of dividends and board seats with decision-making powers, and the employment of people from other areas.

On infrastructure development, Espin illustrates: “There are cases where the community expects mines to build houses for the entire community, as well as decent roads, which are the responsibility of municipalities.” In reality, mines can only build houses for their workers and private roads used for mining operations.

In some cases, the community may demand active decision-making powers with board seats.

This has been observed in some renewable projects in the Northern Cape. Furthermore, communities may even expect to receive a direct financial reward in the form of dividends payable to households.

A common matter is when there are a lack of skills and competency like plumbers, welders and other artisan skills relevant to the project in the local community. This may compel developers to bring skilled labour with

specialised skill competencies onto the project site, which may lead to the community accusing contractors of deliberately ignoring the plight of the locals and not wanting to employ local community members.

Implementing community initiatives in a renewable power plant project can be complicated; this is because the local communities may expect outcomes that are similar to a previous mining project. They could be oblivious that different compliance requirements apply.

Transparency To handle expectations, there should be transparency from the onset so that all partners are on the same page regarding the project objectives and expected outcomes. “The community has to be engaged and consultation with contractors should be implemented to identify scopes of work for the local suppliers.

This should be communicated to the local community upfront, prior to the commencement of the project construction,” Espin stresses, adding that improved awareness is key.

She indicates that one of the areas where there must be enhanced awareness is that projects are implemented in accordance with legislative or Government driven guidelines.

“A huge publicity campaign is needed through

EDS is an experienced and credible ED consulting firm which has been trading within the renewable energy, mining and large-scale infrastructure development sectors since 2011.

Services offered • • • • • •

Economic Development (ED), Strategy Development, Reporting and Audit Services Stakeholder Engagement Management Community Baseline Studies Social Impact Assessment Studies Socio-Economic Development (SED) Programme Implementation and Management Community Trust Administration

• • • • •

Enterprise Development Programme (EnD) Implementation and Management Supplier Development Programme Implementation, Management and Reporting Social and Labour Plans (SLP) Carbon Tax Calculations & GHG Reporting Monitoring and Evaluation services (M&E)

EDS is a wholly black owned entity and currently a B-BBEE QSE Level 1 company

For more information, contact EDS on: info@eds.holdings | +27 (0) 11 447 4683

@eds.holdings Economic Development Solutions (EDS) https://www.eds.holdings

Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022 19

FEATURE

Local communities should be engaged from the beginning of a project to avoid a situation like this

advertising as communities are becoming more savy and expect to have larger stakes in projects, but without understanding the implications thereof.”

Guidelines One of the critical areas where there should be more focus is on compliance management for projects.

For mining projects, community participation and involvement fall under the ambit of Social and Labour Plans (SLPs), which is one of the conditions of a mining licence. It has broad compliance requirements spanning vast areas.

Where applicable, as part of the fulfilment of their obligations, mining companies may collaborate with municipalities in initiatives like building clinics.

Regarding independent power projects, there are no predetermined guidelines and regulations, however projects which fall within Governments’ Renewable Energy Independent Power Producers Procurement Programme (REIPPPP), must comply with the Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Codes, and Economic Development compliance and more specifically local content both in the construction phase and over the lifespan of the project, supplier development, as well as focus on youth, women and those living with disabilities. The regulator of both of these regulations is the

Department of Mineral Resources and Energy (DMRE).

Value of experienced service providers All told, the aforementioned challenges require a unique approach to community participation and involvement, a forte which only a vastly experienced and accomplished advisory company like EDS can handle adeptly.

In a nutshell, experienced advisory companies add value to projects in the following areas: • Community engagement and expectation management • Stakeholder Engagements • Baseline assessments • Integration of compliance management into work ethos/infusing compliance management into work ethos • Monitoring and evaluation of Return on Investment (RoI) • Reporting on adherence to commitments • Training and development • Industry Compliance Management • Assisting with risk management, especially related to community unrest In due course, partners can realise desired outcomes from a project - Return On Investment for the developers and economic benefits for the

20 Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022

local communities. Specifically, developers can attain enhanced community wellbeing, through engagement, participation, local content, upskilling and enterprise development - meeting their business imperatives.

As a parting shot, Espin assures industries that EDS is in good stead to handle demanding community participation and involvement issues in RE power plant projects in communities. “We play a facilitation role, significantly simplifying compliance. We enjoy working with both rural communities and corporate top structures. In addition, we bring years’ of experience on board as Economic Development facilitators and strategists.”

