მესამე რაიხის ტყვე ჯარისკაცები გორში

vaJa SaqaraSvili

mesame raixis tyve jariskacebi gorSi

2015

avtorisgan RirsebiT, sibrZ­ ne-sikeTiTa da gu­l­ mowyalebiT gamorCeu­ li winaprebi gvyav­da, iseTni, moy­vasis, um­ weod STe­nil momter­ eTa fex­ze wamoyene­ bac rom eniWebodaT. ise ki, Tu kaci gqvia, didsulovnad, saWur­ velayril, waqceul mtris patiebac unda SegeZlos, rameTu adamiani mxolod sakuTar TavTan ar SeiZleba iyos keTili da marTali. sarai-volgaze, baTo yaens, saqarTvelodan Tavisi noinebi swerdnen _ `qarTvelebi uaRresad keTili xalxia, tyuili ar ician, maT Soris moRalate ar moiZebnebao~, da es arcaa gasakviri erisT­ vis, fesvebiT rom varT gonierni, Ronierni, xec xom fes­ vidan cocxlobs, izrdeba? didi samamulo omis wlebsa da mis Semdgom period­ Si, gorsa da, zogadad, saqarTveloSi, tyved myof ger­ manelTa mimarT gamovlenil gulmowyaleba-Tanadgo­ mas, eTnosis Cvevad miviCnevT. tolerantoba ki, vazis msasoebeli erisagan, arcaa gasakviri... xom warmoud­ genelia waqceuli, miwaze dacemuli vazis Semxedvare qarTvelma, fexze ar wamoayenos igi, ar upatronos mas?! vazze Seyvarebulni, jilebi, naRdebi, raindu­ lad gveriT daudgnen germanel tyveebsac da uSur­ velad miuZRvnes siTbo, imediani sityva da gayofili, marilcxebuli lukma-puri, Cveni arsobisa... eris wiaRSi naSobni, Rirseulni, rCeulni, gansac­ deliT aRsavse, amRvreul, mSfoTvare epoqebSi ibadebian da istoriis obieqtivis miRma, adamianuro­ bis, sikeTis Rrma xnuls toveben dedamiwaze. kvals, romelsac STamomavloba mihyveba. germanel tyveTa

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mimarT TavianTi didsulovan-didbunebovani damok­ idebulebiT, gulmowyale gorelebma, SeiZleba iTqvas, masobrivad daimsaxures is veeberTela sapatio titu­ li, adamiani da adamianuroba rom hqvia. goris koleqtiuri mexsiereba, aw ukve gardasul welTa matiane, saTuTad inaxavs sxvaTa Wiris gamzi­ arebel adamianTa gvar-saxelebs, romelTac samudamod daimkvidres Rirseuli adgili eris cnobierebasa da Cvens istoriaSi... da marTlac, ra unda gaakeTo ada­ mianma imaze meti, umweo tyveebs daxmarebis mzrunve­ li xeli rom gauwodo da maTdami Tanadgoma, Rirsebis saqmed miaCniio, sikeTis uRelSi Seeba da sakuTar sul­ Tan erTad gaamSveniero samyaro, kidev ufro srulhyo igi. msmenia, Tu samyaros Secvla ar ZalgiZs, Tavad unda Seicvaloo. Tumc, aseTebi rodi icvlebian. maT SeZles da Tavad Secvales samyaro, gansacdelSi myof tyveTad­ mi damokidebulebiT daarwmunes kacobrioba, rom samya­ ro ar gvCuqnis srulyofilebas... srulyofileba Tavad unda moipovos adamianma. wuTisofeli ki, romelsac mx­ olod qarTvelma kacma daarqva es saxeli da romelsac verc erTi sxva xalxis, verc erT leqsikonSi ver amov­ ikiTxavT, esoden lamaz da arsiT datvirTul sityvas, imdenad dromoklea, rom sadReRamiso mecadineobiT movaleni varT, urTierTTanadgoma _ moferebiT gamT­ bari TiToeuli dRiT, saaTebiTa da wuTebiTac ki vicx­ ovroT, rameTu wveTebisgan Sedgeba TviT okeane.

Cveni qalaqis mkvdari istoriis gacocxleba, Cems, rogorc Jurnalistis profesiul da moqalaqeobriv movaleobad vcani, radgan mwams, rom Tu eri warsuls dakargavs, mas arc momavali eqneba. ...erTbaSad aravis gauzrdia `vefxvebTan meomari moyme~. eTnosi zrdis xasiaTs, eri qmnis cxovrebis wes­ sa da yalibs. gmir winaparTa saqcieli qcevis ganmsaz­ Rvreli iyo CvenTvis marad. winamdebare narkvevi, mexsierebidan amonaridi

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erTi fragmentia erovnuli cnobierebis uzarmazari qsovilisa, nacionaluri portreti Cveni modgmisa. mamacobas, WirTa Tmenas CamRerodnen Cveni dedebi akvnebs. es wignic erTgvari saSualebaa, kidev erTx­ el CavwvdeT winapar gorel TanamoZmeTa Sinagan bune­ bas, adamianuri gancdebiT gaviTavisoT maTi emociebi, guneba-ganwyobilebani, tkivili, zogadi Rirebule­ bebi, Tu miswrafebani. is, Tu ra aiZulebdaT sabWo­ Ta reJimis usastikes periodSi, komendantis saaTis pirobebSi, sakuTari sicocxlis fasadac ki, germanel tyveebs daxmarebodnen. maT, sworedac rom marTalTa biografiiT icxovres da Tu Cven gulmowyale gorelebs daviviwyebT, TviT gulmowyalebac dagvaviwydeba. isini amSvenebdnen ersa da Cvens akvariumiviT patara gors. es adamianebi usamarTlobis, sisastikis, Savi fardis wyvdiadSi yovelwuTierad bewvis xidze da­ diodnen da dReniadag, kulturulad, fsiqologi­ urad, biologiurad mzad iyvnen maTTvis gamotanili yvelaze saSineli verdiqtisTvisac ki _ sikvdilisaT­ vis. isini gmir winaparTa TvalebiT aRiqvamdnen da mzerdnen samyaros, icxovres imdagvarad, nisliviT rom ar gauCinardnen ama qveynidan. movaleni varT, xSi­ rad SevZloT warsulSi Casaxleba, drois wiaRSi xed­ va, raTa maTi RirsebiT aRsavse biografia istoriam ar STanTqas, Rvawli maTi ise ar gaqres da daikargos, rogorc wyali cxel udabnoSi. zaris daniSnulebaa _ darekos, mzisa _ anaTos, adami­ anisa _ hqmnas sikeTe, - gvamcnobs budisturi sibrZne. da marTlac, ra mSvenieria adamiani, roca is namdvili ada­ miania. zneoba, didsulovneba da Semwynarebloba SeWir­ vebis Jams... ai, ra gvWirdeba dRes da marad adamianebs.

vaJa SaqaraSvili Jurnalisti 5

mesame raixis tyve jariskacebi gorSi siyvarulis sazomi, mxolod uzomo siyvarulia!

saadamianeTis istoria, marTlac rom sikeTesa da borotebas Soris brZolis istoriaa, Tumc sad iwyeba erTi da sad mTavrdeba meore, kvlavac sfinqsiseul ga­ mocanad rCeba. TiTqos banalur movlenad iqca, roca ZvelTagan sapatiod miCneuli warmodgenebi, dro­ dadro rom irRveva, iwyeba terori, sastiki, daundo­ beli omebi, romelTac Tan sdevs adamianTa masobrivi ganadgureba, qalaqebisa da soflebis miwasTan gas­ woreba, dRemde gamocxadebul RirebulebaTa gada­ faseba, kacTa modgmisaTvis samarcxvino aTasgvari saSinelebani... samwuxarod, adamianebs xSirad ganucdeli ki ara, gancdilic gvaviwydeba xolme. iqneb, amitomacaa Tqmu­ li, istoria imisTvis iwereba, rom misgan adamianma araferi iswavlos?! omi mosisxle mteria kacobriobis, Tumc, sisxlism­ Rvreli dapirispirebis drosac Cndebian bunebiT, RvTi­T gamorCeulni, TanamgrZnobni da keTilSo­ bilebiT gawonasworebulni, rom ar aviwydebaT adamis xvedri. aseT adamianTa Sinagani mrwamsi mt­ kice da drois ganzomilebiT, maradiulia. Cvens yo­ fas azri, miwieri sikeTis keTebiT eniWeba. adamianis RvTiuri daniSnulebac xom gansacdelSi STenilTad­ mi zrunvaa odes?! omSicaa mosisxle mtrebs Soris TanagrZnoba,Sendoba-dandoba-ndoba da siyvaruli, rac rom mxo­lod WeSmarit pirovnebebs xelewifebaT. samyaro Zalze civi da carielia. movaleni varT, Cve­ ni grZnobebiT, adamianuri urTierTobebiT gavaTboT igi.

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qarTvelma xalxma germanel samxedro tyveTa mimarT saocrad gulTbili, qristianuli Semwynareblo­ ba-tolerantoba gamoiCines, riTac, marTlac rom sa­ kuTari xeliT daasamares SurisZiebis emocia. ufro metic, maT mimarT gorelebs, iseve rogorc zogadad - qarTul sazogadoebas, TvalT, udardelobis farda arasodes CamouSviaT. sulisa da xorcis simrTeli­ saTvis sikeTis uRelSi Seibnen da kacur-kacobis Rrma xnuli datoves am ZvelTaZveli qalaqis uTvalsawiero istoriaSi, niSnad sulieri sidiadisa, rac rom gasak­ viri rodia qveynisaTvis, sadac `stumar-maspinZeli~ da `ambavi vefxvisa da moymisa~ daiwera. tolerantoba adamianis sulis silamazis umSve­ nieresi gamovlinebaa, misi Rirsebisa da zneobrivi aRmafrenis nayofi. swored esaa erT-erTi umTavres mizezTagani, uricxvi mtris garemocvaSi moqceuli erTi muWa qarTveli xalxis fizikuri gadarCenisa, ara marto arsebobis SenarCunebisa, aramed masSi hu­ manurobis, tolerantobisa da sxva keTilSobiluri Tvisebebis gamomuSavebisa. qarTveli kacic xom amiT amayobda odes, Cvens patara, `ca firuz, xmeleT zur­ muxto~ qveyanaSi rom asze meti eri da erovneba cxov­ robs. saqarTvelo mra­valeTnikuri qveyanaa, sadac saukuneTa manZil­ ze, sxvadasxva erovnebis warmo­ madgenlebi cxovrobdnen, rom­ lebic CvenTan erTad inawileben dResac Wirsa da lxins. misi ukide­ gano istoria Tavad gaxlavT das­ turi, Tu ra sikeTis matarebelia qarTuli suli. amis sailustra­ ciod kmara Tundac imisi gaxsen­ eba, rom 26 saukunes moiTvlis ebraelTa cxovreba Cvens Soris

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da CvenTan erTad. saqarTvelos udidesi mefe daviT IV aRmaSenebeli, iseve, rogorc sxva eriskacebi, Rir­ seul pativs miagebda yvela eris aRmsareblobas da es maSin (XI s.), roca bevrgan, gansxvavebuli azri, sasik­ vdilo verdiqtis gamotaniT nadgurdeboda. albaT, swored aq unda veZioT motivi, rom stumrad mosu­ li, Znelad Tu ubrundeboda Tavis samSoblos da ara mxo­lod saqarTvelos silamazisa gamo, ufrore Cvens zne-CveulebaTa da kacTmoyvareobis gamoisobiT. amdenad, arcaa gasakviri, qarTvelebi, gorele­ bi, germanel tyveebs Cveuli maspinZlobiT rom epy­ robodnen. xSirad ki sapurRvinod sakuTar ojaxeb­ Sic mihyavdaT. stumarTmoyvareobis tradicias xom CvenSi muxasaviT Ronivrad aqvs fesvi gadgmuli da odiTgan umaRles zneobriv xarisxSia warmoCenili. `puri da Rvino stumarsa, wava Sin, _ moagondebio~ _ uTqvams Cvens winapars. am moraluri, cxovrebiseu­ li SinaganawesiT vcxovrobT dResac. `mTis arwivis~, didi vaJa-fSavelas `stumar-maspinZelic~ xom, upir­ veles yovlisa, politikuri Sinaarsis deklaraciaa. `dRes stumaria is Cemi, Tund zRva emarTos sisxlisa~. vfiqrob, am erT mokle, erTob Rrma filosofiuri datvirTvis mqone striqonSi, qarTveli eris eTno-fsiqologiuri xasiaTi ikiTxeba da yvelaferia misiT naTqvami. Tumca amiT rodi vak­ ninebT sxva erebis tolerantul bunebasa da adamianur damok­ idebulebebs moyvasis, umweo md­ gomareobaSi aRmoCenil, Tu gne­ bavT, guSindeli mtris mimarT, rameTu gulmowyaleba, zogad­ sakacobrio maxasiaTebelia Ti­ Toeuli eTnikuri erTeulisa

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da konkretuli pirovnebisa. gavixsenoT Tundac, rusi filosofosis, sergei lazarevis sityvebi, rom siy­ varuli erTaderTia am cxovrebaSi, rasac adamianebis gadarCena SeuZlia... rom siyvaruli aris RmerTi da piriqiT. tolerantoba _ es aris siyvaruli! vis, Tu ara qarTvel xalxs, erT-erT pirvelebs aqvT namReri mSvidobasa da Tavisuflebaze. adamianTa Tanasworobasa da siyvarulze, vaJkacobasa da mego­ brobaze, stumris, mtris maspinZlobasa da mimteve­ blobaze, vefxvebTan meomari Svilis dedis, sxvisi Wiris gamziareblis gulistkivilze.... da kidev vin moTvlis caSi varskvlavT... winamdebare naSromi saqarTvelos erT-erTi umSve­ nieresi qalaqis _ goris sabWouri warsulis lamis dakarguli istoriis gacocxlebas isaxavs miznad. rogorc rigiTma moqalaqem, Jurnalistma, sakuTar movaleobad vcani, Semevso ganvlili droebis carie­ li furclebi, SeZlebisdagvarad aRmedgina qalaqis waSlili biografiis is periodi, rac rom gorSi, ger­ manel samxedro tyveTa yofnas ukavSirdeba. erTxans vfiqrobdi, iqneb, saWiroc ar iyos yovelive amis gax­ seneba, aw ukve gardasul welTa miviwyebuli, Sav-Te­ Tri kadrebis ukan datrialeba, Tumc, mwams, amis ga­ keTeba Cvenve gvWirdeba. droTa kavSiri Tu dairRva, uTuod garTuldeba momavlis ganWvreta da Tu eri warsuls dakargavs, mas arc momavali eqneba. dainteresebul mkiTxvels wignSi, gasuli saukunis ormociani wlebis gorelebTan erTad, erTob STambe­ Wdav movlenaTa gancda-gadatana mouwevs, im drama­ tizmiTa da emociebiT aRsavse cxovrebiseuli epizo­ debis gaTaviseba, romliTac mdidari gaxldaT Cvens mier gamovlili mSfoTvare, Tumc mainc mSvenieri me20 saukune. kvlevis procesSi mTavar dilemas saarqivo masalis absoluturi ararseboba warmoadgenda. Tumc, CemT­

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vis, rogorc mkvlevarisTvis, bevrad Rirebuli ada­ mianTa, am procesebis TviTmxilvel-TanamonawileTa mogonebebi aRmoCnda, romelTac uSualod hqondaT urTierToba germanel tyve-jariskacebTan. am isto­ riebs, yvelaze metad, swored es adamianebi inaxaven, inaxaven im Senoba-nagebobebTan erTad, rasac rom tyve germanelebi hqmnidnen. drois mdinarebam qalaqis ko­ leqtiuri mexsierebidan ver amoSanTa is urTierTo­ bebi, romelTa arqiteqtorebic Tavad gorelebi da germaneli tyveebi gaxldnen. WeSmariti, gulwrfeli da naRdi urTierTobebi ki, Tavadac kargad mogexsen­ ebaT, materialur Zeglebze metad fasobs, didxans Zlebs da agrerigad iolad, dro-Jamis lukmad ver iqceva. zemoT, germanel tyveTagan nagebi Senobebi vax­ sene. gabedulad SeiZleba Tqma imisa, rom isini Cveni qalaqis erTgvar, amasTan _ mniSvnelovan kulturul memkvidreobasac warmoadgenen... da amdenad maTdami, saxelmwifoebrivi zrunvaa, vfiqrob, saWiro. pirvan­ del saxedabrunebuli kulturis es unikaluri Zegle­ bi, mwams, aucileblad gamoiwvevs ucxoel vizitorTa cxovel interess da ara mxolod... `ara ars RmerTi SfoTisai, aramed mSvidobisai~ pavle, korinTelTa 4.33.

