6-7-1963 Rips 'KKK in Cop Clothes!'

HluhammadSpeaKs

\ Dedicated to Freedom, ' Justice and Equality for i the so-colled Negro, he Earth Belongs to Allah Vol. 2—No. 19

n Los

June 7, 1963

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15c—OUTSIDE ILLINOIS 20c

Angeles:

RIPS KKK COP CLOTHES! Minister Blasts Mayor

"LOS ANGELES — Minister Malcolm X has charged the City of Los Angeles with operating a "Ku Klux Klan police force" which uses gestapo tactics against Negroes after a car in which he and a Muslim Brother were riding was forced to the curb by white cops who menaced them with a pistol and a sawed-off shot gun.

They were ordered from their car at gun-point in a poorlylighted section of the city after the men had trailed them from the airport.

THE INCIDENT occurred just 45 minutes after Minister Malcolm had arrived here by plane from New York to attend summations of the trial of 14 innocent Muslims who, though victims of he most wanton police brutality, are being tried on charges of assault.

FOLLOWING their release by the policemen, Minister Malcolm immediately wired a stinging protest to Los Angeles Mayor Sam Yorty.

The text of his message fol- T W O OF THE WORLD'S t o p a t h l e t e s , Floyd Patterson a n d Jackie lows.

Robinson, a s t h e y w e r e interviewed by M u h a m m a d S p e a k s in BirDEAR MR. MAYOR: The "hate campaign" waged m i n g h a m , A l a b a m a , after t h e vicious fire h o s e a n d d o g attacks a g a i n s t by your office against the gen- N e g r o demonstrators. Their candid reactions a r e told in t h e exclueral Negro community and Muslim ViJSious gtoups specifically sive INSIDE BIRMINGHAM feature which b e g i n s on p a g e 1 1 . has made Los Angeles a city yum itiliiniimimi mitwMMWHWWW I WWHIHMWI liitimutuMiitHiMir mm MiM il llllilUIIIIIIIIUIiiltllilil'IMIIil 'rititiritiimtlfltnnnDmniliniMlltlllinil^ wherein white Klansmen disguised as police officers feel free to trample upon the human rights I H o w Many Negroes "Legally Lynched?" \ of any Negro in this city.

YOUR OWN open contempt for (See Page 5) •imiMimimimmiimimmimimiMUMiiHimi mtHimimimi (Continued on page 3)

Mr. M u h a m m a d

T h e O f

Right Self

Defense

By Elijah M u h a m m a d THE SO-CALLED Negroes in Birmingham, Alabama, would be justified by the law of justice if they had killed every dog siced upon them by the hired, tax-paid policemen, for the taxpayers did not hire dogs to police their lives and property.

And if the policemen had fired upon those who defended themselves against t h e bites of savage dogs that the Police Department trained expressly for the purpose of attacking so-called Negroes, they would have been justified by God and the divine law of self-defense to fight (Continued on page 9)

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

L e t t e r Mrs. A my A s hw o o d Garvey is the first wife of the late Marcus Garvey and co-founder of the Back to A frica Movement.

She is now a citizen of Liberia and resides in the Liberian capital of Monrovia where she is engaged in writing the story of Africa.

She will be happy to hear from friends in the Americas and elsewhere with whom she has been out of touch for many years.

Correspondence should be addressed Mrs. Amy Ashwood Garvey, P.O. Box 642, Monrovia, Liberia, West Africa.

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"I have been deeply impressed by Messenger Elijah Muhammad's message of Freedom and Unity in the March 18 issue of Muhammad Speaks, and I wish to compliment him on it.

"The idea of creating Negro markets which can provide food, clothing and housing for them is a noble and humanitarian one.

"That is what the masses need in Africa today, and you who live in the greatest manufacturing country in the world have the opportunity to extend such facilities to your brothers in Africa.

"I sincerely share Messenger Muhammad's desire to see Negroes united in the cause of liberating themselves from the shackles of economic and political sub-

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G servience.

"In fact, I would say that they should even go as far as forming their own political party. The word Negro might soon become obsolete.

"It is gratifying to see that another dynamic figure has arrived in the arena of world affairs. Please convey to your followers my warm salutations.

"I am especially happy to note that your people are expressing tremendous interest and love for Africa which of course, you have a right to do.

"There is no feeling like the feeling of belonging to a country, a people and a nation. I keep praying for you."

Very sincerely yours, Amy Ashwood Garvey

Mr. M u h a m m a d Meharry President Tenn. Schools Board

NASHVILLE, Tenn. — Dr. D. West, president of Meharr Medical College, has been a pointed by Gov. Frank Cleme: as the first Negro to the Tennes see State Board of Education.

William Bowden, also of Nash ville, was named to the Stat Pardon and Paroles Board-ias, week. He is the first Negro to serve on that body.

Deadlocked Jury Refuses to Convict Rochester Muslims

ROCHESTER, N.Y. — While the world spotlight was "investigating" actually were enfixed on the shocking West Coast "Kangeroo-type" trial gaged in an "unwarranted intruagainst Muslims, here on the East Coast an attempt to sion on a religious meeting." "railroad" 15 young Muslims into jail on trumped-up The defendants asserted that they had not assaulted or threat"riot" and "assault" charges ended in a mistrial. ened the police and said the inAn all-white jury of six men and six women gave up vestigating officers were admitwhen they failed to find evidence to warrant convicting ted inside the meeting room as a single one of the 15 defendants. those inside learned the officers The deadlocked jury forced were seeking a "man with a acting Monroe County J u d g e gun."

It is well known that MusGerald S. Hewitt to declare a The case wasaregarded here by lims carry no weapons whats mistrial and to discharge the other **?°2™ ?*L!?*™™^ ever and are searched before link in a long chain of po- tering ju?y after 24 hours of delibera- lice their services. assaults upon Negro citizens, tion. The jury foreman had twice assaults which have seen the Merwyn Kroll, one of 4 defense asked the judge for "further inattorneys assigned defendants structions" and clarifications in victims the oppressors told the jury: "Thetopeople have being heldand"fornottrial." the confusing case. the burden of showing these acts The case began when the Musby each defendFOLLOWING each (whom query, lims, nine from Rochester and were. ..committed however, the Judge, You have a responsibility some observers charged with six from Buffalo, were charged ant jurors to each defendant and giving what they termed "biased with riot and third degree as- toas the system of law instructions") ordered the jury to sault after policemen clubbed to be fairAmerican impartial. The eviresume deliberations "until a their way into their religious dence willand verdict" had been reached. After services in their Mosque under is innocent."show each defendant the deadlock, Judge Hewitt con- the allegation that they were intinued the defendants in bond vestigating a tip that "someone Other attorneys for the defense included Rueben Davis, Allen and ordered the case held over had a gun."

P i c t u r e of t h e M o n t h for calender call until latter part THE DEFENSE pointed out Underburg, and Robert Breanthat the policemen, instead of nan.

SHOWS NEGRO city councilman of Wilmington, Delaware, of the month.

William H. (Dutch) Burton, refusing to "go along with the program" and join other counciimen at the recent JeffersonJackson Day Banquet which entertained Hale Boggs, white supremacist Congressmen! from Louisiana. Walking along with the militant councilman is William J. McChrfferty, 111, son of Hie council's president, who tried in vain to persuade "Dutch" to desist and join dinner. Bnrtnn was helped in Hie demonstration by his independent Democratic Party.

C h a r g e s U.S. Fosters Bias WASHINGTON — The Federal week for creating and supporting government was blasted l a s t nearly 2,000 new job training opportunities under rigidly segMUHAMMAD SPEAKS regated conditions, and of allowing Negroes to be trained in the lowest and menial type jobs.

Vat 2, No. 19 Jane 7, ISO The charge was leveled at die Labor Department's Manpower Published by Development .and Training Program in Alabama, Florida, Geor- FREDDIE THOMAS (right front) research Muhammad's Mosque No. 2 gia and South Carolina by Clar- assistant at the University of Rochester, and ence Mitchell, director of the Minister Robert 634 East 79th St., Chicago 19. III. JX (left front) with Muslims Washington Bureau of the NaABerdeaa 4-8622-23 were forced to stand tried on "assault" tional Association for the Ad- who and "riot" charges after white cops invaded vancement of Colored People.

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the Rochester Mosque during a religions service. Thomas, a civic leader in the Rochester area, was an observer during court proceedings, which ended in a mistrial when the jury was nimble tc reac*

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JUNE 7, 1963

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framed on phony charges and tried in a climate of prejudice by a judge and jury where your race has been systematically excluded?"

Thus the "upside down" trial of 14 victims of Los Angeles "KKK cop's" wound up with a devastating and thorough ripping-to-shreds of the ugly fabric of frame-up and racial hatred behind the April 27th 1962 killing of young Muslim Ronald T. X Stokes, the permanent paralysis of William Rogers and the bruMinister John Shabazz tal shooting of 5 other innocent "this trial has no racial over- the rest of his life. victims.

Thus the trial which began tones."

This fairy-tale brought Witness after witness exposed wrinkled grin even to Judge Da-a when cordons of police under dithe perjury-type tales of the derection of this city's police chiei fense's key witness, William Lee vid Coleman's bench.

H. Parker mauled andTribble, Jr., part-time officer It wound up with the evidence William beat and shot unarmed Muslim? who had previously admitted to of police brutality so blatant and who had been their rea grand jury that he could not well-established before the jury ligious services,attending came to end. identify any of the innocent de- that not even the prosecution at- "It is Christianity, not anIslam fendants as having a gun •— yet Minister John who brazenly took the stand and tempted to defend it. There was that Is onhadtrial," pointed out. "The falsely claimed that Muslim Min- the unchallenged evidence of six Shabazz of America are anxiousister John Shabazz had "fired" suits of clothing needlessly ripped lyNegroes the Muslim trial on a policeman. Tribble'stale was from the- backs of the innocent Loswatching Angeles to see if we are alsdf not only flatly refuted by numereach in exactly the same to be excluded from the recent ous witnesses, but it was re- victims, encyclical released by the head vealed that he had no license to "professional" manner. carry a gun on his alleged "job" NO ONE doubted the truth of of the Christian religion. and that he had at least one pre- Minister John Shabazz when he The same flag that flies over|1 flies over California; vious arrest on his record. told the court that he did not Mississippi i the temple on the night a he said.: The trial, which had brought leave ago when police shot seven Thus in Judge David Coleman's, i n t e r n a t i o n a l repercussions, year killing one of court, 12 all-white jurymen, with, wound up with deputy district at- innocentthatMuslims, he had never owned horrifying facts of vicious ractorney Harold Kippen daring not them; gun; that he had never shot isms of Alabama and Mississippi to call the killing of Stokes "justi- aanyone in his life and that he had a part of the daily atmosphere, j fiable," but attempting to apolo- never seen the officer he is ac- went out admonished to bring. ] gize for it as "most unfortunate," cused of shooting until he saw back a verdict resting upon "faircontradicting the previous coro- him in court. ness and without prejudice." ner's jury verdict of "justifiable homicide."

Minister Shabazz was preceded "We are not on trials America PROTESTING police brutality and demanding equal justice It wound up with the jury giv- on the witness stand by 27-year- is on trial. under the law for black Americans, representatives of CORE ing both the judge and prosecu- old William Rogers, who testified "Islam is not on trial, Chrisfrom the wheel chair that will be tianity is on trial," the words of picket in Los Angeles in front of building where innocent tor a horse laugh and snicker his when Kippen blandly declared only means of locomotion for John Shabazz rung out.

Muslims ore on trial.

