t
^^^^ —
ma
hor
By Messenger Elijah Muhammad
—
eparation!
For the first time since the j the responsibility of producing] of them, and the judgment of jfeft'-'O years ago to Israel. A l white Americans brought our j his own necessities ot life. So the Caucasian world. The lah ^ sffer not only includes a Pharoah; sending of an army to Missis- beaut. fathers into this strange land i was Israel under country, rich i n and people to be their slaves j they,' too, doubted, their abili- j sippi to face their brothers i n everyth. _ but promises a have they experienced so ty to go for self regardless to the South to bow to hypocracy new life v herein there is no much w o r r y over them as they j Jehovah's (God's) and Moses' in admitting one blind, deaf decay. now are. The time of separa- promise of a land for them and dumb black man into their The people tion of the t w o (the slave and \ flowing w i t h m i l k and honey. all-white university and so- like teen-agers of sixteen i f forced they live a the..-and yeafsv his master) has arrived, b u t Therefore, to keep his slaves ciety — who wants neither wants t o leave the w i t h him, he does that which friendship? They yet w i l l look and feel America w i l l soon experi- like sixteen. Such life, the other. he does not want to do—just The slave has been depend- for the sake of keeping his ence the worst war of all the Holy Qur-an says, is . . ; r : h people of the earth! . ing on his master for every- slave. praying for. Today, Allah's offer to the thing for so long that n o w , ; The Bible also prophe;. The poor Clergy and edu- Lost-found members of the w i t h his master's education he j of a new life coming to the cated so-called Negro doesn't great Asiatic Black Nation is ; still doubts himself when i t i (Continued On Page 12) ( comes to going for self, taking realize this is the resurrection far greater than that offered
Dedicated to Freedom, Justice and Equality for the so-called Negro. j The Earth Belongs to Allah
V O L . 2 — NO. 3
10c — O U T S I D E C H I C A G O 15c
C H I C A G O , I L L I N O I S — OCTOBER 31, 1962
Exclusive! -Interview With Algeria's Ben Bella
DRIVE ON TO FREE FRICA!
See Page 2
ALSO INSIDE
Mr. Muhammad Speaks In Philadelphia See Page 3
Wants Negroes To Sue U.S.See President AHMED BEN BELLA
Page
African Troops In Cuba? .sjtHS CA
M T T H A M M A TJ
Ben Bella Brands Colonialism As Major Threat To Peace Of World problems within the frame work of local conditions and they must apply the methods that will meet their particular problem. For the Algerian people, however, non-violence was not practical for the soluiion of their problem.
Admires Civil Rights Fighters In America
Q. What is your view of the Cuban revolution?
By C H A R L E S P. H O W A R D , SR. (United Nations Correspondent)
A . The Cuban experience is a rorm-whi'e experiment in the solution of a colonial pro enu It is a revolution worthy of consideration and stuc All peoples must evaluate and apply their own means o the solution of their problem and carry out what f t) find most effective.
(The following excerpts are from an exclusive one-hour interview w i t h Algeria's dynamic President Ahmed Ben Bella, given to Charles P. Howard, Sr., accredited U N Correspondent on behalf of Muhammad Speaks. The interview took place at the Barclay Hotel i n New Y o r k the day after M r . Ben Bella had delivered his maiden speech before the General Assembly. (Of the interview, M r . Howard, w h o is personally acQ. What do you consider the majc threat to peace i n quainted w i t h the vast majority of African and Asian leaders, the world? said: "As I talked to the youthful Algerian, I realized that a A . Colonialism. new phase of African liberation had emerged. This new phase Q. D i d world opinion, or alliances or aid from other is lead by seven men of unusual stature: Game! Abdel Nasser of Egypt, Sekou Toure of Guinea, Jomo Kenyatta of countries play mu6h of a role i n the Algerian victory? Kenya,. Joshua Nkomo of Rhodesia, Kwame Nkrumah of A . Of qpurse, world opinion and the support of Ghana, Modibo Keita of M a l i and the new Algerian President the Arab countries was especially important. In addition, sitting here quietly i n his hotel. ( " I f the forces of imperialism are not able to drive a wedge we received invaluable support from African and Asian between them, the total liberation of Africa w i t h i n a com- countries. I would like to stress the aid we received from paratively short time, is assured). Q. What do you regard as the turning point i n the long socialist countries of Latin America. seven-year war of the Algerian people for independence? (At this point, Mr. Bella referred to President
speech made in support of Algerian indepenA-. / would say there were two turning points in Kennedy's our struggle for freedom. The first occured in Novemberdence of when Mr. Kennedy was still a VS. Senator In 1958. He said this had been especially helpful and Algeria 1954 when we began the opening phase of our revolt was.thankful for such support.) against colonial rule. Q.'At-»the present-time, What do you copsi<4eif'-The i m The second was on December 20, 1960, the date mediate, primary, need:tvi -the Algerian people? when thousands of Algerians came out of the Casbah. . . - A . The' immediate nged of the Algerian people is toand marched into the European sector of Algeria in be afed. Years.of coloftituism at&jthf ravages* of war have mass, non-violent and united demonstration of their leftdeour people in a state '6f- poyerfy. -jfiiek nfgdtzfbr food termination to win their freedom. * is primary and urgent. It is the resporisibtmf'of the govThis unprecedented and historic demonstrations— ernment to feed them. This is our first obligation and DELEGATES TO THE United in the face of all the armed migKt of the French empire, Nations stand and applaud a* we are devoted to it. President Ahmed Ben caught the French by surprise and caused eonsternationQ. Y o u have announced that you w i l l help construct a Algerian Bella strides to podium to adand demoralization within the ranks of those mostsocialist. bit- Algeria. W h y sopialist? A n d do you .think such plans dress die General Assembly h i w i l l be hindered by any of the European countries or aided the UN New York headquarters. terly opposed to Algerian independence. by any? From that day on they knew that all Algerians were A . The special conditions of each society require heart and soul in support of our struggle for freedomspecial and solutions. We hope the rest of the world will City un- "Desegregating were willing to fight their oppressors to the deathderstand with this fact and will cooperate with us in theDespite soJim Crow King only their bare hands, if necessary. I say this was lution the> of our problems. Algeria does have special probfinal 4urning point. . " lems and we must use special means to solve it. Of course NEW ORLEANS — G e o r g e Singlemann, the "Jim Crow Q. What do you consider the most immediate and pressing we are close to our own problems and we know their King," re- who is credited with conproblem confronting the African Continent? quirements. As we proceed to solve them, all we ask is the scheme of sending cocting A . Decolonialization. As long as a part of the conNegroes that we on "freedom rides" to tinent is still under outside domination, the people ofyou look with sympathy upon us and the method the North, was stunned last use. ' Algeria will not only disapprove of such domination, but week to find that his own city kt Q. Many of the .former O.A.S. terrorists have fled to they will take affirmative steps and do whatever isFrance. necDo you believe France's future policies w i l l be af- "desegregating." More than 40 lunch counters essary to remove this problem. We are .prepared tofected use by the return of these disgruntled citizens? whatever means necessary. A . The O.A.S. people would certainly affectsuddenly dropped bars against Negroes in the midst of SingleQ. Now that Algeria has won its freeddm,. what w i l l be France's policies in relation to us if they can get into pomann's efforts to direct the "rethe domestic role of the Algerian army? sition of power or policy making. However, they do notfreedom rider campaign." verse A . The principal domestic role of the Algerian Singlemann is now calling few seem to be getting into this position. Army now will be to aid in the rehabilitation of the coun- Q. The historic struggle of the Algerian people has i n - "reverse sit ins." By that he calls try. That is, building roads, constructing houses, planting spired and impressed oppressed people throughout the world. for white unemployed housethere any lessons i n the Algerian struggle which could wives to occupy all seats at lunch trees and in general, constructive and useful work. Are That be applied to struggles for freedom, justice and equality else- counters and give them up only will be the primary domestic role of our army. where? to whites. Q. What is your view on passive resistance and non-vioA . The Algerian victory results from a struggle for lent movements i n the struggle of oppressed people for equaliM U H A M M A D SPEAKS freedom which has gone beyond the usual concepts and ty and freedom? Published B i Weekly A . / admire the activity of the non-violent moveit can well serve as an example to all people still under ments in this country. Each country must pursue colonialism. their Vol. 2, No. 3 October 31, 19C2 Our own experience has made it possible for Pufcfifhed Sy us to understand and appreciate the natural solidarity Muhammad's that Mosque No. 2 INDEX TO FEATURES Editorial and Advertising Office at binds us to oppressed people. 634 EAST 79th ST, CHICAGO 10, IUL. African Troops 7 Timboctoo 9 The^iiquidation of colonialism, in either its clas- ABerdeen 4-8622-23 iserian President 1 Philadelphia 3 Application to mail at second-class £st 15 Lazr 23 sical or veil J forms, will be the primary objective of our rotes is pending ot Chicago, Illinois. ........20 Muhimrmad Speaks 12 political a.d diplomatic action. Each country must evaluSUBSCRIPTION RATES: In Chicago 12 gU UN Report fcmen's News
10 17
(Continued on Page 14)
$1.20, 24 Issues $2.40: Outside Chicago, n Issues $1.66, 24 Itsuos $3.60.
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12,000 Cheer Muhammad's History Of Black Man's Role In Islam America over the two people, then from their God or their fanamely black and white. I have : ther, or some animal They would even lost a lot of friends among rather say that most anything is the otoodox Muslims, who were their God other than to say a not able to agree that the na- blackjftnan was their God. They ture in which we are created is ! dun't-like you and me because of different from toe nature of toe ! the veiy nature in which they white race. were created. We can't long for We are two different people : brotherly love from a man who altogether. I am sorry for your was made to be an enemy. Don't (The following are exeerped portions from the speech delack of knowledge of self and ! expect it. I'm not angry with livered by the Honorable Elijah Muhammad at Philadelphia others. But, if we can listen and the white race because they hate Arena Oct. 7, 1962. Other selections will be printed in subtry to hover over the .truth that me. They were made -to hate me. sequent issues of MUHAMMAD SPEAKS.) is being taught, you should bear We can't get away from that in witness that I'm seeking good which by nature we are. Six thousand years ago, according to the word of A l - for you, not evil—but good I'm * * * . mighty God Allah, when this world was being fashioned, the not trying to tie you in with THE ROOTS white man's world, we have on the pages of history much con- your slavemaster to make you j Again I say to you that these fusion, much conflict between Islam or the Muslims and the a member of his family. He has religious being born so numerbuilders and fashioners of this world. W e have arrived now already destroyed about 85 or ously for the last 6,000 years are at the day we call six thousand years from the creation of the 95 per cent of us. according to ; due to the fact that Almighty white man's world. A n d now, according to the prophesy and one professor. We do not have to ' God Allah did not try to further your own understanding of history, the t r u t h must be told. I do anything but glance at each his religion after toe birth of toe white race. They had agreed to hope that I don't irritate you. T r u t h is a thing that hurts. I other and recognize this. "* * let the white race rule according didn't come out here to dominate your religion, but to tell NEUTRALITY to their wishes. They created you the truth. -— — — — — - Some of the college students, them to try them at ruling. As man, the lost-and-found mem- teachers and professors are say- j you find in toe Quran, toe B i I want you to remember that bers of the great original -nation, ing today that they don't even . bles, Adam was given authorithis subject of t h e ^ t o religions is the first on our planet. I want like black supremacy any more \ ties over everything. is not that I want ySRKo go downyou to remember that^ we are the than they like white supremacy. That is, toe white race; bring on your knees and* start praying first on our planet." The planet Thgy have not" been able to re- into subjection everything — They this afternoon -— looking to the doesn't come before us, we are move white supremacy. even the fish of toe sea, toe Sky. No, I'm not actually teach- before the planet. I want you to say now they don't like either birds, animals and all man other one. What kind of rule are you ing too much religion because pay good attention and take note than their own race. They have how can you leant religion un- of what I say. Attack me on the expecting to,live under — what accomplished that They have less you first learir yourself ?' truth of it i f you want to. I don't color of people? forced the black man to bow and * * • The so-called American -Ne- have time-to contend with you submit to their rule; and they groes are members of the Tribe here ,tt}is afternoon. We, I say, j I want .you to know that we have trained and made wild aniof Shabazz, scientist who went wei-ejpqfpre the earth. We could werfe-toe supreme rulers for mil- mals and sea life submit to their into what was then known as the not. claimeTtJitBelves as being the ; lions, and billions of years. The rule. jungles of East - Afriea . 50,000 creators of the universe "— " the j white people who tell my people Everything has submitted to years ago. There he took" his Sun. .Moon., had Stars and the j that I'm ..teaching Wack suprerrt-J them except the "God of heaven family and started a civilizatidip Earth—if \ve;~fiqa^:been_cJeated"t acy,- do that Tit order to make you j and a circle of scientists left to after his own desires. He dis- after thie e rth: TJ^eartSf'-Wold- dislike'toe. principles I'm teach- start a new world for toe black agreed with the other 23 seien- ei" than^c I claimsto be lie mas- ing from God, and make yob mgn. tists and went for himself to ter. think you are headed for trouble. I- hope that 'you won't think prove what he thought was necThey think it is something of a hard of me for digging into these essary for you and I to know, j ISLAM crime wheal we say that the black roots pulled up out of toe dark to The same as Yacob wanted to ! Islam is as old as God Him- man is supreme ruler. This I show you yourself. ". prove to his people when he self. Islam is not an organized want you to remember: Long, i * *• * went out to produce or graft religion. I t is the religion that long, long before toe white man ; ORDINAL LAW the Caucasion race. goes to the very nature of God was ever thought of, we were The original man, toe first and and of his people. I t is the na- ruling — not only this earth but the last. Go to Africa and Asia, EXPERIMENT everything in toe universe. Our tural religion of God and his We, the nation of Islam, the you won't find anyone running .-tattoa- of righteousness, the na- people, so says the Holy Quran fathers are the makers and fash- around there preaching toe end tion of peace, have always ex- 32:30. How do we say that it is ioners of toe universe. of the world. They don't have • *« perimented on this and that. not? If we are from toe first fathat particular nature to say that ther or toe creator of toe U n i That is why we know that we YACOB such and such a time that we are the greatest and the wisest verse, whatever his nature is black people in Africa and Asia We have been here a long, people in the universe. In our then we are that. If his nature long time. It was a black man will be destroyed by God. No, study of life on other planets, we w a s evjX, we are evil people. If it is Europe, it is America. don't find them experimenting h i s n a t u r e w a s G o o ( J w e by toe name of Yacob who years Christian people preach the end ago grafted the white race out of among themselves. Therefore, we of the world. It is those people us. They are from us. They have for whom the end has been set are toe wisest people in toe good people. There is much confusion over tried to cover their birth and —that time was limited to live Sun. The so-called Negro the black i what has been revealed in their father and mother by say- on our planet earth when they ing that they came from sea life, were created. Tt is toe white race
Applies Prophesy
To Today's World
Says Africa's 'White Settlers' States Kept In Power By NATO
UNITED NATIONS, N.Y.— Ghana told the United Nations that i t is the North A t lantic Treaty Organization countries—in which the United States is the dominant power — supplying South Africa w i t h the military equipment used to suppress and oppress its black African majority. I t is N A T O which is keeping White Supremacy i n power i n the still imperialist-dominated sections of Africa. The Ghananian charges paralleled similar charges that N A T O arms are used against black inhabitants of Portugaldominated Angola and Mozambique.
Mr. J. E. Jantuah, Ghana's spokesman, made his charges before the General Assembly's Special Political Committee during a debate on South A f rica's policy of apartheid (white supremacy). Mr. Jantuah presented a proposal backed by 46 other nations — that the United Nations be urged to impose diplomatic and economic sanctions on South Africa. The proposal maintains that the U N Assembly is responsible for taking steps to secure "human rights and fundamental freedoms" i n South Africa.