mSvidoba iseTive mewyvilea omis cnebisa, rogorc sinaTle _ sibnelisa, sijansaRe da janmrTeloba _ ava­ dobisa... mSvidoba iyo marad is netareba, rasac kac­ Ta modgma mudam natrobda da eTayvaneboda. adamianebi Sex­ vedrisas riTac mimarTavdnen erTmaneTs _ `mSvidoba Senda~ iyo (Zveli aRTqmidan). uamra­ vi ubedureba da qartexilebi moutania oms kacobriobisaT­ vis, adamianis modgma ki mainc

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omobs, romlis istoriac uwyveti jaWvia didi Tu mcire, SeteviTi Tu TavdacviTi, samarTliani Tu us­ amarTlo omebisa. TviT mSvidoba, omis es antonimuri mewyvile, zogjer omis mizan-funqciad, mis Sedegad gaiazreba _ Tu mSvidoba ginda, omisTvis emzade! adamianis arseboba, misi dabadebidan rodi iwyeba da arc maSin mTavrdeba, roca sawuTros veTxovebiT. kaco­ briobis mTeli istoria CvenSi Semodis da momaval­ Si grZeldeba. istoriasac Tavadve vqmniT da raoden gulsatkenia, roca warsulisa da awmyos dausrulebe­ li omebis Sesaxeb, mis momyol savalalo Sedegebsa da modgmisaTvis samarcxvino, gaugonar sisastikeze vsau­ brobT jerac. swored rom sikeTe-borotebis da samar­ Tlianoba-usamarTlobis gaazrebiT daiwyo naxevrad veluri arsebis gankaceba-gaadamianebis procesi. igi, mxolod adamianuri Tvisebaa da, rogorc adamianis qcevis kriteriumi, uxsovari droidan gamoiyeneba. am sityvam sakacobrio kulturis sawyis etapzeve hpo­ va asaxva yvela erisa da eTnikuri erTeulis enobriv gariJraJze. Tumc, kvlavac gviwevs msjeloba, Tu ra aris RvTismosavoba da mkrexeloba, mSvenieri da sa­ marcxvino, samarTliani da usamarTlo, goniereba da ugunuroba, sisastike da gulmowyaleba. zneoba, did­ sulovneba da Semwynarebloba gansacdelis Jams, Rv­ Tis siyvaruli _ ai, ra gvWir­ deba yvelaze metad maradJams. adamianis sulSi saTnoebisa da qvelmoqmedebisaTvis gza, aravisTvis yofila arasdros gadaRobili... da rogorc seneka STagvagonebs _ `zecaSi moxvedra SeiZleba yoveli mx­ ridan. Cven SegviZlia mxolod erTi, movikriboT umaRlesi simamace Rirsi saTno adamian­

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isa da misi daxmarebiT Seuryvnelad gadavitanoT yve­ laferi is, rac CvenTvis moaqvs beds~. sikeTis uRelSi mudam Sebmuli qarTvelic xom, Rv­ Tis karnaxiT, odiTgan sibrZniT _ `rac mtrobas daun­ grevia, siyvaruls uSenebia~ _ cxovrobda?! `saWiroa wera ki ara, danaxva viswavloT~

antuan de sent egziuperi pirvelma msoflio omma 9 milionze meti sicocx­ le STanTqa, meorem 50 mil­ ionze metis. am omSi 3 mil­ ionianma saqarTvelom 900 aTasamde meomari gaagzav­ na fronts. msgavsi ram ki maSinac ar momxdara, roca saomrad qudze kaci ga­ modioda. brZolis velze 350 aTasze meti qarTveli daeca. marto qerCTan, sul raRac or kviraSi, 120 aTasi vaJkaci aResrula, rac rom Cveni erisTvis biologiur katastrofas udrida.

Zvel romSi, istoriis erT periodSi, kerZod ki _ samoqalaqo omis dros, imdeni axalgazrda daiRupa, rom erTma senatorma, senatSi gamosvlisas aRSfo­ TebiT warmosTqva: `es igivea, rom wlis oTxi sezoni­ dan, gazafxuli gaaqroo~. aqve davsZen, rom marto Cems mSobliur sofel _ doesidan, 392 axalgazrdidan Sin, mxolod 132 qarTve­ li dabrunda. omebis Sedegad istoriis manZilze, uamravma adami­ anma SeigrZno tyveobisa da monobis saSineli xvedris simware. troadas omSi (1184 w. Zv. w. aR.) troadel­ Ta damarcxebis Semdeg, gamarjvebulma berZnebma me­ fiswulebi xarebSi gadacvales da monebad gahyides

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kunZul samosze, lemnosze da imbrosze. troadas me­ fis _ priamosis coli _ hekuba da misi qaliSvili poliqsenic monebad hyavdaT berZnebs. sakiTxs ki sxvaTa qveynebis dapyrobisa da xalxTa datyveveba-damonebis Sesaxeb ara survili, aramed Zala swyvetda... da roca es Zala aRmoaCndeboda mowinaaRmdeges, maSin saxelm­ wifos survili mTavrdeboda imiT, rom isini, dampy­ robi mefis (da samefos) etlis gamwevad, Taviseburi zooparkis eqsponatebad xdebodnen. Zvel wyaroebSi aseve vkiTxulobT, rom asurbanipali dadioda etliT, romelSic oTxi yofili mefe hyavda Sebmuli. sainteresoa, rom sxva xalxTa, maTi qonebisa da si­ cocxlis xelSi Casagdebad warmoebul omebs maSindel drosa da didad samwuxaro-samarcxvinod, bevrni dRe­ sac samarTlianad miiCneven. omis gziT tyveTa Sesaxeb mravali cnoba Semogvi­ naxa istoriam; berZen-sparselTa omebSi (492-449 ww.), gamarjvebulma berZnebma, mravali aTasi sparseli aqcies monad da `cocxali saqonliT~ gadaavses saber­ ZneTis bazrebi. marto 469 wels evrimedonTan mogebu­ li brZolis Sedegad, aTenis armiis sardalma _ kimon­ ma 20 aTasi sparseli gayida monad. monas ki, Calis fasi hqonda. Zvel arabeTSi cxeni Tu 100 vercxli Rirda, tyve-mona, sul raRac 5 ver­ cxlad iyideboda. omis gziT, sxva na­ davl-alafis mopovebasTan erTad, tyveTa xelSi Cagde­ ba imdenad arsebiTi iyo, rom jer kidev omis dawyebamde, Semtevi armiebi, momaval tyveTaTvis, winaswar iW­ erdnen garkveul Tadarigs. karTagenis armiebs omSi, mo­ maval tyveTaTvis, urmebiT

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Tan, aTasobiT borkili mihqondaT.gancdili marcxis Sedegad ki, erTxel, maT mier damzadebuli borkilebi, romaelebma, Tavad karTagenelebs `argunes~.

Zveli welTaRricxviT 65 wels, romis Zlevamosil­ ma armiam, pompeusis sardlobiT, mcxeTaSi, iberiis (qarTlis) mefe artagi daamarcxa. romis mravalricx­ ovan regularul armiasTan uTanasworo brZolaSi, plutarqes gadmocemiT, gmirulad, 9 aTasi qarTveli meomari daeca. tyved Cavardnilni, maT Soris sami winamZRoli, apianes gadmocemiT, romSi, pompeusis triumfisTvis gaagzavnes. roca amdagvar faqtebze vsaubrobT, ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom sxva epoqa idga maSin. Tumc, epo­ qebs mainc adamianebi vqmniT. es is droa, roca Zala, samarTlis kodeqsad iyo aRiarebuli. tyveobis beds ki iziarebdnen ara mxolod `politikis mkeTebeli~ me­ feni, aramed aseul aTasobiT adamiani, jariskaci, Tu azrovnebis sakanSi gamoketili moazrovne filoso­ fosnic.... da raoden paradoqsaluria, rom msgavsi ram dResac meordeba. stalingradidan _ stalinis mSobel qalaqSi

1942 wlis 15 noembers, dilis 7 saaTsa da 30 wuTze, samxreT-dasavleTis doni-stalingradis frontis jar­ ebma, volgis cixe-simagreze, grigaliseburi Sturmi daiw­ yes... sami dRis Semdeg feld­ marSal pauliusis 330 aTas ka­ ciani me-6 armia da me-4 satanko armia, alyaSi moaqcies. mesame dRes, mesame raixis imperiaSi, samdRiani glova gamocxadda. berlinma ZaZebi Caicva. aqedan daiwyo germanel tyveTa gadanawileba sabWo­

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Ta kavSiris sxvadasxva regionebSi, maT Soris, saqarT­ veloSic. samarTlianoba moiTxovs, iTqvas, rom ger­ maneli samxedro tyveebi SedarebiT zomier klimatur zonebSi gaamweses. erT-erTi aseTTagani ki saqarTve­ loa... TviTmxilvelni igoneben, rom isini erTmaneTs ulocavdnen `samoTxeSi~ moxvedras. maTi namaSvrali maleve aisaxa saqarTvelos infra­ struqturasa Tu qveynis ier-saxeze, saxalxo meurneo­ basa da zogadad, saqarTveloze. maT mier aigo xidebi, sacxovrebeli saxlebi, hidroeleqtrosadgurebi, dai­ go gzebi, moewyo dambebi. maT saxels ukavSirdeba mdin­ are engurze, afxazeTTan damakavSirebeli xidis mSene­ bloba, saqarTvelos parlamentis gamorCeuli nageboba TbilisSi da sxva uamravi arqiteqtoruli sinatifiT qmnili materialuri, Tu kulturuli Zegli. germanel tyveTa sakmaod didi nakadi gorSic Camoi­ yvanes. _ sabWouri propagandis miu­xe­davad, gorelebi ar gaxldiT maTdami mtrulad ganwyobilni, piriqiT ki, _ gvesaubreba damsaxurebuli Jurnalisti, 90 wels mi­ tanebuli goreli moqalaqe batoni Salva varZelaSvi­ li da ganagrZobs, _ maT mimarT erTgvar gulis siTbosa da TanagrZnobas gamovxatavdiT. tyveTa umweobam, gausaZlis­ ma sulierma da socialurma yofam CvenSi, adamianuri si­ bralulisa da gulmowyalebis grZnoba gaamZafra. isini saoc­ rad Sromismoyvare, amasTan, maRali Sinagani kulturiT gamorCeuli adamianebi iyvnen.

SemiZlia dabejiTebiT giTx­ raT, rom germanelma tyveebma gorsa da, zogadad, saqarTve­

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loSi Sromisadmi damokidebulebis axleburi xelwera daamkvidres, sakuTari kvali daamCnies goris ier-sax­ es daxvewili teqnikiTa da erTob originaluri ar­ qiteqtoruli maneriT. kargad maxsovs maTi gorSi cx­ ovrebis (Tuki, ra Tqma unda, maT mZime yofas cxovrebas davarqmevdiT) wlebi. isini, ZiriTadad, saamSeneblo saqmianobiT iyvnen dakavebulni. sxvaTa Soris, Cemi Zma, aw gardacvlili vano varZelaSvili, samSeneblo sam­ marTvelos erT-erT pasuxsageb Tanamdebobaze muSaob­ da da uSualod mas uxdeboda germanel samxedro tyveebTan urTierToba. CemT­ vis mas xSirad uTqvams, rom isini saukeTeso mSeneblebi da TviTdisciplinirebuli xalxia. erTxel isic dasZina, rom swored maT Semoitanes da daamkvidres sawarmoo kultu­ ra saqarTveloSio. mec mqonia maTTan Sexvedris SemTxvevebi. erTi tyveTagani, mkacrnakv­ Tiani, Tumc Zalze Tbili bunebis raini, binaSic mwvevia, Tavi mudam Rirseulad eWira. stumari ki, rogorc CvenSi ityvian, RvTisaa. erTxel, sadilobisas, mzera karga xnis dadumebul, kedelze mibneul antikvarul saaTs _ `parizs~ miapyro. dainteresda, Tu ratom ar muSaobda igi. avuxseni, rom misi SekeTeba veranairma xelosanma ver moaxerxa da rom saaTi kedlis mSvenebasRa war­ moadgenda. misi Semowmebis nebarTva mTxova... da sul ramdenime wuTSi, wlobiT garindulma saaTma, saamo wikwiki daiwyo, rac rom dRemde ar gaCerebula. davin­ teresdi, _ ganagrZobs batoni Salva, _ mesaaTe xom ar iyo. Cemi aRfrTovanebiT saxedamTbarma rainma momigo, rom profesiiT maswavlebelia, Tumc sxva, damxmare

16

specialobebic gaaCnda. xelsaqmeoba ki germaniaSi, mo­ gexsenebaT, moqalaqis erTgvar socialur imunitet­ sac warmoadgens da umuSevrobis SemTxvevaSi icavs mas realuri gansacdelisagan. saaTis SekeTebiT dakavebul rains Zalumad SeamC­ nevdiT, rom igi saaTs sakuTari Rirsebis Sesaferi­ sad akeTebda, Tanac ise saguldagulod, ifiqrebdiT, araTu saaTobiT, Tveebis manZilzec SeeZlo pedanturad gaemeorebina amgvari moqmedeba da ara naiZular, daR­ lil-gaborotebuli kacis xalisiT, mxolod kmayo­ filebis grZnobiT... ramdenime wuTSi, Tavis adgilas dabrunebulma drois mauwyebelma drosve auwyo fexi da nanatri wikwikiT aRavso oTaxSi dagubebuli sivrce.

Semdeg saojaxo albomic davaTvalierebine. siam­ ovnebiTa da maluli, TavSekavebuli RimiT dahyureb­ da Sig Cakrul fotoebs... vigrZeni, ras warmoidgen­ da im wuTas Cemi germaneli tyve-stumari. Tvalwin damidga, rogor miuyveba gaZvaltyavebul fexebiT Sinisaken mimaval viwro biliks qveynidan, sadac omma da bedisweram moaxvedra. misi saxis gamometyveleba­ ze vgrZnobdi, rom albomis TvalierebiT, ojaxisgan wlobiT mowyvetiT gamowveul nostalgiasac ikmayofilebda. simarTle giTxraT, _ miambobs mxcovani Jurnalisti, _ samarcx­ vino omze saubars, orive gavur­ bodiT. Sinaganad gvrcxvenoda kidec misi gaxsenebisa. Tumc, orive friad amazrzeni faqtis winaSe videqiT. es omi gaxldaT sastiki, ramac Cven, ubralo mok­ vdavni, erTmaneTis mtrebad gvaq­ cia. im wuTas ki me da raini mtrebi ki ara, Cveulebrivi, RvTisagan qm­ nili ubralo adamianebi viyaviT.

