Muhammad we must unite 1 1 1965

Dedicated to Freedom, Justice and Equality for the so-called Negro.

The Earth Belongs to Allah

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VOL. 4—8

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WE M U S T UNITE! Regardless o f D i s l i k e o f Ourselves Africans: No Back Down on Congo!

The True Solution

By Elijah Muhammad W I L L C i v i l Rights solve the so-called Negroes' problem? By no means will it or anything else except Allah solve our problem. Civil Rights, according to the English dictionary, m e a n s the equal rights of a human being on a level with any other human being. These rights are limited here in America. First and foremost, the so-called Negro needs human rights, which will warrant his recognition as a human being by his slave masters. This also gives him u n i v e r s a l rights; the same equal rights as any other human being.

W I L L the s o - c a l l e d Negro enjoy the equal rights that the American white citizens enjoy? Or, will he continue to wait patiently for Civil Rights to come within 100 years from now? I am con(Continued

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By Charles P. Howard, Sr. (MS)

The Honorable Elijah Muhammad

UN and Foreign Correspondent

UNITED NATIONS, N.Y., Dec. 12—African representatives took the floor to denounce the United States, Belgium, and the United Kingdom, in the bitterest terms the powers have ever heard.

The Security Council had been called at the request of 22 member delegations, 19 of whom were African members. The African countries were Algeria, Burundi, Central African Federation, Congo (Brazzaville), Dahomey, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali. Mauritania, Somalia, the Sudan, Tanzania, U g a n d a , the United Arab Republic and Zambia.

An explanatory memorandum said that military operations undertaken by Belgium, and the United States, (Continued

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T h e Hired Killers i n T h e Congo (See Page 5) *

JANUARY 1, 1965

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

2

Africans Fight Back To Free The Congo (Continued from page 1) with the concurrence of the United Kingdom, wherein, on the 24th of November, 400 Belgian paratroopers were dropped on Stanleyville, allegedly to "rescue hostages, constituted an intervention in African affairs, a flagrant violation of the United Nations Charter, and a threat to the peace and security of the African continent. It said that a meeting of the Council was necessary to insure that such violation of the Charter would not recur.

The memorandum further stated that the Organization of African Unity had established an ad hoc committee to try, among other things, to bring about national reconciliation in the Congo.

This committee had held a number of talks with the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and with the authorities in Stanleyville. All interested parties, and especially the Governments of the United States and Belgium, had been informed of all developments, the memorandum stated.

"Nevertheless," the memorandum stated, "in complete defiance of Article 52 of the United Nations Charter and as a deliberate affront to the authority of the Organization of African Unity, the Governments of Belgium and the United States, with the concurrence of the United Kingdom Government, launched military operations in Stanleyville and in other parts of the Congo."

Article 52 is headed "Regional Arrangements" and states, in part, that every effort should be made to achieve pacific settlement of local disputes by regional arrangements before referring them to the Security Council.)

Among the hard-hitting remarks critical of the so-called "rescue mission" were the following excerpts: Foreign Minister CharlesDavid Ganao of the Congo (Brazzaville): "The humanitarian operaMUHAMMAD SPEAKS Published Bi-Weekly VoL 4—No. 8

Jan. 1, 1965

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tion that was referred to in fact is nothing but a pretext, because it was organized, on the one hand, by people who still cannot rid themselves of a certain nostalgia at having been obliged, by the march of history, to leave the African Continent; and, on the other h a n d , by persons whose appetites increase, and who make ever more numerous attempts to substitute themselves, in Africa as elsewhere, for the former occupying colonialist powers. " . . . In the name of what humanity are we addressed when, in a claim to save the life of an insignificant number of whites, tens of thousands of blacks are massacred — innocent blacks at that; blacks completely ignorant of all political calculations; blacks whose only crime is to have been born in a country whose natural resources have become notorious.

"When we were young, we learned that in music one white was worth two blacks.

The famous humanitarian operation of Stanleyville has now proved to us that a white, especially if his name is 'Carlson,' or if he is an American, a Belgian or an Englishman, is worth thousands upon thousands of blacks. Thus, in the name of humanity, the most ruthless and the most scandalous aggression of our era has just been committed . . .

"How could the security Council fail to condemn most emphatically practices of the kind that we have witnessed, which are as inhuman as they are immoral? How could the Security Council fail thus to condemn, once and for all, the nefarious action undertaken by a category of whites and designed to

THE RIGHTEOUS indignation against the Congo invasion by U.S. and Belgian forces expressed by black Africans, may have the most far-reaching repercussions on world afexterminate the black inhabitants? . . . " Foreign Minister Kajo Botsio of Ghana: "The government of the United States has, I believe, explained its part in the military intervention by asserting that its conduct was lawful in view of the fact that it was invited by the legal government of Mr. Tshombe to engage in the acts that have resulted inj;he wanton destruction of thousands of Congolese and other lives.

"Quite apart from the question of the legality of Mr. Tshombe's government, which under the constitution of the Democratic Republic of the Congo could only exist for one month, subject to the approval of Parliament, one does not have to look far to find a parallel example in which the legal government of another state voluntarily sought military assistance from another state. My delegation recalls most vividly the vehemence with which that small state was opposed by the government of the United States . . . I need not add that I am referring to the Cuban incident . . .

"When did the Belgians hear of the word 'humanitarian'? After almost a cen-

Index to Features Congo Crisis The Messenger Abdul Naeem Editorial Egypt's Army Women in Court Sam Cooke Book Review African poetry Dope Addiction Mae Mallory

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2 3 4 9 11 12 13 15 18 19 21

fairs. Outspoken criticism came from most black delegates including (left) Mr. CharlesDavid Ganao of the Congo (Brazzaville) as well as Dr. Kajo Batsio of Ghana (right).

tury of abject cruelty com- tion was expressed by the somitted against the Congo- called civilized governments lese, after years of the most and countries which today inhuman a n d gruesome denounce what they call rebwickedness, the Belgians el atrocities. now talk about humanitarian "At that time, humanitarrescue. To the Belgians, I say, let sleeping dogs lie ! ian reasons were foreign to One may ask: does humani- them. Was it because the ty apply to the white race thousands of Congolese citi! zens murdered by the South alone? Perhaps it does.

Africans, the Rhodesians, " I must say that the ra- j the Belgians and the Cuban cialist turn that is so repre- j refugee adventurers h a d sented by the headlines of ! dark skins like the colored newspapers in this country | United States citizens murabout this event is painful. | dered in Mississippi?

The sickening headlines, such as 'Africans massacre "Whatever the case may whites,' attempts at creating be, those responsible for the martyrs—all these are not sorry state of affairs in the conducive to a peaceful solu- Congo must be held as the tion of a really difficult prob- only ones responsible for the lem . . . deplorable deaths of the in| " I repeat that the aggres- nocent victims of the milision and the military inter- j tary intervention in Stanleyvention of Belgium and the j ville. In fact, it is well known United States precipitated I that no European had been the killings of the very citi- j executed by the Stanleyville zens it was meant to 'res- authorities throughout the cue.' It is paradoxical in whole period that preceded such a situation that mar- the parachuting of Belgian tyrs have been created by | troops in Stanleyville . . . the very people responsible "...

The result of these for their death . . . " blind policies will surely be the determining factor in the Mr. Beovogui of Guinea: " . . . I n their blind war building of a free and unified being carried out under the Congolese nation. The murdirection of Belgian, South derers of Lumumba, the killAfrican and Rhodesian mer- ers of thousands of Balubas cenaries, under the protec- in North Katanga, those retion of United States military sponsible for the death of Hammarsjkold, those plans piloted by Cuban mer- Mr. cenaries recruited and fi- who decided to impose a nanced by the United States blockade against Cuba by in—soldiers of fortune trying I voking the charter of the Orto redeem their fiasco in the ! ganization of A m e r i c a n Bay of Pigs—they have mas- States can give lessons to no sacred hundreds upon hun- ! one in humanitarian matters. dreds of defenseless Congo"The proof of their real inlese civilians whom they tentions may be seen in the have called rebels for the | withdrawal of their forces needs of their cause. They have bombarded cities held after their dirty deed had by the forces of the National ' been accomplished, in spite Liberation Front, killing a of the fact that many hunlarge number of Congolese and European civilians, as dreds o/ foreigners of Eurowas done in Albertville and pean origin remain in the | areas controlled by the NaBakavu.

"At the time, no indigna- i tional Liberation Front . . . "

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

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and nations live together, they will perish together."

Then, came the statement, according to the p a p e r : "Too many of our white brothers are only concerned with their economical problems, their s o c i a l status, their political powers, and their so-called way of life."

Of his own people, he said, "We must not seek to rise from a position of disadvantage to one of advantage, substituting injustice of one type for that of another."

vinced that n e i t h e r a white nor Negro government will be here 100 years from now to witness what will take place.

There is nothing good coming from the white man for the so-called Negroes' future. I have repeatedly warned you that there is no justice for you in the white man. This Civil R i g h t s Bill was I HAVE never heard of made up by white peo- any such talk coming from ple and passed by white a leader's mouth in all of my people; and even at this life. If a man is NOT going late date, there is no in- to rise from a position of disdication that the white a d v a n t a g e , why is he preaching for the passage of man will — or even de- the Civil Rights Bill for his sires — to treat the'so- people? No wonder he had called Negroes equally. j the privilege of going into a It is not his nature to j cathedral where no so-called treat you or even his '• Negro had ever stood in its u l p i t . He is ignorant, kind right; it cannot be p preaching for brotherhood of done. white people and destruction R E V E R E N D Martin Luther King, Jr., the 1964 Nobel Peace Prize w i n n e r , would have honored himself and his people if he had refused the medal. The c a s h money could have been accepted, since his people need it. Even if he did not need it himself, there are p o o r a m o n g his followers who really need financial help.

He won neither peace nor justice for his people.

of his own people; because brotherhood with the white people means the destruction of the black people. According to the Bible — he preaches from it — teaches that you should not m a k e friends or have friendship with the wicked if you are the righteous, and y o u should not worship the devils. Most certainly, the white man is the devil — his own Bible teaches him that.

R E V E R E N D Martin Luther King, Jr., wants brotherhood with white America for himself and his followers.

As reported here, the Nobel Peace Prize was conferred upon him in Norway. Reverend King sharply warned, in St. Paul's Cathedral, that, "A doctrine of black supremacy was as great a danger as one of white supremacy." He followed up with the words, "Unless men

HE SAID, "God is not interested in the freedom of white, black, or yellow men, but in the freedom of the whole human race." H e r e , again, the Reverend shows that he has not studied the scripture, for it s u r e l y teaches you that the world has been under the rule of satan (the devil) for 6.000 years, and now separation must come between God's people and the devil so that

the righteous can survive.

This kind of talk coming from a theological college graduate is almost unbelievable. How many American so-called Negroes would like to follow a man who speaks like one who cares nothing about them?

R E V E R E N D K i n g has made it clear that he never wants the black man to rule, because he knows it will be "just as dangerous as white supremacy." This s h o w s that all black people should disregard anything that a man like that says. He disagreed that his p e o p l e should ever rise from the level of a subjected people of slavery. I would like to ask the Reverend u n d e r whom he would like to live, since he condemns the ability of both for the supreme

character of ruling the na- nation, say such things. tions of the earth, as the So, in view of such statewhite man has done and en- ments, Rev. King is of no joyed for the last 4,000 years. good among black people.

He wants to be a brother What are you going to do? to the white man and wants Are you going to follow such the black man to be like the teachings, or will you turn white man. This is continued around and join onto your enslavement. I am just won- own kind? I cannot see, nor dering how many followers can I understand, why the he has after his last state- so-called American Negro is so blind, deaf and dumb. We ments. have the right to live and do I heard Rev. King on tele- for ourselves and our chilvision say that he wanted dren. We do not want any white people to be his broth- more promises, and we caners and not his brothers-in- [ not get along in peace with law. He loves our enemies. a universally-known enemy Any black person who be- of black men. lieves in himself should not go near or even listen to this Since Allah h a s revealed type of teaching. It is really the very nature of the Cauawful to hear a man, who casian race — that they are has been beaten and thrown devils — there is no way of into jail seeking the right to changing them to be anyexercise the rights of a j thing other than that which member of his own black j they are.

Writers Rip US.-Belgian Role in Congo (Special to Muhammad Speaks) NEW YORK — Probably never before has America been so castigated and indicted than when she intervened in the Congo and became an open accomplice to the murder and massacre of scores of thousands of black men, women and children.

Typifying the black reactions here were those sentiments expressed at a recent rally called by "The May 2nd Movement" to expressly condemn America's perfidious action. Leroy Jones the Negro poet, and playwright, said:—"When Martin Luther King says he has hopes for America I wonder what America he is talking about? There has never been

any hope for America. If You are a black man in America you are 'a nigger.'

You can get all the degrees you want, to learn every word in the dictionary—you will never be a man until you break this man's back and topple this society."

Commenting further, Mr. Jones stated: "They won't send paratroopers to Philadelphia, Miss. . . . Before any person in the world can speak safely and soundly these Americans must leave the Congo.

Every black person should l o c k arms with another black person, if we can do that something will happen.

They can be beaten, they have to be b e a t e n—otherwise we all die."

The "May 2nd Movement, was organized by students who defied the government's ban on travel to Cuba and went and saw for themselves accuses "the mercenaries and President Johnson of the murder of the white missionaries that have b e e n killed in the Congo."

Through its spokesman Michael Brown, the movement added, "We mourn in anger the massacre of thousands of Congolese citizens by the white mercenaries, Belgian paratroopers a n d Cuban hirelings of the CIA. The real guilt for their death must rest with the administration in Washington."

Truman Nelson, author of several books and an author-

ity on John Brown noted that: "We have our mercenaries here. We call them policemen. When anyone questions the right of the racist white

Mercy Appeal to S. Africa STOCKHOLM, Sweden — The Swedish Confederation of Trade Unions called upon the government of S o u t h Africa to spare the lives of three black African freedom fighters condemned to death.

The SCTU, representing 90 per cent of all Swedish workers, cabled P r e s i d e n t Charles Swart of South Africa asking mercy for Vuyisile Mini, Wilson Khayinga and Zinakile Kaba.

Massacre south to beat and kill the blacks, when anyone advocates, as I do, that the racists be punished, that justice be meted out, that punishment be enacted for every act of racism, committed by every white man, north or south, the white man wants to curse me. 'Why its their custom,' they say, 'their society, their culture. You can't punish a man for his culture.

"But when that culture enslaves, when it cures, when it dehumanizes, then it is rotten and it has got to go.

"The symbol in humanism is man himself; that which corrupts t h a t symbol and suppresses it, is awful as garbage and s h o u l d be crushed into the earth."

JANUARY 1, 1965

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

4

By Abdul Basit Naeem NEW YORK — Muslims in New York City, as elsewhere in this country, were eager and looked forward to viewing the Honorable Elijah Muhammad's first major telecast on Monday, Dec. 7, presented by National Educational Television (Channel 13).