Creating sustainable community initiatives in mining communities

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t has been observed that in many communities, participation and involvement initiatives, in a mine’s life, stall once a mining project reaches the end of life. And so, Espin suggests that a community initiative should be planned with a long-term view in mind. In this way, it can sustain itself in line with Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs), which underline a project’s monitoring and evaluation and beneficiation.

This is only attainable through enduring partnerships with communities. Ultimately, the benefits they provide can extend beyond the life of the mine.

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FEATURE Abrasive blasting for pre-coating surface preparation

Effective Abrasive Blasting, Improved Surface Preparation Informed abrasive media selection and process execution determine the success of abrasive blasting, which is a critical process prior to surface coating in corrosion protection.

Abrasive blasting in the process

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urface coating is one of the extensively utilised tried and tested techniques of corrosion protection of steel and other metals used in harsh industrial environments to preserve structural integrity and extend their life spans. However, for one thing – coating is as effective as the cleanliness of the surface where the coat is to be applied. Thus, it is essential that the process of surface preparation, a critical process prior to coating, is thorough.

In present times, industries, owing to advances in research and development, have different techniques at their disposal that can be used to undertake the process of surface preparation. One of the techniques that are being used extensively is abrasive blasting.

Abrasive blasting involves thrusting an abrasive medium at ultra-high pressure against a surface.

Compressed air powers the blasting nozzles.

Dirt, debris, rust and other unwanted marks are removed from the surface while preserving the integrity of the underlying material.

Usually, the following are some of the materials are used to perform abrasive blasting:

Sand, Steel shot or grit, Glass bead or crushed glass, Aluminum oxide, Silicon carbide, Coconut or walnut shell, Copper slag, and Plastic.

Abrasive blasting is considered an alternative to chemical cleaning. This is due to the versatility of its application and benefits. Of course, this depends on the nature of the material used and if it is deployed in a recommended application.

Host of applications Due to its comparative advantages over chemical cleaning, it is not surprising that abrasive cleaning is widely used in a host of applications, just to single out a few: • Surface preparation prior to coating, painting or bonding • Removing rust, scale or existing coatings • Removing burrs or edge profiling on machined components • Finishing of precision parts Guaranteed benefits Based on information gathered from a survey sent to ten leading providers of abrasive blasting solutions to mining, oil and gas and

22 Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022

petrochemical projects, there are several guaranteed benefits of using the technique. The common ones are: • Eco-friendliness: Generally, abrasive blasting is regarded as environmentally friendly due to the properties of the materials. The materials do not produce greenhouse gases during blasting.

• Efficiency: Abrasive blasting is more thorough while preserving the integrity of the underlying surface. It gets into nooks and crannies that otherwise would not be possible with other surface cleaning techniques. This guarantees efficiency.

• Control over surface profile: Abrasive blasting gives control of surface profile or level of roughness. This can be achieved by using different particle sizes of blasting medium for the surface preparation process. This is virtually impossible with chemical cleaning.

• Safety: Abrasive cleaning is regarded as a safer option than chemical cleaning methods. Some chemicals may have

FEATURE carcinogenic properties and cause lung disease and cancer, besides being flammable. On the other hand, abrasive media are considered a convenient alternative to chemical cleaning. Mainly, this is due to their inertness, as they do not react chemically with the material that is being cleaned. On the contrary, chemical cleaners react and cause damage to the underlying material.

However, it has to be acknowledged that sandblasting poses a health risk to the operator.

That is why legislation obligates organisations to ensure that their employees are fully protected from exposure to fine dust and sand particles.

Abrasive media Abrasive media have different properties, including hardness, strength, density, and shape. Typically, they are available in a range of particle sizes to suit the surface finish required.

Increasingly, there is material that can be recycled and reused many times, as well as less harmful.

Precision is key in abrasive blasting

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Product selection and execution Generally, informed product selection and process execution determine the success of abrasive blasting. More often than not, failure of abrasive blasting is always down to the missteps in the application of these two steps.

Poor coating exposes the surface to corrosion.

Imagine a situation where the surface has to be restriped and the process repeated. It is very costly to undertake. Surely, there is no alternative better than an informed choice in abrasive blasting.

