Black and white worlds near a showdown march 21, 1969

S p

tttutiammad VOL. 8—No. 27

B

MARCH 21,1969

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e a k $ 111

15c—OUTSIDE I L L I N O I S - 2 0 c

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W

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A

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United Notions Report

p.

3

Sirhon-Ray Trials C o m p a r e d

p.

5

Terror trial of Texas Five

p.

7

Letters from Our Readers

p. 10

W E

total

population

of

our

earth

again.

K N O W that they will not be

able

p a r i n g to d o s o s h o u l d t h e y b e g i v e n t h e D U E

T O

T H E P R E S E N C E

of

Allah

p. 17

In Person, (Master F a r d M u h a m m a d

p. 19

W h o m Praises are Due forever) and His

A r e W e the Black Muslims

p. 19

A i m s a n d P u r p o s e s to t a k e o v e r H i s o w n ,

Accusations of Teaching H a t e

p. 19

it b r i n g s u s h o u r l y t o a s h o w d o w n o f

Negro

p. 21

shall rule the Nations of

Separation Is a Must

p. 21

Names of G o d

E

to d e s t r o y it o n e t i m e . B u t t h e y a r e p r e -

How to E a t to L i v e

Black Men Should Be C o l l e d

T

N

30x over . . . again and

By ELIJAH MUHAMMAD (Messenger of Allah)

W h a t Is Islam?

Why

I

W present

INDEX

Dedicated to Freedom, Justice and Equality for the so-called Negro.

The Earth Belongs to Allah

to

who

Earth.

chance. listen

have had their time a n d have gone over

Block Educator on Nixon

p. 23

their

The W o m a n in Islam

p. 24

still w a n t to r u l e or d e s t r o y the i d e a

Life in the Sudan

p. 27

someone

S c i e n c e a n d Medicine

p. 31

p r e p a r a t i o n s m a d e fo.

J a i l G u a r d s Organizing

p. 3 5

tion of the H u m a n F a m i l y of the E a r t h .

They

t i m e , to

rule.

Never-the-less

else ruling as s h o w n

boast

that

they

by

they

can

destroy

for a

you

man

to who

again We

are n o w told in m a n y skillful a n d deceitways,

that the white

world

a n d is p u t t i n g those

T H E

their

Bible

is

pre-

preparations

into action against the B l a c k

Black

the

hard from

a n d blast y o u out of your o w n house.

of

the total destruc-

is v e r y accept

p r e p a r e d to d e s t r o y y o u a g a i n a n d

pared

p. 2 2

or

stands at y o u r door telling y o u that h e is

ful

T H E P R E S E N T world (white people)

This

to

Man.

E A R T H a c t u a l l y belongs to the Man.

and

This Holy

is m a d e Quran.

clear in

The

the

prophetic

s a y i n g s of the prophets, for 4,000 y e a r s from Moses, h a v e constantly w a r n e d (Continued on page 2 0 )

the

MARCH 21, 1969

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

2

Anti-U.S. Violence in Pakistan ANTI-AMERICAN V I O L E N C E , sparked by U.S. support and backing of Israel, flared again in Pakistan.

Hundreds of students set fire to the main door of the U.S. Information Service Library in Lahore. Reportedly, the library staff put out the fire because the fire brigade refused to go to the scene without police protection.

•

•

*

Human Decomposition In France IN T H E D E P R E S S E D northwest section of France, a recent survey showed that 23 to 36 per 100,000 of the populace dies of alcoholism. This area is known to have poor soil, and constant precipitation.

TO C O M P E N S A T E for this life of depression, the people falsely think that imbibing "applejack" — their regional past-time — can relieve their depressions.

ALCOHOLISM kills off 11 out of 100,000 in the country as a whole.

» » •

The Soaring Racist Coalition JOHANNESBURG, South Africa — The soaring racist coalition between U.S. and South African air services has meant a doubling of flights from Johannesburg, an air-travel spokesman announced in this citadel of white supremacy last week. Pan-American Airways has added a second New York-Johannesburg flight through west Africa, he said. » * *

Viets "Not Afraid' of U.S. Bombing U.S. A R M Y H A S admitted these youths 11 and 12 years old, and others their age, are being used as militiamen to guard American osts, and that many such children have been illed or wounded since recent offensive be-

E

V I E T L I B E R A T I O N Fighters will continue their attacks on gan. Along with offering their lives to pro- U.S. strongholds in South Viet Nam despite the possibility that t e c t U.S. troops and equipment, Americans America may retaliate by resuming the bombing of North Viet have encouraged unfortunate children to Nam, a Hanoi spokesman said in Paris recently.

"We are not afraid of American bombings. President Johnson acquire deadly smoking habit. has been bombing us for four years and has met defeat," the spokesman said. " H President Nixon follows in his steps, he will meet with the same defeat."

Battle for Community Control in Schools of New York City Continuing Fiercely NEW YORK—Important new developments in recent weeks highlight the continuing struggle for community control of schools in this city.

SUPT. O F Schools Dr. Bernard E . Donovan, considered to be a personal stumbling block to community control by the Black community, announced his resignation, effective at the end of this school term.

The governing board of the Ocean Hill-Brownsville s c h o o l district is back in authority, after being suspended during the teachers' strikes last fall. The central Board of Education voted their reinstatement on the recommendation for such action by S t a t e Education Commissioner Dr. James E . Allen J r .

The two developments above are on the plus side, but on the minus side, Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller's proposed new state budget, with its five per cent cut in social services, threatens to e l i m i n a t e or curtail certain y school problems, like free school lunches for the poor and scholarships in city and state colleges for youngsters who o t h e r w i s e can't afford to go.

...

Only 2 O f Septuplets Survive AN E T H I O P I A N woman gave birth to Septuplets last week in the Italian village of Giggiga, without the assistance of medical aid. The Rome news agency ANSA said that of the four boys and three girls born to Mrs. Verema Jusuf, 23, five died over the weekend, shortly after birth.

freshman class for the fall of these instructors who were suspended by the local governing this year. board, only to be reinstated by Elsewhere, it is still a standoff the central Board of Education in I.S. 39 in Harlem, where —ignoring the community and Black and Puerto Rican parents knuckling under to the U F T . and children continue to boycott Also, up in the air is the questhe school. The school is pation of what are the powers, trolled daily by police who have functions and freedom of action AN E I G H T FOOT statue paying homage to the American G I been doing so since last Novemof the two Black educational was smashed in Florence, Italy, earlier this week. ber. Only a few teachers, memleaders in the district. They are The incident occurred on the site of a World War n , battle bers of the U F T , teachers' unDavid Spencer, chairman of the ground in the mountains at Poggio di Castro north of a memorial ion, are inside—carrying out the to soldiers of the 363 U.S. Infantry Regiment.

(Continued on page 14) illusion of normality. It was

* * *

Smashed U.S. Prestige In Italy

AT T H E C I T Y University of New York, s c h o o l authorities speculate that this may mean the canceling out of the whole MUHAMMAD S P E A K S Published W e e k l y Vol. 8—No. 27

March 21,1969

Published bv

MUHAMMAD'S MOSQUE NO. 2 436 E. 79th St.. Chicago. III. 60619 AlordoM 4-8622-23 6 Months (26 issues) , t&fr.'jft j g

. I Z £ THAT'S 0HLY HALF OF THE mit MONEYYOU CM COLLEC

3

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

MARCH 21, 1969

United Nations' Report UN Report Cites Paucity of Economic Growth in Neo-Colonialized Black Africa

By Winston Berry (Special to Muhammad Speaks) UNITED NATIONS—Periodically the United Nations' experts flash warning signals to Africa against economic stagnation. And each time, they emphasize the need, long stressed by Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana, that without overcoming the disuniting obstacles to cooperation among the many small nations there can be no real freedom. Real freedom has to rest on the solid foundation of economic success.

THIS W E E K , the UN Economic Commission for Africa announced rather g l o o m i l y that e c o n o m i c progress in Africa since the independence wave of 1960 and up to 1967 is discouraging. In fact, the report said there had been little improvement in production per person during the past 100 years for a number of African countries.

There are listed 32 countries whose per capita gross national product for 1966 ranged from $46 (Malawi) to $193 (United Arab Republic). Another nine countries were reported to have a gross national product per capita of from $200 to $291. Above this were three countries — Gabon ($479), South Africa ($672) and Libya ($990).

We know why South Africa has such a high comparative figure; the white minority there has the support of its white brothers around the world in its super-exp l o i t a t i o n of the 13 million

Blacks. And the figure does not mean that most Black South Africans average $672. Indeed, they may produce much more than this in values, but their income is only a minute fraction of what they produce.

GABON, WITH A population of about 500,000, thrives on timber and other forestry exports; and these have been supplemented since independence by the discovery of valuable minerals — oil, iron ore, manganese and uranium.

In the case of both Libya and Gabon, their relative prosperity is due not to a booming domestic market, for their combined population would add up to only two million souls. Both of them are dependent upon exports of their mineral and agricultural wealth.

elite in power, but it cannot develop a nation or a continent.

The U n i t e d Nations report pointed out: " I t is an ancient adage in economics that progress depends on

(Continued on page 6)

New York Acts on Adoption Subsidy NEW YORK—The Social Services Commissioner is meeting with representatives of 19 adoption agencies to implement plans for giving up to $125 per month to support each child a family adopts.

A SOCIAL S E R V I C E Department spokesman said recently that a new law passed in Albany now authorizes the city to do this.

He said the program will enable couples who have taken foster children into their homes to adopt them without giving up the child support money paid to foster parents.

tWm T R A G E D Y O F A M E R I C A ' S aggression in Viet Nam falls heaviest on defenseless women and children, such as tormentwrack d mother above who is pleading for help to rescue 2-year-old daughter who was trapped in wreckage of home after air strike by U.S. helicopters. Child's charred body was found in ruins. Incident took place on outskirts of Bien Hoa, 15 miles North of Saigon.

But what of the other African countries which are floundering in the economic slough? For the most part these countries are going their own "Balkanized" way, producing the same plantation products as before 1960, exThe a m o u n t of money the porting these and i m p o r t i n g adoptive parents get will be asmanufactured goods and consumsessed on the basis of income, er goods. medical needs and other factors, WALTHAM, Mass.—"The Riot A F E W , like Malawi, Lesotho, the spokesman said. Only fami- Data Review," surveying alleged Botswana and Swaziland, are en- lies with incomes of less than guerrilla-type sniping incidents in July and August, 1968 said last forced partners of racist South $11,000 will be eligible.

Commissioner Jack Goldberg week that the notion of race Africa. Others remain partners of the former "mother country" said the program "not only helps warfare, via g u e r r i l l a tactics — Britain, France, Belgium. Or to give the child a permanent was a figment of the imaginatheir governments are drifting home but relieves the taxpayer tion, and a "press myth." closer to the orbit of the United of the full responsibility for the States. This is enough to keep an cost and care of the child."

CONDUCTED by the Lemburg

No 'Guerilla

Warfare'

Here Says Research

Team

Center for the study of violence at Brandeis University, the report said of sniping incidents in the cities of Cleveland; Gary, Ind.; Peoria, HI.; York, Pa:; and Seattle: "No new wave of uprisings and no set pattern of murderous conflict have developed, at least not yet. The overwhelming number of disorders surveyed failed to display conclusive evidence of a new type of racial violence based on conspiracy and guerrilla tactics."

FOCUSING on newspaper clippings in cities where racial dist u r b a n c e s occured, the study backed up its indictment against white press reportage, and its tendency towards paranoid discrepancies, with the following statement: " T H E S E D I S C R E P A N C I E S included a downward revision of early sniping figures particularly where the following items were concerned: the number of snipers involved, the number of shots fired, and the number of policemen involved as targets."

The report concluded that: "The press-at both the local and national levels—was inclined toward imprecise, distorted, inaccurate reporting. In some instances, the press revealed a tendency to needlessly sensationalize the news."

Slate Vienna Mosque

A N O L D M A N is pinned and searched by South Vietnamese Army rangers during an attack on Bien Hoa, South Vietnam.

Despite their enemies' economic and military advantages,

The 20,000 Muslims in Vienna, Austria are to be blessed by the erection of a Mosque and an Islamic Center, a group of diplomats announced recently.

A Board of Trustees was slated to supervise the project and many old men and women, young boys and girls, are carrying the fight to the discouraged, spiritless mercenaries of U.S. the Arab League has exhorted member nations to contribute industrialists.yf4**\\i duTi.* ge»6*uily. < «•»•»• * * 1 «

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

MARCH 21, 1969

N. C. Group Formed To Fight Execution Of Black Girl To Lead Vote Drive NEW Y O R K - T h e Committee clusive statement: "We found for Racial Justice, an organiza- that when we went to defend tion funded under the United Marie Hill (the 17 year old girl Church of Christ, which recently convicted of murder), the probundertook the defense of a 17 lem Black people had in North year old Black girl sentenced to Carolina was not simply justice. die in the gas chamber in R a - We found that what happened to leigh, N.C. announced plans to Marie Hill was just a part of a head a political education drive whole system of political represamong Blacks in the North Caro- sion and lack of representation." lina area.

"We found that if we were to William Land, program direc- solve the problem of a 'Marie tor and coordinator for the Com- Hill' in North Carolina, we would mittee for Racial Justice told have to solve all the other probMUHAMMAD S P E A K S in an ex- lems of Black people."

Palestine Guerrillas Nix Plan for Four-Power Talks

Primary objective of the political education drive, Land said, is to organize and conduct political campaigns for Black candidates who will run in Raleigh city council and school board elections next May. There is presently only one Negro in City Council chambers.

"The ultimate goal," he stated, " i s a Black political party which will cover the state of North Carolina."

The Committee for Racial Justice undertook the project on the basis of s u g g e s t i o n s brought forth by local Black community leaders.

With a reported 18 per cent voting percentage among Blacks, only 11 per cent are registered DAMASCUS—Guerrilla leaders Organization, have called plans for the coming elections. "This in the Mid-East are serving no- for such a meeting a scheme to is unusual as registration is always open in North Carolina tice that they do not intend to "create a fake Palestine state." accept any "four-power" conferIn a voice of A l Assifa radio with no time restriction. ence on the Palestine situation. broadcast, an Al Fatah spokes"Our program will also encomman said "these big powers will REPRESENTATIVES o f A l not .succeed in imposing a settle- pass voter registration as the isFatah, the Palestine Liberation ment on the Palestinian people. sues involved in schools and city government are important ones We shall fight a g a i n s t these that all Blacks must play a deciplans as fiercely as we are fight- sion making part," Land contining Israel." ued.

The s p o k e s m a n added that To be named the Black Voter's "the U.S. Central Intelligence L e a g u e , the organization will O R P H A N E D C H I L D is taken to assembly area in Bien H o a , Agency (CIA) and other foreign South Viet Nam, after U.S. bombs destroyed his home and intelligence services have cooked function as Black political party. took his parents' lives. Infant will b e shipped to Saigon orphanup the idea of creating a fake Plans are to support the camage.

Palestine state comprising the paigns of five Black candidates. west bank of the Jordan River ATLANTA—Serious crime is on and the Gaza Strip now occupied the rise in almost all major

by Israel.

Georgia cities, according to 1968 reports released by the Federal " T H I S WOULD mean the liquiBureau of Investigation. dation of the Palestine cause by ON A NATIONWIDE scale, a setting up a state of straw. We 19 per cent increase in crimes of are opposed to this idea and any violence was reflected by theidea of a compromise settlement," he stressed.

F B I report. A17 per cent increase was seen in other serious Concluding, the A l Fatah official declared "the world must crimes.

But, in Lester Maddox's Geor- recognize the fight of the Palesgia, a 110 per cent increase in tinian people to determine their forcible rape was reported in Co- own future and their right to lumbus while aggravated assault, fight the forces which are domiburglaries and larcenies of more nating both the Palestinian people and the Jewish people. We than $50 went down slightly.

Columbus, however, also had will go on fighting until victory." increases in homicides, robberies and auto thefts.

NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE

FBI Reports Show Crime Up In Georgia

N O T I C E :

W M T E D

A T D I E !

EXPERIENCED AND WITH REFERENCES:

A T L A N A S H O W E D a decrease of near 9 per cent in forcible rape but substantial increases in homicide, robbery and auto theft. Smaller i n c r e a s e s showed in other categories.

Macon reported i n c r e a s e s ranging up to 24 per cent in burglary and a level on homicide.

In Savannah, there were substantial increases in homicides, forcible rape and assaults.

now S |

I I I I I I I • S P

I I

.. N O W

VISIT MUHAMMAD'S MOSQUE 2600 CLIFTON RD. WED. t FRI. 8 P.M. SUN. 2 P.M.

RESTAURANT

BATON ROUGE, LA. VISIT

MUHAMMAD'S MOSQUE

Mosques

of

Islam

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MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

MARCH 21, 1969

S t r a n g e

C o n t r a s t

5

i n

S i r h a n J a m e s

t h e

t r i a l

o f

S i r h a n , E a r l

R

a

y

World Wonders Why No Attempt Made To Pursue Conspiracy In King Killing

By Garneli Y . Tinsley (Special to Muhammad Speaks) MEMPHIS—The differences between the circus trials of Sirhan Sirhan and James E a r l Ray reflect the motives behind the prosecution of each man.

81071 s ? L o u i s

I G - I O - 5 9

T H E T R I A L O F J a m e s Earl Ray, confessed killer of Dr. Martin Luther King, raised more questions than it solved. Most observers are convinced that those who directed Ray are being shielded by men in high places.

SIRHAN SIRHAN killed Robert Kennedy in full view of many witnesses. And there has been no Who set up the false police evidence that he was involved in radio report which sent Memphis any conspiracy. police chasing a white Mustang Yet Sirhan's trial is being in a direction away from Ray's drawn out and the U.S. governescape route? ment-controlled news media is How did Ray know that Dr. using the trial to discredit the Arab revolutionary fighters' war King was moving on the day of his murder to a Lorreine motel against white racist Zionism. balcony room facing Ray's gun Meanwhile, in Memphis, state p o s i t i o n , from another motel and g o v e r n m e n t officials and miles away? (Ray refused a betJames E a r l Ray's own lawyer, ter flophouse room which did not Percy Foreman, rushed to a verface King's balcony.) dict without even putting Ray on Who s e l e c t e d Ray's false trial.

If ever a case needs a long names: Paul Bridgman, Ramon period of time to introduce and Sneyd and E r i c Starvo Gait—all examine the evidence of a con- three men living in the Tornoto spiracy, the murder of Dr. Mar- area? (Gait's real middle name tin Luther King, J r . , is that is St. Vincent). And how did Ray learn enough about these men to case. seek passports and other official But the F B I , the U.S. Justice documents in their names?

Department and Ray's own lawWhen Ray was in Los Angeles yer said that they have no evi(after paying cash for a white dence of a conspiracy.

Apparently they had not both- Mustang) who sent the quarter

Opponents of Ending Draft Say:

Volunteer Army Means 7 More Negro Cannon Fodder7 WASHINGTON—One d i r e result of the present inequitable selective service system, according to Defense Department statistics, is that Black troops continue to make up more than 22 per cent of those k i l l e d or wounded in Viet Nam. But opponents of abolishing the draft in favor of an all-volunteer military force point out that the highlydisproportionate number of Black casualties would increase many times over if the draft were abolished.

T H E Y SAY volunteers would be drawn from the lower economic classes and the United States would wind up with what Sen. Edward M. Kennedy (DMass.) called a Negro army fighting "white middle - class wars.

"Students who advocate a volunteer army, instead of a draft, almost always admit that they personally would not volunteer," Kennedy declared.

"This suggests the strong possibilty that an a l l - v o l u n t e e r army might magnify the present economic inequality in the draft —that our soldiers would come from the lower economic classes, and might well form a largely Black army."

Sen. Mark 0. Hatfield (R-Ore.) said Kennedy's conception of an all-volunteer force is wrong.

cial undesirability of Black military people?"

H A T F I E L D ' S PROPOSAL t o abolish the draft in favor of a professional force gets support from two prominent Democrats in the so-called liberal wing, Sens. George S. McGovern (DS.D.) and Gaylord Nelson (DWisc).

Sea Creature In America's Heart A monstrous, serpent-like symbol of Western decadence, (like the symbolic jelly fish that was washed up on the shores at the end of movie " L a Dolce Vita") horrified the empty-bellied, curiosity seekers in Tecoluta, Mexico last week.

The 35-ton sea vulture, like the body and soul lynching 'White Whale" of the U.S. military-industrial c o m p l e x had caused a vaulting food shortage in this tiny Gulf coast town, living off the fish life in the immediate sea.

Stunned biologists who studied the carcass, described the sycophant's body as about 30 feet long and 18 feet wide, with a serpent-like frame, covered with hard, jointed armor. From the enormous head protruded a 10 foot horn of porous bone estimated to weigh a ton.

w a s — p e r m i t s his lawyer, the state of Tennessee and the U.S. government to keep the following odd and conspiracy-pointing facts from being paraded in front of the public in general and in front of the Black community in particular: Where did he get the $10,000 dollars he spent between the murder and his capture?

fee for his duplicate license from B i r m i n g h a m to the Alabama highway patrol?

Why did Ray drop his rifle in the doorway of his flophouse room after killing Dr. King with one shot? The rifle was the only thing which led authorities to him.

Why did R a y call attention to himself by first buying a .243 Remington rifle from Aero Marine Supply near Birmingham and then exchanging the rifle for an unnecessarily more powerful one, a Gamemaster, the next day?

Why did R a y go to Portugal, a citadel of racism, fascism and " B i a f r a " s u p p o r t , among the several countries with no extradition agreement with the USA? Why did R a y leave Portugal, where he was safe, to go to London and mix himself with the fascist Rhodesian government's anti-African mercenary force?

Why did the F B I ' s original warrant charge Ray (as Gait) with conspiring with a man alleged to be his brother in the killing of Dr. King?

Why has the F B I refused to comment on the contradiction between this conspiracy-accusing

(Continued on page 38)

ered to ask James E a r l Ray himself about that possibility.

Right in the middle of his trial —while Judge W. Preston Battle was trying to read the FBI-Just i c e Department no-conspiracy "finding" into the trial records, Ray jumped to his feet and said, in a loud voice: " I disagree with all the theories of former Atty. Gen. Ramsey Clark, the F B I ' s J . Edgar Hoover and the people here, that there is no evidence of a conspiracy."

The judge turned to Ray with a threatening look, so Ray hastily added: " I don't want to change my plea of guilty. I don't want to upset anything, but also I don't want anything added to what has been agreed."

What could Ray upset? What was the agreement? It seems unlikely that the agreement was limited to what the U.S. news media said: that is, that Ray would receive 99 years instead of the death penalty. It is not difficult—especially in this day of opposition to the death penalty—to get a prison sentence instead of the electric chair.

What the agreement is may come to light and may not. But "We estimate the creature's it is clear that the agreement " I think there is a certain in- weight at about 35 tons," said did not include Ray's taking sole V O L U N T E E R S O L D I E R S of the Pathet Lao liberation army in Laos, these young men and women have joined their people's teresting overtone that people biologist, Sergio Garcia in a re- responsibility for the killing. fight to rid their lands of U.S. oppressors and their " U n c l e raise, unconsciously perhaps in ort to the Mexican navy's Sea B T T R A Y ' S dea 1 U T k . x n , j L ' ;* Jorh'*- sW>bgiSs.'Thfe*e fcrave •youttrs'tive wewr*Sen**U»ue t j.aos» solans- H» S 0

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

Western

Economic

Whirl

Keeps Africa in Poverty (Continued from page 3)

On the West Coast of Africa, cooperation has been established the division of labor which in in the field of education and in turn is limited by market size." some river developments, as the This s i m p l y means that a UN report recognizes. But these country with a population of are still pre-production moves from 500,000 to two million canand will be useful in the future not develop a diversified industry and agriculture such as we only if a plan is developed and have in the United States be- put into operation for integrating cause it does not have the inter- a number of African countries in a diversified scheme of producnal market to support it. tion for a protected regional market.

T H E R E CANNOT be a Detroit making automobiles, an agriculTHE U N R E P O R T makes tural belt growing cereals, another growing truck and still anoth- sense when it argues: "Cooperaer devoted to cattle, and so on.tion would prevent export prices But a number of small countries from being bid down, and would can link up to attain this division also help to shift the division of of labor in the form of a com- profits from foreign-owned enter- B L A C K P A N T H E R leader Bobby Seale (I.) mon market. Another advantage prises in Africa in favor of the asked for permission t o address a panel of of such a common market would host country . . . scientists discussing the role of science in so-

tists could be very effective in supporting his cause, Seale invited the scientists to join oppressed people in their drive to ''overthrow the ruling class of fascist capitalists."

be the protection it would offer "The long-standing tendency of ciety. A w a r e that even one or two top sciento the products produced within African countries to forge comit against external competitors. mercial links with E u r o p e a n S U P P O R T VISIT It is not to the credit of Afri- rather than with other African M U H A M M A D ' S MUHAMMAD'S MOSQUE can statesmanship that after 10 countries — a legacy of the coloMOSQUE OF ISLAM FORT LAUDERDALE, FLA. years of independence, despite nial system sustained by private 670 N. W. 22nd RD. (upstairs) YEAR language and cultural differences firms in the post-colonial e r a ECONOMIC WED. A FRI. 8 P.M. SUN. 2 P.M. resulting from colonization, it could be broken down if, through S A V I N G S PLAN has been impossible to form cooperation, Africa can develop such economic unions of Black countervailing power in the form nations. The closest to it is the of both increased supply of mancooperation between the E a s t Af- ufacturers, and in increased derican nations of Tanzania, Kenya mand for both manufacturers and Uganda. They have succeed- and primary products." ed in establishing a shipping To this, we can only say: combine as a starter.