Billed originally as an "exclusive interview" with the U. S. Muslim leader, it was well publicized. er Louis Lomax's all-too-freThe actual program, howquent outbursts nearly nulliever, I am sad to say, fell fied the whole presentation. far short of being favorable to or useful for us, the MusThe Lomax bits, mercilims. In fact, it was, in eslessly injected in-between sence, just another attempt short "takes" of the Muslim by a powerful American meleader, were indeed out-ofdium of public information place and t o t a l l y unwarto "expose" the Muslims. ranted. (Is it possible that these tactics were employed While I do not speak for by the program's creators to the Honorable Elijah Muconfuse and mislead the auhammad or official represendience?) By virtue of this petatives of the Nation of Isculiar behavior, the author lam — comments expressed of "The Negro Revolt" apherein are entirely my own— peared to play the role of a I believe a vast majority of mere mercenary unwittedly the U.S. Muslims share my committed to helping his foes view that the telecast in instead of bis "folks." question was an enormous disappointment.

At one point in the program, Lomax had ventured First of all, the program Louis Lomax to predict that " . . . Muswas finally given a rather inappropriate and insignificant Violet Drive." Second, the lims will soon return to obtitle, "The Messenger from tragi-comical nature of writ- livion whence they came

. . . " How absurd! What nonsense!

And I have some startling facts to reveal to our chainsmoking prophet of doom: A LONG, LONG TIME FROM NOW—CENTURIES A F T E R ALL T H E W O R L D ' S LOMAXES HAVE VANISHED FROM T H E EARTH — T H E B E L I E V E R S IN A L L A H Abdul Basit Naeem (MUSLIMS) WILL S T I L L B E AROUND! Yes, Mr. Lo- I would like to conclude max, like it or not, ISLAM this brief review by saying IS H E R E TO STAY — AND that I , for one, would have FOREVER! preferred to see the HonorHere I also wish to add able Elijah Muhammad apthat, as I have often stated pear on the telecast alone, in my previous a r t i c l e s even if for a shorter durawhich have appeared in this tion. Lomax's appearance on newspaper, no one but AL- the same program, as a supLAH may judge His people posed expert or interpreter, (of which the so-called "Ne- was unnecessary. By seizing groes" in America who have the opportunity of appearing embraced Islam are a part). on the same program w i t h Mr. Lomax, as any "ally of the respected leader of Musthe beast in this wilderness," lims and by uttering so many possesses no right whatever u n k i n d words about him, to challenge a righteous be- Lomax is now guilty of disliever's credentials, m u c h service to bis people. As for less offer a verdict on the interpreting the Muslims, he whole Nation of Islam! understands them not at all.

Ameen Hamaad of Cairo engagement.

Afro-American Music Scores da-inspired Currently playing A f r o- was the combining, for the American music in Cairo first time, of Afro-American Huge Success In Egypt ;| are four different aggrega- and Egyptian big-band music, producing a unique and

Benny Goodman propagan- completed record album by listen to recordings by AfroAmerican stars, but also listen to the recitations in Arabic of the Holy Qur-an, especially the recordings of the late Sheik Muhammad tions under the musical diBy MAX X SPEARS Rifaat. j rection of Osman Karriem, pleasant musical mixture.

The chanting of the Holy Recordings of Afro-Amer; an Afro - American music (Special to Muhammad Speaks) ! teacher and follower of the ican jazz, made in America, Qur-an by Sheik MuhamCAIRO, Egypt — Unlike Europe, Japan and the Far Honorable Elijah Muham- are rare, but such Afro- mad Rifaat exemplifies muEast, Afro-American music is relatively new in the United ; mad.

Americans as Art Blakey, sically the same approach to Arab Republic, dating back only five years to the time In a song, " I Love Africa," Max Roach, Duke Ellington, creation that is manifest by when a jazz group, including the late Oscar Dennard and recorded here by Taib Mu- Cannonball A d d e r l y and the geniuses of Afro-AmeriGeorge Joyner, played here for several months.

Thompson have can music—from Dizzy Giltayaba, Congolese singer, L u c k y The excellence of these lespie to modern-day artists Afro - American background made many fans here.

Arab students of A f r o - such as Sonny Rollins and musicians left the people of ! music was used.

The feature of a recently- American m u s i c not only Ornette Coleman.

Egypt with a good standard by which to judge subsequent Afro-American music.

O N NATIONWIDE RADIO! An interesting historical sidelight is that this same THE H O N O R A B L E E L I J A H group of jazzmen appeared in Russia, preceding t h e

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

New York Revolt L About 30 African slaves ' and a few Indians led a oneday rebellion in 1712, in the City of New York that resulted in the deaths of seven w h i t e men, and seriously wounded six others.

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The group set fire to a I MUHAMMAD building and, armed with knives, r i f l e s and clubs, waited for the whites to flee the burning building, who j Every Week then attacked the slaves.

Most of the slaves were captured within 24 - hours, On the Radio and one killed himself and his wife while in hiding.

Twenty-seven slaves were Station condemned to death, but six, including a pregnant woman, were pardoned. Some of In Your Area the captured s l a v e s were burnt at the stake, others were broken over the wheel Listed —a device that stretches the body—and others were hung Here . . . upside-down in chains.

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JANUARY 1, 1965

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

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turned into wild, rampaging animals.

"This was the truth, the reality of this Congo war; of the race to the relief of Stanleyville that has h e l d the world headlines these trapped in the flames. And last few days. we just hurried on our way.j "It was a faraway little "We watched the wounded j world of men crazed with squirming and moaning by bloodlust; where all ordithe roadside. And we just nary standards of behaviour left them to the vultures and and decency had never been the cruel, consuming sun- known on the one side and were t h r o w n scornfully shine. . . . away by the other.

"Sometimes we killed in a "Don't think that we white frenzy. Sometimes we killed mercenaries, we hired kilcoldly. lers, racing for the besieged "And what sickened me jungle city saw ourselves as most of all was that occa- white knights on a crusade sionally some of our column of mercy. killed for kicks; killed for "Believe me, we didn't. fun.

All we really cared about in " T H E R E WAS NOTHING the end was the killing — TO CHOOSE B E T W E E N US and the business of keeping — R E B E L S , CONGO GOV- ourselves a l i v e and unERNMENT SOLDIERS, OR harmed.

US W H I T E MERCEN"We knew that if we were ARIES, MOST OF WHOM wounded there would be litW E R E SOLDIERS OF FOR- tle hope for us out there in TUNE FROM, U N B E L I E V - the jungle — and not much ABLY, BRITAIN. more hope, perhaps through "We all seemed to have a whole maimed lifetime, if

W h i l e white Western leaders prattle about the alleged "mercy" mission to save whites i n the Congo, the most i n h u m a n slaughter and e x t e r m i n a tion of black Congolese has proceeded without a whimper of protest f r o m a single white Western official.

MUHAMMAD S P E A K S prints here excerpts from a private letter written by a white British mercenary and published in the Nov. 29, 1964, issue of News Of The World.

African leaders circulated copies of the full text of this letter to the delegations in the United Nations.

• • * "Our orders were to shoot at sight. And that was what we did — with a vengeance.

"We would thunder into villages in our lorries and armoured cars, b l a z i n g away wildly with our guns, tossing petrol into the little native homes and setting them alight.

"We heard the screams of men, women and children

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THE INHUMAN murder of block Congolese by hired white killers of Tshombe's army has gone on without a single protest from white European West. The Indian photographer who took this picture of a white mercenary stomping a black Congolese was forced out of the Congo immediately. we were lucky enough to get back to civilization.

We had strict orders from our officers that we should a l w a y s move at least in pairs. Then, in places where evacuation was impossible, any man unlucky enough to be wounded was to be shot dead by his comrade. . . .

"We felt we had b e e n conned into this war.

"Some of us had really believed we were going to help a lawful government to restore law and order; to end the years-old Congo chaos; to save lives. But instead— like many of the U n i t e d Nations "peace - keeping" forces before us — we had decended into the savagery of the w h o l e countryside around us. . . .

"And now the 200 of us, out of the original 500 or so, who had been stupid enough not to desert in the early stages, like so many of our fellow victims, were being kept in the war by sheer iron discipline and threats of terrible penalties.

"We knew that if we became casualties there would be no question of any compensation. Widows and orphans scattered around the world would rot in poverty for all the Congo government was likely to care.

"So subconsciously, I sup| pose, we made up our minds to kill every living thing that could possibly harm us.

Women, children, old folk— it was all the same to us.

"For didn't we know that even a seven-year-old in the Congo can be a t r a i n e d killer?

"And certainly we were not going to take risks by trying to sort out the good from the bed, the innocent from the guilty, the friends or the neutrals from t h e enemy. . . .

"One of the worst massacres on the road to Stanleyville was at the town of Kindu.

"Though nothing has been heard of it in the outside world, it was probably even more hideous, in its way, than the dreadful slaughter a few days ago of w h i c h "ONLY AT KINDU I T WAS NOT BLACKS K I L L ING WHITES, BUT WHITES LEADING BLACKS IN T H E K I L L I N G OF BLACKS. . . .

"We had heard that all Europeans had been carried off across the river by the rebels and that most of the African women and children had run away into the bush.

"But obviously there were people down there, so, as usual, we opened up at once with everything we had. Rifles, machine guns, rocket launchers—the lot.

"As we thundered into the town t h e r e was a wild scramble by the Africans to get from our side of the river to the other side.

"Few m a d e it. Scores were mowed down as we approached. And then we ( C o n t i n u e d on page

22)

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

Cites Muhammad's

JANUARY 1, 1965

Independence:

Publisher Cites Sordid Role of Belgium i n Congo (As related to Minister Bernard and John W X, of San Francisco, Calif.)

ulously organized a democratic government and they were fortunate to have as QUESTION: Would you care to comment on the policy their first Prime Minister a of the U.S. insofar as it concerns Africa? man who wanted his government to do collectively for ANSWER: One thing is very clear about the civil forces are not giving up their the people what they could war in the Congo, the Amer- control of manpower and not do individually. This was materials without a the basic philosophy of Paican people are not getting war trice Lumumba. the truth about it. The Congo great deal of reluctance. is not a condition that exists There is unity of agreeBut the manner in which in isolation from other re- freedom is sweeping the re- ment that Tshombe is a tool gion of Africa. C o l o n i a l maining colonial s t r o n g - of the mining interests that holds, i.e., South Africa, Por- would continue to enslave tuguese Guinea, Mozambique the people of the Congo and and Angola or Southern Rho- that he is openly dealing with desia, they will eventually savage, ruthless racists from South Africa and the Portuall be liberated.

When the Belgians finally guese African empire.

The important thing is that granted freedom to the Congo, I am not so sure that Tshombe has brought into they did not plan for the type the Congo, without the press of disorganized government of the world protesting with which we see existing today. horror, hordes of white NaziThe Belgians ruled for 75 type mercenaries who have years, but left not more than proceeded to slaughter un30 Congolese who had been armed black Congolese unexposed to higher education. der the guise of fighting Yet, after surviving this "communism."

World War I I I could start most vicious colonial exploitation, the Congolese mirac- in the Congo or in South Africa. The Negro people of this country and other allies must demand that there be a full disclosure of the total extent of the United States of America's involvment in the Congo, our military commitments, our political commitments, our economic commitments.

Freedom is not dead in the Congo. It will rise again to haunt T s h o m b e and his friends of the West, because the people have decided that they must be free.

Now, on the question of the role of the Negro press, well, the first thing I think we should say is that the Negro press is a very weak instrument in the constillation of international policy.

The Negro press exists in a precarious fashion. First, because it is, as most American newspapers, a subsidized press in that it lives by virtue of its advertisements and while the Negro has been able to utilize his press in an articulate fashion to fight against injustice, deprivation a n d grevious wrongs in the civil rights field in this country—the Negro press has not been too active in the civil liberties fight in this country. Civil liberties is the tree of which civil rights is the branch.

But when the Negro press becomes involved in other areas of combat other than civil rights, it runs into the threat of economic reprisals by the persons who control' THIS RARE photo of the children of the Congo's great Patrice the advertising by which the Lumumba, murdered reportedly by Moise Tshombe and white last blood of the Negro press mercanaries, was brough from Cairo, Egypt, where his is maintained. widow and children have been given refuge by Egypt's PresiNow there are papers such dent Nasser. Left to right is Julienne, Ronald, Patrice, Jr., as MUHAMMAD SPEAKS, which is a paper supported and standing in rear, Francois.

Lumumba's Children

and subsidized not by white advertising, but advertising growing out of the Negro community and also by militant support by members of the Muslim faith. It can play a different role, a more militant role. I am speaking about this realistically because in this country, publishing is a very, very expensive industry. Far too many of our papers are hindered in doing their crusading mission because of their fear of economic reprisal.

This has happened in the South. You recall that the paper run by Miss Ruby Bates of Little Rock, Arkansas. It had to cease publication. A number of black papers in the Southern states have felt the economic backlash of the white citizens council.

And a publisher has to make a decision sometimes, he decides whether he can do more for the cause by staying alive and being published once a week or so — when, to carry on a very zealous campaign would result in huge financial reverse and thereby disappear altogether from the society in which he lives.

But, I am convinced that the Negro freedom struggle

Dr. Carlton Goodlet in America is interwoven with the African freedom struggle and America will play a large role in the success of both of them.

If the Negro in America does not continue his drive for national liberation for first - class citizenship and freedom and human dignity and thereby create a society in whicn American whites learn to respect their neighbors who are people of color, then America cannot offer any kind of moral leadership to a world in which twothirds of the people are colored.

When white Americans do not treat with decency, equity or morality American citizens who are their neighbors — if they cannot treat with high moral principles the man who lives next door because he is a man of different color, how can they treat with justice, decency and moral principle a man who lives thousands of miles away and is another color?

Dr. Carlton B. Goodlet, Publisher of the San Francisco Sun - Reporter, although comparatively new in the field of Negro journalism, is regarded as a throw-back to the original crusading black journalists whose protests paved the way for the modern civil rights struggles.

The "Dr." in Goodlet's name is not simply that of a Ph.D. (although in 1938, he received a Ph.D. in Psychology from the University of California at the age of 23) but also that of an M.D. from Meharry Medical College. He was the third Negro to practice medicine in San Francisco.

Dr. Goodlet's viewpoints are highly respected by leading Negro publishers. Because of the deep significance of the Congo issue to Afro-Americans, MUHAMMAD SPEAKS brings this exclusive interview with one black publisher who is regarded as closely in tune with the outlook of Negro masses.

Egypt Builds Up to Meet Growing Tourist Industry CAIRO, Egypt — Tourism is rapidly becoming the foremost industry in Egypt. During the past 10 months 377,000 tourists visited the United Arab Republic, an increase of 40 per cent over the corresponding period in 1963.

Whereas tourists from Arab countries rose by 39 per cent, European visitors increased by 57 per cent and Americans by 16 per cent. Among the European nations, the British registered the greatest increase with a 123 per cent rise.