Special tomost Muhammad LOS ANGELES—The t h e i r Speaks deep apprehension shocking "mass frame - up over gaining a fair verdict in trial" of innocent Negroes a c l i m a t e dominated by ever to be held in America w h i t e supremacy, despite day-in-and-day-out expowound up here as defense at- the of the flimsy case of torneys for 14 Muslim vic- sure prosecution. tims of this city "KKK in theDefense Attorney Earl Broady cop's clothing" bluntly told asked 10 white women and two white jury, white judge and white men composing the jury white "legal s y s t e m " of "how would you feel if you were

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two white men thrust a police current trial, and both of them 38 pistol through the window admitted that they knew me as into our faces and ordered us the Muslim minister from New the dark-skinned human being in I from car while the other cov- York. the Negro community has given ered the Only upon our demand did they these white officers the impres- gun. us with a sawed-off shot- identify themselves later as Ofsion they can use gestapo tactics against all Negroes in this THEY TRIED in every way to ficers R. W. Hastings and E. H. city with no fear of reprimand provoke us into making a quick Henderson of the metropolitan difrom their own white superiors move so they would have a le- vision, but they never apologized in the Los Angeles Police De- gitimate excuse to shoot us. Know- for their unwarranted action. partment, the City Administra- ing the Los Angeles Police De- THERE IS a strong rumor cirtion or from any court of law. partment and its reputation for culating in this city and throughshooting innocent Negroes, we out the nation that the city adI ARRIVED in Los Angeles on gave them no excuse. here is on the spot American Airlines, flight No. 7 These men never showed us ministration in its present court case involving from New York City at 9:30 last any badge nor did they say they the 14 innocent Muslims who are night, and was met by one of our represented the law—they just falsely charged with aslocal religious officials, Mr. Ed- put guns on us and searched us. saulting being police officers because of ward Sherrill. By 10:15 we were We could have easily mistaken the vicious manner which the both being held at gunpoint by two them for gangsters trying to rob LAPD brutally andin needlessly white men in plain clothes, al- us and resisted them, but we 7 innocent Negroes in front legedly of the Los Angeles Police know how the LAPD operates. shot of the Department.

There would have been plenty of ary. Islamic Religious SanctuThese two vicious looking white bloodshed.

The rumor persists that the city men had followed us from the THEY BECAME shaky after administration cannot afford to airport in a green 59 Chevrolet, we had clearly identified our- acquit these 14 innocent Negroes. license No. KGL966. And when selves and their search revealed Everyone admits that the we reached a poorly lighted sec- there was nothing they could has no case; that it exists state only tion of the city, they forced us to charge us with. Mr. Sherrill rec- because of the false charges the curb at gun-point. One of the ognized one of them from the trumped up by the police and the

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Minister Malcolm X district attorney's office.

EVER SINCE this trial started 7 weeks ago the Los Angeles Police Department has stepped up its harassment of the Muslims throughout the Negro community trying to provoke another inci-

dent of violence that can again be blown up by the press and then used to influence the allwhite jury's decision against us.

They have no case against t h e s e 14 innocent Negroes, sc the Los Angeles Police Department is still trying to make a case.

The provocation in the Negro community is very dangerous, especially with Negro-white race relations already at a crucial low point across the nation. The incident last night of two of your police officers holding me at gunpoint on a Los Angeles street is an act stemming either from extreme ignorance on the part of the Los Angeles Police Departmnt, or extreme desperation on the part of the city administration.

The seriousness of the incident demands an immediate investigation.

Very sincerely, Minister Malcolm X National Representative of the Honorable Elijah Muhammad

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MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

JUNE 7, 1963

Guns Against Blacks!

Even Children T o 'Hate A n d

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School'

Learn to

Kill

". . . Finally, the militarization of the white population has increased daily.

"Faced with this situation, the African National Congress called upon all the African people to join in the struggle, and for the first time to mobilize themselves and to prepare for open battle. The ANC will accept only one outcome of the conflict between the European racists and the African liberation forces— that of total destruction of the system of gangsterism of white domination. . . ."

Oliver T a m b o Vice President, African National C o n g r e s s

CAPETOWN, South Africa — Girls as young as 12years-old are g"oing to official "hate schools" where they learn to despise the black man and throw bombs to maintain white supremacy.

— Almost every one ot the three white, million whites here is officially Thousands of white citizens carrying a gun in the massive known as the "police reserves" attempt to stem the rise of Afri- are training under police supercan nationalists and keep Afri- vision on the use of firearms. All cans under inhuman oppression. of them carry their guns with Women's pistol clubs and other them wherever they go, day or special armed units are every- night. where.

At the same time, the governRECRUITS from 21 to 71 are ment is passing additional disbeing taught how to use firearms criminatory and repressive laws and are being given powers of against the majority cf 13 million arrest. All they have to be is non-whites — thus heightening the

tension which a United Nations investigating team has tabbed as "explosive."

THE LATEST law of repression against non-whites is a new law allowing detention of a political prisoner indefinitely and jailing of a suspect without charges

A n Editor Says What's Good For Negro Is Good for U.S.

By ENOC P. WATERS ~ The President of the United States has not brought to hear the full power of his office on the nation's imageshattering problem of civil rights.

Birmingham is not the disease that makes America ill. tremists on both sides." How It, like Englewood, Chicago, c a n o n e seeking his rights be Jackson, Montgomery a n d extreme in his d e m a n d s Washington — yes, Washing- w h e n they a r e consistent ton—are symptoms, the fes- W i t h established 1 a w and tering sores resulting from principle? A drowning man an infection of racial preju- doesn't whisper, he yells, dice in our national veins J u s t a s S o u t h e r n e r s ri ht . and arteries The> e m e 11 c , tat t t h a t r a c i a l ^ must be applied by the on y c r i m i n a t i o n ^ n o t u s t a person left with authority to S o u t h e r n p r o b l e m > s o N e . do so, the President. Too c a n justly say t h a t much attention is being paid n e i t h e r . g M & ^ g r Q prob _ to the sores and not enough lem. It is a universal ProSto what causes them. but its manifestations ONE OF the peculiar as- lem, in America are the problem pects of Greenwood, Little of all its citizens.

Rock, Clinton, Nashville and Birmingham is that too little THE IMAGE of America attention is paid to the right abroad, created by these unness of the Negro's cause solved racial problems 1 does and too much emphasis is not hurt the Negro so much Enoc P. Waters placed upon his means of at- as it hurts white America, Editor of Associated taining his goals.

So what the Negro seeks Negro Press One of the most nauseat- benefits America — every ing phrases of the editorial American. tient who has already waitwriters and politcians is "ex- How can a Negro be impa- ed 100 years only to discover

ARCHITECT of APARTHEID, which is total suppression and segregation of nan-whites, South Africa Prime Minister Hendrik Verwoerd (upper right) looks down at Sharpesville, where more than 60 Africans were slaughtered in a massacre by police.

Now, almost every white in South Africa is carrying a gun in a massive attempt to maintain white supremacy. for 90 days.

The campaign of "Guns for All Against flacks" and the new laws of suppression are part of Prime Minister Hendrik Verwoerd's strategy to wreck the African nationalist underground and break the back of the Afri-

can's struggle for freedom.

And while the whites frantically arm here, President K w a m e Nkrumah of Ghana, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopa, for the African summit conference, told a vast crowd that Africans "must unite now o%perish."

Bastlan In The San Francisco Qironicla

"The prisoners." thai whites are not even will- Johannesburg Forbids ing to talk the matter over?

But even the so-called im- 'Boy' Tag on Africans patient Negro realizes t h e JOHANNESBURG, South AfriPresident can't wave an ex- ca — While the patriotic African ecutive order and end it all. nationalist underground continBut he can, with forthright ues to harass the white ruling pronouncements, with exec- minority, the Johannesburg City made the headlines by utive orders, with enforce- Council whites to stop calling ments of laws already exist- ordering ing and with an assiduous grown African men "boys." adopted unanimousfollow-up, accelerate the re- ly Thebyreport, council, said that alization of the dream of a Africans theresented being called land of the free. "boys" when, in fact, they were_ TO BE SURE, it might men. forestall his legislative pro- Every African worker throughgrams, but it will save the segregationist South Africa patient—and I think there is out is some kind of "boy"—domesmutual agreement that the tics, "house boys," gardeners, patient is worth saving. "garden boys," etc.

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JUNE 7, 1963 . . . A n d as it is i n

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N e g r o e s Whites LYNCHING!—Thousands of Negroes have been killed without benefit of the court's "blessing" as was this man who was hung from a treastle and shot 30 times near Covington, Ky. Now Negroes are victims of legal murder in American courts where equal-justice under the law is a farce.

WASHINGTON, D.C.—Quietly and unnoticed, the most lopsided legal destruction of human beings is occurring in the U.S.A., where Negroes in wholesale numbers are sentenced to death with the sanction of "the state."

It is known the world over that * Negroes constitute only 10 per 82 Negroes to 35 whites. cent of America's 180 million In 1962, 19 Negroes and 28 white population — but it is not known persons were put to death that they constitute more than throughout America.

50 per cent of those .executed for "crime."

Strictly speaking, more whites Thus in America the majority than Negroes were executed last of the legally murdered are mem- year. bers of the oppressed minority. But the 1962 figures of death take on an effEirgly- different asin the light of a "country THE UNABASHED figures be- pect population is 159 million low are from the National Pris-. whose and only 19 million Neoner Statics agency of the U.S. whites .

Department of Justice. They in- groes in this respect, a much cluded only those Negroes exec- Viewed percentage of Negroes than uted by the pronouncement of a higher were legally murdered in judge—not the lynched, the mob- whites 1962 incount relation to theraces, total popukilled, or those killed by "parties lation for both unknown."

SINCE 1930, 3,298 persons hav* THE DEPARTMENT reports been put to death for murder. Nethat over a 32-year period in groes accounted for 1,619 m America various States have put slightly less than half of this to^ 11111M i! 1111111111111111M1111111M111 i 1111 (11M11M111111111111 i 11111111111 i IM M111M11: i 11 i 111 • 111111M11111 i 11 i I! 111! IM11 i M11M11 i 11^ to death a total of 2,049 Negroes tab And for rape in the same period | "is there any assurance that none of those executed is remed=j —and 1 722 Whites.

This is the dark, genocidal ^have 45 whites but 399 Negroes § table? Can it even be asserted that none of them is innocent? = shadow oL "legal death . which beenthink executed.

I don't it is possible thai hangs ov^the Negro in his na Negroes = "There are fewer and fewer condemned by common law and E live commit more capital ofland — particularly the im fenses than whites," an putstandpoverished, those without "impor= more and more condemned for political reasons. . . .

E P ub l ic defender told Muham tant" friends — the~"majority ing mad Speaks. | " H e n c e our society must now defend herself not so much | within the minority.

A veteran of 32 years on the E against the individual as the State. . . . | The U.S. Department of Justice public Defender staff in Branion has perhaps "Let the State begin and abolish the death penalty" ought to = agency reports that in 1947,just John murderM more than any in thedetwo years after the close of World {ended m eadmits nman charged United States but he haswitt = be our rallying cry today. . . . " I War II, m which thousands of America, 111 Negroes were lost some to the electric chair | ALBERT CAMUS 1 Negroes executed, fought comparedandwithdied only for 42 whites for the same year.

E (The late Algerian Nobel Prize Winner) f 'PREJUDICE has a lot to dc iillllllllllimillllllllllllllllllll llllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillE IN 194S> the legal death toll was (Continued on page 6)

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

'Murder'

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isiana, and Texas. Included also is the District of Columbia, the R a p e in Mississippi with convictions in the South," capital of America. he asserted. "There is no question % my mind that southern "The d e a t h p e n a l t y a s Whites G o juries are swayed by the race it is n o w a p p l i e d a n d question and vote against you if you're a Negro. h o w e v e r rarely it m a y Free But "Murder is a killing. It is pre- b e , is a revolting butchmeditated," Atty. Branion pointed out. "But most killings by Ne- ery, a n o u t r a g e inflictNegroes Die groes are done on the spur of the moment, in the heat of passion. e d on t h e person a n d WASHINGTON—The State of "Negroes are piled up there in the ghetto. They exist under tre- b o d y of m a n . a n d there Mississippi*has executed 21 Nemendous social and economic is not a m a n of normal groes for afpe since 1930. pressures which force things to sensitivity w h o , at the During those years not a single happen that would not happen if white man has been put to death they were not under such a ter- m e r e t h o u g h t of such by that state for the same ofrible strain. fense, though many cases of raping Negro girls and "BECAUSE a man has a black crude surgery d o e s not whites women have occurred and have skin, they're prejudiced against feel n a u s e a t e d . " been reported to police and subhim right away. The prejudice forgotten. against Negroes starts simply beAlbert C a m u s sequently THE AMERICAN Civil Libercause of his color," said the noted ties Union has appealed to the defender of the oppressed and U.S. Supreme Court for a review poverty stricken. of the case of still another Negro Atty. Branion's pointed obser- Arkansas, Virginia under death sentence in Missisvations concerning justice for Nesippi on a charge of raping a groes in the South are more than white woman. born out by the National Prisoner Statistics report.