"Amen!"

CLARK SERVICE STATION 8911 KERCHEVAL Detroit, Mich.

3

-

But a report prepared under the chairmanship of Prof. Burton G. M a l k i e l opposes the sale of the securities, alleging that the c o m p a n i e s involved have only marginal interests in South Africa.

"We doubt that this is so," a spokesman for the Black students said. "But even marginal backing of South Africa amounts to an endorsement of the Nazi regime's enslavement of Africans."

Princeton's President, Dr. RobIN INDIANAPOLIS, IND. VISIT

MUHAMMAD'S MOSQliE

at 2905 N. CLIFTON WEDNESDAY 8:00 P.Mr EVERY SUNDAY 2:00 P.M.

ert F . Goheen, in an apparent effort to smooth over the university's refusal to stop financing apartheid, said a committee is being established to help implement recommendations in the Malkeil report on how the institution may help implement recommendations in the Malkeil report on how the institution may help in overcoming racism in South Africa.

The Black students are angered by the "ineffective nature" of the recommendations, which are: • Expanding the study of race relations in Princeton's course offerings.

• Sponsoring conferences and research on apartheid and racism.

• Establishing exchange programs involving African leaders, scholars and students.

• Establishing institutional relationship with the Universities of Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland (all having puppet regimes subservient to Nazi South Africa).

Hear the Life-giving Message of the Hon. ELIJAH MUHAMMAD ON RADIO S U N D A Y , 2 : 0 0 P.M.

WYLO 5 4 0 K C Milwaukee, Wis. - Chicago, III.

MR. FLOYD ROBINSON DOUBLE STAMPS ON FILL-UP

A n n o u n c e m e n t -

Princeton Refuses to Stop "Backing7 Nazi South Africa T H E NEW Y O R K — A coalition of Black student organization has been trying to compel Princeton University to sell $127-m i 11 i o n worth of securities in 39 corporations that do business with the white s u p r e m a c y regime in South Africa.

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MARCH 21, 1969

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

7

Part II:

T e r r o r

By Dwight Casimcre (Pan African Press) HOUSTON-On March 5, five former Texas Southern University students accused of the murder of a white policeman in a bloody police assault on Black students over a year ago, began a trial for their lives in the Houston courts.

The NAACP, the only organiza tion to undertake their defense enlisted nation-wide support in raising funds to meet their $10,000 bond and have them released from jail. Ads were circulated in every major and 'underground' newspaper in the country to raise funds for their defense. As a result of this intensive advertising campaign, the students became k n o w n as "The T S U 'Five."

T r i a l

o f

t h e

T e x a s

F i v e

Klan hovel just outside of Houston.

During the first trial, the state asked for the death penalty for all five of the former students. 1 They were charged with possessing deadly weapons and conspiring to murder under an old antiriot law drafted in the 1930's.

Floyd Nichols, one of the T S U Five, contested this law in an action before the local Federal courts. His attorneys contended that his rights as a citizen were violated under the law. A panel of judges dismissed their appeal.

According to provisions of this law, which was inoperative until Houston officials found an excuse to use it, anyone involved in a group action or protest would be held responsible for all injuries, violence and deaths occurring as a result of the group action. The law was originally intended to discourage strikes and picket lines among d i s s a t i s f i e d workers in the 1930's. In 1968, it became equally useful against Blacks.

Following their arrests, every avenue of help for the T S U Five was closed off because of the campaign concentrated against them. Lawyers refused to take their case, school officials would "On March 5, the court said not allow them to return on they will dispose of u s , " Waller campus, and employers would said. "'Dispose could mean an not hire them for jobs. Of the awful lot of things."

T S U Five, two were married and Additional charges which the had families.

T S U Five face accuse them of "Most of us were having trou- carrying deadly weapons. "The ble holding a job," said Douglas maximum for this would be twoWaller, one of the T S U Five. to-five years and a fine of $500," " E a c h time, it was the same said Waller. "But you can't ever story. You worked one place for tell what the maximum will be a while, then they found out you because they'll give you what were one of the T S U Five, and they want." there you were back out on the With the inability of the jury street." to make an immediate decision With the help of the NAACP, at their last trial, the T S U Five all of them were able to eventu- escaped having the death senally find steady e m p l o y m e n t . tence passed against them. In a Trazawell Franklin, youngest of (Continued on page 8) the group is employed by the organization to head a job counseling and placement program.

11

T '33 t L

Since their first trial last October 22, in Victoria, Texas, ended in a hung jury, their case was held over until March 5. It is apparent that even among the h a n d - p i c k e d members of the jury, there is still serious doubt as to the guilt of the Black men in the killing the rookie policeman Louis R. Kuba.

E a c h of the T S U Five who, were arrested were in different] places at the time of the riot.

Douglas Waller was in jail, Floyd Nichols was at a friends' house in nearby Sunnyside, and Charles Freeman, T r a z a w e l l Franklin and John Parker, were r e p o r t e d l y in their dormitory rooms when police i n v a d e i the T S U campus.

The courts of Houston would like to believe that one, or all of the T S U Five had killed him.

WASHINGTON—The U.S. Sen" A l l five of us could not possibly have pulled that trigger," ate elite who pass the laws said Douglas Wayne Waller, one which send thousands of poor, of the five men awaiting trial. exploited U.S. youths to kill and District Attorney Carol Vance to be killed in Viet Nam and othhad asked for a change of ven- er "trouble spots" recently critiure so that the trial could be cized the armed services for held in another city. He claimed showing too little concern about that the students would not be desertions, which increased to able to have a fair trial in Hous- 53,357 cases between mid-1967 ton. His actual fear, according to and mid-1968.

,3

Desertion Skyrockets

observers in Houston, was that the courts in Houston would be sympathetic to the innocence of the five men. The trial was moved to Victoria, Texas, a tiny

T H E A V E R A G E rate of desertion is one soldier every 10 minutes. Desertion is defined as going absent w i t h o u t leave (AWOL) for more than 30 days.

After 1965 Viet War

But when the n u m b e r of AWOL cases is added to desertion figures, the rate of dissatisfaction increases to 155,536 cases — or one every three minutes.

was disappointed in the fact that "only 250 (deserters) have been tried and convicted of desertion."

The Senate subcommittee accused the armed forces of being The trend to leave the army too little concerned to give quick has increased rapidly since the and . harsh punishment to deU.S. Government's 1965 decision serters. to escalate the war in Viet Nam. B U T the military services alThe Armed Service subcommit- ready have their hands full in tee investigating desertions is suppressing the U.S. s e r v i c e headed by Sen. Daniel Inouye men's drive for political and le(D-Hawaii), who gave his right gal rights to question the brutaliarm to the U.S. cause to kill his ty and racist slaughter they are ordered to c a n y out for big-husifellow Asians in World War I I .

Inouye told reporters that ..hey aess* interests.- The i

Escalation

afraid that desertion will take place on a massive scale if military authorities harden their opposition to the average fighting man. w

Black Capitalism' Gets New Name

WASHINGTON—After several Black leaders denounced Nixon's campaign oratory c o n c e r n i n g Black capitalism, the administration has replaced the phrase with "minority business enterpris*A'»c«»««*Mt«*#«i»i;

8

MARCH 21, 1969

MUif/iMMAD .SPEAKS

Army Plans To Use Marijuana As Weapon Against Vietnamese People

B U F F A L O , N.Y.—The U.S. hallucinations, and remain con- development of marijuana for Army, in r e s p o n s e to public fused for time spans of 12 to 24 warfare only became public after charges that its troops were en- hours. During this time, the U.S. statements from top ranking Litjoying the hallucinogenic benefits hopes to stun its victims long tle Co. officials began to circulate in the national press. of marijuana and other opiates, enough to destroy them. revealed it has synthesized the Intended for immediate use in At a national drug conference substance into a horror of war. the jungles of Viet Nam, theat the University of Buffalo, the Army hopes that it will better first unconfirmed report of the Major sources at the Departenable them to handle their vic- Little firm's secret p r o j e c t ment of Defense made public tims while they are incapacitat- emerged. statement of the development afed. At present, the Vietnamese An offical of the firm, Dr. ter stories of war-connected drug people are marking up heavy Henry C. Pars, who headed the research leaked out from the Arcasualties against the U.S. opium marijuana project, admitted to thur D. Little Laboratory in derivatives, including marijuana, the University of Buffalo gatherCambridge, Mass., where the rewhich are quite commonly dis- ing that the Little Co. received search was conducted. tributed throughout Viet Nam substantial government contracts for research into chemical prodKnown as THC, the substance, and other Eastern areas. tetrahydrocannabinol, was synInformation surrounding t h e ucts useful in warfare. thesized from the drug, marijuana in the laboratories of the Arthur D. Little Co. under government contract.

Professors Protest Science Research For Instruments of Mass Slaughter the

The substance (THC) is NEW Y O R K — The growing single most active mind-altering agent in natural marijuana. E x - emphasis on military research tracted from marijuana, it is asgrants to produce instruments of powerful as L S D . mass slaughter has spurred sevIn combat, T H C will be used eral science professors at Columas simply another element in the bia University to stage a one-day already elaborate a r s e n a l of germ warfare. Plant life and wa- research work stoppage protest.

cording to Prof. Richard Friedberg of the Physics department, one of the organizers of the protest.

"The protest is directed toward the emphasis on the military uses of research," Friedberg said. "Most faculty memter supplies saturated with the bers at C o l u m b i a engage in substance and consumed by the T H E S T O P P A G E will not in-some type of government sponpeople will cause them to have clude classroom teaching, ac- sored research, but more money comes from m i l i t a r y sources than from other sources."

Tell Evidence of Terror In Trial of Texas Five

The Columbia protest, which will have workshops and speakers throughout the day, is part of a nationwide effort originally begun at the Massachusetts Insti(Continued from page 7) ning to raid TSU. " F r o m what I saw," he added, tute of Technology. new trial, however, they could " T still be sentenced to 40 to 80 S U was just a little Viet Nam." years in prison. " O r they could keep us in The T S U Five, he said, were forever," said Trazawell Frank- the guinea pigs for the campus lin b i t t e r l y , from his t i n y repression that was to come latoffice at the Houston NAACP er. Leotus Johnson, the leader of headquarters. "They could keep SNCC on campus was later arLadies' Famous N a m e postponing this trial indefinitely rested and convicted to 30 years 100% Nylon Hosiery so people will forget who wein prison for alleged possession of marijuana. are.

First Having used their major witQuality From all indications, the way A A had been prepared long in ad-nesses in presenting their case l 0 0 P aPair ir 3-$P vance for Houston officials to be- last O c t o b e r , the prosecution gin the prolonged persecution of may have difficulty proving that MEN'S WORK CAPS the five dedicated Black stu- the T S U Five were responsible for the death of patrolman Louis dents.

S2.98 SALE »1S„. 2 for $ 3 R. Kuba.

"Everybody knows this police & $3.98 "What they may t r y , " Frankriot was a planned thing. From what I hear, they were cleaning lin said skeptically, " i s to postBoys' Trench Coats pone this trial as long as possiout. the bunks in the jails and putting 500 extra mattresses in ble.

Edwardian Style " I f that's the case," he conthe cells," Franklin said.

Lightweight cluded, "we could still be 'The "Almost every policeman that Zipper Front was there had a machine gun" T S U Five' f i f t y years from Elasticized Cuffs now." he said, "so they had to be plan-

E Y E - W I T N E S S E S t o 1967 seige of T S U campus by Houston police, Russel Jones (left) and Roger Gregory (right), point to spot in front of student commons building where white policeman Louis R. Kuba was felled by bullet during assault.

Students said officer w a s undoubtedly killed in police crossfire, but Houston officials a r e attempting t o pin murder on five former students a t Texas Southern University who were vocal in the Black student movement for liberation. Their trial, which is being continued from October, 1968, will resume on March 5, 1969.

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S T E E L C I T Y M A Y O R Richard Hatcher del ivers address honoring William Edward Burghardt DuBois on 100th anniversary of the Black genius' birth. " I t is a tribute to DuBois," said Hatcher, " t h a t at 83 years o f age he w a s con-

sidered such a danger to the opponents o f justice to make them so shudder and fear that they surfaced to show themselves in all their hopeless, barren brutality."

By Joe Walker T H E TOWN H A L L program NEW Y O R K — A n "Evening of was sponsored by Freedomways, Dramatic A r t s " and a major ad a magazine Dr. Du Bois helped dress by Richard G. Hatcher, inspire and a quarterly review of movement the Black mayor of Gary, Ind., the Black freedom rang down the curtain on the( p u b l i s h e d at 799 Broadway, International Centennial Y e a r N.Y., N.Y. 10003). honoring the life and works of Gary Mayor Hatcher told the Dr. William Edward Burghardt capacity audience that Dr. Du Du Bois. The finale of the D uBois is secure in history before Bois year took place at Town it is written.

Hall here.

"He was a scholar of awesome DR. M A R T I N Luther King intellectual depth. He was a poet opened the historical observance and a prophet. He could have in February, 1968 at Carnegie been comfortable—coddled, colHall. Since then, .special tributes ored exception; a parlor Negro to Dr. Du Bois have been con- in white men's living rooms, ducted around the world. paid in conscience money from Among the national and inter- the purses of the self-deluded national notables who sponsored majority. But Dr. Du Bois chose the centennial year were world not to be comfortable... he spent heavyweight boxing c h a m p i o n his adult life in the trenches . . .

Muhammad Ali, novelist and es- the words he wrote and spoke A C T R E S S R U B Y D E E was among the lumiNew York. Miss Dee was Mistress of C e r e sayist James Baldwin, folk sing- recognized the essential genuis naries who participated in ceremonies markmonies. H e r husband, esteemed actor Ossie er Harry Belafonte, Cleveland of being Black." ing 100th birthday of Dr. W . E . B. BuBois in Davis, w a s another participant.

Mayor Carl B. Stokes, Georgia society that sought to hold cap- great historian, our great teachOUT O F HIS e n l i g h t e n e d licly shackled. state representative Julian Bond, " I T I S a tribute to Du Bois," tive an idea. er, our great philosopher, our the honorable Kwame Nkrumah, Blackness Du Bois wrote: said Hatcher, "that at 83 years I am the smoke king, great poet, our honest Black world-famed cellist Pablo Casals, " D U BOIS HAD called this soof age he was considered such a prince and prophet. And, we sit I am Black.

President of the Republic of Sendanger to the opponents of jus- ciety brutal and it responded yet at his feet to learn, to reegal Leopold Sedar Senghor, and I am darkening with song, with brutality. He had called this tice to make them so shudder others.

I am hearkening to wrong; society unthinking and it did not plenish ourselves and to go i n and fear that they surfaced to I will be Black as Dr. Du Bois was the father of think. He had called this society strength," Hatcher said. show themselves i n all their Blackness can, He disagreed with those who the modern-day freedom moveinhumane and it reacted with inhopeless, barren brutality." I t The Blacker the mantle say that Du Bois was in a kind ment in the United States and humanity. was the actions of a criminal the mightier the man.

Pan-Africanism in A f r i c a . He " D r . D u Bois remains our (.Continued on page 14) was noted as a sociologist, histoHatcher o b s e r v e d that the rian, essayist and poet. Born in writings of D u Bois corrected JAKE'S ULTRA MODERN Great Barrington, Mass. on Feb. both history and the future. He BARBER S H O P CATERING TO MEN, 23, 1868, he died in Ghana at the shook the walls of racism so WOMEN A CHILDREN age of 95, the day before the foicefully that at the age of 83 PRESENTS Open Sundays And Holidays — "March on Washington" (Aug. he was seized, arrested and pubClosed Tuesdays SHABAZZ 28, 1963).

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MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

10

m

O u r R e a d

EDITOR'S NOTE: This column is an open forum for all viewpoints or comments on subjects of general interest to our readers. Please keep your letters brief. Where necessary they will be abridged. No unsigned letter will be considered, however, nam may be withheld upon request. The opinions expressed are entirely those of the write and do not necessarily reflect the outlook or policy of Muhammad Speaks.

Letter From Arab Reveals Untold Story Behind Sirhan Sirhan Trial sick of the terrible wrong Arabs from their homes and Dear Editor: that has been inflicted on his As a Palestinian Arab who wit- lands; massacres which have conpeople. Sirhan is an Arabnessed many of the genocidal tinued until this day.

American prototype of John m a s s a c r e s committed by the Ironically, each one of those Brown, who murdered three Jewish bands against the Arab m a s s a c r e s were preceded by U.S. troops to seize weapons inhabitants of the holy land, the peace offers from Ben Gurion, to set free the slaves. same massacres which affected Moshe Dyan, Golda Meir, Eshkol Sirhan is not a product of Sirhan's personality and life, I and Abba Ehan. crime, conspiracy and prejudice, deplore every attempt made by And also i r o n i c a l l y , a few as in the case of Dr. King's slayer, the pro-Zionist American news hours before Sirhan was driven but of Arab freedom fighters' media to suppress Sirhan's story, to trigger his gun, the " I s r a e l i " thought preaching real peace, jusfor which he is courageously f i g h t e r bombers that Senator willing to give his life. tice, equality and liberty.

Kennedy proposed to increase, I F SIRHAN the human being AS A Jerusalemite who washad sent the Jordanian town of dies, his name as a victim of Irdid into flames, killing and subjected through the years to " I s r a e l i " imperialistic aggression the same incident of ugly Israeli wounding over 150 civilians. will never die. t e r r o r i s m that Sirhan experiBy All Baghdad!

SIRHAN is ready to pay with enced, I protest against the cam- his own blood for a cause he Pres. Ex-officlo paign waged by Sirhan's own de- thought necessary to save human Arab Students Assoc. fense a t t o r n e y s to deny the life. He was terribly shocked young Arab the opportunity and when he heard that the man he the time to present to the whole loved and t h o u g h t of a s a world, in his own words, the real "saint" was bowing to American Dear Sir: I am a housewife, mother of reasons which turned him from Zionists' pressure and advocating three small children. I have an a peaceful human being into an violence for political ends. all-black family. obsessed political killer.

Sirhan was crestfallen to find I am requesting an article It was in the vicinity of Sirout that Kennedy, the dove who about: "White and Black Marh a n ' s "Israeli"-occupied home had called for peace in Viet riages in U.S. of America." where the Jewish Irgun gang Nam, promised to give " I s r a e l " I AM S U R E e v e r y young boastfully paraded the 50 half more sophisticated war machi- housewife like me would like to naked Arab women survivors of nery to kill more Arabs and octhe Deir Yassin massacre in cupy more land. which 254 men women and chilKennedy's u n n e c e s s a r y r e dren were murdered in cold marks about the Arabs unfortublood on April 9,1948. nately stimulated Sirhan to act as With loud speakers, the Zionist a judge, jury and executioner. terrorists warned the Arab deSirhan did not and does not befenseless population that, if they lieve that peace in the Middle did not get out at once, they JSast can be achieved by arming would suffer the same fate a s " I s r a e l " , but by un-doing the inthe people of Deir Yassin. justices imposed on the Arabs of Arnold Toynbee, the British Palestine: historian, referring to this in volume V I I I of his A S T U D Y L A C K I N G the means to be O F H I S T O R Y said, " T h e heard, Sirhan momentarily sacriJews' immediate reaction to ficed his youth to shake the contheir experience wastobe- science of the world by exposing f U J a H come persecutors in their the untold story of the tragedy tarn." of Palestine.

V I C T I M S O F " I S R A E L S " attempts to occupy larger amounts of A r a b land, these families are returning to Golan Heights in " I s r a e l i " occupied Syria. They are among the first refugees to return to their homes after the "Six-Day W a r " of 1967.

Black Mom Asks Why Black Men W e d White Girls

O

The Deir Yassin massacre was only one of a series of massacres calculated to drive the helpless

Sirhan is not a "sick m a n " as in the way implied by his so-called defenders. He is

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MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

MARCH 21, 1969

Did rMental Enslavement' Replace the Old?

B

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a

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k

L i f e

i

n

B a r b a d o s

ernment, but they are only rub- most highly mis-educated people ber stamps for the whites who on earth. We have soaked up the economically control the island Victorian, colonialist pattern of MONTREALâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;Barbados is an and for the stretched-out arm of education and in the process tost island in the Caribbean Sea, just our self respect," he said.

American imperialism." north of South America. Known Straughn and members of his " I N BARBADOS 99 per cent of as "Little England of the Caribbean," it was a British colony People's Progressive Movement the people are literate and you until November 1966 when it he- are voices against this and aremay s a y this is good," comcame supposedly politically inde- trying to mobilize more and mented Straughn. "But my wife more people to join them. and I , and we are both teachers, pendent.

C a n d i d l y , Straughn reveals know that Barbadians have been A C T U A L L Y , it is no more than that P P M is a young organiza- l i t e r a t e enough to learn the a neo-colonial island where 3.4 tion which c o n s t i t u t e s but a wrong things, the wrhng way. per cent of the population (main- small minority of the people. We have l e a r n e d that what ly white) control upwards of 95Still, it is growing everyday and Queen Victoria said was right per cent of the land, and 6 perthe forces toward Black libera- and good instead of what the cent of the p o p u l a t i o n (also tion everywhere prod it on.

Barbados slave leader of a rewhite) control 85 per cent of the bellion said." businesses. " T H E A U T H O R I T I E S like to "Perhaps, if we were more i l There are about 250,000 people picture us as some sort of luna- literate, we would have built in Barbados, 215,000 Blacks, 15,- tic fringe, but it holds no water ourselves more culturally," he 000 other colored races and 10,- inasmuch as our arguments and lamented. " T o unlearn much of 000 whites. This quarter of a examination of p r o b l e m s are what we have been taught is million people live on an island rational and clinical," he said. going to take longer than my life about the size of Montreal, 166 Giving a couple of examples of time, even though I must do all square miles with a heavy popu- the c o l o n i a l sickness in hisI can to get the process rolling," lation density per square mile. homeland, the heavily British-ac- he remarked.

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S sought cented young man said "the culIt is taboo in Barbados for a to learn about conditions in Bar- tural erosion at home is to such Black man to enter into business bados from Glenroy Straughn, a an extent that when we were a or commerce. The vast majority teacher and chairman of the colony we called our police force of Blacks are servants all. They People's Progressive Movement. the Barbados police force and are field l a b o r e r s , domestic The Barbados leader was in just before we became 'indepen- workers, carpenters and the like, Montreal attending a conference dent' we changed the name to civil servants or teachers. the Royal Police Force. When we on the war in Viet Nam. U N E M P L O Y M E N T and underhad an old hospital it was called employment ranges from 20,000 " C U L T U R A L L Y and mentally the Barbados General Hospital. to 50,000 of the quarter-million we are like Blacks in the United After .spending $8 million of our population. Housing authorities States," o b s e r v e d Straughn. own money in building a new give preferential treatment to "That is, we are largely coloni- h o s p i t a l , we renamed it thecivil servants in obtaining housa l . " He related that "we have Queen Elizabeth Hospital." ing loans.

Black Power in government, if Most Black Barbadians feel From 1960-66, the middle-class you want to call it that. Our they have a good educational civil servant got nine times more parlimentary system has permit- system, but Straughn maintains government housing loans than ted Black people to run the gov- "the Barbadians are among the the average worker, according to Straughn. This helps keep the middle-class government employ- G L E N R O Y S T R A U G H N , immense and articulate chairman of ee contented and loyal to thethe Barbados People's Progressive Movement, talks with M U administration.

H A M M A D S P E A K S reporters duing anti-war conference in A "good" sugar p l a n t a t i o n Montreal. Straughn drew parallels to the mental enslavement worker earns around $30 a week of Afro-American living in the United States and those native during the harvest season. He is to the island-nation of Barbados. ( v i s u a l tMPAcr/skip Bossette) The number of African, Asian period while the number of poor a piece worker and is paid per and Latin American descendants E u r o p e a n American families ton harvested. During the out-ofliving below poverty level in Chi- dropped from 54,000 to 39,000. crop season, he is supposed to cago increased by more than 29 One out of every three non-Eu- be paid about $14-a-week. The per cent from 1959 through 1967. ropean families is living in pov- hitch here is that he must he a r â&#x20AC;˘ sSr.Jr .< . r e g i s t e r e d (by the employer) D U R I N G THIS same period, a erty in Chicago. worker, and a large number nevcensus of the U.S. social security T H E A V E R A G E income of a er get registered by the bosses administration showed, the numc e ntral-city (non-suburban) during the heavy harvest season. ber of European Americans livEuro-American man in 1967 was ing below poverty level dropped STRAUGHN ADMITS housing $6,465. The Afro-American man's almost 28 per cent. conditions have improved, but Chicago led New York and Los average was only $4,380.

(Continued on page 38) Although the average female Angeles in the percentage incease in "nonwhite" poverty. worker's income was lower than As usual, the census found, the the males in both groups, AfroAfrican American community led American women earned only 72 all others in the increase of per cent of the salary of EuroAmerican women. non-European poor.

By J O E W A L K E R and S K I P B O S S E T T E

Black Poverty on Increase While White Poverty Drops

HEAR

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The survey of 212 metropolitan areas set the "poverty level" at an income of $3,335 or less for a family of four. Many people pointed out, however, that this figure is unrealistically tow considering the inflationary cost of living.