The government is doing everything possible to en- facilities. A number of new courage foreign visitors. As night clubs are to be opened part of this plan, a Tourist in Cairo, illustrated maps Service organization has showing different parts of been established with a siz- the city will be placed in able budget. It will build ho- major streets and squares, tels, resorts, rest homes and and museums will be open provide new transportation in the evenings.

JANUARY 1, 1965

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

7

'One Day ffie Messenger of

Allah Knocked on My Door1

By BENJAMIN X (Washington, D.C.) I met the Messenger of God in July of 1935.

Going in the name of "Mr. Evans," he had inquired about the room my wife and I had for rent in the five-room apartment where we lived at that time.

I was out the first time he called that day, but my sis- and out of his room—for sevter showed him the room. eral days, making friends He introduced himself to with my family and me; me, when he returned that telling us of his work, his I evening, as "Mr. Evans" mission and the God he rep-; and said he would like to resented. It all s o u n d e d ! rent the room. We closed the strange—but good to me.

AMONG THE many show buisness personalities being introdeal and he moved in.

I had noticed that a numduced to the Honorable Elijah Muhammad's 3-Year Eco"Mr. Evans," the Messen- ber of days had passed but I nomic Plan by Captain Quinton R. X and Brother Emerson 3X, ger of Allah, was around—in had not seen him eat any' public relations director, of Muhammad's Mosque No. 4, Washington, D . C , were The Fiestas, famed singers (shown with Captain Quinton R. X, left foreground), recently appearing in the nation's copi'ul. Mosque No. 4 is putting on an all-out drive to bring the Messenger's program to every black man, woman and child who lives in or visits Washington.

Minister Benjamin

I s !«<*<*jje

V

Ifi Jr JfBm

SEEKING SCHOLARSHIPS to attend Al-Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt, are Ronald X Denny (left), mathematics major at San Francisco City College, and Virgil X Gibson, formerly a business management major at Colorado State College.

Ronald X will continue in mathematics, while Virgil X wants to study Islamic law. Ronald X now conducts practical mathematics courses on Tuesdays and Saturdays in a free tutoring service at Muhammad's Mosque No. 26 in San Francisco.

food. Then one morning, he asked me if I drank coffee.

When I told him I did, he asked me what time I had coffee.

"At 9:30 a.m.," I replied.

"How about putting my name in the pot next time?" he asked. " I will be glad to do that, sir," I told him.

After having coffee together that following morning., we dined together the next evening. The d i n n e r had been purchased, supervised

and directed by him—in the kitchen.

"Mr. Evans," the Messenger of Allah, had asked me to invite some of my friends to eat with us, and they also were present. During the dinner period, the Messenger of Allah began to tell us about the things he ate and the things he did not eat; how often he ate and why.

He also began to tell us of his religion and the God he served. This all s o u n d e d strange to my guests and me because we had never heard of Islam and Allah.

Since that July day nearly 30 years ago, I have learned to love the Honorable Elijah Muhammad and the religion

of Islam he taught—the religion of peace, freedom, justice and equality. His teachings have helped me overcome many of the ills I have suffered under Christianity.

But best of all, I can say truthfully that during the six or more years he lived with and around me, the Honorable Elijah Muhammad lived what he taught and preached.

I know that he is a man of God. He had dedicated his life to work for the freedom of, every one of the so-called Negroes. We should get behind Mr. Muhammad, who is the only one to lead us into the Promised Land.

Accepf Allah's Messenger and Help Self

By Sister Gertrude Bogans (Detroit, Michigan) All holy praises to Allah, to whom I submit, and I thank Allah for a divine guide. I bear witness that the Honorable Elijah Muhammad is the true Messenger of God. I thank Allah for letting my mind be opened enough to None! Our women should accept an invitation to Mu- flee to Islam. We, the women hammad's Mosque some 10 of Islam, know that our leador 11 years ago. What im- er is the greatest of all leadpressed me most was what ers. We should always be the Minister said about how ready to help our dear leader the Muslim men were taught and teacher in every way to respect the women; that possible.

Muslim men did not stay out Before coming into Islam, all times of night or drink or we did not know how to act commit acts of adultery or at home or abroad. We now fornication, but were taught know how to rear our chilhow to love their wives and dren, and how to treat our families and how to put their husbands, which many of us money to good use. did not know. We have been Also all so-called Ameri- taught what is best for us to can Negro women should eat, and how to eat, once per love and cherish our leader day, and how to fast and for teaching our men how to pray. treat them. We know that we Many of our women have were not used to this kind of learned how to sew and save treatment before. The Mes- money by making clothes senger is teaching our men! for themselves and their how to act and think. What families. Our children are other leader Is teaching this? taught many arts and crafts.

We know who we are, and we also know who our open enemy is—the devil, the white man. As long as you go to church, you will not find this truth there.

Muhammad's University does not turn out juvenile delinquents. You do not see teenagers of Muhammad's Mosque c a r r y i n g switch blade knives or other dangerous weapons to use on each other. Muslim women are taught to train their children from the cradle. Now you tell me, what kind of fault could you find with a leader and teacher who is teaching you to help yourself?

I know that he is sent from God. He is the only God-like man I know. I have been in his presence many times and I know he is not a man of frolic and play, but a man who teaches righteousness and lives up to it. I know that the liars and hypocrites who speak evil against our lead-

er and slander him — they that others also can respect will pay. I know that Allah them.

Many of our people scorn will chastise them greatly, the very word "Muslim," not as our leader has said He knowing what it means. A would.

Muslim is one who submits I thank Allah for sending to Allah, Who is the Supreme us a Messenger who is teach- God of this great universe, ing us of a peaceful religion; and one Who practices rightthat you don't have to die to eousness. Now why should go to heaven, but just join any one scorn a person who your own kind, purchase submits to God? some land and make your Why s h o u l d our women own heaven here on this good flock to the big churches? solid earth that you know To what God are they prayabout. ing? To whom do they subWe no longer have to sing jmit? The preachers and the and shout and foam at the jwhite devils, who else? Our mouth in the churches, or jMessenger has said we talk "unknown tongues." We jshould stand up for Islam, do not have to listen to the | Allah and him, our Messenp r e a c h e r s try to "bring jger, and Allah and Islam back" our dear mothers who | will stand up for us. Allah's have passed on from the jblessings will be showered grave. We all know the upon all of us who submit to preachers in the churches do jAllah and His Messenger. not care how short or low-cut We will only be helping ouryou wear your dresses. But selves. our Messenger is the only So-called American Negro one telling and teaching our [women, let's all follow a women to lower their dress- leader and teacher who is the es and respect themselves so Messenger from God.

muhAMMA<d SPEfAfctf-" '

TheHOLYQUR-AN

JANUARY

$W$V

The Fuse May Be Long, But . . .

THE HYPOCRITES AND D I S B E L I E V E R S T H E FOLLOWING A R E L I S T E D SUBJECTS ON "HYPOCRITES AND D I S B E L I E V E R S " WITH CHAPTERS AND V E R S E S FROM T H E HOLY QUR-AN W H E R E T H E Y MAY B E FOUND. The hypocrites must be separated from true believers: Chapter 3, Verse 178; Chapter 29, Verse 11; Chapter 27, Verse 29 and 31.

They spread false reports: Chapter 4, Verse 84.

The hypocrites desire to destroy the Muslims: Chapter 4, Verse 113.

Their opposition to the Messenger turned to failure: Chapter 4, Verse 115.

They practice deception: Chapter 47 Verse-142 and 143.

Hypocrites are not to be taken for friends by the believers: Chapter 4, Verse 144.

They are to be forgiven if they renounce hypocrisy: Chapter 4, Verse 146 and 147.

They act as spies for the enemies of the Muslims: Chapter 5, Verse 41.

They seek friendship with enemies of Islam: Chapter 5, Verse 52.

They shall not be successful: Chapter 5, Verse 53.

Their presence is a source of weakness: Chapter 9, Verse 47.

Their spending or giving in charity to the Muslims is not accepted: Chapter 9, Verse 53 and 55.

Their faultfinding: Chapter 9, Verse 58 and 59.

Punishment by the Messenger and the Muslims of the hypocrites: (See footnote, 1067) to Chapter 9, Verse 52.

They molest the Prophet: Chapter 9, Verse 61.

Those who molest the Messenger of Allah, for them Is a painful chastisement. Whoever opposes Allah and His Messenger, for them is the fire of hell. This is the grief the hypocrites are threatened with in: Chapter 9, Verse 63.

This is not to be taken literally; it is a grief that will abase and disgrace the hypocrites. See: Chapter 9, Verse 68.

Their false oaths: Chapter 9, Verse 62.

Their opposition: Chapter 9, Verse 63.

They enjoin evil, and forbid good: Chapter 9, Verse 67.

The hypocrites are cursed: Chapter 9, Verse 68.

Their works rendered null: Chapter 9, Verse 69.

The Messenger should strive hard against hypocrites: Chapter 9, Verse 69.

They mock the Muslims: Chapter 9, Verse 79.

They shall not be forgiven: Chapter 9, Verse 80.

Relation with hypocrites cut off: Chapter 9, Verse 80.

(See footnotes 1077 and 1079).

The Messenger and the Muslims are forbidden to offer prayer for them: Chapter 9, Verse 84.

Muslims forbidden to have intercourse with hypocrites: Chapter 9, Verse 95. (See footnote 1085).

The hypocrites build Mosques to sow dissension among Muslims and to afford shelter to enemies of Islam: Chapter 9, Verse 107 and 110. (See footnote 1094).

The hypocrites spread evil reports: Chapter 33, Verse 60 and 61. (See footnote 2012).

They obey enemies of Islam: Chapter 47, Verse 25-28.

The chastisement of the Hypocrites: Chapter 48, Verse 6.

Their excuses: Chapter 48, Verse 11-14.

Hypocrites forbidden to accompany Muslims expeditions: Chapter 48, Verse 15.

Hypocrites are deprived of light: Chapter 57, Verse 13-15. (See footnote 2448).

Hypocrites design against the Muslims: Chapter 63, Verse 3.

"Allah specially chooses for His mercy whom He jleases. And Allah is the Lord of nyghty grace:" Chapter 3, Verse 73.

The believers will not be left in the condition of the hypocrites and disbelievers until Allah separates the evil from the good. Allah chooses of His Messengers whom He ^leases. So, believe in Allah and His Messengers. Chapter 3, Verse 178.

The Believers are Warned Not to Slander Each Other: Chapter 24, Verse 16.

MUHAMMAD ON TV T h e second r o u n d of the N a t i o n a l E d u c a c a t i o n a l Television Network's presentation of a n interview with the H o n o r a b l e E l i j a h M u hammad, Messenger of A l l a h , w i l l be shown over most N E T stations on December 2 1 , 1964.

I n most areas, the f i l m w i l l be shown at 9:00 p . m . However, due to local programing, check your daily newspaper for the exact time and station i n your a r e a .

Historic Chinese-Arab Friendship Dates Back B.C. (Special to Muhammad Speaks)

perfumes, medicines a n d j 7th and 8th centuries, w a s jewels.

I brought to western Asia by Arab merchants 400 y e a r s In the Tang Dynasty, Arab The majority of the Arab countries have now estab- vessels called chiefly at Can- : later. The mariner's comlished diplomatic relations I ton. D u r i n g the Yuan dyn- pass, another Chinese invenwith C h i n a and trade and :asty (1280-1368), Arab-China tion, was used on Arab ships cultural ties have been grow- | trade was conducted through in the 13th century.

It is generally believed Chuanchow in Fukien Proing. vince. So flourishing was this that the spread of Islam in Contacts between the Arab ; port that the celebrated Arab China began in 651 A.D., the world and China date from | traveler Ibn Batuta, who year the first Caliphate envery early times. According visited it in the 14th century, voy was received by the Chito the Arab historian al-Mas- described it as the "com- nese emperor. A Moslem ude, Chinese junks sailed up mercial center of the world." tomb outside Canton is said the Euphrates in the 5th cenStill more Arabs came to to be of the 7th century and tury. | China during the Yuan dyn- to be that of a maternal Contacts became many- asty in the 13th and 14th cen- uncle of Mohammad. Arab merchants living in Chinese sided and fruitful from the turies.

These contacts were to the ports built mosques for their 7th century, a period when the Arab and Chinese em- mutual benefit of China and own religious observances.

The conversion of large pires were then the strongest the Arab countries. The Chiin the world. In 651, a mis- nese learned from Arab as- large groups of Chinese to sion from Caliph Othman tronomers. In 1267 Jamal Islam did not take place uncame to Emperor Kao Tsung al-Din presented the Chinese til the 13th century, when of the Tang dynasty, (618- emperor with seven astrono- many Moslems from Central mical instruments and the Asia came to China and ac907).

Moslem calendar which was quired a high position in soChinese chronicles mention used in China side by side ciety under the Yuan dynno less than 37 Arab embas- with the China lunar calen- asty. sies and missions during the dar for many centuries.

Today the M o s l e m s in Tang period. The writings of Arab medical science was China, belonging to ten difthe Arab merchant Abu Zaid in those times without equal ferent nationalities number Hassan say his companion in the world. In the 14th cen- some 10 million people. They Ibn Wahab came to the then tury, when E u r o p e stood have their own schools and Chinese capital C h a n g a helpless before the "black mosques and are represented (now Sian). death" considering it an act in the national and local PeoChinese-Arab trade, which I of God, the Moslem physi- ple's Congresses. continued to expand until the cian Ibn-al-Khatib wrote that Contacts between the Arab 14th c e n t u r y , proceeded it was caused by infection. countries and China w e r e along two main routes. One A pharmacopoeia trans- broken off in the 16th cenran overland through Cen- lated from Arabic into Chi- tury. Western imperialism tral Asia, the other by sea nese during this period can turned m o s t of the Arab across the Persian Gulf and be seen in the Peking Na- countries as well as China the Indian Ocean. Chinese tional Library. into colonies or semi-colonies. ships brought to the A r a b The art of paper-making Ancient Arab-Chinese ties world silk, porcelain, paper spread from China to the have been renewed since the and other merchandise. Arab ' Arab world in the 8th cen- emergence of China and the merchants in the "Western i tury. Gunpowder, invented Arab nations as independent Market" in Changan brought by Chinese alchemists in the states and are growing.

JANUARY 1, 1965

Editorial Out Of The Lion's Den

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

Doctor Spurs Drive To End Hospital Jim Crow

Despite the penetrating light of publicity on the subSo believe i n A l l a h and H i s Messenger, The ject, the establishment of a group to help curb it and the U m m i Prophet who believes i n A l l a h and H i s words, allocation of funds to the President's "War on Poverty" and follow h i m so that you may be guided a r i g h t . drive, the vicious and cynically cold-blooded practice of medical discrimination against Negroes—doctors as well

— H o l y Q u r - a n , P a r t IX, C h . 7, 1 5 8 as patients—by hospitals continues across the land.