The Union argues that the deFlaunt D u a l fendant, George A. Gordon, had been arrested illegally; had conSince 1930 in the State of Misfessed involuntarily: been denied sissippi, 122 Negroes but only 29 S t a n d a r d a swift preliminary examinawhites have been executed for all tion; been represented inade- THIS NEGRO YOUTH was the victim of an outside-the-court offenses. For murder in Missisquately at the trial by a court- lynching, in the days when authorities investigated the alleged sippi, the legal death toll is 98 For D e a t h appointed attorney; and had been crime after the suspect had been dragged out and hanged to Negroes and 29 whites for that denied a fair hearing because the period. For rape, 21 Negroes and LITTLE ROCK—A white man Negroes tree by white racists. Modern-day "justice" is much are systematically ex- morenearest no whites. sophisticated. show that Negroes hanged, elecwas acquitted here of raping a cluded from petit and grand jury- trocuted or gassed toStatistics death outnumber by a 5 to 1 ratio.

17-year-old Negro girl who had | In some areas no white man has beenwhites IN ALABAMA, 107 Negroes and served his family as a baby sit-1 duty in Mississippi. put to death by the 26 whites have been executed for ter. authorities, but Negroes, whose crimes were no worse and all offenses (since 1930). Alaba- Jerrell David Sharp, 32, walked Word To Cops Who often not as bad, were not so fortunate. ma's toll for murder is 80 Negroes from the courtroom here a free as opposed to only 24 whites. For only a few months after Tapped Phone: rape. 20 Negroes and two whites. man another white man, in Lynch- •Negroes Unafraid In Georgia, 296 Negroes and 66 burg, Va., was being acquitted of j H i g h $ Cost Of Bigotry whites have beeri legally put to a rape charge, though he had! BIRMINGHAM, Ala. — Rev. Ralph D. Abernathy, long-time death for all offenses since 1930. been caught by a policeman in I COLUMBIA, S.C.—South CarCollege PresiFor murder, 232 Negroes and only the act of raping an 11-year-old' aide to Dr. King, speaking di- olina have spent the dentButR. Clemson C. Edwards called Gantt rectly into a "police bug" (re- 840,000 could 63 whites have died in that period. Negro girl. helping some of its iman "excellent student" and adAnd for rape, 58 Negroes and but AT PRESENT—another Lynch-: cording device "secretly" in- poverished citizens. three whites have been executed. burg citizen awaits death in the ' stalled I attached to the church Instead, it chose to squander mitted that there is not a hardOTHER STATES with similar electric chair—charged with rap- j podium; the money in court fees in a er working young man at the records of slaughtering Negroes ing a white woman who could i "Mr. Policeman, we want you . futile attempt to prevent Har- school. while taking a far more "reason- not positively identify him. to know that Negroes aren't! vey Gantt from becoming the hasn't missed a class able" attitude toward whites in- It took the all-white jury here ' afraid of you white folks any- j first Negro student to be ad- and"Heis passing in everything," clude North and South Carolina; only 45 minutes to acquit the more.'' mitted to an all-white school. asserted Edwards.

Maryland, Virginia, Florida. Ken- white man Sharp. He walked 1 tucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Lou- home a free man.

O N NATIONWIDE RADIO! THE H O N O R A B L E E L I J A H VISIT (Continued from page 5)

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AREA STATION DIAL. KC ATLANTA — GRIFFIN, GA WERD 860 ATLANTIC CITY —VINELAND, N. J WDVL I270 AUGUSTA, GA.—COLUMBIA, S.C WAUG 1050 BALTIMORE, MD WSID 1010 AAr BIRMINGHAM, ALA XERF 1570 "' CAMDEN, N. J WEEZ 1590 CHATTANOOGA, TENN WNOO 1260 CHICAGO— EVANSTON, ILL WEBH-FM 93.9 MUHAMMAD columbus, ga. — phenix city, ala wcls isso IVlUnMIVWVIMU DALLAS, TEXAS XERF 1570 HOUSTON, TEXAS XERF 1570 JACKSON, MISS XERF 1570 Everv7 W e e k Kansas city, mo xerf 1570 LITTLE ROCK, ARK XERF 1570 LOS ANGELES, CALIF KAPP-FM 93.5 MIAMI — FT. LAUDERDALE, FLA .WFAB 990 O n the R a d i o miami—ft. Iauderdale, fla wmie imo MONROE, LA XERF 1570 NASHVILLE, TENN XERF 1570 NEW ORLEANS, LA XERF 1570 Station NEW YORK, N. Y. — NEWARK, N. J WBNX I380 NEW YORK, N.Y. —NEWARK, N. J WWRL 1606 OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA XERF 1570 , w „ PHILADELPHIA, PA. —CHESTER, PA WEEZ 1590 In Your A r e a phoenix, ariz kwbx 1440 RICHMOND—PETERSBURG, VA WANT 990 SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS XERF 1570 SAN DIEGO, CALIF. .

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SUN. 9:30 P.M. SUN. 9:30 P.M. SUN. 9:30 P.M. sun. 9:3op.m.

SUN. 9:30 P.M. SUN. 7:30 P.M. SUN. 1:00 P.M. sun. 6:3oa.m.^ SUN. 9:30 P.M. SUN. 9:30 P.M. SUN. 9:30 P.M. SUN. 6:30P.M. FRI. I 1:30 P.M. SUN. 9:30 P.M. SUN. 10:00P.M. sun. io:3oa.m.

SUN. 5:00 P.M. SUN. 9:30 P.M. SUN. 6:00 P.M. SUN. 8:00 P.M. SUN. 9:30 P.M. SUN. 10:30 P.M. SUN. 9:30 P.M. sun. 5:3op.m.

SUN. 10:00 P.M.

JUNE 7, 1863

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

H o w

to

Tell

Whose THROAT If

D o g

Is

in

........pj.

D o u b t

ATLANTA, GA.—The big police dogs of Birmingham erringly and without benefit of the State's written codes and who's not.

bit Negroes unon who's Negro

However, if any dog had become confused in the struggle he could have dashed over to City Hall and gotten an unmistakable set of legal definitions to guide him as to who best to bite — particularly with the snaggled-toothed bite of white supremacy.

In the wake of the fire hose and dog mayhem inflicted upon peace~~tuj people, MUHAMMAD SPEAKS' research department dug into the dusty archives of Southern and Border states to find how dog or master would define "Negro."

THERE ARE odd variations, coses for WO years, placing "African descent."

"African" states, is one and the same

but strong unanimity, dating back in some the stamp of inferiority upon anyone of and "Negro," in the legal lexicon of these thing.

THE AMOUNT of African blood that flows in one's veins—this barometer which determines life and death, jobs and education, tion and discrimination—nof the constitution of the U.S.A. On whom to sic the dogs?

These guide:

quotations

from

the

To whom to deny statutes

in these

D e f i n i t i o n

is the segrega-

dignity? states

are

the

indelible

f o r

D i s c r i m i n a t i o n ARKANSAS

"Persons in whom there is a visible and distinct admixture of African blood be deemed to belong to the African race; all others shall be deemed to belong to the white race."

FLORIDA

A Negro., colored, colored persons, mulatto or persons of color is "every person having one-eighth or more of African or Negro blood."

GEORGIA

A Negro is "anyone with any ascertainable trace of either Negro or African, West Indian, or Asiatic blood in their veins . . . All descendants of any person having either Negro or African, West Indian or Asiatic Indian Blood in his or her veins shall be known in this state as persons of color."

A white person in Georgia means: "only persons of the white or Caucasian race who ' tTno ascertainable trace of African, West Indian, Asiatic Indian, Mongolian, Japanese, or Chinese blood in their veins. No person . . . whose ancestors have been duly registered with, the State Bureau of Vital Statistics as a colored person or person of color, shall be deemed a white person."

TENNESSEE

The word "Negro" includes mulattoes, mestizos and their descendants having "any blood of the African race in their veins."

TEXAS

The term "Negro" includes "every person of African descent" or persons of mixed blood descended from Negro ancestry.

VIRGINIA

Colored persons and Indians defined: "Every person in whom there is ascertainable any Negro-African blood shall be deemed and taken to be a colored person, and every person having one-fourth or more of American Indian blood shall be deemed an American Indian; except that members of Indian tribes living on reservations and having one-fourth Indian blood and less than one-sixteeth of Negro blood shall be deemed tribal Indians so long as they are domiciled on such reservations." » ALABAMA

The word "Negro" includes mulatto. The word "mulatto" or the term "person of color" means a person of mixed blood "descended on the part of the father or mother from Negro ancestors," without reference to or limit of time or number of generations.

Super-Blood Power One drop of "Negro" blood makes one a Negro. But one drop of "white" blood, however, does not make one "white" . . .

OKLAHOMA

The term "colored" shall be construe5~temean all persons of African descent who possess any quantum of Negro blood and the term "white" shall include all other persons.

LOUISIANA

A Negro is "any person with any appreciable mixture of African blood."

MARYLAND

A Negro is—"any persons of Negro descent to the third-generation."

MISSISSIPPI

Persons with one-eighth or more of Negro blood.

MISSOURI

"In case of a jury trial to determine race, the jury trying the case may determine the proportion of Negro blood in any party from the APPEARANCE of the person."

NORTH

CAROLINA

SOUTH

CAROLINA

"Every person who has one-eighth Negro blood in his veins and descent to the third generation, inclusive," is a Negro.

Persons who shall have one-eighth or more of Negro blood.

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS Prayer Service in

JUNE 7, 1963

Islam

I give to you as follows the words of Maulana Muhammad Ali on equality in Islam before God and Man. There has been so much difference and outright snarling of the black so-called Negroes im the society of equality with the members of non-darker-people that it is often said by the lighter skinned Muslims that Islam has no color line because of the white marts color line drawn in Christianity between white and black, and especially between the American so-called Negroes.

But there is a line, drawn by Allah, between the devils and the original people. Of course, the devils are known to IWpale white with blue eyes, and it is mentioned in the Holy Qur-an 20:102, as they being the people who will be gathered together for the destruction.

PRAYER "All services rendered by words and bodily actions and sacrifice of wealth are due to Allah.

Peace be on thee, O Prophet! and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be on us and on the righteous servants of Allah. I bear witness that none deserves to be worshipped but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger."

AFRICAN NEWSMEN coll at office of Mu- Kesse, Ivory Coast journalist; C. C. Mojekwo, hammad Speaks newspaper in Chicago. The Federal Public Service commissioner, Lagos, stop was part of their itinerary, sponsored by Nigeria, and attorney-journalist; Atty. the U. S. State Department and covering a George Francis, U. S. State Department; 45-day tour of the nation. Outside the news- John Ali, national secretary of the Muhampaper office (left to right) are Bernard Kopa, mad's Mosques of Islam, and John Langs of THE SERVICE of prayer is divided into two parts, one to be Ivory journalist; Marc Biscayaret, U. S. the International Institute of Education, offisaid in private and the other to be performed in congregation, State Coast Department French interpreter; Jean cial escort. preferably in a Mosque. While the private part is meant simply for the development of the inner self of man, the public part has other J p i e E d i t o r ends as well in view; ends, indeed, that make the Islamic prayer a mighty force in the unification of the human race.

A Different View of Haiti s Duvalier In the first place, this gathering of all people living in the same vicinity five times daily in the Mosque, is a help to the establish- There is at present a very share a great part of the pean churchmen and to the ment of healthy social relations. In the daily services these relations courageous man who is blame for Haiti's present U.S.A., who are opposing Dr, plight. As you know, the Duvalier. are limited to a narrow circle, i.e., only to members of the same to defend his United States occupied Haiti Dr. Duvalier does repreneighborhood, but the circle becomes wider in the weekly Friday struggling I refer to Dr. Fran- and treated it as a colony. service which gathers together all Muslim members of a particular country. and has the complete cois Duvalier, President of The U.S.A. still c o n t r o l s sent locality, and still wider, in the two great "Id" gatherings. support overwhelming Haiti.