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minda giTxraT, rom saocrad yuradRebianma rainma, re­ patriaciis wina dRes, gamosamSvidobeblad momakiTxa, sa­ maxsovrod sakuTari xeliT damzadebuli WurWlis kara­ da da sawoli taxti momiZRvna. marTlac rom dRemoklea mxsovnelica da saxsovaric, Tumc, CemTvis, yvelaferi es, guSindeli dRea mxolid. misgan, keTili guliT naboZi, dResac amSvenebs Cems suls da Cems sacxovriss. miuxedavad totaluri gaWirvebisa, siamayiT ge­ tyviT, rom gorelebi uSurvelad vunawilebdiT sa­ kuTar lukmas germanel tyveebs, romelTa Soris Cemi damegobrebuli rainic gaxldaT. yovelTvis me­ maxsovreba CvenSi, durglad momuSave kacis saxe da misgan damSvidobebisas Tqmuli fraza, romelic sul ramodenime sityvaSi daetia: `arasodes damaviwydebiT Tqven da sikeTiT, mimteveblobiTa da raindobiT ga­ morCeuli gorelebi~. siamis cremlmoreulma batonma Salvam Tvali kvlav kedelze mibneul `parizs~ miapyro da siamayiT, odnav gasagonad, warmoTqva _ `netav, sad aris axla raini?..~ ...da marTlac, arc unda gvikvirdes Cven, qarTvelebs, batoni Salvas naambobi. bolosdabolos, `rwyili da WianWvelac~ xom Cveni dawerilia, sxva, filosofiur traqtatebs rom Tavi davaneboT... da roca qarTvele­ bi, gorelebi mSier tyves lukmas uyofdnen, maTdami siTbo-Tanadgomas gamoxatavdnen, amiT maT gadarCenis, Sin dabrunebis imeds usaxavdnen, rac umTavresi iyo maTTvis. imedi ki, mogexsenebaT, puria kacisa. ise ki, adamianma imden xans unda icocxlos, vidre es sicocx­ le, saamqveynio saqmisTvis sWirdeba. aseT siyvaruls, marTlac rom, fskeri ar gaaCnia... `rac mtrobas daungrevia~... goris cixe im cixe _ burjTagania, romlis veeba ke­ dlebs SigniT, Tu mis misadgomebTan, bevrad metia sisx­ li daRvrili, vidre rom wyali, mis asagebad daxarju­

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li. gmir winaparTa sisxliT gaJRenTil, maT ZvalTa ukidega­ no kidobani, sauku­ neTa sawierze icav­ da qristianobasa da qarTulobas eTnosis moZule mterTagan. istoriis manZilze daWril-dasaxiCre­ bulma, qongureb mravalgzis Calewilma, SeZlo da Cve­ namde moitana mis mkerdSi saimedod gamokruli Rire­ bulebani, zneobrivi normebi _ gulmowyaleba, sikeTe, siqvele, patiosneba... me-20 saukunis 40-iani wlebis gorelebmac Seaxsenes samyaros, rom saqarTvelo udidesi tolerantuli warsulisa da uaRresad maRali kulturis qveyanaa. gorelebs xom sabWoTa reJimisa da komendantis saa­ Tis pirobebSi, udidesi riskis qveS, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom namdvil brZolis velze, partizanulad, malu­ lad uxdebodaT hqmna sikeTisa, brZola zneobriv Ri­ rebulebisaTvis, adamianisTvis! maTi kacurkacuri SemarTeba RirsebiT aRavsebs dazafrul dRevandelo­ bas, gva­Ronivrebs da gvaqvs kidec ime­dianobis safuZ­ veli; sikeTec gadamdebia. surnelovani yva­vili, sur­ nels mofens danarCenT. frTebic xom freniT magrdeba, mTavaria movindomoT, mTavaria gviyvardes, mTavaria SevundoT erT­ maneTs. _ germanel tyveTa pirve­ li nakadi gor­ Si rom Camoiy­ vanes, guSindel dResaviT dam­

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amaxsovrda. isini, ZiriTadaT, samSeneblo saqmianobiT hyavdaT dakavebulni. _ gviambobs ZirZveli goreli da goris cocxali mematiane, batoni gogi dalaqiSvili. _ erT-erTi aseTi ubanTagani, `samxedro qalaqi~ gaxldaT, sadac e.w. `legionis teritoriaze~, isini, yazarmebisT­ vis Senoba, damxmare saTavsoebs, maT Soris mZime teqnikis gadazidvis saWiroebisaTvis, sajiniboebs aSenebdnen. qalaqis am nawilSi, kulturul RonisZiebaTa Casatare­ blad, germanel tyveTa mier, klubic aSenda, samxedro moxeleTaTvis ki, orsarTuliani sacxovrebeli korpusi. aqve davsZen, rom maT saxels ukavSirdeba is sacxovrebeli saxlebi, romlebic dResac saukeTesod gamoiyurebian qalaq­ is `kombinatisa~ da `eleqtrofikaciis~ dasaxlebaSi, Tumc garegan movla-pa­ tronobas mainc saW­ iroeben. (v.S.). germaneli tyvee­ bi saamSeneblo saq­ mianobas, q. goris kulturisa da dasvenebis parkis teritoriazec eweodnen. _ kmayofilebiT askvnis ba­ toni gogi da ganagrZobs. _ maT mier iqna Semovlebuli `axalbaRis~ SemomzRudavi metalis CarCoiani betonis mkvidri Robe-kedeli. swored maTi xeldasmiT Seicva­ la xis meseri, rkinis lazaTiani RobiT. bevr gorels SesaZloa arc ki axsovdes, odesRac umSvenieresi, mt­ kvris marcxena napirze, Zveli xidis bolodan, kul­ turisa da dasvenebis parkamde mdebare sanapiro, Ramis umSvenieresi lampionebiT; sanapiroze Casvla xidis bolodan xdeboda, amosvla ki, uSualod, parkis SesasvlelTan, kibis safexurebiT... da rac gansakuTre­ biT xazgasasmelia, germanel tyveTa mier aigo germani­

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is dedaqalaq berlinSi aRm­ arTul e.w. `bran­denburgis WiSkris~ ms­ gavsi, Tumc momcro zomis unikaluri, me vityodi Sesan­ iSnavi, umSve­ nieresi arqiteqturuli Zegli, qalaqis mSveneba _ park­ is kolonada _ Sesasvleli. iyo dro, roca is, qalaqis kulturuli mozaikis erT-erTi margaliti _ mSveneba gaxldaT da vSiSob istoriis wiaRSi ar Caikargos igi. batoni gogis gulistki­vils, danarCen gorelebTan erTad, mec viziareb da davsZen, rom misgan samwuxa­ rod, naSTebiRaa SemorCenili, mogonebebi mxolod germanel tyveTa SromiT, adamianur urTierTobaTa warsulidan. Tumc vfiqrob, iavarqmnili panoramidan, erTiani suraTis aRdgena arqiteqtorebs, ar gauWird­ ebaT. aRniSnuli nageboba, romlis Semogareni dRes an­ tisanitariis keras warmoadgens, didad sasurvelia da vfiqrob aucilebelic aRdges, aRorZindes swored im saxiT, rogoric iyo gasuli saukunis 40-iani wlebidan moyolebuli qarTlis am RvTiTkurTxeul qalaqSi. mjera, rom igi, goris kulturuli memkvidreobis or­ ganul nawilad da mis savizito baraTadac gadaiqceva, Tu iqna mondomeba xelisufalTagan. es adamianebi sakuTari cxovrebis we­siT da germanel tyveTa mimarT, marTlac rom saarako gancdiT, uza­ do, uangaro gulmowyalebiT, alamazebdnen Cvens pa­ tara gorsa da gorelebs. moqalaqeobrivi ru­dunebiT, Cumad, uxmaurod, malulad, lamis iatakqveSeTidan, asrulebdnen erTi SexedviT TiTqos Cveulebriv, ada­ mianur movaleobas, Tumca aseTi, maSin, ikrZaleboda,

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idevneboda da isjeb­ oda kidec... diax, is­ jeboda adamianisa da adamianuri saqcieli, rac rom paradoqsia kacobriobisa. ise ki, sikeTe _ patiosnebaze saubari, arc dRes iT­ vleba didad saamayod da adamianis mTavar preferenciad?! maTi saqmeni, sulieri udrekobis simbolo da zneo­ brivi nimuSia erisa. am adamianebma uari Tqves pirad keTildReobaze da uzarmazari simxneviT SeeWidnen jojoxeTur sirTuleebs _ brZolas adamianisaTvis, adamianis da adamianurobis pativsacemad. qarqaSSi Caugebel xmalsaviT Wirisuflebad daudgnen umweo tyveebs. ...da Tu kaci, qarTul fsiqologias Rrmad Cawvdeba da mis uTvalsawiero istorias Seiswavlis, amis pasuxsac iolad ipovis. msgavsi ram, mxolod Zli­ er adamianebs ZaluZT, xelewifebaT. ise ki, yofili sabWoTa kavSiris masStabiT, yvelaze naklebi tyve germaneli, saqarTveloSi rom daiRupa, esec qarTveli xalxis damsaxurebad unda miviCnioT. _ Sinaganad mowesrigebuli, uaRresad Tavaziani da TviTdisciplinirebuli adamianebi iyvnen. _ mogviTx­ robs batoni gogi da mcire pauzis Semdeg guldinjad ganagrZobs CvenTan saubars. _ imdenad organizebulni, rom samuSaod gzad mimaval mwyobrs, sul ori-sami, Stik­ moxsnili SaSxaniT SeiaraRebuli badragi Tu acilebda.

1944 wels, gorSi, lomouris quCaze mdebare ba­ zari, dRevandeli bazris teritoriaze iqna gadat­ anili, romelic daxuruli Senobis gareSe, karga xans funqcionirebda. aRniSnuli savaWro dawesebuleba, Ria tipis bazari, Tavisi daxlebiTa da avtonomiu­

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ri sanitaruli kvanZebiT, uni­ kaluri sakanali­ zacio sistemebiT, germanel tyve­ Ta mier moewyo... da es maSin, roca aseTi, mxolod guramiSvilis, wereTelisa da leninis (amJamindeli samefo) quCebs gaaCndaT, rac Se­ exeba daxuruli bazris Senobas, igi mogvianebiT, 196570 wlebSi aSenda. am dros Cautarda bazris mimdebare teritorias Zirfesviani rekonstruqcia; aRebul iqna Zveli, usaxuri Senobebi _ swored am periodSi aigo av­ tosadgurisa da sastumro `kolmeurne~-s Senoba. ger­ manel tyveTa saxels ukavSirdeba bazris siaxloves mdebare mcire skveris mowyoba da mis irgvliv Semov­ lebuli betonis zRude (1, 2 m.). _ SemiZlia giTxraT, rom germanelTa aSenebulia goris stadionic _ dabejiTebiT irwmuneba batoni gogi. _ Tavis droze, am ulamazesi nagebobis Tavka­ ci ki, goreli inJiner-mSenebeli, simon maRalaSvili gaxldaT. maSin, stadionis moculoba, savsebiT akmay­ ofilebda qalaqis moTxovnebs, manamde ki, stadionis funqcias, kulturisa da dasvenebis parkis dasalier­ Si mdebare, triali mindori asrulebda, raRa Tqma unda tribunebisa da skamebis gareSe. safexburTo mat­ Cebs mayurebeli, fexze mdgomi adevnebda Tvals. mind­ vris daxazva ki, TamaSis dawyebamde ori saaTiT adre, wyalSi gaxsnili kiriT xdeboda. germanel tyveTa mier aSenebul goris stadions rekonstruqcia, mosaxleobis zrdasTan dakavSire­ biT, 1965-70 wlebSi Cautarda. moewyo damatebiTi tribunebi, sanitaruli kvanZebi, infrastruqtur­

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is obieqtebi; sta­ dionis ganaTebi­ saTvis daidga saproJeqtoro anZebi, damontaJ­ da tabloebi, fun­ qcionireba daiwyo radiokvanZma... kargad max­sovs samuSao ubnebze mwyobriT mimavali germaneli tyveebi. Cemi ufrosi Zma _ oTar dalaqiSvili, germanel tyveTa aTeulis xelmZ­ Rvanelad e.w. `desiatnikad~ muSaobda, saerTo xelmZ­ Rvanelobas ki sxva adgilobrivi inJinrebi uwevdnen. jgufSi, sadac oTari muSaobda, profesiiT inJineri germaneli stumrobda ojaxs da purRvinobis monawilec araerTxel gamxdara; misi xeliT damzadebuli tumbura, masTan urTierTobis mogonebad aqcia droebam. mec mqonia maTTan Sexvedrebi, Tumc arapirdapiri, rameTu maSin TxuTmetiode wlis biWi viyavi. erTxel, dedam, Cvens ezos moaxlebuli tyve _ germanelisTvis, puri da Semwvari Warxali gamoitana saxlidan; mTxo­ va, mimerTmia gansacdelSi STenil RvTisSvilisaTvis.

Cveni gulmowyalebiT gakvirvebulma `danke-dankeo~, _ Tavazianad mogviZRvna madloba da gagvecala. ...axlaRa vxvdebi, ratom Tavad ar daapura dedam germaneli _ saxedamTbari mommarTavs batoni gogi. _ Svilis kacTmoyvareobis principebze aRzrda, xom mSob­lis pirveli rigis amocanaa odes. xSirad msmenia dedisgan, _ Tu kaci gsurs iyo, didsulovnad Sendo­ bac unda SegeZlos... da, rom mTavari is ki araa, iyo marTali, mTavaria iyo didsulovani.

WeSmaritad! naRdi adamianica da naRdi qristian­ ic xom isaa, sakuTari maTaridan keTrovans wyals rom daalevinebs?!

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Cven, yvela, Rv­ TisSvilebi varT, amqveynad! i s t o r i a s Tvals vervin dauxuWavs...

ZiriTadi sare­ konstruqcio samuSaoebi gorSi, gasuli saukunis 30-ian wlebSi daiwyo, ramac Zirfesvianad Secvala qa­ laqi gori. gafarTovda quCebi, moewyo moednebi, aigo uamravi sazogadoebrivi, Tu sacxovrebeli Senoba-nage­ boba, maT Soris goris dramatuli Teatri (1935 w. ar­ qiteqtori S. TavaZe, m. CxikvaZe), xidi mdinare liaxvze (1938 w. arqiteqtori s. satunti), sastumro `inturis­ ti~ (1956 w. arqiteqtori q. foraqiSvili, sokolova, a. qurdiani), i. b. stalinis saxl-muzeumi (1955 w. ar­ qiteqtori a. qurdiani), samecniero-kvleviTi insti­ tuti (1956 w. arqiteqtori m. SaviSvili, Tanaavtori z. cqitiSvili), samxatvro saswavlebeli 1972 w. ar­ qiteqtori vl. cincaZe). 1947 wels ki daiwyo bambeu­ lis kombitatis muSa-mosamsaxureTa dasaxlebis mSene­ bloba (arqiteqtori l. sumbaZe), xolo 1957 wels i. b. stalinis saxlis CrdiloeTiT (Zveli saxli) muzeumis orsarTuliani Senoba (arqiteqtori a. qurdiani). aSen­ da goris stadioni, sacxovrebeli korpusebi, saxlebi, moikirwyla quCebi, keTilmoewyo skverebi da parkebi, mowerigda qalaqis infrastruqtura, sakanalizacio sistemebi, daigo gzebi, Caisxa dambebi... da roca qalaq goris aRmSeneblobaze vsaubrobT, ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom am procesebSi aqtiurad germaneli samxedro tyveebic monawileobdnen.

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ori sityva amaRlebisaTvis marTali aris, germaneli tyve piris garmoniT ukravda baxso? _ damdevs patara zaza mTeli dRe da mec vuyvebi, radganac maxsovs, rogor avlebda axal baRs Robes (ver mounaxav im Robes damSlels) purs vuzidavdiT: `miirTviT, ober!~ is xis Tojinebs gviTlida bavSvebs. da roca garmons uberavda suls, dunais talRebs gvigrZnobda tani da guli omis Rrubelgadasul caze wveTavda _ daWrili daniT. rodesac Jami dgeboda kvebis, bohemiis tye iwyebda Srials: `ar dauSinoT, bavSvebo. qvebi, germanel tyveebs Zalian SiaT�. siyrme yovelTvis meamayeba, gonebac xSirad ukan miiltvis, roca mWirdeba me amaRleba, or sityvas vambob: `ober, miirTviT!~ jemal injia

poeti

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`wi puka~, `qvis yvavili~ da Cven... cnobili moRvawis, qalbaton sesili xuciSvilis mogonebidan: _ bavSvi viyavi, Tumc kargad maxsovs, Cvens ezoSi, Celiuskinelebis quCaze (amJamindeli kastelis) gaTx­ rili pirveli TavSesafari, sadac `saxlobanas~ vTa­ maSobdiT. axlac mzaravs sahaero gangaSis mauwyebeli sirenis Semzaravi xmis gaxseneba, TvalTagan ar mSor­ deba goris cixeze ganlagebuli `zenitkebi~, ubileTo, daupatiJebel stumrebs Cveni sahaero sivrce rom ar daerRviaT. ubnis saTamaSo moedanTan axlos, milici­ is ganyofileba iyo ganTavsebuli da gangaSis dros, miliciis TavSesafarSi mivyavdiT. arasdros damavi­ wydeba, rogor momirbenina Cemma Zmam, jerac mxurvale Wurvis namsxvrevi, germanelebma qalaqis baRis, `axal­ baRis~ teritoriaze, leninisa da stalinis Zeglis si­ axloves rom Camoagdes.