ELIJAH MUHAMMAD that has a certain time to live and that is 6,000 years and toe black people have no begining on our planet. That is why we don't have a birth record and we have no ending. I say you cannot destroy us all. We always have one among us who is waiting for you to do just such an evil act, and that will be the end of you. The judgement of this world is so close, I am forced to tell you what I'm telling you.. »
#"»
MISSISSIPPI The black man of America is (Continued on Page 4)
I
HONORABLE ELIJAH M U HAMMAD and his entourage arrive at the airport in Philadelshia for the Muslim rally held
in toe Arena, Oct 7. Coming down the ramp (left to right) are Warren X Polk, John 21X Garrison. Herbert Muhammad, The
Messenger. Melvin 2X Harris, Louis 3X Carr, Capt. Raymond Sharrieff and Mrs. Ethel Sharrieff.
Says God, Hell, Heaven On Earth
ated to be the enemy, of God, of truth and justice, and those who so dumb and so helpless that he believe in the God of Truth and is a prey in the hands of white Justice. people. He is easy to forget his We, the Muslims here i n your own h u r t The white man can midsts—we believe in freedom, kill his own family today and to- justice and equality, and " the morrow he will shake hands God and prophets and the scripwith him. He has been made a tures which God gave to those coward. He is so submissive prophets. We belive in Jesus, we and so dumb and ignorant that- believe i n Abraham, Moses and the white man can use him for the scriptures that they brought anything he wants. They want to the people. We don't believe the white man's friendship and that Jesus Is any more the son they have been working for i t of God than the people of God. for four hundred years and they This is the scandal they have are just as far from it as they made you believe which is other were four hundred years ago. than the truth—that some spook Look in Mississippi today. went around Mary and talked to Look in Philadelphia, look in her and after the spook left her, Chicago, in New York City — she started to become pregnant. look in all cities in America and This -is the basis of the Chrisyou w i l l find your brother's head tian belief that there was m i bleeding with knocks on it from raculous birth and death of Jepolice brutality and from any sus. I say, my beloved black peowhite man who wants to beat ple, cut out tjjat—that is all false. Joseph was the father of Jehim up. Now, today, under this hypo- sus. critical integration, it is the No spook can get flesh and white man's desire to succeed- blood, and his mother bore him in pretending that he is your in pain like all other mothers. friend and that he wants you to He had to go nine months like enter his society. Why? Because every one else before he was he hears Allah's name being born, and he died the death like mentioned here. They don't want any other man. You say that he you to come to Allah. They don't rose from the dead — that is want you to believe in Islam. something that you don't underThey are against Islam. They are { s t a n d If he rose from the dead against Allah. They never did and became a man again, why teach your parents and mine haven't you and I seen him? For anything of Islam. He didn't two thousand years we have not teach our parents their own re- met up with that man. You say ligion. Three hundred years our he went to heaven. parents were under the lash and What kind of heaven? He burden of slavery and they were didn't come from anything but deprived of the knowledge of the earth, and if he was going God, Scriptures. They depriv- back to heaven he went back to ed our fathers of reading, which the earth. He didn't come from is the art that is used to convey no other planet. There is no our ideas to others. other planet that you and I can Less than a hundred years ago live on or be bom on. If you are he permited you to go to church, bom on -toe earth, he can't go or rather a church to yourself, to any other planet to live. This and you have been segregated to Is foolishness. There is no such yourself eyer since. Now today thing as a Jesus or God sitting he says let us take him into our on another planet looking at you society. We are watching you. and L The God is here on this We know what you want to do earth. This is heaven and this with him. You want to take him is hell. Hell and heaven are not to hell with you. certain p l a c e s or particular places. They are the condition of I say the white race was ere- our life. We make heaven. (Continued from Page
Jamaica Urges UN To Set One Year For Human Rights Drive
SPEAK OCT. 7
. SUN 2 P*
THIS WAS THE scene i n front into the auditorium. Some stood Muhammad and his party. The of Philadelphia's Arena on Sun- on the sidewalk to watch the Messengers 4fcallenging subject day, Oct. 7, as people were filing arrival of the Honorable Elijah was "Islam V.«C Christianity."
Charges NLRB Ruling O k s Anti-Union Racist Appeal NEW YORK — New York writer Fred Langley ripped a ruling by the National Labor Relations Board that "legalized" the use of race hatred by management in its war against unions. Langley said the companies have been labeling unions "nigger lovers" and inciting "backward white workers—whom they have made . backward—into a racist frenzy so the workers will go against their own interests and reject union organization." The writer declared this v i cious type of anti-union campaign has been legalized—"just so long as it is done with good English and proper 'moderation.' Part of NLRB Ruling "In its ruling the Board stated: . . " 'So long, therefore, as a party limits itself to truthfully setting forth another party's position on matters of racial i n terest and does not deliberately
seek overstress and exacerbate racial feeling by irrelevant and inflammatory appeals, we shall not set aside an election. . .' " I n ether words," Langley continued, "under the guise of stopping Irrelevant' and 'untruthful' racist arguments, the Board declared legal the right of a boss to use 'moderate racism against the union." Accusing toe NLRB of toe "phony technique of giving an inch to take a yard." toe writer observed that the Board becomes an ally of "white supremacist bosses in their fight to chain toe workers to the system of exploitation. Race-Hate Propaganda "The Southern ruling class puts out a constant stream of race-hate propaganda," he stated, "to set white workers against black workers in order to keep
them from organizing against their class enemy. "Now the Labor Board has ruled that it is legal for the bosses to appeal to toe feelings of hatred which they stir up every day, by 'setting forth another party's (the union's) position on matters of racial i n terest. . .' Langley charged that as a result of the "anti-union ruling" toe Board "is trying to make sure that the bosses will be able -to. keep finding the cheap labor they need in order to keep their super-profits." The writer concludes optimistically by asserting that "classconscious workers will not be fooled by this deception. They will aim their guns, not against their class brothers, but against their real enemies—the racist, exploiting class."
U N I T E D N A T I O N S — Jamaica's policy statement i n the General Assembly last week contained a proposal for the esVIGILANTE Group formed tablishment of an international year for human lights. SALISBURY — (ANP) — H i e Jamaica's representative Hugh , — • B I R M I N G H A M , Ala.—The richest Negro local Lodge i n the formation of vigilante groups has Shearer asserted that such a pro- admitted to toe United Nagram could produce human gains tions at toe current Asembly world is the Alabama Prince H a l l Grand Lodge where auditors become the vogue among A f r i equal to the scientific achieve- session, Mr, Shearer said his have just reported total assets of $4,631,134.36. A n d this sum is cans in Southern Rhodesia. The ments that resulted from the 18- newly independent c o u n t r y entirely debt free. drive has been launched to promonth International Geophysical would bring "one more voice of The nearly 6 million in assets lodges. vide protection against political Year of 1957-58. sane reason and moderation" to puts this Alabama lodge far ITEMIZED intimidation, terrorism and track The object of the internation- the world organization. The auditor itemized the assets ' down fire-raisers. One such ahead of the 21 other Prince Hall al year for human rights would of the Alabama Grand Lodge be the pooling of talent, experigroup, composed mainly of A f r i as follows: ence and knowledge to help Jamaica Denies Asylum To N.Y. Negro Who can trade unionists, was formed $174,116.82—cash on hand. translate democratic ideals into i after TUC leader Reuben Jamela $3,768,708.66—investments. practical action, Mr. Shearer was rough-handled. $870.65—receivables. Ran For President Of U.S. On Afro Ticket said. He added: $1,502.47—prepaid insurance. KINGSTON, Jamaica — The his work for racial integration. "If the world can benefit, as , TaHedega College, $150. $698,726—real estate and it did, from an international Rev. Clennon King, a New York Elected officers of toe grand King, dismissed as history promoveable equipment. geophysical year — and many of Negro pastor who stood as Afro- fessor by Alcorn, Miss., Negro lodge include: Charles V. HendThe Lodge's scholarship comthe spectacular achievements American party candidate in toe agricultural and mining college ley, Montgomery, grand master; mittee showed that a total of 1960 Presidential elections, has we are now witnessing are a after a 1958 student boycott, said H. Council Trenhoim, Montgomdirect result of the effort — been refused political asylum in he has been ares ted 13 times, $11,884.76 had been paid for stuery, deputy grand master; E u dents in the following schools then surely we may expect that Jamaica. separated from his family and gene M . Wynn, Tuskegee, senior and colleges: out of a world-wide human threatened with death by white King, who came to Jamaica for grand warden; J. Q. Pinckney, Ala. State College, $6,751.46. rights campaign there might the independence celebrations in persons. Mobils, junior grand warden; R. Ala. A & M College, $1,150. come some equally spectacular August, asked for asylum here Home Affairs Minister Roy ; - ps in man's relationship to because of "insidious persecu- McNeil refused his request, sayD. Nesbitt, Montgomery, grand Selma University, $900. Stillman College, $600. secretary; Charles F. Guice, Clio, tion and official harassment" i n ing that King's case was not one Stillman Institute, $1,600. grand treasurer. P.O. Box'ca had been the United States arising from that qualified him for asylum.
Alabama Masons With $5 Million
M U H A M M A D
OCTOBER 31, 1962
SPEAKS
Urges Negroes S u e U.S. For 4 0 0 Y e a r s Slavery Baptist Clergyman Says Scientists Who .Study Race Differences 'More American Blast Alabama's Race Theory As Phoney Negroes Than Most Whites
NEW YORK — Scientific societies throughout America last week blasted as a dangerous farce the Hitler-like theory advanced by the professor paid by the State of Alabama to come up with a theory of "racial superiority." Dr. Morton H. Friend, professor of Anthopology at Columbia University declared flatly that the "open letter to President Kennedy" published recently by the race supremacy group was "false" and pointed out that both the two professional associations in the United States whose memberships comprise almost all the qualified scientists whose work is in the area of racial differences had strongly condemned such theories. Dr. Friend pointed out that on Nov. 17, 1961, the American A n thropological Association h a d adopted by unamimous vote (1960) the following resqjpluon; - "The American Arimropological
Association repudiates statements now appearing in the United States that Negroes are biologically and in innate mental ability inferior to whites, and reaffirms the fact that there is no scientifically established evidence to justify the exclusion of any race from the rights guranteed by the Constitution of the United States. The basic principles of equality of opportunity and equality before the law are compatible with all that is known about human biology. A l l races possess the abilities needed to participate fully in the democratic way of life and in modern technological civilization."-
Also, the American Association of Physical Anthropologists had adopted the following resolution at their 31st annual meeting: RESOLUTION CITED The American Association of Physical Anthropologists adopted the following resolution at their
31st annual meeting, April 30May 2 of this year: "We, the members of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists professionally concerned with the differences in man, deplore the misuse of science to advocate racism. We condemn such writings as "Race and Reason' that urge the denial of basic rights to human beings. "We sypmathize with those of our fellow teachers who have been forced by misguided officials to teach race concepts that have no scientific foundation, and we affirm, as we have in the past, that there is nothing in science that justifies the denial of opportunities or rights to any group by virtue of race."' These unequivocal statements are publicly recorded expressions of current scientific thinking in the matter of race.
Alabama Paid $ 3 , 0 0 0 For Scientific' Study To 'Prove' Negro 'Inferior'
Author of the study. Dr. W. M O N T G O M E R Y , A l a . — For $3,000, the state of Alabama George, a controversial got a "scientific" study showing that Negroes are inherently C. emeritus professor at the inteinferior to whites. grated University of North Carolina, said that he expected that "they'll murder me when I get back to the campus at North S E W I N G M A C H I N E Carolina." SERVICE In his study, George seeks to back up his contention that NeRENTALS $6.00 MONTH groes are inferior to whites in • REPAIRS ON AMERICAN & FOREIGN MACHINES creating and maintaining "civili• OLD PEDAL MACHINES MADE INTO ELECTRIC zation of the types found in the • 20 YEARS EXPERIENCE modern western world." • ALL WORK GUARANTEED "AVAILABLE" • CITY-WIDE SERVICE Aware that his "scientific" paper is grist for the mills. of BILLY WILLIAMS - BU. 8-2083 die hard segregationists, the reCHICAGO, ILLINOIS tired professor announced that
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LOS A N G E L E S , Calif. — The Rev. Harold W. Bynum, noted "baptist minister declared here that he : pported the proposal of the Honorable Elijah Muhammad for "tax exemptions" for oppressed Negroes i n America and urged backpay suit against the Federal Government for 400 years of slave labor. " I t is my firm belief that i f the freedom that we en; The. minister pointed. : _ • the Indians can sue the federal that "Since we are half slaves government and secure a judgand half free, my suggestion ment for the illegal appropria- was that we be allowed a 50 tion of their land," the Rev. per cent exemption." Bynum said, "The Negro Rev. B y n u m asserted that should file a suit against the he could lay claims to being government for payment* for "more American" than most of the 'white Americans' inas400 years of involuntary servimuch as his ancestry reflected tude." a cross-section of all peoples i n the land, including the A m e r i ON T A X E X E M P T I O N S The clergyman, who serves can Indian. His proposal continued i n a as assistant pastor of one of the largest Baptist congrega- letter to Muhammad's Mosque tions i n California, asserted of Islam No. 2. I t was provokthat "The wealth of this na- ed, he said, by reading his first tion stems from the fact that, copy of Muhammad Speaks. in its infancy, it became f i r m - " I was surprised at the intellily established because of the gence that it reflected," he enslavement of the Negro peo- commented. " I t has been my policy, in ple." the past, to ignore all ex"Many years ago I advocattremes, whether they be in reed tax exemptions for Ne- ligion, politics, racisms or groes," he said. " I suggested whatnot," he commented. "For that we be taxed according to this reason I have consistantly refused to purchase any of he is available as a speaker or as your literature. "The copy of Muhammad a witness at White Citizen Council rallies or at court trials where Speaks was given to me or I his ^testimony will help prevent would have continued to remain i n ignorance of your the spread of integration. movement," he said. The study for which the state W A N T S SUIT F I L E D paid S3.000 was presented to Gov. "File a suit against the fedNominate George C. Wallace. It eral government on the is expected that excerpts from it grounds that we have served will be frequently used by the it, without pay, for four hunstate in its efforts to show that dred years and still we do not whites suffer as a result of racial enjoy equality after one hundred years of so-called "Freeintegration. George said tests .made i n dom," the clergyman said. Meanwhile, full support for schools and by the Army indicate that only 10 to 20 per cent the proposal advanced by the Honorable Elijah Muhammad of the Negroes examined exceedon tax exemptions for Negroes ed the whites' intelligent median. continued to grow as Negro The same tests, he said, showed leaders asserted their expressthat six times as many Negroes ed dissatisfaction w i t h the conexamined were, in the feeble- tinued "taxation without repminded category. resentation" policy of the federal government. Mr. Muhammad's call for tax exemption was first made in his historic McCormick Hall address i n Chicago when he put forth his 10-point program: "What the Muslims Want." I n point 8 of that program, :m TV Ml Is wosdcrf. i l ceter. S e s a Utlsssl COyear LORV .TV Slier i M r . Muhammad said: "We rlghl srer glata ...latlaatly cpicture! hanger dull dreary Slerye-ltlllag et and waealsrs. la— ... want the government of the la arllllaal, l»ch It roaraclf la a fewill w acreally coAdr cTaeiw fatally, y s u r frleads sy. year IdS awe United States to exempt our cardarlng. olor effects. Manilas s e e s a w a i a w w aconercarreer, Par soare tiaaa ^?"Y fuL people from all taxation as plus C O DSensdadonpettier Onty j long as we are deprived of *22- « j equal justice under the laws of SUPERIOR PRODUCTS, •spt.MC I e* CAST tin, «T.. New TORK ». H. r. » the land." .MONiT MM MMANTJC if** YOURS FOR HOSPITALITY
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M U H A M M A D SPEAKS
SCIENCE
OCTOBER 31, 1962
S c i e n c e
AND
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G r a n n y ' s
B l o o d - S t o p p i n g
World All One Piece?