Haiti's finances, foreign af- majorityofoftheHaitians. beThus prayer promotes social relations between the different sec- I am an engineer and a for- fairs and economy. Even so, lieve he also deservesI our tions of the Muslim community. Far more important than this, how- mer teacher and have close- the Haitian economy, agri- support and the support of ever, is the leveling of social differences brought about by means ly followed the recent history culture, industry and fi- black men everywhere who nances are in dire circum- believe in freedom. His case of congregational prayer. Once within the doors of the Mosque, of stances. is very similar to that of the every Muslim feels himself in an atmosphere of equality and love. Haiti.

Before their Maker they all stand shoulder to shoulder, the king AFTER BEING elected, Worse than this, the Amer- late Patrice Lumumba. His Duvalier attempt- icans ruled through a small fight is our fight. along with his poorest subject, the rich arrayed in gorgeous robes President ed to revitalize his country- privileged class of mulatAndrew Hargrove, with the beggar clad in rags. men by throwing off the toes. It is this small clique, Electrical Engineer, s h a c k l e s of European still subservient to the EuroJamaica, N.Y. NAY, THE king or rich man standing in a back row will have to thought culture and to lay his head, prostrating himself before God, at the feet of a slave create aanddynamic nationor a beggar standing in the front. There could be no more leveling alist p r o g r a m based on influence in the world. Differences of rank, wealth and color vanish ideas and ideals that were within the Mosque, and quite a new atmosphere, an atmosphere of African or Haitian in origin. brotherhood, equality and love, totally differing from the outside This included breaking the Catholic monopoly and alworf^r^rsvails within the holy precincts. lowing complete religious To be able to breathe, five times daily, in an atmosphere of per- freedom. fect peace in a world of strife and struggle; of equality where in- The Catholic priests and equality is the order of the day: and of love amid the petty jealousies bishops—who have always and enmities of daily life, is indeed a blessing. But it is more than been of European birth—aca blessing: for it is the great lesson of life. Man has to work tively fought his efforts of amidst inequalities, amidst strife and struggle, amidst scenes of social, educational, cultural hatred and enmity, and yet he is drawn out of these five times a and economic reform. They him of persecuting day, and made to realize that equality, fraternity and love are the accused Catholics and of allowing real sources of human happiness. "voodoo" and other "pagan" religious practices to grow.

THE TIME spent on prayer is not, therefore, wasted even You may recall that about from the point of view of active humanitarianism; on the contrary, two years ago Dr. Duvalier the best use of it is made in learning those great lessons which expelled the Catholic priests make life worth living. And these lessons of fraternity, equality and and bishops (all European) love, when put into practice in daily life, serve as foundations for from Haiti and was in turn the unification of the human race and of the lasting civilization of excommunicated b y t h e mankind.

Pope.

The Europeans then conIn fact, the five daily congregational prayers are meant, among tinued oppose President other things, to carry into practice the theoretical lessons of equality Duvaliertoand his progressive and fraternity for which Islam stands; and however much Islam program through contacts in may have preached in words the equality of man and the fraternity the Dominican Republic and of the community of Islam, all this would have remained a dead- the United States, and with GERALD 2X letter, had it not been translated into the every-day life of man their stooges in Haiti. They are even now attempting to through the institution of five daily congregational prayers. foment rebellion against Dr. 'BREAK INI THIS NEW MAN—THEN, PICK UP Elijah Muhammad, Messenger of Allah Duvalier.

YOUR CHECK. y> THE UNITED States must (Prayer Service continued next issue.)

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

JUNE 7, 1963

T h e

Right

O f

Urges Thant to Aid Negro Civil Rights Struggle

9

By THE ASSOCIATED NEGRO PRESS BLACK MOSES: The Story of Marcus Garvey and the Negro Improvement Association; by Edmund zens, but they are learning YORK—A prominent Universal (Continued from page 1) David Cronon; University of Wisconsin Press, Madi— the hard way — that the N eNEW g r o ' s fight for equal son, Wis. 278 pp. the $1.95 paperback. and d e f e n d themselves constitution does not apply United N a t i o n s Secretary against such savage dog and to the black slaves. No. 1. General U Thant to throw his In this short, swiftly-moving and penetrating biograhuman attack.

The right to vote: certainly weight back of the American phy, Mr. Cronon has made a sincere attempt to relate the in voting if of the rise and fall of Marcus Garvey, the most fight for equal rights. story SURELY THE American there isis power justice for the so- Negro's colorful black nationalist of the 20th century. so-called Negroes have God there In a letter to Thant Mrs. Anna N e g r o e s . But the Arnold From the Jamaican's traumatic race experiences on and world sympathy on their called Hedgeman, well known in political machine of civil rights, political and civic the West Indian to Garvey's rapid success and inside if they would take the crooked can always keep fields, said she was seeking the glorious failure, island Mr. Cronon draws the major outlines of right steps or actions. T h e America e once slaves, free slaves. UN official's "wisdom and help" Garvey's career with sympathy, understanding and inpresent actions being taken WH PREPARES a n d in the "mood of the grass-roots sight. by them are wrong, for this teachesOpolitics? it not the Negroes across this country." a c t i o n is demanding the white man (the Isenemy Mrs. Hedgeman, who has THADDEUS STEVENS; by Elizabeth Lawson; published of served slave masters to accept their : so-c a i l e d Negroes) ? Who all people — Jewish, Gen- by the author, 232 E. 18th Street, New York 3, N.Y. 32 pp. slaves (so-called Negroes) will the poor so-called Ne- tile, Negro and white for more as their equal, and e q u a l groes vote for? Would not it than 30 years, said "America's $.35.In this short biography of Thaddeus Stevens, Elizas h a r e r s in whatever the be for a white man, or a religious, social, labor and politi- beth Lawson has by-passed the slander and misinformamaster has, such as social black man who the whites cal forces have failed to effec- tion about this great defender of oppressed Americans in stop the immoral, illegal respect (which will destroy would back? We could not tively unconstitutional behavior of order to give a true picture of this patriot's stature. She b o t h as a people), equal!i hope for anything but more and majority of white Americans refers to Stevens as "One of the rare figures in this hissharers in the government,j bloodshed at the pools in the toward the people of color in tory of bourgeois revolutions — a thoroughly consistent h o u s i n g conditions, a n d jseeking justice from crooked America generally. democrat . . . His enemies have called him Jacobin — equal employment. (Not that politicians.

"The brutal attack with fire a proud name, even when flung as a taunt." This is a rethey do not deserve It). hoses and dogs on children No master of anything can We are a Nation in a na- marching for freedom in Bir- print of a 1943 pamphlet.

Alabama, is the im- THE GENTLEMAN FROM MISSISSIPPI, Our First Negro accept an unequal as his tion! Why not use t h e s e mingham, incident which drama- Senator; Elizabeth Lawson. Published by the author, equal — this law of nature twenty million peoples' pow- mediate the total struggle of the Ne- 232 E. 18thbyStreet, New York 3, N.Y. 63 pp. $.35. is divinely respected. If they er for their eternal salvation tizes citizen," the letter stated.

(Martin Luther King and his J instead of temporary enjoy- groUnderscoring This well-researched pamphlet calls to our attention the plight of the followers) would accept the ment with the same wicked Negro, Mrs. Hedgeman, who has the need for a more extensive biography of Dr. Hiram right way, which is the be- people who murder our peo- worked with the NAACP, the New Revels, our first Negro Senator, who represented Missislief in Allah as God, and ple? (Let us build our own York mayor's office and Labor sippi in the United States Senate during the ReconstrucIslam as a religion, and de- political machine.) U n i t e Leader A. Philip Randolph, point- tion period. mand a place on this earth with me, and with the help ed out that the Negro "cannot for our 20,000,000 or m o r e of Allah I will get you what count on registering to vote; jus- REVOLUTION IN MISSISSIPPI; by Tom Hayden. A Stuin the courts of law; proper dents for a Democratic Society Publication. New York. people that they can call you want. And I know what tice with elected officials 28 pp. $.20. their own, I would demand you w a n t for I am y o u r negotiations or even the Christian Church." everyone of my followers to brother. this report the author's concern reaches far beyond She concluded the letter by as- the In Next Week: "The Dragon serting join forces within minutes! initial spontaneous response caused by student sit-ins that Thant's "responsibilithe Beast." explores the planned revolution. The report clearly ties are made more difficult when and AND IF WHAT they are andHURRY records the assault of young American Negroes on the AND JOIN ONTO the so-called leader of the free asking for would be granted YOUR OWN KIND! T H E world — the United States — fails existing power structure in the Deep South. them, it would only be short- TIME OF THIS WORLD IS to exemplify at home the very l i v e d ; nothing permanent AMERICAN RACE RELATIONS TODAY; Studies of the for which she claims to Problems HAND! BY ELIJAH MU- freedoms is in it for the so-called Ne- AT desegregation; Edited by Earl Raab. A stand in Cuba, Haiti, South AmerTHE MESSENG- ica, India and Africa, it seems to Doubleday beyond groes. It would be very fool- HAMMAD, Anchor Original. 195 pp. $.95 paperback.

ER OF ALLAH. ish for a leader of twenty me you would in no sense be inThe 12 essays in this book were collected from various million once slaves to ask terfering in purely local matters publications in the United States—most of them published if you use your good offices in in the last two years. The following articles are particularfor temporary employment this crisis." from their slave masters' N e w a r k G r o u p ly outstanding: "The Prejudiced Society," by Earl Raab children who now use the Seymour Martin Lipset; "Is Integration Possible in not permit any other power — of and t w e n t y million for sport.

New York Schools?" by Nathan Glazer and "Schools and the West or the East — to enter Northern (Sicing dogs on the so - L e a r n ' W h a t Negro Slums," by James B. Conant. in place of the British. The statecalled Negroes was d o n e ment added that KANU had realonly for sport to see the ized the need for defense to be frightened so-called Negroes M u s l i m s W a n t developed on an East African barun for their lives.) sis and was determined to reBut as s o o n as the so- NEWARK, N.J. — "What the main non-aligned in tbe cold war. W o u l d ' L o v e P o t i o n ' called Negroes turned upon Muslims Want" was the topic of the dogs and policemen with an address given by Minister stones, Washington, D.C., or- James 3X of Muhamma d's FREEDOM, W o r k o n a R a a s t ^ dered the Army to intervene Mosque No. 25 here at the regu— not to help the so-called lar meeting of the Newark HuJUSTICE a n d Negroes against the white man Rights Commission in the

By CHET WAYFIELD LONDON — Ever since demonGoing further, they s m i l e d southerners, but to help the Newark Public Library.

EQUALITY strators from the Anti - Nuclear while contemplating the reaction Minister James also answered white devils against the so- questions Committee of 100—a ban-the- the love potion might have on the audience with called Negroes if they tried great skillfrom WE MUST HAVE bomb group—turned vicious po- Birmingham Police Commissionthe Open FoOR ELSE to defend themselves. But as rum section during lice dogs into tailwagging, face er Eugene (Bull) Connor. Would of the meeting. long as the dogs and police- Newark Mayor Hugh J. Addolicking pets through "a love po- he greet Dr. Martin Luther King, men were biting and club- nizio also addressed the gather- Would you like remaining o tion," experts in human behavior Jr., with open arms? bing b l a c k so-called Ne- ing. Chairman Alexander Mark permanent slave or being a have been pondering the prob- What about the likes of Senaresults of the love potion if tors Eastland and Thurmond? groes, it was all right. gave the opening remarks and permanent member of a soup able surreptitiously administered to "It's a very sensible tactic introduced Minister James.

The .line?