Cemi skolaSi swavlis wlebi im dros daemTxva, roca gorSi, germaneli tyveebi gamoCndnen. tyveTa erTi brigada, cixis ubanSi, quCebis mokirwyvliT samuSaoebs asrulebda, sxvaTaSoris Cveni, maSindeli Celiuski­ nelebis quCac maTi mokirwylulia. minda giTxraT, rom gorelTa didi umravlesoba, ar iyo maTdami agre­ siulad ganwyobili. ufro metic, maT keTili guliTa da alali lukmiTac umaspinZldebodnen; bevri CvenTa­ ganis axloblebi jerac ar iyvnen omidan dabrunebul­ ni da gvsurda aseTive gulmowyalebiT mopyrobodnen maT, rogorc Cven, germanelebs vepyrobodiT. tyveTa erTi jgufi goris cixeze, wyalmomaragebis sistemisa da rezervuaris samSeneblo-sarestavracio samuSaoebs asrulebda. brigadis samuSaoTa mwarmoebe­ li ki, batoni rafiel axobaZe gaxldaT. badragis Tva­ lis asaxvevad, winaswar SerCeul adgilas vawyobdiT germanel tyveTaTvis Cvens mier mopovebul sakvebs.

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im dros, Cvens ubanSi, umravlesobas Tone, garkveu­ li mcire meurneoba hqonda mowyobili. ase, rom Siga­ daSig Tbili puriTa da zogjer, erbokvercxiTac ki vumaspinZldebodiT, Tumc riskis fasad. germanel tyveTa erTi nawili, _ kmayofilebiT ga­ nagrZobs CvenTan saubars qalbatoni sesili, _ stalin­ is quCaze mdebare qalTa #1 skolasTan (direqtori q-ni veriko CikoiZe) muSaobda, didi interesiT vadevneb­ diT Tvals maT SromiT saqmianobas da roca Soridan gavZaxebdiT `hitler kaput, hitler kaput~-s, mSvi­ dad, Tavis qneviT `kaput, kaput~-o, gvidasturebd­ nen abezar bavSvebs. TiToeuli tyve jariskacisTvis, saxeli gvqonda SerCeuli. maTgan, yvelaze ufross, maRals, mxrebSi odnav moxrils _ `moxucs~ veZaxdiT; erTs ki, qudze, e.w. `pilotkaze~ mibneuli metalis yvavilis emblemis gamo _ `qvis yvavils~. gvyavda `wipu­ kac~, momcro tanis axalgazrda germaneli, romelmac Tavisi saojaxo fotoebi gvaCvena. sagulisxmoa isic, rom bevr maTgans, gulis jibeSi, uflis da wmindanTa xatebi hqondaT Semonaxuli, zogierTi maTgani maT, agreTve tyveTaTvis gankuTvnil, normirebul sapnis naWrebs, sakvebze cvlida (qristianoba socializmis naRverdalSic ki enTo qarTvelebSi). ase, rom TandaTanobiT, skolis moswavleebsa da tyve germanelebs Soris, erTob Tbili urTierToba damyarda, miuxedavad badragTa sifxizlisa, rogor­ Rac mainc vaxerxebdiT maTTvis xilis Cirisa, Tu simin­ dis taroebis miwodebas. Cven xom bavSvebi viyaviT da maincdamainc ar vipyrobdiT maT zedamxedvelTa yur­ adRebas?! germanelebi kmayofilebiT iRebdnen saCuqrebs, Tumc mokrZalebiT gvTxovdnen maTTvis, Tu es SesaZle­ beli iqneboda, xaxvi da niori migvewodebina, daavade­ baTa saprofilaqtikod. amasTan gvTxovdnen gazeTebs, tanze Semosakvrelad, rogorc yinvisagan damcav

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saSualebas. danapirebs, rogorc SegveZlo, ise vas­ rulebdiT; saskolo CanTebi wignebis nacvlad, Cvens mier maTTvis mopovebuli sakvbiT gvqonda gamotenili, romelTac skolaSi misvlisTanave, vacarielebdiT. qarTveli kaci stumrad mosul ucxotomels ki ara, sakuTar marCenal xarsac, `Seni WirimeTi~ esalbune­ boda; `Se samgleo~, _ amasac siyvaruliT, moferebiT SemosZaxebda. swored am siyvarulma moafiqrebina qa­ rTvels sayevari, manve mianiWa davrdomilTa fexze wamoyenebis RvTiuri Zala, unari. qarTveli rom ojaxis WiSkars gagiRebs, esec xe­ lovnebaa, aqedan iwyeba Cveni eTnosis cxovreba WeS­ marit kulturaSi. saWiro dros da saWiro SemTxveva­ Si qarTveli kacis Sinagani konstituciis muxlebi amoqmeddeba xolme, rasac moyvasis siyvaruli, waqceu­ lis fexze wamoyeneba, misi dacva da masze zrunva hqvia. winaparTagan Zvlamde gvaqvs dasul-Sesisxlxorce­ buli gulmowyaleba. ZirZvel RirebulebaTaTvis Seuracxyofa da xelyofa ki, Tundac SinaurTagan, is­ eTive saxifaToa, rogorc mSier vefxisTvis, nadavlis warTmevis uRimRamo mcdeloba. arc xmlis moqneva daz­ arebiaT, arca guTnis dedoba. uscenaro cxovrebiT cx­ ovrobdnen da akeTebdnen imas, rasac Sinagani mrwamsi da zena karnaxobda. marad mzad iyvnen Tavi gaewiraT simarTlisa da siyvarulisTvis. uTuod saamayo, legendaruli warsulica gvaqvs _ winaparTagan sisxliT SemonarCunebuli miwa-wyali da kacTmoyvare tradiciebi... da gana patara tbebi miwis­ qveSa wyaroebiT ar sazrdooben?!... yvelaze did, vee­ berTela xomaldsac xom misive Ruza amagrebs Zlieri Stormisas. yovel xes Tavisi fesvebi aqvs, yovel mdin­ ares _ Tavisi saTave. uwylod mdinare ver idens, ufes­ vod ki tye ver gaizrdeba.

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`Cven cremliT vacilebdiT germanel tyveebs~... goris kulturisa da dasvenebis, igive axalbaRis Sesasvleli kolonada, rom namdvilad germanel tyve­ Ta mieraa nagebi, amas Rvawlmosili, ZirZveli gore­ li, qalbatoni makine qarumiZe-gogiaSvilisac gvidas­ turebs _ ai, ra gviambo man: _ uzomod miyvars Cemi qalaqi gori da gorele­ bi; erTi dRiTac miWirs masTan ganSoreba. agvistos omis jojoxeTur dReebSic ver damZres Cemi saxlidan Svilebma da SviliSvilebma. Tu rodesme momiwia go­ ris datoveba, sul ramodenime dRiT sxvagan wasvla, Sin mosvlisas Cemi meuRle damcinavad, siyvaruliT metyoda, _ ai, esec Seni gorio. rac Seexeba Tqvens SekiTxvas, dabejiTebiT Sem­ iZlia giTxraT, rom axalbaRis, mtkvris mxares mdebare Sesasv­ leli-kolonada, romlis fragmen­ tebiRa SemogvrCa gorelebs, Cven­ da samarcxvinod, sworedac rom germanelma tyveebma aaSenes; Tumca, ram­ denad ukavSirdeba igi e.w. `brandenburgis karibWes~, amas namdvilad ver getyviT _ SesaZloa igi, peter­ burgSi aRmarTuli msgavsi arqiteqturuli Zeglis identuric iyos, (qarTul arqiteqturaSi, me-20 sauku­ nis dasawyisidan, Cndeba axali niSnebi, romlebic cxa­ dhyofen rusuli klasicizmis gavlenas saqarTveloSi. v.S.). msurs aqve davsZino, rom es mSvenieri qmnileba da misi mimdebare sanapiro zoli, mudam gaCaxCaxebuli,

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amasTan sicocxliT savse, sazogadoebis, Seyvarebul­ Ta TavSeyris erTob elegantur adgils warmoadgenda. minda giTxraT, rom gorelebi saocrad Tbil damok­ idebulebas iCendnen tyveTa mimarT. rogorc SegveZlo da riTac SegveZlo, ise vexmarebodiT. erTma tyveTa­ ganma TavdaviwyebiT Seiyvara Cemi ufrosi da _ maria­ mi, romelsac Zowis oqros jvari da vercxlis sadilis kovzi miuZRvna, gulTan erTad. Tumca Cemma dam xelis Txovnaze uari ganucxada. axlac maxsovs, Cveni saxlis siaxloves, abanosken mi­ mavali tyve-germanelebi. rogorRac vaxerxebdiT da malulad, SigadaSig, lukmas vuyofdiT sacodavebs. rodesac germaneli tyveebi Sin, germaniaSi dab­ rundnen, maTi monaTxrobi Cveni tolerantobisa da maTdami esoden gulmowyale, keTili damokidebule­ bani, adgilobrivebma ararealobad, erTgvar leg­ endebad, gazviadebul monaCmaxad aRiqves. verc ki warmoedginaT yovelive es, rameTu Tavadac uTqvamT, amdagvar gulmowyalebas rogor gamoiCendnen, roca Cven maT axloblebs, esoden sastikad vuswordebodi­ To, Tumca `Cveni germanelebi~ `skeptikosT~, damajer­ ebeli argumentebiT, sxva gzas ar utovebdnen, garda imisa, rom daejerebinaT is, rac rom sinamdvileSi xde­ boda. ise ki, Svilo, arc Cvens moqmedebebSi iyo raime ucxo, ucnauri da gasakviri. Cven vakeTebdiT imas, rac TiToeul adamians unda gaekeTebina, roca adamians Sia, swyuria, Sen unda moiklo da mas uwilado. naTq­ vamicaa, puris mTxovneli, mlocvelicaao. maxsovs, ra eniT auwereli sixaruli _ zeaRtaceba daeuflaT, roca repatriaciis Jamma uwia germanel tyveebs. axlac Tvalwin midgas goris rkinigzis sad­ gurisaken germaniaSi gasamgzavreblad, mSobliuri simRerebiTa da gabrwyinebuli saxeebiT mwyobriT mimaval tyveTa kolonebi, xelis Tbili moZraobiT rom gvemSvidobebodnen; swori, xmauriani nabijebiT

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tovebdnen gors, sadac rom zogierTma maTganma mTe­ li 4-5 welic ki gaatara, iSroma, iofla da kvalic daamCnia ZvelTaZvel qalaqs. maTTan erTad, tyveTa sixaruli Cvenc gvaxarebda rameTu germanelTa wuxilma Segvaxsena yvelas, rom adamianebi varT yvela am cisqveSeTSi, pirvelyovlisa.

TvalTagan cremlebs ver vikavebdiT da qarTuli crem­ liT Sinisaken gzas vulocavdiT `Cvens daupatiJebel stumarT _ germanel tyveebs~. ise ki, Tu kaci qarTul fsiqologias bolomde Caw­ vdeba da CauRrmavdeba, gaanalizebs Cveni eris war­ suls, eTnosis mentalitets, pasuxsac iolad ipovis. `mSveniereba ar unda nadgurdebodes~... _ Cemi sacxovrebeli saxli, pirdapir `axalbaRis~ ZvelTaZveli Sesasvleli-kolonadis nangrevebs ga­ dahyurebs. odesRac Tvalwarmtaci, arqiteqturis es brwinvale Zegli, droJamisagan, ufrore adamianTagan, lamis miwasTan gasworebula, bevrma SeiZleba verc ga­ iazros Tu ra iyo aq ramodenime aTeuli wlis ukan. ger­ manel tyveTa mier agebuli es brwyinvale monumenti, qalaqis namdvili savizito baraTi da mSveneba gaxl­ daT. aqauroba WeSmariti kulturis fenomens warmoad­ genda da tur­ ist-damsven­ e b e l T a usayvarlesi adgili gaxl­ daT. _ gviam­ bobs ZirZveli goreli qal­ batoni, rusu­ dan kopaZe da ase asrulebs CvenTan sau­

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bars. _ yvelaferi unda gakeTdes, rom pirvandeli mSveneba _ silamaze daubrundes aqaurobas da Zvel­ ma arqiteqturulma monumentma daibrunos funqcia _ Rirebuleba, rasac Cveni qalaqis kulturuli mem­ kvidreoba hqvia. gorelebi zeciur winaparTa RvTiur saqmeTa Rir­ seuli gamgrZeleblebi aRmoCndnen. am adamianTa go­ nierebam, miwierma sasikeTo, adamianurma saqmeebma, maTSi davanebulma erovnulma cnobierebam, rac rom cementirebuli gaxldaT ZirZveli qarTuli Rire­ bulebebiT, umweo tyveTadmi egzom tolerantulma, gulmowyale damokidebulebam, sagrZnoblad aamaRla adamianisa da adamianurobis sulieri Tavisuflebis xarisxi, moqalaqeobrivad azrovnebis niSnuli. gaWir­ vebulTa daxmareba maTi sicocxlis kidev erTi dRiT gaxangrZlivebas niSnavs, kidev erTi dRis gaTenebas, erTi ubadruki, umweo dRiT arsebobas momdevno uRim­ Ramo samyaros sinaTlis xilvas, es kargad esmodaT Cvens winaprebsac. qarTveli mefeni, dedoflebi, didgvarovanni, mx­ atvrebs, sakuTar portretebs. eklesiiT xelSi axat­ vinebdnen, naxatSic, rom ar dascilebodnen ufals. madlianma gorelebma Tavisi epoqis yoveldRiuri tkivilebiT icxovres, ise, rom sakuTari Rirsebi­ saTvis arasodes daubijebiaT. ...Tumc dRes, samwux­ arod, mavanTaTvis, warmatebis sawindari sakuTari, namdvili vinaobisa da biografiis daviwyebaSia, gmir gorelTa cxovreba ki namdvili zneobrivi nimuSia saa­ damianeTisaTvis. gorelebma, pirovnuli Znelbedobis Jamsac ar daiviwyes gorSi myof germanel tyve-jariskacTa umZi­ mesi xvedri. meamayeba, rom Cveni eTnosis genetikuri gza-biliki, uTvalsawiero drosa da sivrceSi, mara­ diulia. isini, marTlac rom, amSvenebdnen ers...

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siyvarulis, monatrebisa da sinanulis sagalobeli qalbaton qeTevan beriZis mogonebidan: _ bavSvobisas, goris pedsaswavlebelSi vswavlob­ di, sadac musikaluri ganaTleba, erT-erT saswavlo sagnad iyo miCneuli. minda giTxraT, rom Tavidanve violinom gamitaca. misdami siyvaruli imdenad gamiR­ rmavda, rom calke saviolino saaTebi daminiSnes. arc­ Tu iSviaTad gvixdeboda gamosvla koncertebsa da sx­ vadasxva xasiaTis RonisZiebebze. erT saRamos, Cvens saswavlebelSi, romlis mimde­ bare quCaze gorSi myofi germaneli tyveebi qvafenils agebdnen, koncerti unda gamarTuliyo. ar dagimala­ vT da getyviT, Zalian meSinoda germanelebis, bevri msmenoda maTi sisastikisa da barbarosobis Sesaxeb. maT mimarT, Cems uaryofiT damokidebulebas isic amZa­ frebda, rom mama frontidan, Sin aRar dabrunebula. mTeli qalaqi lamis mTlad dacarielda mamakacTa­ gan, samxedro hospitali ki gadaWedili iyo daWrili sabWoTa meomrebiT. koncertze, saviolino nawarmoebiT _ `mze Sina da mze gareTa~, _ unda gamovsuliyavi, mTlad gadaivso foie damswre sazogadoebiT, cota ar iyos, vRelavdi kidec. ...da ai, Cemi gamosvlis droc dadga, TrTol­ viT aviRe xe­ lSi violino da aRniSnuli nawarmoebis Ses­ rulebas Sevud­ eqi. dResac ver mivxvdarvar, saidan, an rogor

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aRmoCnda Cems gverdiT, Ramis casaviT mSvidi saxis, Zvaltyavad qceuli, sakmaod asakovani, tyve _ jariska­ cis uniformaSi gamowyobili germaneli, romelmac frTxili moZraobiT meore violino gulSi Caikra da CemTan unisonSi qarTuli melodia ise aametyvela, if­ iqrebdiT, bulbuli hyavda violinoze dasmuli. erTi xanoba, Sevcbi, SevSindi, TiTqos kankalmac amitana, Tumca mis mzerasa da gamometyvelebaSi, moZravi zneo­ ba-keTilSobileba amovikiTxe, Tavi xelSi aviyvane da ar gavCerebulvar. vgrZnobdi, rom germaneli, sul sxvagan, Ta­ vis samyaroSi mogzaurobda, Tvalwin albaT Tavisi ojaxi da Svilebi war­ moudga... da ase, Sexmatkbilebu­ lad amovwureT nawarmoebi...