A i d s
WASHINGTON — normally carry a positive ionic When Grandpa suggested spider charge, be neutral or have no webs and Grandpa reached for ] more than a feeble negative his plug of chewing tobacco in ; charge, to keep the blood floworder to stop the bleeding of a ing and prevent internal clotting. wound, toey were, without reaDr. Hubbard said toe success of lizing it, applying the principle implants of replacements of parts of ionic charges. of the circulatory system depend Science just now is discover- upon the ionic nature of toe maflourished in now-frozen Ant- ing toe role that the "negative terial. arctica. Scientists in the Antarc- charge" plays in hastening the He has tested plastic substitutes tica have brought to light petri- blood clotting. for heart valves and artificial arfied trees and thick beds of hard Dr. Donald Hubbard, a chem- teries and veins to discover the coal under two miles of ice. ist at toe National Bureau of ionic makeup of their surfaces Doumani and Long claim this Standards, in cooperation with and their safety implant. He disproves that the great southern Dr. George L . Lucas, has been covered that woven nylon and continent once had a moist, tem- conducting extensive research Teflon make effective blood vesperate climate. This, in turn, sug- for a number of years on blood sels because of their small negagests either that the poles of the coagulation in relation to ionic tive ionic charge, which helps earth have moved or fiiat Antarc- charges. prevent internal bleeding. tica was somewhere else in relaIn explaining toe success of He explained how toe introduction to them. paper tissue in stopping the flow tion of a thread carrying a negaSomething Shifted If the pole and the earth's axis of blood induced when a man tive ionic charge into toe living of rotation have remained un- cuts himself while shaving, he vein caused clotting. changed, as many experts believe, said it is toe result qf toe negaThe negative ionic charges i n toe great granite-based conti- I tive ionic charge. cellulose gauze fibres and cotton It is believed that the memnents have shifted, according to ! the circulatory are responsible for toe effectiveDoumani and Long, who report- branes lining ness of modern bandages i n ed their Antarctica discoveries system — heart, arteries, veins, capillaries and lungs must helping the coagulation of blood. in an article published by toe Scientific American. They reported, in supporting the earth-breakup theory, that a look at a flat map of toe world shows that the various continents resemble pieces of a j i g saw puzzle. South America • WE REPAIR ALL ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES could be made to fit the west coast of Africa. Antarctica could EVERYTHING FOR THE HOME be fitted to Australia on- one side and the bed of toe Indian Ocean on toe other.
South Pole O n c e In Africa WASHINGTON — Four hundred million years ago the South Pole was in Southeast Africa and with abundant life and vegetation. Authorities for that somewhat startling statement are George
A. Douman- and William E. Long, research Associates at the Institute of Polar Studies of Ohio State University . Doumani and Long, after study disclosed new evidence supporting the theory that the earth is made up of chunks of gigantic land mass which broke up m i l Lons of years ago, concluded that 400 million years ago the North Pole was in the middle of the Paj cific, north of the present equator. Forrests in Antarctica The new evidence found by ! the scientists includes fossil i n dications that lush forrests once
77 Billion Have Lived On Earth
W A S H I N G T O N , D.C. — however, Have you ever Wondered how growth continues, many people have lived on the the 77 billion may be reached planet earth — since the be- in about 40 more years, i t is expcted. ginning? China, w i t h nearly 700 m i l The Population Reference lion people is of course, the Bureau of Washington, D . C. largest national grouping on says this is one of the ques- earth. I n less than 10 years is tions most frequently asked of expcted to have 1 billion i n its information service. habitants. Already 1 out of What is the answer? every 4 people on earth today According to population ex- are Chinese. perts throughout the world, the answer is approximately PRISONER GETS 77 Billion people. OUTSIDE HELP PINE BLUFF, Ark. — A n i n Only about 3 billion people, some 4 per cent of that grand mate baptised recently at a nearby prison farm testified to ontotal are alive today. In ancient times and i n pre- lookers that "the Lord has sl)f>wn historic times the earth was me the way." Walter McWilliams, 31, was sparcely inhabited and i t took baptised on a Sunday, The next eons and eons of time to build day he was reported missing the earth's population to its from the prison, where he was present 3 billion. serving a 16-year term for burgIf the present rate of lary and grand larceny.
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M U H A M M A D
OCTOBER 31, 1962
THE LONG LINE OF THE unemployed, as this one in Chicago, too often ends in a long line on the relief rolls. This group, near-
ing the end of their small "compensation checks" symbolize the plight of black citizens who compose nearly 5 per cent of all the
SPEAKS
unemployed in the nation and in some cities 80 per cent of those on relief. Once on relief, endless threats and harassments
7
from smug officials make their lives one of constant insecurity and humiliation. One Chicago social scientists has pointed out
that condition is being created which makes it impossible for the impoverished to win equality or economic security
Sees Endless "Persecution" And Poverty For T h o s e On "Relief" The fantastic persecution of people' on relief or "public portunity plaguing the poor is a aid" — mainly Negroes — was brought to light here as M u - "blackboard curtain" as effechammad Speaks surveyed the personal and private outlook tive in isolating people in the of officials in Chicago and other metropolis on their relief United States as the iron or bamboo curtains of Russia and clients. China cut off these people from Inasmuch as the majority of seemingly doomed to poverty but the rest of the world. those forced on public aid are also face budget-juggling welThe study disclosed that 50.7 Negroes — who are otherwise— fare agencies, who attempt to per cent of the people investigatdeprive them of even these meadiscriminated against in employed were below the literacy level ment policies — it was revealed ger crumbs. of the sixth grade, although only In fact, one official, Raymond that people on relief are not only I M. Hilliard, director of the Cook 6.6 per cent lacked five years I County, (111.) Public Aid Depart- of education. Hilliard said that the public i ment, stated flatly last week that ! poor people (Negroes) in large school used to "embrace the rich : urban areas are doomed to un- and the poor alike in its classj ending poverty by unequal ed- rooms and was a force in bringucational opportunities—and for ing the child into contact with the dominant middle class cul| this, there is no relief in sight. Hardly had he spoken, the I l l i - ture. nois Public, A i d Commission "Schools in small towns," he through its new executive d i - asserted, "still function in this rector, Harold O. Swank, em- way. But in our big cities, with barked on new persecution man- their slum areas, not only do euvers by laying down a straight the poor become poorer in maMAIN OFFICE: jacket policy against those on terial things, they often receive 608 East 63rd Street relief who might have "extra- poorer educations and have poormarital relations" or who might er access to the cultural life of CHICAGO, ILLINOIS own so-called "luxury" items, the comunitv because the neighincluding telephones. bo rhood schools themselves are In Illinois, extra-marital re- isolated from our total society. lations, aparently, is regarded as "We cannot afford to erect a special sin while one is on blackboard curtains that help public aid. There are no plans create cultural and educational for persecuting those having ghettos and walled-off commu"extra-marital relations" not on nities," he said. FORMAL GOWNS public aid. The CCPA director asked BLACKBOARD CURTAIN churches and organizations of AND DRAPERIES Hilliard, in discussing a report all kinds to help the people eson literacy among relief recipi- cape from their socially-deprivDONE BY ents in Chicago's Woodlawn ed environment by setting up (predominantly Negro) area, training course and tours of culsaid the unequal educational op- tural institutions. SPECIALISTS
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Hilliard said industry and la- ple are forced to accept the bor unions must step in to up- j ruthless "protection" of the welgrade workers or. see them dis- j fare agency, purportedly dea PI)£ a r into the oblivion of mar- \ signed to help them, ginal existence at public ex- j The Illinois Public Aid Compense. mission directive, a part of the The literacy report underscor- "tougher" administration of reed the fact that the average ; lief called for by millionaire A r achievement of public aid re- nold H. Maremont, IP AC chaircipients did not equal the public : man, called upon caseworkers to school grade given as the highest i see that court action is taken, educational level reached. | whenever possible, against farFor example, those reporting thers under the Paternity Act the eighth grade as their highest when children are bom to uneducational level, averaged less married parents. than fifth grade in achievement. MUST DUMP LUXURY ITEMS High school graduates operated The new orders from Execuat less than the seventh-grade tive Director Swank also replane. quire relief clients to get r i d The report showed'fhat those of so-called luxury items they with one or more'years of col- have obtained while on the relege were found to be 100 per lief roles. Induced in the forbidcent "functionally 1 i t e r a t e." (Continued on Page 23) There were no "functional i l literates" in this category of the study. Use M u h a m m a d Speaks FUNCTIONAL ILLITERATE Hilliard said a functional i l literate is unable to do sixth grade w o i i ; has difficulty reading a want ad and filling out a See Page 2 2 job aplication form, Trapped in poyefty, poor peo-
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OCTOBER 31,1962
College Professor Reports:
Africans Anxious To See More American Negroes NEW YORK — The growing affinity between the African and the American Negro was underscored here by a Negro college professor recently returned from a six-month tour of Africa. In fact, J. Saunders Redding, Johnson Professor of literature and creative writing at Hampton Institute in Virginia, said that all across the continent, which now has 33 independent nations, Africans wanted to know why they have not seen more American Negroes. Professor Redding attended an important "literary summit" of African writers of English expression at Makerere College in Kampala, Uganda, and reported on this and other points of i n terest concerning his tour to James K. Baker, executive director of the American Society of African Culture, N e ^ Y o r k City, which sponsored the tour. Baker asked Redding, author of "The Lonesome Road," what questions were most frequently asked by African university students. NEGRO HAS MUCH TO OFFER "The question I got most often was: 'Why don't more American Negroes come out to Africa?' The feeling seemed to be that the American Negro had a great deal to offer them, but, of course, they are proud people and they don't want anyone bringing gifts in a condescending way. "They asked: 'Why don't we have more American Negroes teaching in our universities? What about physicians? What about technicians? Can't these people give us a year or two of their lives and their skills and their knowledge? " I think," continued Professor Redding, "this was the most persistent question. And I got i t not only from university students and members of the faculty; I got it from people in the street." The interview continued in this vein: AN AFFINITY EXISTS Baker: "That seems to indi-
cate at least a latent affinity between the African and the American • Negro." Redding: "Oh, yes. They know for instance, even in East Africa, of the American Negro dentist who has been practicing in Ghana for seven years. They know of the small group of American Negroes who have established an insurance company. They know of the American Negro who set up in Ghana the first school for the deaf and dumb and who recently has been invited by the Nigerian government to do the same thing. And after that, he's going to Tanganyika. "They know these things. I t makes them happy. The only complaint is that there's just not enough of us." Baker: "What did you gather was the reason that Africans were interested, specifically, in having American Negro teachers, etc?" NEGRO MORE SYMPATHETIC Redding: "Their feeling was that the American Negro, being of the same-facial strain, would be more sympathetic to the problems which they face, that they could get closer to the American Negro than to the European, to the white man in general. "They made no bones about this. Africans will tell you—and I heard this time and time again —that, by and large, the European in Africa hears only what the African thinks will please the European, but the African tells another African the truth. " I don't want to leave you with the impression, however, that just any Negro will do. You don't make it in Africa simply because you're another African — nor do you fail just because you're white. You ate accepted because you are a Negro who has something to offer." Baker: "Did you feel there was any marked yearning for knowledge about American Negroes and American Negro writing?" KNOW ABOUT NEGROES Redding: "Oh, yes. They know,
by and large, all that is happening here in the States—in all forms of expression. They can name American Negro writers, American writers, in general. They can name actors, and singers and they know what these people are doing, what they have done. "They know of the sporadic movements that have been started from time to time linking the American Negro to his African heritage. They know about Marcus Garvey, for instance. They know that DuBois called the first Pan-African Congress. They admire these people tremendously and they feel, although they recognize that the American Negro is first of all an American, that he needs to know a great deal more about his heritage than apparently he does." Baker: "Who are the American writers with whom Africans seemed most familiar?" KNOW NEGRO WRITERS Redding: "They were certainly familiar w i t h Langston Hughes. They know some of the work of Arna Bontemps, particularly in East and Central A f rica, because Arna had been out to the University College In Kampala for a period of months helping the college organize its library."
NIGERIA'S FOREIGN MINISTER Jaja Wachuku, seeking the two-year term in the U N traditionally held by Western nations, has incurred the ire of some Europeans,- but has won toe friendship and support of many Afri-
cans and Asians. One friendship which he maintains is that of Minister Malcolm X of Muhammad's Mosque of Islam, Temple No. 7. Wachuku is favored to win the Security Council seat.
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OCTOBER 31, 1962
Muhammad
Speaks
Explodes
Rumor-
Were Black Cubans
THE RUMORS THAT A F R I CAN TROOPS are in Cuba recalls the above scene when the Cuban President Fidel Castro
staken For Africans?
NEW Y O R K — The widely circulated n o n that black African troops are i n Cuba was exploded here Speaks as total fabrication concocted by anti-C_ -..-oites and magnified by the daily press. Political leaders from variNO GUINEANS ous African nations, checked When a Muhamm&z 3. •: i '•--> by Muhammad Speaks corres- correspondent checked .-j pondents, flatly denied the ex- Guinea's U N Ambassador Mr istence of any such soldiers i n Diallo Telli, he stated Cuba and pointed out that i n - "such a report would seem too as-much as one-half of the Cu- stupid and foolish to answer." ban population is dark-skin- Guinea has only one ambasned enough to "pass for A f r i - sador i n Cuba, M r . Telli said, cans," imaginative reporters and not a single soldier or for the anti-Castro newsserv- worker. ices obviously altered the ] The Congo (Brazzerville) facts spokesman, M r . Alphonse Leraa, U N mission secretary said NO G H A N A I A N S Ghana's Raymond Eudu-Ac- "such statements are so fanquah, his nation's permanent tastic they are not worthy of United Nation's Ambassador, denial even for the record." in answer to questions submitMore thajjj half of Cuba's ted by Sister Christine John- population are of African desson, principle of the Universi- cent and look it. They proudty of Islam, scoffed at the re- ly call themselves "Afro-Cuports. bans" and the overwhelming He flatly contradicted the majority are staunch supportclaim made by sugh leading ' ers of the Castro revolution. American officials as Senator "The best I can say for Kenneth B.. Keating (R.N.) those rumors," one African that the New Y o r k Republican that diplomat said "is "from 1.500 to 2,000 Ghanaian white press has forgotten that w a s v i s i t e d in his Harlem his country's military force. Could and Guineans were i n Cuba." , most of the ancestors of pres"The only Ghanaian i n Cuba ent-day Cubans came from Hotel by Egypt's Game! Abdul ! the sight of Alemedo have inspired Nasser. At left of Primer Cas- 1 the rumors of 'black troops" in is the regular Cuban attache, Africa. They simply mistook tro is General Alemedo, an Cuba? his wife and two children," black Cubans — for black A f "Afro-Cuban" and commander of Mr. Eudu-Acquash said.