Are you with us to get THIS clearly shows h o w mayor was introduced by Daniel Freedom, Justice and Equaliiy Southern governors. against dogs," Cadogan told remuch we are in dire need S. Anthony, executive director of for the So-Called Negroes? porters. "Aniseed is a love poPeter Cadogan, secretary of of unity; but the unity must the Newark Human Rights Comthe demonstrating organization, tion. The use of it saves trouble be backed by a power su- mission. said the group did indeed use to the dog and the demonstraPLEASE SEND US YOUR tor." "aniseed buns." perior to the power of our According to Cadogan: "All THE LONDON demonstrators, enemies. This power is in No Foreign Bases In NAME that happens is that the dogs armed to the teeth with aniseed Allah and the N a t i o n of lick the aniseed and get very af- buns, rendered 35 snarling police Islam whose arms are out- Kenya, KANU Promises fectionate." dogs hors de combat. It was ADDRESS !.*.-. stretched if we would only NAIROBI, Kenya (ANP) — OfTHE EXPERTS could not re- noted that in the clash with poficials of Jomo Kenyatta's party, accept them. wondering— from a purely lice, 80 demonstrators were arKenya African National Un- City It is ignorant to look for the Zone. . . . State. .. , sist sciratific standpoint, of course— rested, but no one was bitten. ion, have declared here that a heaven from the devils who KANU government in an indewhat would happen if Governors One expert turned to the others. 'o only seek to take you to their tpendent Kenya would not allow Ross Barnett (Mississippi) and "Gentlemen, the analogy is Muhammad's Mosque No. 2 doom (hell fire). They (Rev- the British to occupy military George Wallace (Alabama) were clear," he said thoughtfully. "The 5335 S. Gree-.wooJ Avenue erend King and followers) bases in the country. given corn pone soaked with ani- only question is, can it pass the Chicago 15, Illinois want the rights that the con- In a firm declaration, the seed, along with Senator East- acid test with the mad dogs of white supremacy?" stitution offers to white citi- KANU spokesmen said they would 4847 S. Woodlawn Avenue land.

Self-Defense

10

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

In

W a k e

of

War

Algeria At

Rebuilds

Amazing

Speed

It is obvious that the governCharles P. H o w a r d Sr. ment under the leadership of President Ahmed Ben Bella, and Muhammad Speaks the people set Foreign Correspondent the job ALGIERS, Algeria — Revisitr ofabout ^ing Algiers, I found the Alge- withreconstruction purposeful rian government vigor. Algerians phenomenal rehere told me construction prothat they had a g r a m in t he labor force of unheart of this Alemployed ready g e r i a n capital city, where the and eager for O.A.S. (French the task. The terrorist) systeworkers are inrn a t i cally des p i r e d and stroyed governspurred by the Ben Bella m e n t buildings fact that they "as well as public Howard "their" country. are rebuilding and private property. to the editor of • I was here last July and saw oneIN ofTALKING the daily • the widespread destruction left I told him that therenewspapers, was conin the wake of a seven and a siderable discussion outside half-year war, plus the ruthless country on the reported trendthein vandalism and sabotage comtoward "socialism," and m'itted by the O.A.S. Going Algeria Through the same areas last week, that the United States press had T was amazed at the scope and carried rather lengthy articles speed with which the rebuilding about the government taking over is progressing. farms.

CELEBRATION! THURS.-FRI.-SAT. M A Y a n d

3 0 , J U N E

JUNE 7, 1963

3 1 1 s t

"The stories about the taking over of farms are greatly exaggerated," he replied. "In many instances the French went away and left the farms and many businesses.

"The government had the responsibility for keeping the economy going. The government had to step in and start to operating these businesses and farms to save the economy," he said.

"As for socialism," he added, "we are moving toward an 'Algerian socialism.' " He made no further amplification of that latter statement.

HOWEVER, an Algerian contractor and builder told me that "everybody is in favor of socialism in the outside areas — in the agricultural districts — but not in the cities.

"Here in Algiers you can buy as big a house as you want, own property if you want it, have as big a car as you like — own a Cadillac."

A CONFERENCE to aid Angolan Relief, held in Mandel Hall at the University of Chicago under sponsorship of the Pan African Students Organization of the Americas, brought together leading sections of outstanding Americans, including Sister Christine Johnson, principal of the University of Islam, and Thimere Badu, National treasurer of PASOA.

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JUNE 7, 1963

WORLD

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

A f t e r m a t h o f

t h e

FIRE . . . a n d

the

By Charles P. Howard, Sr. (UN and Foreign Correspondent) CAIRO. Egypt — 'To be black (in the U.S.A.) is still a crime," the Ethiopian Herald declared here as African leaders gathered in Addis Ababa for the historic All-Africa Summit conference.

"The United States is campaigning on a free world slogan and is condemning the racist government of South Africa while practicing its own version of aparthied. What happened in Birmingham . . . shows the United States in its troe light . . ." said the paper in its main editorial. . . . "The (American) government's half-hearted will- and disillusion world opiningness mock may and ion,"THE " it continued. sort of iso ap kind i u mof that COLORED Ameris o o t h e colored Americans can must fight hard for freedom rather than waste time and much-needed energy bellyaching about Communism.

The United States version of •civilized apartheid' must be fought. . . . " Around the world, in Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Europe and South America, the question was "Why didn't President Kennedy act? Why didn't he give the freedom fighters in his own country the full backing of the United States government?"

In Addis Ababa, capital of Ethiopia, the foreign Minister of Nigeria rose in the African States' meeting to denounce racial discrimination in South Africa and the United States.

AMERICAN correspondents approaching delegates to the African meeting were frequently met with the blunt question, "What's the latest news from Birmingham?"

Whether by coincidence or not, the Addis Ababa press ran editorials on Birmingham just as the African Foreign Ministers were gathering. To report that BLOOD STREAMING from un- commentaries treated the United der head bandage, a Birming- States harshly is an understateham police official dazed following two-hour b a t t l e be- ment.

(Continued on page 12) tween Negroes and police.

HELMETED COP with club and gun, a symbol of white supremist forces in Birmingham,

stared from behind dark glasses when t ham mad Speaks mode this picture.

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AFRICAN and FRENCH newspapers, as did others around the world, headlined the inhuman treatment suffered by Birmingham Negroes in their struggle for human rights. Bold

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headlines branded American racists as ages" and pictures showed dogs Negroes while others were ma-iti cops and firemen.

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

A F T E R M A T H

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Worldwide Of

U . S .

.EADER in the Negroes' fight for civil rights in Birmingham, i. Martin Luther Kincj holds a press conference during â&#x20AC;&#x17E;<ie<isy "truce."

of their 11- day prison ordeal was described to d Speaks by Stella Sturdiveant and Deloris McKin*o of the scores of Negro youngsters who suffered miration camp" treatment in Birmingham jails.

JUNE 7, 1963

O F

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Echoes Oppression (Continued from page 11) In Cleveland, Whitney M. Young, Jr., executive director of the National Urban League, called the settlement in Birmingham a failure as white officials stalled and hedged on rights promises. "A mere absence of conflict where the Negro people have suffered so much is not a victory," said Young.

HIS STATEMENT came at almost the same time that the Birmingham Board of Education was ordering the expulsion of more, than 1,000 Negro pupils from school for their part in the struggle for civil rights.

In Algiers a few days ago I watched the angry reaction of a crowd reading the newspaper "Liberation" which was posted on a reading board for public information. The newspaper announced in bold black headlines "SAVAGES! In Alabama (USA) Loose Dogs On The Blacks!"

I noted that the pictures of the use of dogs by Birmingham police used here were much more realistic than any I saw in American papers before I left the U.S. TODAY'S "Egyptian Gazette," a daily published here, carried a

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THIS IS NOT A picture of a concentration camp under the ham because they joined the struggle for complete Negro heell fn supremacy." four column headline on the front every person I have talked to in page: "ALABAMA GOVERNOR North Africa is demanding â&#x20AC;&#x201D;in CLAIMS TROOPS VIOLATE Algiers, Tripoli, Benghasi and FEDERAL LAW." The subhead here in Cairo. is "Nashville Gets Backwash as As soon as word gets around Negroes Riot." A five-hundred that I am an American Negro, word Reuters story follows. writers, bell boys, porters, eleIt is no defense for white su- vator operators, drivers,, premists in the United States to clerks, governmentcabofficials anci say that "the Communists are business people try to get first playing it up." hand information as to what is The answer lies in justice to really going on in America beU.S. Negroes and that is what tween whites and non whites.

BASEBALL STAR of yesteryear and militant voice on the civil rights scene, Jackie Robinson addresses capacity crowd in Birmingham church. A business executive today, he applauded the efforts and aims of Negroes in the Alabama city.

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

JUNE 7, 1963

This

is

A l a b a m

of the Nazis though the resemblance is close. These are Negro children, so caled American >dom. Not content with jailing them, white officials expelled mere than 1000 of them from school for

Negro Y o u t h s Prison

R e a d y

B r a v e d Jail Terms,

T o

Fight O n

BIRMINGHAM — For the first time in U.S. history hundreds of children have been wantonly arrested and herded like cattle into filthy jail cells where they were starved, beaten, robbed and tortured by sadistic policemen and matrons.

The children, all of them to sleep on the concrete Negroes, were victims of this floors and two and three in concentration c a m p treat- one bed.

"If we would make 'too ment "in the land of the free" because they dared to much noise,' the guards challenge the four-century would come in with their rule of white supremacy in blackjacks and begin to beat the historic struggle for hu- us. In the laundry, it would get so hot, and some of the man rights here. girls couldn't stand the heat.

NOT A SINGLE white re- They would fall out and all porter or news source sought the guards do for them to Interview any of the is put cold would water on them. youngsters or to investigate say 'yes sir' the many reports of barba- or"If'nowesir'didn't we would be put rism and white beast-like treatment suffered by the jailed children, many of .whom had to sleep on the ink and cold concrete ~floors.

But Muhammad Speaks interviewed dozens of these children who spent 11 days in a Birmingham jail.

Describing the cruel and inhuman treatment they suffered during their 11-day ordeal, they said: "We worked in the prison laundry after they sentenced us to $100 fines and 180 days in jail.

'AT FIRST it was hard for jus to get adjusted. We had

For

into the sweat box and the box was made so they could turn the heat up as high as they liked.

"One girl smiled and the guard asked her why she was smiling. She said, T smile all the time.' He slapped her and said, 'nigger, I'm going to teach yon not to smile!'

"One girl fell out and we asked the matron for some aspirins. She said, 'We are out of them and if we had some we would not give them to you niggers. We get paid time - and - a - half for watching you niggers — not saving you niggers.'

Left

Freedom "ONE TIME when two girls were in bed asleep, the matron said, Tt's too crowded in that bed. One of you girls get out of bed and get on the floor.'

"The girl said, 'May I get my clothes?' (She was wearing only her underclothes).

The matron snapped, 'No.!'

"When p a r e n t s would come to the jail to leave money, the girls would never get all of the money.

"At night, the matrons and trustees would go and take most of uA money out of their purses and only leave a quarter or thirty-five cents to buy candy with."

The motto for the state of Alabama is "We Dare Defend Our Rights."

Birmingham, located in the North Central part of the state, is in an area rich in coal, hemati te and many other minerals; manufacHires iron and steel products, electrical equipment, carbide, cotton and cottonseed products, cigars, machinery, soap and tanks.

Though Negroes comprise roughly 40 per cent (39.7) of the population of Birmin g ham, there are nearly three times as many Negroes unemployed as white workeis in that Southern industrial city.

Of a total Negro population of 135,113, nearly t&othirds are under the age of 18 — of school age. Of a total white population of 205,620, slightly more than half are under 18. Thus the median age of Negroes in Birmingham is approximately 22 years of age while the median age for whites is approximately 31.

There are 14,260 Negroes 65 years of age or older and 26,719 whites in that age group in Birmingham, which, with a total population of 340,1} 8 7 persons, is one of the industrial giants of Alabama.

Says Blundered

Kennedy O n

Birming

CLEVELAND — executive director o_ National Urban Lea last week sharply c cized President K'<1for calling "/•,"'•> sors wMSe-%S^t^c gro leaders duribbfov Birmingham crisis. \ .

Whitney Young, Jr., speaking at the Na- x tional Conference on Social Welfare here, called the "settlement" in Birmingham a failure. A mere absence of conflict where the Negro people have suffered so iBM£i?J§£ not a victory, h d M n ^ r

FOUR TEENAGERS wfcd jailed in Birmingham are ( l e f t ) D i a n e Harris, Doris Brown, Joyce Orange and William Habbier. Serious faces reflect the determination of Bi mingham Negroes to fight v straggle far freedom is w

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

14

Laundryman Sheets

Took

to KKK

JUNE 7, 1963

Her

Meet

A n d S h e Fin the laundry and cancelled

By JEREMIAH SHABAZZ BIRMINGHAM — A Negro housewife driving down a the service. highway at tne height of the "Rattle of Birmingham" passed She says some of t h e sheets and bedclothing the an overflow Klu-Klux-Klan rally adjacent to the road.