Selecting the right abrasive BLASTRITE is South Africa’s largest manufacturer and distributor of granular abrasives to the surface preparation industry and offers a range of abrasives to suit the various surface preparation applications in the corrosion control process.

There are several factors to consider when selecting an abrasive for a blasting application,

and Blastrite can assist with both the abrasives and the technical expertise in this regard. When selecting an abrasive, consideration should be given to the following: • Is this a once-off or on-site blasting project where a disposable product should be used, or is there a recovery system where a recyclable abrasive should be used?

• What is the substrate that is to be blasted?

Blastrite supplies abrasives for ferrous and non-ferrous substrates.

• What is the current condition of the

substrate? Is there an existing coating to be removed, is there heavy rust, or mill scale present?

What is the desired condition of the substrate after blasting? In most instances abrasive blasting is done to create a profile (roughened surface) prior to a coating to create a key for the coating to adhere to.

Other applications require a rubber lining to be removed, a surface to be peened, polished, or there is a desire for a certain aesthetic appearance to the surface.

Blastrite can assist with recommendations on the correct size, shape and type of abrasive. In all above examples products such as Blastrite® Platinum Grit, Microblast® Garnet, Steel Grit, Steel Shot, Glass Grit, Glass Beads and Aluminium Oxide can be used to achieve the desired results.

Blastrite is a manufacturer and distributor of granular abrasives commodities. To this end, we have two mineral processing facilities in South Africa as well as sales and distribution infrastructures in Cape Town, Durban, Richard’s Bay and Johannesburg as well as distributors in Pretoria and Port Elizabeth all of which supply the shipping, construction, mining industries.

Contact details: T:08600 BLAST (25278), E: sales@blastrite.com

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CONTACT US: 08600 BLAST (25278) SALES@BLASTRITE.COM KWA-ZULU NATAL - CAPE - GAUTENG

Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022 23

FEATURE Core scanning for geological logging and sampling

Non-destructive, automatic, rapid geological logging and sampling Thanks to advanced technology, X-Ray Fluorescent (XRF) apparatus has opened up opportunities for non-destructive, automatic, fast geological logging and sampling at a spatial resolution. With an accurate and detailed dataset readily at the fingertips, a geologist can take rapid decisions on action to be taken. The data could inform decisions on the identification of geological boundaries, in addition to an early estimate of the sample.

Scanning is done directly from a core tray

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volving priorities have prompted exploration and mining companies to review how they carry out geological logging and sampling for their respective projects. This is in an atmosphere where they have the following obligations to attend: containing costs, enhancing safety, reducing their environmental emissions, and making a difference in local communities.

purposes, has to be available on time, accurate and retrievable as and when and where required.

These include but may not be limited to the following: providing geologists with data which can inform decision making in the mineral processing chain, research and inspection of ore deposits, and documentation of historical drill cores in core repositories for future reference.

Hence, there is a strong basis for the adoption of alternative technologies that are fit for purpose.

Strong basis for alternative techniques As regards geological logging and sampling, conventional methods may not suffice, where the data acquired, which serves a myriad of

Drawbacks of laboratory sampling An analysis of the limitations of traditional (laboratory) geological sampling and logging substantiates the case for the adoption of

24 Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022

alternatives. Traditional sampling methods have the following drawbacks: time-consuming, prone to being subjective (as it depends on the personnel’s judgement), and fraught with errors.

Using manual means, the following sequence is followed: sample is visually logged; sample intervals selected; the sample is cut, crushed and sent for traditional assaying in a laboratory.

The feedback can take a long time - sometimes even months. The process has to be repeated when deemed necessary, which further costs time and money. Based on this, it is evident why exploration and mining companies are seeking alternative methods of sampling.

Fascinatingly, one of the techniques,

FEATURE

The Mineralyzer CS scanner for drill core scanning (Image credits: Mineralyze)

Developments of interest

M amongst a host of others, which has staked its claim as a practical alternative to traditional methods is drill core scanning using X-ray fluorescence (XRF). This is based on the successful trials that have been carried out in exploration and mining projects worldwide.

Drill core scanning equipment has been on the mineral sampling block for a while (over forty years ago), but it does not enjoy wide usage.

However, as industry is in pursuit of alternative techniques, this is set to grow. Encouragingly, recent successes registered in trials worldwide should stimulate interest.