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SPEAKS
1
CTOBER 31, I M S *
Was li
The Story Of
ictoo s
Astounding C
ation
Center Of Muslim Learning In Ancient Africa, Respected Throughout World By JOHN HENRIK CLARKE When Ibn Buttuta, the great Arab traveler and writer, visited Timbuctoo in the year of 1953, this legend-shrouded city was already well known in Europe. I t was the greatest city during the Golden Age of the Western Sudan. When Europe was emerging from the Dark Ages, Timbuctoo was a center of great learning and commerce. The people of Timbuctoo lived in a society where university life was highly regarded and scholars were beheld with reverence. In the years when Timbuctoo was the great intellectual nucleus of the Songhay Empire. African scholars were enjoying a renaisance that was_ko2wa and respected throughout most of Africa and in parts of Europe. At this period in African history, the University of Sangore was the educational capital of the Western Sudan. In his book, "Timbuctoo the Mysterious," Felix DuBois gives us the following picture: "The. scholars of Timbuctoo yieTded in nothing to the saints in their sojourns in the foreign universities of Fez. Tunis, and Cairo; they astounded the most learned men of Islam by their erudition. That these Negroes were on a level with the Arabian savants is proved by the fact that they were installed as professors in Morocco and in Egvpt. In contrast to this, we find that the Arabs were not always equal to the requirements of the Sankamore." Author of Note Ahmed Baba, on: of the outstanding scholars of this period, stands out as a brilliant example of the sweep of Sudanese erudition. An author of more than 40 books on such diverse themes as theology, astronomy, ethology, and biography, Baba was a scholar of great depth and inspiration. He was in Timbuctoo when it was invaded by Moroccans in 1592, and he protested against their occupation of the country. His collection of 1,600 books, one of the richest libraries in existence at this time, was lost d tring his expatriation frcm Timbuctoo. Ahmed Baba although the most conspicuous, was only
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one of the great scholars of the Western Sudan. There was a time when the main roads in Africa led to Timbuctoo. Mansa Musa, the famous King of Mali, stopped at Timbuctoo on his way from his celebrated journey to Mecca in the year 1324. Great Black Kings From the history of Timbuctoo we learn of the great age of the black kings who built and ruled it. The greatest of these kings was Mohammad Abu Bekr El-Tourti, the founder of the Askia dynasty and the builder of the greatest days of the Songhay Empire. He was bora on an island in the Niger RHrerr-fie—was a full-blooded black from a family of high status. As he grew up," he joined the army of Sonni .Ali, then King of Songhay. In time" he rose to be a general and was la - Prime MinisterPAs Prime Minister he served for nearly 30 years and was a most able assistant and friend of Sonni A l i , one of the most renowned soldiers in African history. I t was Sonni A l i who took the city of Timbuctoo from the rival kippdom of Meli after it had passed into the hands of the Tuaregs. the strange veiled warriors of the desert. Sonni A l i pushed his conquests until his empire extended from west to east some 200 miles from the Atlantic Ocean and was bounded on the Gulf of Guinea and in the north by the slopes of the Atlas Mountains in Morocco. A L I DROWNS In 1492. (the year Columbus discovered Amiqtaea), Sonni A l i was drowned, ^returning from a successful campaign against the Fulani people. His son. who succeeded him, was weak and i n experienced.: Mohammed Abu Bekr rose up against him and seized the vacant tlu-one. The sisters -of the deposed king, hearing of this and resenting it, cried out, "Askia! Usurper!" The epithet was calmly accepted by Mohammad Abu Bekr
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as the title of his dynasty. He became the first and the greatest of the Askias who ruled over Timbuctoo and the Songhay Empire. His dynasty lasted approximately 100 years and was destroyed by the Moorish invasion in the year 1592. The German writer, Henry Barth. who spent some months in Timbuctoo in the middle of the nineteenth century and made a careful study of the country, pointed out that beside being a great soldier, Mohammed Abu Bekr was one of the greatest civil administrators who ever lived. Man of Affairs He stands high in the long list of Africans who have been competent men of affairs, for in his day the University of Sankore in Timbuctoo became the center of Muslim learning in Africa. Books, in those days before printing was invented, had to be written and copied by hand. Mohammed Abu Bekr, Askia the Great, died in the year of 1538 when he was nearly 100 years of age. He had ascended the throne when Christopher Co-
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Chicago Rocked B y N Anti-Negro B o m b Blasts
THE UNEXPLODED BOMB left this gaping hole, pointed out by little Ruby Young, 14, who was calm enough during the night of
terror to go back and rescue her favorite dog "Lady" before phouing the police and fire department.
Brutality Victim Writes Kennedy W I L M I N G T O N , Del.—A former longshoreman, a declared victim of police brutality here, has asked U.S. 'Atty. Gen Robert Kennedy for help i n getting his case against the state of Delaware off the judicial treadmill. I t has been i n the courts for more than 13 months. George Garrett charged that Garrett stated he did not resist Policeman William O'Neal, early the officer in any way. Garrett said he wets walking on the morning of June 10, 1901, beat him so severely about ffie when stopped by Officer O'Neal head that Garrett can no longer for questioning. He said that after work and cannot support himself. O'Neal asked for and was given his name, the policeman moved behind him and Garrett's hands ALTERATIONS were raised. After a few more ZELIOUS TAILORS questions, the officer asked for Pick-Up and Delivery Service Garrett's identification. 361 EAST 69th STREET He told O'Neal it was in his STewart 3-9572 hip pocket and the officer could CHICAGO, ILLINOIS get i t out. According to Garrett and a number of witnesses to the incident, the cop reached underneath Garretts left arm and "with a form of backhand motion, struck Garrett a severe blow, probably near the middle of his STANDARD SERVICE forehead." As Garrett went to his knees, STATION witnesses said the policeman hit "COMPLETE him again "on the forehead with SERVICE" his nightstick." O'Neal declared Garrett struck TOW/NG 24 HOURS him. The case of disorderly conMU. 4-9585 AB. 4-7787 duct against Garrett was dis6701 SOUTH CHICAGO AVE. missed. CHICAGO 37, ILLINOIS Atty. Henry A. Wise, Jr., counsel for Garrett, said a civil suit "and possibly a criminal complaint will be filed against this police officer on behalf of GarMARIDAN rett" Garrett said he was examined QUALITY by two doctors on two occasions "as to my mental stability since the beating." The state, he i n formed Attorney General KenFHA INSURED nedy, placed him in a mental i n Rli LOANS stitution. CHICAGO TITLE He asked for help "because i t S TRUST seems as though my lawyer's INSURED TITLES : hands are tied in this state." *'SEE OUR MODE!. HOME AT H 16013 GAUGER AVE. HARVEY. ILL. ST. 3-1113 ST 3-1114
A new wave of anti-Negro home bombings broke Chicago last week as Negro homeowners continued their soyxh for improved residences in hitherto all-white areas. A bomb shattered the porch of the William Young family, 8138 S. Peoria st.. in an area known as ^'Chester Highlands" and miraculously missed injuring the family's four children. The home of another Negro family in the same block had been to 14 years. When the bomb exbombarded with rocks hurled by ploded, they ran from the house teen-age white youths. and out into the street The bomb thrown into the Mrs. Ann Callahan, white Young's home, a homemade next door neighbors of the "Molotov Cocktail" type, not Youngs, reported hearing the only failed to persuade the Ne- bombings and declared she was gro family to move but united horrified at "such terror tac-. Negro leaders in the community tics." behind a determined campaign Although police guard the to win "open occupancy" rights homes "around the clock," none for non-white residents in the of the attackers have been ap city. ; prehended. However, while a Dempsey J. Travis, real es- j Muhammad Speaks reporter tate dealer and civic leaser com- i was surveying the scene, a white pared the bombings of the Ne- j child spoke up: gro home to the racial outbreaks in Mississippi. "Although Mississippi is 600 miles from Chester Highlands," Travis said. "The prejudice of Oxford, Miss., is less than six minutes away." Two bombs had been thrown into the Young home, the first failing to explode. Alone in the WASHINGTON — A n Ethiohouse at the time of the bombing were the Young's crildren, pian student currently studying Ruby, Gwendolyn, Gurrad and for a Ph.D. degree at the U n i Gerrade, ranging in age from 5
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versity of Maryland said the "Mississippi Situation" was "shocking" to Africans and that the Federal government ought to push harder toward getting civil rights for all. Debebow Zelelie. a political science major had high praise for James Meredith whose name, he said, "will open a new chapI ter in the history of ,Hf> efCoits I of minority groups themselves." Zelelie who lives or. the university campus at College Park, said the incidents at Mississippi were new and unusual tr.ings to* Africans to witness. His own impatience toward the efforts of the Federal government at eradicating segregation stemmed from two incidents of discrimination imposed on him while studying here. Although he called the incidents "minor," he remembered the occasion, a year ago, when— a Baltimore waitress told him and a friend to take their food outside and eat it. "It was raining." he said. "So we could not take it out and we had to leave without eating." Zelelie said his home is in H i rar, in the eastern region of Ethiopia, about 500 miles froa Addis Ababa, the capital.
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" I know who's going to break re windows tonight," he said ointing to one of the homes oc-yied by a Negro. "Who?" the reporter asked? kTbe boy next door," the child IxttrL -^A said, "We're going to H « ; - -• soon?" "How r_e*" the reporter asked. The white Id pointed up to the apartme-- i the Negro and whispered, "C account of them up there." Meanwhile the : : _ bought their "exa through a Negro rem? « u t # dealer, stated that he * : : ish more Negroes B K the area. He said l i t need for the kind of "moral - - . port" a Negro family could him.
BOMB DAMAGE to home of William Y o u n g , courageous young Negro postal employee who told Muhammad Speaks reporter, Russell Burns, he had no intentions of abandoning his new home. Young's children nar-
rowly escaped injury in the blast which touched off a fire on the family's enclosed porch. The debris strewn around the yard is a mattress and other furnishings of the Young's home.
Cft Hd
JACKSON, Miss — The state branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Coh^ored People urged Negroes today to boycott the Mississippi State Fair. A fair for Negroes will be held next Sunday through Wednes-* day. A white-only version is now under way. "Negro citizens of the stat* have been encouraged by the NAACP not to spend their hardearned money on the segregated state fair for Negroes Oct. 1417," the group's field secretary, Medger Evers, said in a statement. He said "plans are being c<| sidered to picket the fair as year, when the boycott < to 98 per cent effective^" 4
Nature
01
Separation
Ever since Almighty GeetT^?att>d the universe, there"has been separation going on i n it. The germ, the atom of life was a double section and there was separation i n i t . I n our brain, the cells are separated. According to the creation of the people of present civilization today, they were also separated i n the beginning of their time. When God created the heavens and the earth, he separated planets from t h i r t y million to four billion or more miles apart. He did not make one planet after the matter or k i n d of the other. Each was created of an essence that was independent of itself i n the sphere where i t was created. This proves the superiority of God and his wisdom. He could create and bring into being anything that he willed and would not have to borrow from another. He could make worlds, planets rotating in space independent of one another. Each one different i n color and each different i n size. There are no two planets having the same civilization. I n the creation of the life on the earth and the water on earth, you find a great variety of life. I f we go to the sea, we find fishes after their kind. There are many fishes and all are going in schools to themselves. They mate on to their own kind. On the surface, we see birds of many kinds flying over our heads, in the bushes and i n the trees. Each of these birds mate on to their own kind. I f they did not mate on to their own kind, we would not see great clouds of black birds flying over us. We would not see a cloud of red birds and brown birds all going to themselves. The birds build their nests and you do not find other birds trying to house themselves in there w i t h them. I f they t r y , there is a fight. Even i n animal life, there is separation. Among insect life whether they are crawling on their legs or on their bellies orrflying on their wings, they all mate w i t h their own kind. I f you go to a red ant bed, you w i l l find all red ants. I f any other ant trys to enter they w i l l k i l l him. I f a big red ant w i l l crawl over i n the small black ant's house, all of them come out and k i l l him. He does not get away. I n the jungle, all the beasts live to themselves and mate onto their own kind. Among human beings, the black man lives i n Africa. The brown man is living on the islands of the Pacific. The yellow man living on the continent k n o w n as Asia. The red man is here i n North America and elsewhere. Before the coming of the white man, this was a red man's home. If there had not been an interference or intermixing because of the white man's desire to have power and rule the nations of the earth, there would not have been any mixing in the islands of the Pacific among the inhabitors there. You can't blame the white man for beating and kicking you and busting i n your skull, hanging you on a tree for trying to get into his house. He does not want your kind mixing with his kind. If you had been proud of yourself and loved your own Reading the Declaration of I n - voking and enlightening. we are going to get without kind, you would have busted his head and hung h i m on a tree In the September 30 issue, one bloodshed, and if we are not if he tried to get into your house. You would, today, be re- dependence and taking from it one of the more often printed ex- •reader' commented on the very willing to fight we should stop We want unity. We want to know each other. We want to cerpts I find • it hard ' for this same thing that I had intended provoking trouble and falling on unite w i t h each other. We want to love each. We want the same Government to charge any Negro to cbmment on and that is your our knees to pray when someone with Anti- American activities. choice of natural beauties. I am strikes us. for ourselves as other nations. It follows Quote: a frequent visitor of Temple No. The black women know noTHE H O N O R A B L E E L I J A H M U H A M M A D "We hold these truths to be 7 and ' have beep indoctrinated thing and don't want to learn by some of the speakers that soself-evident, that all men are created Equal, that they are endow- called' Negro women are endowed anything except how to "con." ed by THEIR creator with cer- with natural beauty and yet your Harold R. Woochouse tain unalienable Rights, that paper's choice of natural beauty among these are life, liberty and ik some one heavily made up with the pursuit of happiness: (which mascara, face powder, lipstick, THE L A RIOT (Continued From Page 1) has been denied the Black Mass hair straightened, etc. I read about the incident in righteous in the Hereafter. 7; Bible Genesis, Chapter 2 in America) That to secure these I wear my hair natural, and I California. I think it was a terThey deceived many thous- and 3; Revelations under the rights, Governments are institut- find that it is not the white per- rible thing for our own policeed among men, deriving their just son, (the one I expect) but the men to shoot down innocent peoands of our people 6,000 years title "Beasts.") powers from the consent of the so-called Negro who is taken ple for no reason at all. I read -ago Soon after they were made, ^ T h e s l a v e s t Q d W £ m t t h a t governed; that WHENEVER any back and becomes wide eyed by about the soldier also shot and dent , a n d caused them to be exded. ; w h i c h t h e y s e e t h e h . . m aform s t e rof GOVERNMENT becomes this as if my type of hair is un- killed. I was a soldier once myT h e y m a d e t h e m t o p u l 1 o f f destructive of these ends, it is known to them. I agree with one self and I have been in all parts pared ! enjoying, and this worries the ty of h e i r c l o t h e s a s t h e y a r e d o i n g , master because some of the theRIGHT of the people to A L - of your readers that our wooly of the South. To tell you the or abolish it, and to insti- hair needs "deliberate styling," truth, I have never seen anything when s* t h e Present time — w o - 1 things (such as equality) the TER tute new government laying its are supposed to be master cannot give unless he foundation on such principles and not natural hair-dos more readi- as bad in the south in all the days ly than the females. Even though of my life as what I read in the ti'oCeg^cent and intelligent are w a n t s n o t t o b e r e C o g n i z eorganizing d its powers in such some women prefer it, they are papc- about what happened in next meearmg indecent dresses up i . form, as to THEM shall seem Los Angeles. * and above their knees, mak-! by his own society. B u t the most likely to affect their safety such conformists that they won't do "it because of their concern When I went into the service, ing evil and indecency to look ' m a s t e r sees and knows t h a t and happiness. End of Quote. about what other people say and I went there thinking that when alright to the ignorant. (See i think of them. I got out this would be a Therefore it seems to me that Holy Qur-an, chapters 2 a n d ' w h i c h his slave does notas a Negro in America being deAside from this, your paper is safe place for me and my family nied Life, Liberty and thp pur- the BEST. I look forward to to live. The police officers are the law, if they don't obey the law suit of happiness in the Govern- reading it this month. themselves what kind of country ment of America, the U.S. GovL. Smith; Bronx, N.Y. is this suppose to be? ernment is then destructive of these ends towards the Negroes. DIISLIKES BLACK WOMEN I would say, something is not It is then our right as a people Dear Sir: run right. The chief of police i n By A N P to try to alter and or abolish it, I admire'your newspaper even that state should be put out of and institute a new Government CLEMENT L U B E M B E , deputy-secretary-general, Kenya Fed- whose foundation and principles if I do not agree with everything that office. I am not a college you print. I am atheist, so I try eration of Labor: shall most likely affect our safe- to pick out the practical things man but I am a member of the "The solution to the Land Freedom A r m y problem is for ty and happiness. . . If this be you say without regar d to any re- NAACP. I really do hope that all policemen, when they walk the Britain to grant independence to Kenya immediately, so that Un-American, perhaps America ligion. street, are maae to enforce the is Un-Declaration Of Indepenjve can solve our problems ourselves without further delay . . ." What makes me angry is Dr. law and not break it. I do wish dence for the Negroes. Martin L. King and his group of you would enter this into your ' M I C H A E L I . OPARA, premier, Eastern Nigeria: cowards who think prayer is a newspaper. This is the way I ^Nigeria's friendship is not for sale. Nor is our non-align- WANTS HAIR NATURAL solution to everything. This en- feel about being misused by poa vacant sign for outside ideologies. We can be influential I have been a reader of your tire group is nothing more than lice officers. ica only as we are evidently masters of our own destiny, paper for the past 3 years or so "Bible Cowards." In my opinion able only to ourselves as Africans for our beliefs . . ." and I find it really thought pro- we have gotten all the "rights" Joseph Bailey
Any Mare Like Him In The pentagon
Letter To Editor
Are Negroes Un-American?