KKK was wearing w e r e One white-sheeted Klansfrom her own bed, undoubtman she instantly r e c o g - confederate flag. nized as her own laundry- The woman turned her car edly "on loan" from her man, yelling and waving the about, drove home, called laundry man. ...

Many cops fled for their lives as Negroes sick a n d of being clubbed batW h a t Jackie S a i d tired tled them in the streets for more than two hours taking their dogs with them.

The Negro neighborhoods exit, forcing the car in which contain some they were riding to turn O f A l a b a m a F i g h t On-the-scene observers re- ofof Birmingham the worst slums in the around. This a n g e r e d a Some neighborhoods crowd of Negroes. One said: that club - swinging world.

At the height of the unfinished fight for equal rights ported resemble "river bottoms." "We're tired of this . . . Let's white state troops forced Nein Birmingham, Jackie Robinson — following in the foot- groes to fight back with They are without streets and fight back. . . ." steps of several widely-known Negro personalities—went b r i c k s . Negroes operated have only mud paths * * * to the racially-tense Alabama city to give whatever aid brick throwing in two shifts. ing from shack to shack.weavand comfort he could to the valiant freedom fighters.

Watching a Negro Civilian * * * One group piled them up The former baseball star, i Defense policeman, another group t h r e w All cabs at the Birming- said: "They're not arealNegro powho, as the first Negro in those that help themselves, while ham airport are m a r k e d licemen, they're just pimps. modern organized baseball: a nd the people of Birming- them. * * * ' either "for white only" or fought a limited but signifi ham are beginning to do _.^^^_. is the first time they Spotting a white cop on a "for colored only." Seating This cant war against white su this." have ever permitted to motorcycle, a Negro was in all public transportation wear guns been premacy, spoke at a mass "IN MY day, we never heard and they let "Hey, you! is strictly segregated, with them do it to kill oneonly r a l l y in a Birmingham had adults leading us. We You're shouting: of us. riding that motorcy- Negroes forced to sit in the I should take that . . . gun" church. However, he was had to fight our own bat- cle tonight but I'll be riding rear. never fully quoted in the tles." it tomorrow. daily press.

Police ticketed all c a r s don't think by hiring When Floyd Patterson was around The following are excerpts one"I Negro a church while Jackin one of the defrom his remarks on that oc- partment stores of down- asked if he had seen Bir- ie Robinson and Floyd Pat- JAKES RESTAURANT mingham policemen m a n - terson were inside. W h e n casion : 1 3 3 8 H ST. N. E. Birmingham w o u l d handling Negro women, as they came out, two state "I DON'T think Kennedy town solve anything, because it LI 7-9255 is worth a dime as far as would take a number of Ne- evidenced by photos shown troopers blocked a s t r e e t WASHINGTON, D. C. around the world, the former our race is concerned. groes to prove that we are heavyweight boxing champi"For example, the case in able to accept these respon- on answered: "I'd have had "—~ WE ARE PROUD OF OUR — Oxford, Mississippi; He had sibilities." to do what he did or he "One thing that touched to do something—regardless CHINESE RESTAURANT would have been the laugh- me very much was when we of the outcome."

FISH SPECIAL! * * * ing stock of the world."

Delicieus Chineit and American Dishes saw the picture of the police"Any time the President man holding this young fel- Almost every Negro in the Chow Main To Take Out 20< Discount on $2.00 Purchases of the United States thinks low vicinity of the bombed Gasin the collar and letting WOODIES that the local people and the dog bite him." ton Motel reported to police governed body can s o l v e "WHEN I talked on TV in the exact license number of Inn After Hours Fri., Sot., Sun. Closed Mon. SHABAZZ their own problems concern- New the car carrying the terror- 1727 - 7thJSt.O, N.HWN. 'Washi S ngton, D.C. about c o m i n g ists.

MARKET ing r a c e relations, he is down York The car was registered here, my c h i l d r e n 4911 Grant Street, N.E. TREE S E R V I C E wrong." a white man living 10 Washington, D. C. to come with me, for to "FOR ONCE, I wish the wanted miles away in Adamsville.

404 EASTERN AVE., N. E., they have seen your children No arrests have been made.

President of the U.S. would and WASHINGTON, D. C. bravery." prove to the people that he "I their Frnsh Vegetables believe this bombing PHONE LU 1-3483 24 HOURS Kosher Meats President for the peo- and these other violent inciand he does have the dents could be tracked back JAKES BARBER SHOP er to prove this."

Wallace and Richard Wortham's Texaco Station "I can't see a President of to Governor 1 3 5 0 H ST. N. E. Connor." these United States letting Bull' 2 5 0 1 - 1 4 t h ST. N.W. & 14th & CLIFTON LI 4-8841 "Although t h i n g s have any governor of any state quieted AD 4-1 264 24 HRS. SERVICE here, I don't WASHINGTON, D. C. him what he is going to think it isdown WASHINGTON, D. C. nearly the end." it comes to the Fed»** TV PROP. RICHARD 2X & RICHARD 3X DISCOUNT * W. Membership Card * ngton,DISCOUNT Phone 829 9488 5700 Georgi a Ave. .

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SPEAK 4:45 P.M.

15 ciated themselves in any way from that demonstration.

K c Witch H " . . . but the failure of those K o r e a n W a r attorneys to repudiate or disassociate themselves from it (demonST. LOUIS—Impending action against school segregastration) forces me to the conclusion they condone or approve it," tion here may set the pattern for Negroes to attack similar he asserted. conditions in such cities as Chicago. New York, Detroit and THE SUIT on behalf of the 15 Washington.

Negro children has been on the "The utter contempt shown the legal treadmill since it was filed Negro community by school offiSeptember 15, 1960—a time when cials could result in drastic there tvas but a single Federal measures by thousands of Nejudge in Kansas. groes who are weary of inaction," Judge Stanley declared he took JAMES BALDWIN: "The FBI could not find a warned William L. Clay, 31-yearthe case "under advisement" to old Negro alderman. lynch mob in Mississippi if it was standing in the await the decision of the U.S. SuThese measures, said the outmiddle of it." preme Court in cases involving spoken Korean war veteran, the "same issues" from Tennesmight include boycotts of all-Negro schools by parents; civil acKANSAS CITY, Kansas—As Ne- mitted to the grand jury or di- see.The bluster of the judge seemed tion against the Board of Educagroes were being bombed in Bir- rect charges will be filed. to have shaken Attorneys Davis tion and the complete rejection mingham and shot down in AtJackson, who abjectly apoloby the community of any future lanta, agents of the FBI were re- IN THE unusual hearing called and gized to the courtschool bond issue or tax increase ported by the Kansas City Star by the judge, in which only he of the signs carried by proposal. to be "investigating" a recent and the lawyers were present, theSome pickets • wanted to know: Negroes faced with the school peaceful demonstration by Ne- Judge Stanley ripped into the "When will Judge uphold segregation fight in other large groes against school segregation. counsel for the 15 Negro children, 1954 Supreme CourtStanley decision?" jities are keeping close watch on Bringing in the FBI is the re- whose suit charges the school OTHER SIGNS o b s e r v e d : the St. Louis situation with an sult of a crude attempt by a Fed- board with juggling boundary "Stanley eye toward employing Clay's tacis fiddling while our eral judge here to intimidate Ne- lines to perpetuate segregation. children grow "St. Louis" Clay tics. gro parents and school children "Districts should be created He pointed out that only four into dropping their fight for equal "By no act or word that has Judge Stanleyold." barked that "the wherever possible to include white teachers are working under educational rights. come to my attention," Stanley court will not be influenced in parts of Negro and white neigh- Negro principals and Negro "have the attorneys for any way . . . will not be intimiborhoods, thus assuring a racial- teachers are generally assigned Judge Arthur J. Stanley, Jr., fumed, the plaintiff any one of them dated or coerced into hurrying ly balanced enrollment," said to predominantly Negro schools. became enraged when 39 Negroes expressed anyor regret or disasso- that decision." dared to picket the building in Clay. v The United States Civil Rights Clay, a graduate of St. Louis which is located his courtroom.

The marching adults and children Commission, after its investiga- University and business repreCLASSIFIED A D S tion, reported that St. Louis pub- sentative of Local 410 Public were demonstrating against the gerrymandering of school bounlie schools are more segregated Employees Union said: "Negro teachers would repre- dary lines in order to maintain BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY now than they were five years sent ROOM—QUI ET HOME. ROElOeMAvator.FNICE ORConveni RENT a proportion of all school jim crow in the schools. ent ntransportati on.e Reago.

BRAND NEW STORE spectabl e , qui e t worki g man, mal stu-ngs facilities.

Then the white parent Alderman Clay predicted that who doesn't want his child taught dent or el d erl y reti r ed man.

Cal l AU eveni WITH FULL LINE OF or al l day Saturday.

Mrs. Savoy, 3St. Louis "will be an all-Negro by Negroes would have nowhere JUDGE Stanley, incensed be5753, New York.

FINE WEARING APPAREL cause the placards carried by the city" if school segregation contin- to run."

SLACKS, SHIRTS, BLOUSES pickets were critical of him, ues.

SWEATERS. SUITS, VILLAGE SERVICE—MISCELLANEOUS called in the attorneys for the SANDALS, HANDBAGS, ETC. YOUR NECK IN DEBT? plaintiffs in a school boundaries MUST SEE TO APPRECIATE UPreliTO efand from past due ybills, pressingwiENJOY credi tors hi g h monthl payments thForour case the judge has "taken under Priced For Immediate Sale C o u n c i l m a n W a t k i n s R i p s advisement," James P. Davis and dependabl e fi n anci a l adi u stmenf pl a n. serviceBox call 165, us collect VILLAGE SHOP orsame wriday te Lahar, Calumet868-Ci0280 ty, Elmer Jackson; the counsel for MAC318RAM NOSTRAND AVENUE Illinois.

BROOKLYN 16, N E W YORK the Kansas City (Kans.)

Board of 1 FAMI L Y DETACHED, WI T H GARAGE HOUSES F O R SALE M A 21 417 Police Brutality in K.C. Modern kitchen$6,5wi00.th birch cabinets. Price Education. Willard Phillips, and $18, 500. Cash HELPPLUMBERS WANTED—MEN Newell A. George, U.S. attorney WANTED IN Family Detached, Bri k.terraces.

1-7 andHardwooc 1-9 room KANSAS CITY, Kansas—With police brutality against Kansas, and cited an ancient GHANA, WEST AFRICA 2 apartments bothsh wi thcroof, fl o ori n g, Spani tile 2 car garage Negroes reported rising all across the nation, a militant for "U.S. criminal code" against SINGLE MENAPREFERRED, OTHREE. R NO 9 Family Apartment House. Price $24, Negro city councilman here charged the Kansas City po- "picketings or parading."

000 MORE THAN FAMI L Y OF Cash $6, 0 00.

EXPERIENCED IN INDUSTRIAL AND lice with brutality and discrimination.

The judge set off the "witch COMMERCI AL PLUMBING. TRANSPOR10lished Familmeat y Apartment HousebusiPinuess. s EstabON PAID FYEAR ROM AND TO UNITED Councilman Bruce R. Watkins j and grocery Price hunt" by demanding that George TATI STATES. T W O TOUR OF DUTY. $43, 0 00.

Terms. of the Third District accused po- Appearing at a meeting of the investigate the picketing, urging HOUSI NVACATION. G ACCOMMODATIONS AND SHABAZZ REALTY CO. PAID WRITE: 145t lice of brutality against Negro I police board, Watkins told its him to get the names of the parN400 EW WEST YORK1-2628 31.hN.ST.Y. TAMAKLOE & GARDNER c i t i z e n s and discrimination, members and Chief C. M. Kel- ticipants. George petitioned the BOX X-16, AU JAMESTOWN, ACCRA, GHANA ley, that his "whole community" Department of Justice in Washagainst Negro personnel.

— predominantly a Negro Dis- ington and received authority to ST 3-1114 SANI-HAND trict — "doesn't think much of probe the demonstration, bring- ST 3-1113 ZELLOUS CLEANERS ing in agents of the Federal Buyour police department."