A noted Chicago physician observed that there has been Regardless of the multitudes of promises made for no action during the twohundreds of years by practically every American admin- year existence of a commis| sion charged with reviewing istration to "do something" to free the Negro in America ; and suspected case of dis—the results have remained empty promises. criminatory a c t i o n by Regardless of the multitudes of minature "revolts" nospitais.

According to Dr. Charles staged by black leaders throughout the centuries, the L .

Williams, one of a group results have maintained the Negro within the den of the of physicians who instituted hungriest lion of all—the destroyers of black freedom, the an anti-trust suit in 1962 American white power bloc. This status quo for the Negro against local hospitals which was maintained, in the past, because no true leader brought about the appointemerged to present a Divine Solution, none was divinely ment of the commission by missioned to bring liberty and freedom out of confusion the court, the group has received no complaints by docand chaos. tors because: But there has emerged such a leader.

The Honorable Elijah Muhammad has issued the most urgent call for all black descendents of African slaves to unite—"regardless of dislike for self" in order to bring about a true and real solution to the problems confronting black men, women and children in America.

But unity does not come automatically—unity copies by the increased knowledge of the Negro of his own condition, of his own history, and of his own future and of his true destination.

"This knowledge of yourself is the thing that will free you from what you have been suffering. That is—the enslavement of yourself by the white race." The Messenger states frankly.

"The greatest wrong and evil a man can do to another is to rob him of the knowledge of himself. This is the trouble with our people," the Messenger has said.

For more than 33 years, despite untold persecution, deprivation and suffering, this brave Georgia born black, man in the midst of the Lion's den, has methodically gone about knocking in the teeth of white supremancy until today, America is veritably a snaggled-tooth lion that cannot devour a strong and united black people.

It is not only this strength in unity which the Honorable Elijah Muhammad has provided it is by His strong, relentless declaration calling for separation, calling for independence and his willingness to sacrifice himself for this cause, has made it possible for black men in America to demand not empty "promises," but real birth-right.

That birth-right will come when there is increased unity under the leadership of the man admittedly ahead of all black leaders in America—the Messenger of Allah, the Honorable Elijah Muhammad.

Decree Akbar Muhammad On Sunday, November 29, 1964, at Muhammad's Temple No. 7, New York City, a speech was made

by Akbar Muhammad containing statements and views which were not in keeping with the teachings and principles of the Honorable Elijah Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah. It has therefore been decreed by the Messenger that Akbar Muhammad is no longer to be regarded as a follower of his father in what Allah has revealed to his father in the person of Master W. F . Muhammad. Akbar is now classified as a hypocrite by his father and by all those who follow him.

The Honorable Elijah Muhammad, in the tradition of all great spiritual leaders of modern and ancient times, will forever defend the truths entrusted to him | by Almighty God, Allah, and neither kith nor kin nor defectors of any kind will be allowed to alter the obligation or the divine mission the Messenger is destined to accomplish for his people.

1. Most physicians hesitate to lodge a complaint because there must be sufficient evidence to institute a civil suit.

2. The fear of retaliatory action against the complainant.

Dr. Williams said racial discrimination is difficult to prove because of the "many subterfuges" used by hospital which practice discrimi-

nation against N e g r o patients and doctors.

Citing the "acute" shortage of hospital beds on the near South Side of Chicago ~ d a S r i ^ T u i ^ the~Ne" g r o c o m m u n i t y needs "more a n d better" health facilities, Dr. Williams urged making Provident Hospital "into a first-class institution, since j t s still our main base " ^ '.community H e s a i d s h o u l d i n s j s t Q n f u H cf_ t k m i n t h e le adersliip and Dr. Williams the upgrading" of Provident and presented to the Board Hospital. of Trustees.

"If there is no participa"If no action is taken, tion — help and demands then the community should backed by financial aid—we employ the tactics similar to will continue to be stuck those used by unions in newith second-class facilities gotiating their recent a u t o at Provident," he added. contracts," Dr. Williams as"The community m u s t serted, adding: promise its full monetary "Failure on the part of the and moral support in the Trustees to act on t h e hospital's efforts," Dr. Wil- recommendations should be Hams explained. "The de- cause to boycott the hospital mands should be drawn up until it does."

New York Mosque to Host Night with the F.OJ. NEW YORK — The "Fruit of Islam," the disciplined $3.75. Proceeds will go to the and militant men who follow The Honorable Elijah Mu- cause of Islam to help The hammad, will present their unique "Night With The F . O . I . " Honorable Elijah MuhamDinner-Program, Tuesday, January 12, 1965, from 7 p.m. mad raise the 22 million soto 11 p.m., at the beautiful Audubon Ballroom, 166th Street j called Negroes to a position and Broadway, in New York. i of respect and dignity.

Highlight of the affair will For tickets and informabe live music performed and Borough Staff officers, tion call: AC 2-6522. Tickets by members Dinner is scheduled to be j may also be purchased at the of the 'Fruit,' served from 7 p.m. to 8:30 Shabazz R e s t a u r a n t , 113 p r e s e n t a- p.m. Attire is o p t i o n a l . Lenox Avenue, in Manhattan JBfe tion of the Tickets are priced at $6.50 or at the door, the night of ' eL*'* Muhammad per c o u p l e and singles at the dinner. matt~-*4a.

Speaks Award ^Bt.. , f c t o the top mfggr mi squad. A speMinister c i a 1 feature James of the Muhammad Speaks Award this year will be the introduction of the New York member, ATLANTA, Ga. — F a r from withholding funds from who has sold 1,000 copies of Southern regions which practice racial discrimination, one Muhammed Speaks N e w s - Federal agency has granted a loan of $129,000 to the papers each edition, since segregated city of Guntown, Mississippi, white more than August, 1964. $1,500,000 is going to Mississippi from the U. S. DepartAlso featured will be ex- ment of Health, Education and Welfare for the construction hibits of arts, crafts, paint- of medical and educational facilities. Local officials have ings, a r c h i - faithfully promised that the facilities will remain—for tectual d i s- whites only. p l a y s , and For example, the notori- government will not subsie l e c t r o n i c ous anti-Negro city of Aber- dize segregation, Aberdeen displays by deen, Mississippi, is cele- j Mayor Howell testified last talented indi- wbrating „„ „ c n n nkick-off , - „ , „ „loan ,__ „ . . . a $5,000 viduals withFeb. 14 before the statefunds legislature that Federal in the F . O . I . from the Public Housing Administration to enable it to! for urban renewal could be Class. There Capt. Joseph w i n a l s o be begin preliminary plans on used to maintain segregaexhibits in the performing its program for 25 low-rent tion. housing units. arts.

Howell said: "If we t e a r Although the Housing AdGuests are expected from down those slums and proministration is headed by Muslim headquarters, Muhammad's M o s q u e No. 2, Dr. Robert C. Weaver, Ne vide nice housing for NeChicago, Illinois. Key note gro h o u s i n g expert who i groes we can prevent them speakers w i l l be Minister among other officials, have j from moving into our white James 3X, Captain Joseph X loudly proclaimed that the neighborhoods."

Guntown Is All Jim Crow But Gets Federal Money

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

10

Other

JANUARY 1, 1965

People's

;

"'V

1

Writer Tells the Nation:

'King Need Not Apologize To J. Edgar or Anyone'

By G . C . Oden (for Associated Nesrro Press International) When I read that Martin Luther King, in the face of being called a "notorious iar" by J . Edgar Hoover., had undertaken upon his own initiative to go and see lim in an attempt to reach new levels of understanding, I was annoyed . . . it is high ame Negro America stops wet-nursing the nervous system of white America.

Black citizens are under 10 responsibility to m a k e the meaning of democratic |! wants to, spend the remain.hemselves acceptable t o government as best he can; der of its days apologizing white citizens, and it "is time by the sweat of his own brow.! for slavery, but black Amerithe white American assumed With the blood and tears of c a has better to do for itself for himself the obligation of his own body, the Negro has ; than to spend the same time enduring the knowledge that, begun to act out his belief in apologizing for having been under our principles of dem- those principles. Understand- set free. ocratic government, white- ably, some act out of avowed Of course, t h e NAACP, ness of skin does not confer hostility and with unneces- CORE, the Urban League— advantage or exemption sary belligerence; but most indebted to those white segfrom the operation of the with decorum and taste that ments of American society !aw. comes from setting a firm that contribute mightily to their programs—have to obLet the white American— foot on solid ground. serve a tempo of progress in whether with a weeping or gnashing of teeth—face up to Let white America, if it t h e i r racial activities that will not alienate these fundgiving groups.

On the other h a n d , the Federal government need have no such hesitations. Its basic problem is to maintain a going society; its r o o t responsibility is to the citizenry as a whole and not to one segment or another.

That is why a disciplined surveillance must be maintained over the Community Relations Service, created (From Student Non-Vio'ent under the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and gotten underway Coordinating Committee's "Voice") August of this year. . . .

The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, J .

One thing is certain: if its Edgar Hoover, could spend his time more wisely finding solutions a r e obtained by the midnight bombers, arsonists and murderers throughout persuading the Negro comthe South and directing his agents to use their powers under munity to swallow b a c k Federal law to make on the spot arrests of Southern police- righteous indignation so as men who daily deny Negroes their constitutional rights, not to upset the white comthan in trying to justify the historic failure of the F B I to make any concrete advances in assuring that Southern Negroes can exercise the simplest rights that most Americans Truth About Loans to take for granted. ~ " Developing Nations The F B I , especially under ers of Louis Allen and GoodCAIRO, Egypt — An ediHoover, is incapable of per- man, Schwerner and Chaney. torial in a recent issue of the The F B I under Hoover has forming this task. Such a Arab Observer, "the nontask would require arresting come to stand for an organimany of the law enforce- zation that can not protect aiigned weekly" magazine, ment officials with whom the any person, in his attempt to explodes a popular notion F B I works with and cooper- register to vote. that developing countries deates with daily in the course The F B I under Hoover has pend primarily for their deof their investigations. come to stand for an organi- velopment on international For Negroes the F B I has zation that disregards Fed- loans. become part of the oppres- eral laws for the sake of lo"Only 2 per cent of their cal officials. sion of the South. national income has been We h a v e repeatedly emThe F B I under Hoover has come to mean, "the man" phasized that the F B I has given to developing counand the police state to South- the power to act and to make tries in the form of loans by arrests without warrants for ern Negroes. 'any offense a g a i n s t the the World Bank," the ediThe F B I under Hoover has United States committed in torial declared. come to mean an organiza- their presence;" and arrest ' The other 98 per cent tion that stands and watches anybody they believe h a s comes from the countries' as Negroes are beaten in committed a felony if they resources. On the o t h e r Selma, Ala. because it is an have reasonable grounds to hand, 56 per cent of the loans "investigatory agency." believe that the person has advanced by the Bank went The F B I under Hoover has committed such a felony. to t w o highly - developed come to mean an organizaIt is now time to end the countries, namely Japan and tion that can't find the kill- Hoover version of the F B I . Britain."

Students Say FBI Part at Negroes' Dixie Oppression

LITTLE LYNN GREGORY holds sign advertising the national "Christmas For Mississippi" campaign to airlift some 20,000 turkeys to deprived Mississippians and their families for the holidays. Leading the drive is comedian Dick Gregory, (I.) assisted by civil rights leader Nahaz Rogers, John Gibson and Clifton Laws. munity, then thd Community Relations Service lacks understanding of t h e dimensions of the job to be done.

Race is this country's chief barrier to maturity. If the CRS fails to be up and doing, prefers to convince itself and

the world of its vitality by displays of statistics, then in the face of automation, already inaugurating changes in our established social system, America may find itself ill prepared to cope with the necessities of the future, and indeed may not survive.

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JANUARY 1, 1965

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

11

Eyes on the Congo?

Egypt's N e w A r m y M a y Back Africa's F r e e d o m Struggle CAIRO—Egyptian resentment against the invasion of the Congo by the West is especially real as everyone here remembers when Egypt was invaded in 1956 by France, England and Israel to force it to give up control of the Suez Canal.

Unwelcome Guest

WHAT EGYPT thinks of Moise Tshombe, regarded by most Africans as the dangerous black flunkey for white supremacy, is shown in this photo taken in Cairo. The puppet was attempting to crash uninvited into the conference of NonAligned Nations. Tshombe is one of the strongest arguments for Egypt's military alliance with like-minded independent nations in Eastern Europe and Asia.

President Gamal A b d e 1 Nasser is determined that Egypt will never again be "another Congo," — a playground for w h i t e supremacy imperialists.

But not depending upon "resolutions" in the UN or upon the "fair-mindedness" of Western powers to stop colonial aggression, President Nasser has welcomed home from M o s c o w his chief Field Marshall Abdel Hakim A m e r with new agreements for Soviet military support of the U.A.R. Even before the military intervention in the Congo by Western f o r c e s , the farsighted Nasser had accepted an invitation from Russia's new Premier Alexei Kosygin to review Egyptian-Soviet military relations in line with a continuance of Russian a i d in helping to build the Egyptian military arm.

Amer's visit to Moscow and the obvious improved Soviet-Arab relationship is said to have caused more consternation in European | circles than even the de-1i COMMANDER-IN-chief of the United Arab Republic's armed nounciation of Western poli-1' forces who recently won agreements with the new Russian cies by African nationa in i leaders for continued support for the development of Egyptian military forces. An invasion of Egypt by foreign forces—such the UN. "The fact of the matter as that which occured in the Congo—came when President is," one European official Nasser assumed control over the Suez canal. Egypt is deterstated, "most black African mined that it shall never happen again and pledges to aid nations may talk militantly, other African nations to repel such invasions. but Egypt and Algeria are getting, from the socialist | tions in the UN." ing concrete aid to rebels in nations, the military hardA nightmare to the West such African enslaved terriware to back up their talk has been the fact that Presi- tories as Mozambique, Anwith more than just resolu- dent Nasser may be ready-1 gola, South Africa.

African and Asian Birth Rates Still Top Europe 2 to 1, But High Death Toll Offsets Advances WASHINGTON —Nigeria is now the largest black times higher than the United nations have adequate vital statistics," the PBR release nation and has replaced Great Britain as the 9th largest States death rate of 9.6. country in the world, according to figures released here Oddly enough, however, declared.