Time For
Separation
A F r ^ n Viewpoints
.01
MUHAMMAD SPEAKS (The
Messenger of Allah)
The so-called American Negroes actually believe that they have the same right as American citizens to go any place i n white America they please and be accepted or allowed to enter into white society on an equal basis w i t h the white man. If you understand that which you are seeking to be accepted into, and i f you understood the nature of those whom you are seeking to integrate w i t h you would, instead, be seeking your own people's society or building one of your own on some land or territory separate from the American whites.
N e g r o e s D e m o , S t a t e
W i n G O P
S l o t s
M U L T I - R A C I A L S O U T H A F R I C A , by Z. J. DeBeer. Oxford NEW YORK—Yielding a notch University Press, London - New York,. 68 Pages. $1.50. at a time to the increasing deThis political pamphlet is an attempt to show the inevitabimands by Negroes for represen- lity of certain developments i n South Africa. The author was tation in governmental offices on a member of the Union Parliament from 1953 to 1959. He is all levels, both major political now a member of the Progressive Party of South Africa. I n his parties are offering more Ne- book he seems to want everything for the African except groes as candidal 3S for highercomplete equality w i t h the white population. echelon jobs. Both the state of New York EAST A F R I C A T H R O U G H CONTEMPORARY RECORDS, and the commonwealth of MasEdited by Zoe Marsh. Cambridge University Press, London sachusetts will put up Negro and New York. 214 Pages. $4.75. candidates for the office of state This anthology of extracts contains information about the We need land wherein we attorney general in November. history of East Africa. Most of the travelers' accounts, docucan build our own society free In Massachusetts, Atty. Edfrom tension, hatred and vioward W. Brooke will appear on ments, letters and memoirs relate to the European discovery lence that have accompanied the Republican ticket as candi- of this area of Africa. The book also contains capsule histories our race relationship w i t h the date for attorney general. In the of Kenya, Tanganyika, Uganda and Zanzibar. The Honorable white race of America. Republican primary, Attorney P R I M I T I V E SONG, by C. M . Bowra. World Publishing ComElijah Muhammad Brooke soundly trounced Atty. When you learn that the pany. Cleveland, Ohio. 303 Pages. $6.50. Elliott Richardson, winning the white man is not your brother, you w i l l readily begin to see nomination by a plurality of 42,I n this collection, Sir Maurice Bowra analyzes the songs of and accept the Divine Plan that Almighty A l l a h (God) has in 078. people he considers to be the most primitive now on earth. His the working for our people. Who has been our aggressors and book reveals what the struggle for existence means to such POLLED MILLION VOTES murderers every since we have been i n America? Who, by Brooke is a veteran in running people as the Pygmies, the Aboriginal Australians, the Eskimos nature, was made ^Tick to shed blood — even his own? for high state office. Two years and the Bushmen of South Africa. A n d how much easier it is for them to shed our blood ago he was the GOP candidate they are heartless, merciless when i t comes to y.ou and me. .for toe office of secretary of state. I N C R E D I B L E A F R I C A , by Willard Price. The John Day Company. 213 Pages. $5.50. We all know the true answer, whether you wish to bear w i t - Though he lost, he made'AmeriThis is another travel book about Africa. The author shows nes w i t h your tongues or w i t h your hands, we know that the can political history by racking white man is our agressors, the haters of. good, justice and up more than a million votes, but little respect for the new leaders of Africa. His opinion of equality for you and me. His showing startled politicos the late Patrice Lumumba is an insult. Do not expect your former slave masters children to across the nation, . tttlMlfltttlfjltttltltltllitiflllllltflMttlltfffMlttfItlCiritltlMlfIttltlMMriTIftlJIItltlMttllMItJlttllfltlfllMtttrr give you the privileges to do as you desire i n his own house. t n New York,- the Democrats According to the Emancipation P'roclamation, we as a people have named Edward R. Dudley were proclaimed free to go for ourselves; i n other words, we ™ J * e j ^ „ * S L J S r t e ^ were on our own to build a nation of our own regardless to state .attorney general Dudley who is borough president of our hardships and barriers. Manhattan, was placed on the But this we did not do because we were unable and un- ticket at the Democratic state qualified i n the knowledge of self and how to build a civili- convention. < (From The Preface of Holy Qur-an, By: Muhammad A l i ) zation of our own. A n d today, our people are too afraid and Dudley . is the first Negro MiTittttHitiiiitititDitiiitiiftiiiiiiiiirittiMiiiiiiiittiiiiiiittititiitiitittiii [itMitititiiriEititttititttiittitEii ititif titittiiriitt* doubtful even though a way is being made in this wilderness chosen in New York for an i m By E L I J A H M U H A M M A D by Allah (God) i n Person: portant state office by a major (The Messenger of Allah) Many so-called Negroes despise and hate "Black Supre- political party. Negroes have macy" without having knowledge of what .this means, and been, nominated i n New York The saying of prayer is obligatory upon all, every Muslim; yet they support and believe i n \ " W h i t e Supremacy."' I f yqijfcstate by minor parties i n the male or female, who have attained to the age of description. I t say you do not like either, then you are neutral.. But nay- past. is said five times a day as follows: someone must rule over the other; i t is the law of nature. If they w i n in November, 1. Salat-uz-Fard or early morning prayer is said after The ex-slaves of America desire to go to their white mas-» Brooke and Dudley.will hold key dawn and before sunrise. ters restaurants instead of building one for self and kind. You policy-making and administra2. Salat-uz-Zuhr or the early afternoon prayer, is said want to go to their schools and learn w i t h white people wlio tive offices. ' when the sun is about to decline, and its time extends hate your very shadows. . \ ' ' "—~ ' t i l l the next prayer. I say to you this is a disgrace to act so dependent and lovri j a x . C o l l e c t i o n s 3. Salat-ul-asr or the late afternoon prayer is said when ing towards a people who have been your worst enemies, and ' ' the sun is about midway on its course to setting, and who w i l l go to war against each other before they w i l l give Some $150,000 taxpayers in the its time extends to a little before it actually sets. you and me equal justice under their own laws. . Malaya Federation will pay a record 4. Salat-ul-Mashrah or the sunset prayer, is said i m "Allah (God) is offering you heaven at once on accepting $81 million in income taxes this mediately after the sun sets. Him for your God: enjoyment and unlimited progress i n the i96i. (ANP) 5. Salat-ul-Isha or the early night prayer is said when new world of universal peace and happiness, unlike anything , the red glow i n the v est disappears, and its time seen, heard, or imagined since the creation of the universe. extends^to midnight But it must be said before going You are not American citizens, nor members of the white to bed. • FREEDOM, man's world. The only American citizens are the white people NOTE 1—When a person is sick, or on a journey (or i n who are originally from Europe. So why fight a losing battle case of rain, when the prayer is said i n congregation i n a by trying to be recognized as something you are not and JUSTICE and Mosque) the early afternoon and the late afternoon prayers never w i l l be. I am not trying to disillusion you, but merely may be said i n conjunction, the sunnats may be dropped. telling you the truth. EQUALITY NOTE 2—-Beside these five obligatory, there are two opAlmighty A l l a h came to make Himself known that He tional ones. The first of these is the Salal-ul-Hail, the Taljjid alone is God and besides H i m there is no God His equal — WE MUST HAVE or the late night -prayer, which is said after midnight, after I know of none His equal. I am going to do my part i n repbeing refreshed w i t h sleep, and before dawn. This prayer is resenting H i m in teaching His words of Truth. OR ELSE specially recomitiepded i n the Holy Qur-an. The other is known We do not need soft talk when i t comes to the t r u t h , as the Salat-ud-duha and i t may be said at about breakfast Would you like remaining a we need the thrust that w i l l pull us off our knees from begging time. This is the ,time at which the two ' I d prayers are said. and put us on our feet as intelligent men and women no permanent slave or being a NOTE 3—The service on Friday takes the place of the permanent member of a soup longer dependent upon the slave master, but striving to build early afternoon prayer. (From the preface of the Holy Qur-an, an independent nation of our own as others have done 'be- line? Are you with us to get by Muhammad A l i ) . fore us. Freedom, Justice and Equality Prayer is Universal: I t is a showing of ones submission We the black people in America have to fight against for the So-Called Negroes? and recognition to a Superior. When i t conies to a God, the great opposition coming to us from all sides — the ignorant act or saying of prayer to a God other than himself is to show PLEASE SEND US YOUR blacks and the wise, skillful whites who envy our progress not only submission and recognition, confession, supplication, in the way of self-support. thanksgiving, the seeking of help, guidance, and forgivenessThey hate wide spread of the T r u t h that A l l a h has reveal- NAME of wrongs, the secrets of our hearts are poured out i n prayet ed here i n the worst part of our Planet Earth. A truck load to his or her God. A D D R E S S of our papers M U H A M M A D SPEAKS was set afire by the enThe Muslims must say their prayers. Whatever mercy vious and jealous haters of the progress this paper is making and blessings that we receive from Allah. The only thing that towards getting the T r u t h to the mentally dead of our people. City. Zone. .. . State. He asks you and I i n return is sincere thanks and the doing O seek refuge i n A l l a h from such evil, for I know a day that of good to self and others, being grateful to Allah (God) for to is coming to them when they w i l l wish they, too, were Muslims. His guidance, mercy, protection, and blessings, which is a very H U R R Y A N D J O I N ONTO Y O U R O W N K I N D . T H E Muhammads' Mosque No. 2 little pay in return for what we are given by H ' T I M E OF T H I S W O R L D IS A T H A N D . Next Issue: Why seven prayers? The Times of ^^-snd the 5335 S. Greenwood Avenue M U H A M M A D ' S MOSQUE NO. 2 early morning prayer. C h i c a g o 15, Illinois 5335 South Greenwood Avenue; Chicago 15, Illinois H U R R Y and J O I N onto Y O U R O W N K I N Elijah Muhammad, Messenger of A l l a h on T H I S W O R L D IS A T H A N D : Write to: BE SURE T O L I S T E N TO " M U H A M M A D S P E A K S " M U H A M M A D ' S MOSQUE 7 ^fts 4847 S. Wooiitawn AveaM E A C H S U N D A Y N I T E A T 7:00 P.M. over station W E A W 5335 South Greenwood A T fati wi Chicago 15, Illinois (105) F . M . Also, each Sunday at 6:30 p. m. ELIJAH MUHAMMAD etfectiveJ'
Prayer Service In Islam Times Of Prayer
or D r i v e T o
F r e e
All O f A f r i c a
(Continued from Page 2)
ate conditions pre&Hted within its own borders and use that action which best suits local conditions. Q. What is your estimate of toe number of casualties i n toe long struggle between France and Algeria?
A. Well. . . It is not safe to estimate. Some people set it at a million and some a million and a half. It is not realistic at this point to try and give any real figure. Q. On the question of Red China's admission to the United Nations, what is your view?
A. The mainland of China should be given its rightful seat in the United Nations. Q. Do you regard the United Nations as one of the main instruments for liberating the remaining colonial territories?
A. Of course, the framework of the United Nations, in general, is of value, but liberation comes first from within a country. Especially the liberation of colonialist people comes from within. It is up to them to choose the method. Q. Do you believe that a United States of Africa, a broad unified Africa, is possible w i t h i n the near future?
A. A broad unification of Africa is possible between the more mature countries. This has to be based on the solution of specific problems. The unity will come first from those who can agree to combine. The others OPEN FOR BUSINESS — Bro- A moment later the men had reporting increasing sales from will join with them later. thers Henry, Ma ceo and Joseph opened up for the day. Branch issue to issue. Subscriptions are (Mr. Bella explained that he believed political agree- stand at the entrance to the New office is symbolic of the Muslim ments, political understandings were necessary to buttress York office of the fast-growing newspaper's rapid growth. Street economic programs. He felt that African unity could not suc- Muhammad Speaks newspaper, salesmen across toe nation are cessfully come from economic programs alone.)
Unanimous Censure
White Bandit In Black Face Gets $14,000 In Loot
Educators Blast Miss. Governor
PARK CITY, Ky. — A n armed bandit held up the Park City State bank today, escaping with about $14,000. Roger Martin, a bank teller, said that the bandit, who had covered his face with soof, came Educa tors across the nation, i n - The Campus chapter of the in carrying a pistol and orcluding the South, are unanimous American Association of Uni- dered him and another employe, Evelyn Bailey, to fill a in their condemnation of the riot versity Professors adopted a Mrs. at the University of Mississippi resolution excoriating "men i n and Gov. Ross R. Barnett and prominent positions" and "some his subordinates for the parts news media in Mississippi" reGET INSTANT they played in the tragic and sponsible for the false reports stupid incident before the un about the marshals that "helpblinking eyes x>f the world. ed provoke a general state of conRELIEF i Four heads of well-known uni- fusion, alarm and misdirected ttitotl APrEs FOR TIRED versities blasted Barnett and wrath." ACHING other Mississippi state officials Signers of the resolution were for their "political interference" not identified, but' a spokesman With W I L L I A M S MEDICATED in the university's affairs. said the group included many FOOT CREAM President Robert F. Goheen of long-time faculty members at Excellent for burning, Princeton University said that Ole Miss. aching, itching, perspirpolitical interference in any i n Secretary of Welfare Anthony ing feet, also for foot odor, callouses, r stitution of higher learning is a J. Celebrezze in Washington said corns bunions, and athletes foot. that his department is "holding MAIL $1.25 "major problem." Money Back Guaranfas - ACCREDITATION IMPERILED up funds to the University of —to— WILLIAMS COSMETICS Herbert E. Longenecker, presi- Mississippi until the situation is 246 Wast 45th Place dent of Tulane University in New clarified." CHICAGO 9, ILLINOIS Meanwhile A. T. Burch, w r i t Orleans, declared he was pre— Agents Wanted — pared to vote away the Universi- ing in the Chicago Daily News, ty of Mississippi's accreditation said Misissippi does not have when such a motion comes before "much to boast about" when the This Advertisement the Southern Association of state is compared statiscally with "Colleges and Secondary Schools other states in the Union. He said is Worth $5.00 CASH Mississippi is low man on the next month in Dallas, Tex. Toward Your Beauty Dr. David D. Henry, president totem pole in average per capita Culture Course at of the University of Illinois and income, state dollars spent per Nathan Pusey, president of Har- pupil and the proportion of ""Nvard University, were in agree- homes equipped with telephones. L Y D I A ADAMS ment with Dr. Longenecker. Fifty members of the Missis- No Storms, Please! BEAUTY COLLEGE sippi faculty went to the defense 7705 S. Cottage Grove Ave. New Caledonia, a mountainous isthe United States Marshals on 19, III. - ST. 3-6643-4 .ty at the Mississippi campus land of the Melanesian chain in ths Chicago Advanced Hair Styling and Placement hen the rioting broke out They Pacific Ocean, is seldom affected Service FREE to all Complete Course lid it is "unfair and reprehensiStudents. by the typhoons ard hurricanes tle" to label the U.S. marshals ADVANCED HAIR STYLING sweeping across the Pacific Islands. B RUSH-UP COURSES MANICURING »s instigators of the riot. TEACHERS ' TRAINING —(ANP)
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M U H A M M A D
OCTOBER 3 1 . 1M2
15
SPEAKS
last Of The West By
UGANDA PROVINCES
A B D U L BASIT NAEEM
A B I T OF " S T R A I G H T N E W S " — without twisting: The people of China (Mainland, not Formosa) are urging their government to ban the "Twist," the latest U . S. dance craze. Strong editorials i n major Chinese newspapers support the public opinion, calling it "an ugle display." THE RECENT E A R T H Q U A K E S i n Iran, i n the Middle East, wliich took a heavy toll of human life, also brought to light the evidence of a local phenomenon often dismissed by the West as "nonsense": The existence of a marvelous M A N - M A D E underground and under-the-mountain water supply system (whose source is a natural Spring way up atop the nearby hills but at least fifty miles away from the disaster area) considered at least 3,000 years old!