In Chicago the number of poor descendants of Third World nationalities (African, Asian and Latin American) rose from 55,000 to 71,000 during the eight-year SHABAZZ KOSHER MARKET

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MARCH 21, 1969

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

12

Dental Health

Oil

Readers' Questions Provide Toothy Dental Subjects DR. L E O P X McCALLUM We occassionally receive a number of interesting letters from some of our readers. I thought I would herein pass on to you some of the questions of a more general nature that are asked and our answers to them.

A R E A D E R SHOWED considerable concern about the color of her five-year-old son's gums.

She described them as being dark and spotted, not one color or all pink as she thought to be more normal. She was also concerned about a space between his front teeth: Our reply to her was: Dark, spotted, unevenly colored gums are quite common amongst Black people. In fact, one of the problems we sometimes have in denture construction for Black people is trying to match the shades of their gums which may be anything from light pink to pink with brown spots, purple spots or dark brownish purple altogether.

Dr. Leo

P R O T E S T I N G I N I T I A L South A f r i c a n Airways' SPACING O F T H E decidous (baby) teeth and even the early flight into United States, demonstrators a s permanent teeth is also quite common and usually normal. Don't sert A m e r i c a virtually endorsed Nazi South forget that the permanent teeth which replace the baby teeth will be larger than the deciduous teeth.

A f r i c a enslavement of Blacks by granting the airline landing privileges a t John F . Kennedy Airport in N e w York.

(Photo by WiHtom Johnsonl

If there are no spaces present, since all of the deciduous teeth are not lost at the same time, the permanent teeth might not have the room they need to get into the correct position in the jaw bone.

BAGHAD—An article in thestooges are raging more and We worry about crowded teeth, not spaced ones.

Iraqi paper, " A l Nur," focused more fiercely t h r o u g h o u t the on the Middle Eastern-North Af- world, and volcanoes of mass inrican cancer called " I s r a e l " and dignation which are erupting one announced: "Imperialism w i l l after another will finally sweep away all enemies of the people," NEW YORK—Equatorial Guin- United States—to protect Afri- never vanish of itself unless we the article said. ea, a West African nation, re- can, Asian or Latin American deal it bloody blows with our bayonets."

The world-wide struggles are cently asked for 150 United Nanations against bullying oppres" T H E F L A M E S of the heroic "mutually c o n n e c t e d in Asia, tions troops to counter the colonial, racist aggression of 450sion at the hands of their Euro- s t r u g g l e s for freedom and Latin America and Africa," the against i m p e r i a l i s m and itsarticle continued. I t said that the Spanish troops stationed in theAmerican "masters."

Iraqi N e w s S a y s Third W o r l d W i l l T o p F o e s

S p a i n C o n t i n u e s To M e n a c e Y o u n g

prime foe of the mutual effort is "world imperialism headed by U.S. imperialism."

The article claimed that the U.S. would only destroy itself if it tried to use atomic weapons to stamp out the "armed struggle of the people."

In conclusion, the article said "No power is more powerful than m a n . "

newly independent country.

F E R N A N D O Marias Nguema, president of the tiny nation, made the request in a cable to U Thant, U.N. Secy-Gen. A UN spokesman said that only the Security Council, which he said had not been requested to meet on this matter, could send supporting troops.

Spain renounced possession of the African nation last October.

In the past, the U.N. has regularly failed—because of the abusive power of Europe and the VISIT

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MARCH 21, 1969

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

IS

Catholic W r i t e r A d m i t s 'Biafra' U s i n g

Big-Lie

G e n o c i d e G u / 7 f O n 'Biaha*,

Not

Technique

Nigeria

By TOM BURNS Editor, "The Tablet"

about 50 per cent Christian, with half of these Catholic, made this the basis of his appeals for symL O N D O N — (The role of Catholic and Zionist interests in pathy and help to the Christian creating and prolonging the rich world.

Ibo tribal leaders' traitorous at- H E HAS succeeded in misditempt to claim an imaginary recting religious fervor and joinnation called "Biafra" is not ing it with tribal fears of genosomething dreamed up by sup- cide, to produce a fanatical spirporters of the Nigerian people. it of resistance. Thus he prolongs a war the outcome of To prove this, MUHAMMAD which is inevitable. If genocide SPEAKS reprints, in part, the is in question, it must be laid at following article printed in "The the door of Colonel Ojukwu himTablet," a leading Catholic week- self; he seems prepared to let ly journal. his people die In uttermost misThe article was written by Tom ery, so long as there Is some Burns, editor of "The Tablet,"hope of International recognition following a visit to Nigeria. It of his own c l a i m s (emphasis appeared in the 12/7/68 issue. added).

The hard fact that articles like this one are generally suppressed . . . But the cry of genocide is in the major United States news constantly raised. It was alleged, media accounts of the Nigerianfor instance, that five hundred inhabitants of a village called conflict has led many supposedly Uruainyang had been killed in N I G E R I A N S K N O W why France, the United progressive Afro-American figcold blood on October 4th by Fed- States, W e s t Germany, Britain, " I s r a e l , " Porures to become tricked into giveral troops. This was repeated tugal, " R h o d e s i a , " "South A f r i c a " and other ing lip service and even money by the world's press. I was able commercial-exploiter racists hate and fear to the commercial exploiters to talk with the Observers who seeking to cripple the Nigerianhad immediately gone to thethem. They know, that putting a gang of people.) scene, interviewed the mission-

" U n c l e T o m " agents I Ibo " B i a f r a n s " ) in control of rich lands is the time-worn tricknowledgy of those who enslave so-called underdeveloped nations.

Focus Eyes of Nation's Ghettoes On Chicago In Attack On Bad Meat Safes

THIS I S the story of an awak- ary priest on the spot, F r . Bree, ening to an African situation as well as the village elders and which to me — as to most of my who had reported that the story countrymen—had been a dark was without foundation. cloud of unknowing . . . My The report was signed by Maviews on the Nigerian situation ior-General Milroy of Canada, The problems of Black people The Rev. C. T . Vivian, coordi- goods than other stores in our were confused at that time. I had M a j o r - G e n . Raab of Sweden, in ghettoes across the country, nator of COALITION, said .as community. F o r too long Red listened to harrowing accounts of B r i g a d i e r - G e n . Fergusson of are not only symbolized by theMUHAMMAD S P E A K S wait to Rooster has been the symbol of oppression and suffering of the ( E n g l a n d ) and Col. Alfons fact that many go to bed with press: the white man taking our money Ibos . . . I was aware of theLIkiewcs of Poland. empty stomachs at night, but and leaving only disrespect. We "Black People are united in widespread belief that a place It stated that " a l l the inhabi- thousands go to bed after conwill no longer tolerate the abusthe struggle with Red Rooster. called " B i a f r a " really existed; tants interviewed were pleased suming foul, t a i n t e d meats, es of a Red Rooster anywhere in For too long Red Rooster has that there was a people predomi- to have the F e d e r a l troops weighed on unbalanced scales by the Black community." c h a r g e d us more money for nately C h r i s t i a n and Catholic among them . . . " This is butovercharging merchants. seeking only freedom from an one instance of the outrageous PEOPLE moving oppressor: persecuted by sur- Iving that is going on and one B L A C K r o u n d i n g Muslim and pagan must ask o n e s e l f how much through the offices and aid of VIRGINIA'S GOVERNOR re- used to go back to work until States bent on genocide. hatred and fear has it engen- SCLC's Operation Breadbasket, have picked up the standard, cently signed the hotly debated after Gov. Arch Moore signed (At this point Burns tells how dered. here in Chicago, demanding that "black lung" bill and thus ended he came to accept the invitation WAR I T S E L F is always an the bill to increase compensation the scales of justice be even- a t h r e e - w e e k strike by the of the Nigerian Chief Justice to atrocity and breeds atrocities. benefits for miners disabled by handed, and that one particular state's 42,000 coal miners. come to Nigeria, travel where he Many were the tales in the libersupermart chain cease the sale Most of the strikers had ref- pheumoconiosis. wished and talk to whom he ated area which I visited of wil- of bad meats in the ghetto based ful murder and destruction perpleased.) stores it operates. petrated by the Ibos in their reThe sum of these conversaTheir target is the R E D ROOStreat, of their gross tyranny tions has given me a concepT E R stores, coflvicted over 30 whilst in possession. tion of the country and of I N W A S H I N G T O N , D.C. . . . The probability is that times in the past for short the position of the Church weights and other c o n s u m e r blood will have blood and that there completely d i f f e r e n t there is no monopoly of guilt or frauds. The o v e r l o r d of the from the Catholic case as innocence on either side. It must R O O S T E R enterprises, Bernie projected by the propagandHahn, has failed to meet with ists for "Biafra." I see now be said, however, that whilst Breadbasket, or COALITION, a C o l o n e l Ojukwu's propaganda that the dictum of Hitler, group including scores of organithat the bigger the lie the niles on atrocity stories, the Fedzations representing many phaseral policy is to play them down. more people are likely to The Federal Government is bent es of the Black community. swallow it, has been borne on ultimate (peace), and for this out.

G . HAMPTON JONBS . . . Colonel Ojukwu's uprising reason does not wish to exaggerCatch Basin and sewers open without was never a last resort against ate the ill-doing of its enemies.

Ojukwu has everything to gain digging Complete line of service 24 an aggressor but a well-prepared hours. from doing the reverse. bid for conquest of the country 7951 S. St. Lawranc* General Gowon (Nigerian bead as a whole. It overran and tem-

M i n e r s G e t N e w 'Black Lung' L a w

O N T V

porarily dominated two neighboring states, made a thrust towards Lagos, pillaged and murdered in its advance, made devastation in its retreat and thus c r e a t e d the refugee problem which has riveted the attention of the world. . . . Religious intolerance in Nigeria was practically unknown until Ojukwu, taking advantage of the fact that his Ibos are

(Continued on page 39)

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J U D I D E A R I N G dances to the memory and works of W . E . B. DuBoise whose life spanned nearly 100 years of unflagging devotion to his people and justice throughout the world. Most of DuBois' literary works have become classics. His work in various fields continues to set models in those endeavors today,

Pay Posthumous

E V E N IN T H E DUSK of his life, Black genius W . E . B. DuBois was held in such high esteem that leaders of the world's most progressive movements kept in constant conference with

him. Here, he is seen talking to leaders of the Algerian revolution including the highly regarded A h m e d Ben Bella ( a t his right),

Homage to Dr. DuBois at 100th Birthday

Fete

that Mississippi schoolyard, he here. page He told us 9) something about performed a function that some white America imposes on all its selves," he said. "We can de(Continued from Black Power. He told us someAfro-Americans. The deprivation mand five or six states as the told

us something

about unity

and reality of powerlessness that piece

of the nation

for our-

'poet' must always perform at the proper moment in history," of the minimal where-withal for territory for a Black nation or a decent life and the exploitation we can carve out the ghettos In declared Hatcher. each city as our own turf. This "He gave voice; he gave a of Black Americans comes natuhas possibilities," he remarked. rally to the top dogs. name to a development in the He maintains that there is life of Black America which was H E QUOTED F R O M an article happening anyway, and which nothing new about the search for by W. H. Ferrie, vice-president power by Afro-Americans.

What needed a name so that we could of the Center for the Study of talk about it and think about it. is new is that that search has Democratic Institutions, in the been intensified and that we are I say he named it rather than Saturday Review of June 15, created it because the movement combining pride in being Black 1968, in which Ferrie writes: towards Black Power under oth- with the search for power.

"What Black town wants most, er names has had a long and white town cannot give it. Black R E V I E W I N G T H E search for honorable past. If it has become town wants independence and the dominate tone of our emo- Black Power during the last two the authority to run its own aftions in the last two to three decades, Hatcher concluded that fairs. It wants to recover its years, that is only because, like the use of the courts to bring manhood, its self-love and to dethe proverbial s n o w b a l l , time about change and Dr. Martin L u The teachers' union is lobbying and frustration has made of the ther King's campaign of non-vio- velop its ability to conduct a self-reliant community." for strong central control of snowball an avalance." lence failed. He also criticized The Gary mayor told a joke schools, emphasizing opposition the paternal role of whites in the governing board of I.S. 201 and about c o - e x i s t e n c e between to community control in any E X P L A I N I N G what Black old civil rights m o v e m e n t .

Charles E . Wilson, administrator form and insisting that its "spe- Power has meant to him, Hatch- "Whites assigned to us the role Blacks and whites that drew a of the district. cial interest group" have the er asserted, " m y Blackness has of strangers in our own struggle roar of laughs from the audiBOTH W E R E accused by a veto-say on hiring and firing of been the dominate factor of life's and acted as if they knew that ence. I n essence, it went like state committee, headed by a personnel. experience, like it has been for was good for us better than we this—a lion and a lamb were put Harold G. Israelson, of interferin a cage together to show every Black man in America did," he said. ing with so-called proper operaBOTH T H E C I T Y government . . . We have been told one thing To Hatcher it is clear that what's possible. E a c h day people tion of the schools and the punand state regents, that supposed- —democracy and freedom, 'we Blacks have to lead our ownwould come by to look at the ishment, suggested by the racist ly supervise education through- hold these truths to be self evi- struggle, spell out our own needs amazing sight of a lion and lamb teachers' union, was recommendout the Empire State, have put dent; that all men are created and priorities. Would-be white living together peacefully. Finaled. To date, the central Board of forth s o - c a l l e d "compromise" equal;' we have lived quite an- helpers have another task to per- ly a man went up to the keeper Education has sat on its hands proposals. E a c h would give a other—slavery, K u Klux Klan, form, one which Hatcher sus- of the cage and asked "will you regarding what is to be done crumb of c o m m u n i t y control white liberals so concerned with pects may be an impossible task, explain to me how this can b e ? " with Spencer and Wilson. while in reality keeping the final Black people that they tell them and that is to seek to cure the The keeper replied "well, it's Perhaps most eyes of people say, direction and control in the exactly what they ought to want, sickness of racism among then- very easy. E v e r y morning we for and against community con- hands of bureaucracies. put in another lamb." s c h o o l s that don't teach us, own people. trol are turned to Albany, N.Y., p r o m i s e s from the Supreme Although not rejecting Black What lever or levers can prothe state capital, where the most Last, but unfortunately least as immediate decision as to what far as most state legislators are Court which turn to ashes in vide the power that Afro-Ameri- s e p a r a t i o n , Mayor Hatcher the official policy will be will be concerned, is a bill that would s t r i k e s against Ocean Hill- cans need to wrestle a better raised some questions. way of life from the power made. Several bills are being give substance to the concept of Brownsville in New York." " T H E W H I T E P O W E R strucconsidered in the state legisla- community control, backed by From a child on, Hatcher was struggle within the total society? ture, which pinches pennies from ture affecting this city's school community forces and therefore aware of his Blackness but more Hatcher discussed a number of system. most certainly doomed. o p t i o n s . ^"We can demand a overwhelming was the feeling of exile when he died in Ghana thing about pride and no apology in 1963. " I think he died at about making our own judgments home," said Hatcher. " I t was he and not c o n c e r n i n g ourselves after all who convened the Panwith white approval for our herAfrican Conferences and gave oes, our martyrs, our beliefs and that movement its main impetus. our directions."

For such a man, home has nothThe main theme of Hatcher's ing to do with national boundaspeech had to do with Black ries. " I N HIS DRIVING thrust to-Power. "When Stokeley Carmiwards Pan-Africanism, Du Bois chael shouted 'Black Power' in

Discuss Racist Teachers Union In Empire State

(Continued from page 2)

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MARCH 21, 1969

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

1.5

After Kemer Report: Black Condition

Worsens

By Lonnie Kashif One such report, recently re- and submission, is not moving in WASHINGTON, D.C. — When leased by the Urban Coalition the direction of patience. the National Advisory Commis- and Urban America, Inc., and "The Black neighborhoods in sion on Civil Disorders, headed e n t i t l e d , "One Year Later," the cities remain slums, marked

by Gov. Otto Kerner issued its pointedly declared that the na-by poverty and decay; they rereport just one year ago, declar- tion has moved " a year closer to main ghettos, marked by racial ing that two distinct societies- being two societies, Black and concentration^ and confinement," one Black and one white—ap- white, increasingly separate and the report described. peared imminent, many scoffed, scarcely less unequal."

Some advances, such as efforts calling the report "liberal hogThe privately financed report of the private sector to employ wash." offered little optimism for those the hard-core jobless, including who seek to promote "integra- the JOBS program of the NationT H E R E P O R T , which fingered tion" at the expense of racial al Alliance of Businessmen and passage of a Federal open-hous"white r a c i s m " as the culprit, realism and tranquility. ing law, were noted in the rewas branded as propaganda, and T H E C O N C E R N brought about port, but the basic fact of the rejected in much the same manner as has been the divine warn- by the Kerner report a year ago, inevitable Black and white sepaings and prophecies of the Hon- has been "counterbalanced—per- ration remained. orable Elijah Muhammad, Mes- haps overbalanced—by a deepenAbetting these c o n c l u s i o n s ing adversion and resistance on were the Urban groups' findings, senger of Allah.

Subsequent r e p o r t s however the part of others," the report describing increased unemployrevealed. ment, particularly among Black have confirmed, in even more graphic terms, the growing so- "The mood of the B l a c k s , youth, deteriorating slum schoolcial and economic gulf between wherever it stands precisely in ing conditions, increasing Black the spectrum between militancy concentration, despite a slack in Blacks and whites in America.

B L A C K M I L I T A N T S and white radicals are slated for six major U.S. concentration camps, William Kunstler (right), civil rights lawyer, and Bob Williams, his associate, charged a t a N e w York press conference. A l l political foes of the U.S. militaryindustrial-congressional-crime syndicate will b e detained in these camps, Kunstler charged. country-to-city immigration b y need for a "national response to Blacks. the crisis." He charged that preT H E R E P O R T raised an ob-vious efforts have been "perilvious fact in question form: ously inadequate."

"The significant question is not New York City's Mayor, John whether Black-white polarization V. Lindsay, who served on both will cause disorder next summer, the Kerner Commission and the but whether it will become a year-later staff, made perhaps permanent American institution." the most poignant remark for John W. Gardner, chairman of white America. "America will the Urban Coalition complained, (Continued on page 27) at a press conference, of the

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charge that the U.S. Government has clear plans to use this and five other camps to imprison militant foes of U . S . exploiters' wars, racism and other crimes.

C O N C E N T R A T I O N C A M P a t Allenwood, P a is presently disguised by single barbed wire strand granting it "minimum security" status.

U.S. newsmen, like the one reacting sign above, downplayed A t t y . William Kunstler's

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MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

16

Q

i

e

t

P l a n

t

d

Q

i

P r o t e s t s

l

e

t oC o m m e m o r a t e

i

MARCH 21, 1969

m

K i n g

MASSIVE DEMONSTRATIONS throughout the country are being planned for April 4, the first anniversary of Dr. Martin Luther King J r . ' s assassination.

The Rev. Ralph David Abernathy, who became president of SCLS following King's death last year, said: " I expect to see boycotts, school walkouts, work stoppages, peace demonstrations, students' protests, rent strikes, marches against hunger and many other forms of nonviolent action." *

G u e r r i l l a s

#

*

H i tU . S .A i r f i e l d

i n L a o s

G U E R R I L L A F O R C E S seeking to overthrow the puppet rulers of Laos and oust American military forces launched a daring night attack on the Royal capital of Luang Prabang, concentrating a mortar attack on the U.S. airfield about three miles outside the city.

Several American plans were destroyed and direct hits were made on two hangars and a barrack.

D e v e l o p

" S p e c i a l "

F o r H i j a c k e r s

A GROUP of freshmen engineering students at the Iowa State University has given the police the hammer and the sickle, which like mace, would stun or tranquilize a would be hijacker.

However the development of this gas, only guarantees that B R O T H E R S G R A D U A T I N G from Muhammad cluded (from left) G a r y X, Michael Harrithis so-called "tranquilizer" will be used against black people and University No. 4, in Washington, D . C , i n - son, Kelvin X, Allan X , and Kermit X . difficult to handle peace-students.

The students involved came up with yet another thought, the J a i l e d P a n t h e r E n t e r s Politics, R u n s t o r O f f i c e use of meal detection systems.

J E R S E Y C I T Y - A Black Isaiah Rowler, the Panther's geous frame-up."

ANOTHER T E A M of inventive youths came up with idea of Panther leader who has been in- Minister of Defense in New JerOne count charges him with having a special compartment in back of the plane's cockpit, where dicted in connection with a ma-sey, is in Hudson County jail in assault on four policemen and a a would-be hijacker could be trapped and gas would then be chine-gun attack on a police pre- lieu of $30,000 hail awaiting trial civilian in connection with a madisbursed. cinct has announced his candida- on five indictments which local chine-gun attack on the fifth pre— * * * cy for the Jersey City Council.

Black leaders call " a n outra- cinct headquarters last November.

U . S .

C h a p l a i n s

C h o r e

T o u g h e n s

IT IS BECOMING exceedingly difficult for chaplains to commune with American men in uniform, the chief of Air Force chaplains said earlier this week.

Maj. Gen. Edwin R. Chess gave his thoughts in a interview at Nellis Air Force Base, in L a s Vegas. Not only did Gen. Chess infer that citizen-soldiers are more difficult to talk with, in the face of growing U.S. hypocrisy over the last 25 years, but he also admitted that the chaplains have to use a soft-sell nowadays.

"Most

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W o r l d

W a t c h i n g

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STUDENTS H E R E in Karachi, Pakistan—like their colleagues around the world—are calling the imperialistic forces of the United States down, and demanding this country's departure immediately, from their shores.

Earlier this week, youthful demonstrators set the front gate of the U.S. information agency library aflame, and burned down a parked American truck.

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T H E LABOR D E P A R T M E N T reported recently that the rate of on-the-job injuries has been on a steady increase and reached the highest point in a decade in 1967. Statistics for last year are not yet available.

The injury-frequency rate in manufacturing in 1967 rose to 14 disabling accidents per million man-hours of work from 13.6 in 1966 and 12.8 in 1965, the bureau reported. The figure has been on an uptrend since 1958, when the bureau's survey showed' an injuryfrequency rate of 11.4. * * Nt S t u d e n t

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MARCH 21, 1969

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

17

Muhammad:

t o "What

Allah,

L i v e

in the Person

Muhammad,

Has

of Master

Taught

Fard

Me."

By Elijah Muhammad (Messenger of Allah) It is t r u e a n d poison

world

poison

spiritual

are

the

understandable

—

base

poison food.

of

food,

T h e

our

that w e

poison

three

life.

O u r

live in

drinks,

mentioned

lives

a

and

above

depend

upon

them.

MUST

W E of

G o d

and

nature do

to

not

be

T h e y

their

own.

this

and

enemy

If

of

could

they

had

guidance,

that

who

G o d

path

of

made

They

of

world

the

were

world.

ings

remember

Righteous,

enemies

follow

way.

again

the

the

were

and

righteousness form

the

not

have

been

followed

the

not

since

they

had

to

different

from

ours,

they

did

so.

think hard of them

for doing that which

m a d e

do.

Here tend

is

a

to

good

to f o l l o w

the

W e

have

example

course

to b e

that

Moses shall

forbade them not eat

says

just

ing,

" W h a t

eat

it."

world

they

90

breaking If

wrong

with

is

do

he

fills

that

divinely

cent

of

law

and

will

is

swear

any

you

a

mistake;

w e

into

the

beans

to

the

of

the

but

time w e

best

to

in

and

Bible

that then

teaches

must

take (the

us

and

to

we

cursing.

like to d e c e i v e us follow

the

food. T h e

do

not

eat

him.

Orthodox

the hog

and

f r o m their

foods.

I

Orthodox

do

not

Jews,

marm a k e

who

the type of poison we

produce

eat

do

foods

do

own.

and not

remember if w e

can

Good

no

is f i n e

m a k e

a

which

meat w e

is

good

eat, try

is get

whole

butter

for

habit

lamb and sheep. A s

that

that

foods

our

milk

meat,

again,

should

our o w n

whole

e a t it, s o

of

them

Christians.

eating a lot of beef. E a t said

see

if y o u b u y

thing that

we

the

better

produce

good

if

follow

the hog.

else.

will

devil,

they

m e a n

earth

And,

us

you

get

best

get the

O N E can

and

shall

flesh, the

would

when

I

by

BUT, that

"Thou

prohibited people

H e say-

throughout

in their markets

consumed

"Thou by

full of swearing a n d

m a d e

eat the

will

not carry

G o d

the- h o g ? "

or curse, are

in order

right

it,

other poison foods, a n d kets,

of

Bible,

G o d

Righteous) say,

in-

G o d

not

are

not G o d

if

truthfully

I

did T h e

its c a r c a s s . "

everything

I

of

have

for

us;

to eat

the

it.

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Jews

touch

a not

shall not do, he says thou shall do.

that their mouths H e

D o

they

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from eating the swine:

reverse;

A n d ,

with

And,

the

the

"(F

careful.

of our G o d ,

Truth, Freedom, Justice, a n d Equality.

of of

been

But,

nature

any

G o d

have

ours.

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in

teachings

the W o r l d

would

by

Righteousness,

to

they

enemies

m a d e

BRASILIA, Brazil — Brazil's years since the founding of the foreign debts have i n c r e a s e d bank, the institution has granted sharply over the past few years, 61 loans to Brazil to the tune of making the Latin American na- $561 million. tion one of the ranking debtor-j "Many U.S. loans to Brazil countries in the world. come from the usurious interest Brazil's new financial fix is on previous loans exacted by the felt to be the result of American United States," a Brazilian econeconomic aggression there and omist observed. " E v e n the Inreckless economic policies car- ter-American Development Bank ried out by Brazil's reactionary itself admitted that for every military government.