The People's Republic of by the Population Reference Bureau. the world's l o w e s t death China is by far the biggest rate, according to PopulaNigeria assumed its place [ among the top 10 nations in trol of the non-white popu- tion Reference Bureau sta- nation in the world, with a tistics, lies in Asia, where population of more than 690 population after its recent lation. crowded Hong Kong is listed million. The PBR projection census revealed the W e s t While the b i r t h rate in as having a death rate of 5.5 indicates China's population African country has 56 mil- most A f r i c a n and Asian —better than the 6.2 Israel, will be increased by 150 million persons, a figure 19 millands is more than double I which among the white na- lion people by 1980. lion more than the highest previous estimate by ex- that of white European coun-j tions, has the lowest death Behind China and India perts. The present popula- tries, the highest death rates | rate. tion is expected to swell to in the world—because of the According to PBR, the Film Shows Slavery lack of medical and general j only Asian lands having "re91 million by 1980. in World of Today The high birth rate of Af- health facilities — are regis- | liable birth and death statistered in African and Asian jtics" are Israel, Ceylon, MaNEW YORK — Many perrican, A s i a n and S o u t h American countries is still a nations. African countries laysia, Taiwan, Japan and sons of the Western world, who like to think that physigreat nightmare to the West with the highest death rates ! Hong Kong. and Europe, where the clam- include Guinea, with 33-35 I "Virtually every European cal slavery virtually was or for "population control" deaths per 1,000 population, nation has excellent d a t a ; stamped out in the 19th Cenhas reached almost hysteri- and the Ivory Coast, 33-37— and in the Americas, about tury, will be shocked at the cal heights; that is, the con- figures more than t h r e e half of the Latin American feature-length documentary

(468.5 million) among the world's 10 largest nations are: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, 229 million; the United States, 192 million; Indonesia, 102 million; Pakistan, 101 million; Japan, 97 million; Brazil, 80 million; Nigeria and W e s t Germany, tied at 56 million each, and the United Kingdom, 54 million. film, "Slave Trade in t h e World Today," playing at two theaters here.

Compiled by a team of Italian photographers under the supervision of Roberto Malenotti, the director, t h e f i l m underlines pernicious p r a c t i c e s by oil - rich Arabians.

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

12

in W o m e n ' s

JANUARY 1, 1965

Court:

Pooiv Black

Women Under Pressure, IV

By Mark Howard Most of the women called up before the bench in Women's Courts all across this land are poor black women, trapped in the teeming ghettos, caught up in the backwash of big-city flotsam and jetsam and broken on the wheel of misfortune.

Statistics provided by the social service department of certain policeman, cc o u rr t "You shouldn't have created the Municipal Court of Chi- clerk, lawyer or the judge. a disturbance in the tav"I'll bet that is going ern." cago, reflecting the national The j u d g e gave her a to give me 30 days just for situation, show that more Negro women than whites loitering," one young wom- stern, but nevertheless, polite warning and dismissed are arrested for such mis- an said.

"Naw, b a b y , " said an-, the case. demeanors as prostitution, "Violet Radcliffe and Billy loitering, disorderly conduct, other. "Ainf you got a lawNelson," said the clerk. attempted suicide, p e t t y yer?"

This particular case in"Nope." theft, etc., and face a stern "Then you going to jail for volved two middle-class Nejudge in a crowded, dismal sure," was the quick asser- gro women who had been incourtroom. volved in a bitter struggle Figures for 1962 in one tion.

About 85 per cent of the for the possession of an old m a j o r city revealed that Negro Venetian hand-made robe.

5,823 non-white females were defendants w e r e A smile stole across the brought into Women's Court!women, surrounded by a as c o m p a r e d with 3 689 [scattering of Indians, Puerto 1 f a c e o f Assistant State s AtRicans and Southern poor torney Nello Garmbardino whites. when he asked one of the It was noted further that whites.

During the short morning women why she had waited "unemployment is h i g h among the women appear- recess, a Negro girl in her 18 years to charge the other ing in court. Two out of teens nervously asked for a with theft of the robe. " I couldn't find her," she every three were not em- cigarette. She q u i c k l y ployed. Many have no regu- snatched one from the pack answered.

The next day, the woman ; Iar income and are in need and asked, "Are you a cop?" j of food, c l o t h i n g and "No," I replied as she in- returned the worn and tathaled deeply on the ciga- tered r o b e , which hardly [ shelter." seemed worth all the fuss — In the Women's Court of rette.

"Court is in session," the and that was that.

Chicago — a part of the body is so full of narcotics ! city's Municipal Court sys- white bailiff barked, "Judge The court's attention was that the doctors could n o t tem — one day, a burly, of- Marilyn Komosa presiding! distracted momentarily by a haggard old woman who sat even take a simple blood ficious white bailiff strode Everybody on your feet."

"Janice DuPort," t h e ; among a dejected row of down the aisle, tapping peotest from you?" drunks, fugitives from Skid Out of an unrelenting ner- ple on the shoulder to keep clerk shouted as he searched Row. She had begun crying through a pile of legal docuj them awake and to make vousness, the woman feigns and couldn't control herself. a smile and b e g i n s to I certain that prisoners did ments. A pretty Negro wom"If ya' don't shut up I'll an in her late twenties i not wander out of the courtcough. lock ya' up again," warned room. Two Negro bailiffs—a strolled up to the bench, con"When did you have your man and a woman—laughed ! siderably fatigued from a the stout Negro woman bailiff. last fix?" asks the judge. and joked with the prison- j night spent in jail.

"I'm sorry, mommy," she [ ers, assuring them t h e y "You've been doing a little "I-I-think about 3 o'clock cried.

"I'm sorry, mommy. yesterday." The judge nods would receive a fair hearing. excessive drinking., haven't I'll be a good girl."

Well-dressed lawyers scruyou lady?" the judge asked. and tells the woman that she The c o u r t clerk peered is being sent to the House of ! tinized the crowd in an at- The girl admitted that she over his reading glasses and tempt to recognize t h e i r had, but added it was she Correction Hospital. T h e called, "Wille Lee, Lenora woman says thanks, smiles clients the morning after who had called the police Kozier and Ozell Jordan!" their arrest. when an unknown man had again and limps out of the They were being charged Several w o m e n rocked chased her into a tavern. courtroom. One of the clerks with selling alcoholic beverbabies in their arms, while "But that's what the court whispers to the other as he the prostitutes t a l k e d in is concerned with in this ages without a liquor li"hip" undertones about a case," the j u d g e replied. ( C o n t i n u e d on page 13) ( C o n t i n u e d on page 13)

Before the Bench:

Does the Woman

Addict Fare Worst?

(Special to Muhammad Speaks) Out of the despair and the inexorable g l o o m of a crowded courtroom in Chicago, a woman charged with prostitution s t a g g e r s towards the judge's bench when her name is called.

The judge and the arrogant city clerks shuffle through a pile of documents while the nan gazes at them and > j< me a t t e m p t to ;• twitching arms, •is .Hiking and silent as clerk reads aloud the barges against her. A po;eman scans a comic book.

'Lady," the judge said, "do you realize that your

JANUARY 1, 1965

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

13

Women: Alone And Without Defenders (Continued from page 12)

cense by a young policeman was a prostitute and therewho admitted that he never fore, arrested her for loiterwitnessed any liquor being ing, which is considered a sold during a "quarter par- vice arrest. ty."

"Now, how in the hell The two w o m e n com- i could he have arrested her [jig: plained that the cop confis- for loitering when she was cated 100 bottles of beer, al- driving her car? Of course, though he had no proof that ! the case was thrown out of they w e r e selling liquor. court, but that poor woman However, t h e i r relative, ; had to suffer the humiliation Ozell, was caught with 400 .of b e i n g arrested and plugger advertisements for ;booked." the party clearly indicating Scheffler admitted t h a t the price of beverages. both Negro and white womJudge Komosa discharged en h a v e been illegally arthe case, but warned Ozell: ; rested for vice, but declined " I think you're the real cul- • further comment when he prit here." ; was asked if such cases in" I don't know why that jvolved a majority of Negro cop took me in,," said a women. mother, holding her 3-month" I remember another illeold baby. " I was sitting in a j gal a r r e s t that involved restaurant e a t i n g lunch ! women who were, in this inwhen this cop walks over j cident, p r o b a b l y prostiand says to me, 'What are itutes," Scheffler continued. you doing?' 'I'm eating my "Several cops were maklunch,' I says. 'Who are you ing arrests in a cathouse on waiting for?' he asks. the 4700 block on Calumet " I told him I wasn't wait- Ave. Two remained outside ing for anyone. 'I'm arrest- and one officer spotted about ing you on suspicion of pros- five girls running out of the titution,' he said, and that cathouse next door, which was that." they thought had been abanHer case was later dis- doned for demolition. missed. But a case of illegal "He says to them, 'Stop or arrest such as the preceding I'll shoot!' The girls stopped one is not an isolated inci- and were arrested for loiterdent. Women's Court Public ing, but the case was thrown Defender H e n r y Scheffler | out of court because the related the following ac- girls in question were not count : | loitering. They were running "Once, I recall that a po- down the street." liceman made a false arrest A l o n g list of bizarrely of a young Negro woman dressed women was called who was driving an expen- off by the clerk and comsive car on the Outer Drive mented on each name by towards the Loop (down- saying, "She's clean," or town Chicago).

"No report." This meant "She had not violated any that either the woman had traffic law, as I remember, been examined in the vebut he ordered her to pull nereal disease clinic soon over for questioning any- after her arrest and was way.

He questioned her as found to have no venereal to where she was going. She disease, or that there was no said that she was headed for examination papers for her. the train station to pick up According to a public her husband, and I believe health code, each female ofhe said that her auto had an fender arrested on a vice out-of-state license plate. charge must be physically "He must have confused examined by the jail physiher with some other woman cian before she is brought because he alleged that she to trial.

ulogy For A Slain Singer

The Fate of Female Addicts (Continued

motions towards the woman, "Pothead."

This scene is repeated every day, with amazing similarity, in c o u r t r o o m s throughout the c o u n t r y .

There a r e approximately 300,000 narcotics addicts in the U.S., about 100,000 of that number live in New York.

Although many authorities state that a dope addict is not a violent person while he is "flying," or in a euphoric state of mind from the drugs, addicts must commit crimes of violence, in most cases, because their habit c o s t s them from $25 to $250 per day.

The addict is caught up in a terrific squeeze play when

from

page

12)

the price of the drugs is in creased by the "pusher," or i •:;:•:• the "junkie," and his crimes ;:::.:: accordingly grow more serious, from petty larceny to murder.

But further investigation shows that the Narcotics Bureau has largely ignored this interpretation of the law and has resorted to an enforcepopular singment policy that does not THE SLAIN SAM COOKE punish the obviously guilty ing star, and heavyweight boxing champion party—the big white dealer. of the world, Muhammad All, were close friends. The singer, who was a native ChiThe American approach to cagoan, was one of the first to personally drug addiction assumes that congratulate AH after he won the title from the addict is necessarily an Sonny Liston in Miami. In the photo above, inhuman, degenerated indi- taken in Miami last February, the two young vidual whose presence rep- friends listen to a tape recording. Cooke resents a growing threat to was one of eight children of the Rev. and Mrs. Charles Cooke of Chicago. At an early ( C o n t i n u e d on page 22)

age, he sang as a member of the gospel choir of his father's church, but when he turned to popular music and records, he skyrocketed to fame and fortune. He was the father of two small children. In the photo at bottom, Muhammad All has the sad duty to attend funeral services for his friend in Chicago. At left is L. C . Cooke, brother of Sam, Mrs. Cooke, the widow and the boxing champion, right.

JANUARY 1, 1965

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

14

Corruption' In Case of Rights Killers Sees Tofa/

California, Here We Come

WASHINGTON, D. C.—A Negro leader from Mississippi said here the release of the suspects in the slaying of three civil rights workers near Philadelphia, Miss., points up the "total corruption" of the Southern state's political machinery.

— e.MAJ'eo "Freeing the alleged con- that is Mississippi, now is spirators in the triple civil: the time, and the U.S. House r i g h t s slaying in Missis- of Representatives is t h e sippi," said Lawrence Guy- place. The 430 non - Missisot, chairman of the Missis- sippians of the House" now sippi Freedom Democratic have the c h a n c e to tell P a r t y , "is just another "Mississippi that the people example of the total corrup- of the United States will no tion of the Mississippi politi- longer tolerate the conditions which exist there." cal structure."

The election challenge was G u y o t , h e r e for the MFDP's challenge to the served on the five Mississipelection of five white Missis- pi Congressmen on Decem; sippi Congressmen, said the ber 5, in accordance w i t h 1 U.S. J u s t i c e Department the provisions of Title 2, : could hardly have been too U.S. Code, Section 201. The j surprised that the Federal Congressmen have 30 days I judicial system in Mississip- in which to answer the chalj pi is used to protect racists. lenge.

The procedure provided in "This has been going on for a hundred years," Guy- the statute for gathering eviot observed. "Every white dence to present to Congress man in Mississippi knows will take until July 1. At that it's always open season that time all the evidence in and no bag limit on black the case will be presented to the House of Representapeople in Mississippi. tives, where the subcommit"The fact that two of the tee on elections of the House three victims in this c a s e Administration Committee, were whites is merely an in- will decide whether or not to dication of the determination hold public hearings before of the Mississippi political submitting its recommendastructure to maintain white tions to the whole House for supremacy. They'll e v e n final action. c o n d o n e the slaughter of whites, if that's w h a t it takes."

7,000 Refugees In discussing the MFDP's one method of "helping" the Flee Terror in challenge of the election of image of the state. t h e Mississippi CongressIn Jackson the Council men, Guyot denied the move Mozambique of Federated Organizations was an attempt to "punish" DAR-ES-SALAAM, Tanga(COFO) charged that the Mississippi. nyika — Fleeing vicious Pormoney could be better used "We are merely asking in tuguese atrocities in their improving the educational our challenge that the House homeland, more than 7,000 and teaching facilities at the recognize the simple fact national refugees from Moschool rather than using the that the rigidly segregated zambique are living in Tanschool and its band to pro- and undemocratic political ganyika. mote the state of Mississippi. system in that state, which An official of the LiberaA worker for the Stu- disenfranchises 428,600 Ne- tion Front of Mozambique dent Nonviolent Coordinat- groes, has by that fact dis- said here that the Portuing Committee (SNCC) said qualified itself from partici- guese imperialists h a v e here, " I won't be surprised pation in the U.S. Congress," mounted a terroristic campaign that spares no memif the entire 110 piece band Guyot asserted. asks for asylum in California He said that if America ber of Mozambique's oprather than return to Missis- finally is going "to do some- pressed black majority — sippi." thing a b o u t the barbarism women, children or the aged.

Why Mississippi is Sending Negro Band to California ITTA BENA, Miss. — An attempt to improve this state's image in the eyes of the nation has led to the raising of over $13,000 in order to send an all Negro College band to the Rose Bowl Parade.

Former Governor Hugh White, who acted as chairman of the fund raising drive to send the Mississippi Valley State College band to Pasadena said, "How can anyone say that Mississippi doesn't take care of its citizens both black and white."

White, who a few weeks

earlier had advocated the raising of one and a half million dollars to enable a State official to go on nationwide television to "correct" t h e image of Mississippi said, "as far as I know, organizations such as COFO and the NAACP had made no contributions."

It is widely known that the state has suffered economically as a result of the racial violence which grew out of the Mississippi Summer Project and it is believed that White undertook the job as fund raising chairman as

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MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

15

Book Reviews

By Lindsay Patterson (Associated Negro Press) When I first saw a copy of Dick Gregory's autobiography, "Nigger," I recoiled at the title. The very reality of seeing that word in print splashed across the front ALWAYS IN the thick of the civil rights strations against segregation. In his recent of the book, stirred in my mind a horror like Jews must struggle, comedian Dick Gregory shown here autobiography, the famous comedian details feel whenever they see a swastika. But once I finished marching in front line of Baltimore demona saga of pride, poverty and progress. the book, I don't see how Mr. Gregory could have called it anything else. chairman.