TANGANYIKA::
Uganda Becomes 33rd African
L I B E R I A , on the West Coast of Africa, isn't the only country i n the world where men and women can live up to the ripe. ~>id age of 150 or so (as claimed by Madam Zoe Kettah, a L i jerian citizen). The sturdy H U N Z A people of. West Pakistan, too consider a 100-year-old person "quite youthful," often each their 150th birthday before falling prey to "diseases toaracteristic of the process of aging." The Syrian A r a b Republic has just named a new Prime Minister. He is His Excellency As-sayyed K h a l i d el-Azm.
Nation, Seeks Kenya Freedom
A L E A D I N G E T H I O P I A N NEWSPAPER, "The Ethiopian Herald," expressing "alarm" at the recent happenings i n Kenya (where political unity has been disrupted and severely jolted by certain selfish interests), has called upon the citizens of "our sister country i n East Africa" to adopt a new watchword i n place of the well-known slogan " U h u r u " (meaning freedom). SALES EXPERT Hattie W i l The new "expression" that may create consciousness of Na- liams, employe at Roberts Delux tionhood i n all Kenyans: " U M O O O " (meaning U n i t y ) . Products Co., 6935 S. Halsted i n THE D U T C H G O V E R N M E N T having acceded to Indone- Chicago, stands before ease and sia's legal and rightful demand for the control (effective a few shelves holding a full range of cosmetics. The thriving and rapmonths from now) of West Iran (wrongly-called "New Guinea" idly-growing enterprise is ownby the Dutch colonialists), it is now Timor Island's t u r n to r i d ed by Milton Roberts, young Neitself of European rule. Situated about 200 miles north of Aus- gro business phenomenon. Robtralia, Timor is only partly under the Indonesian flag at pres- erts launched bis own business ent; more than half of the island is under Portugal's domination by utilizing his home at the base (which,as i n Goa, has got to go!). of operations. He was backed by a number of years experience as THE N A T I V E S of West Irian, incidentally, are almost al- an A - l salesman for other comways referred to i n the West as "Papuans." I t has now come t o panies. Now located i n swank our attention, and we are glad to pass on the information to salesroom (a part of which is you, that "papuan" is a term of hatred and degradation and en- shown above), he directs a staff tirely alien to the natives. The proper designation is West of personally-trained crack sales Irianese. people.
K E N N E R ' S ®
A
KAMPALA, Uganda — The noose was tightened a bit more around the throats of imperialists who still exert ruthless control of sections of Africa when Uganda signaled its independence by running up its red, black and yellow flag here. The governments of South Africa and Portugal have recognized Uganda, but Prime Minister M i l ton Obote accused them of practicing "deceit." "They recognize Uganda as an African government," he said, "yet do not accord the same respect to Africans under their control." 33RD FREE NATION Uganda, the 33rd African nation to gain its independence, has flung down the challenge to the imperialists by refusing to racognize South Africa, Federation of Rhodesia a n d Nyasaland. Prime Minister Obote strongly implied that diplomatic relations writh Portugal may be suspended
U T O
because of its oppressive racial policies in the African states of Anyola and Mozambique. Obote also declared that his nation, 16th member of the B r i t ish Commonwealth, is backing immediate independence for Kenya, a neighboring state. It is said that Uganda will not have a "white settler problem." This is based on population statistics which show there are 6,485,000 Ugandans to 11,600 whites and 77,400 Indians and Pakistanis. The Prime Minister has offered citizenship to the Indians and Pakistanis, who are the merchants and shopkeepers i n the nation, if they learn English or a vernacular language in addition to Hindustani. The whites have been mainly civil servants, missionaries, businessmen and teachers. Uganda is the largest exporter of coffee in the Commonwealth and one of the largest producers of cotton.
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O C T O B E R 31, 1962
Experts Find Kindergarten Tots Smarter, More Alert
FOUR PRETTY GIRLS standing in a row on the lawn of the White House in Washington win the admiration of Pres. Ken-
nedy on the occasion of their visit to the Capitol. The girls, as identical as the proverbial peas in a pod, are the world-famous
Fultz quadruplets. They are 16 years old and beginning to think in term of a career. They investigated counseling and guidance programs in New York City.
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Associated Negro Press MADISON, N. C. — The Fultz Quads, one of the world's rare sets of identical quadruplets, have now reached the magic age of sixteen. Born on May 23, 1946, the quads—Mary Ann, Mary Louise, Mary Catherine and Mary Alice —are the children of Mr. and Mrs. James Fultz. Before their birth, their father was a struggling sharecropper in Reidsville, N . C, supporting his
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family of seven children on $500 a year. After the quads were born, the Fultz family's fortune changed, resulting from support given them by a sponsoring milk company. BUY 142 ACRE FARM Mr. and Mrs. Fultz then purchased a 142-acre tobacco farm, leaving behind them their threeroom shanty. Mrs. Fultz, a deaf mute, gave birth to another child in 1949, bringing the total number of children to 12. The celebrated quads have enjoyed splendid health since i n fancy and have had few of the expected childhood ills. Their births, hailed by scientists around the world, was said to be rarer than that of the famous Dionne quintuplets of Canada. The miracle of the D i onnes was not that they were born, but that they lived beyond infancy. (One of the Dionne girls died a few years ago.) ONE I N 3 MILLION Scientists say that the odds against the birth and survival of identical quadruplets are three million to one. Morover, it is said that Negro quadruplets are rare and usually premature; seldom do they live. To each three million births) there may be a set of Negro quadruplets which
NEW YORK — If Children nowdays seem "smarter" and "more alert" than in the "old days"—it may be because they actually are. Even at the ages of 3 to 5, today's children can think critically, a research team headed by Dr. Kenneth D. Warm, professor of education at Teachers College, Columbia university, reports. . The report, based on test data, anecdotal records and direct observation, concluded that "the period from 3 to 6 years of age is crucial to children's intellectual development." The findings, announced in a book titled "Fpstering Intellectual Development *m Young Children," observed that the modem child, reared ih ah. qge where the man in the moon may become a reality, no longer dwells on the fantasies of fairy tales, but on the almost unbelievable things happening around him. Through television, communication with his parents and playmates or in pictorial publications, the report noted, he is brought into contact with subjects that constantly inflame his imagination and he-wants enlightenment. "Today's children are bombbarded by information," the report said. "The advancement of "science, technology, the compactness of living, the ease of the en-
are seldom identical, and, even more untisual, of the same sex. The Fultz quads were not premature, but full term, identical sisters. At the time. of their birth, they were the only living identical Negro quadruplets on record in the world. Also, at that time, there had • k' been only six other sets on record; none of these lived. CONFIRM THEORY When the girls were born, their mother was 37 years old, which confirmed a theory that mothers 38 years old were most likely to have multiple births. The father was 60 when the quads were born. Again, science syas that midle-aged parents are more prona to have quads.
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Jqzzdom's Greatest The late Charlie "Yardbird" Parker, one of jazzdom's greatest alto saxophonists, was born on Aug. 29, 1920. at Kansas City, Kan. — (ANP)
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tire world cry out to the children to look, test and learn." "The teacher," the report said, "must be ready to accept changes in behavior and knowledge and perhaps even earlier maturing and readiness for certain age experiences. A l l the teacher's knowledge from the sciences, humanities and the arts must be brought into the program for young children if i t is to be intellectually challenging."
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M U H A M M A D
O C T O B E R 31, 1962
S P E A K S
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Life Span of Negro Baby Boy In U.S. Some 13 Years Less Than White Girl NEW Y O R K — The life expectancy of a Negro baby boy born today is 13 years less than that of a white girl. This startling discrepancy between the life span of white and Negro babies was. revealed here by reports from the U.S. Bureau of Census. Although the racial gap. between Negro and whites have narrowed somewhat, due to the more widespread application of medical advances, the conditions under which Negroes are forced to live still takes a devastating toll upon their lives. The average white girl baby
may expect to live 74 years of last year in the death rate from life, the white boy 67 years; the the carddiovascular-r e n a 1 disNegro girl 66 years and the Ne- eases, which account for more than half of the total deaths. gro boy only 61 years. There was an increase of about Mortality among America's wage earners and their families 1 per cent in the mortality was slightly higher in the first from cancer, while the death half of 1962 than i n the corres- rate from respiratory cancer Respiratory ponding periods of 1961 and rose 4 per cent. 1960, according to statisticians cancer now accounts for about of the Metropolitan Life Insur- one-sixth of all deaths attributed to cancer. ance Company. During the first half of this Progress continues to be made year, the mortality rate for all in the control of tuberculosis. ages combined was 7.3 per The death rate from the disease 1,000 compared with 7.2 for established a new low of 5.2 each of the preceding two per 100,000; it was 5.6 in the years. I corresponding period of 1961 Little change occurred since and 6.2 two years ago.
Women Rule Men Who Rule-Business NEW Y O R K — Women stockholders of the nation — and will remember that Miss West, there are more of them than men —have brought the stock resident of a wild boom town market business world down to its most understandable de- during a gold rush, said she was not so much interested in digging nominator — men. In a jbcular vein, Forbes Mag- gloves version of an old Mae gold as in "prospecting" the minazine, business periodical, as- West stage philosophy. Old timers ers who dig the gold. serted that women are much too clever to exert control over business. Rather, they 'Control business men. The magazine said that women stockholders "are far more i n F R E ^ H terested in controlling men than joney. That's how they got i t DIRECT FROM THE FARM TO YOU! 11 in the first place. Most women are wise enough not to change such a successful system." Phone 6-84ii Without fear of being accused of over-simplification, Forbes said that in order to get the money with which to buy all that stock, the women "land a husSOUTH HAVEN, MICH. - DEALERS CALL: DR. 3-9734 band, then outlive him." CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 434 E. 43rd STREET Forbes might have pointed out that the women stockholders are simply using a revised, white"Dftexel 3-6469
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f THE WOMEN OF AFRICA are the backbone of the continent's "leap forward" being made by newly-emerging countries. Mrs Smbi Ashanela, wife of a North Ghana farmer, pauses to pose for photographers as she handles one of thiTchief cash crops of her na-
tion, palm-nuts. Women in the midst of the rebuilding and modernization programs of the new African nations, enthusiastically moving their countries forward to the day when their economy will match and even surpass those nations which have been free for centuries.
Household By LOIS WALKER
Tips
paragus cut off. Cut i n 2" lengths with the tough ends of the asPackaging para cut off. Cut in 2 inch lengths If packaging is done with care jto fit the container. Scald the and if storage is maintained at stalks up to 3 inches i n diameter zero, freezing does not destroy in boiling water 3 minutes. Cool Vitamin C, thiamin (Vitamin B l ) them in water, drain and pack. or riboflavin (Vitamins B2 or G). Freeze immediately. Keep in mind to allow a headSpinach, Swiss Chard, Beet space when packing all liquid Greens, Kale and Mustard. Wash foods to be frozen. Never aim to the leaves until free of sand and keep these foods too long m cold grit. Cut away the decayed thick storage. stems. Use 3 gallons of water per Prepared Foods pound of vegetables. Scald the Chicken a la King leaves in rapidly boiling water. Baked Beans The large volume of water is Stews required to keep the leaves from matting and to insure uniform Spaghetti Dishes heating. Again, avoid matting of Casserole Dishes leaves, during cooling in cold All Cooked Meats running water. Complete drainMeat Loaves ing will not be possible as water Roast Fowl — Turkey adheres to the leaves. This extra Meat Pies moisture will become part of the French Fried Potatoes cooking water. Pack the spinach Soups in containers and freeze. Fruits and Vegetable Juices Beets, cut the tops off and preOn Freezing Vegetables Beans, green or wax, select cook them just long enough to only tender, crisp pods. Cut the loosen the skin. Cool, remove beans into 1 inch lengths or pack- peel, may be sliced or put in ed whole, scald the beans two whole if they are small. Pack in moisture proof, containers and minutes, cool, pack and freeze. Beans, Lima or Butter, Harv- freeze. Broccoli, select dark green, est lima beans while they are i n a green stage. Shell, scald the compact heads. Wash and separshelled beans i n boiling water for ate into serving size portions. 2 to 3 minutes. Cool, pack, and Scald in boiling water for 3 to 5 minutes. Cool, let it drain, packfreeze. Asparagus, tender spears of as- age, and freeze.
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18
OCTOBER 31, 1962
Pakistan Muslim: Muhammad's Work, Not Words, True Test Of Greatness (This is the third and final i n a series on the Muslim movement in America under the leadership of The Honorable Elijah M u hammad by a leading Pakistan Muslim. M r . Naeem, a noted world traveler and lecturer, brings his experience to bear to explain and appraise the present anti-Muslim attitude exhibited in the United States.) By A B D U L B A S I T N A E E M For decades the U.S. Press carried on an ugly and unholy campaign to discredit the Muslim Faith—by misrepresenting everything Islam stands for. Today i t is merrily engaged i n misrepresenting the man who, i n t h i s wilderness, stands for Islam—the Honorable Elijah Muhammad. Most American writers, their — hearts "sealed" by perennial themselves Baptists, Jehovah's proddings from the pulpit and Witnesses or Catholics. haranguing of the rabbis, cannot No longer do they worship the and will not even attempt to un- graven" images" "forbidden bv t'he. derstand Mr. Elijah Muhammad's Scripture itself." No longer do Mission. Whatever the signifi- ' they belong to the Church or look cance and symbolic interpreta- up to the Cross for spiritual tion of his utterances, they have guidance. ("How can a Sign of already labeled him "persona Death uplift or guide anyone?") non grata" and so in the eyes of No longer do they believe that the world's "Most Liberal Press" Christ died for them. And no will he remain! longer do they wear on their perEqually determined, however, is the Honorable Elijah Muhammad in his aim to reach out to A L L of Allah's down-trodden people here in the Wilderness of North America and to provide them the Message of a NEW LIFE (Islam) that would "almost overnight eliminate all ills afflicting them." BROTHERHOOD OF ISLAM A partial result of his endeavors, in fact — which, in turn, reflects the Will of Allah (God) — is already evident: Hundreds upon hundreds ofblack men, women and children in every nook and corner of the United States — once godless or ABDUL BASFT NAEEM Christians all have, of their own free will, joined the vast and powerful Brotherhood of Islam. That is to say, they now believe E a r t h in A L L A H , the One True God, His Prophets and the Holy Quran. Yes, no longer do they call P a i n t e r s
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son the ornaments representative of Chi isitanity "that promised all the Heavens but not a tiny piece of this earth we could call our own!" CHANGE I N BELIEFS A change in one's beliefs, however, does not by itself constitute an event of major importance. Lots of people change over to the Catholics' side and quite a few Catholics begin to profess Frotestantism. ONLY THE MUSLIMS NEVER CHANGE THEIR F A I T H . ("Once a Muslim, always a Muslim!") Also, when you become a Muslim, that is no ordinary i switch- • WHY? Because when you declare that "There is but One True God. A L L A H , and that Muhammad is His Prophet," you suddenly recognize yourself, your ! purpose in life, your potentialities, your capabilities. PURPOSE I N LIFE Your feet become firmly planted on the Path of Righteousness, your hands eager for hard work, , your mind the absolute master of ! CHARS N U C L E A R HORROR — President Mohammad A y u b its sensitive mechanism. Your ; eyes steadily focused on the Ban- Khan of Pakistan asked the United Nations to w r i t e a pact ner of FREEDOM, JUSTICE and curbing the arms race or face nuclear annihilation. The PakiEQUALITY, you realize that you stani president told 108 member states i n the U N General A s sembly: " I shudder to reflect that carriers hover over this need not look back, ever! Islam permits no hypocrisy; planet every instatot, that invisible rockets from under the you either accept Islam in TO- earth and the sea — and also perhaps from outer space—ara TALITY or you cannot call your- ready at any moment to launch nuclear and thermo-nuclear self a Muslim. You either sub- death i n a war of extermination at but a single word of commit yourself to the Will of Allah, mand from those who hold awesome power. This immediate in entirety, or you are still a de- peril demands that the general assembly give urgent considerafiant infidel. You either love A L - tion to the conclusion of a treaty to outlaw the further spread L A H or you may very well be of nuclear weapons and the knowledge of their manufacture, whether by acquisition from the present nuclear powers or by Continued on Page 23) any other means."