TiTqos amiT unda damTavre­ buliyo yvelaferi, Tumca tyvem, gulSi bavSviviT Ca­ konebuli, monatrebuli violino, romelic sakuTari cremlebiT mTlad daesvelebina, ver daTmo, ase iolad ver Seelia mas da `mze Sina da mze gareTa~-s Sesrulebas axla Tavad, Cems gareSe Seudga... da imdenad zedmiwev­ niT zustad, amaRelveblad da mgznebarebiT, TiTqos misi mSobliuri melodia yofiliyo igi. vgrZnobdi misi violino, qarTuli melodiiT, missave gulisx­ ma-gulisTqmas gamoscemda. im saRamos TiToeulma CvenTaganma gaviTaviseT is sevda-mwuxareba, rac rom mis TiToeul nakvTsa da moZraobaSi CanivTebuliyo.

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aSkara iyo, igi bediswerisagan sakuTari Tavis naSTad qceuliyo. germanelma tyvem, romelmac im saRamos yvela dag­ vatyveva, violino, marTlac rom angelozTa eniT aame­ tyvela, RrmamelodiurobiT, sevdiani gamometyveleb­ iTa da mowiwebiT, sakuTar sevda-siwmindes, Secodebas uxdida xarks. amboben, dro mifrinavso, Tumc im amaRlebul-ama­ Relvebel wuTebSi, CemTvis droc gaCerda da drosTan er­ Tad, gavCerdi mec... es istoria CemTvis marad nostalgiu­ ri da SaravandediT mosil lamaz mogonebad darCa Cems mexsierebaSi. swored maSin mivxvdi, rom yvela germaneli ar yofila iseTi, rogrc warmomedgina, man, im saRamos, violinoTi xelSi, angelozTa eniT, Tavad angelozebs Caabara aRsareba da ufals Seavedra Tavisi Secodeba. ...momajadoebeli melodia dasasrulisken mied­ ineboda. bolo amonakvnes-amonaTqvami da... niSnad madlierebisa Tavs uxris darbazs, damswre audito­ rias. Cemsken Semobrunda, germanulad madloba momiZ­ Rvna da Sublze makoca. dacremlili violino ki ise­ Tive sinaziT daubruna adgils, saidanac ramodenime wuTis win aiRo. rogorc gairkva, igi profesionali musikosi, kompozitori yofila. Semdeg... mokrZalebu­ li, dinji nabijebiT datova datyvevebuli audito­ ria, Tumc maestro taSiT ar gagvicilebia. albaT, mzad iyo, iqve daexvrita badrags, romlis mzerasac arideboda da melodiamonatrebuls darba­ zSi SemoeRwia.

P.S. sxvaTa Soris, spartelTa da aTenelTa Soris omis dros, tyved Cavardnil spartelebs, romlebmac icodnen ovidiusis leqsebi, aTavisuflebdnen (v.S.). ...im saRamos tyve-maestro, aravis gauTavisuflebia, Tumca sakuTari da Cveni sulebi, amaRlebuli Semoq­ medebiT, uTuod gaaTavisufla im saSinelebisagan, qimerisagan, rasac omi, barbarosoba hqvia.

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`me rom ar miyvardes da ar mebralebodes vinme, Tavs ar vicocxlebdi~... vaJa bevrTaTvis dRemde ucnobia, rom qalaqis centra­ lur nawilSi mdebare #2 sabavSvo baRis Senobac, rom germanel tyveTa mieraa aSenebuli. am unikalur SenobaSi, dRes, goris meriis municipalitetis is­ toriul-eTnografiuli muzeumia ganTavsebuli. 100 bavSvze gaTvaliswinebuli sabavSvo baRis aRniSnuli Senoba, germanel tyveTa mier, 1948 wels aigo (arqite­ qtori l. xaraSvili). mis samSeneblod a. Caldimovis erT-erTi tipiuri proeqti iqna gamoyenebuli. aRsani­ Snavia, rom Senoba esadageba klimatsa da adgilobrivi pirobebis specifikas, Senobas miSenebuli hqonda Su­ Sis galeriebi, e.w. SuSabandebi, romelnic pirdapir ukavSirdeboda ezos, xis kibeebis saSualebiT. kibeebi ki Senobas, gverdidan hqonda midgmuli. sagulisxmoa, rom sabavSvo baRis garSemo gaSenebuli mwvane koro­ mic, germanel tyveTa saxels ukavSirdeba. germanelma tyveebma moawyves i.b. stalinis memori­ aluri saxlis (Zveli saxli) irgvliv qvafenili, rac rom dResac saukeTeso mdgomareobaSia. sworedac, rom germanel jariskacTa ofliTaa mokirwyluli soso juRaSvilis siyrmis droindeli sacxovrisis ezo-midamo?!. rakiRa qvafenili vaxseneT, aqve davZ­ enT, rom germanelTa mokirwylulia aseve yofili kirovisa (am­ Jamindeli robaqiZis) da orjonikiZis (amJa­ mindeli gorijvris) quCebi; goris admin­ istraciuli Senobis

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irgvliv ganTavsebuli ezo-midamo, avtofarexis ter­ itoria, romelTa nawili dRes asfaltma gadafara, germanelTa mier mokirwyluli quCebi 70-80-ian wleb­ Si moasfaltda da istoria, msaxvrali droebis nis­ liT gadaifara. _ dabejiTebiT SemiZlia dagidasturoT, rom goris #2 sabavSvo baRi germanel tyveTa mieraa aSenebuli, _ ambobs istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis TanamS­ romeli, qalbatoni mariam uTneliSvili, _ ormxriv aivniani nageboba, kldis qviTaa nagebi, maRali sainJin­ ro ostatobiTa da gaTbobis universaluri sistemiT; erT oTaxSi danTebuli buxari, yovel oTaxs aTbobda.

Tavad ezo germanelma tyveebma, sakuTari marjveniT, riyis qviT SemozRudes. Robe dResac saimedod dgas da erTgvar samuzeumo eqsponat-Rirebulebasac war­ moadgens. minda giTxraT, rom baRi, Tavidanve SesaniSnavi in­ frastruqturiT aRiWurva. teritoria universal­ uri sakanalizacio sistemiT daiqsela; moewyo Tixis Rariani wyalgamyvani sistema, romelSic wyali TviT­ dinebiT, Seuferxeblad miedineba, da es yvelaferi ma­ Sin, roca kanalizacia gorSi, saerTod ar arsebobda. aRniSnuli sabavSvo baRis pirveli direqtori, qalba­ toni kleopatra ialamidi-TavzaraSvilisa gaxldaT. Senobis ezoSi dResac Srialeben germanel tyveTa mier darguli fiWvis xeebi. yofili sabavSvo baRi, dRevandeli muzeumi gor­ Si, lomouris quCis aRmosavleTiT mdebareobs. miwis nakveTs, sadac dRes es Senoba dgas, irgvliv isaia ami­ raRovis, ioseb davriSevisa da grigol zubalovis mam­ ulebi esazRvreboda. nagebobas garedan, xis ori asasv­ leli kibe hqonda midgmuli, specialurad mowyobili dasacurebliT. amasTan, kibis safexurebi, zedmiwevniT Seesabameboda sabavSvo dawesebulebis standarts. igi marTlac, rom sainJinro fantaziis TvalsaCino nimuSs

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warmoadgens. Cemi dedamTili Tavad gaxldaT sabavSvo baRis samSeneblo procesis mowme, rameTu Cveni sacx­ ovrisi uSualod mas esazRvreba. misganve msmenia, rom tyve-germanelebs zedamxedvelobas sakmaod sastiki, araqarTuli warmomavlobis badragi uwevda. erTxel, erTerTi germanelisTvis, Cems dedamTils, xili miu­ wodebia, Tanac damtvreuli rusuliT, Sinaurulad _ `kuSi, kuSio~, uTqvams. aba, ras warmoidgenda, rom misi gulis siTbo mrisxanebad Tu daatydeboda sacodav tu­ saRs. mas sastikad gasworebia badragi. muSaobisas wuTiTac ar Cerdebodnen, Turme. Sromis procesSic Tavi ise Rirseulad eWiraT, rom verc ki SeatyobdiT maT sulebSi dagubebul sevda-mwuxare­ bas, rameTu naRverdali nacarSi, uxilavia.

`nu ganikiTxavT da ara ganikiTxebiT Tqven~... baton riCard gudiaSvilis monaTxrobidan: _ Cemma mexsierebam dRemde Semoinaxa germanel tyve-jariskacTa gor­ Si yofnis epizodebi. dilauTenia, samuSaod rom mihyavdaT, qalaqis sx­ vadasxvaubnebze. yvelas erTnairi, moSavo feris forma ecva, Tavze ki mrgva­ li e.w. `pilotkebi~ exur­ aT. gorelebi, germanel tyveebSi, maTsave umweo mdgomareobaSi aRmoCenil Cvens TanamemamuleT vxe­ davdiT. isini gzaabneul, talaxSi mofarTxale Tev­ zebs daamsgavsa bedma da

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bedisweram, Tumc mowyale qarTvelebs gansacdelSi Ca­ vardnilTa mxarSi Sedgomas, aba vin aswavlis. swored, rom rigiTi qarTvelebis saxiT gamouCndaT maT mwyemsi keTili. gulmowyaleni mefenic gvyavda, eriskacnic da bernic. mefe demetre, RamRamobiT, fuliani qisebiT gamodioda da Rarib-RatakT, obolT, davrdomilT, saxlebSi urigebda. germanel tyveTa mimarT TiToeuli CvenTagani keTil damokidebulebas, saxelis moxveWisa, Tu pativmoyva­ reobis gamo rodi vamJRavnebdiT, aramed sulisa da gulis karnaxiT, rogorc uZvelesi qristianni kargad vuwyodiT, Cvensa da umweo tyveebs Soris dapirispire­ ba _ saZulvili, RmerTis winaaRmdeg moqcevis tolfa­ si rom iqneboda. isini Cemi sacx­ ovrebeli sax­ lis siaxloves, mdinare meju­ dis napirsamagri samuSaoebiT iyvnen dakavebulni. swored maT mier moewyo mdinaris napirsamagri bet­ onis veeba dambebi mejudis marcxena sanapiroze amilaxvris xididan moyolebuli, puSki­ nis xidis bolomde, aq, dilauTenia mohyavdaT isini, jojoxeTuri samuSaoebi ki, mxolod xeliT srulde­ boda, bevrs muSaobdnen, mZime samuSaos asrulebdnen, sanacvlod ki mcire sakvebs Rebulobdnen. miuxedavad zedamxedvelTa sifxizle-sisastikisa, maTTvis mcire ulufis miwodebas, mainc vaxerxebdiT. es ki im rTul viTarebaSi, miT ufro komendatis saaTis pirobebSi, sulac ar gaxldaT ioli.

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yvelas gvecodeboda isini, _ ganagrZobs batoni ri­ Cardi, _ Tqven warmoidgineT, Svilmkvdari dedebic ki zrunavdnen maTze da lukmasac ki uyofdnen maT, ra­ meTu maTSi, sakuTar Svilebsa da daRupul axloblebs xedavdnen. kargad uwyobdnen, sxvisi Svilebic msaxvra­ li omis msxverplT rom warmoadgendnen.

P.S. 1950-ian wlebSi, yazaxeTis yamiri miwebis aT­ visebisas, erTi sazareli ambavi momxdara _ guTans, beltebTan erTad, adamianis ConCxic amougdia, Con­ Cxi, romelsac xel-fexze kvlavac Seuxsneli borkili edo. yvela gaecala iqaurobas, mxolod qarTvelma kacma dainaxa masSi Tavisi moZme. ...rom iqneb is, saqa­ rTvelodan jalalied-dinis mier iyo tyvedwayvanili da Tavis ZirZvel winaprad miiCnia igi. am ambavs, didma qarTvelma poetma, ioseb noneSvilma, friad amaRelve­ beli leqsi miuZRvna: `sadaursa sad waiyvan, bedo, sicocxlis gzas, sad ar gadauketav saflavSiac borkilebi edo, mkvdari sadRa wavidoda, neta?! sadaursa sad waiyvan, bedo, sicocxlis gza sad Sewydeba grZeli, visac fexze eg borkili edo, biWo, iqneb papa iyo Seni?!~ tyveTa formaSi gamowyobili germaneli jariskaci SiSsa da zars rodiRa iwvevda CvenSi. maTdami Zrwo­ la-siZulvili, fifqiviT dneboda. ufrosebisgan vi­ codiT, rom Tavad isinic faSisturi reJimis msxver­ plad iqcnen, es iyo CvenTvis simarTlis birTvi, rac rom kargad gaviTaviseT da ramac ganapiroba germanel tyveTa mimarT gorelTa, da ara mxolod gorelTa, gulmowyaleba. arasodes damaviwydeba erTi imaTgani, romelmac fanerisagan damzadebuli TviTmfrinavi _ u-2 da xisgan gamoTlili meqanikuri kacuna maCuqa.

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yuradReba: `laparakobs istoria ~ amonaweri mSromelTa deputatebis goris rais­ abWos aRmasrulebeli komitetis 1943 wlis 6 Teberv­ lis an 3469 dadgenilebidan `wyaldidobis winaaRmdeg brZolis Sesaxeb~: _ daevalos qalaqis sabWos aRmaskomis Tavmj­ domares, amxanag bazandaraSvils, miiRos drouli zomebi wyaldidobis samuSaoebis Casatareblad qa­ laqis teritoriis farglebSi, maT Soris mdinare mejuda _ otrekaxevze. samuSaoTa Catareba daevala begiaSvilsa da griqulovs; karaleTis zeda da qveda punqtze _ kalandaraSvils, Zeveris punqtze burdiaS­ vils, varianis punqtze _ qorCilavas; Tedowminda-or­ TaSenis punqtze _ qavTaraZes, yazarovs. (goris saxel­ mwifo arqivi, fondi 4. gv. 13.). es gaxlavT is­ toriis dastur­ ic imisa, aRniSnul samuSaoebs swored, rom germaneli tyvee­ bi asrulebdnen, faq­ tia, rom mdinare mejudis xidis damba, romelic dRevandel gogebaSvilis quCas amilaxvris xidamde da mis qvemoT esazRvreba, germanelTa mier moewyo, amasTan, uni­ kaluri profesiuli TvalTaxedviTa da erTgulebiT. damba dResac SesaniSnav mdgomareobaSia da saimedod igeriebs gacofebuli mejudis mRvrie talRebs. _ germanelma tyveebma aages `axalbaRis~ Crdiloe­ TiT aRmarTuli, mdinare liaxvis damcavi betonis uzarmazari jebiric, riTac mSfoTvare, giJmaJi liax­ vi, betonis artaxebSi gamokres. _ dasZens Rvawlmosi­ li goreli, batoni arCil jirkveliSvili.