Kenya for Yugoslavia where UAR Revokes The committee also de- the students will continue It is a beautifully d o n e paralleled study in human cided to introduce a new t h e i r educational studies. book. Full of humor, pathos endurance and tenacity. I All Private system for using hard curand pain, but not the self-(doubt that anyone w o u l d Their courses will c o v e r rency. pity one finds in so m a n y envy Gregory this particular Import Permits These decisions are a con- periods ranging from two to autobiographies. Most im-, period in his life. tinuation of earlier steps to five years. portantly, Dick G r e g o r y ; This book offers too, GregCAIRO, Egypt—In a re- cut government expenditure emerges as a mature man, •ory's point of view on his one who has tasted, and involvement in the c i v i l cent move, the government at home and abroad.

NEW & USED been almost engulfed by, the r i g h t s demonstrations in of the United Arab Republic undertow which entraps the : Mississippi and Alabama. became the country's only PLUMBING 70 Kenya Students After reading his account, importer. underprivileged.

SUPPLIES Study in Yugoslavia Gregory has t r u l y tri- no one should have any The decision to cancel all NAIROBI, K e n y a — A umphed over countless ob- doubt as to his sincerity in import permits issued to priAT TERRIFIC DISCOUNTS stacles and escaped relative- those much publicized ex- vate firms was made by a group of 70 students l e f t OPEN MONDAY Iy unscarred, but he has not penences.

UAR planning committee, THRU SATURDAY made the mistake of thinkNear the end of the book, under the direction of Prime THE MUSLIMS PRESENT A 8 A.M. TO 6 P.M. ing that the world is his 1 Mr. Gregory gives an ac- Minister Aly S a b r y, the oyster now. He is too much count of a speech he made in a rafter-packed church in of a realist for that.

Mr. Gregory begins his S e 1 m a, Alabama, which INSURANCE AT WHITE EAGLE HALL story with an account of his s e e m s t o d e f i n e > and a 1 s o 1650 MARYLAND AVE. ex lai n h i s c h o i c e of tA h U e TO - FIRE - LIFE early life. His father had P . ' BUDGET TERMS G A R Y , INDIANA deserted the f a m i l y , and title of his book.

Mr. Gregory said: "Every Phone Fl 6-7487 FRANK L. WILLIAMS when he does come back TUES., DECEMBER 2 2 1002 Buchanan St. briefly o n e Christmas, it white man in America knows 4302 S. Pkwy.

Chicago, III. 4 : 0 0 to 1 0 : 0 0 P.M. 998 McAllister turns out to be a horribly we are Americans, knows live Musical Entertainment and Acts i LI 8-5871 we are Negroes, and some Subscription Ticket $1.00—At Door $1.50 traumatic experience.

San Francisco, Cal. It was a life of welfare, of t h e m know us by our "mama slaving over a hot name. So when he calls us s t o v e in the white folks' a nigger, he's calling us kitchen," not enough f o o d something we are not, someto eat nor clothes to wear. thing that exists only in his It is not an unfamiliar exist- mind. So if n i g g e r exists ence to many Negroes, but only in his mind, who's the as Gregory tells it, it some- nigger?" how takes on new dimension WATCH REPAIR RING SfZING and epic proportion.

Perhaps, the most fasci- f . C , WEDDING BEAUTIFUL RINGS WATCH BANDS nating episode in "Nigger," PARK MANOR is those few months before SALES A APPLIANCE CO. Mr. Gregory hit the bigtime St., Chicaio, III. as a comedian. It is an un- I 368 E. 71st TR 4-3800

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MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

16

en

By Tynetta Deanar

America s t i l l entertains doubts and resigns himself to the position of—let's wait and see.

How long will the black people of America deny this g r e a t man the honor deserved for his tireless efforts in doing what no other man could bear or endure?

The world awaits to see if the word of Muhammad will prove true. Is your future and that of your children so insignificant, in your view, that you will not study in advance the message of Allah's Spokesman?

If you can prove that his warnings to the black and man that he places his fuwhite nations are based upon ture in the hands of those falsehood, your p r e s e n t who can hate with a smile course of rejection is justifi- and pretend friendship as an The day cometh, reveals able; but if you cannot dis- arbitrator of justice hinder- the Holy Qur-an, when every prove his message nor pro- ing your learning of your nation and people will be pose a more elevating and own people and civilization? brought to its knees to read productive program for the its record. What is in the so-called American Negro, If the world is reported to near future? Wait and see, there is only remaining a brief period in which you Operator, How's The Weather? must decide in favor of Muhammad if your future is to materialize.

AN EXPERT on household hints, Mrs. Betty X West and her husband Leroy X West maintain their improvisation ingenuity as, i.e., they designed the above background by gluing felt to the wall and gluing arabic letters to felt. ("In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful . . .") Between them stand replica of one of the guards of King Tutakemman's tomb, which they painted black and gold.

The black women of America who believe it is more noble to integrate than to separate ( n o t segregate) from their persecutors, ask upon what system of logic and principles have you decided that you can live at peace with your enemies?

The settlement of the 400 y e a r s of racial strife in America can never be resolved through integration, for the seed of hate that germinated when the white race was created cannot be destroyed u n t i l they are grafted back into the Original Man (black man), teaches our spiritual leader, Messenger Muhammad.

There is no other place in the world where integration is regarded as a settlement between the colonized and the colonists, or between the indigenous inhabitants a n d their foreign dominators.

Household Hints From Young San Francisco Homemaker

By Betty X W e s t I personally have become a righteous homemaker in every sense of the word for the first time in my life.

My husband and I are living far better lives now, entire thing may cost only than we ever did before be- $5, but if you purchased the coming followers of Mr. Mu- same type of seat in a dehammad. In our classes, partment store it may cost among other t h i n g s , we as much as $25. have learned interior decoThe so - called Negro has rating and how to spend our been offered an opportunity Today, it is, a question of money wisely on u s e f u l to become future leaders things, rather than on furni- and rulers of the earth. returning to what was. It is ture so expensive you are Through Messenger Muham- a question of the right of PHOTO OF THE WEEK shows 8-month-old Dijah X Williams afraid to let people sit on mad's vast program we are ownership and the right to son of Fred and Katherine 2X of San Francisco, checking with them. given the supreme wisdom self-rule. Wherever integra- weather bureau before going out on a cold West Coast day. of which no other people or tion has occurred, it has inI have learned how to save nation has been given. In his flicted deep wounds of prej- be m o r e advanced today then, if you do not believe my husband money by devarious classes especially udice and discrimination be- ! than in any period in history, the word of Muhammad tosigning and making my own the M.G.T. and G.C.C. (Mus- tween castes a n d classes why has the elementary les- day. The Qur-an also states clothes, making pictures out lim Girls Training and Gen- throughout the world. What son of loving one's fellow that we, too, are waiting; of felt that stick to the wall, eral Civilization Class) and is wrong with the white man? man been erased from t h e but which side are you on? drawing my own pictures F.O.I. (Fruit of Islam) we Why is he so intolerant of slate of progress and ignored and filling the outlines with are taught knowledge of self the black man? Or rather, by this particular race? mosaic rocks.

Ghana's Radio Sets and God and of our enemies. what is wrong with the black They were sent prophets, I have also learned how to ACCRA — Ghana has anreformers and hundreds of cover chairs, couches, make nounced the production of its j righteous m e n preaching curtains and drapes, shoji own radio sets as part of its GIANT SAVINGS EVENT brotherhood throughout their screens and many o t h e r history, yet, they have never program of industrial indethings that I had no knowlSuper Values Throughout Our Store pendence and self-developI reformed. edge of before coming into ment. the Nation of Islam. All When the Honorable Elijah Called the "Akasanoma" Muhammad teaches our peo- sets, they are manufactured praises are due to Allah for ple that the white man was in Temea by the State-owned our leader and teacher bemade hating the black man, Ghana Electronic Products cause if it were not for him, 1892 FULTON STREET 218 RALPH AVENUE who can argue the contrary Corporation and will go on my husband and I would PR 1-9110 when his history has record- s a l e in 1965. The sets probably still be smoking, BROOKLYN, NEW YORK ed the testimony? drinking, and doing wicked WE RESERVE THE RIGHT TO LIMIT QUANTITIES are produced entirely by Each passing day draws Ghanaians. things completely against DEL MONTE PINE-GRAPEFRUIT DRINK 46 „ . 29' closer to the hour when no our nature.

CADET DOG FOOD 3 f<» 29' man or people can turn back QUALITY MEAT BUYS HERE ARE REAL BUYS! Here is a helpful hint!

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ably wouldn't mind because he would know that he is doDEAR HARRIETT: I read one of your articles that ap- ing it for a worthy and appeared some time ago—it was reprinted in my hometown preciative family. paper and my grandmother sent it to me last week and * * * asked me to get in touch with you. Here is my problem: Something on your mind?

My husband is willing, but i Write and tell me about it. we just have enough money j i t d u e y o u ? All of you would Harriett Muhammad to barely make the ends benefit from this.

2405 W. 18th St. meet. We are trying to get Los Angeles, Calif. 90019 Time is short and so is ! our bills consolidated, but I money, so why don't you ; don't know whether we have plan to make Christmas day ! lived in California l o n g a family unification day? Go Ghanaian Students !enough. out as a family and give the in European Schools Christmas is at hand and children a treat. Tell and ACCRA, Ghana — Sixtywe have three children who show them how much you four Ghanaian students have | are all ragged. It seems we love and care for them—tell left recently for f u r t h e r i won't have any Christmas at them of the things that YOU study in Poland and the Gerare going to get for them man Democratic Republic. ; all. soon and then be sure to Two groups of students In your article, you said keep your word Later you j are in Poland. Twenty-eight we could get some money to help out a little. Will you can get them the things that j scholars, including a girl, please explain this to me? I they N E E D (why buy a lot | are taking courses in mediwant to know if I am able to of toys if they are ragged?). | cine, agriculture and civil get help.

Now, about getting mon- engineering. The s e c o n d —MRS. O.M. working, you don't qualify group of 16 Ghanaian stuLos Angeles, Cal. ey: Since you and your hus- dents are pursuing various band are together and he is courses covering periods DEAR MRS. O. M.: for any type of governmen- from five to six years.

Twenty students are enI don't know how you feel tal aid, to my knowledge. about C h r i s t m a s , but I The only alternative is to do rolled in classes in the Gerwould like you to stop and extra work. If you're not man Democratic Republic, think about what it has be- working and are able to get for a period of four to six DISPLAYING a delicious three-layer sweet chocolate cake come. Underneath all the someone to care for your years. ready for eating is smiling Miss Nedra Everly of Chicago. tinsel and glitter there is a children, why not get a job? commercial drive to get 7 If you want to get out of a SHABAZZ people to buy, buy, buy, in financial rut quickly, I sugorder to benefit commerce.

NOVELTY SHOP But what about the benefits gest your husband getting another full-time job.

He canImported African-Asian to people who, like you, are Objects of Art just barely making e n d s handle it if he is healthy and Jewelry • Leather • Gift Items determined—for at least two SIS. EUNICE, PROP. A young sociologist of the near future, who spends her meet? months. There are many weekends preparing marvelous and delicious "goodies" in You feel obliged to bor- family men w o r k i n g 16 470 CONVENT AVE. the kitchen, offers her recipe for "Sweet Chocolate Cake" row, get credit, or ask ways (Nr. 151st ST.) hours a day and they are to the readers of MUHAMMAD SPEAKS. to get money so that you can making it. It's no fun, but if NEW YORK CITY Miss Nedra Everly, a stu- ~ , give your children a R E A L AU 1 -0428 . r . _ , T .

350-degree oven 35 to 40 Christmas. You feel that you encourage him and dent at Southeast J u n i o r m j n u t e s make it pleasant for him Mon. thru Fri. 9 A.M. to 7 P.M. there can be no Christmas when he is home, he probSaturdays 9 A.M. to 1 1 P.M. College, spends her week! , _T ..x ICING: Melt one 4-ounce without gifts, at least for days in arduous pursuit of a; b a r o f s w e e t c h o c o l a t e your a n d children. If you mandegree in sociology, leaving o n e tablespoon of butter in age to get gifts for them, usher free to cook on the week- one-fourth cup of water over ually at a great personal ends. a low heat. Combine one cup sacrifice, you tell them that "You must never, ever ° f sifted powdered sugar they came from " S a n t a bake a chocolate cake with- and a dash of salt. Gradu- Claus." So who gets their out buttermilk," she smil- a l l y s t i r in chocolate mix- love and gratitude? — some ingly admonished. "The first t u r e a n d a half teaspoon ofTHING that doesn't exist.

Why don't you take the credbite always will tell the dif- vanilla. Blend well, ference."

By Harriett Muhammad

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JANUARY 1, 1965

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

18

Black African Presidents Utilize Poetry To Portray Struggle For Liberation CAIRO, Egypt—Publication of militant poems from Guinea's President Sekou Toure added new luster to the list of black African presidents whose political prowess is matched by high literary accomplishments.

In "Poemes Militants" written in French and re- long as an inferior being, viewed in the weekly maga- the African woman addresszine, Arab Observer—Presi- es herself to the men: dent Toure expresses the One of the better - known determination of the African poems by Senegal's Presipeople in their struggle for dent Leopold Sedar Senghor freedom, and indicates the is his "New York": importance he f e e l s the 1 have known you i n the hour emancipation of the African of baptism. woman will play in the overU n d e r the white colonist's all picture.

Cruel bullets, President Toure's literary U n d e r the district achievements place him in commissioner's the company of Senegal's Pitiless whiplash.

President L e o p o l d Sedar Your staunchness and selfSenghor, who is internationsacrifice ally known for his creations.

I n those days of sheer savagery In its review of the colH a v e taught the people T o rise and answer T h e c a l l to battle.

A n d M a n rose; and he began to march With firm step.

He began to advance W i t h step ever quicker.

H e grew wings A n d he flew L i k e the eagle that commands space.

B o r n e on the wings of T i m e I want to voyage— T h e children at my breast S h a l l grow up proud and free B o r n e on the wings of T i m e .

M y flanks are heavy F o r they fashion pain A n d they fashion hope.

M y finger points to the historic sign F i x e d on the horizon future.

F o r together we shall

of

the follow

the way T h a t leads towards riches; Towards the wind of the spirit: Be confident A n d put your faith I n your sister W h o was loved;

made

to love

and

be

W h o was made for the promise of life; W h o was made for the redemption of M a n .

M y heart bursts into flower O n the surface of the universe.

I have only forgetfulness F o r your brutality A n d scorn i n the past.

New York!