U.S. dollar loaned to Brazil by The n a t i o n ' s foreign debts the bank, three dollars of U.S. were reported to have reached a loans are derived from transfertotal of 4,700 million U.S. dollars ence of interest payable to Braat the end of 1967. Interest on zil. this debt amounts to $1,000 milT H E U N I T E D S T A T E S extorts lion. huge amounts of interest from Most of the foreign loans came its loans to Brazil, he added. from the United States or interAccording to a report in the national financial organizations Jornaldo Brasil, the nation has under U.S. control. According to an official announcement, in the three years between April 1964— when the military regime seized power—and April 1967, U.S. foreign " a i d " and loans totalled $1,000,000,000.

F E L I P E H E R R E R A , president of the U.S. c o n t r o l l e d InterA m e r i c a n Development Bank, admitted recently that "loans granted by the Inter-American Development Bank to Brazil every year accounted for 20 per cent of the total amount of loans it approved."

He added that in the eight

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The result is that Brazil is paying off its old debts by making new ones, thus becoming more and more debt-ridden.

T h r o u g h it all, the United States exploits Brazil through usurious interest and exerts all sorts of political and economic pressures through loans which continue to bind the reactionary Brazilian government ever more tightly to the whims of U.S. desires.

3

18

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

MARCH 21, 1969

Tribute to DuBois (Continued from page 14) years for wrong-doing in a federal penitentiary.

Model Cities plans to Head Start " I f you compare me to those programs, will not readily give fellows," commented Hatcher, " I up control of the major sections just very well could be the most of New York, Chicago and Los qualified person to ever run for Angeles. mayor."

"The slumlords who live in Explaining his election victory, pretty suburbs on the profits the youthful Gary chief executive they make from hell-holes in the stated "because Black people in ghettos will not turn over their Gary got themselves together, hobbles to other owners for the some good has resulted. Some asking. Black towns are intrigu- local efforts are being made to ing but they beg the question, make certain that they won't be for we must—should we decide exploited quite so mercilessly we want them—first find power and that they will get their to get them." share of what is coming, to the Discussing political power in extent of what is available. cities with large Black populations, Hatcher observed that his " R I G H T T H E R E is the rub. I | election as mayor of Gary, Indi- may be the mayor of Gary but I ana has done s o m e t h i n g for cannot, by that token, guarantee Gary's Black community as farthat Black people will share in as pride and a sense of self is the unbelievable profits of the concerned. "While we may still United States Steel Corporation be strangers in the village, it which dominates the city's ecosurely makes us feel less strange nomic life. that one of us has been chosen with setting the p a c e for many national and " I AM T H E MAYOR of Gary R I C H A R D G . H A T C H E R , Mayor of G a r y , to head the village government," world insights into the plight of Black people. but I cannot stop a war in Viet- Indiana, lauds the life and works of Du Bois he said.

H e also gave attention t o his leading role in nam which drains the national with conviction o f his address etched in emothe creation of Pan-Africanism.

H E R E C A L L E D THAT, while treasury to such an extent that tion across his face. Hatcher credited DuBois running for office, the first ques- only very limited programs are tion whites put to him was "doavailable to the city for the reyou think you're ready?" Hatch- construction of its Black commuer would always quote in annity.

U.S. exploitation of oil in South to the c o m p a n y last week, leum Company, a subsidiary of swering "ready, or not, here we " I am the mayor of Gary, and American countries received an- spokesmen for the oil complex the Standard Oil Company (New come."

I was elected as a Democrat but other blast last week when the were silent; however, the U.S.Jersey).

The next question whites asked I am not able to sway the white Ecuadorian Government d e l i v - State Department was known to Hatcher during his c a m p a i g n Democratic Party so that it will ered a list of demands for rene- be watching this move towards COMPANY spokesmen peevish- J was, "do you really think youreverse the present trend of na-gotiations to the Texaco Petrole- 'self-determination' with g r e a t ly claim that they have spent are qualified?" Hatcher relates tional priorities and make the um Company concerning the oil-fear. The Ecuadorian action for over $80 million to date in unear" I was very naive at the time need of the Black community the laden upper Amazon basin. 'home rule' over the countries thing the oil fields, which lie and would always talk about first on the list.

When Galo Martinez Merchan, resources, followed in the wake near the C o l o m b i a n border, those things I thought qualified Minister of Industry and Com- of Peru's expropriation of prop- about $200-million will be needed " I AM T H E MAYOR of Gary merce, handed the communique erties of the International Petrome to be mayor of Gary—my before any oil flows to market. education, my experience as abut I cannot change the fact that prosecutor, and on and on. I our schools are too poorly-funded soon learned that those were not from state or national or even the kind of qualifications that local sources of revenue to provide the c a t c h - u p educational they were interested i n . " process that the city needs in Later he got smart and, when order to bring our Black youngconfronted with the qualifications sters up to educational standTIME inquiry, Hatcher would respond AREA STATION DIAL, K C DAY ards."

AKRON. OHIO WCUE 1150 SUN. 8 P.M "well, I don't know whether I ' m 5:00 P.M Hatcher r e v e a l e d a further ATLANTA—GRIFFIN. GA WERD 860 SUN. really qualified or not but let's ATLANTIC CITY—VINE LAND, N. J WDVL 1270 SUN. 3:00 P.M (TIMES LISTED talk about some of the other problem and that is, what he BALTIMORE, MD WSID 1010 SUN.12:30 P.M ARE L O C A L ) can't do for his Black brothers, mayors Gary has had."

BIRMINGHAM, ALA XERF 1570 SUN.7:30 P.M he can't do for white people in 2 P.M BOSTON. MASS WILD 1090 SAT. T H E F I R S T MAYOR of Gary, Gary either. "Although I have BOSTON. MASS WILD 1090 SUN. 4 P.M elected in 1906, was arrested 14 some local political power, it be10:30 A.M BUFFALO, N.Y WUFO 1080 SUN. times during his two years in 5:30 P.M CHICAGO, ILL WJOB* 1230 SUN. (Continued on page 30) 2:00 P.M CHICAGO. ILL WYLO 540 SUN. office for c o r r u p t i o n . Orville LISTEN to 6:30 A.M CINCINNATI, OHIO WDAOI07.7FM SUN. Johnson, another Gary mayor, I 1:30 A.M. CLEVELAND, OHIO WABO 1540 SUN. went to prison for four years, I CHANGE DALLAS. TEXAS XERF 1570 SUN.6:30 P.M. came back and was elected may6:30 A.M DAYTON OHIO WDAOI07.7FM SUN. or again. Hatcher's opponent had 12:00 NOON DETROIT. MICH WGPR-FM 107.5 SUN. Mr. T H E the backing of still another exDETROIT, MICH WCHB 1440 SUN.6:30 P.M. mayor of Gary who spent three 10:00 A.M DURHAM, N.C. WSRC 1410 SUN. F L O Y D GARY IND WJOB 1230 SUN. 5:30 P.M. HAMMOND. IND WJOB 1230 SUN. 5:30 P.M. W E L T O N MUHAMMAD ELLIS' B O O K S T O R E HARVEY, ILL WJOB 1230 SUN.5:30 P.M HOUSTON, TEXAS XERF 1570 SUN.6:30 P.M. SPECIALIZING IN S H O W JACKSON, MISS XERF 1 5 7 6 SUN.6:30 P.M. AFRO-AMERICAN LITERATURE KANSAS CITY. MO XERF 1570 SUN.6:30 P.M. NOW ON 6 4 4 7 S. COTTAGE GROVE A V E LITTLE ROCK, ARK XERF 1570 SUN.6:30 P.M. Every Week CHICAGO, ILLINOIS WEAW-FM 10:00 P.M. LOS ANGELES. CALIF KTYM-FM 103.9 MON. 10:00 P.M. LOS ANGELES, CALIF KTYM-FM 103.9 TUES. PHONE: 3 6 3 - 9 3 8 4 10:00 P.M. Or LOS ANGELES, CALIF KTYM-FM 103.9 WED. yovr LOS ANGELES, CALIF KTYM-FM 103.9 THURS. 10:00 P.M. WEAW-fm-105.1 dial O n the Radio 10:00 P.M. LOS ANGELES, CALIF KTYM-FM 103.9 FRI. 6E0RGEI ANDREW'S HEATING CO. SERVING GREATER C H I C A G O L A N D 7:30 A.M. LOS ANGELES, CALIF KTYM-FM 103.9 SUN. Specialising In Cleveland Danback AND E V A N S T O N 3:30 P.M MEMPHIS, TENN K-WAM 990 SUN. Sale Air furnaces 5:30 A.M Boi'ers Installed and Serviced MIAMI—FT. LAUDERDALE. FLA WFAB 990 SUN. SAT. NIGHTS 1 0 P.M. TO 1 2 P . M .

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TUSCALOOSA, ALA XERF 1570 SUN.8:30 P.M P.O. B o x 2 0 2 0 1 P.O. B o x 2 0 2 0 1 TYLER, TEXAS XERF 1570 SUN.6:30 P.M 12:30 P.M Cleveland, Ohio Cleveland, Ohio WASHINGTON. D.C WOOK 1340 SUN.

Ecuador Follows Peru: Puts Clasp On U.S. Oil Lords

M U H A M M A D

SPEAKS

A Message of Truth . . . Mightier Than The S

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

SfARCH 21, 196$

W h a t

I s

I s l a m ?

By ELIJAH MUHAMMAD (Messenger of Allah) I S L A M N A M E

IS

A N

W H I C H

(submit

to the

A R A B I C M E A N S

Will

W H O S O E V E R W I L L

O F

W O R D

O R

Allah

T O

a

name

given,

Abraham,

Quran

Chap.

22:78.

is

O F

S I G N I F I C A N C E

M A K I N G

O F

P E A C E .

of

Muslim

greeting,

R O O T

C A M E

F R O M

A L L A H

In

B E G I N N I N G

P E A C E .

H e

is

O F

submit

the

Himself.

the

it

M U S L I M S ;

Will

of

Allah,

T H E Black

A I M

A I M M a n

O F

free

Christian

a n d set t h e m in H E A V E N

at

T H E

B L A C K

ginning fore,

is

he

B L A C K A s

a

Black

go

in

Father.

the

have

There-

N a m e

of

as

long

Negro

is

as

so-

to

the

blind

k n o w l e d g e of self, h e does not k n o w what

name

could

call

answer True

should

him

to

it,

be

anything

for

he

called.

white

American

and

does

m a n

Negro

so-called

nick

names

he

not

calls

by

the

many

American

would

T h e

nick-names.

the

then

what

black is

a

they

m a n

does

of

the

and

fore

the

son

of

should

his

the name

Father

of

an

be

called

and

not

alien. T h e

So

m a n y

has

tributes God).

G o d

T h e that

Good

such

100th H e

A N D

of

Names

as

M I G H T Y ,

IN

N a m e and

T H E

M a n y

Is

T H E

that

or

At-

or Attribute

of

W h i c h A L L ,

Ends

of

T H E

the T H E

E T E R refer

F O R C E , T H E

every

with

to

T H E M O S f

O F

and

T O T H E T O of

the

H e

Quran

Chap.

will

not

be

religion

. . .

O F

G O D

U S

religion

His

and P E A C E

for

O F

T H E

T H E

R E L I G I O N ,

of in the Bible, as

E N D

that

T H E

R E L I G I O N

Be T H E

T H E

H O L Y

Our

Father.

B E S T

So

are

Names

W h i c h

Wants

to

O N E ,

T H E

to

the

says

that

and the Most

many

of

have,

just

lieve

a

few

of

to

T h e m

Will which

you

will

as

Hog.

us.

W e

are

names

not which

their

the

who

keep

nor

shall

B I B L E

they

Rev.

" A n d

grieve.

21:4

God

more .

.

has for

death,

."

given grief

has

shall

Islam

similar away

and there

IS

brings

a

wipe

neither

T H I S

only is

one faith

up fear

shall

sorrow,

I S L A M . to us tears

to

nor

Allah remove

and

weep-

Y O U .

to

H e

Bible Names

W h o

His

down

a

Be-

Name,

Great

Bible

have

no

being,

such

as

beings

Fish.

N a m e

Is.

56:5,

of

your

meaning Mr.

Fish.

should

name

not

you

Mr.

Hog. T h e y call not be called

w i n g e d are

and

They

should

fowl.

worthless

white who

you

The Honorable Elijah Muhammad

bird.

They to

people

are

human

w h o

has

are

accepted

are given to them in

the

However,

that

nature,

by

and

His they

Judgment

They

(God). them.

people,

and

which

I T that

IS

by

O N L Y

nature

Y O U ,

should

Black

be

Brother,

called

by

N a m e s of your G o d and Father, the

These Names of

Allah

According

l o w e d to use O n e of t h e N a m e s of (God)

in

scriptures

His

2:277

a n d g i v e c h a r i t y , t h e r e is n o

T H A N K

beings.

T h e

the

the

in

and

Great

T h e

those

G i v e n

are not a

Bird. W e

2:176

worthy and

for the nick-names

Mr.

Y o u

7:3,

Forever,

human

be called Mr.

turn

human

are

D E C L A R E S

forehead).

Live

enemies?

to a

W e

H E A R T

Names

the

God,

to

until

are

their

in e x c h a n g e very

Rev.

place

H i m in

T H E

H e

pertaining

believe in H i m .

Bible, in

of

A L L A H

Beau-

these

are

Belong

Give

take

day

IN

A L L -

teaches us, that H e W i l l G i v e H i s

cannot

no

one

in

that

T H E

His N a m e s of Praise and O n e

to those w h o

Earth,

K N O W E R ,

Q U R - A N

should

Praise,

People

the

During

seen

believes

and

them

grief,

O F

M A K E R ,

T H E

O N E .

Names.

of

c a l l e d B y m e N a m e s o l God

A L L - H E A R I N G

we

O F F E R E D

ing.

I S

tiful

not

Chap.

who

to

(God)

of

race.

that

he

crying

C O M I N G

of the Christian W o r l d ,

S E E I N G

of

is

O F F E R E D

P E A C E .

all tears from their eyes; be

IS

Nation

(God)

prophecy,

S E L F

P E A C E .

Black

E N T E R S

Quran,

T H E

T H E

with

B E L I E V E R .

A L L A H Holy

Will

I N T O

P E A C E ,

IS

B E L I E F

P E A C E

prayer

the

have Upon

T H E

bring

to

will

O F

IS

I S L A M

T H A N

we

has

A L -

other

T O D A Y

L O S T - F O U N D

O T H E R

accepted.

that

with G o d

other

of

there

66:12.

I S L A M

Aboriginal

love

H E R E -

is b e c a u s e w e h a v e l i v e d f o r 4 0 0 y e a r s

de3:84

removal

Is.

U S ,

R E A S O N

T H E

the

I S L A M ,

interfere and

R E A S O N

(God)

R E L I -

and

to

who

of

P E O P L E

Is. 2 6 : 3

T H E

the

than

but

nothing

Bible,

p e o p l e

World

after

nothing

P E A C E .

A L L A H

T R U E

S U B M I S S I O N

O F

white

Repre-

with

Attributes

W I S E .

is

to

Begins

P O W E R ,

by

Attributed

L A S T ,

His

the

Man.

Names

Allah,

is A L L His

by

called

have heard

(99)

N a m e

C R E A T O R

F I R S T

you

W h i c h

Name,

name.

N a m e N A L .

(That

is t h e

sents

times

ninety-nine

There-

white race

alien people to the B l a c k

G o d

W h o

S U F F E R -

M A N .

American family

O F

T H E

E N T E R S

(sealed

direct descendant of the Creator

N a m e

not

mean.

(so-called

member

re-

nick-names

m a d e the Heavens and the Earth.

an

his

so-called

Negro,

for himself,

k n o w

Negro) a

by

k n o w

of the white m a n , although he even

it

the

B E E N

this

Y o u

Name.

T h e T h e

he

is

E N T I R E

his

the

the

religion,

(God)

has the Best Names

said,

American

IS

F A S H I O N E R ,

F A T H E R .

I

called

from

should

I S L A M ,

I S L A M

be-

is

with any other religion,

M E R C I F U L ,

from the root

be

time

Holy

M a n Should

m a n

other

Prophets

the

Messenger of Allah

cross

their

S I G N

or

that

IN T H E

By Elijah Muhammad

the

A F T E R ,

T H E T H E

t h e the

religions,

E N J O Y

O F

R E L I G I O N

His

I S L A M

the of

Black

For

A L L A H

prophesied

to

U N D E R

In

that if w e c o m e b e f o r e H i m , o n the J u d g -

and

P E A C E .

O F F

f o r

P E A C E .

ment Day,

P E A C E

the

cross

Why

the

is

in

and

I S L A M

I S L A M

from

S L A V E R Y

O F

clares

W A Y S

ones

D O W N

L O V E

I S L A M

O F

of

earth.

g r e e t i n g b e t w e e n e a c h o t h e r , is T H E

O F

mind

M A Y

represents

T R U E

I S L A M ,

throughout

O F

of

D E A T H .

G I O N

than

was

A U T H O R

A L L

to

A S -

( G o d ) , G O D ,

W E

which

S I N C E

a

W O R D

O F

peoples of

T H E R E F O R E

as

is

G E T

A N D

A N D

T H E

the

T H E

T h i s t r u t h is k n o w n

the religious

I N G

(peace).

R E A L

P E A C E .

it

A N D T H A T

Christianity. I T IS A

word

and

W A L K S peace

C O M E

B R O T H E R H O O D .

the

is

Muslim,

Arabic

S A L A A M - A L A I K U M

the

is

I t is t h e

and

in

Islam

H O M E S

A L L them

U S

C R O S S

P E A C E

I S L A M

P E A C E

idea of I S L A M .

between

T H E

of

L E T

C R E S C E N T

emblem

S I G N I F I C A N C E

dominant word

by

IN

to b r i n g

S A Y ,

T H E

T H E

G O O D

contentment.

I

(God).

S U B M I T S

and

and

S U B M I S S I O N

M U S L I M .

T H E

who

L I F E

is c a l l e d a

T H E

used

F R I E N D S H I P

A L L A H

Muslim Holy

of

once, with M O N E Y ,

P E A C E ,

religion

this

these

does

Names

al-

ator of the Heavens a n d the

Allah

T H I S

Islam.

T A U G H T

because of

Allah

not

mean

belong

to

I S

W H A T

the Cre-

Earth.

A L L A H

M E . B E L I E V E I T O R

H A S L E T

I T

A L O N E !

N E X T I S L A M T H E

. . . P R A Y E R

A N D

B L A C K

W H A T M A N

O F

I T

S E R V I C E M E A N S A M E R I C A !

O F T O

B l a c k

a

n

d

(Continued from page 1) present

rulers

(white)

S H O W D O W N

was

world

to

belongs

(Black

H e

the

day

Original

R A C E

(6,000

(white)

was given a

years)

to

be

the

of our earth and

is w e l l a w a r e

the earth

and

this

and

white ing

white

and

in

the

e

factories

so

m a n y

surgeon's

that

he

does

the

their

ways

leave

race

o w n

for

this

G R E A T

written

(Bible)

even

Jer.

trouble

is

between

49:21,

w e

brewing

destruction

Black

and

Black;

it s h o u l d n o t b e . B u t w h e r e to live w i t h w h i t e take

their

Black

to

go

that

of G o d , W h o which

and D o : owner

is a g a i n s t

the

W a n t s

is w r i t t e n

H e

(Black

N A T I O N ,

T h e

Defender

H e

Will

Restore and

to

is u n d e r

Guardianship

er,

M A H D I , of

T H E R E race

must

can

of

the

rightful

of

H e

is T h e

Restor-

the

Black

Nation.

Open

IS

N O T H I N G

think

Black

G o d

of

in

that the

this

day

T H E

W H I T E

not

W O R L D ,

been

asleep

a s it g o e s

to

its

Nation.

Therefore,

W h o

K n o w s

what

out,

atoms

of

responsi-

would

have no power

N

the

w e

W E

A R E

N O T

they

N E G R O E S .

That

those of us w h o h a v e a w a k e n e d knowledge

of

O R I G I N A L

self.

W E

is,

into

A R E

the

B L A C K

IS N O

O R

N A T I O N ,

which has been called from their

B E G I N -

N I N G

a

that

. .

the

.

N E G R O E S .

slave-master

This and

is

his

h a v e given to t h e A m e r i c a n

slang Slave depriv-

ing our fathers of the k n o w l e d g e of made

respected of

the

lack

us

as

B L I N D ,

nor

D E A F

fathers

made

of

think

be

m a n

a

of

w h y

O F

rob

a

in. T h e

to

said

of

way

W H O M

to m e , robbery

his

blind m a n

him,

and

help

him

to

people.

H e

put

the get

cannot

out.

is

used

how

with

Praises

are

that there than of

to

self.

can-

rob This

physical with

depends

a is

blindand

which

he

vant

to

support

of

to

around

among

see.

His

canes

eyes

the have

P I T I F U L .

in

T H E

W H I T E

part

be

of itself,

con-

of

and in

is

such

who

he

and

L E A D

him will

hands

of

M E N T A L

A M E R I C A N

to

stand,

the

of

and

sit

and

or

lay

a

ser-

civilization.

B L I N D N E S S

T h e

de-

com-

after all. T H I S B L A C K ness

men

way

by

So

one

it

M a n

is

with

a

who

sees

with

of

. . .

walking

less

being

feel and

names I F

accept

the

Names

of

worships him

ing

to

to

him;

the

he is

in

he

T O

he

is

the

a

to

and

G o d

Black

you

G o d

or

to

A

called

he

by

him.

to his

a n d to ask

society

of

P E O P L E .

Black

busi-

refuse

H E

give

them

which

and

keeps

master.

S L A V E

- M A S T E R S call

them

neutral-

see

actually large

means. of

that

'nigger.' of iron

this

In

civilized

A

N E G R O .

it,

Negro

log

iron

turns

the

is

of

(nigger) there

is

powered

logs

what

for w e

iron

sawyer

(nigger)

mills

that

by

piece

T h e

join

the

H I M S E L F

what

piece

of

Nations.

C A L L S

us

S E E

by

and does

his say,

is

makes

not

sawing

call,

the

called

the

the

piece what-

T H I S which

P I E C E

is

used It

and

edge of self w a s man,

have young

he

move

of

his

own

knowledge

awaits

the

T H I S T A U G H T

knowl-

to

T H E

for

both put

of

by

and

him of

he

now

a

us

nor

is

mem-

has he

into

lost now

action

self."

A M E R I C A N S O

the

is

one of the

people,

N E G R O .

M E .

Negro,

the

"he

is n o t o n e

is

itself.

of

that

knowledge

IS

log,

given this n a m e

of

someone

toward

(nigger)

heavy

of

deprived

able to call himself

bers the

H e

the

M A N , so-called

meaning

man.

I R O N

turn

cannot

uneducated white

O F

to

B L A C K

C A L L E D

nothing

I was a

man.

H e

means

a by

to turn the log in

worked in s a w mills w h e n

Regardless

silliness.

to

Independent

would

member

the

you

given to i

P O O R

C H I L D R E N

a

C

able to give 3

Nigger after having

become

neutral

answer-

him

name

meaningless.

it.

nick-

H I M

you is

into

knowledge

ized t h e m so that they are unable to and

T H E

to

C

is w e l l

and

that

W H I T E

Negroes

neutral.

meaning-

calls

himself

This

is

1

Poi

and the

the

ministers

Honorable

T H E I R

his

and

M A K E

the

Has

(God)

E D U C A T O R S ,

slave

s l a v e -

answer

m a n

given

H e

n a m e of

names

dismiss

name.

anything."

what

a

will

white

will

himself

by

in

made

name.

to a n s w e r

T R Y

a

himself

whatever

nick-names

" W h a t

bring

his master's n a m e

T H E

slave-master.

his o w n

is d i s g r a c i n g

master,

is

dead

and service

called

or

proud

Y O U

that he

fly

e v e r w a y h e w a n t s it to b e t u r n e d . I

prides

disgraceful

that

he

the mentally

H e

not k n o w

calls

cane,

where

of him b y his n o w m o c k i n g

slave-master

goes

America.

whatever slang names

They

to

IS O U R

and

T h e

his

he

u

of

own.

sawyer.

master

should

fathers

Black

from

of

H e

W O R K ,

your

Let

is

sh<

M A N

warned

accept your own, has been

steam,

proud

is

of his people, W h o

your

boards

does

B L A C K

he

the power of that G o d

the

A N D T O

do

becomes

everywhere

a

them.

M Y

or

H e

for

to

be

guided

is l e a d

and

worlds.

lead or

together

s di

two

p e r s o n w h o is p h y s i c a l l y b l i n d h a s to feels

betw<

between

A

he

never-the-1

. . . the wicked

knowledge of Allah

into

him.

H I M

what

not. H e

H e

put

desires

N O T

tell

it,

of civilization.

t

po-w

s h o w d o w n , w h i c h is c o m i n g

of

self

M E N T A L L Y

taken

D O

work

the

and

nearer

warned

B L I N D N E S S .

mean S L A V E -

go

pared with P H Y S I C A L

makes A F T E R

a

to

do

H I S

coming

on others

and

to s a v e

attacker

meaning

dead

B E I N G

anyone

and

Black

F A R D

for o n e to go

eyes

not

to

to

down

going.