Extraordinary capabilities, thanks to technology XRF scanning machines are greatly respected for their capabilities. Thanks to advancements in sensor technology, computing power, and robotics, scanners are now equipped with extraordinary capabilities. An XRF scanning apparatus equipped with sensors analyses

samples from rock drill cores, cuttings and chips. In contrast with conventional laboratory methods, XRF core scanners analyse samples at a higher spatial resolution, non-destructively, automatically and fast.

Informed decisions Overall, as far as the general rule goes: Equipment is as effective as its output, XRF core scanning equipment provides a geologist with accurate and detailed datasets readily.

Equipped with data, a geologist can make informed decisions on action to be taken on the identification of geological boundaries, in addition to an early estimate of the sample.

Credits for part of the information used: Minalyzer CS: Rapid, nondestructive, on-site assaying of drilling samples, Authors: Sjöqvist, A.S.L. , Lundström, A, and Artursson, M.

A three-¬dimensional digital drill core tray, which contains valuable information about the geometry and structure of the drill core (Image credits: Mineralyze)

26 Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022

anufacturers are not resting on their laurels in their quest to explore broad fields of applications of XRF scanning apparatus. Interestingly, thus far, opportunities have opened up in the following areas: • Digital measurements of oriented structures such as joints and schistosity; • Contactless measurements of density

by X-radiation along the full length of drill cores, • Fast chemical assays of samples in chip trays by XRF; and • Macroscopic chemical mapping of cut or polished rock slabs.

Other techniques used in geological logging and sampling

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esides, X-Ray Flourescence (XRF), PGNAA (Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation Analysis) and Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) are other techniques used in geological logging and sampling. It has to be pointed out that every method has its own merits and demerits. The merits are a result of using a suitable technology for the intended field of application. Otherwise, the wrong usage is tantamount to the folly of using a square peg in a round hole – a zero sum game.

Hydra Arc’s storage tanks for mining & other sectors

Fabricated to ‘‘your‘‘ perfection Based in Secunda, Mpumalanga, HydraArc offers a wide range of customised proudly South African storage tank solutions for clientele in mining and other sectors. environmentally friendly, is NOSA 5 star rated and has ISO 9001 and ISO 3834 accreditations.

Without question, the most invaluable asset that Hydra Arc has is employees who are widely experienced in key aspects of storage tank fabrication. The employees bend over backwards in delivering storage tanks that are customised to the customer’s particular needs.

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oom times have returned in the mining sector after a hiatus following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic two years ago. But bumper revenues are not a given. To achieve this, mining companies have to pull out all the stops to increase productivity, minimise costs, improve safety and reduce environmental emissions from their activities. And when it comes to the selection of equipment, these aspects have to be taken into account, not least storage tanks.

Extreme prudence required Recognising the importance of reliable storage tanks in remote sites where their operations are, Hydra Arc tells mining houses to be extremely prudent when purchasing products for their respective needs. This is given that storage tank failure can result in a costly interruption of processes resulting in productivity loss, accidents when leaks release hazardous substances that increase safety risks and pollute the environment.

Based in Secunda, Mpumalanga Province in the Republic of South Africa, the company draws on its vast experience in the provision of storage solutions to diverse industries.

Hydra Arc advises prospective clientele involved in mining projects to opt for a service provider with a proven track record in rendering turnkey storage tank solutions. The company meets this criteria with the supply of storage tanks that are scrupulously fabricated at its facility that is equipped with state-of-the-art equipment.

Turnkey storage tank solutions Hydra Arc’s turnkey solutions span the following areas: Water tanks; Solar pumping systems; and Site assembly, installation and commissioning works. What would particularly be of further interest to clientele is that the company is able to supply storage tanks with a conical bottom cone design. This allows the tanks to be used for either water or grain storage. Moreover, the addition or removal of sections and attachments allows modifications to be done according to required storage capacity and applications, besides facilitating transport to rural areas. Over and above, the integration of solar pump systems and borehole is key to ensuring water service delivery to rural areas.

Most advanced and well-equipped workshop Hydra Arc’s storage tanks are locally fabricated at its ultramodern Sky-Hill facility, which has 75 000 m2 under roof, and workshop space across four bays. Sky-Hill is recognised as the in South Africa and one of the best globally. It has customisable bay shop floors designed to accommodate custom projects and production lines.

Hydra Arc facility is equipped with state-of-theart welding equipment and can accommodate the widest range of materials and thicknesses, housing a fully- equipped machine shop for in-house turning, drilling, boring and milling.