I say to you: New York, let into your T h a t i t may your steel

black blood flow blood r u b the rust from joints, like a n oil

of life, That i t may give to your bridges the bend of buttocks and the suppleness of creepers.

Now r e t u r n the most ancient times, the unity recovered, the reconciliation of the L i o n the B u l l and the T r e e T h o u g h t l i n k e d to act ear to heart, sign to sense.

T h e r e a r e your rivers m u r m u r i n g with scented crocodiles and mirage-eyed manatees.

A n d no need to invent the Sirens.

B u t i t is enough to open the eyes to the rainbow of A p r i l A n d the ears, above a l l the ears, to God who out of the L a u g h of a saxophone created the heaven and the earth in six days.

A n d the seventh the great sleep

day he slept of the N e g r o .

President Sekou Toure

Pakistan Decrees No Exports to S. Africa KARACHI, Pakistan—The government of Pakistan recently banned all exports to South Africa, backed up by official instructions forbidding Pakistan shipping companies to send ships into South Afican harbors.

The decision — already taken by a number of other nations — to cut all trade relations was made, according to a government spokesman, "to give effeqt to all provisions of the United Na-

tions General Assembly resolution of Nov. 6, 1962," which recommended an economic and diplomatic boycott of South Africa in an effort to force the white minority regime to abandon apartheid.

Ghanaians to Norway ACCRA, Ghana — Participating in "an agreement signed between Norway and Ghana," 17 Ghanaian students left here recently by air for Norway, where they will spend from two and half to three years studying marine engineering.

O F F I C I A L J E W E L R Y F O R THE BROTHERS AND SISTERS YUSUF A. X CORPORATION President Senghor lection of f o u r poems by President Toure, the Arab Observer noted: "At first sight, t h e s e poems seem to be inspired by the actual life of the Guinean people. . . . The p o e m s have, however, a wider connotation and speak for Africa. African evolution demands that the people's destiny be taken care of by a strong political party, conscious of the people's deepest aspirations . . . " as found in Toure's "Nomage to the Democratic Party of Guinea": His poem, "The Lament of the African Woman," the A r a b Observer declares, "makes it quite clear that for Sekou Toure the emancipation and progress of the African woman constitutes a vital factor in the establishment of justice and social progress.

"Here is part of the woman's lament. Considered for

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JANUARY 1, 1965

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

19

The Cocaine Co-op wwgcxc c Pus ic®iTieo T h e H o n o r a b l e E l i j a h M u h a m m a d and his teachings have perhaps cured more black victims of the narcotics racket t h a n any single method i n the country.

M r . Muhammad's results have f r a n k l y amazed many psychiatrists, doctors and officials who have sought similar results and failed.

T h e r e has been nothing, however, mysterious or secretive about M r . M u h a m m a d ' s f o r m u l a . By giving the black m a n a b e l i e f i n himself, by creating pride and dignity w i t h i n h i m , by giving h i m a knowledge of his past and f u t u r e potentials and by giving h i m m e a n i n g f u l activity, M r . M u h a m m a d ' s program contains many elements omitted by most prison officials and administrators.

I n order to delve into the r a m i f i c a t i o n of this dehumanizing racket, M u h a m m a d Speaks correspondent Sylvester Leaks, together with Brother E d w a r d 4 X and other knowledgeable M u s l i m s , probed the inside.

By Sylvester Leaks (Muhammad Speaks Correspondent) Just before the recent elections, dope suddenly was difficult to obtain in Harlem. Junkies and pushers were carted off to jail—but not the big white dealers. Word went out from the dealers to "cool" everything until after the elections. Now things are getting back to "normal." Dope is plentiful How profitable is the drug day. If he is greedy, he will traffic? In the early 40's a "shoot" as long as he can shipment of pure h e r o i n , get it. A small - time dope sent from Genoa, Italy, to dealer makes $3,000 a day or the United States, was pur- more, while a big-time operchased for $24,000,000. The ator rakes in up to $100,000 a re-sale profit came to $175,- day.(The dealers are white.)

000,000. Today, the same What about the cost of amount of narcotics brings a drugs to junkies? In one re-sale profit in the neighbor- case, the demands of a junhood of $350,000,000. kie's habit increased his cost A dope pusher in Harlem from $2.50 a day to $10 daily —and there are hundreds of — and even then, he conthem—sells 800 bags of dope fessed, there might be a need in two to three hours. A bag for just one more shot beof dope sells for $3, $5 or $10. fore he could lie down for The average addict must the night. have at least three fixes a At today's prices, which New Addicts Reported 1 21-30 31-40 Over 40 Under 21 150 100 50

1

1»K

1 n

RI t THE CRUCIAL years for self-establishment, between the ages of 21-30, are the most dangerous for the highest rate of entrapment occurs therein. Although the above chart refers specifically to Ohio, it is symbolic of the age ratios of new addicts throughout the country. r-, '34 '35 '36 '57 '38 '59 '54 '55 '36 '57 '56 '59 '54 '55 '56 '57 '56 '59 '54 '55 '56 '57 '66 '59

CAUGHT IN the actual act of pushing dope into her veins, this New York woman represents thousands of dope addicts caught in a cruel and dehumanizing racket. The three have more t h a n doubled since the early '50s, an addict can spend from $10 to $15 daily. A year's supply would run to nearly $4,000, a greater figure than the average Negro earns a year.

(Of course, there are cases of addicts spending more than this amount.)

Like many other products sold in Harlem, the best (pure) heroin is found only in w h i t e neighborhoods.

When the dope reaches Harlem, it has been diluted to 6 to 10 per cent of its original purity with milk, sugar and quinine. It does not take much imagination to realize what this can do to the body after it is injected into the blood stream. During the recent "panic," B C headache powder and talcum powder were being sold for dope.

Germany and Yugoslavia are the biggest producers of heroin, which is the residue from opium. The p h r a s e " h o p p e d up" ("high") comes from C h i n a t o w n , where traditionally o p i u m has been the usual form of drug.

After having been mixed with water and "cooked" over a fire, heroin is injected into the veins With a hypodermic needle. This is called "mainlining."

Another form of usage is "skin popping" — that is, "shooting" just under the skin. It takes a longer period of time to achieve the desired effects when one "skin pops." Because of the invisibility of their veins, most women "skin pop."

Once a person is hooked on heroin, the body chemistry changes. Drugs kill the appetite and sexual desire — except in extreme circumstances. When the body demands drugs, that is all it will take—no food, no water, no juices.

If the body is not fed drugs when it demands them, it is inflicted with lightning - like cramps in the legs and stomach; it causes vomiting and sleeplessness. If the victim is a woman, she often coughs

"bogs" on the cloth contain the next shots of cocaine—bought at a fantastic price.

Most women are forced into prostitution in order to raise money for the "fix."

up blood and bleeds from the vagina.

After a period of shooting in the veins, the vein collapses and the flow of blood is stopped. Another vein is sought—until finally, the victim is forced to shoot in the legs, neck, feet and penis or vagina.

One might very well ask, "What makes them do it?"

Every person interviewed, including Brother Edward 4X, agreed that: "It's the confidence and assurance that one gets momentarily from drugs that makes a person continue to use it. It makes him feel, momentarily, that tomorrow is worth looking forward to.

But the moment is short, very short."

The phrase "drug addict" conjures up images of disgrace and scorn for most

people. Because of this factor, many addicts are rejected by their families and shunned by their non - drug using "friends." Consequently, they are forced to live, eat, sleep and love in a drugusing environment. This rejection by both family and friends is, perhaps, the major reason why a person— after having "kicked" the habit—goes back to drugs.

This brings to mind the case of a young woman whom we shall call "Mary."

Mary has three children, ages 5, 7 and 12. She had "kicked" the habit, and she wanted,, more than anything else, to stay away from drugs forever. But her family rejected her and her "good" friends, never having fallen prey to the nar( C o n t i n u e d on page

20)

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JANUARY 1, 1965

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

20

NARCOTIC ADDICTION IN THE UNITED STATES AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1961

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(Continued from page 19)

cotics habit, acted as though Mary had a communicable disease. Despondent, she returned to the drug habit and the addicts who accepted her. She turned to prostitution to pay for her habit.

Hospitals and jails force an addict to "kick" the habit, but they do nothing about preventing these persons, once they are released, from getting their hands on drugs again. However, the city of New York does offer this help: If the addict stays in the

ACTIVE NARCOTIC ADDICTS IN THE UNITED STATES AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1961

Manhattan General Hospital for a period of 21 days, until he has "kicked" the habit, the hospital will provide him with a physician - s i g n e d , written medical discharge, which he can then use as a letter of introduction to the Welfare Department to receive such benefits as room and board. However, if the patient does not remain in the hospital the required 21 days, he forfeits these benefits.

them with dope in exchange for their promise to cooperate, e i t h e r by confessing their own guilt in some crime or by aiding the police in making a purchase from some reputed dope dealer.

In a joint 1962 statement, the American Medical Association and the National Research Council of the National Academy disclosed that they supported increased efforts to: Some addicts recall the 1. "Reduce and, if postime when police supplied s i b 1 e, eliminate such (narcotic) addiction."

2. "Provide the best possible treatment and rehabilitation services to addicted persons."

However, unless the comm u n i t y is immediately aroused to wholesale anger and act forthrightly to rid the community of this gangrenous narcotics infliction, the worst is yet to come.

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TOTAL ACTIVE ADDICTS—46,791

THE ABOVE chart from the United States Federal Narcotics Bureau indicates a gross underestimation of the problem of narcotics addiction in the United States. Experts estimate drug addiction as five times greater than the chart indicates, with New York taking the giant lead over California, Michigan, Illinois and other states.

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MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

JANUARY 1, 1965

Women Under Pressure, Part III:The Incredible :

.••>•: :-"'%v:H%5%

Oppression o M a e (Special to Muhammad Speaks ) NEW YORK — For almost four years now the case of Mae Mallory has been a cause celebre, growing out of her being falsely accused and subsequently convicted on spurious, trumped up, charges of 'kidnapping" a white couple in Monroe, N.C., in 1961.

She was sentenced to serve 16-20 years in the penitenwhere the black population She Weeps tiary. Currently, she is out is at least one-third of the on bail awaiting an appeals total population. It took less No More ruling from the North Carothan 30 minutes to reach a line Supreme Court, which verdict on a trial that lasted is imminent. for seven days and a case that went on for three years.

So phoney has been the I never faced the all-white case against Mae Mallory, grand jury, which indicted that it has aroused the ire me, to testify. and indignation of conscionable men all over the world Q. How do you feel about — from James Farmer to the awesome sentence hangBertrand Russell. The late ing over your head, as well and great Dr. W. E . B. Du as the reaction of black Bois was one of the last to people to your case? speak out in her behalf.

A. I feel that I have had a "The fact that Mae Mallory pretty good life. It's wonderhas 16 to 20 years hanging ful to see this new awareover her head has not damness In the black commupened her determination to nities. be free. Recently she was Q. What do you mean by arrested on a picket line in "new awareness"? front of the United Nations, MRS. WILLIE MAE BROWN, A. In 1957 when I and protesting the involvement mother of the hounded and some more black parents of the United States and Bel- persecuted woman fighter, first raised the issue of gium in the Congo. sheds a tear for her daugh- schools in the ghettos and In connection with this and ter's plight. that we should boycott them her pending appeals deci—there was a great hue and sion, a Muhammad Speaks diate reactions to your trial cry. Now it is respectable to correspondent secured the in Monroe, N.C.—as well as boycott schools. the following exclusive in- your conviction?

Q. While you were in jail terview with Miss Mallory.

A. It was an all-white jury your mother played a treQ. What happened in the that convicted me in a town mendous role in garnering recent demonstration before the U.N. that caused your arrest?

A. Six cops held me by the neck, arms, shoulder — in other words they manhandled me. Then I was handcuffed to another cop. A cop raised his billy to crush my head and a huge student ( t h i s demonstration was called by the Pan - African Student Union) threw his body between us to protect me. A scuffle took place on the picket line. The cop that I was handcuffed to got hurt slightly on the chin. At first, I was told that I was booked on disorderly conduct. When I got to the precinct, I heard one cop tell the one that got hurt on the chin that he should "go on sick leave.

You got blood on your chin.

They are a mangy crew (the pickets) anyway." It was at this point that they charged us with felonious assault.

Q. Is there any bond?

A. I am out on $3,500 bond.

A preliminary hearing is set for next week.

Q. What are your imme*

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AN AFRICAN who wanted to see for himself how black Americans were treated in the "land of the free" is M. Diallo Alpha, (1.) Guinea's Minister of Information who went down to Georgia to talk with Negro rights' leaders. Here, explaining how discrimination prevents Negroes from voting, are James Forman, SNCC Exective Secretary (center) and Julian Bond, SNCC Director of Communications.

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s u p p o r t for your cause.

Would you say this had some effect on her point of view?

A. The whole struggle has changed my mother's point of view from one of devout Christian, prayer-is-the-answer, to a broadened outlook and understanding of what the struggle is. She realizes now that man is responsible to and for man.

This does not mean that she has become irreligious. She just recognizes t h a t the problems created by man on earth must be solved by man while he is on earth.

Q. What about your daughter, who was only 15 years old when all of this came about?

A. A black child is affected by this American racist system, irrespective of the position his or her parents take — whether the parents are dope addicts, pimps or prostitutes or revolutionists.

I am happy to say that my daughter is neither a dope addict, pimp, or prostitute.

Q. Do you feel that you can win a reversal of your conviction in the courts?

A. No. I have absolutely no faith in American justice as meted out to black folks.

The same courts that con-

Mozambiquans' Freedom Fight Made Official DAR - E S - SALAAM, Tanganyika — The black underground freedom fighters of Mozambique have stepped up their armed resistance against the oppressive domination by Portuguese colonialists since their leaders of the Mozambique Liberation Front (Frelimo) formally proclaimed the state of general armed insurrection.

"Faced with the constant refusal of the Portuguese MUHAMMAD'S MOSQUE OF ISLAM 406 EAST 38th STREET MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA SERVICE WED. & FRI. NIGHT—8 P.M. SUNDAY-2:0O P.M.

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Mae Mallory victed me on f r a m e up charges are the same courts that freed the murderers of Medgar Evers, L e m u e l Penn and freed the murderers of Schwerner, Goodman, and Chaney. government to recognize our right to independence," the declaration said, "Frelimo again declares that armed struggle is the only thing for the Mozambiquan people to achieve aspirations of liberty, justice and social wellbeing."

The announcement of the beginning of the resistance in Mozambique was made at the recent opening session of the Organization of African Unity's African Liberation Committee of Nine and the point was made that "no amount of intimidation from Lisbon (Portugal) and the reactionary North Atlantic Treaty Organization powers can stop it."

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Trials Of A Black Woman In White U.S. NEW Y O R K — A talented black, woman who portrayed the trials of 14-year-old Elizabeth Eckford, the Negro girl who first attempted to gain admission to a L i 111 e Rock, Ark. High School, is waiting now for someone to write a play which will project her unique talent.