IN

in this

Negroes,

cannot

Y O U

the

C A M E

fathers

is m e n t a l l y

W O R K ,

had

of

is

I F

But

respect. H e refuses because h e loves

subject

T H E

forth

O

of the knowledge

that

N E G R O

in going forth a n d

lead

been

robbery

knowledge

m a n

P E O P L E .

M A S T E R

It is a w f u l , e v e n

sees the

others.

our

N E G R O ,

service

the

S P I R I T U A L L Y

D U M B

the

it is a s s o c i a t e d

ness.

and

( G O D ) , W H O

worse the

of

T h e

whatsoever to

R

them

and

D E A D ,

ourselves.

M U H A M M A D , not

because

A

not

societies

the slave-masters

by

P E R S O N forever,

were

the

self

self.

e v e n to w r i t e it. T h e y

A L L A H

Due

of

U S

w h o m

knowledge

of

him

A N D

helpless

T H E

by

M A D E

It is P I T I F U L

W e

member

knowledge

T H E Y

our

neutral.

a

earth

of

neutral

Es

the

time show-

condition.

children

Black

after they had been successful in T h e y

robbed called

A

R A C E

put

something

P E O P L E .

T H E R E

atmosphere.

G

dition,

Messenger of Allah

the

E M A S T E R S ,

By Elijah Muhammad

such a God.

in both camps

T H E be

white

and

plan. H e has power over us and over has

of

down.

us.

d o w n will be victorious on the side of

M a n ) .

and

everything

the two Gods. His Eyes a n d Ears are e

G o d

that is not a l r e a d y k n o w n b y t h e G o d

C o m e

over

the world must see a s h o w d o w n

the

of our

Defend

1

O n e w o u l d b e silly a n d g r e a t l y t h e los to attack

(Allah)

this

H a s

ation that carries or brings

self,

and

R e s t o r e t h e e a r t h to its

and

wants

Desire

Will

B L A C K

Guidance

the G R E A T

for

agai

God,

the righteous. So these two worlds

where

does not want

responsibility

Integration

Will

Do

Black

M A H D I

the

race.

T H E

this

has trouble with B l a c k due to

desire. and

and

see

G R E A T

power

nearer

everywhere,

showdown Powerful

M A H D I .

T H E

w e l l k n o w this, b u t never-the-Iess, a s it is today,

a

cises

populat-

bearing children. Millions fall

W i s e

the

stop

w o m e n

in and

the

w o m e n a r e the target. T h e y w a n t to

their

his

himself a

with

in

desire of not

fend Such

T h e y

Our

from

under

this

color.

our

its

earth

W o r l d s

for

knife

It is the greatest

m a n

them

o w n

creation. T h e scientists of the white

t

B l a c k M a n in a position to k e e p

ourselves.

no part in

i

been building up

arsenal

doing

drugs

over-

that he does not

that he h a d

have

and

are

limi-

the

h

day, in order to kill the B l a c k M a n .

Owners

is w e l l a w a r e o f it ( t i m e ) . T h e

m a n

of

coming and that the

arms

hospitals.

W H I T E

time

lord

bility. T h e y

Nation).

T H E ted

that

W

A L L A H

S O -

( G O D )

F L Y will

T O

H I M ,

guide

k n o w

you

Him.

If

I say. F l y

to

H i m

you

to m e

as

you

and

do

do not know,

your share in the earth a n d the which such a

is r i g h t f u l l y

your

atmosfervent

There

total

atmosphere

be

Himself.

never

be

M E ,

I

say.

I

lead y o u to your G o d of Salvation. If stay

where

you

consequences.

are,

Just

you as

will

a

is

a

you

grief and excitement turn

the

gray

the

read

children's

hair

because

judgment,

baldness

come,

Allah

prophecy

with

a

blue fire.

( G o d )

sky,

has

me.

you

This

affirmed

T h e

whole

M Y

this

doing?

P E O P L E ,

Master

Sister

" A n d I

call

T H Y

due

to

Is.

pass

servant

to

C O M E

clothe

Allah

( G o d )

in

that

Eliakim

day,

the

that

son

of

mit thy g o v e r n m e n t into his h a n d ; a n d h e

shall

to

him

the

the

key

of

with

thy

inhabitants

to the house of

A n d

the

of

house

His

for

our

of

David

will

I

T H E

the

an

economy, doing

shall

shut,

and

none

in

their

place;

within

the

k n o w

of

Allah

( G o d )

W E

C A N

white

setting

Choosing us,

race

up

a

Elijah

today,

and

His

Himself

Honorable for

T H A N K

A L L A H

their

wicked

Righteous Righteous

King

M u h a m m a d .

to believe

in

the

fall of

lah, the Black

America G o d of

It

kingdom

her

for

takes

Allah

and

this

Government

T h e effort

and

His

M u h a m m a d ,

judgment

F R E E D O M ,

and

us, no

(God)

Messenger, T h e Most Honorable Elijah and

( G o d )

for C o m i n g to free us f r o m the grip of

Christian and

N E V E R

by

J U S T I C E

and

white

people

their days? ters

and

kings,

not

been

H a v e

they

countries

queens,

W h a t wanting

and

Black a

united

white

H a v e

the

people

all

not lived in their o w n

under

their

own

white

quar-

live

think

to

forced

himself? upon

us

living apart, out

ciety, is something that w e

up of

have until

the

should

M a n

lived

under

today.

Now,

white man's not think

so-

Black both and mix

Black

IS.

people from

and each

white other.

used

to

It is t h e n a t u r e o f

people

are

us

w e are better off living apart than

together and

(which

white).

W e

is are

against two

the

trying

nature

different

of

people.

strong

7,

1969

39

years

has

and

issue of

op-

wrote

dogged

black,

buy

are

United

con-

financial

will

lead

Islam

to

Nation"

States

. . ."

great

things

scriptures

invest-

totally

predicts, "Black

of ad-

black"

is b u s i l y

Muslim-owned he

be

more

mind

of

of

60:22

But

promise

w e

which to

T h e

plain G o d

the

" A

to

tell

for

you

us, the

Aboriginal

little o n e

some

blessed

Nation

shall

it i n

his

of

become

a small one a strong nation:

hasten

I

the

time." A L L

P R A I S E S

people, F O L L O W

M U H A M -

A L L A H !

R E J O I C E ,

0

I s

A

m y

M u s t ants

and

birds

white

nature and

do

or any will

Black

try

try

it w a s

up

the

the

They

with

red

ants,

color.

E v e n

with

abides

yellow,

red,

but

by the

the

law

white

to m i x

earth. A n d ,

they

population

of

did

not

want

with every have

the

to

color

nearly

earth

destroy

in

various

their

color.

d o n o t e v e n w a n t to d e s t r o y it t o d a y h u t

want

to

Now,

their

many

of

mixture

of

our

Now, by

ing

self

of

before,

to

Black

the

W h o

from

G o d

very

people.

slaves

desire

they

to

live

forced

children. nature

K n o w s makes

ourselves.

other

living under a

slavemaster's

God, be

the

into

selves, after

today,

taught

color

of

mixed

They

force

of

m a n

slave.

entire

colors.

mixing

created

White people want on

living

Everything

in which

his

not

color but their o w n

not

birds.

with their Bl a c k

living apart

can and

M A D .

about

doing?

to

will

people

W e

a

energies a

the

the

thousand, and

rulers,

presidents?

eye

nation

M u h a m m a d

in

"build

His

members

Bible

L O R D

black

Nation?

is a l l t h e e x c i t e m e n t o v e r t h e B l a c k

to

segregation w h y

united

one a

M u h a m m a d .

C A N

white ants,

Messenger of Allah a

Earth.

T O

his

extraordinarily

is i n

Black

By Elijah Muhammad not

what

Lost-Found a

with

M u h a m m a d

continental the

W H A T of

AlA N D

S e p a r a t i o n

W h y

of

day,

Honorable Elijah enough

the

notion

some

to

house."

has

building

self-sufficient

I will fasten him as a nail in a sure

his

G o d

M u h a m m a d

being

building

that

separate,

he

throne

of

March

money.

A n d

glorious

with

day.

Messenger of

"Today

on

and

father's

man,

work

spite

to the

Muslim

empire a

a

by

which

in

Muslims,

ing

shall

for

living in it a n d

America.

centrated

open. be

are day

white

marvelous

T I M E ,

lay

C O M E

eyes.

see

the

we

Messenger

is p a y i n g d i v i d e n d s . . .

shall

he

K I N G D O M

herence

none

shall

the

M U H A M M A D .

posing

Jerusalem,

so he shall open, a n d

and

sport

you.

been

Judah.

upon his shoulder; shut;

of

E V E N

22:20-23.

and

father

of our

teaches

thinking

opened

com-

and

think heads.

and

robe,

a

will

children

Bible all

T H Y

strengthen h i m with thy girdle, a n d I will be

I

the

you

T h e

stop

Hilkiah: A n d

will

If

E Q U A L I T Y ,

K I N G D O M

are

come

m y

do

upon

Hassain

M u h a m m a d !

it s h a l l

will

It

will m a k e

E L I J A H

Margary

P R A I S E S

F a r d

time. gray.

there

heavens

M U H A M M A D : A L L

turn

safety of y o u r life. T h a n k

M U H A M M A D : B y

for

a n d play a n d think over your life a n d

heavens

of flame. T h e

it,

a

surely

will b e blotted out a n d in its p l a c e will be a canopy

and

see

will

this

of the terribleness

what

be

and

reading

grievous

m a k e

and

seeing

the G o d

Holy

will

of

for

of

by

enter-

n o w

of

gray

flame

earth,

the

into

H E E D

hair

of

explosion

says such a time as w e are

terrible, a w f u l , frightful, to look u p sky

up

the

you

t h e B i b l e J e r . 5 0 : 4 6 a n d I I P e t . 3 : 1 0 . It is instead

an

of

will

suffer

reminder,

be

T h a n k

T A K E

history.

ing F O L L O W

will

m a k e

warning.

Q u r a n C O M E

that

heat.

would

f o o l i s h a c t t h a t it c o u l d

blotted out of your future

elements

to

universe,

own,

the

phere of the earth will melt with

reject

seek

k n o w . I will teach y o u to k n o w . T o

and

I

not

is

being

all of us. T h i s

teach-

us

of

us

desire,

as

never

22

ARE WE THE BLACK MUSLIMS? By

Elijah

M u h a m m a d

I T

S U R E , W E A s

white

people

Christians, O F

A R E

we

B L A C K

call

are

C O U R S E

I T

M U S L I M S !

themselves

Black

Muslims!

w e

W E

B E G I N N I N G

first

indig-

for that

is

B L A C K of

w h o

the

T H E

V E R Y

Creation

Black.

of

w e p r e f e r to b e c a l l e d . T h e r e is n o

white

scientist

of

history

gion that will dare say W H Y

S H O U L D

F E N D E D

when

Muslim?

T h e

fended

if

are

white

reli-

them

O F -

a

are

Black not

white

of-

Chris-

tians.

By

A

c

T

e

Elijah

c

u

a

M u h a m m a d

being

M Y

accused

of

teaching

are

ever

hate.

I

sorry that you have gotten so m a n y trary ers,

answers

from

s o m e of

my-

w h o are not qualified in

to a n s w e r

such

questions

not w e are teaching B Y

N O

teachings

follow-,

knowledge,

of

whether

B E

S H O U L D

T H E

of hate.

the

It does not d e n y

that

t r u t h is n o t a c c e p t e d b y a r a c e o f

people

who

nature

are

m a d e

contrary

to

a n d practice of truth. I a m that

they

the

call

me

fact that

the

not

hate

teacher,

they

were

not

truth. T h e y were m a d e just the See Bible, John

due

made

of

opposite,

I F a m

a

friend

ginning, hated

due

T h e

of

his

T I O N

and of

brother,

given

by

Bible,

loved

Jacob God's

brother's

A C C O R D I N G

the

works w h o m

T O

T H E

Esau

and

T H E

has

a

great

W H I T E

which

the

be-

other hated

hatred

was

of

and

evil

G o d

Loved.

D E S C R I P Jacob,

significance

M A N

so, that he desired

he

W H I T E

S L A V E D

our

strained Black

was

created.

hand

slave.

P E O P L E

fathers and

T h e y

power

could

beat

and

ers

hindrance

among

slave had turies.

I

our

say

of O u r G o d Master

and

of

W h o m

Praises are D u e

a

t

h

i

m a n

until

the

Fard

became

one skin.

of

truth.

a

hairy

All.

no

n the

beast

for

cen-

on

T h e

In

the

Muhammad,

T o

n

Moses

lived

due

lived

the

life

acquired

much

of

their

This

is w h y

refers

to

them

T H E Y due

the

because to

being T h e y

beasts

and

of

the

four-footed

beasts,

to these 2,000 y e a r s in the

Moses,

they

acquired

the

hills

and

beings.

w e r e r e d u c e d to the status of

H A V E

I N T H E

human

entitled,

beings,

T H E

a

H O L Y

Surah

C A V E

the

white

before IN

Q U R - A N ,

or

(Chap.

in

those

hands

Chapter 18).

This

history

2,000

years

T E S T A M E N T ,

Jesus

Moses.

T H E of

A N D

this

specific

whomever

a

qualification

would

be

I T

become

should

consider

is a

Law.

to t h e

disbelieving

T h e

them

H e

his

brothers, considered

and

the

as

their

closeness

Holy

T O

A C -

S E L F .

IS T H E

It

F I R S T

f e

people

though

they

or

be

practhey

not.

IS

T H E

Qur-an

of

Believers enemies kin.

teaches

that you will not see a Believer

This you

befriend

N A T U R E

O F

P E O P L E ,

do not like w h a t they like

or

bears

to

brother

them. Here

the

of

God's

a

Jesus

hatred

brother

who

of

even

a

is

not

a

Believer.

T H E saying the

C H R I S T I A N S

he

fact

and taught

that

B A C K

teachings love.

he

with

T H E

W H I T E

T E A C H

the

hate

theology

of

priest

blind,

the and

the blind a n d (hell).'

of

Rev.

( G O D )

Master

Praises me

the

Muslim IT

IS

D I D

Jesus

'the

N O T

the

true

classified

preacher

as

blind

being leading ditch

19:20.

W h o

F a r d

are

C a m e

in

Muhammad,

Due

forever,

knowledge

and now the Holy the

They could

they both fall in the

Bible,

A L L A H

taught

the

scripturally:

too. they

Preachers

Bible.

by out

Man.

M A N

Black

T H E

Jesus leave

which

quickly enslave the Black

U P

of

They

taught

left in the things

W h o m

regardless

B L A C K

all of civilization whether

witness

dis-

t r u t h o f it is, h e c a r e s n o t h i n g a b o u t

enemies

God.

is s e e n b e t w e e n

Person

his

M U S People.

other

was

as

B L A C K

believe as they do, hatred of each

T h e

them

Superior

L A S T .

religious

1 4 : 2 6 ) , a l t h o u g h it

sisters.

and

Unchang-

is

B E A S H A M E D

t

ticed by

in a very intelligent w a y . parents,

best

It is

a Black

O W N

disbelieving

(Luke

disbelieving

the

Earth.

t h e i r n e a r o f k i n . T h i s is c o m m o n l y

follower.

or

was

T H E

a

not given believing

of

the

the

which

A R E

O

the

N E W

demanded (hate)

race

is

is a n h o n o r a b l e color. I T

apes

monkeys.

W E

under

N a t i o n is B l a c k

N O T

M I N I S T R Y

w h i c h is t h e m o s t t r u e B o o k i n t h e of

birth

character-

istics of beasts instead of h u m a n They

lasting.

even

and

colors.

W E

Y O U R

that if y o u

and cavesides of Europe before the of

Creator

S O D O

Bible,

beasts.

N O T

It the

characteristics.

Revelator as

A R E

of

the

It

Wisdom,

s

deprived of the k n o w l e d g e of self. actually

all

His

Our very

C E P T

H

of

he

Our

poor

g

birth

life

teach-

Saviour,

o

SIS-

Black.

is t h e F a t h e r

Black.

I T IS T R U E L I M S .

forever.

i

is

of

over

T h e

until today,

Person

s

had

no help here or there

should

Coming

for w e

A N D

are

force

Black

slave-parents.

purest

the obey

the

Color as

slave

taught

His

( G O D )

of the H e a v e n s

able

anything

they

A L L A H

unre-

over

you

conditions.

Creation

E N -

an

that

It is h o n o r a b l e , d u r a b l e a n d

climatic

color.

W H O

had

B R O T H E R S

happy

It is n o t e a s y t o b e c h a n g e d

to

the slave to believe, a n s w e r to a n d

I

G o d

and

was hairy and the other of smooth This

IS

then

for in the very

loved cause

W O R L D

teaching,

to

brother

to onq

envy

T H E

hate

of G o d ,

G o d

Esau).

O F as

according

one

(Gen.,

in

sun.

them

attracted

Chapter teaches a portion of the

8:44.

T R U T H

H e

I S A Y ,

be

is t h e first color, o r i g i n a l o f m a n , i n

after

attracted

is a m a d e c o l o r a n d n o t a c r e a t e d

of C L A S S I F I E D

the white slave-master, slave-master,

T E R S ,

been

White

surprised

a

has

B U T

the

Black,

but

C O N S I D E R E D

Negro

that

color,

or

hate.

M E A N S

T E A C H I N G S

a m con-

F A C T

be white instead of his o w n nature

of

F O L L O W E R S ,

T H E

with the power of unalike.

c

Messenger of Allah A N D

by

white

without

F E E L

called

people

call

and

otherwise.

Y O U

you

you

Black

the what

or

was

IN

is

I

the

T O

American

T H E

W E R E

scholar

mocked

are.

Father,

D U E

the slave so m u c h

at

do not get

nant about being called Black what

white

S T A R T E D

from the press. B u t w e

IS

so-called

Messenger of Allah

to

MARCH 21, 1363

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

of

the

the T o has

Bible

Qur-an, translated

by

Scientists.

T H E

P E O P L E . T O

V E R Y

H A T E

W H E N

T H E Y

E A C H

O T H E R .

A R E

N A T U R E

O N E N O T

O F

A N O T H E R U N I T E D

T O

MARCH 21, 1969

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

23

Black Educator-Historian Writes:

On Understanding M r . Nixon

By Andrew G. Paschal RICHARD M. Nixon has amused me almost to the point of tears, but I have been even more amused by many people's reaction to Mr. Nixon. There can be little doubt that this man long cherished the idea of being President of the United States.

SO D E E P L Y had this desire become a part of him, that had he lost this time, as he nearly did lose, in a l l probability, his heart would have ceased to * beat. His reason for wanting to be President is, perhaps, best known to him, and people may come to realize just what his motive was as his time grows shorter in the White House.

lowers and p a t i e n t listeners, pose all the "briefing" and the they applauded him most gener- p r o m i s e of a "smooth takeously, so generously that they over," without interruptions; he did not allow him much opportu- even plainly said that he had nity to say his " n o t h i n g . " given P r e s i d e n t Johnson his " Y e s ! , " he shouted, " y o u arepromise that he would do nothgoing to have a new foreign poli- ing that Johnson did not wish cy! " The applause was deafening. done. Of course, it was natural T H E N AS A lover wooing his for many people to assume that fair lady, he said: " I won't say this promise held only for the anything at all about Viet Nam, time that Johnson remained in because I don't want to hurt the office and not for the entire four efforts being made to end theyears of the Nixon's administrawar." And there were shouts of tion. But it is fatal to assume infinite joy. This, seemingly, en- about Mr. Nixon when trying to couraged him to make a prom- understand him. Up to now can ise: " B u t I will promise you one thing be cited as a change this," he said, " i f the war is not from the Johnson administration, ended when I am elected in No- except the appointment of his cabinet? vember, I ' l l end i t . "

In fact, the short period of This is the only real promise honeymooning he made, and already he has Richard Nixon's His a i d in the White House with Lyndon Johnson was so robroken it. may well be the end to speculaOne daily newspaper has taken mantically enchanting that he tions about him.

Mr. Nixon waged a relentless Mr. Nixon to task for now pub- has assumed the Johnson Percampaign. He was playing the licly vowing to escalate the war. sonality—he talks like Johnson, asks: he walks like Johnson, laughs g a m e like a And one c o l u m n i s t "Whether a settlement is Mr. like him, lies like him, and uses man who could n o t l o s e . A s Nixon's first priority; and if it his nose like Johnson uses his o n e h a s ob-is, little is to be gained by pub- nose. All this may not speak served his cam- lic recriminations and talk of re- much for our understanding of W I N D S W E P T F I R E ignited two-block area in Sageville, l a . , Mr. Nixon. Certainly the appointpaign was well taliation." before firemen arrive to find several houses already totally planned on the But is not this exactly what ing of his cabinet was a most destroyed.

Witnesses were awestruck by speed of fire's spread, order of a Lyndon Johnson was an expert significant a c t — a n act which which one man called "baffling," and a woman described as speaks much toward our underhigh - pressure at doing? He went down "teachThe Honorable Elijah Muhammad has warned that eerie. sales campaign. ing Hanoi!" Mr. Nixon was notstanding of Mr. Nixon. At least, Allah will wreak increasing disasters upon America for the now we know that he is not a It was v e r y elected merely to wear the Johnliberal Republican, but rather an white man's sins against Black people. precise in that son's mask. old-fashioned Republican f r o m he talked "touch F O R T H E normal mind, Mr. Paschal ^ t a l k e d Nixon is not at a l l difficult to the days of the railroad mag- Money Men. This speaks much destroy the entire nation, that is, nates and the oil tycoons; he for our understanding. Would it if this is being done in the interunderstand. Was it not apparent believes in Money and Men with be advantageous for the Money est of the Big Money Men! So, smoothly, but was at the same from the very outset that he Money.

Men for Mr. Nixon to keep his Mr. Nixon is not as difficult to time, all the time, saying exactly would continue the Johnson's adpromise and stop the war in Viet understand as we once thought HIS C A B I N E T is a cabinet of Nam? He may have intended to nothing. And for his loyal fol- ministration? To what other purhe was. do so, but certainly not now. His But even if the nation is decabinet would not tolerate such stroyed, there certainly will be behavior on his part. Now heenough Big Money Men left to has surrounded himself with B I G (Continued on page 37) Money Men, and he must act like a Big Money Man or he has NEW 1 9 6 9 CATALOG no political future. Of course, it From l a r g e s t B l a c k o w n t d is simple logic to wreck or even b e a k s t a r * in A m e r i c a .

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" r e t a l i a t i o n " strikes against the Viet C o n g .

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SEE THAT STATUE? PfiSRKX HENRY WHEN

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made T h a t famous speech

L.

MARCH 21, 1969

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

24

ABOUT LIBERTY, OR DEATH /

flU.\

J

> ,jci''r<~s-Y

IVH0-?

EVER HEARD OF MUHAMMAD ASKIA f

5/"i

T H E MIGHTY KHAUP BIN WALIP, W H O S E 5 M A U - A R M V COHQUIREP 90,000 ROMANS? OH, BROTHER, M R . MUHAMMAD SAYS WE BLACK PEOPLE HAVE A HISTORY WITHOUT END.'

...OR

in

By T Y N N E T T A

Islam

DEANAR

According to Einstein's Theory stepped out into the world of of Relativity we are introduced scientific exploration. to a diacritical disposition of the Thus we must bear in mind relationship that is believed to that Western Science is based exist b e t w e e n motion, energy upon the experimentation and and matter. The relativity of all discovery of what was created matter in our universe to the life by the Black Man. We must then function greatly rewards our re- ask to be reeducated into the search as we apply this working scientific language of the Origitheory now believed to be an nators of the earth and universe.

7***1 actual operation to our physical It is at this point of a simple world. earnest inquiry that the Supreme WHAT W E as Muslim women Wisdom Teachings and its masand Black citizens of the world tery by the Honorable Elijah H E U / A S OAJ£ O F T H E wish to convey is that the forces Muhammad represent the stages GREATEST KINGS OF OUR AFRICAN ANCESTORS ...FOUNDEDof relativity as a working sci- of perfection which the Almighty THAT GREAT ISLAMIC CENTER OF ence has long been established in God, Allah, has chosen for His LEARNING, T I M B U K T U IN AFRICA! the working order and function people of Black, Asiatic ancestry. of everything in Creation.

AMERICA WAS JUST BEING DISThe scientist's tools and classiWhat the Honorable Elijah MuCOVERED BV THE WHITE MAN A T fication of substances in the hammad is teaching of Islam T H A T T / M E «v, chemical, atomic and molecular here in America today is in fulsciences is all stratified and fillment of Scripture and Revelahow about complimentary to their phase of tion. Yet the fullness of what he mansa musa, discovery in the context of West- knows and of what he will teach of the s k a t ern Civilization. However, in the in the future is awaiting the Mam l i g h t of historical perspective time and the visitation of His civilization * and acuity, we must recognize Master Fard Muhammad, God in that the West has only recently Person.

J

J M A MATORAL HISTORY BUG, MAN f A S K M E ANYTHING, I ' M RGADYl- G O AHEAD- ASK MB/

Woman

A M D OVER THERE IS DANIEL M O R G A N W H O B E A T 7H£ B R f T I S H DURING THE RBJOLDTIONAW WAR IN THE B A T T L E O F OOHPENS! j b » . 8 E T C H A DioWT P 1 KNOW.THAT!

Suicides to Replace Drug Abuse Among White Youths

SORE, ITS GOOD TO KNOW AMERICAN HISTORY, BUT MR. MUHAMMAD 5AVS WE SHOULD HAVE A KNOWLEDGE OF OURSELVES FIRST- A N D THAT GOGS WAV BEYOND THESE COTTON FIELDS '

Statistics indicate that the r a -cies plus other data, Levin said tio of suicides is more than eight s u i c i d e may well become a times greater among whites than group trend.