ALTERATIONS BROS. of Identification, according PaintMATERRE Ptci-Vp and Delivery Service HE ASSERTED that virtually reau LAUNDRY & Wallpaper Co. to the Star. all the complaints of police bru36) EAST 69th"STREET (SANITARY) FREE DELI V ERY CUT RATES tality and the use of police dogs George said that if the "evi- 422 E. 71st STREET CHICAGO 19, ILL. HAND AND STewqrt 3-9572 MACHINE FINISHED dence" uncovered by FBI agents came from his district and from C H I C A G O , ILLINOIS 711 E. 75th St. Chicago, III. justify it, the case will be subNegroes.

PICK-UP It DELIVERY MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

JUNE 7, 1963

Vet

LUXURIOUS CLOTHING FOR M E N , W O M E N a n d CHILDREN

- - ' ^ Sends tor FBI to Scare Off Pickets

Truth, Mightier Than The Sword

MUHAMMAD

CLOTHING STORE

553 East 79th St. Chicago 19 RA 3-5561

EVERY SUNDAY MORNING O N C H I C A G O RADIO

W E B H - f m

SPEAKS

/

!

6:30 A.M. DJAL

9 3 . 9

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

16

My

S t u d e n t Set

Favorite

for

Study

Tour Abroad

Mrs.

Sylvia

Tarpley

BEING A CAREER mother, with three children, doesn't give Mrs. Sylvia Tarpley much time to prepare elaborate meals, so she plans her meals for simplicity.

'One of my favorites and one that my children love is a simple '' Combination S a l m o n Salad,'' which is not only tasty but economical and easy to prepare as well.

1 can salmon 1 onion, chopped 2 carrots, grated 1 teaspoon vinegar 1 head of lettuce 2 tomatoes 4 boiled eggs % green pepper Pinch of Accent Salt and pepper

Salad dressing or mayonnaise Drain and bone salmon, saving the juice. Mash salmon and eggs.

Mix thoroughly, then add seasoning, chopped onions, tomatoes and pepper. Grate carrots and mix with other ingredients. Add juice and salad dressing. Sprinkle with paprika, and to add eye appeal, place slices of hard-boiled eggs around edges. Serve with lettuce and Ritz crackers and watch those appetities grow!

WASHINGTON — A member of Muhammad's Mosque of Islam in Wilmington, Del., will participate with a group of other students from the District of Columbia Teachers College in the "Summer Study Abroad" project for the summer vacation.

Miss Portia X. Randall, will leave in late June on the liner "Groote Beer" for Holland, and take a train from there to Paris, where she will arrive on the eve of Bastille Day. Miss Randall will study French for six weeks. She then will ferry over to England. She will travel by air to Spain and Portugal for eight days.

The return trip will bring Miss Randall back to London and Rotterdam, from where she will sail for home in early September.

The purpose of the project is a move by the District of Columbia Teachers College to help its future teachers extend their intellectual and artistic horizons, encourage future study and travel, develop further the ability to understand and speak French and Spanish, and provide direct contact with the customs, cultures and persons whose language will be taught. Miss Portia X. Randall plans to use her education to uplift her own people.

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By TYNNETTA DEANAR (Continued from last issue) Indeed, one may well ask, why is there so much malice and irrepressible terror combatting the good efforts of good men to bring solace and peace to the world? From the Honorable Elijah Muhammad comes the most weighty answer: because we are witnessing the downfall of a wicked kingdom and people; inofthethisbattles which mark the peopleweofare thatinvolved degreat personage who itsBecause decline. clining civilization are struggling isname opening our mental reserves to

to no end to hang onto their lost glory and power, the world is being churned as the water is churned when two opposing forces struggle within the ocean's depth.

THROUGH the words of Jesus come much truth when he is recorded to have said, "I come not to bring peace into the world but a sword, to put a daughter at variance with her mother and the son against the father," and referring to the signs of the last days as recorded in the book of Matthews of the New Testament, he continues with this dissertation of how kingdom will rise against k i n g d o m and nation against nation until the end.

As much as many would like to invent a superficial device or philosophy by which to temporarily remove them from reality and truth, it could serve no purpose but to further remove them from their true salvation.

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LAGOS, Nigeria (ANP) — Dr. Justice Ethelbert Udo Udoma, 46, a judge of the Lagos High Court, has been appointed by the Federal government to serve as the African chief justice of Uganda.

Dr. T. O. Elias, Nigerian minister of justice and attorney-gen eral, who announced the appointment, said the action came in response to a request by the government of Uganda. The post became vacant when the Englishman holding the position resigned on the eve of Uganda's independence last October.

Udoma will be the first African to hold the position.

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Writings of this nature, I feel, cannot bear fruit without bearing the name of him who has caused the tree to bear fruit in the person of the Honorable Elijah Muhammad.

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J U N E 7, 1963

ENERGY This column is designed to help the housewife protect her pocketbook in an era of high-pressure advertisement that rarely tells the whole story behind the labels.

The findings are based on reports of the Federal 'Trade Commission for April, 1 9 6 3 .

M e m o To H o u s e w i v e s :

ALL THOSE television commercial kitchen knives that are supposed to cut through nails aren't what they're cracked up to be, so watch out before you lay out your money for one.

DEMONSTRATING HOW a small metropolitan hospital in a Negro ghetto can contribute more than the usual services to the community, young student nurses at Chicago's Provident Hospital show how they screen diabetics

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A further finding of the FTC examiner was that the TV demonstrations do not prove what they claim t%. prove, nattily that:

In an initial decision, the FTC ruled that the WINSIts ability to cut through at a Health Fair under the sponsorship of the TON SALES COMPANY, a regular two-inch box nail Central South Side Community Workers. Stu- INC., of Chicago misrepre- (prior to the demonstrajibn dent nurses (left to right) are Augusta Hicks, sents in its television com- the nail had been partially Celia Thomas and Ada White. mercials that the cutting edge cut through); and: of its kitchen knife, cutting 'The sharpness of its cutcal things. Try to do all the hard through a two-inch box nail ting edge after having*'cut jobs around the house yourself —will never dull. through a regular two-inch without letting him know they even exist.

The examiner added thot box nail (the cutting edge WATCH HIS weight, but don't tljg. purported regular retail used to demonstrate that me "nag" or scold at the table. prices of $3.00 and $2.98 for sharpness had not been af"Your continual complaints will the knife and food chopper, fected by cutting through the be worse for his heart," Dr respectively, are in excess of nail was not the same one Perez "than third or a premature f o u r t hasserted, helpings of whipped the usual and regular retail used to sever the nail).

M A L A G A , Spain — If wives would shun widowhood, it is up to them to help their husbands live long- cream." er by reducing to a minimum the things which tax their hushand's heart.

CINCINNATI, OHIO Akbar Light Hauling Dr. Antonio Perez, 64, warned supper. Sudden emotion closes the IN VISIT MUHAMMAD'S the gathering at the International arteries for a moment, forcing Prompt pick up and delivery service Women's Club meeting here that the heart to make a violent effort Local and Long Distance M O S Q U E NO. 5 "it's the heart that takes the beat- to restore proper circulation. This ing in modern life. Six times is dangerous for a fatigued heart. 3507 READING ROAD 2nd fir. CALL TR 6-4576-TE 1 -4231 more men than women suffer USE TACT in getting your hus- Every Wednesday and Friday at 8:00 P.M. 73 W. 1 16th St. Man., N.Y.C Sundays at 2:00 P.M. from heart attacks."

He suggested that wives take band to take life easier in physithe following precautions, especially after the husband reaches the age of 30: WATCH THE atmosphere of " S H A B A Z Z " your home. Feed small children before hubby gets home from work, and have them ready for F O O D S " bed. Teach older children to calm down and finish their arguments before their father arrives.

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MUHAMMAD

SPEAKS

JUNE

7, 1963

... And Boston Won Award As' All-American' City

ONLY BECAUSE cities in America are not scored on the deplorable conditions under which they maintain their Ne\ffo populations could Boston have been given the "AllAmerican" city award by a national magazine.

Ignored when the plaudits to Boston were being handed out was that city's three-mile square ghetto where 65,000 impoverished Negroes live in squalor and privation as the photos

A Negro Mechanic Charges Eastern Bars Him From Job

MIAMI — At almost the same veteran and native of Miami who .time the U.S. Supreme Court holds a civil service license and was ruling that Continental Air several A i r Force proficiency Lines must hire a qualified Ne- certificates as a m e c h a n i c , gro pilot, another Negro was brought the Charges against Eastcharging that Eastern Air Lines ern, one of the nation's major has denied him a job as a me- air carriers. fiianic solely because of his race. SMITH, whose qualifications Robert Lee Smith. Air Force also include work with jet en-

gines. made his charet-s complaint fifed with the President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity a g a i n s t Eastern, which has contracts with the Federal Government.

He charges that he has been trying to obtain employment with Eastern since 1958.

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Smith said his last attempt at filing for a job with the airline came when Eastern opened its multi-million dollar Jet hanger in Miami. He said he was told that there were no jobs available, although he stated that "at the time there were ten or more white persons filing applications with the company."

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above clearly show. These portraits of a Boston slum prove that how Negroes live is not considered by the white officials, whether in Boston or any other American city. If the outrageous housing conditions under which Negroes live were considered, what American city could win an "AllAmerican" award?

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BOSTON — Relief may be in sight for millions of suf- quently has been successful ferers of allergies brought on by Ragweed and household against childhood diseases as well as allergies, it was dust. pointed out.

Dr. Francz Browne, young stream.

Boston scientist who is di- Antigens work, he ex- Born in Allendale, S. C, rector • of experimental re- plained, by neutralizing the Dr. Browne was raised in search for the Allergy Re- substances that cause an al- Ohio, where he completed search Foundation, has com- lergic reaction upon contact high school and spent three years at Western Reserve pleted preliminary work on with the human body, a new serum which could As a carrier vehicle, the University of Cleveland. make suffering from these new serum can carry any HE DID post graduate two misery-makers a thing type of antigen and conse- work at the Harvard University Medical Institute and came to Boston in 1951, where he began work in space physics on a government project. He has also worked for the National Research Corporation of Cambridge, Mass.

Currently, Dr. Browne is working on an oral insulin for people in advanced stages of diabetes. The problem here, he says, lies in the inability of the drug to get past the enzymes found in the stomach in large enough quantities, to do the job.

Enzymes aid in the digestion of food, said Dr. Browne, but they also destroy a portion of the insulin and conseDR. FRANCZ BROWNE holds viol of rare crystals with which quently destroy the potency he hopes to produce an oral insulin for advanced diabetes of the drug. cases. The young scientist has also completed preliminary work THUS, Dr. Browne's task on a new allergy serum that is now being tested in America is to integrate the insulin in with the enzyme. and England. of the past.

The serum is being tested DR. BENJAMIN W. WATKINS in America and England and PODIATRIST • FOOT SPECIALIST is reported being readied for ANNOUNCES THE REMOVAL OF HIS OFFICE the drug market and public From Suite I F to SUITE 1R LENOX TERRACE consumption.

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MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

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Praises Work of Mr.

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Garvey Philosophy Kept Alive

By N.Y. Africa National Group M u s l i m s want some separate land here," declared Dr. Michaux.

"After 350 years we haven't yet become citizens of the United States. Therefore our cry is 'Back to Africa,'- which was the philosophy of Marcus Garvey and is the spirit of black nationalism."

Stating that his organization agreed with all the objectives the Muslims have, Dr. Michaux described the Honorable E l i j a h M u h a m m a d as a very wise prophet.

"He is a seer," said Michaux.

"Since I'm not a prophet, I must yield to him regarding the future."

MICHAUX said that his movement is in constant communication with the heads of free states in Africa.

Among the projects undertaken by his organization is the sending of clothing to oppressed families in Africa, and members of his group meet African ships ar-

riving in New York and entertain their crews in Harlem.

R a p p i n g the U.S. promoted Peace Corps, he said: "We send these a l t r u i s t i c youngsters to Africa when their rightful destination should be Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia and Harlem.