Gloria Foster, of the highly successful off-Broadway production of, "White America," has attracted more acclaim- by critics than many actresses on Broadway, but few concrete offers of employment have been made.

The play, "White Americ a " is a documentary expose of American race prejudices reflected in the statements of white and black leaders throughout the nation's history. It is slated to close January 3, 1965.

"Creativity a m o n g producers and directors seems to be gone," Miss Foster says. She adds that no one

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NEW O R L E A N S , La.—The ill-founded charges against innocent followers of t h e Honorable E l i j a h Muhammad in Monroe, L a . , were finally dropped here by Louisiana's Supreme Court a f t e r nearly four years of oppressive litigation.

Brother Troy X , formerly Minister of Muhammad's Mosque of Islam in Monroe, was freed together with other Muslim brothers of the phony charges of "criminal anarchy" and "flag desecration" brought against them in 1961 following an unprovoked a t t a c k upon their Mosque by anti-Negro Dixie police officials.

The S u p r e m e Court's dropping of the charges was announced by A t t o r n e y James Sharpe, J r . , Monroe's lone Negro lawyer who had defended the Muslim brothers throughout the long litigation.

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lowed to have a go. So we just stood back and watched them finishing off the job for us.

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overpowering desire to obtain drug by any means."

More s e r i o u s than the problem of new addicts in the U.S. is the number of recidivists, or the addicts who return to narcotics after several unsuccessful attempts to get off "junk."

The U . S . Narcotics Bureau estimates that as many as 85 per cent of former addicts eventually return to narcotics. Thus, there is little opportunity for a former addict to lead what would be considered a normal way of life.

This, both society and the government, must provide.

Confessions Of A White Mercenary

954

Repairing-To wing-Service

Drops Charges

(Continued from page 13) the stability of society, as a whole.

In a typical urban chain of command, the big dealer is backed by the syndicate, the mafioso, with its corporation of lawyers and bribed officials. The big dealer and the syndicate also are protected by laws covering civil liberties and illegal search and seizure, law enforcement officials say.

The World Health Organization agreed upon a more succinct definition of a dope addict when it declared that G l o r i a Foster he is in "a state of periodic seems to be prepared to take intoxication that leads to an a constructive step in intelligent use of the Negro. Although a role may not have a racial designation, she feels that the real reluctance of persons to cast a Negro is that they believe the m e r e presence of the Negro will alter the characterization.

"Other theaters throughout the country," Miss Fos^Continued from page 5 ) ter says, "are doing much more with the Negro." were in amongst them. They She said she would keep didn't put up any fight. We herself in top form for any just killed until, by the time eventuality. it was dark, we thought there was not one person left alive. . . .

THE GREATESTI "Finally we herded the SHABAZZ STEAK HOUSE last l i v i n g Africans into c a n o e s and made them 2 0 1 1 1 4 t h STREET squat down to die.

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SPEAKS

SISTER HATTIE

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

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MUHAMMAD

J A N U A R Y 1, 1965

23

SPEAKS

They Told England About the Messenger's Program

ACTIVE IN Muhammad's Mosque No. 26, San Francisco, and the Messenger's 3 - Year Economic Plan, Preston X Killings, of Circle Promotions, recently acquired Western Union Service for resident of j MUSLIM FOLLOWERS O F THE Honorable Elijah Muhammad San Francisco's Fillmore area. appeared recently on a special half-hour program, "Let Us One of the Bay Area's out- j Speak From America," taped by the British Broadcasting standing businessmen, he forCompany and slated to be shown in England. These Muslim merly served as supervisor of youths, explaining to English viewers the program and plans the mailing department at the of the Messenger, are (left to right) Brother James 52X, University of California.

New York, N.Y.; Brother Charles 12X, Jersey City, N.J.; Sister Nellie X, Newark, N.J.; Brother Alton X, New York; C a m b o d i a C u t s

Brother Raymond 3X, Newark; Sister Sarah X, Newark, and Brother Herbert 8X, New York. The Muslim young people were questioned on camera by the noted British personality, Malcolm Muggeridge (inset), the moderator and director of the program. A tape recording of the program was sent to John Ali, the national secretary of Muhammad's Mosque of Islam.

Allah And His Messenger

ter of Allah's authority, and final Messenger of Allah's, j as the head of the Nation for his Noly Apostle. Allah sent freedom, justice and equal- into the nation of mankind

By J A M I L MUHAMMAD Portugal Ties many prophets, apostles or ity.

PHNOM P E N H , Camboda (Undergraduate Student) The whole of this earth is messengers with the "real" —Prince Norodom Sihanouk There is no one who can substitute or replace Allah, a Mosque; therefore, what- truth. recently announced Camboever is in heaven or on There should be no point dia had severed diplomatic or his power and authority over the laws of Allah's creation ! earth, must submit to the to the arguments and quesrelations with the racist re- —Islam.

Glory of Allah, regardless of tions about the Most Honorgimes of South Africa a n d As it is written in our Holy raised among us in this de- I its status. able E l i j a h Muhammad's Portugal.

Qur-an, the book of life that generate world, a fearless We cannot overlook the personal or public affairs.

Prince Sihanouk said the enlightens mankind to realij fact that Allah is the Master. He has the keys to every sciC a i r o conference of non-ty that without a shadow of and responsible leader. A F r o m the smallest life- entific field of life, to prove leader on whom the whole aligned n a t i o n s had ap-a doubt, the way of Allah, pealed for support for coun- has ever taken course, I world must focus their atten- I scope that expresses its as- the Islamic principles of Altries oppressed by the colo- quote: tion. He is Allah's holy Apos- i pirations, up to the highest lah's authority. social organisms and basic Allah is the Supreme nialists and imperialists. tle, the noble and Honorable i ethical behaviour — there is "Thou wilt not find for the Judge in this court (world) Speaking of the cutting of E l i j a h Muhammad. ! no other Supreme Ruler or and has the ethical code and diplomatic relations w i t h way of Allah any substitute We are now witnesses to the! Being than Allah. has regulated its guidance to South Africa and Portugal, nor wilt thou find for the way Insofar as these state- His Messenger, E l i j a h Muhe said "we are doing this of Allah ought of power to great day of judgment. We out of our desire to support change." 48:22 and 35.43. recognize the Honorable E l i - \ ments are true, we should hammad, the great signer our brothers there."

Allah alone has divinely jah Muhammad as the cen- ! not argue who is the real and and warner.

S. A f r i c a a n d

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WED.

5335 S. GREENWOOD AVE.

& F R I . 8 P.M. S U N . 2 P.M.

,MOSQUE NO. 5

WED.

Teachings of Muhammad,

M E S S E N G E R O F ALLAH

& FRi., 8 P.M.-SUN., 2 P.M. 'MOSQUE NO. 1

11529

Hear the Life Giving The Honorable Elijah

WED.

WED

BALTIMORE, MD.

& F R I . 8 P.M. — SUN.

2

P.M

MOSQUE NO. 21

89 KEARNEY AVE. JERSEY CITY, N.J. 435-6845 WED.

& F R I . 8 P.M. S U N . 7 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 23

192 BROADWAY WED.

MOSQUE No. 3

2463 N. 3rd ST.

BUFFALO 8, N.Y.

MILWAUKEE, WIS.

FR 2-5733__

& F R I . 8 P.M. SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 7 (HARLEM) N.Y. 102 W. 116th ST. Rl 9-7569 WED.

& F R I . 8 P.M. SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 28 1434 N. GRAND AVE. ST. LOUIS 6, MO. JE 3-2497 WED. & FRI. 8 P.M. SUN. 2 P.M. MOSQUE NO. 4 1519 FOURTH ST., N.W. WASHINGTON 1, D.C. WED.

& F R I . 8 P.M. S U N . 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 25 257 S. ORANGE ST. NEWARK, N.J." 622-9021 WED.

A "FRI. 8 P.M. SUN. 2

P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 7-B (LONG ISLAND) MOSQUE NO. 27 10543 NORTHERN BLVD. HA 04015 5606 S. BROADWAY ST. LOS ANGELES 37, CAL. CORONA, LONG ISLAND^ N.Y. SUN..

WED. & FRI , 8 P.M.

WED.

& F R I . 8 P.M. S U N . 2 P.M.

& F R I , 8 P.M. SUN. 2 P.M.

MOSQUE NO. 7-C (BROOKLYN) N.Y. MOSQUE NO. 35 MOSQUE NO. 14 1 2 0 MADISON ST. [Cor. Bedford Ave.) ST 34M5 511-A EAST 4th ST., 2nd fl. WILMINGTON, DEL. CLEVELAND 6, OHIO SUN..

W E D . 8. FRI, 8 P.M. 40 ALBANY AVE. HARTFORD, CONN. WED. 8 P.M. S U N . 2 P.M., .

WED. & F R L 8 P.M. S U N . 2 P.M. WED. & FRI. 8 P.M. SUN. 2 P.M. MOSQUE NO. 26 MOSQUE NO. 20 MOSQUE NO. 37 MOSQUE NO. 1 1 1872 POST ST. SAN FRANCISCO 807-09 SOUTH 8th ST. CAMDEN, N.J. 359 W. BARTGES ST. AKRON, OHIO 35 INTERVALE ST. ROXBURY, MASS. Fl 6-9966 BL 3-4711 WED. & FRI. 8 P.M. SUN. 2 P.M. WED. & FRI., 8 P.M. SUN. 2 P.M. WED. & FRI. 8 P.M. — SUN. 2 P.M. THURS. & SUN. 8 P.M.

T2416 SUPERIOR AVE.

PO I -8373

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24

MUHAMMAD SPEAKS

The Messenger

of Allah

JANUARY 1, 1965

Presents

The Muslim Program What the Muslims Want .is

& This is the question asked most frequently by both the whites and the blacks. The answers to this question I shall state as simply as possible.

1. We want freedom. We want a full and complete freedom.

2. We want justice. Equal justice under the law. We want justice applied equally to all, regardless of creed or class or color.

3. We want equality of opportunity. We want equal membership in society with the best in civilized society.

4. We want our people in America whose parents or grandparents were descendants from slaves, to be allowed to establish a separate state or territory of their own—either on this continent or elsewhere. We believe that our former slave masters are obligated to provide such land and that the area must be fertile and minerally rich. We believe that our former slave masters are obligated to maintain and supply our needs in this separate territory for the next 20 to 25 years—until we are able to produce and supply our own needs.

Since we cannot get along with them in peace and equality, after giving them 400 years of our sweat and blood and receiving in return some of the worst treatment human beings have ever experienced, we believe our contributions to this land and the suffering forced upon us by white America, justifies our demand for complete separation in a state or territory of our own.

5. We want freedom for all Believers of Islam now held in federal prisons. We want freedom for all black men and women now under death sentence in innumerable prisons in the North as well as the South.

We want every black man and woman to have the freedom to accept or reject being separated from the slave master's children and establish a land of their own.

We know that the above plan for the solution of the black and white conflict is the best and only answer to the problem between two people.

6. We want an immediate end to the police brutality and mob attacks against the socalled Negro throughout the United States.

We believe that the Federal government should intercede to see that black men and women tried in white courts receive justice in accordance with the laws of the land—or allow us to build a new nation for ourselves, dedicated to justice, freedom and liberty.

7. As long as we are not allowed to establish a state or territory of our own, we demand not only equal justice under the laws of the United States, but equal employment opportunities—NOW! We do not believe that after 400 years of free or nearly free labor, sweat and blood, which has helped America become rich and powerful, that so many thousands of black people should have to subsist on relief, charity or live in poor houses.

8. We want the government of the United States to exempt our people from ALL taxation as long as we are deprived of equal justice under the laws of the land.

9. We want equal education—but separate schools up to 16 for boys and 18 for girls on the condition that the girls be sent to women's colleges and universities. We want all black children educated, taught and trained by their own teachers.

Under such scho6ling system we believe we will make a better nation of people. The United States government should provide,

free, all necessary text books and equipment, schools and college buildings. The Muslim teachers shall be left free to teach and train their people in the way of righteousness, decency and self respect.

10. We believe that intermarriage or race mixing should be prohibited. We want the religion of Islam taught without hinderance or suppression.

These are some of the things that we, the Muslims, want for our people in North America.

What the | Muslims Believe

|

1. WE B E L I E V E in the One God Whose proper Name is Allah.

2. WE B E L I E V E in the Holy Qur-an and in the Scriptures of all the Prophets of God. 3. WE B E L I E V E in the truth of the Bible, but we believe that it has been tampered with and must be reinterpreted so that mankind will not be snared by the falsehoods that have been added to it.

4. WE B E L I E V E in Allah's Prophets and the Scriptures they brought to the people.

5. WE B E L I E V E in the resurrection of the dead—not in physical resurrection—but in mental resurrection. We believe that the socalled Negroes are most in need of mental resurrection; therefore, they will be resurrected first.

Furthermore, we believe we are the people of God's choice, as it has been written, that God would choose the rejected and the despised. We can find no other persons fitting this description in these last days more than the so-called Negroes in America. We believe in the resurrection of the righteous.

6. WE B E L I E V E in the judgement; we believe this first judgement will take place as •God revealed, in America . . .

7. WE B E L I E V E this is the time in history for the separation of the so-called Negroes and the so-called white Americans. We believe the black man should be freed in name as well as in fact. By this we mean that he should be freed from the names imposed upon him by his former slave masters. Names which identified him as being the slave master's slave. We believe that if we are free indeed, we should go in our own people's names —the black peoples of the earth.

8. WE B E L I E V E in justice for all, whether in God or not; we believe as others, that we are due equal justice as human beings. We believe in equality—as a nation—of equals.

We do not believe that we are equal with our slave masters in the status of "freed slaves."

We recognize and respect American citizens as independent peoples and we respect their laws which govern this nation.

9. WE B E L I E V E that the offer of integration is hypocritical and is made by those who are trying to deceive the black peoples into believing that their 400-year-old open enemies of freedom, justice and equality are, all of a sudden, their "friends." Furthermore, we believe that such deception is intended to prevent black people from realizing that the time in history has arrived for the separation from the whites of this nation.

If the white people are truthful about their professed friendship toward the so-called Ne-

Honorable Elijah Muhammad gro, they can prove it by dividing up America with their slaves.

We do not believe that America will ever be able to furnish enough jobs for her own millions of unemployed, in addition to jobs fo*~ the 20,000,000 black people as well.

10. WE B E L I E V E that we who declared ourselves to be righteous Muslims, should not participate in wars which take the lives of humans. We do not believe this nation should force us to take part in such wars, for we have nothing to gain from it unless America agrees to give us the necessary territory wherein we may have something to fight for.

11. WE B E L I E V E our women should be respected and protected as the women of other nationalities are respected and protected.

12. WE B E L I E V E that Allah (God) appeared in the Person of Master W. Fard Muhammad, July, 1930; the long-awaited "Messiah" of the Christians and the "Mahdi" of the Muslims.

We believe farther and lastly that Allah is God and besides HIM there is no God and He will bring about a universal government of peace wherein we all can live in peace together.