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`ramdeni cremli iRvreba dedamiwis zurgze, siave adamianisa mainc ar Cairecxa~ ilia WavWavaZe. Semoqmedisa da sazogado moRvawis, baton vaJa abra­ miSvilis mogonebidan: _ Cemi yrmobis wlebi TbilisSi gavlie, dResac Tval­ win midgas didubeSi ganTavsebuli, germanel tyveTa kolonia, mis Soriaxlos mdebare wisqvilebi, sadac bavSvebs, safqvavi dagvqonda. erT germanels davuZmak­ acdiT, riTac SegveZlo, vexmarebodiT. isinic uSur­ velad gvirigebdnen sxvadasxva saTamaSos, maT Soris aluminis fuls. germaneli tyveebi, TbilisSi, mdebare mtkvarTan, centraluri kanalizaciis sistemas awyobdnen, mogvi­ anebiT ki, mtkvris damcavi jebiris mSeneblobaze muSaobdnen. samSeneblo poligonidan didubis banakam­ de da kvlav ukan, satvirTo manqanebiT dahyavdaT. gonebis TvaliT axlac vxedav germanel tyveTa banakze gakrul veeba warwera _ devizs: `Cveni SromiT, Cven ga­ movisyidiT Cvens danaSauls!~ samwuxarod, drodadro, adamianTa modgmisaTvis, marTlac rom friad samarcxvinod, dgeba Jami, roca ZvelTagan sapatiod miCneuli warmodgenebi, Tu Sexed­ ulebani, irRveva... iwyeba Zaladoba, terori, manam­ de gamocxadebul RirebulebaTa gadafaseba; zneoba, sindisi, sikeTe, Rirseba, RvTismosavoba, sxva moral­ uri principebi, `sustebis monagonad~, erTgvar qi­ merad cxaddeba, maT adgils ki Zalmomreobisa da umecrebis kulti ikavebs. TiTqos banalur frazebad­ ac iqca yovelive es. ambavma, romelic batonma vaJam mi­ ambo, marTlac rom suliT xorcamde SemZra da Semiqmna warmodgena imisa, Tu ra SeuZlia adamians. swored, rom germanel tyveebs, sakuTari xeliT daangrevines TbilisSi im dros arsebuli luTeran­ uli eklesia _ `kirxe~, romelic dRevandeli metro

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`marjaniSvilis~ mopirdapire mxares mdebareobda, mis adgils ki sacxovre­ beli korpusi aaSen­ ebines. ai, araadamianuri qcevis mcire doku­ menturi fragmen­ ti, dasturi pro­ gramisa, romelic SiSsa da sisastikeze, uRmerTobasa da cinizmze, iyo bazirebuli, am faqtma ganacvifra tolerantuli Tbilisi da sruliad saqarTvelo, ra­ meTu rwmena, ra religiuri mimarTulebisac ar unda yofiliyo, sabWoTa reJimis drosac Rvioda... da am dros religiurad tolerantobiT ganTqmul qveyana­ Si, sxvaTa rwmenis navsayudels angrevineben da isic vis, sacodaobaSi Cavardnil umweo tyveebs. eklesiis damaqcevarT, samwuxarod, xSirad aviwydebodaT da aviwydebaT RvTis mier Seqmnili taZari, misi maradi­ uli suliT, rom Tavad adamiania... `nuTu ar iciT, rom RmerTis taZari xarT da suli RmerTisaa damkvidre­ buli TqvenSi? vinc RmerTis taZars daaqcevs, daaqcevs mas RmerTi, vinaidan RmerTis taZari wmidaa, xolo esa xarT Tqven~. `ara ars RmerTi SfoTvisaÁ, aramed mSvidobisaÁ~.

pavle, korinTelTa 4. 33. baton vaJas naTqvams erTs davamatebdi mxolod: da­ marcxeba namdvilad ar unda niSnavdes Rirsebis Cam­ orTmevas, damcireba autanelia.

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`umjobesi SurisZieba igia, rom ar emsgavso mas, vinc gagamwara~. markus avreliusi akademikos, baton vaJa kvaliaSvilis naambobidan: _ roca ger­ manel tyve­ Ta gausaZlis yofaze vsau­ brobT, ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom bevrad saSinel viTare­ baSi aRmoCndnen Cveni Tanamemam­ uleni, romel­ Ta xvedri Sei­ Zleba SevadaroT imaTsas, visac cocxlad wvavdnen nel cecxlze filaresis spilenZis xarSi. tirans ver SeaZrwunebda msxverplTa saSineli godeba-moTqma. maTi Semzaravi gminva mas tkbil musikad Caesmoda. yve­ lafris miuxedavad, Sinaganad mainc ganvicdidiT si­ braluls maT mimarT, rameTu Cvens TanamemamuleTa bedi gvaRelvebda, amasTan gasigrZeganebuli gvqonda, rom germaneli tyveebi Cveulebrivi, brZanebis Semsrule­ beli jariskace­ bi iyvnen, rom­ lebic samxedro samsaxurSi gai­ wvies. bevri maT­ gani ki, faSis­ turi reJimis, misi kacTmoZule ideologiis iZu­ lebiTi mZevali

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gaxda. bunebrivia, am saSinelma omma, Rrma kvali daamCnia Cvens fsiqikas, magram ver SeZlo is, rac TiTqosda mo­ salodnelic iyo, ver gaborotda qarTveli, Sinaganad ver iqca mtrad `ucxo TeslTa~ mimarT, ver ganimsWvala tyveTa mimarT SurisZiebisa da `mtris sisxliT Tro­ bis qvena gancdiT. omi, marTlac, rom sastikia, magram omSi, jariskacebi udanaSauloebi arian. yofili orjonikiZis (dRevandeli gorijvris) quCa, sadac me vcxovrobdi, tyve-germanelebis mokirwylu­ lia. SemdgomSi qvafenili asfaltma STanTqa, Tumc mogonebebs droebam, veraferi avno. xSirad, Cvens ezo­ Si Semodiodnen dasawyureblad. minda giTxraT, rom Zalze yuradRebiani, amasTan Cxirkedela, xelmarjve ostatebi iyvnen, udaod gonieri adamianebi. maxsovs maT mier damzadebuli, propelebiani TviTmfrinavebi da saTamaSo Tojinebi, bavSvebs rom gvCuqnidnen.

`rac daviwyebiT ar ibindeba~... _ miuxedavad gausaZlisi socialuri yofisa, saoc­ rad mwiri dRiuri ulufisa, rasac maT `sTavazobdnen~, dabejiTebiT SemiZlia vTqva, rom germaneli tyveebi, arasodes qurdobdnen. ubralod, es maTTvis warmoud­ genelic ki iyo, _ ambobs cnobili lotbar-Semsrule­ beli, batoni aslan ilariSvili _ ger­ manel tyveTagan wesrigis darRvevis arcerTi SemTxveva ar yofila dafiq­ sirebuli. maT, Ta­ vianTi keTili kva­ li daamCnies goris

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kinoTeatr `komkavSirels~. maTi mopirkeTebulia misi interieri da eqsterieri, mis foieSi dasxmuli mozai­ ka. maTve Semoavles betonis zRude goris g. erisTavis saxelobis saxelmwifo dramatuli Teatris Senobas. _ dResac Cans qvafenilis fragmentebi yofili le­ ninis (amJamad samefo) quCis trotuarebze, romelTac asfaltis Zveli safarisagan rogorRac Tavi dauRw­ eviaT da TiTqos surT gvamcnon sakuTari warsuli... da rogorc xelovnebaTmcodne batoni zaqaria Waru­ aSvili irwmuneba `axalbaRis~ mwvane safaris sakmaod didi nawilic maTive gaSenebulia.

`puri da Rvino stumarsa, wava, Sin moagondeba~... _ omis dros, gadaZaZuli iyo srulad saqarTvelos yoveli kuTxe-kunWuli, Tumc miuxedavad didi tkivil­ isa, germanel tyveTa mimarT mainc Cveul gulmowyale­ bas viCendiT. _ brZanebs profesiiT inJiner-mSenebeli, batoni guram SeylaSvili, _ erTxel, sulTaoba dRes, sofelSi, gzis siaxloves gaSlil sufrasTan Saraze mimavali germaneli tyveebi miviwvieT. gulmowyale ga­ modga badragic. Tu ar miawvdidi, Tavad xels arafriT mokidebdnen puris naWersac ki, miwodebuls ki, Tava­ zianad unawilebdnen erTmaneTs. Wiqa sasmiss, ki ar ewa­ febodnen, Tanaziaroba _ solidarobas, arc am dros iviwyebdnen da erTurTs agemovnebinebdnen qarTuli vazis naJurs. me, piradad, xelgamowvdili germaneli tyve, arsad minaxavs; Tumc dRes, Cvens agresiul sazo­ gadoebaSi. urTierTTanagrZnobis sastiki deficitia, rac rom TavisTavad, antiqristianuli postulatia, anu mTavaria me viyo kargad, sxvani ar menaRvlebian.

WeSmarit megobarsac xom gansacdeli da Znelad savali gzebi gamoaCens yovelTvis. Cven ki, stumris pativisce­ ma, miT ufro umweo adamianTa Tanadgoma, arodes dagvi­

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wynia. _ `ar dagaviwydeT, rom unda iyoT stumarTmoyvare­ ni~ _ gvmoZRvravs saxarebac. qarTveli kaci, mxolod saxlSi rodia maspinZeli. igi maspinZlobs yvelgan, sa­ dac ki moyvasi, an Tundac guSindeli, dRes ki bedSavi momtere Semoxvdeba, dasa­ bamidanve stumarTmoyvare eri varT. amaze xom Tavad vaxuSti bagrationic miu­ TiTebda: `stumarTa da ucxoTa moyvareni~; `uyuarT stumari da pativsa uyofen da Seuwynareben friad~... saqarTvelo - gulmowyaleTa oqros sabado istoriani istoriam gul­ mowyalebis mar­ Tlac, rom uamravi magaliTi Semogvi­ naxa?! saamisod, Cveni legendadq­ ceuli warsulis gaxsenebac kmara. luarsab mefisa da didi mouravis _ giorgi saakaZis mier damarcxebuli, daqsaqsuli osmalebi, tyveebs Se­ exiznen. adgilobrivi mosaxleoba, maT Soris qalebic, tyeebSi poulobdnen xiznebs, `dolbands moxsnidnen, Seiwynarebdnen da ganutevebdnen. iseTi gamarjveba mosca RmerTman qarTvelTa~. (`qarTlis cxovreba~. t.

II. gv. 388). zneoba, didsulovneba da Semwynarebloba

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gansacdelis Jams, RvTis siyvaruli. ai, ra gvWirdeba adamianebs yvelaze metad... da Tu rogor gamoviyenebT Tavisufal nebas, es marad Cvenzea damokidebuli. _ `gza saTnoebisken, _ gvmoZRvravs seneka, _ aravisTvisaa gadaRobili, yvelasTvis Riaa, igi yvelas uSvebs da yve­ las iwvevs TavisTan: keTilSobilebs, ganTavisufle­ bul monebs, mefeebs, gaZevebulT. igi irCevs ara sisxl­ sa da cenzis mixedviT, mas sWirdeba mxolod adami­ ani. Cven yvela, saerTmane­ Tod Segvqmna gamCenma. _ mebaReebs mRelvareba daeuflebaT xolme, roca baRSi axal vards gamoiy­ vanen: maSinve ganacalkev­ eben, Tavs dastrialeben, yovelmxriv cdiloben mis gaxareba-ganviTarebas, ma­ gram adamianebs ar hyavT mebaReebi... me is mawamebs, _ gulistkiviliT werda antuan de sent egziuperi, ra­ sac Rarib-RatakTa SeWamandi verafers uSvelis... isa mtanjavs, rom SesaZloa yovel adamianSi mocartia Cak­ luli~... `omze metad, xvalindeli mSvidoba maSinebs, dangreuli soflebi, daqsaqsuli ojaxebi, sikvdili, _ jandabas yvelaferi, rac unda moxdes, magram ar min­ da omma sulieri erToba mospos... avadmyofis movla, gandevnilTaTvis TavSesafris micema, patiebac ki, mxolod da mxolod Rimilis wyalobiT iZens fass. es Rimili aciskrovnebs Sens dResaswauls. miuxedavad enaTa, kastebis, partiebis sxvadasxvaobisa, Rimili gvaaxloebs erTmaneTTan, Cven erTi da imave eklesiis mrevli varT, is Tavisi rCevebiT, me ki _ CemiT. ada­ mianis pativiscema! adamianis pativiscema! ai, es aris qvakuTxedi, me mwams adamianis uflebaTa Tanasworoba

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yoveli pirovnebis meSveobiT. Cemi rwmeniT, Tavisu­ fleba niSnavs adamianad qcevis Tavisuflebas, me vi­ brZoleb yvelas winaaRmdeg, vinc mohyveba mtkicebas, gulmowyaleba pirovnebis pativiscemis xarkiao da uars ityvis adamianze... me vibrZoleb adamianisaTvis... me vibrZoleb mis mtrebTan da sakuTar TavTanac.

TiToeuli Cvengani valdebulni varT yoveldRiuri keTili saqmeebiT, ukeTesobisaken SevcvaloT samyaro. sagulisxmoa, rom gorelma ebraelebmac, aranakle­ bi gulmowyaleba da Tanadgoma gamoiCines germanel tyveTa mimarT.

Rirsebis apoTeozi ai, ras gviambobs, cnobili pedagogi, amJamad pen­ sioneri, qalbatoni nana TavzaraSvili: _ goris dramatul Teatrsac germanel tyveTa xeli atyvia, mis garSemo, maT mierve Semovlebul betonis, metaliT galamazebul Robeze, rom aRaraferi vTqvaT. maT mierve keTilmoewyo interieri da es yvelaferi, qalaqkomis maSindeli mdivnis, zurab TavzaraSvilis xelmZRvanelobiT. sxvaTaSoris, saWidao darbazic Cemi mamamTilis iniciativiTa da xeldasmiT aSenda. aqve davZen, rom manve Cauyara fundamenti kombinatis dasaxlebaSi mdebare kulturis sasaxles, romelic mogvianebiT, saqalaqo komitetis mdivnis, baton da­ viT CubiniSvilis uSualo xelmZRvanelobiTa da pira­ di rudunebiT aSenda. dgeba Jami, roca kaci Tavis naRvaws, gabedulad Semoubrundeba, maRali sanaxebidan guldagul Seav­ lebs Tvals, gons gausworebs, awon-dawonis, ganvli­ li SoreTSi raRacas naxavs saimedos, gulis gasaxars, ers rom waadgeba, SvilTaSvils sadideblad, xelidan xelSi gadaecema. urTules istoriul epoqebSic ki, RvTiTgamorCeuli gorelebi, rogorc vazze Tavdavi­

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wyebiT Seyvarebuli mevenaxeni, veraras grZnoben, ver­ aras amCneven, garda dasaxuli keTili miznisa, rasac Tundac germanel tyveTadmi daxmareba erqva! ase iyo ZvelTagan, ase iyo mSfoTvare me-20 saukunis 40-iani wlebis miwuruls, gorSi. ase Sendeboda saukuneTa manZilze myari kedeli, dvrita eris didebisa, misi mo­ mavali zneobrivi gamarjvebebisa. amboben, adamiani imdenjer ibadeba da imdenjeraa WeSmaritad bednieri, ramdenjerac ganucdia keTili saqmiT moniWebuli sixaruli, zeaRtaceba, sakuTari Tavis mimarT pativiscemiT gancdili siamovneba, aseT adamianTa cxovrebis asparezi, marTlac rom mSven­ ieri sanaxaobaa, romelic suls aRafrTovanebs, mx­ neobas gvmatebs ers. gangebam gamosWeda isini rogorc wuTieri, ise maradiuli sicocxlisaTvis, romelTac dRemde SemounaxavT saRmrTo saqmisadmi Tavdadebis grZnobac da gancdac.

Tavad germanel tyveebTanac mqonda Sexeba, maxsovs, WavWavaZis quCaze momuSave erTma germanelma tyveTa­ ganma, samuSaos damTavrebis Semdeg misTvis gamoyofil Tavisufal dros, saaTebis SekeTebasac mihyo xeli. saxelic maleve gaiTqva. deidaCemebma _ nina da qeTevan TaqTaqiSvilebma (isini debi iyvnen), tyve _ mesaaTes SesakeTeblad uZvirfasesi, oqros unikaluri saaTebi miutanes, Tumca, repatriaciis gamo `mesaaTes~ misT­ visac moulodnelad, qalaqi daatovebines da mswr­ af­l goridan germaniaSi gaagzavnes. deidaCemebs isRa darCenodaT, mware beds Seguebodnen, awi maT saaTebs, Tanac aseT uZvirfases nivTebs, aba, vinRa daubruneb­ da, miT ufro im mZime, areul-aforiaqebul dros, So­ reuli, miwasTan gasworebuli germaniidan... gadis ramodenime Tve da omidan demobilizebulma gorelma, gvarad nadibaiZem, Sin moakiTxa Cems deidebs da is uZ­ virfasesi saaTebi gadasca, romelTa dabrunebas verc ki warmoidgendnen. patiosnebiTa da sindisiT mdidar

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germanels Zlivs upovia germaniaSi qarTveli da isic goreli, visac miendo da Zvirfaseuloba adresat­ TaTvis gamoatana, Tanac saguldagulod SekeTebuli da gakeTilSobilebuli. germanelma tyvem, Soreuli, ekonomikurad gapartaxebuli, damSeuli, daqceuli germaniidan uvneblad daubruna maTive nivTebi gorel qalbatonebs, gorelebs, romelTac udides pativs sce­ mdnen isini... ...da marTlac, adamianma ise unda icxovro, sxvani ki ara, sakuTari Tavic ar unda moatyuo. Tumc dRes, moraluri principebis problema udgas kacobriobas, rac Zalze sawyenia. zneobrivi krizisi ki bevrad saSi­ Sia da samarcxvino kacTa modgmisTvis. ai, aseTni damamaxsovrdnen `goreli germanelebi~. adamiani moraluri arsebaa da ara `manqana, sa­ Sualeba!...~ nu dagvaviwydeba, TiToeuli CvenTagani marTlac, rom awmyoTi, erTi ubadruki wamiT vsuldg­ mulobT, danarCeni ki namdvilad warsuls ekuTvnis. rac Seexeba momavals, igi saidumlebiTaa moculi.