'BROTHER, MR. MUHAMMAD among Blacks, and recent trends He said his observations were ' IS GIVING US THE ROOT Of HISTORY indicate that the overall number based, among other things, on AND THAT* WHAT'S MAKING US of suicides is increasing rapidly. interviews with high school stuA P S Y C H I A T R Y professor pre- dents in the Chicago area. Levin, dicted recently that unless socie- associate professor of pharmacolty develops new ways of dealing ogy and phychiatry at the Chiwith alienated adolescents, sui- cago Medical School, said that cide will replace drug abuse as the student interviews were part a symptom of youthful unhappi- of a study financed by the National Mental Health Institute. ness.

FREE!

- »»>o. [ T

1968 Year End Report Shows Cost of Life Increasing WASHINGTON—Latest cost of riod. N o n e - t h e - l e s s , regional living figures show that it takes director Thomas J . McArdle said more than ever to live in the the increase, for the 21st consecUnited States while wage in- utive month, boosted the concreases and allotments for the sumer price index to a new high of 121.4. jobless are failing to keep pace.

THAT MEANS it now costs F I G U R E S ON T H E period from to December to January $12.14 for goods and services obshowed that the rising cost of tainable for $10 in 1957-59. A $10 living is a continuation of a package of goods and services in steady pattern seen throughout 1939 would cost $25.62 today.

1968, although the final period Rises in the latest index were rate was only half that of the attributed to increased grocery previous month. prices and home o w n e r s h i p Using Chicago as an example, Bureau of Labor Statistics offiHIS & HERS BARBER SHOP TONSORIAL ARTS cials announced that the Windy City saw a three-tenths of 1 per 8640 — 12th St. Detroit, Mich.

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MARCH 21, 1969

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

25

Slavery Hangs Over in Southwest

HAZARDOUS SHACKS of Block families without plumbing and some without electricity, stand directly behind large, white-owned

Georgia

homes (far right) with all modern facilities.

Scene is in town of Bronwood, Ga.

WEARY 16-YEAR-OLD GIRL, displaying countenance of utter despair, rests after day in cotton field. For 200 lbs. of cotton she picked, young girl will receive meager $4 from white owner of Southwest Georgia plantation.

BRONWODD,

Ga. — Congressional

hearings

on whether

America

have

by several poverty—and ease

called

leaders

throughout

solutions,

dilapidated

this rale,

The

of Black

dis-

among

U.S. need

investigations. on these

pages

were

of Southwest

Georgia,

of the entire

Southern

families

without

barefoot,

hungry

of less than $1,000 photographs

vividly

Albany

State

HAMMAD

SPEAKS

cer),

Secretary,

Farm

Many a

or

Black

live in electricity,

children

families

care

have in-

year. depicting

by Bobby

College,

in this area

plumbing

not the exception.

tions here were taken of

district

are typical

housing

ragged,

comes

abject

States.

Hundreds

and

out that

and the problems

and

in

mockery

of malnutrition,

the pictures

conditions

United

who point

America,

in one rural

exists

and a

death—abounds

not hearings

ALTHOUGH taken

a fraud

its byproducts

and premature

Blacks

the

or not starvation

been

Black

committee

Calloway,

and were

by Brother Bronwood,

living

David

a

sent

condistudent to MU- TYPICAL PARENTS stand with two of their

LX (Spen-

Georgia.

^Z^^li^

B l a c k

PeoPle

i s

^

f i f f t mo™

constant struggle for bare

necessities. Many families eke out meager existence on incomes of less than $ 1,000 per year.

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

26

MARCH 21, 1969

T h e r e Is N o S t a r v a t i o n i n A m e r i c a ?

H O M E F O R THIS B L A C K G a . , consists of the shell merely a shelter, without en. Elderly occupant said

B A R E F O O T C H I L D sits alone and hungry on steps of dilapidated house in Bronwood, G a . Rarely do Black children get shoes before they a r e old enough t o work in cotton fields.

Afro-American

Consultant

Speaks At Book

Store

M A N in Bronwood, of a bus, which is bathroom or kitchhe h a s spent more

The People Win in Battle Over Annexation of Park Land for Columbia University NEW YORK—Columbia univer- clearly in the open for the first ment, unknown to the Black resisity has bowed to the Black time, even though residents of dents in the area, issued a statecommunity, which encircles it, the Black community bordering ment saying "the moral of the and its Black students who have on Columbia had resisted usur- story is -that the parks do belong fought its plan to build a college pation of their park land for col- to the people, that efforts—howgym in a neighborhood park. lege use for several years. ever well intentioned—to divert The Board of Trustees of ColumColumbia o f f i c i a l s indicated them to special uses go against bia voted to accept the acting that, since " a sizeable field of the grain of New Yorkers." president Dr. Andrew W. Cor-opinion in the community" opdier's recommendation that the posed the gym, they had to rec- T H E B U I L D I N G of the gym "proposed Morningside Park gym- ommend its abandonment. It was was to take place on a steep, nasium be forgotten. acknowledged by college officials t w o - a c r e site, at West 113th that millions of dollars were Street. But the lesson is that the L A S T SPRING, massive pro- wasted in the futile effort to im- power of r e s i s t a n c e can be tests at Columbia university by pose the school's will on theheard.

Black and white students sup- community in which it exists. ported the Black community's This money was spent on paying objections to the construction of for plans, digging the foundation DR. HOWARD L. SIMS the gym. Chicago-like police bru- and other related activities.

Optometrist tality against these students reNew York City Park Commis1 2 2 3 8 DEXTER ceived national T V and press sioner August Heckscher, whose D E T R OIT. MICH. coverage and brought the issue department leased the land to 8 6 9 - 7 0 7 0 or 8 6 9 - 7 0 7 1 Columbia under a 1961 agree-

Black police organization.

He stated that it was important that "Black policemen become responsible to Black people in the community" rather than solely to the white political powTommy Mitchell, communica- er structure.

Mitchell also stated that the tions consultant for the league addressed the group of commu- League supports any organizanity residents and students on tions or programs to elevate the the aims and purposes of theBlack Community. I t is a member of SCLC's Operation Breadbasket.

The A. J . Williams Bookstore, located at 7907 S. Rhodes on ChiALBANY, N.Y.-Republican cago's south side has become a SOUTH REFRIGERATION & state legislators backed by Gov. center for Black study and discussion.

Regular Saturday eveELECTRIC APPLIANCE Nelson Rockefeller are considerSALCS AND SERVICE ing highly punitive laws to cur- ning programs feature prominent Store: 2609 Calvert, Detroit, Mich. tail the right of public employes speakers on relevant Black top883-3332 to strike for better wages and ics at 6 p.m. weekly.

Res. 25445 Brest Rd. Taylor, Mich.

Recently, the store featured working conditions. A Taylor law 869-5118 amendment under consideration the film 'Of Black America' narrated by Black actor Bill Cosby would legalize taking away the EU WILSON'S CUANEki employees' normal pay and pen- which was previously seen on Cleaning — Fretting — Repairing national television.

Community alizing them an additional day's And Alterations residents, students, parents and We Operate Our Own Plant pay for each day they strike.

MAIN STOei „ BRANCH 5TORIS all interested Black people are Legislative leaders want strict12201-12* ST. 1925 OAKLAND welcome to attend the lectures. er penalties in effect in time for TO 8 - 4 0 0 4 5010CHENE All programs are free of charge. the threatened walkout March 13 DETROIT, M I C H . by the 124,000-member Civil SerCLARK SERVICE STATION vice Employees Association.

1 2 6 0 0 E. J E F F E R S O N T H E P R E S E N T law permits Near Navahoe GIFT STAMPS ON FI11-UP fines for striking unions and jail DOUSlf STAMPS ON TUTSDA Y terms for their leaders, but levDETROIT, MICHIGAN ies no penalty against individual Under New Management BOB MOORE strikers.

FREE TOWING A spokesman for the Chicago Afro-American Patrolmen's Assn. addressed a crowd of local community residents at a regularly scheduled 'Forum' held each Saturday evening at 6 p.m.

Seek Strike Penalty For Public Employes

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MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

MARCH 21, 1969

27

Follow-Up to Kerner

Report

Says Racism Still Rules (Continued from page 15) have to do better if the warning of a year ago is not to become an epitaph," he said.

O T H E R contributing factors to the racial cleavage, the report cited were the growing movement among Blacks toward selfpride and racial identity, and the spilling over of Black city dwellers into suburban neighborhoods, thus creating friction and more Black concentration.

C O N T I N U I N G T H E BATTLE for better education in N e w York C i t y are community control leaders (from left) Charles E . Wilson, administrator of I.S. 201 Complex, Rhody M c C o y , administrator of O c e a n Hill-Brownes-

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Life

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ville schools in Brooklyn and an unidentified aide. The N e w York leaders a r e seen during a special presentation a t the Association for the Study of N e w Life and History in Harlem.

IF. Joseph Crawford Photo)

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Lessons on Natural Order af Life Can Be Learned by Careful Study of Nature

port, " I f we are ever to achieve the national goal of equal opportunity, the business community must get over its hang-up that Black and Spanish-surnamed Americans are qualified only for e n t r y - l e v e l or dead-end jobs.

Promotion is an important part of equal opportunity.''

ALSO SIGNIFICANT was the confirmation that Black women have done better than their male counterparts in white-collar jobs, with 28 per cent, as compared Not to go out-of bounds of obvious government censorship, the with 6.9 per cent for Black men. report declined to flatly acknowl- This is contrasted by 57 per cent edge that more than " a small for white women and 34 per cent minority" of Blacks were leaning for white men in white-collar toward separatism. The total re- jobs.

Spanish-speaking Americans, port however leaves one to draw conclusions which hold Black- unsurprisingly fared much better pride and separation as insepar- than Blacks in white-collar jobs, holding a 2.5 to 1 per cent edge able.

Upon the heels of the year-lat- in managerial level position. Orier report came an Equal E m - entals (Chinese or J a p a n e s e ) ployment Opportunity Commis- fared almost as well as whites in sion study, which revealed that h i g h - p a y i n g professional and two-thirds of Blacks, Spanish- technical occupations, revealing speaking Americans and Indians the delineation of culture-color are held back from jobs by out- racism in America.

These reports, coupled with the right racial discrimination, and not by lack of skills or educa- recent "hunger-poverty" reports, being kicked around in congrestion.

I n t e r e s t i n g l y , this report sional circles, paint a vivid, but squashed the commonly held no- portentious picture — a modern tion that Blacks, better educated, day "handwriting on the w a l l " — are able to advance in white for Americans. society more rapidly. The survey revealed that racial discrimination becomes worse, not better, the more educated and competitive the Black man becomes.

T H E M O R E B L A C K S succeed in getting jobs, and better education, "fewer of them can expect p r o m o t i o n s , " and "the bias against them will be stronger," the report stated.

German Birth Rate On Steady Decline

masses of concrete or brick fac- a theory or feeling of Khayyam. tories, or buildings. Their seem- She related the intensity of color I had never thought of relating ingly virgin banks, filled with with the degree of feeling or ideWIESBADEN, Germany—West nature with courses of study un- abundant vegetation, create a ology of Khayyam. We were G e r m a n y ' s birth rate, which til I was a student at the Uni- quiet, peaceful beauty which I then able to analyze the Rubaiclimbed after World War I I to versity of Khartoum, in the Re-loved and on which I often reyats by relating them to the col18.2 births annually per 1,000 topublic of the Sudan. flect. or of the roses. With the roses, ll a b i t a n t s , has been declining During the time when we were we had no real problem analyssince 1964, the Federal Statistics K H A R T O U M I S a pleasant preparing for our examinations ing the thoughts expressed by Office here reported. quiet city. It is located at the at the University of Khartoum, I Khayyam in his poems. Each Clifford L . Alexander, chairA spokesman said to 1968 there junction of the two river Niles learned my female colleagues rose had a beauty of it's own,man of the c o m m i s s i o n , re- were only 16.1 births per 1,000 (the Blue, and White). It is sun- used nature to help them re- and was different by color, but marked upon releasing the re- inhabitants. ny most of the year, and clear member and analyze the subject each was classified as a rose. blue skies are a daily occurence. matter of their courses.

The Sudanese often joke about THIS I S JUST one simple exF I V E O F US gathered in one ample of how these Muslims rethe foreigner who says "the C H I C A G O I N O N R A D I O weather today is good," for it is of our study groups analyzing lated their surroundings with the good to them all of the year or some of the Rubaiyats of Omar subject matter of their courses.

Khayyam (a Persian poet whose Their ability to relate with nathe majority of the year. poems are required reading in ture s i m p l i f i e d their courses.

Nature is something that the Muslim Sudanese observe from most English literature courses, Once I was able to do the same, c h i l d h o o d . The beautiful Blue for they were translated into Eng- it was easier for me to recall and White Niles are a peaceful lish by an Englishman). and remember the same at the s i g h t . Their banks for long One of my female colleagues times of my examinations. stretches look as if no man has brought three roses (red, pink, The Honorable Elijah Muhamever walked or touched them. and white) to our group. To (Continued on page 30) They are not marked by large each of these roses she gave us

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28

MARCH 21, 1969

T h e Black Theatre: T h r o e s of Struggle

By J O E W A L K E R Muhammad Speaks New York Editor N E W Y O R K — Barbara Ann Teer is an actress (soon to be seen with Ossie Davis in "The Slaves" movie) and a director (of the off-Broadway musical, "The Believers"). She is a person who has found and knows her Black roots. She is a direct person who speaks her mind f o r c e f u l l y and honestly. Hear what she has to .say: " W e - a r e a people who were c a p t u r e d and brought to a strange land. We were stripped of our language, robbed of our names and our family ties. We were left completely naked psychologically. Our bodies were clothed, but our minds were filled with negative, hateful and demeaning images of ourselves by those who had everything to gain by suppressing the truthful images."

To cleanse the Black mind of its white-injected poison and to fill it with positive, loving and strong images of the Afro-American, Miss Teer and a group of other Blacks have formed the National Black Theatre. Though presently Harlem-based, it aims to become USA-wide and provide a theater that is run by and for Black people.

Black cultural art forms exists in every Black community in the country but it is the Black artists who have failed to put it on display. "Where Black people are there is Black life style," said the E a s t St. Louis, Illinoisborn Black woman. "And there is nothing like, or equal to the Black life style," she said.

The more a Black actor gets involved in the middle-class field of Broadway theater, with its glamor and name-in-lights glitter, the more he loses his blackness. "Blackness is something you have to live everyday: eat it, sleep it, drink it and pray i t , " asserted Miss Teer. She also swiped at Black writers who address themselves to white people and ignore their own.

Miss Teer teaches a drama class at the East Wind in East Harlem. " I f you want to be like yourself, you have to be where other people like you are. When you're downtown it is another thing altogether, then its show business, commercialism and art for art's sake. Uptown when you

walk out the door you immediately see a character you want to recreate, and besides it is home where you don't have to be on your guard all the time."

The class was originally established to serve p r o f e s s i o n a l Black actors who got sick of Broadway and had no alternative. Miss Teer soon found that too many were not sick of it yet and she began to work with whomever was interested. There are 45 Afro-Americans enrolled in the class, although a lot more wanted to join. They call themselves "liberators" instead of "actors." Miss Teer explained why: "What is theater and acting all about? Most people think in terms of show business but theater to Black people must serve some kind of need and not just be art for art's sake or beauty for beauty's sake. We have been trying to get rid of all the terminology that m a k e 6 us sterile, inhibited, cold and uninvolved. The world 'actor' itself causes a person to be overlyself-conscious and to be performing, instead of really living and being involved in the thing. So vye call ourselves 'liberators' instead of 'actors' because what we are ultimately trying to do is to liberate the psyche of ourselves and our people. Acting is a one-dimensional word but what we hope to be is more meaningful and deeper."

Barbara Ann has taught acting for over six years but it was not until she worked with teenagers in the Group Theatre Workshop, which evolved into the training program for the Negro Ensemble Company, that she realized that a new Black art form was needed. " I saw that the techniques that I had learned in white institutions, because that was all that existed then, were not servicing the needs of my students because they couldn't relate to them."

Elaborating

further,

she re-

N E W Y O R K A C T R E S S Barbara Ann Teer, soon to be seen in a film with eminent actor Ossie Davis, gestures dramatically as she answers question posed by M U H A M M A D vealed that she discovered that what we need is not so much freedom but discipline. " I n white institutions theater courses teach you how to be free. However, Afro-Americans are basically uninhibited, emotional people. Tap the right button and you get the emotion quite easily."

She didn't know it at the time but what Miss Teer hit on was a new art form — doing what your life style dictated or what comes naturally. She guides her liberators in a spiritual way, leaning heavily on Eastern philosophies for direction. Sitting in on one of her classes, MUHAMMAD S P E A K S saw he students being themselves, recreating a slice from their life experiences and not putting on.

Miss Teer feeds powerful political and social messages into the minds of her Black liberators. " I n the time we live anyone who is Black must have some kind of political orientation," she insists.

"There is no room for entertainment that does nothing but waste time. Black people are oppressed people and in a war for our freedom and liberation. That is political right here. All Black

(F. Joseph Crawford photos)

erything I try to do has got to be towards opening my people's minds so that we see what a trick bag~we are in in this coun"Everybody is talking about try," declared Miss Teer. white racism," Miss Teer contin"The United States is obviousued, "but Black people really ly splitting at the seams so why suffer from gross individualism. should Black Americans want to We are too 'me-me, I - I orientat- continue to perpetuate the same ed.' It doesn't work for us and value system?" asked the beautiwe must re-appropriate our val- ful and firey actress-director. ues. We must begin to think "We are very spiritual people c o l l e c t i v e l y as a people and with a spiritual tradition living unite. To me that is what Black in a very anti-spiritual country, Power means the most," she that is also machine-like, against said. nature and e v e r y t h i n g that people, whether you be an artist or secretary or what-have-you, should be struggling for their liberation.

When Miss Teer and her liberators do a play or anything else, it is an attempt to raise the level of Black awareness and consciousness. By that very nature it must have a political or social message or overtone. " E v -

makes you healthy, and constructive."

wholesome

She urges her class, and feels it is a need for all Blacks, to adopt a code of ethics. She op(Cotitinued on page 30)

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MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

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29

H a s g —

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Pens Ode To Messenger O f Allah

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THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH

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Once there was a man.

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He came to this land

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With nothing but his bare hands And raised up among us decent

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And wonderful men, women and,

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Children, known as the

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Nation of Islam, That became mighty and strong

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And with no bad or wrong, But with a lovely song—Islam; And with Allah, You can't go wrong.

B R O T H E R CONROY W. X RANSOM FIRST G R A D U A T E S of Muhammad Washington, D . C . UniJ H P PY-3 STATION L versity of Islam No. 4 are seen at graduation ceremonies.

WASHINGTON, D.C. From left (top photograph), they are Sister Donna 3X, ele-

Advises:

By Brother Leroy X (Kid) Thompson Tamal, Calif.

Islam, as taught by the Honorable Elijah Muhammad, has inspired and enabled me to rise from the cramped confines of my self-made coffin and has freed my mind and body of the parasites that were sucking the life from me.

Do Own Natural Thing; Accept formed an animal into a man—a black man who, for the first time, feels love and security, who is obligated to his people and now has the desire to help the Messenger in any way possible to gain freedom, justice and equality for the Black people in America.

Before accepting Islam, my mind was constantly in turmoil I S L A M HAS put meaning into and confusion. I was forever my life and given me a goal to frustrated.

I was a black, raving beast work t o w a r d s . It has trans-

with no idea of morality or respect. I partook of every indecency and filth the devil produced; crime and vice were a way of life for me.

I B E G A N , like so many other unfortunate brothers, by becoming a member of a gang, whose pleasures were to prey upon our weaker brothers like vultures, whose recreation was to stay "high," beat, rob, steal and kill people.

The gang was used as a step-

Key To Black Progress, Power Lies In Hands Of Hon. Elijah Muhammad

By Brother Theodore 4X Marshall Muhammad's Mosque No. 25 Since becoming a follower of the Honorable Elijah Muhammad, I have been blessed to receive the most beneficial education a Black man could desire.

It is a shame to see so many so-called American Negroes bypassing Muhammad's Mosque, in order to enter one of the devil's colleges or universities, with the mistaken belief that the answer to all their misfortunes can be brought to a complete halt once they earned one of the white man's worthless, counterfeit degrees. Millions of dollars are thrown down the drain yearly by a people whom the Messenger of Allah describes as being deaf, dumb and blind to the knowledge of self.

T H E E D U C A T I O N of which I speak reminds me of the old saying that dynamite comes in small packages. Yes, the Honorable Elijah Muhammad is definitely a small package, but he is

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mentary class valedictorian; A l i X, La Tanya X, Deborah 3 X , Juanita X, college preparatory class valedictorian, A l i c e X, Paulette X, Chonita X and Edwina X .

al institution is going to offer such valuable independent knowledge to us. From Head-Start to Foot-Finish, we are constantly made c o m p l e t e fools by the A m e r i c a n educational system.

Never are we taught when, how and why we should think for self.

I am more than happy to give thanks and praise to Allah—who came in the person of Master Fard Muhammad—for blessing me and others to waste no time in accepting the Honorable E l i jah Muhammad as our Leader and Teacher.

I want the world to know, especially the so-called American Negroes, that the magic key to the source of power is none other than Allah's Greatest and I T IS T I M E we realize that no Last Messenger, the Honorable white scholar or white education- Elijah Muhammad. also the most powerful dynamite to ever explode before the human eye.

From this great, mighty, precious and timely explosion, I have been able to understand the real value in owning and controlling my mind. F o r it is through the possession of a Black mind that I find myself exercising s e l f - c o n t r o l . This means that white outside negative suggestions are shut out at will.

The Honorable Elijah Muhammad teaches us that we should think 1,000 per cent Black at all times, and under such Divine wisdom, we, as his followers, become fully aware of the fact that self-control is solely T h o u g h t Control.

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Islam, Be Yourself

ping stone to advance in the dev- they were striving to be like the il's world of vice and crime. Most Honorable Elijah MuhamThat soon led me to jail, a place mad. well known to me.

I AM F O R E V E R thanking AlO N E DAY, while serving a lah for blessing me to meet five-year to life sentence, I met those three devoted brothers, for three followers of the Honorable now I too strive to be like the Elijah Muhammad. They took greatest Black man on the planme in, began to tell me things I et earth—the Honorable Elijah knew were r i g h t — b u t , just Muhammad. wouldn't see them—and began My advice to all Black people, making things plain to me. who have not as yet accepted Under their guidance, I began their own true way of life (Isto see life through a new pair of lam,) is to do so in a hurry. eyes. For the first time in my Come on brothers and sisters, life, I was understanding people, DO Y O U R THING - your OWN life and the world.

NATURAL thing, so we, as a These three Muslim brothers whole, can do our own thing that so impressed me with their high will get us freedom, justice and moral s t a n d a r d s and respect, equality, as well as some of this that I wanted to emulate them. earth to call our own. Accept That was when they told me Islam and be yourself.

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MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

30

MARCH 21, 1969

The Struggle to Develop Black Theatre (Continued from page 28)

in a revolutionary, pre-revolutionary or armed state but long past a civil rights or militant state," declared Barbara Ann. She said that the responsibility of the Black artist today is to serve as "the visionary or guide of the race," to project new realities and to point towards the future.

ines that Black people trust and treat each other badly. Her advice: "Don't be done in but get a spiritual philosophy to reinforce and replenish yourself . . .

Competition is a sick western value that kills you. You are so busy competing that you don't enjoy anything you do. You are She laments that as much as not in competition with anyone three quarters of the race rebut yourself." main neutral and waste away She tells her liberators that their lives. They also don't do they go through three .steps of their homework. "This is most d e v e l o p m e n t from a Negro certainly an anti-intellectual soAmerican, to a Black militant, to ciety. That's a slogan but it is a Black revolutionary. "We are true. I've always been a reader

On l i (Continued from page 27) mad teaches us to look to nature to understand our surroundings and the teachings of Islam.

The Holy Qur-an asks us repeatedly "Who is it that brings the dead earth to life?" It also asks us repeatedly "Who is it that brings a cloud, then causes it to rain, then causes the vegetation to grow, and sustain life?"

Water (rain) nourishes the earth making the seemingly dry, dead land bring forth v e g e t a t i o n (food) and thus sustain life.

T H E HONORABLE Elijah Muhammad has taught us that water is symbolic of knowledge.

The Black Man who is not aware of himself (his being and capabilities) is like a dead man who has no life. When the Black man receives the knowledge (water) of himself he then becomes alive and is able to produce, to make, to create and thus develop wisdom, which is one of the pursuits of every Muslim.

Allah is He Who has made the water to fall to nourish the land, teaches the H o n o r a b l e Elijah Muhammad. And this is also stated in the Holy Qur-an. Allah is the Supreme Being Who has control over all things. It is He who has given to us a fountain of water from which to drink to sustain our life, i.e., the Honorable Elijah M u h a m m a d with abundant knowledge who gives it freely to all who desire, that they may learn about themselves and thus produce, create and develop.

The Honorable Elijah Muham-

mad has also pointed out to us many things in nature that we may better understand life. He has pointed out to us the fact that there are many kinds of insects, fowl and animals. But, each stay with their own kind.