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MUHAMMAD'S TEMPLE OF ISLAM 113 Lenox Avenue New York 26, N.Y. Sir: Enclosed is a one dollar ($1.00) money order (or check). Please rush me the sensational record, "WHITE I'S HEAVEN IS A BLACK MAN'S HELL" Send tot
"THE
(FALL 1962)
NEW IMAGE OF AFRICA"
For the first time read what AFRICANS have to say about AFRICA! In this issue you will read: "AFRICA'S/ LIBERATION AND UNITY"
1
—by DR. KWAME NKRUMAH, Pres. of Ghana
"A LETTER OF GREETING"
—by JOMO KENYATTA
"AFRICAN NATIONALISM: A HISTORICAL INTERPRETATION"
—by E. U. Essien-Udopi
"SAMANTAASE VILLAGE"
—by Eufa Sutherland
'HOW THE WESTERN PRESS DEFAMES AFRICA" —by Charles P. Howard
— And 20 Other Contributors —
Art by KOFI ANTUBAM of Ghana and Amercan Artist. ELTON FAX
I
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IS
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^tHHHtHiitMrmHiiiniuiuHimiamMHHiHiHiiiiiMHiitmiKHHHmtiitnMHnimimiiiiiuiiimiiiHuiHNfmifnrmiii
Ghanian Press Reprints Muhammad Speak's Article NEW Y O R K — Muhammad Speak's sensational documentary article, "Who Wants N k r u m a h K i l l e d " was reprinted i n a Ghanian newspaper last week and helped sell-out the publication i n record time. The article, w r i t t e n by U N Correspondent Charles Howard, analyzed the motives behind two recent bomb attempts to assassinate Ghanian President Kwame N k r u mah. I t revealed the basic animosity towards N k r u m a h harbored by European imperialists who regard the great leader as their most dangerous foe. Samuel Quaye, Ghanian postal official, said i n a letter to Sister Christine Johnson, principal of the University of Islam i n Chicago, "The people are behind Kwame N k r u mah. They are more determined than ever to r i d Africa from the yoke of foreign domination — for good." "Muhammad Speak's article, was recently reproduced in a newspaper here and what a stir i t caused. People are beginning to realize now who is behind a l l this nonsense in Ghana. . ." Muhammad Speaks, one of the youngest national publications on the American scene, has rapidly grown to become one of the most far-reaching and influential. ;iftt»itfti!!iiirMiitiiiiifttiiiifititittittiiitittiiiiiiiftiiiiittitttfiiitiiiiiiiiiiititiUftitttitirtiiiiKi'ittiiffttintitHiitiiiitiiittttti
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Guinea's S e k o u Toure Tells W h y Africa Must Be United By CHARLES P. HOWARD, SR. Accompanying me for the i n The one man who masterminded the Guineans through terview were Ambessador Diallo their refusal to join the group of autonomous republics w i t h i n Telli, Guinea's Permanent Reprethe French Community and who successfully led the nation sentative to the United Nations; Ambassador Charles A. through that serious economic squeeze was Sekou Toure, their and Snetter. Liberia's ambassador to President. Guinea. Ambassador Diallo TelI first met him at the United li was acting as interpreter. Nations in November, 1956. A t and at the same time his extraRemembering the effort of certhe close of the interview he gave ordinary energy and sharp sense tain forctA to pin the "red label" me three books that he had au- of responsibility. There is also on him, I asked if he could give thored. They covered his labor the incalculable amount of v i r - me, say in capsule form, a genunion activities, copies of his tues and values of almost two eral statement of his country's speeches, and essays covering his hundred million Africans, the foreign policy. political philosophies. I was deep- tremendous possibilities which He started out by saying, "We ly impressed by his mental vigor tins represents and the intellectual potential which this may define our foreign relations as and his courage. follows: the foreign policy of our He struck me as a man of great hold. state rests on Guinean interests, humility with his feet firmly I had an hour and a half with which must be perfectly in line planted on solid earth. President Toure in Guinea a few and strictly concomitant with A f weeks ago. He received me in rican interests. UN SPEECH I recall that in his speech de- his spacious office in the Presi"In fact, a vertical development dent's Mansion in Conakry. As livered before the United Na- he came in I was impressed with in Guinea would inevitably retions General Assembly on No- his youth and vigor — Bom in sult in estranging us from Africa, vember 5, 1959, he said: 1922, he had just reached 40. He cutting us off from' our African was dressed in an immaculate environment; hence, whatever Populations which include the quality and value of that demore than 80 per cent of illit- shortvsleeved kakhi outfit, typi- velopment, it would be extremely erate peasants, with an annual cal of what is commonly worn in frail, since, in causing our isolaindividual income of less than tropical areas. I saw many Gui- tion, it would weaken us." one hundred dollars, and there- neans similarly dressed on the He continued, "The total liquifore, with the most precarious streets of Conakry. His height conditions of life—these are the and breadth reminded me of an dation of imperialism and colonharsh realities of Africa, when i t ex-college fullback, now a young ialism is essential to our safety, is no longer masked behind the businessman who had just taken to achieve the conditions for our historic development. Our interridiculous veil of exoticism which over his father's business. national political action has an hides from unaware eyes the coFOREIGN POLICY lossal misery of our vast under"Mr. President," I remarked, African character, all the more developed countries at present "you do look to be in wonder- since our home policy is founded sparsely populated because of ful health." He replied "actually upon the true material and moral centuries of slavery. I am very tired." interests of the African masses." And yet in this poverty, of w h i c h humanity should be ashamed, there is man, with his invisible faith in the destiny of humanity; there is his hope, his Amazing 4-Transi^or Portable at New Low Price usually determination to win and to $39.95. Send Cash, Check or Money Order for $24.95 grow; his immense spiritual ORDER DIRECT BY MAIL AND SAVE! brotherhood and harmony, his AKBAR IMPORTS kindness still in its purest form; 116 HUTCHINGS STREET ROXBURY 21, MASS.
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3 Baileys - Pearl Bill Eura — Show Biz Rarity By BOB DONN PHILADELPHIA — (ANP)— Three stars in one family are rare in show business. But it's not rare to Mrs. Ella Mae (Bailey) Robinson, mother of singers Pearl and Eura Bailey
WINNER OF THE NATURAL BEAUTY citation for this issue of Muhammad Speaks is pert, charming Miss Josie Cain, a beauty consultant and salesday at one of Chicago's largest drug
and tap dancer Bill Bailey. "Yes, they're all my children," admitted the proud 66-year-old Philadelphian. " I raised them right under this roof and this is where they learned about show business."
chains. Miss Cain, a collegetrained Chicagoan, declares her main interest is i n pursuing a business career in the cosmetic field. Until then, says Miss Cain, marriage can wait.
Find Lily-White TV Shows Increase Racist Climate NEW YORK'"— The fact that TV is an all-day lily-white show is one of the contributing causes to the "Mississippi" mentality, it was asserted here last week by the New York Society for Ethical Culture. "Children are exposed to a lily-white screen and women's serials have less than token depiction of the Negro," a report by the society stated. The report was issued after 60 volunteers had watched three network-owned stations in New York. "If television showed some
leadership it might be possible to avoid what is happening i n Mississippi today.'This is a plot and effort to find out the truth which would apply to other minorities as well," the Ethical Culture group said. The survey was worked out by Dr. Lawrence Plotkin, assistant professor of psychology at City College; Douglas Pugh, personnel director of Trafalgar Hospital and Regina Lowewenstein, statistical consultant.
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She pointed to her attractive $20,000 home in the heart of one of the city's oldest home-owner sections. PHENOMENAL SUCCESS The life of the Baileys has paralled that of most average American families except for their phenomenal theatrical success. From childhood, Pearl, Eura and Bill — and sister, Virgie, who chose beauty culture instead of the stage, enjoyed a variety of things. But two nights they always congregated in the basement to put on a sort of minstrel show for friends and neighbors. The stage was several crates nailed together. "It was like a contest," Baid Bill. "Whoever won got an apple or a piece of candy. The people would clap for the one they liked best each night" Mrs. Bailey, a talented mother who spent much of her early life (she was an only child) entertaining herself with songs and dance routines, directed the amateur productions. EURA FIRST ON 'BIG TIME' Eura was the first to break the big time when after starting out as a singing waitress i n 1937, she became lead vocalist with Dizzy Gillespie, Oscar Pettiford, Johnny Sparrow and Benny Green. Work was plentiful and Eura tried to interest orchestra leaders in sister Pearl, "but they weren't interested." While Eura made famous her torrid versions of "Lucky Old Sun" and "Lover Come Back To Me," she was getting top billing in Washington, Detroit, London, Miami and Singapore. Pearl had meanwhile been singing theater dates since she was 13, and had broken into a theater amateur hour with her sensational young version of "On The Sunny Side of the Street." PEARL RECORDS 'TIRED' But her name wasn't important until after World War I I , when Pearl, still climbing, broke into Broadway with her big recording "Tired." A hit record, its b i l lowing success was followed by "Poor Butterfly," five motion pictures — foremost of which
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WRITES SONGS Domino — with his arranger, Dave Bartholomew — writes most of the songs he records and uses during his personal appearances. He is no Cole Porter. His man-in - the - street approach to a tune has won for him an enduring fandom. He is booked solid 52 weeks of the year — playing night clubs and concerts across the length and breadth of the nation. It has been said that Fats Domino is seen "live by more people than any of his contemporaries." As for Domino, he is happiest when performing — and he is in constant demand. Domino is married and the father of seven children. He does not get to see them as often as he'd like, but as he said: "I'm going to retire one day— just as soon as I can earn enough to ensure the future of my family."
"EXOTIC SUITE OF T H E AMERICAS." — R C A Victor By A L B E R T A N D E R S O N (2571). Perez Prado and associates. Tunes: "Theme of Two S T R I C T L Y J A Z Z — T h e column this week is devoted strictWorlds;" "Blues in C Major;" ly to jazz. Starting with a disc showcasing the talent of pianist "Midnight in Jamaica;" "Mama Clare Fischer, here is the musical fare: Yo Quiero;" "Son of a Gun;" " F I R S T T I M E OUT" — Pacific Jazz L P (52). Tunes: "Ni"Jacqueline & Caroline;" "El Reficario;" "I Could Mave Danced gerian Walk"; "Todler"; "Stranger"; "I've Been Free Too AD Night." Long"; "Piece for Scotty"; "Blues for Home"; "I Love You." Prado tries to cover all bases Personnel: Clare Fischer, piano; Gary Peacock, bass; Gene with this disk. The Cha-Cha, Stone, drums. Mambo king plays, among other " F R O M T H E H E A R T " : — Atlantic L P (1387). Hank Crawthings, a musical tribute to America's First Lady and First ford with the Ray Charles band. Tunes: "Don't Cry Baby"; Daughter from a Latin American "Sweet Cakes"; "You've Changed"; "Baby, Let Me Hold Your suite, American blues and Latin Hand"; "Sherri"; "The iPeeper"; "But on the Other Hand"; rhythms, in his musical jaunt "Stoney Lonesome"; "What Will I Tell My Heart." Personnel: across (he Western Hemisphere.. [ Crawford, alto saxophone; John Hunt, Phil Guilbeau, trumpets; Despite his roaming, however, ha Dave Newman, tenor saxophone; Leroy Cooper, baritone saxodoes very well with these tracks,' phone; Sonny Forrest, guitar; Edgar Willis, bass, and Bruno that are as varied as they are in- ' teresting . . . DIFFERENT BUT Carr, drums. DELIGHTFUL. " B R O A D W A Y P I A N O R A M A " — Capitol (1740). Tunes: "Old Devil Moon"; "Lost in Loveliness"; "Night of My Nights"; MAXIE & SON , " I Got Lost in His Arms"; "Here I'll Stay"; "We Open in VenBARBER SHOP ice"; "The Best Thing, for You"; "Come Rain or Come Shine"; • "Luck, Be a Lady"; "Tall Hope"; "Lonely Town"; "The Gentle601. N. 12th St., Phila., Pa. Man Is a Dope." Personnel: Cy Coleman, piano; unidentified Bro. Clinton X - Bro. Clinton 2X bass, drums, voices. Prop. Phone: PO 3-4452
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PHILADELPHIA, Pa. — Fats' they won't be able to afford to Domino, a bright star in the eat, let alone come to see me." rock-and-roll firmament that is S T I L L POPULAR still orbiting, is worried about all , Domino is not worried about the people who are on the un- I his own future. A lot of rock employment rolls in this country. ] and rollers have flashed on the Domino, pianist-singer - com- j horizon for but a brief moment poser who has sold more than 30 He is still one of the big drawing million records in the past seven cards of the entertainment world. years, knows that if the pinch of His followers are as much among unemployment bites too deep for the adults as the teenagers. a long time, the whole economy He is worried about people in will suffer, the entertainment general. He has heard of the efworld included. fects of automation and its im"Everywhere I go people are plications for the future. He is out of work," he said. "The peo- keenly aware of all the facets of ple who come to see me at night America's persistent high unemHe knows that the clubs and theaters need money ployment. to pay admission and to buy "average" working man is the drinks. If things go on this way, backbone of this country's well being. In his home town of New OrTRIBAL MUSIC TO B E leans, thousands of aluminum RECORDED FIRST TIME plant workers have been furEAST LANSING, Michigan — loughed (laid off). Many of these (ANP) — William W. C. Echezo- people are his fans. But they are na of Nigeria, who recently earn- now forced to drop most things ed a Master of Music degree from in order to pay the rent and buy Michigan State University, proproses to set down for the first time the tribal music of the Ibo people of Nigeria. Heretofore, the music has existed only in tradition.
" F A S T - LIVEN' B L U E S " : — Columbia (1805). Singer Jon Hendricks featured with special band. Tunes: "What Would You Do?"; "Fast Livin' Blues"; "Saturday Night Fish Fry"; "Do You Call That a Buddy?"; " I H Die Happy"; "Another Get-Together"; "Good Old Lady"; "Contemporary Blues"; "Stop and Go Blues"; " I Never Get Enough of You." Personnel: Joe Newman, trumpet; A l Grey, trombone; Billy Mitchell, tenor saxophone; Pony Poindexter, tenor, soprano saxophones; Gildo Mahones, piano; Ike Isaacs, bass; Stu Martin, drums; Hendricks, vocals. " D O N T W O R R Y 'BOUT ME": Mercury L P (20736). 'Mr. B* with strings and unidentified singers. Tunes: '"Till There Was You"; "What Kind of a Fool A m I"; "It Isn't Fair"; "(Love Is) The Tender Trap'; "Beauty of True Love"; "The Exodus Song"; "Guilty"; "Don't Worry "Bout Me"; "Tender Is the Night"; "Jeannie"; "Stranger In Town"; " I Want to Talk About You.".