Cveni sicocxle wamia, da Tu am wamiT ar isargebleb, ar qmni sikeTes moyvasisaTvis, uazro aRmoCndeba Cve­ ni yofa. Cvens arsebobas arsi da azri urTierTsiy­ varulsa da urTierTTanadgoma siyvarulSi eniWeba, mxolod. es niWi ki, siyvarulsa da sindisTan erTad, RvTis saCuqaria uTuod. es istoriebi gaxlavT TvalnaTeli magaliTebi imisa, Tu rogor unda icxovros adamianma. gangebam am istoriis gmirebi keTil saqmeTa sakeTeblad ga­ mosWeda. RvTisgan boZebul sikeTe-siqveles ganZiviT rom daatarebdnen cxovrebis bilikebze da uxvad­ ac rom anawilebdnen mas. es simdidre TviT aladinis oqro-vercxliT savse gamoqvabulsac ki daCrdilavs. mavanni amboben, sikeTe mxolod zRaprebSia gamarjve­ bulio, Tumc skeptikosT ase vetyodi, Tu gsurT, sike­ Tis gjerodeT, Tavad unda hqmnaT igi.

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civi xelebiT yvavils ver daxatav `roca germaniaSi nacistebi komunistebs miadgnen, xma ar amomiRia, radgan komunisti ar vyofilvar. roca ebraelebs miadgnen _ xma ar amomiRia, radgan ebraeli ar vyofil­ var. profkavSirebs rom miadgnen, xma ar amomiRia, radgan profkavSireli ar vyofilvar. kaTolikebze gadavidnen da xma ar amomiRia, radgan kaTolike ar vyofilvar. Semdeg me momadgnen... da aRaravin iyo darCenili, rom xma amoeRo~...

martin nimioleri filosofosi, pastori gansakuTrebuli gul­­ modgineba da Semwynare­ bloba romaa saWiro, warsulisagan `naander­ Zevi~ yoveli uaryofiTi movlenis amosaSanTad, saukeTesod hqondaT gac­ nobierebuli gorel mo­ qa­laqeTa kargad organi­ zebul jgufs, romelsac inJineri, goris wyalmo­ maragebis samsaxuris Tav­ kaci, batoni rafiel axo­ baZe xelmZRvanelobda. am marTlac, rom araCveule­ briv adamianTa galerea, maTi maSvraloba, swore­ dac, rom pirdapir da iribad, germanel tyveTa zrun­ vaze gaxldaT orientirebuli.

P.S. sxvaTa Soris, gorelebma, aranaklebi mzrunveloba gamoiCines ungreli tyveebis, madiarebis mimarTac, maTgan Camoyalibebuli erTi jgufi, gorSic eweoda SromiT saqmianobas.

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_ es iyo saSineli wlebi. Cveni jgufis moqmedeba, rac seriozul riskTan gaxldaT dakavSirebuli, mimarTu­ li gorSi samuSaod gamwesebul germanel tyveTa dax­ marebaze. _ gviambobs am procesebis uSualo monawile, cnobili enaTmecnieri, profesori, qalbatoni nino (nunu) oqropiriZe da ganagrZobs. _ masSi Sediodnen inJineri rafiel axobaZe (Zia rafo), marex xuciSvili, deda _ Tamar oqropiriZe da kidev ramodenime adamiani. gorSi, roca germaneli tyveebi Camoiyvanes, nawnavbafTiani, axalgazrda gogona viyavi. Cveni sax­ li, goris centralur nawilSi aRmarTuli n. baraT­ aSvilis Zeglis adgilas idga da saxiT ciciSvilebis saxlisken iyo mimarTuli. ...yvelaferi ki ase daiwyo... _ erT mSvenier dRes aivnidan gadavixede da Cveni saxlis siaxloves momuSave, ucxo garegnobis adami­ anebi SevamCnie. rogorc Sevityve, isini germaneli tyveebi yofilan. erT maTgans, romelic gulmodgined Txrida iqve raRacas, bavSvuri sialaliT, ramdenime vaSli Cavawode. Cemi misdami sibraluliTa da yuradRe­ biT gaocebulma, germanulad `dankeo~, momigo Cumad. unda giTxraT, rom germane­ li tyveebi, Tavidanve dahyves kategoriebad. tyve-maRalCi­ nosanTagan Seiqmna SromiTi brigada, romelic goris wy­ alsadenis gayvaniloba-sare­ abilitacio samuSaoebs as­ rulebda. sainJinro saqmis xelmZRvanelad ki, batoni rafiel axobaZe dainiSna. Tavis mxriv, Zia rafom, te­ qnikosad, biZaCemi, giorgi irodionis Ze oqropiriZe gaamwesa. ar SemiZlia oriod sityviT ar Sevexo ba­

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toni rafielis pirovnebas; umdidresi sulieri sa­ ganZuris baton-patroni gaxldaT. ucxo da miuRebeli iyo misTvis sulieri dacemuloba, iyo swrafsazriani, gongamWriaxi da mtkice xasiaTis adamiani. misi dinji da dafiqrebuli saubari, keTilSobilebiT gamTbari TiToeuli saqme, moZraobac ki, zedmiwevniT erwymo­ da misi moqmedebis miznobriobas. yvelaferze TviTon zrunavda uSualo zrunviT da samoqmedod aRgvag­ znebda Cvenc.

`sibraluls siyvaruli sjobia~. vaJa. saSinel pirobebSi uxdebodaT germanel tyveebs `cxovreba~, maTTvis gankuTvnili ulufa ki Zalze Seu­ sabamo iyo im Sromisa, romelsac isini eweodnen. tyve­ Ta mZime, saSinelma yofam, pirvelyovlisa Zia rafo daafiqra, rameTu mas uxde­ boda uSualod maTTan Sexe­ ba. erTxel, TviTon gaxldiT momswre, ra gulmodginebiT mouyares Tavi mcireoden sakvebs SimSiliT Ronemix­ dil tyveebisaTvis Zia rafom da misma SesaniSnavma meuR­ lem, qalbatonma babulia fx­ alaZe-axobaZisam. roca gaigo gansacdelSi Cavardnil ger­ manelTa sacodaobis Sesax­ eb, babula deidam moCxrika, rac ki ram ebada da meuRles gaatana... bevrs ras moCxrek­ rafiel axobaZe meuRle _ babulia da, roca Tavadac fxalaZe-axobaZesTan erTad Zlier uWirdaT,

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ocamde damSeul-dasustebul tyveebs, marto Zia ra­ fos ojaxi, rogor auvidoda?! axla deda datrialda da rac naxa, uSurvelad Zia rafosTan gamatana. aqedan daiwyo yvelaferi. germanel tyveebze zrunva sakuTar valdebulebad da Sinagani Rirsebis saqmed vcaniT. samuSao ubnisken mimaval `rafo Zias germanelebs~, sisxam diliT Cveni saxlis win unda CamoevloT. davin­ teresdi, rogor gamoiyurebodnen isini da uecrad is axalgazrdac amovicani, xiliT rom gavumaspinZl­ di. igi 25 wlis saarlande­ li, franc loio aRmoCnda, romelic, rogorc SemdgomSi gairkva, stalingradTan ganc­ dili marcxis Sedegad Cavard­ niliyo tyved. sxvaTa Soris, goris ci­xis wylis uSvelebeli rezer­ vuaric maT mier aigo. erTx­ el, me da SesaniSnavi goreli qalbatoni, marex xuciSvili avediT cixeze. visargebleT badragis uyuradRebobiT da gavesaubreT iq momuSave ger­ manelebs. erTi tyveTagani _ Stefani, maxsovs, rusula­ dac ki damelaparaka. roca rogorRac vaxerxebdiT maTTvis ulufis miwodebas, madlierebas gulTbili RimiliTa da Rirseuli maner­ iT gamoxatavdnen. ise ki, Tavad, arasodes arafers gvTxovdnen. ufro metic, grZnobdnen razec mivdiodiT da Tavi gansacdelSi rom ar Cagvegdo, gvaniSnebdnen, axlos ar gavkarebodiT, isini aqeT zrunavdnen Cvenze. samuSao poligonze momuSave francsa da Cems Soris, mimowera karga xans grZeldeboda. roca raimes mivaw­ vdidiT, biZaCemi, giorgi oqropiriZe, Cems werilsac

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gadascemda xolme. am mimoweraSi qalbatoni marexic gaxldaT aqtiurad Cabmuli, aseve Cemi deidaSvili _ leonide abulaZe.

saSobao naZvis xe da sworeba qarTvelebze! ...axlovdeboda 25 dekemberi, Soba dRe kaTolikeTaT­ vis. yvelam erTad daviwyeT fiqri, rogor migveloca germanel tyveTaTvis es dRe _ saswauli. amasTan ise, rom TiToeul maTgans, Tavad ganecada Cvengan miniWebu­ li sixaruli. fiqri, rog­ orRac SevZeliT da saqmed vaqcieT. erTad SevagroveT rac ki ram gvebada da amaso­ baSi, yvelaferma aman, ori didi tomara Seadgina, Tum­ ca problema is gaxldaT, rogor da ra viTarebaSi gadagveca maTTvis saSobao `nobaTi~. aqve davsZen, rom TiToeul germanels cal­ ke ganesazRvra saCuqari. garda amisa, Sevecade gamex­ alisebina maTi gulebi da Cemi saxlis aivanze maTTvis, saSobao naZvis xe aRvmarTe. saSinlad yinavda im RamiT. saSobao tvirTi Zia ra­ fom, CvenTan erTad, sakuTari zurgiT atara da didi sifrTxiliT, berias quCaze (amJamindeli guramiSvi­ lis), isic komendantis saaTis pirobebSi, im saTavsoSi ganaTavsa, sadac tyveTa Sromis iaraRebi inaxeboda. minda giTxraT, rom germanelebi, maSin wyalmomarage­ bis sistemis mowyobiT samuSaoebs, guramiSvilis quCa­ zec eweodnen.

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...Tendeba Soba dRe da vxedavT Cvens saxlebTan moaxlo­e­bul samxedro mwyobriT, marSiT momaval tyve-oficerTa ko­ lonas.

Cvendami madlierebis niS­ nad mwyobri uecrad Sedga, TiToeulma maTganma qudi moixa­ da, samklaurze dai­ do da oficerTaT­ vis Cveuli maneriT mogvesalma _ Tavi wuTierad dagvixara... mcire pauza da kolonam Cveu­ li ritmiT ganagrZo svla. badrag-zedamxedvelT ver­ aferi gaegoT da gaognebulni aqeT-iqeT iyurebodnen, cdilobdnen gaerkviaT, Tu ra xdeboda irgvliv. es wami, zeaRtacebis brwyinvale wami, maSin saukuned meCvena da arc arasdros damaviwydeba. ase Rirseulni RirseulTagan iqcevian mxolod. am RirsebiTa da si­ amayiT aRsavse faqts istoria, ara wuTieri, naxevar­ saukunovani dumiliT inaxavda, da es swored, rom is wamia, romelzec ityvian _ `SeCerdi, ra mSvenieri xar, Sen!~ sul ramodenime adamianis kvlavac nedli mex­ siereba inaxavda am lamaz wuTebs saukuno dumiliT, rac, rom sul ramodenime striqonSi CavtieT, Tumc marTlac SeuZlebelia mxatvarma daxatos haeri! ai, WeSmariti magaliTi adamianebs Soris cremliv­ iT sufTa, spetaki urTierTdamokidebulebisa, mag­ aliTi megobroba-Tanadgomisa.

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`erTaderTi ram, rac rom yovelTvis gvWirdeba, siyvarulia~... jon lenoni oriod sityviT, germanel tyveTa janmrTelobaze mzrunvelobiT gamorCeul eqim-ftiziatris, tubdis­ panseris mTavari eqimis, qa­ lbaton Tamar oqropiriZis Sesaxeb msurs giamboT: _ qalbatoni Tamar oqrop­ iriZe, _ igonebs qalbatoni sesili xuciSvili, _ pro­ fesionalizmiTa da sikeTesiqveliT cnobili eqimi gax­ ldaT. roca germanelebma `axalbaRSi~ Wurvebi Camo­ yares, maxsovs, rogorc gem­ is kapitanma bolos rogor datova klinika, sadac igi mTavar eqimad muSaobda. misTvis sindis-namusi gax­ ldaT yvelaze didi qoneba. gansacdelSi Cavardnil daavadebul germanel tyveTa Tanadgoma-TanagrZnoba, Rirsebis saqmed miiCnia. mas sjeroda sikeTis, roforc adamianis umTavresi preferenciis, rameTu Tavad gax­ ldaT misi mwarmoebel-Semoqmedi. keTili saqmeebiT icnobda mas gori. `saqmeman Senman gamogaCinoso~, _ swored rom asea ... da aq, asli dedanTan, sworia. erT dRes, samuSaos dawyebis win, germanelma tyveeb­ ma rafo Zias SesCivles, erTi maTgani avad gamxdariyo da, rom momakvdavs, saswrafo samedicino Careva esaW­ iroeboda. _ saubarSi qalbatoni nino (nunu) oqrop­ iriZe CaerTo. _ dedam dauyovnebliv moinaxula mZime mdgomareobaSi Cavardnili tyve. mTeli saavadmyofo fexze daayena da zogierTi moWarbebulad politiku­ rad moazrovne eqimi, mkacradac Seafucxuna. maRal­

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profesiul doneze Catarebuli operaciis Sedegad moxerxda sikvdilis piras misuli `germaneli pacien­ tis~ gadarCena. ... da rogorc SemdgomSi gairkva igi, franc loios megobari da Tavadac profesiiT eqimi, doqtori iuke­ naki yofila. dedaCemisa da sxva mzrunvel eqimTa wyalobiT, gadarCa moxdenili aRnagobis germaneli oficeri da amavdroulad tyve _ germanelTa brigadis winamZRo­ li vernar kopkac. malariiT Sepyrobils `qinaqina~ daeniSna da Tanmimdevruli mkurnalobis Sedegad maRali RmerTisa da eqim _ Tamar oqropiriZis wyalo­ biT, gamojanmrTelda kidec. minda giTxraT, rom saavadmyofo, sadac germanel tyveebs umkurnales, amilaxvrebis saxlSi iyo ganTavse­ buli. dRes, am SenobaSi, `viTibi~ banki funqcionirebs. aqve davZen, rom am saavadmyofoSi wlebis manZilze is­ eTi cnobili medikosebi moRvaweobdnen, rogorebic iyvnen gabriel gverdwiTeli, konstantine elioziSvi­ li, mixeil maWavariani... sicocxle, marTlac qariSxalia... _ maxsovs, 1948 wlis Semodgoma idga, roca goris #3 saS. skolis moswavlem, francs, yurZeni rom mivu­ tane. _ ganagrZobs qalbatoni nunu. Zalian gaexarda, Tqva kidec, ra xania yurZeni TvaliT ar minaxavso. sul male ki, Segvatyobines, rom gors stovebdnen da samuSaod CiTaxevSi gadahyavdaT. damSvidobebi­ sas gamosaTxovari werili gadmomca, sadac udides madlierebas gamoxatavda Cvens mimarT da irwmune­ boda, rom arasodes davaviwydebodiT Cven... sadac ki qarTul sityvas, an saqarTveloze Tqmuls gaigebda, yovelive CvenTan iqneboda asocirebuli. Cemi misdami Txovna ki iyo mxolod erTi _ samudamod daveviwyebi­

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neT da arasodes ecadaT CvenTan raime formiT, kon­ taqtis damyareba. nu dagvaviwydeba, rom im dros Cven­ Si, komunisturi reJimi mZvinvarebda da SesaZlo iyo isedac represirebulT, misi sisastike kvlavac Tavs dagvtexoda. erTxans, me da Zia rafom CiTaxevSi Casvlac ki ga­ davwyviteT. Tumc es garemoebaTa gamo, SeuZlebeli aRmoCnda. Cveni Canafiqris sisruleSi moyvana ver mox­ erxda. gamgzavrebisas Cemi fotosuraTi mTxova, Tumc Txovnas, civi uariT vupasuxe. erT dRes ki, CiTaxev­ idan Tbilisisaken gamomwesebulebs, gorze gamou­ vliaT. francs, rogorRac mouxerxebia wuTiT Cems sax­ lSi Semorbena da dedasTvis Cemi suraTis gamorTmeva. ...dabneuls pasportis patara suraTiRa mouZiebia. am dros, me ukve universitetis studenti gaxldiT da TbilisSi vimyofebodi. ...ai, am dRidan ikargeba franc loios kvali da ise CamoiTvala aTeulobiT wlebi, mis Sesaxeb arara gvs­ menia ra. yvelaferi ki amiT ar damTavrebula...