Moreover, the Sky-Hill shop is designed to be

High-quality materials and fabrication techniques Locally developed corrosion-resistant ferritic stainless steel is used for the shells of Hydra Arc water tanks, while tank structures and attachments are manufactured using S355 JR carbon steel. Worth highlighting is that the use of high-quality materials and fabrication techniques helps to reduce costs, minimise maintenance and increase longevity of water solutions, especially in remote areas.

Local involvement Hydra Arc believes in local input where applicable. For instance in rural areas, with the view of developing the local economy and communities, the company employs local labour for all its assembly and installation requirements.

In this way, it adds value and upliftment to areas surrounding its site projects.

Well-positioned The boom in mining projects has opened up opportunities for suppliers of various goods and services. With respect to its niche market, Hydra Arc is relishing being involved in the supply of storage solutions to clientele within South Africa and surrounding areas. The company firmly believes that, adequately resourced and extensively experienced, it is well-positioned to handle storage tank fabrication projects of any magnitude for its clientele.

Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022 27

FEATURE Explosion protection

Regulations Clear On Compliance Mining companies cannot be selective on which regulations they should comply with, fire protection being no exception. Tough trading conditions do not give mining companies the a blank cheque to shirk responsibility.

An explosion can cause extensive damage to machinery, resulting in unscheduled repair and replacement costs

I

By Nick Barnes n all countries, regulations compel mining companies to adopt all measures at their disposal to guarantee the safety of their employees. Fire protection ranks as one of the areas which should be highly prioritised in this pursuit. This is given that mines have typically explosive conditions.

In South Africa, for instance, Regulation 10.2 of the Mine Health and Safety Act, 1996 (Act. No 29 of 1996) is unequivocal in stressing the onus on mining companies: “The employer must take reasonably

practicable measures to prevent persons from being injured in any hazardous location as a result of fire, explosion or the ignition of gas, dust, mist or vapour.”

Is compliance too onerous?

Clearly, implementation is not optional but obligatory. However, there is a concern – and rightly so – that regulations are becoming too onerous for mining companies to follow. The huge cost of compliance to mining companies is frequently cited. Since companies are already inundated with many obligations, it

28 Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022

makes the cost of keeping operations running very expensive, so the argument goes.

Terms of mining licence Nevertheless, this thinking is as flawed as planning to be on the battlefield and expecting to overcome a formidable enemy, yet unwilling to acquire potent weapons because of fearing the cost of overcoming a formidable enemy. In fact, one of the conditions of mining licences obligates mining companies to devotedly implement all key Environmental, Social and Government (ESG) requirements

in their operations. Beyond a reasonable doubt, failure costs a mining company a mining right licence is not renewed.

Compliance is not meant to be cheap Improving safety or sustaining high safety standards does not come cheap. Therefore, it is preposterous for mining companies to expect to profit from their assets while neglecting basic safety requirements to which they had committed to adhering to qualify for the licence. You cannot have your cake and have it, as the saying goes.

Priorities in implementation Implementation of explosion protection measures, as an essential part of the Mine Health and Safety Act (MHSA), cannot be at an organisation’s discretion. For mining companies’ own good, regulations even highlight areas where mines should prioritise.

They specify the following measures: • Only explosion-protected apparatus and systems are certified for use in a hazardous location (South African National Standard ARP 0108: 2005); • Selection of explosion-protected

•

apparatus used in a hazardous location (SANS 10108:2005); and Installation, inspection and maintenance of explosion-protected apparatus (SANS 10086-1 2005).

Buck stops on mining companies When all’s said and done, the buck stops if they aiming to earn handsome returns on

their investment, complying with requisite ESG reporting requirements, at whatever costs, is what they should bear. Rules of the game cannot be altered at their convenience, much as current trading conditions – the impact of the Russia-Ukraine comes to mind – will hit profitability.

A flame-proof tractor (Image credits: Elgin Engineering)

Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022 29

FEATURE Water Pressure Booster Systems

Boosting Water Flow Rates A ready-to-connect pressure booster system with the ability to assist municipalities struggling with water reticulation has been introduced to the local market by pump manufacturer, KSB Pumps and Valves.

KSB Delta Macro SVP are ready-to-connect, fully automatic pressure booster systems for large volume flow rates in building services.

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he KSB Delta Macro type series is designed for large flow rates with a maximum rate per system able to perform at 960 m3/h and the maximum pump head of 160 metres is standard.