There are red, black and brown ants. But, each ant separates itself in groups of its own kind: T H E R E D ANT stays only with red ants: The black ant only with black ants. He also points out to us that Black birds stay with their own, red birds with their own, blue with their own. Look to this, he teaches us, for a lesson to man, "to each his own:" Black man with Black man, white man with white man, red man with red man, etc.

Observing nature is the habit of every M u s l i m , for it is through this observance that we learn better our surroundings and ourselves, and can better understand the patterns of life which exist on this planet earth and in the universe. All praises are due to Allah, Who came in the Person of Master Fard Muhammad for the Honorable E l i jah Muhammad, Who is teaching us to look to nature for an understanding.

Earthquake Hits A MAJOR earthquake followed by a series of severe aftershocks recently hit New Guinea on two consecutive days.

and had a thirst for knowledge.

When I first came to New York I remember an adult saying, 'There is that little girl who always has a book in her hand.'

She didn' like me because I read. Yet you cannot be free until you know the facts. How can you get the shackles off if you don't know what is going on? Knowledge is power! If you aren't knowledgable you might just as well forget it. That is why I insist that my class read, read, read."

Black people tend to take on the worst traits of white people and one of the worst is, "you aren't dug if you are intelligent." So that splits you or alienates you. We have got to get rid of all that rot, urges Miss Teer.

Miss Teer hopes that her liberators will form a cadre to train other Black people in the Black National Theatre. The operational costs of the theatre were beared solely by the liberatorstudents at first who pay $4 each per class but have since been boosted by funds from the Episcopal Church and Columbia University. " I ' m not ready to turn down any money," says Barbara Ann Teer. 'I've learned that all money is white anyway and you might as well take it, if it doesn't compromise you."

Ten liberators from the Black National Theatre class will participate soon in a program called "Harlem Renaissance," directed

by Miss Teer, on C B S - T V ' s "Black Heritage" series.

"The concept of integration speaks directly to the problem of blackness in a c o n t e m p t i b l e way," said Barbara Ann Teer.

"As a goal, it is based on complete acceptance of the fact that, in order to have a decent job, Black actors must play those narrow one-dimensional roles so m a g n a n i m o u s l y assigned to them. And Black audiences must watch those actors playing those roles â&#x20AC;&#x201D; if they want to participate in any enjoyment of the mass media. These images reinforce, among both Black and white, the idea that white is automatically better; Black is, by definition, inferior. This condition is got to be changed," she more than says but challenges.

W A N T E D : r r r r t d Tm T H E A T R E "i

"ISLAM AND BLACK A R T "

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W. E. B. DuBois (Continued from page 18) comes clear this is not enough," he said. "The power structure of this society is not prepared to give up enough of its profits to the problems of city living for whites or Blacks."

There has been a move by some whites in Gary to try to disaffiliate a large section of the city because they don't like what is going down at city hall. While they were able to stomach the jailings of former mayors for municipal corruption, they can't take a Black mayor, even if he is honest, sincere and hard-working. Hatcher indicates that the disaffiliation attempt won't solve any problems for these white people, except perhaps their hurt racial pride. " T H E LOCAL P O L I T I C A L leader, Black or white, can only do very limited things," reports H a t c h e r . "They can't really stove the problems faced by the American city until the entire power structure is in someway forced to yield up to the people what the people need and what the people deserve."

Supporting the demands of students for a say about institutions where they spend years of their lives, Hatcher pointed out that " e d u c a t i o n ranks far behind spending for super-weapons of destruction" and "drafting young men for war is more important than letting them continue their studies beyond a bachelor degree

Honored

so that they can apply their knowledge to the elimination of human suffering."

The Black mayor of Gary, Indiana supports Black Power in all forms in which it will help Black America define itself. He sees hope in students who are no longer willing to accept a dehumanized status quo and urges them to carry their militancy from the campuses into the communities. "The drive for Black Power is essential and no longer debatable," exclaimed Richard G. Hatcher.

P E R F O R M I N G D U R I N G the dramatic arts evening were actors Ossie Davis, Julian Mayfield, Vinnie Burrows, Harold Scott, John Randolph and Sarah C u n n i n g h a m who delivered a script on Dr. Du Bois and education.

Judi Dearing danced and the String Octet from the Symphony of the New World rendered several classical selections. Actress Ruby Dee was mistress of cerea l o n i e s and F R E E D O M W A Y S Associate Editor John Henrik Clarke welcomed the audience who came to honor the conclusion of the Du Bois Centennial Year.

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MARCH 21, 1969

31

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

U.S. Venereal Disease Rate Called 'National Epidemic' ATLANTA—The soaring veneral disease rate in America has reached the proportions of a "national epidemic," according to Frank McFall, southeastern regional director of the American Social Health Association.

A S U R V E Y conducted by the association found that Atlanta leads the nation's major cities in its veneral disease rate, with one case for every 23 residents.

Next in line is San Francisco, with one case for every 27 persons, followed by Washington, one for 29; Chicago, one for 36; Detroit, one for 39; Cleveland, one for 41, and Jacksonville, one for 41.

Venereal disease is concentrated in urban areas, McFall said.

'Where you find the activity, this is where you find VD. There is more promiscuity in cities," he explained.

Atlanta's rate is 5% t i m e s higher for gonorrhea and infectious syphilis than the national rate.

I N ATLANTA, the report estimates 4,314 cases per 100,000 population as compared with 765 cases per 100,000 nationally.

taken last year with the backing of such groups as the American Medical A s s o c i a t i o n . Private physicians were queried about the number of V D cases they treated in a three-month period The figures were then projected on an annual basis.

In Atlanta, 65.6 per cent of private physicians answered the survey, McFall said. VD was found not to be confined to any one racial or economic group.

Because the survey was confi dential, McFall feels it is the most accurate V D report to date Traditionally, most p r i v a t e doctors do not report all VD cases to public health officials because of the confidential physician - patient relationship. T h e ASHA survey is thought to be accurate since physicians could give statistics and not reveal patient's names.

Earlier surveys had shown the i n a d e q u a c y of VD reporting, MEDICAL SELF-HELP program is conducted McFall said.

" I T WAS L I K E an iceberg," he added, "the reports were just an indication of the great mass The survey, financed by the of the disease below the surU.S. Public Health Service, was face."

in small town of Togblekope, Togo, where villagers will receive examinations, medication if needed, and hear briefings on malaria p r e v e n t i o n , and overall medical care.

Throughout Africa giant strides are being

U.S. Birth Rate Hits Record Low

Indian Women Less Likely To Have Uterine Cancer?

A L B U Q U E R Q U E , N.M.—Indian women evidently are less susceptible to u t e r i n e cancer than women of other nationalities, a study at the University of New Mexico has revealed. " O U R T E S T I N G of more than 10,000 Indian women shows that, in fact, their cervical cancer rate . . . is about half that of the non-Indian patients tested," said Dr. Scott Jordan, assistant professor in the pathology department of the university.

Jordan said the reason possibly

made toward overcoming colonialism's legacy of medical deprivation. Above, Martin Lawson(L), chief of anti-malaria team, discusses program with Kpodo-Dra III, Village chief.

WASHINGTON—The U.S. birth rate continued its 11-year decline to a record low, despite the fact that the number of marriages rose to a near-record high last year, according to the Public could be that Indian women ap- Health Service. parently have a period of adolescent sterility which delays early childbearing. He noted that women who have their first child very early in life often develop uterine cancer.

More than 10,000 Indian women have been tested since the program began July 1, 1966. They comprise about 56 per cent of all women tested. The tests were conducted by doctors at 60 different locations, including 15 on the Arizona portion of the huge Navajo reservation.

The service's National Center for Health Statistics said U.S. births during 1968 totaled 3,470,000. At the same time; the birth rate dropped to a record 17.4 per 1,000 persons from the 1957 peak of 25.3.

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The center reported that the 2,059,000 marriages in 1968 represented a rate of 10.3 per 1,000 persons, the highest rate since 1951 and an eight per cent increase over 1967.

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MARCH 21, 1969

Scientists Say Burying Dead Passe; Science Needs Bodies WASHINGTON — Placing the remains of deceased loved ones in a casket and putting the body into the ground, to return to dust " i s a very negative sort of thing, a waste of time, costly to one's survivors, and passe," according to doctors in the nation's medical schools.

TO T H E M a positive, useful contribution can be made by having the cadaver donated to science, so that anatomical studies might be made. Such would be a great contribution "to education and to one's fellow man."

A s s i s t a n c e is being sought from the federal, state and local governments through legislation that will encourage people to bequeath their bodies to science.

"We should have uniform legislation, either on the national or state level," said Dr. Melvin Mohn, University of Kansas anatomical d e p a r t m e n t . "There should be a national agreement regarding bequeathal."

cannot be willed. But if you go to the hierarchy, they'll agree there is a provision for it within the Catholic religion."

Willing of bodies carries no reimbursement, except in cases where a person has a very rare condition and his body is highly essential to a research project.

Expose Bias in Medical Training

B A L T I M O R E — While m o s t white medical schools "would deny a discriminatory policy . . . it seems reasonably clear that institutions continue to reflect a long history of discrimination," says Dr. Alfred Haynes, associate professor at Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, and Victor H. Dates, special programs director for Johns Hopkins University, in a report of a four-year study which was published in a recent edition of the Journal of Medical EducaA N O T H E R ADVOCATE of the tion. bequeathal plan, Dr. I r a Telford, c h a i r m a n , George Washington SOME FINDINGS of the Black university's anatomy department, authors were: said he knew of no religious op• Johns H o p k i n s Medical position to the practice of be- school enrolled only one Afroqueathing one's corpse to a re- American and one African stusearch i n s t i t u t i o n or medical dent, during the four-year period. school.

• University of M a r y l a n d ' s " I have no indication that any medical school had 13 Blacks, or church group is opposed to i t , " he said. "The laity of the Catho- two per cent of the institution's lic church, I think, has an erro- total enrollment during the years neous i m p r e s s i o n that bodies surveyed.

BLACK LEADERS of Chicago-based Coalition For United Community Action Against Consumer Injustice at a mass meeting devoted to attack on the selling of bad meat, are from Left to Right: the Rev. Roy Neal of The Gar-

field Organization, the Rev. Mrs. Willie Barrow of Operation Breadbasket, the Rev. C . T. Vivian, Coordinator of the Coalition, and the Rev. Jesse L Jackson, National Director of Operation Breadbasket.

Shopkeepers Demonstrate in France PARIS—Small shopkeepers in France are staging nationwide strikes and demonstrating collectively against high taxation and big corporation efforts to establish monopolies of the type seen in U.S. chain operations.

U N D E R T H E DOG eat dog Western economic system, more and more small shopkeepers are being crowded out of business by monopolists who operate at a higher volume and can buy and sell at lower prices with govern-

ment-sponsored tax advantages.

In France, the shopkeepers are saying, the government has acted openly in the interest of big business through the adoption of a series of policies favoring big business.

Many small shops have gone into bankruptcy, causing shopowners to howl in protest. The shopowners in Paris and various other French cities have gone on strike and staged continued demonstrations.

I N L I L L E , all small shops

closed down in protest of the government policies. The same held true in Calais and Dunkirk, also in northern France. At Lorient, Nantes and Vannes in western France, thousands of small shopkeepers a n d sympathizers held protest demonstrations.

W i n d o w s of big department stores became the targets of the shopkeepers' wrath as b r i c k s were hurled through displays.

Approximately 4,000 shopkeepers in Bordeaux held similar protests in southern France.

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MARCH 21, 1969

13

Black Artist from Boston Describes Revolutionary Art

W h i t e s H i s

B u r n ,

S l a s h ,

W h i t e w a s h

P a i n t i n g s — _

B y John Woodford

someone would miss you if you when these 'Perils' take over. I all died tomorrow. The way hope I ' m alive to see it. But if BOSTON—"Keep your people you've been going, if you allI'm not, my kids will see i t . " off our backs," the powerfully died tomorrow it would be a Chandler then turned to the built Black revolutionary artist world holiday—THE D A Y T H EAfro-Americans in the audience advised hippies and other varieWHITE P L A G U E DIED. —the students who had arranged ties of Euro-Americans who had "Nobody would miss you. We for his lecture and for the discome to hear him speak at Boswouldn't miss you. The Chinese play of his revolutionary art in ton College: " Y o u know, or you wouldn't miss you either. the student center. should know, that if Black peo" Y o u raped Africa. You raped ple advance, your people will ad"You've got to realize that vance. Because our thing is hu- Asia. You r a p e d India. You there is a battle on for your raped the Americas.

All you manistic. Your thing is materialminds," he told them. gave us was syphilis and coloniism."

"And when you leave M s alism. school, the war win really DANA C H A N D L E R , 27, the " S O M E O F Y O U want to wipe young father of four, gave some out the Yellow Peril. But it's not get hot. The war is against sterner advice to the same group so easy because he's got the the survival of Blackness in you—the s u r v i v a l of your of people at this large, Catholic- Black Peril with him, the Brown love for your people and establishment school: Peril with him and the Red Peril "Drop the Almighty Dollar as with him—three-fourths of the your culture. your God. Start living so that world. It's going to be beautiful "Whatever you do after you leave here, don't use what you learn from the white man to advance the white man. Apply what you learn—whatever it i s — to the advancement of the poor- BLACK ARTIST Dana Chandler, 27, gives a talk at Boston est of your people. And above College. Many of the paintings of the young father of four all, DO NOT GO INTO T H E U.S. have been destroyed by racists who could not bear the A R M E D S E R V I C E . In the army, images before them. Behind him is a painting called "LeRoi your enemy will be making you Jones'House Arrest." Artist says by showing condition of risk your life to kill your own certain individuals he can show condition of all Afro-Ameribrothers. Your fight is here." cans.

(Photo: John Woodford)

Chandler is a man who practices what he preaches. Although sculpturing wood is his first artistic love, he devotes almost all his talent and time to making pictures designed to inspire the most o p p r e s s e d Black inen, women and children.

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One sign of Chandler's success as a revolutionary artist is the hatred and violence his paintings inspire in racists. Time after time, in colleges, high schools and other places where he has shown his work, racists have slashed his paintings with razor blades, painted over them with whitewash, stolen them or otherwise defaced or destroyed them.

Chandler returned home after his lecture and discussed Black (Continued on page 34) For the best deals in name brand furniture, appliances and housewares be sure to shop at

If Block American athletes hod been performing as members cf o single nation, w« would ha\* wn more medals thon any other nation except Russiaand IMiite America. Wfe would hove ranked third m international standing If in our present condition we would ronk third surety united as on independent notion we will be first.

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He suggests developing economic security by intensifying African cooperativism.

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He began by saying that he R U F F L E D PLASTIC DOILIES 2 PC. Sample set S3.00. Curtis Specialty Sales hoped his comments would not P.O. Box 24076 Chicago. III. 60624 sound as if he was jiving but YOUR OWN MAILORDER BUSINESS Color catalogs, Mailing Lists, Complete that he considered MUHAMMAD Starter Pack - $1.00. Villarosa Buyers. S P E A K S illustrator, Brother E u Box 29003 Hollywood, California 90029. gene Majied, as "the best revoMORE THAN 1,000 ITEMS FREE JUST lutionary artist and the best pofor knowing where to write $5$ worth of free samples. Books. Maps. Pictures, litical cartoonist that we Black Posters, Stomps, Gifts, Foreign Coins, etc. Send $1.00 for complete list. W.R. people have — which is the Dist P.O. Box 5293 Sacramento, Calif. same as saying he's Ihe best in 95817. the nation: THE HOTTEST NEW SENSATION OF OUR TIMES. It's the ultra Mod Wrist Watch Radio. The sound is loud and clear ana it reaches out and brings in those hard " B R O T H E R M A J I E D is absoto get stations. Special introductory offer lutely terrific. A book of his i l only $15.95 with an unconditional money s ,,s back guarantee if not completely £ " tied Worldwide Imports 8 Grand Pine lustrations should be put out. It Road Levittown, Pa. 19053. would be an instant best seller.

But more important, it would BUSINESS O P P O R T U N I T Y provide a practical example of HELP TO SMALL IMPORT BUSINESSES. A Confidential List of 100 Finaneers who applied political cartoon theory. will finance your imports. We ore the There should also be a traveling only company in the U S. to expose this secret. Send only $7.95 to Continental show of his works. F e w men Imports Exoorts Dept. 2, 9710 S. Wall St., have his ability to convey dyLos Angeles, Calif. 90003. namic ideas so clearly with symATTENTION SALES PEOPLE Ealby Company wants agents in oil bols." parts of the country. See ad in this paper.

Chandler said that the true Black artist i g n o r e s the "TIRED OF WORKING FOR THE MAN?" Cash in on the fastest growing Block in"New York art gallery disdustry across the country today. "Start your own import business — Afro-Shop, e a s e " and paints what pleases Black Botique or mail order business.

Send for our "Directory of African Exand gives powerful inspiporters," listing nearly 200 African exration to "girls who work In porters, customs regulations, and how to import. Send $5.00 check or money order to: JAD Morketinq Research, P.O. Box kitchens, cab drivers and l a 8626, Washington, D.C. 20011. Become borers." your own bossl I With this audience in mind the LADIES SPECIALTY STORE FOR RENT. Black artist is a combination of Beautiful fixtures for sale or lease. Occupied 20 years by fine ladies shop. Ideal "historian, reporter and prophlocation. An opportunity for couple to run profitably. Location 7940 S. Ashland. Call et." As a historian, the artist 447-7200 for information. Chicago. III. leaves records of "what AfroJEEPS $60.00 . . . . TYPEWRITERS $4.00 Americans ate, what they wore, Boots, guns, cars—all at a fraction of their costl These are typical Govern- what happened to their leaders ment Surplus bargains. "How to Make Money on Government Surplus" tells how and so forth, to future generaand where to buy it in your area. How tions," Chandler said. He menMail Order fortunes were made on surplus! Hew to buy for your own use— tioned painting subjects drawn or for resale. Complete Directory of Surplus Depots included with Mail Order from the past as a secondary case histories! Booklet only $1.00. ManorPickford Co., Dept. GS-1001, 2747 Schaefer. historical role of the artist.

Detroit, Michigan 48217 As a reporter, the artist should HOW TO MAKE MONEY IN MAIL ORDER develop a style depicting the IMPORTS. Fabulous new method of starting your own Mail Order business from dignity, intelligence and beauty home. You don't invest one cent in of Black p e o p l e ; " h e must merchandise. U.S. Government will help you! How to cet free ads in national sharpen the s e l f - i m a g e and magazines' Includes Directory of dropship import mail order items. Booklet heighten love of Black people for only $1.00. Monor-Pickford Co.. Dept. MO2000 . 2747 Schaefer, Detroit, Michigan each other."

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" B a t I also love to show Black people in day-to-day situations — I especially love to show Black Women in their pregnancy. We need a s many Black people a s we can get. A so-called illegitimate person may be our g r e a t e s t leader. (Besides that, not having kids, be-

i n

B o s t o n

cause of these pills and everything, is ruining m a n y young Black women physically and psychologically.")

Chandler is just a "part-time painter" now. With his family of six he has to "get other gigs and keep them as long as I c a n . " F o r this reasons, he said, " I have to concentrate on getting

KITCHEN REVOLUTIONARY is a painting expressing Chandler's respect for Black women. Chandler also likes to paint pregnant Black women. He says, "We need as many

as much self-respect, beauty and power in my images as I c a n . " He has also learned to work with a m a z i n g speed. He explained that he doesn't worry about "white-manipulated standards of quality or esthetics" for these standards are "geared for

(Continued on page 37)

Black people as we can get; these birth control devices are ruining many young Black women—psychologically and physically."

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" Y o u also try to show where we are individually—like showing LeRoi Jones in jail—and this shows where we Black people are as a group.

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MARCH 21, 1969

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

15

Jail G u a r d s D e m a n d Inmate Rehabilitation

By Joe Walker NEW YORK—Black correction officers in this city's penal institutions have united to press for meaningful programs in prisons to genuinely rehabilitate prisoners, to discourage brothers and s i s t e r s in Black communities from taking the first step on the road to crime and punishment and to promote our proud heritage inside and outside of jail through projects of education, culture and social action.

give our people the defense and security they deserve."

Obtaining financial assistance from City College of New York and Columbia University, SOAACO last year conducted programs to nourish pride in the Black heritage so that Black youth could be inspired to emulate the giants of Afro-American culture past and present. Further programs are slated for this year. They have enlisted the support of many citizens of the Harlem community as advisors and T H E S O C I E T Y of AfTo-Ameri- co-participants in SOAACO procan Correction Officers, 405 West grams.

148th St., Harlem, strongly beSMITH A G R E E S that crime is lieves in respect for self. "The Black correction officers, even if a national problem and that he doesn't want to respect self there is an increasing amount of and kind, should righteously per- robberies, muggings, burglaries, form his duties as a civil serv- rapes and homicides occuring in ant and work for the benefit of the Black community, committed the people," declared SOAACO by Black people against Black President John Smith in an ex- victims. Such conditions recently clusive interview with MUHAM- prompted the New York branch of the NAACP to denounce the MAD S P E A K S .

He accused a m i n o r i t y of high crime rate in Harlem and correction officers of allowing to petition the state legislature themselves to be used as tools of to enact new and more stringent fear and despair in order to im- penalties for law breakers. Smith press "the m a n . " This spectacle and the Society of Afro-American has reflected badly on all Black Correction Officers concur that correction officers and to right crime in Harlem must be rethis wrong is one of SOAACO's duced and eventually eliminated but doubts that the paths outParamount aims.

"We understand fully who the lined by the NAACP would lead enemy is and the grip that he to that desired goal. has on our people," said Smith, "but we shall not retreat from our firm stand against those socalled brothers and sisters who would rob, beat upon, rape and kill their own. We shall strive to

G

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SOCIETY O F AFRO-AMERICAN Correction Officers leaders are seen after meeting on problems of modern penology and racist at-

breaker in all aspects of his servitude and from our observation, more and longer periods of in" I t is our duty to be the cusc a r c e r a t i o n will not reduce todians of the accused while they crime." are a w a i t i n g trial and later Upwards of 70 percent of the while they are doing time," said prisoners in New York City instiSmith, "thus we see the law tutions are Black and Puerto R i -

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rate, as they would quickly be replaced by others enmeshed in the same web," stated Smith.

"Instead, it would only place more members of m i n o r i t y "Longer and more stringent punishments for these p e o p l e groups behind bars for longer (Continued on page 36) would not reduce the high crime

Y

S U P E R

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titudes in the nation's jails. President John Smith is seen seated second from right.

can. Almost half are drug addicts who commit crimes in an effort to support their habits.

Many began using "stuff" as early as 10 years of age.

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MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

36

MARCH 21, 1969

African Paper Publishes Black American's Poems In Swahili A Tanzanian newspaper recently published the poetry of a Black American which was composed in Swahili, the national language of Tanzania. The February 1st issue of Mfanya Kazi, the journal of NUTA (National Union of Tanganyika Workers) carried the poem, Wimbo Mauti (Death Song), which was written by a Maryland student of African history and languages, Solomon Landers.

face, and desiring to know more about u s . " TURNING momentarily to a related matter, he r e f l e c t e d : "Right now, there is a great debate going on over teaching African languages in the D.C. high schools. I'm all for the idea.

They definitely are not ignorant mumbo-jumbo, but are well-constructed, highly expressive, and complex enough to provide mental stimulation and challenge.

Since the D.C. school population is more than 90% Black, I certainly believe languages such as Arabic, Swahili, Yoruba or HauSTANDING-ROOM-ONLY crowd packed sa should be available so that p u b l i c s c h o o l a u d i t o r i u m in W a s h i n g t o n r e Black students can get more c e n t l y t o hear D i c k G r e g o r y s p e a k after he k n o w l e d g e of their rich and beautiful Black heritage."

L A N D E R S , a young AfroAmerican of 26 years, expressed both surprise and delight over the poem's publication. " I subscribed to MFANYA K A Z I to assist myself in learning Swahili," lie explained, "and I submitted the poem to them as an example of my progress; I am happy that they felt it merited publication.

The poem is about the life of Black Americans, which is like a tragic 'death song.' It was inspired by the d e v a s t a t i o n I viewed in (Washington) D.C. afMOSCOW—Soviet p l a n s for ter the assassination of Dr. Marnine new schools in Asia and tin Luther King."

Africa were announced here reBeyond the mere publishing of cently by the Ministry of Higher poetry, however, Landers points Education.

Russia Plans Schools For Asia and Africa

up the ripe prospects for a deepening of understanding between Africans and Afro-Americans. " I wrote in Swahili because I wanted to speak to my Tanzanian brothers in their own national language. As a result, several Tanzanians, some of whom are Muslims, have written me as a gesture of friendship, expressing great concern over the racial discrimination Black Americans

T H E NEW educational facilities will be added to 31 institutions already under construction in several countries.

The Russians are apparently trying to step into gaps left by the Americans who seem more intent on building profit-making business than educational institutions which will eventually make the peoples of these under-developed nations self-sufficient.

VISIT MUHAMMAD'S MOSQUE 2236 ATLANTIC BLVD. LONG BEACH, CALIFORNIA WED. & FRI. 8:00 P.M. SUN. 2:00 P.M.

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(Continued from page 35) periods of time and into institutions that qffer little or no programs to prepare them to reenter society. " T H E S O C I E T Y of Afro-American Correction Officers is not composed of sob sisters or bleeding hearts who wish to make excuses for those who commit crime. Some of our members are among the strictest disciplinarians, but we must face facts. The plea by the NAACP is another r e q u e s t by members of the Black community for the white

victims of a systematized plot to conceal any traces of their accomplishments." One of the major methods used to prevent the progress of the Afro-American was the relegation of the AfroAmerican man to a secondary role, charged Smith.

community to solve our problems. It says in essence, 'White folks, we are not like them and we want you to get rid of them for us.' Most of the Black community has repudiated this approach. They have learned that the problems of the Black community must be solved by the Black community," Smith said.