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OCTOBER 31, 196Z
Negroes Carry Hopes Of College Football Teams Players May Excel Feats f Last Season s Stars By Associated Negro Press Accomplishments of N e g r o players for major colleges last season were regarded as the most remarkable in the history of the sport. Can they be duplicated this year? Perhaps not, but judging from the talent available their contributions will not be shameful. Indeed, it may come close to equalling the collectively brilliant season of Ernie Davis, Bob Ferguson, Sandy Stephens and Curt McClinton, all of whom—except Davis — have become shining lights in professional football. Davis no doubt, would be, too, except for a mysterious blood ailment that has sidelined him at least for this season. The best lineman in the country is likely to be Bobby Bell, a 218-pound All-American tackle at Minnesota. Bell, cf Gastonia (N. C.) has been a star for two previous seasons. 2 From N . C. He will be paired with another North Carolinian (Winston Salem), CartPEller, 234-pound j u n ior tackle. Also on the team is Bill Munsey, Uniontown (Pa.) halfback. Other Big Ten Teams and the best of their Negro personnel: OHIO STATE: Paul Warfield, Ben Espy ana Leon Lindsey, backfield; Matt Shell, Rod Foster and A l Parker, line. MICHIGAN STATE: Sherman Lewis, Dewely Lincoln and Herman Johnson, backfield; Ernie Clark, Matt Sncrton, and Lonhie Sanders, and Jim Bobbitt, line. PURDUE: Forrest Farmer, and
Wally Florence, line, and Tom Bloom, backfield. IOWA: Larry Ferguson and Willie Smith, backfield, a n d Cloyd Webb. line. I N THE EAST In the East, Penn State is touting senior end Dave Robinson as a cinch AU-American. The Nitr tany Lions are considered the best in that sector. Other Eastern team personnel include John Mackey, line and Jim Nance, backfield at Syracuse; Hobie Armstrong, backfield, Nebraska; Ozzie Clay, backfield, Iowa State, and Willie Crenshaw, backfield, K a n s a s State.
MSU'S 17 Negro Players May Top Major Colleges In Football The team's No. 1 safety man is EAST LANSING, Mich. — The Associated Negro Press re- expected to be Hermah Johnson, ported that Michigan State Uni- Plainfield, N . J. versity "has probably the largest Considered second team perdelegation of Negro players in the formers are senior wingback history of major college football." Lonnie Sanders, Detroit, switched MSU's 70-man grid team fea- to the backfield after leading tures 17 highly-rated : Negro MSU ends in 1961; Earl Lattimer, players. a junior fullback .from Dallas, Ends Ernie Clark, Lockport, N . Tex., and a prize sophomore Y., and Matt Snorton, Detroit- tackle, and Dick Gordon, Cincintackle Jim Bobbitt, Buchanan, nati, a defensive specialist, who Mich.; guard Charlie Brown, Pontiac, Mich.; wingback Dewey; was rated last spring as the outLincoln, Hamtramck, Mich., and standing freshman halfback. Still others are Wilfred Henry, tailback Sherman Lewis, Louisville, Ky., Eire rated first stringers Harvey, 111., a sophomore; Ron on a Spartan Team that is bidding Watkins, a senior halfback from for both Big Ten and national Flint, Mich., and Clifton Roaf, Pine Bluff, Ark. ; a senior end. honors.
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WILLIE GALIMORE, fabulous halfback for the Chicago Bears professional football team, is one of many young athletes from small colleges who have gone on to great accomplishments with professional teams in the sports world. Galimore, known around the league as "Wondrous Willie," was the Bears' top ground gainer last season, and looks like he may repeat this season, despite injuries that have permitted him only brief opportunities in several games. He is a graduate of Florida A & M University in Tallahassee — the alma mater of former tennis queen, Althea Gibson.
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OUT WEST Moving further West, the Rocky Mountain area and the West Coast we find: Bobby Smith, backfield, North Texas; Rufus Simmons, line, University of Cincinnati; Bob Bouyer, line, New Mexico; Mike Walker, backf i el d, Wyoming; Charlie Taylor, backfield, Arizona State; Charlie Mitchell, backfield, University of Washington; Ben Wilson and Willie Brown, backfield, Souihern California; Ezell Singleton and Kermit Alexander, backfield. University of California at Los Angeles UCLA; Mai Renfro, backfield, Oregon, and Johnny Johnson, backfield, San Jose State.
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Hit Harassment O f Relief Clients
(Continued from Page 7) den items are television sets, high fidelity phonographs, deep freezes and even telephones. It was pointed out that a reliefer may keep his telephone only if he can prove to toe satisfaction of his caseworker and the IPAC that it is "essential to employment" or if he is i l l and has access to no other telephone. 'Illinois Public Aid Commis-
•
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sion policy," declared Swank's memorandum, "does not condoneextramarital- relationships. This applies to recipients on all public assistance programs. "If recipients do not choose to accept community standards, or to live within state and local statutes, they must expect community censure and possible legal action." A The directive also prodded
caseworkers to exert "every effort. . . to discover the underlying factors which influence the (female) recipient's behavior, so that appropriate measures can be taken to prevent possible i l legitimate Dreenancies. .The memorandum also urged caseworkers to get "illegitimate parents" married, if possible, where the relationship "appears to be stable." The ."crackdown" on luxury i t e m s is reportedly toe outgrowth of the revelation that hard-selling salesmen w?rt. getting . relief clients to sign timepayment contracts. ONE MONTHS GRACE They are given one month in
which to sell or otherwise dispose of items labeled by the IPAC as "luxury," unless the recipient can prove the things were "acquired and owned before he went on relief, or that toe item is a gift." An observer, commenting on toe overall plight of poor people, said: "It's like somebody holding your head under water and then whacking you because you dare to struggle. "You can expect to be called lazy, immoral and criminal i n toe press every so often—and©r if there is a change at toe top
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EVERY WEEK ON JHi St Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. f .i. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sim. Sun. Sun. Sun, Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Tun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun.
T/M8_STAT/0»* S:0OPM KSAN 12:30PM WSID 12:30PM WSID 5:00PM WERD 6:30PM WNOO 5:30PM WERD 10:30PM WCAM 11:15PM WEAW-PM 5:00PM WERD 8:00PM KSAN 6:30PM WBNX 12:30PM WSID 7:00PM WEAW-PM 7:00PM WEAW-PM 8:00PM KSAN 8:00PM KSAN 6:30PM WBNX 10:30PM WCAM 6:30PM WBNX 5:00PM WANT 7:00PM WEAW-PM 10:30PM WCAM 5:00PM WERD 5:00PM WERD 6:30PM WNOO 7:00PM WEAW-PM 12:30PM WSID 5:00PM WANT 6:30PM WNOO 5:00PM WANT 5:00PM WERD 12:00PM KWAM 7:00PM WEAW-PM 5:00PM WANT 6:30PM WNOO 5:00PM WERD 6:30PM WNOO 5 30PM WERD 7:00PM WEAW-PM 5:00PM WANT 12:30PM WSID 7:00PM WEAW-PM 7:00PM WEAW-PM 6:30PM WBNX 6:30PM WBNX 7:00PM WEAW-PM 6:30PM WNOO 7:00PM WEAW-PM 12:30PM WSID 7:00PM WEAW-PM 6:30AM WMIE 5:00PM WERD 5:00PM WANT 8:00PM KSAN 12:30PM WSID 7:03PM WEAW-PM 7:00PM WEAW-PM 7:00PM WEAW-PM 6:30PM WNOO 7:00PM WEAW-PM 7:00PM WEAW-PM 7:00PM WEAW-PM 7:00PM WEAW-PM 12:30PM WSID 8.00PM KSAN 6:30PM WBNX 6:30AM WMIE 6:30AM V.'MIE 7:00PM 7:00PM WEAW-PM 6:30PM WBNX 7:00PM WEAW-PM 7:00PM WEAW-PM 7:00PM WEAW-PM 7:00PM WEAW-FM 7:00PM WEAW-PM 6:30PM WNOO 7:80PM WEAW-PM 6:30PM WBNX
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CITY Alameda, Calif. Alexandria, V a . Annapeti*, M d . Athens, Ga. Athens, Ten*. Atlanta, Ga. Atlantic City, M J . Aurora, I I I . Austell, Ga. Avon, Cal. Babyian, N.Y. Baltimore, M d . Beloit, Wis. Benton Har., Midi. Benucia, Calif. Berliely, Calif. Boonten, N J , Bridaetan, N J . Brooklyn, N.Y. Burkeville, V a . Burlington, Wis. Camden, N J . Corral I ton, Ga. Cartersvifle, Ga. Chotanoega, Tana. Chicago, 111. Claiborne, M d . Cioremont, Va. Cleveland, Tana. Columbia, V a . Covington, Ga. Covington, Town. Cudahy, Wis. Cumberland, V a . Dachard, Ten*. Dallas, Ga. Oalton, Ga. Dawson, Ga. Dixon, I I I . Doiwell, Va, Dover, Del. ? w i g h t , Ul. Eagle, Wis. East Orange, N J . Elisabeth, N J . Elkhart, I n d . Ell jay, Ga. tlpaso, 111. Els ton, M d . Ev ant ton, IN. Exergtades, Hm. f a i r burn, Ga. ftarmville, Va. Felton, Calif. Frederick, M d . Free port, I I I . Forerston, IN. Fort Wayne, test Ft. Fay no, A l a . Gorton City, UL Gary, I n d . GiMmwt, UL Hammond, b i d . Havre De Grace, M d . Helena, Calif. Hempstead, N . Y . Homestead, Fla. Hialeab, Fla. Indianapolis, l a d . Jonesville, Wis. Jersey City, N J . Joliat, I I I . Kenosha, Wis. Lafayette, Ga. Lake Geneva, Wis. Lawrencevifle, Go. Lang Branch, N. J .
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1450 1010 1010 850 • 12(0 860 1310 105.5 860 1450 1380 1010 105.5 105.5 1450 14S0 1380 1S10 1SS0 770 105.5 1310 S60 860 1260 105.5 060 990 1250 990 "50 960 105.5 990 1260 860 1260 860 105.5 990 860 105.5 105 5 1380 1380 105,5 1260 106.5 550 105.5 1140 860 570 1450 860 1053 1053 105.5 1260 1053 1053 105.5 1053 860 1450 1380 1140 1140 1053 1053 1380 1053 1053 1053 1053 1053 1260 1053 1380
or some group lights a fire under a politician. "You are under constant suspicion, with some of toe regulations more stringent than those laid down for parolees. Even when you are above reproach, there is always a caseworker, or some printed item, warning you to watch your step, and spelling out what will happen to you if you stray. "If you're on relief long enough, you're bound to run into the .caseworker or .interviewer who treats you as though you have been duly tried and convicted of being lazy, immoral and criminal — with the sublety of a sledge hammer. It's murder!"
Long Baach, N.J. Lemon City. Fin. Macon, Ga. Madison, Ga. Marietta, GO. McDonough, Ga. Miami, Fla. Michigan City, ' n 4 Millvilla. N.J. Milwaukee, Wi», Momence, I I I . Mt. Vernon, N.V N. Judsen, Ind. Newark, N.J. New Brunswick, N J . New Castle, Dal. Newman, Ga. Now Rachalla, N.V. Now Yam, N.Y. Niles, Calif. Nilaa, Mich. Narris Town, Pn. Oakland. Calif. Gconomowoc, Wis. Oranga, N.J. Ottawa, I I I . Oxford, M d . Palm Baach, Fin. Passaic, N.J. Patterson, N J . Perthambay, N J . Petersburg, V a . Philadelphia, Pn. Pikavifla, Toms. Plymouth, Ind. Pampfan, N.J, Part Huron, Mich. Part Washington, Wis. Paftistown, Pa. Pawtinc, HI. Racine, Wis. Rahway, N J . Richmond, Va. Rachel)., I I I . Rockford, I I I . Rolling Brook, N J . Son Anscimo, Calif. Sandy Hook, M-r. Son Matado, Calif. San Rafaal, Calif. Santa Clara, Calif. Santa Crtn, Calif. Santa Rasa, Calif. Sausalita, Calif. Son Jasa, Calif. Stavenson, A l a . Streatar, IN. South Band, Ind. South Haven, Mich. Saisun, Calif. Talulopaasa, On. Trantan, N J . Upper Maribare. AM. Valnoraisa, Ind. Volleie, Calif. Warran, Va. Washington. O.C Waukeron, IH. Waukesha. Wis. Wool Minister M d . West Paint, N.Y. West Paint, Va. Williamsburg, Vr Wilmington, Dal. Wyonvt, I I I . Yankars, N.Y.
San. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Ssm. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sim. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Son. Sun. Sun. Son. San. Sua. Sun. Sun Sun. Sun. Sun. Tune. Sun. Sun Sun Sun Sun Sum SunSun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun. Sun.
10:30PM 6:30AM 5:00PM 5:30PM 5:30PM 5:30PM 6:30AM 7:00PM 10:30PM 7:00PM 7:00PM «:30PRv 7:00PM 6:30PM 6:30PM 10:30PM 5:30PM 6:30PM 6:30PM 8:00PM 7:00PM 10:30PM 8:00 M 7:00PM 6:30PM 7:00PM 12:30PM 6 30AA. 6:30PM 6:30PM 6:30PM 5:00PM 10:30PM 6:30PM 7:00PM 6:30PM 7:00PM 7:00PM 10:30PM 7:00PM 7:00PM 6:30PM 5:00PM 7:00PM 7:00PM 6:30PM 8:00PM 6:30PM 8:00PM 8:00PM 8:00PM 8:00PM 8:00PM 8:08PM 8:00PM 6:30PM 7:00PM 7:00PM 7:00PM 8:00PM 5:0OFM 10:30PM 12:30PM 7:00PM 8:00PM 5:C1PM 12:30PM 700PM 700PM 12:30PM 6:30PM 5:00PM 6:30PM 6:30PM 7:30PM 9.30PM
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WBNX WBNX WCAM WJU
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possessed by "Shaitan." (toe Devil). WAY OF LIFE Islam, of course, is not merely a dogma or a religion of prayers and rituals alone. I t is a WAY OF LIFE — a philosophy of Action. I t abhors idleness and promises a Heaven-on-earth, i.e., toe good life, to ail who work and work hard. In this respect, the U.S. Muslims may well be setting a precedent for toe rest of the Muslim world, for I know of no Muslim community or group whose members work harder — for self-improvement as well as in the Way of Allah — than the followers of Mr. Elijah Muhammad. Rarely, indeed, does a day go TEACHINGS OF ISLAM The teachings of Islam also constitute a complete Code of Moral Conduct and Ethics. As such, it must affect its adherents' family life as well, and it does. That is why the Muslims claim, and quite rightfully so, that there are no broken homes (or hearts) among them. No divorces, no suicides, no children born out of wedlock. And no juvenile delinquents, either! The U.S. Muslims under the leadership of the Honorable Elijah Muhammad possess many other superb qualities of personal character: UNITY, DISCIPLINE, SPIRIT OF SELF-SACRIFICE, DEVOTION TO A L L THAT IS GOOD. These characteristics may well provide the basis of a great New World of Islam. If toe critics of Mr. Elijah M u hammad fail to comprehend the LOGIC behind his teachings, are they so blind, if I may ask, that they CANNOT SEE the beautiful result it has produced and continues to produce?
1310 860
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THE INSPIRING PHELADEL phia Arena Rally brought more than 12.000 Philadelphia!** and oat-of-towners to hear the Hon-
orable Elijah Muhammad, Mes-1 the black man in America and Minister Malcolm X of New senger of Allah, deliver a factu- the world. The Messenger's chal- ] York smiles confidentially at a lenging -subject vs. j iremark just aial and ana hard-hitting nara-ninmg address auuxcss on a arei>B"»g a«««^-.» was *» — "Islam ™ »—-made —-—7-to him. by- the ai i-A* iii s>9 Here Tr , s r, ' Messenger , I . . . . <„.l:... (Ssaiptnaam la lap) \an\ the past, present and future of Christianity." on stage, (briefcase in
THE
MUSLIMS
during the Muslim public rally. Others on the platform include Minister Thomas J . X . , Minister Robert J X and Brother A l var X .
PRESENT
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