The ready-to-connect units operate fully automatically and are equipped with between two and six Movitec high-efficiency centrifugal pumps.

According to KSB Pumps and Valves regional sales manager, Shaun Wessels, the systems’ Booster Command Pro+ microprocessor control unit starts and stops the pumps in line with demand using either cascade control (F variant) or a frequency inverter for speed control (VC and SVP).

LEDs on the control panel indicate the system’s current operating status. A Modbus RTU interface provided as standard facilitates connection to external communication devices.

For transmitting warnings or alerts to a higherlevel control station, the standard configuration has two volt-free contacts on terminals in addition to other optional signal terminals.

Clever operation “The pressure booster systems can be connected to the KSB Delta FlowManager app using a Bluetooth LE interface. The app shows the current status of the pumps, the pressures on the suction and discharge side, and the programmed parameters. It also allows users

30 Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022

to control and operate the system directly and change the settings.

“The SVP version is fitted with highefficiency IE5 synchronous reluctance motors of the Supreme type series and the PumpDrive variable speed system. The F and VC variants are equipped with IE3 motors. The first pump is started by a pressure drop in the piping when a consumer installation is opened. While the pressure booster system is in operation, the microprocessor control unit starts and stops the pumps in line with demand.

“When water consumption stops, all pumps are ramped down one after the other once the stop pressure has been reached. This ensures

that the individual pumps operate only in line with actual demand. If a pump has not been operated for over 24 hours, the microprocessor control unit initiates a test run for this pump.

Should lack of water occur in the inlet, the system stops automatically to prevent damage caused by dry running,” says Shawn.

Simple installation He adds that the factory assembles and tests all systems prior to sending them out, so all operators have their units delivered ready-toconnect. This makes commissioning easy and fast for the service personnel. Thanks to shut-off valves downstream and upstream of each pump, replacing a pump does not require the piping to be drained beforehand.

All parts in contact with the fluid handled are made of stainless steel or brass. The sealing elements are made of EPDM that has been approved for drinking water, ensuring corrosion resistance and a long service life.

The systems and any add-on parts that come into contact with the fluid handled have been approved for drinking water in accordance with global standards.

KSB Pumps and Valves Regional Sales Manager, Shaun Wessels

sustainable & long term

WATER STORAGE

SOLUTIONS

Pressed Steel Sectional Water Tanks Prestank tank capacities range from 1 500 litres to 4.2 million litres designed to SANS 10329:2004 guidelines and SANS structural codes. Our Hot Dipped Galvanising units are easily transported and assembled on even the most remote sites.

+27 (0)16 362 9100 www.prestank.co.za

Specialists in the manufacturing of domestic and industrial water storage.

Structa Technology is a Level 1 BBBEE Contributor, and is part of the STRUCTA GROUP of Companies

MEYERTON | watertanks1@structatech.co.za Director: Rodney Cory rodney@structatech.co.za | 082 575 2275

Manufactured in SOUTH AFRICA

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Mining Business Africa | May - June 2022 31

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Advertiser’s index Becker Mining........................................................................ 05 Blastrit..................................................................................... 23 CTrack..................................................................................... 21 EDS......................................................................................... 19 HydraArc................................................................................ 27 Joburg Indaba...................................................................... IBC KSB Pumps............................................................................ 09 Minalyze................................................................................. 25 Nel........................................................................................... 32

NSDV...................................................................................... 15 Pace Valves............................................................................ 07 PDAC.................................................................................... IFC Prestank.................................................................................. 31 Renergen............................................................................ OBC Spill Doctor............................................................................. 17 XSCANN................................................................................. 03

Mining Business Africa (MBA) is Pan-African bi-monthly publication that focuses on latest developments in mining and allied industries in Africa. The publication covers the scope of critical activities from pit to port – mineral exploration (prospecting), mine planning and development, extraction, mineral processing, storage transportation, as well as beneficiation.

Mining Business Africa provides the desired mileage for companies looking to promote their products and services to a specific niche clientele in the African Mining Sector. Subscribers are located or at least involved in projects in South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Kenya, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Ghana and Nigeria.

MBA is published by Media Icon, a company manned by personnel with a combined experience of 30 years in the publishing space.

TO ADVERTISE | CALL: + 27 10 055 3356 | Email: info@miningbusinessafrica.co.za