"The value of the Blhck man to the home was minimized and the Black woman was promoted to the titular head of the family.

This began during slavery when the most important 'Negro male' on the plantation was the stud."

Smith also takes note of what he calls, " a social revolution in progress throughout the nation."

He finds it especially active in t h e Afro-American community "which appear to havae been the

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MARCH 21, 1969

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

Black Educator On Mr. Nixon

37

nrjV

(Continued from page 23) buy the next election, for Mr. Nixon! Election to what? Now, come, be nice, be logical. Isn't A m e r i c a Money, and Money America. We may have Money w i t h o u t America, but never America without Money. Such simple logic. The first and last lesson of wisdom. So, now we may easily understand Mr. Nixon's "Black capitalism," which is nothing more or less than the Black mechanism of his political machine for re-election in 1972!

IN T H E L I G H T of all this, what may the American people expect of Mr. Nixon? Surely, they may not expect him to behave as a great president would behave. A great president is one who acts humanly some time, at least one time. So, America has had three, possibly four great presidents. Most candidates, all of them, are quite human in behavior before they are elected.

They play with little babies, kiss them, and even change their diapers if given the time.- But once he is elected president, baby sentiments become a sign of weakness; and the President may aptly manifest his executive power by ordering HIS bombers to kill babies. A great President may act humanly and stop a war in which babies, children, women and old men are being slaughtered. Just O N E such act would entitle him to be called a great President. Mr. Nixon will hardly qualify for the honor.

He is the strong president who wants always to bargain from a p o s i t i o n of strength, which means that the other side must always bargain from a position of weakness. Thus, Mr. Nixon wants to extract an "honorable peace" from a dishonorable war, leaving the other side a shameful peace from what to them is a just war. Simple, when we understand that Mr. N i x o n is SIMPLE! "A doug moor PRODUCTION

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His Art to Inspire Housewife-Soldiers (Continued from page 34)

instructive and creative power "WHAT COULD be more imthat Black art "should be made portant to a Black child," Chanjet-set clientele who just want available to all of our people," dler asks, "than to see images something different to spend a Chandler said. of Black beauty, power and herolot of money on to out-do their friends."

That is why Chandler and oth- ism in his own home day after The Black standard, Chandler er revolutionary Black artists in day" said, involves getting a grass- the Boston area and across the roots audience excited enough to nation are painting giant murals FABRICS!! make an artist's prophecy a on buildings in Black neighborreality: hoods. And soon, C h a n d l e r TINA'S TEXTILES " T h a t ' s why I show a hopes, Black artists will be able 5255 SO. MAIN ST. Black woman sitting in her to distribute posters on a mass Los Angeles, Calif. 90037 kitchen thinking about how basis and even begin to produce 234-6143 to deal with the racist pigs revolutionary plastic sculptures. with her household items.

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38

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

American

MARCH 21, 1969

Neo-Colonialism

(Continued from page 11)

island is a 16 ft. by 9 ft. shelter is, and has been throughout Barmade of Canadian wood, which bados history, its Black people— problems still exist — especially is pretty soft for the tropics, and who pine to leave the island for because of a go-slow policy of houses five to ten people as. a a chance of a better future the government in developing derule. somewhere else. Straughn recalls cent housing for all. "The slums in Barbados, maybe, are not as The mortality rate in Barbados delivering a talk to a senior fobad as elsewhere in the hemi- used to be one of the highest in rum six years ago on the social sphere but slums a n y w h e r e the world. It has been improved development of Barbadians. He should not be," he said. by 50 per cent. Still, Straughn asked his youthful audience if maintains that health services they felt like citizens of Barba "Some people in Barbados who and facilities leave plenty of dos. don't live in slums," he continroom for improvement and ex- A chorus of " n o ' s " was deafued, close their eyes to it and ening. Most talked about learn pansion. would never dream of mentioning skills and leaving the couning or discussing it with outsidtry.

Recently, he returned to the ers." A common house on the ONE O F T H E biggest exports same school and found the contemporary students awakened to the need to stay home and fight for the kind of Black society and g o v e r n m e n t which should be ACCRA, Ghana—Pressed gov- west of this capital city. theirs.

T H E W O R K E R S W E R E or ernment officials have ordered The Black Star, publication of 6,000 striking miners to resume dered to return to their jobs work at Obuasi, 100 miles north- within 48 hours. Due to the vola- the People's Progressive Movetile nature of the military gov ment, in which Straughn is vitalernment, it was felt that most ly involved, seeks to convince workers would quickly comply more Barbadians to fight for and shape the self-determination that with the regime's order.

Workers are protesting inhu- will create the productive and man working and living condi- prosperous society they want.

Ghana CIA-Stooges

in Stew

Ray Trial A Farce

RETIRED SHARECROPPER said he had worked white-owned land more than 55 years before illness forced him to quit. The 70-year-old cripple, wearing ragged tennis shoes and clothes "Ol' Boss" had discarded, said he has no income and is forced to exist on handouts.

A b u s e s

In U . S . J a i l s

R e v e a l e d

tions, low wages, poor equip"More than 100,000 youngsters He hanged himself in the county (Continued from page 5 ) ment, safety hazards and other are kept in jails or jail-like facil- jail of Breckenridge, Minnesota, Q u o t a C u t b a c k s ities each year throughout the warrant and the F B I ' s later ef- grievances. last Nov. 27th. forts to whitewash the conspira- Living c o n d i t i o n s in Ghana nation," the executive director of " I t should have been recogI n R h o d e s i a cy evidence? have steadily worsened since AfMinnesota's Correctional Service nized that 41 days in jail, usually rican nationalist Why did Justice Dept. head This capital of white suprema- revealed to the Senate Juvenile P r e s i d e n t cy, at Salisbury, Rhodesia, is Delinquency subcommittee last in virtual isolation from other Ramsey Clark begin to push the human beings might drive even K w a m e Nkru- sued a statement claiming that week. single-assassin theory as early an average adult to take his own mah was ma-the cause for cutbacks on import as three days after the murder?

The investigators s u r v e y i n g life. I n this case, involving an neuvered out of quotas, last year was linked to Considering the above facts— maltreatment of juvenile prisonpower while on the "wide-spread effects for last which are only a portion of the ers, heard executive director Al- emotionally disturbed child, the a visit to China. year's drought and frost." evidence—why did Ray's lawyer lan C. Hubanks cite two in-result proved to be inevitable. say that he could find no facts When the detention becomes soliHowever, the Ministry of Com stances of suicides, in prison.

GHANIANS which gave weight to the astary confinement, it is close to merce and industry did not adOne of these y o u t h s , Dane REACHING sumption that there was a conmit the national shortage of cur- White, a 13-year old Indian, was being the crudest punishment A m e r i c a n spiracy? rency had anything to do with held in solitary confinement for imaginable. Too cruel for Dane shores often reAlthough it is true that no statthe economic sanctions against 41 days, while he awaited trail. White," Hubanks said.

Nknmtah p o r t that the ute of limitations prevents the Rhodesia s u p p o r t e d by the people want Nkrumah back and King murder case from being United Nations. reopened, it is also true that the would revolt if it were not for , The g o v e r n m e n t statement legal record manufactured in the fear of the military rulers. claimed that requests for some Many African observers say . Ray case can only serve to help .5 million in imports for conany person or persons who areGhana is becoming the strongest s t r u c t i o n projects would be police state in Black Africa, indicted in the future. bowing only to the white su- turned down. Also - others items premacy governments in Rhode- have been removed from the list WHAT T H E R A Y case proves sia, South Africa, Southwest Afri- of " e s s e n t i a l imports." Local is that whoever is behind the KOSHER MEATS manufactured items have been murder of the man who wasca, M o z a m b i q u e , Angola and substituted, a spokeman said.

ORGANIC FRUITS and VEGETABLES uniting the exploited poor city Guinea Bissau. and farm workers of this counORDERS TO GO HOURS 11 A.M. TO 10 P.M. try is powerful enough to manipSis. I z o l a R e s t a u r a n t ' ulate the whole proceedings. Men SPECIALIZING IN 20 Years Experience in the top levels of the 'U.S. BAR B Q LAMB RIBS Call AD 3-3780 ar 778-0521 CARROT CAKES Government are the only ones BRO. J. P. X JACKSON (KOSHER FOODS) who have, or who are agents 241'/j W. 46th ST. 6626 BANCROFT AVENUE for, this kind of power.

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MUHAMMAD SPEAKS ON RADIO

VISIT MUHAMMAD'S MOSQUi 330S Sacramento Boulevard SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA

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WED.

1

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*^NJ

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MUHAMMAD SPEAKS (West Coast Business Section)

LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA

BUSINESS CARDS BY MAIL COLORS, WHITE CARDS WITH BLACK OR BLUE LETTERS WHITE CARDS WITH RED AND BLACK LETTERS WHITE CARDS WITH RED AND BLUE LETTERS WHITE CARDS WITH ALL RED LETTERING (Sampla Cord) I Fill In Your Copy)

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par lOOO par 1000 par 1000 par 1000

CALL:

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IN LOS ANGELES ( M O N . THRU FRI.) 10:00 P.M. SUN. 7:30 A . M .

IN LOS ANGELES, CALIF.

In Los Angeles area

ALSO: a STATEMENTS a ENVELOPES a LETTERHEADS a INVOICES a CIRCULARS Pleose send me 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 business cords os indicoled obove.

Pleose moke check or money order poyoble lo Tha Kay. Note, odd 25c for posloge and handling.

West

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DAILY

CALL:

292-0160 292-0196

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L.A., C a l i f o r n i a

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Section

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Black!

MARCH 21, 1969

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

39

Biafra Equals Euro-$-Lust

'Biafra' Leaders Sacrifice People For Oil Profits

( C o n t i n u e d f r o m p a g e 13) of state—Ed.) and his officers do their utmost to impose a strict military code on their troops.

There is no record of similar instructions from Col. Ojukwu.

The degree of truth in the average Ibo propaganda may be gauged from the fact that its radio announced to the world that the Catholic cathedral at Calabar had been razed to the ground by the marauding Federalists.

That cathedral was, in fact, my first sight of Calabar, dominating the skyline, quite untouched.

Bombing by the Federalist of hospitals and schools is another commonplace "Biafr a n " propaganda. I visited two of each, w h e r e Col. Ojukwu had quartered his men and thus wantonly made them military targets, though they had in fact escaped destruction.

Biafran forces who had invaded the western Region and captured the town of Benin." After the Ibo opportunists allied themselves more closely with enemies of Africa, it was conveniently forgotten that "Biafra" attacked first in insane confidence that Nigeria would fall into the hands of Black traitors.

NIGERIAN SOLDIERS were photographed defending this school and church in Ore—160 miles west of "Biafra"—in the first week of August, 1967. At this time, the Western news media had not developed the false picture of Ibos as the victims of Nigeria. The Associated Press caption for this picture said the Nigerians were waiting for "secessionist

em —

to to to to to to v£ to to to to to to to

•

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MOSQUE NO. 1

11529 U N W O O D AVE. DETROIT 6. Mich.

WED. 5 FRI. 8 P.M. SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 2 5335 S. Greenwood Ave. Chicago 53, III. WED. & FRI. 8 P.M. SUN. 2 P.M.

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2507 N. 3RD ST. MILWAUKEE. W I S .

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101 E. University Ave. WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.

Cincinnati, O .

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to

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102 W . 116th ST. Rl 9-7569 WED. & FRI. 8 P.M. SUN. 2 P.M.

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to

MOSQUE NO. 7-C (Brooklyn)N.Y.

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to

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r

V m t jlufmmmafr'S J l o ^ q u t * of

514 W I L S O N ST. BALTIMORE, MD. WED. & FRI. 8 P.M. SUN. 2 P.M.

to

. . . There is no doubt that the influx of French arms is a reality.

It is prolonging the agony of a g a l l a n t people. There are French concerns with high financial stakes in the natural wealth of the south-eastern states. Bank loans amounting to millions are awaiting redemption, at cost to human lives.

MOSQUE NO. 24

MOSQUE NO. 11

35 INTERVALE ST. WED.

ROXBURY. MASS.

* FRI. 8 P.M. SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 12

3754 Gerntantown Ave. Philadelphia, Pa. BA 8-0623 WED. & FRI. 8 P . M — S U N . 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 12B

1517 South St; WED.

Philadelphia, Pa. Kl 5-8994 & FRI. 8 P . M — S U N . 2 P.M.

* MOSQUE NO. 13

111 O A K ST. SPRINGFIELD, MASS. WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 14

40 ALBANY AVE. HARTFORD. C O N N .

WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 15

1225 Bankhead Hwy. Atlanta, G a .

WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 17

210-12 S. Chicago St. FRI.

Joliet, III.

Phone: 726-2365 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 18

12416 SUPERIOR AVE. PO 1-8373 CLEVELAND 6. O H I O WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 19

120 Madison St. ( C o r . Bedford Ave. ST 3-8635 SUN. 2 P.M.—WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.

1517 W . 5th St. Dayton, Ohio Phone: 222-3935 Area Code 513 WED. I FRI. 8 P . M — S U N . 2 P.M.

878 PROSPECT AVE. (Near 161st ST.) P H O N E 323-9490 WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

1102 Broadway Camden, N.J. Phone: 966-2830 WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

2575 Imperial Ave. San Diego, Calif.

Phone: 239-6738 WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

89 KEARNEY AVE. JERSEY CITY, N.J. 435-6845 & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M. WED.

MOSQUE NO. 7-D (BRONX) N.Y.

MOSQUE NO. 8

MOSQUE NO. 9

249 E. FEDERAL ST. Y O U N G S T O W N , O .

Biurs. 8 p.m.

MOSQUE NO. 10

419 Madison Ave. Atlantic City, N.J. Phone: 340-4849 WED. * FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 20

MOSQUE NO. 21

2116 NORTH AVE. R I C H M O N D , VA. 644-1432 WED. 6 FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

1201 N. Davidson St. Charlotte, N.C. Phone: 334-3201 A r e a Cede 704 WED. 6 FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

257 S. O R A N G E ST. NEWARK, N.J. 622-9021 WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

359 W . Bartges Akron. Ohio Phone: 376-3197 WED. * FRI. 8 P . M — S U N . 2 P.M.

1745 FILLMORE ST. SAN F R A N C I S C O Fl 6-9966 WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

2217 Waverly St. Columbia. S . C .

Phone: 779-3792 Area Code 803 WED. 6 FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

5606 S. Broadway Los Angeles 37, Col. WED. 6 FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

1329 " B " St. Fresno, Calif.

Phone: 266-3598 WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 25

MOSQUE NO. 26 MOSQUE NO. 27 MOSQUE NO. 28

1434 N. Grand Blvd.

St. Louis, Me. Phone: J E 3-2497 WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 29

5245 N.W. 7th Ave. Miami, F l a .

Phone: 757-8741 Area C a d e 502 WED. t FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 30 3206 E. 27th ST. Phone: 924-5683

KANSAS CITY. MO. A r e a Code 816

MOSQUE NO. 31

South Bend. Ind. 431 S, Dundee Area C e d e 219 Phone: 288-1090 FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 32

121 NORTH 16th ST. PHOENIX, ARIZ. 253-0315 WED. 6 FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 33

1221 W A S H I N G T O N ST. GARY, IND. 883-7025 WED. 6 FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 34

MOSQUE NO. 22

1102 S. Roxboro St. Durham, N.C. Phone: 682-3125 Area C a d e 919 WED. i FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO 23

Wilmington, Del. 236 N. Monroe St. WED. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

Pittsburgh, P a .

1027 N. Lang Ave. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M. WED. 512 Broadway Buffalo, N.Y. 2 P.M. WED. & FRI. 8 P.M. SUN.

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MOSQUE NO. 35

For A d d r e s s e s

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MOSQUE NO. 37

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MOSQUE NO. 38

MOSQUE NO. 39

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MOSQUE NO. 40

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MOSQUE NO. 41

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111 Goffe St. New Haven. Conn.

WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M. 1425 SEAVIEW AVE. Bridgeport, Conn.

WED. 6 FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 42

to to

2234-36 Atlantic Ave. Long Beach. Calif.

WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 43

1675 Oak St. Columbus. Ohio y * / Phone: 224-7913 Area C e d e 614 TUES. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M. to

MOSQUE NO. 44

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191 Humboldt St. Trenton. N . J .

Phone: 392-9117 A r e a C e d e 713 toi WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 45

3400 POLK AVE. HOUSTON. TEX Phone: C A 3-0952 A r e a Code 713 WED. 6 FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 46

to to:

2632 Magnolia St. New Orleans, L a . to Phone: 895-6731 Area Code 504 WED. & FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M. to

MOSQUE NO. 47

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& FRI. 8 P.M.—SUN. 2 P.M.

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2108 MAIN ST.

M o s q u e s in Y o u r

WED.

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MARCH 21, 1969

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S

40

The

M e s s e n g e r of A l l a h Presents

H\)t jHualtm Program Wat

tfje j f c r t t m s W a n t

T h i s is the question a s k e d most frequently by both the whites and the b l a c k s . T h e a n s w e r s to this question I s h a l l state a s s i m p l y as possible.

1. We w a n t freedom. We w a n t a full and complete freedom.

2. We want j u s t i c e . E q u a l j u s t i c e under the l a w . We want j u s t i c e applied equally to all, r e g a r d l e s s of c r e e d or c l a s s or color.

3. We want equality of opportunity. We want e q u a l m e m b e r s h i p in society with the best in c i v i l i z e d society.

4. We w a n t our people in A m e r i c a whose parents or g r a n d p a r e n t s w e r e d e s c e n d a n t s from s l a v e s , to be allowed to e s t a b l i s h a s e p a r a t e state or t e r r i t o r y of their o w n — e i t h e r on this continent or e l s e w h e r e . We believe that our f o r m e r s l a v e m a s t e r s a r e obligated to provide s u c h land and that the a r e a m u s t be fertile and m i n e r a l l y r i c h . We believe that our former s l a v e m a s t e r s a r e obligated to m a i n tain a n d supply our needs in this s e p a r a t e territory for the next 2 0 to 2 5 y e a r s — u n t i l we a r e able to produce and supply our own needs.

Since w e cannot get along with t h e m i n peace a n dequality, after giving t h e m 400 years o four sweat and blood and receiving in return s o m e o f t h ew o r s t t r e a t m e n t h u m a n beings have ever experienced, w e believe our c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o t h i s l a n d a n dt h e s u f f e r i n g forced upon u s b y white America, justifies our demand f o r complete separation i n a state o r territory o f our o w n .

5. W e w a n t f r e e d o m f o r a l l B e l i e v e r s o f Islam now held i nfederal prisons. W e w a n t freedom f o rall black m e n and w o m e n now u n d e r d e a t h sentence i ni n n u m e r a b l e p r i s o n s in the N o r t h a s w e l l a s the S o u t h .

W e want every black m a n and w o m a n t o have t h e freedom t o accept o r reject being s e p a r a t e d f r o m t h es l a v e m a s t e r ' s c h i l d r e n a n d e s t a b l i s h a l a n d df t h e i r o w n .

We know that the above plan for the s o l u tion of the b l a c k and white conflict is the best and only a n s w e r to the problem between two people.

M M

6 W e want a n immediate end t o the p o lice b r u t a l i t y a n d m o b a t t a c k s against the socalled N e g r o throughout the United States.

W e believe that the Federal government should intercede t o see that black m e n and w o m e n tried in white courts receive justice i n accordance with t h e laws o f t h e land—or allow u sto build a new nation f o r ourselves, dedicated t ojustice, freedom and liberty.

7. A s l o n g a s w e a r e n o t a l l o w e d t o e s tablish a state o r territory o f our own, w e d e m a n d not only equal justice under the laws of the United States, but equal employment opportunities—NOW! W e d o n o t believe t h a t after 400 y e a r s o f free o r n e a r l y free labor, sweat and blood, which has helped America become rich and powerful, that so m a n y thousands o f black people should have t o subsist o n relief, chari t y o r l i v e i np o o r h o u s e s .

8. W e w a n t t h e g o v e r n m e n t o f t h e U n i t e d States t o exempt our people f r o m A L L taxation a s long a s w e are deprived o f equal justice under the laws o f the land.

9. W e w a n t e q u a l e d u c a t i o n — b u t s e p a r a t e schools u p t o 16 f o rb o y s a n d 18 f o r girls o n the condition that the girls be sent t o w o m en's colleges a n duniversities. W e w a n t a l l black children educated, taught and trained by their o w n teachers.

Under such schooling system w e believe w e will m a k e a better n a t i o n o f people.

The United States government should provide, free, all necessary text books and equipment, schools a n d college buildings. T h e M u s l i m teachers shall b e left free t o teach and train their people i nthe w a y o f righteousness, decency and self respect.

10. W e b e l i e v e t h a t i n t e r m a r r i a g e o r r a c e m i x i n g should b eprohibited. W ew a n t the religion o f I s l a m taught without hinderance o r suppression.

These a r esome o f t h ethings that w e , the Muslims, want f o rour people i n North America.

the Jflusfltms $eltebe

1. W E B E L I E V E in the One G o d Whose proper N a m e is A l l a h .

2. W E B E L I E V E in the Holy Q u r - a n and in the S c r i p t u r e s of a l l the P r o p h e t s of God. 3. W E B E L I E V E in the truth of the B i b l e , but we believe that it h a s been t a m p e r e d with and m u s t be r e i n t e r p r e t e d so that m a n k i n d will not be s n a r e d by the falsehoods that h a v e been added to i t .

4. W E B E L I E V E i n A l l a h ' s P r o p h e t s a n d the Scriptures they brought t o the people.

5. W E B E L I E V E i n t h e r e s u r r e c t i o n o f the dead—not in physical resurrection—but in m e n t a l resurrection. W e believe that the s o called Negroes a r emost i n need o f m e n t a l resurrection; therefore, they will be resur rected first.

F u r t h e r m o r e , w e believe w e are the people o f God's choice, a s i t has been w r i t t e n , that God would choose the rejected and the despised. W e c a nfind n o o t h e r persons fitting this description i n these last days m o r e than t h e so-called Negroes i n America. W e believe i nthe resurrection o f the righteous.

6. W E B E L I E V E i n t h e j u d g e m e n t ; w e believe this first judgement will take place a s God revealed, i nA m e r i c a . . .

7. W E B E L I E V E t h i s i s t h e t i m e i n h i s tory f o r t h e separation o f the so-called N e groes and the so-called white Americans. W e believe t h e black m a n should b e freed i n n a m e a s w e l l a sin fact. B ythis w c m e a n that he should be freed f r o m the n a m e s imposed upon h i m b y h i s former slave masters.

N a m e s which identified h i m a s t being t h e slave master's slave. W e believe that i f w e are free indeed, w e should g o in our o w n people's n a m e s — t h e black peoples o f the e a r t h .

Elijah Muhammad

8. W E B E L I E V E i n j u s t i c e f o r a l l , w h e t h er i nGod o r not; w e believe a s others, that w e a r ed u eequal justice a s h u m a n beings.

W e believe i n equality—as a nation — o f equals. W e d o not believe that w e are equal with our slave masters in the status o f "freed slaves."

We recognize a n d r e s p e c t A m e r i c a n c i t i zens a s i n d e p e n d e n t peoples a n d w e r e s p e c t their l a w s w h i c h govern this nation.

9. W E B E L I E V E that the offer of i n t e g r a tion is h y p o c r i t i c a l a n d is m a d e by those who a r e t r y i n g to d e c e i v e the b l a c k peoples into believing that their 400-year-old open e n e m i e s of freedom, j u s t i c e a n d equality a r e , all of a sudden, their " f r i e n d s . " F u r t h e r m o r e , we believe that s u c h deception i s i n tended to prevent b l a c k people from r e a l i z i n g that the time in history h a s a r r i v e d for the s e p a r a t i o n from the whites of this nation.

If their called Ameri

t h e white people a r e truthful about professed friendship toward t h e soNegro, they can prove i t b ydividing u p c a with their slaves.

W e d o not believe that A m e r i c a will ever be able t o f u r n i s h e n o u g h j o b s f o r h e r o w n millions o f unemployed, i n addition t o jobs for t h e 20,000,000 b l a c k p e o p l e a s w e l l .

10. W E B E L I E V E t h a t w e w h o declared ourselves tobe righteous Muslims, should not participate in w a r s w h i c h take the lives o fh u mans. W e d o not believe this nation should force u s t o t a k e p a r t i n s u c h w a r s , f o rw e have nothing t o gain f r o m i t unless America agrees to give u s t h e necessary territory wherein w e m a y have something t ofight for.

11. W E B E L I E V E o u r w o m e n s h o u l d b e respected and protected a sthe w o m e n o f other n a t i o n a l i t i e s a r erespected a n d p r o t e c t e d .

12. W E B E L I E V E that A l l a h ( G o d ) a p p e a r e d in the P e r s o n of M a s t e r W. F a r d M u h a m m a d , J u l y , 1930; the l o n g - a w a i t e d " M e s s i a h " of the C h r i s t i a n s a n d the " M a h d i " of the M u s l i m s .

We believe further and l a s t l y that A l l a h is God and besides H I M there is no G o d a n d He will bring about a u n i v e r s a l g o v e r n m e n t of p e a c e w h e r e i n we a l l c a n live in p e a c e together.