Exploring Western religion, he observed: "THE CONCEPT of God is white in this country. On TV recently I saw a black minister in Birmingham, Ala., get on his knees to pray. A white cop gave him one minute to get an answer from God. "After one minute, when God had not answered his prayer, the white cop put the black preacher and the prayer in the patrol wagon and carried them both to jail.

"Neither the Muslims nor us (African Nationals) believe in integration," he continued, "because you can't integrate with the slavemaster or into another man's success unless you assume the role of the underdog or underling."

AKBAR

NEW YORK—"White supremacy is a myth that can no longer dilute or divert black people who read, whether here in the U.S. or anyplace else on the face of the globe."

The speaker was a man who for 25 years has operated a book store devoted to helping Negro Americans learn of their African heritage and the contributions Negroes have made to the growth of the United States.

LEADER of the African Nationals in New York, 65-year-old Lewis H. Michaux operates his store in the center of Harlem.

It is stacked from floor to ceiling with thousands of ^ooks on the history and growth of the black man in Africa, America and countries all over the world.

In an exclusive interview with Muhammad Speaks, Dr. Michaux told how Muslims continually patronize his book store in their

black people in order to eradicate the nonsense a Negro American receives from his mis-education in schools and other media, like newspapers, radio and television, an of which are totally controlled by the white man."

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MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

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time before it was recognized as

BY JOSEPH WALKER anything," said Duke.

"A lot was happening in jazz at a time when those who played (Muhammad Speaks Correspondent) had hardly anyone to listen to NEW YORK — 'What the Negro needs first is $100 itthem.

It was played by people million," world famous composer Duke Ellington said last of folk origin who had deep-rooted week in an-exclusive interview with Muhammad Speaks. \ sympathies and feelings."

"And that is the advantage j "I IMAGINE the word jazz," your boss (referring to the Hon-! of American music. he said, "means a combination orable Elijah Muhammad) has "Negroes built America with i r l a b o r a n d the - v h a v e f o u S of h t Negro music as applied to othover the .rest the 20 million. |It inh e every ' urges . . weof get war," said Ellington. er music or other music as apHe that some money : plied to Negro music. Probably it together."

"AND MUSICALLY, Negroes is better to say Negro music with American influence.

"Without $100 million there is h a v e m a d e their cultural contri- the"Jazz came along and was recno voice. There are 20 million! bution felt through work songs, ognized in the United S t a t e s Negroes thebossa blues, jazz,assertrock around 1914.

Since then it has .„. _ and we don't have $20 spirituals, and, roll_ and nova." million. , captured many audiences and ed the Duke.

Duke Ellington Says "It's The Money" "MONEY TALKS in our society i Composer of symphonic suites won into its fold musicians from.

1 and economics is the big question and tone poems and the recipient everywhere, including the greatthroughout the world. Every race j of scores of musical awards, El- est conservatories in the world, j Clears Up Rules on SUMMER SCHOOL on this earth has some money but lington, an authority on modern Now it has developed from its j Liberian Citizenship the American Negro . . . " American music, its history and simple beginning and become j This then is the solution to the ! heritage, feels that jazz has de-more sophisticated but in a dif- j MONROVIA. Liberia (ANP)— "race problem" of the famous i veloped from its simple begin- ferent way from the African so- On the subject of white citizenTAB and KEY PUNCH phistication.

Duke, who is universally ac- I n l n S s t o a sophisticated art. ship in Liberia.

President WilliTRAINING claimed as royalty in the realm "Jazz was going on for a long • SWITCHBOARD am V. S. Tubman said recently: • SECRETARIAL "Liberians are Africans. When • ADULT EDUCATION Liberia was founded, the colon• SPANISH • MUSIC ial onsaught was at its peak.

• ACCOUNTING When the immigrants came here, Enroll Now they wrote that in the Constitu1 0 % DISCOUNT O N TUITION tion and they knew that if colonFEE WITH THIS AD. ialists did not gain control by force, they would seek to do so COMBINATION NEW YORK—Another significant chapter in the self- taught us to provide jobs for our , by purchase BUSINESS SCHOOL help program advocated by the Honorable Elijah Muhammad people, and with Allah's help, we j "Hence, to prevent this, the (Approved for Foreign Students) expect to have a chain of restauj Constitution allowed for none but was written with the grand opening of the ultra-modern 139 W. 125th ST., N.Y.C. rants and other businesses from i of African descent to become Shabazz Restaurant in Corona. Long Island. citizens of Liberia."

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The new public eating estabthemselves — in this way, "Messenger Muhammad has lishment is another link in the for war upon unemployment taught us," he continued, "that we j growing chain of Muslim busi- make should open restaurants and build STOP OVERWORKING YOURSELF! ness enterprises and further tes- among Negroes. to make jobs for our timonial to the teachings of Mr. IN A speech, Minister Malcolm factories people, helping to eradicate j see us NOW . . . for mimeographing, typing, letter writing Muhammad, who, for years, has reminded his audience that "our own chronic unemployment that urged Negroes tqbuild their own leader and teacher, the Honor- the and public relations. businesses and make new jobs able Elijah Muhammad, has exists among Negroes."

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MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

22

The Case Of The C

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JUNE 7, 1963

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H o w Police B u l l e t s ATLANTA—The trio ignored his command to halt, said Policeman E. D. Conway, so he aimed his revolver.

The "burglary suspects" ducked behind a pile of rubbish and shrubbery, then ran down an alley to a street, and the cop squeezed off two shots.

Conway followed, he said in his report, and on reaching the street he found one of the suspects still there.

Bleeding from bullet wounds in the hip and shoulder, this "burglar" looked unbelievably small lying there on the daylit pavement. This victim of Atlanta police work is a Negro, only nine years old.

NINE YEAR-OLD Allen Cash told M u h a m m a d Speaks: "Me and two other boys were playing in the alley behind Jack's Department Store and all of a sudden I saw the police coming.

"I got scared and ?SHfl||Nfe$(filthe other boys, 'Here come the cops.' We all started running and then the police began shooting.

"I felt something hit my arm and at the same time something hit my hind (hip) and it knocked me down. I wanted to run but I couldn't so I just laid there and began to cry.

"The cop came up on me and began to curse me, calling me all sorts of names. He put me in the police wagon and carried me to the hospital."

The two other youths, Gerald and Allen Parker, nine and 13-year-old brothers, were not wounded. They were picked up at their homes and later released.

Mrs. Carrie Mackey, mother of Allen and three other children, said "no charges were made" against her son and the police waited several days before contacting her.

She has been unable to secure a lawyer and none of Atlanta's civil rights organizations had even paid her a visit.

A K B A R VARIETY

Specialize in Quality Stockings at Low Prices—3 Prs. $1.75 Call W Y 2 - 4 3 5 0 for Home We Sell Handmade Jewelry and Lingerie, Also NEW Y O R K

Delivery

CATHEDRA1 FUNERAL HOME

No. 2 0 Fri. & Sun.

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P.M.

1 1 3 8 S. B R O A D W A Y Camden, N e w Jersey Phone: 9 6 3 - 9 4 5 9

'

N.Y.C.

DAY OR NIGHT SERVICE

NINE-YEAR-OLD Allen Cosh, who was shot down by an Atlanta policeman who charged he was a "burglary suspect," sits with his mother. Shot in the hip and shoulder, he stifi is bandaged and carries his right arm in a sling.

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ATLANTA —Two Atlanta high s c h o o l students scheduled for graduation in June will enter white colleges located in the Deep South beginning with the fall term.

Charles Dudley, 17, has been accepted as a freshman at Emory university Atlanta where he plans to major in biology in quest of a professional career in medicine.

Seventeen-year-old Sharon Rousanville, will enter the Florida Presbyterian C o l l e g e at St. Petersburg. She will major in bio-chemistry.

FOR DIGNITY AND ECONOMY

109

o

Two

"Solved" Atlanta Case

MEN AND W O M E N G O INTO BUSINESS FOR Y O U R S E L F .

WE WILL ADVISE YOU AND SUPPLY YOU WITH BAKING PRODUCTS. SEE US. Unity Food And Service Corp.

2 4 2 1 EIGHTH A V E N U E Now York 2 7 , Now York

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WILL DO THE JOB "

(For Example: FEMALE HELP WANTED HOUSE FOR SALE, FURNISHED ROOM.) MUHAMMAD SPEAKS NEWSPAPER IS PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY PRINT your ad on lines provided below (including all information to be published) FIGURE NOT MORE THAN 5 WORDS FOR EACH LINE

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JUNE

MUHAMMAD

7, 1963

SPEAKS

23

Sfno WERE SHOT(M WE S A C K , , , 53P0JJCEMEN ROWED UP TO THE MUSLIMS HOUSE O F WORSHIP,, THIS WAS MOT WHERE WIR RADIO HADDfRBCTED ONE OF THEM K WMZSlfOtlL/FF...

7mtLtmi GOT OUT WITH THEIP GUNS BLAZING AWAY AT UNARMED, l/MX&irH£GK)E£L SEVEN WERE SHOT DOWA/

3

CONTINUED FROM LAST I S S U E . X .

R)UCE HANPTHEIR FACES AND HEADS,, .THEY SMASHED ON INTO THE MOSQUE, LINED MUSLIMS AGAINST THE WAIL, BPPED Wk a£m,OISBHttaSD THEM,

FOmPXSTOKES DfiSHEP OUT OF THE TME/MUft/M BROTHER WAS OB „.AWD OOLD-BUXJDEDLy I5AI$ED HIS GUN ANP SHOTflQNAU?X MOSQUE, HARDLY BELI&IIN6 HIS EVES. HEviouay SEEKING PEACE...

WHITE OFFICER. DONALD WKSE THROUGH THE HEART^,.

A S K E D / W H A T I S WRONG ?„,WHyALL THE SHOOT}HG?%H& OFFICERS, S7pp SR3TTEPHIM

,..N0T SATISFIED WITH T H E I R V I L L ; THESE 5 W A S E OJFFED THFIR VICTIMS AND k/OCED THEM IN

m• SHOOT/06/.::

HOPING TO SHED MORE INNOCENT B L O O D . . .

IN DEATH, BROTHER RONALP BECAME A MARTYR IN MUSLIM HISTORY, FOR THE POLICE, IT WAS PMtt WUfALlTY/

El/EM WITH THE AQeiVALOF THE AMBU-

LANCES, THE FILTHY INSULTS, AND THE PHYSICAL ABUSE DID NOT CEASE.,.

INSTEAD OF GETTING MENGAI TREATMENT 3 OF THE WOUNDED WERE LEFT |N

NEGROES HAVE BEEN RALSELY ffi nvjj CHARSED WITH ASSAULT A..

A fjlgk i l H i s ISANATTOMOF - 8 U T THERE 1$ NO EVIDENCE TO PROVE T H I S ! jKffll LAWS/ THERE EVIDENCE O F P O L I C E BRUTALITY.' Tf$flflJ

f^N^m

JAIL FOP TWO ION6 DAYS,,, A T THE POLICE STATION, THE WHITE POLICE CONGRATULATED

EACH OTHER,,,

ONE WAS HEAR? TO Sty "WE SHOULD H/WE IJUED MORE OF THOSE wbgerm.f.h"

THE IWNOCEWT VICTIMS HAD tofw

#60,ooom

TD GET OUT ON bail/

IOSAHCIIES P o u c e CHIEF PAR*SR

ThisTrumped-Up Case by the Pblice CANNOT stand/..

AGON IVITMOUTAPERMIT/ AT THE TIME OF THE

INCIDENT! THIS LEFT THE POLICE WITHOUT A SHEEP O F EVIDENCE T O S U P P O R T THEIR

TftlE PROSECUTING ATTORN Ey TRIED TO BUILD HIS CASE ARX/WpTHE TESTIMONY OF ONE WILLIAM LEE TREBLE, WHO WAS CALLED RSPKlAl

OFHCE-Z f BUT THE S C H E M E

FELL Af&RT WHEN IT WAS REWEALED THAT TREBLE NEVER WAS A"SPECIAL OFFICER/"

CHARGES AGAINST

TRK6LE

GHANA

GEORGE'S BARBER SHOP

If Y o u r H a i r Is N o t B e c o m i n g t o Y o u . . .

Y o u Should B eComing t o U s

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WYANDANCH, N Y .

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MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

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