`Cemi saxe arcTu ise mimzidvelia, Zveli ki, daiviwyeT~. franc loio. franc loios werilidan qalbaton nunu oqropi­ riZisadmi. 1995 w. 18.IX _ wlebis manZilze vcdilobdi saarlandSi myofi qarTvelebis meSveobiT TqvenTan kavSiris damyarebas. arc adgilobrivi xelisuflebisadmi Cems mier gagza­ vnilma megobrulma werilebma gamoiRo Sedegi.

Zalian xSirad mifiqria gorze, imitom, rom SeuZlebe­ lia keTili adamianebis daviwyeba, romlebsac mcdelo­

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ba ar daukliaT, mcirediT mainc SeemsubuqebinaT Cve­ ni mdgomareoba. tyveobaSi myof Cems germanel Tanabri­ gadelebTan, garda erTisa, kavSiri aRar maqvs. es gax­ lavT doqtori iukenaki, ro­ melic goris saavadmyofoSi iwva da romelsac dedaTqven­ ma SeunarCuna sicocxle. do­ qtori iukenaki, SesaZloa, im kvirasac movinaxulo, Tu ga­ mojanmrTelda, radgan igi, ukve 81 wlisaa. gori da, masTan dakav­ Sirebuli mogonebani, yovelTvis nunus saxelTanaa dakavSirebuli, romelic mZime yofisa da SimSilis da­ ZlevaSi esoden xSirad mexmareboda, Tavisi adamiano­ biTa da RirsebiT, rwmenas gvibrunebda.

Zalze dasanania, rom me (gorSi tyveobis Semdgom) unda mecxovra dvirSi, sadac saqme sul sxvagvarad iyo. dvirSi, ori weliwadi gavatare. Cemi amxanage­ bi, Sin brundebodnen, me ki, sinanuliT Sevcqerodi maT gamomgzavrebas. sabednierod, me ar vekuTvnodi maT ricxvs, romlebic ufro metxans darCnen sabWoTa kavSirSi. 1949 wels, saSobaod poloneTis sazRvris gavliT, aRmosavleT germaniis sazRvarze gadavediT, sadac ukanasknelad gagvCxrikes da saojaxo suraTebic ki CamogvarTves. magram me, mainc movaxerxe erTi fo­ tos qudSi damalva da misi samSobloSi Camotana. es, is patara sapasporto suraTia, saxsovrad rom meboZa... da roca gorsa da dviris Sesaxeb vyvebi, es suraTi, mu­ dam CemTanaa.

Zvirfaso nunu, gancvifrebuli var, rom Tqven, ase kargad werT germanulad. naTlad maxsovs, rogor be­

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jiTad swavlobdiT germanuls da ebrZodiT Cvens, arcTu advili enis sirTuleebs. dabejiTebiT gTxovT, Semdgom werilSi, dawvrilebiT momwereT 1948 wl­ idan moyolebuli, Tqveni cxovrebis Sesaxeb: gaagr­ ZeleT, Tu ara swavla, darCiT, Tu ara gorSi, gaqvT, Tu ara ojaxi, vin aris Tqveni meuRle, ramdeni wlis xarT axla, Tumc ukeTesi iqneba, Tu gamomigzavniT Tqvens fotos da ara mxolod erTs. rac Seexeba Cems fotos, axali suraTi ar maqvs, Cemi saxe, arc Tu ise mimzidve­ lia, Zveli ki, daiviwyeT... ...da mivyveT gulis siTboTi damTbar, amaRelvebel striqonebs... _ momwereT dedaTqvenis, col-qmar axobaZeebis ojaxisa da mariam (marex) xuciSvilis Sesaxeb, rome­ lic im dros, eTnografi­ ul muzeumSi muSaobda. rodesac gorze vfiqrob, fotografi­ uli sizustiT vxedav im adgilebs, sadac Cven gvi­ muSavia. gxedavT Tqven (nunus) Tqveni saCuqrebi­ Ta da CvenTvis kapik-kapik mogrovili fuliT xelSi, gansakuTrebiT maSin, roca Tqven, ardadegebze miemg­ zavrebodiT. Tu Zneli ar iqneba, iqneb gamomigzav­ noT goris xedebi stalin­ mariam (marex) xuciSvili is muzeumidan, sadguris mimarTulebiT. sainteresoa, rogoria dRes Tqveni qa­ laqi. dvirSi, Cven gvaklda goris atmosfero, adamianebi da ubralod Tqven, dedaTqveni da axobaZeebi.

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axobaZeTa mosaZieblad yvelaferi ki, ase daiwyo... germaniaSi, kerZod ki, miunhenis klinikaSi, gulis warmatebuli qirurgiuli operacia Cautarda qa­ rTveli mecnieris, profesor mixeil (miSa) axobaZis SviliSvils, baton gia axobaZis vaJs. kiolnis televi­ ziiT gamosvlisas, Tarjimnis meSveobiT, batonma giam, uRrmesi madliereba gamoxata germanel medikosTa da zogadad germaniis saxelmwifos mimarT mxardaWerisa da TanadgomisaTvis. ...da am dros, teleeTeris msvlelobis dros, ezo­ dan saxlSi Semosul, baton franc loios, Caesmis sity­ va axobaZe, misTvis esoden Zvirfasi da maxlobeli qa­ rTuli gvari. swored aqedan iwyeba gorel axobaZeTa moZiebis rTuli da xangrZlivi odisea. batoni franci, telegadacemis dasrulebisTanave miujda sawer magidas da werils ugzavnis kiolnis televiziis xelmZRvane­ lobas: qalbaton Srain mark­ ers: _ 1995 wlis 26 ian­ vars, Tqvens gadacemaSi warmoadgineT Tqveni humanuri aqciis erT-er­ Ti monawile, axalgazr­ da qarTveli batoni, gia axobaZe. Zalze davale­ buli da madlobeli viqnebi, Tu Tqven momaw­ vdiT axobaZis misamarTs da Tu, ratom, amas sul ramodenime striqoniT mogiyvebiT:

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meore msoflio omis dasrulebis Semdeg me, ro­ gorc samxedro tyve, ramodenime xani gorSi, stalin­ is dabadebis qalaqSi vimyofebodi, sadac erT-erT samSeneblo brigadaSi vmuSaobdi. brigadis teqniku­ ri xelmZRvaneli ki, vinme inJineri, axobaZe gaxldaT, romelic Zalze megobrulad iyo Cvendami ganwyobili da sruli gagebiT ekideboda Cvens mdgomareobas. me, maSin, 25 wlis ymawvilma, ganvicade udidesi sikeTe axobaZis ojaxisa da maTTan damegobrebuli eqim qalba­ tonisagan, amavdroulad misi patara gogona _ nunusa­ gan. wlebis ganmavlobaSi vcdilob axobaZis ojaxTan kavSiris damyarebas. werilebma goris mmarTvelo­ bisadmi da mcdelobebma saarlandSi moRvawe erTi qa­ rTveli akademikosisa, Sedegi ar gamoiRo. iqneb SesaZlebeli iyos Tqveni meSveobiT axobaZee­ bisa da meore ojaxTan kavSiris damTavreba, maT Ses­ axeb raimes gageba, Tumc ar gamovricxav, rom ganvlil TiTqmis 50 wels, SesaZloa bevri ram Seecvala. Cemi gulis moTxovnilebaa, rom Tundac amdeni xnis Semdeg, SevZlo ramenairad im mZime wlebSi CemTvis gaweuli sikeTisaTvis, madlobis Tqma. franc loiom oficialu­ ri weriliT, orjer mimar­ Ta kiolnis televizias, sa­ dac gia axobaZis misamarTis, misTvis gandobas iTxovda, Tumc orjerve uariT upa­ suxes. televizia, bolos­ dabolos, mainc dainteres­ da da axobaZeTa moZiebis saqmes aRniSnuli telekom­ paniis germanelma Jurnal­ istma, andre zalbertusma mohkida xeli. samwuxarod,

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unda iTqvas, rom sxvadasxva subieqtur, Tu obieqtur mizez-garemoebaTa gamo, zalbertusis misia saqarTve­ loSi, warmatebuli ver aRmoCnda.

Tumc, qalbatoni nunu Tavad axerxebs franc loios mier kiolnis televiziis saxelze gagzavnili werilis moZiebas, Tavad baton gia axobaZisave ojaxSi, romel­ zec batoni francis sacxovrebeli saxlis misamarTi da telefonic ki gaxldaT miTiTebuli. es, Tebervlis TveSi moxda, xolo imave, 1995 wlis oqtomberSi, qal­ batoni nunu, batoni francisgan, pirvel werils Reb­ ulobs.

naTlad vgrZnobdiT, rom fardis miRma, frau axobaZe idga... franc loio rafiel axobaZis SviliSvilis, i.b. stalinis saxl-muzeumis fordebis mTavari mcvelis, qalbaton qeTevan axobaZis monaTxrobidan. _ papa, rafiel axobaZe, profesiiT inJineri gaxl­ daT. igi sainJinro saqmiano­ bas saqarTvelos sxvadasx­ va regionSi eweoda. misi uSualo xelmZRvanelobiT, wyalgayvanilobis rigi sistemebisa moewyo gorSi, quTaisSi, zogdidsa da sen­ akSi. swored profesiulma saqmianobam daakavSira samu­ damod gors, sadac wyalsad­ enis sameurneo saqmes xelmZ­ Rvanelobda. aqve davZen, rom, misi meuRle, bebiaCemi, babulia fxalaZe-axobaZisa, melqisedek meoris pirdapi­

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ri STamomavali gaxldaT. ...samuSaod gzadmimavalma germanel tyve-oficerTa kolonam, marSiT, papis mier naqiraveb saxls Cauara, mwyobri wuTierad Sedga da mxedruli pativiT gamox­ ata madliereba qvelmoqmed gorelTa mimarT, romleb­ mac papasTan erTad, komendantis saaTis pirobebSi, araerTgzis moaxerxes, maTdami daxmarebis xelis gaw­ vdena, amasTan gulidan amosuli imediani sityvis Ri­ miliT Tqma. mogvianebiT Sin, germaniaSi repatrirebuli tyve-oficeri _ franc loio, mogvwers: `TiToeulma CvenTaganma vicodiT, Rrmad gvjeroda, fardis miR­ ma, frau axobaZe rom idga. misi imedismomcemi gamome­ tyveleba mxneobas gvmatebda da gvamxnevebda. rom ara es ojaxi, dRes albaT, cocxlebi aRar viqnebodiT. ...da es xdeba maSin, roca rafo papas vaJi, mamaCemi _ Teimuraz axobaZe, mezRvau­ ri, 1941 wlidan faSizmis wi­ naaRmdeg, samkvdro-sasicocx­ lo brZolaSi iyo Cabmuli. sagulisxmoa, rom mama ojaxs, 1951 wlamde ar dabrunebia. misi mSoblebi ki, am dros, ger­ manel tyveebze zrunviT iyvnen dakavebulni, mSobliur Tanad­ gomas uwevdnen maT. mokled giambobT, Tu ro­ gor moakvlia Cvens, axobaZeTa ojaxs, batonma franc loiom. _ gorSi moRvawe mecniers, mixeil axobaZes, germaniaSi samkurnalod, SviliSvili hyavda gagzavnili. saqvel­ moqmedo xasiaTis telegadacema germanul sazogadoe­ basTan erTad, sruliad SemTxveviT, franc loiosac unaxavs. ufro metic, Cveni gvaris gagonebisTanave

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televiziisTvis miumarTavs da batoni mixeilis va­ Jis, gia axobaZis misamarTis misTvis miwodeba uTxovia. uTqvams, rom raxania hern inJiner axobaZes eZebda, rom­ lis winaSec didad davalebuli da madlieri iyo. ra­ modenime weriliT, goris adgilobrivi xelisuflebi­ sTvisac miumarTavs, Tumc pasuxi erTi da imave yofila _ aseTi ojaxi gorSi ar cxovrobs. bolosdabolos mainc moxerxda rafo axobaZis, Cveni ojaxis dadgena amasTan isic, rom Cven, me da Cemi da _ TinaTin axobaZe, namdvilad rom rafiel axobaZis SviliSvilebi varT. mopovebuli cnobebi, franc loios, dauyovnebliv gae­ gzavna germaniaSi. `miageT Cemgan salami Tqvens papas da bebias, sasaflaoze~. franc loio. franc loios mier gagzavnili werilidan rafiel axobaZis SviliSvilis, TinaTin axobaZisadmi: `pativcemul qalbaton Tina axobaZe-avazniSvils. _ ase mgonia, naxevari saqarTvelo germaniaSia ga­ momgzavrebuli. yvelgan mesmis qarTveli damsveneb­ lebis, studentebis da maTi naTesavebis Sesaxeb... da mainc, safosto kavSiri or saxelmwifos Soris, mou­ wesrigebelia. ase rom, gvixdeba mivmarToT aq myof qarTvelebs, rom `fostalionebad~ gamoviyenoT isi­ ni. amitomac xdeba werilze pasuxis gacemisas droSi SeuTanxmebloba. Cvens saerTo megobars _ nunus, etyo­ ba es Zalian awuxebs, magram radganac ase didi xnis ganmavlobaSi ar iyo Cvens Soris kavSiri, amitomac ramodenime kvira arafers unda niSnavdes. amdenad, Zalian gTxovT, SeatyobinoT nunus, rom me, Cemze dakis­ rebul `molodins~, pirnaTlad vasruleb. madlobT! _ Tqvenma werilma, Zalian gamaxara, ramdenadac, mar­ Talia, ara uSualod, aramed saojaxo xidis meSveobiT davamyare kavSiri axobaZeebTan, romlebic Cems gorSi

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yofnisas Cvens mimarT, adamianur siTbos, megobrobas, da rac mTavaria, adamianurobas avlendnen. amis gamomx­ atveli iyo, uwinares yovlisa Tqveni papa, romelic samwuxarod ase adre gardaicvala. me, Cems werilSi ar Sevexebi da ar ganvsji imdroindel istorias, poli­ tikas da qcevas, aramed minda mxolod gaCvenoT, rom CvenTvis _ samxedro tyveebisaTvis, arc ise advili iyo SevxvedrodiT iseT adamians, rogoric iyo Tqveni papa. ramdenadac vici is, qalaq goris wyalmomarage­ bis saqmes xelmZRvanelobda. dagegmili samuSaoebis, saremonto saqmeebis gafarToebisaTvis, muSaxels saW­ iroebda, rac man miiRo samxedro tyveebis brigadis saxiT. am brigadaSi viyavi mec. Cven viyaviT Tvrametni, yofili oficrebi, romlebsac, gulaxdilad rom giTx­ raT, didi survili ar hqondaT muSaobisa. amave dros, Cveni yofiTi pirobebi, kveba, Zalian primitiuli iyo. samuSao normebi sul ufro izrdeboda. ise, rom md­ gomareoba Zalian mZime iyo. Tqveni papa, romelsac agreTve Tavisi movaleobani gaaCnda samuSaos damkve­ Tis mimarT, male mixvda, Tu rogor gadaelaxa Cveni un­ dobloba da ise waremarTa zemoT aRniSnuli viTare­ ba, Cven gaxarebuli da madloblebi vyofiliyaviT, rom aseTi `naCalniki~ gvyavda. uaRresad Tavaziani, yovelTvis daxmarebisaTvis mzadmyofi, agreTve Cveni winadadebebis, _ Tu rogor SeiZleboda muSaobis uke­ Tesad warmarTva, _ angariSis gamwevi. amitomac Cven is, Zalian male Segviyvarda da amis gamo, siamovnebiT vasrulebdiT Cvenze dakisrebul samuSaos. sabed­ nierod mas SeeZlo ise ganelagebina samuSao obieqte­ bi, rom SegvZleboda samoqalaqo viTarebaSi aqeT-iqiT siaruli da CvenTvis raimes moZieba. amas xom CvenTvis, sasicocxlo mniSvneloba hqonda?! amiT SegveZlo Cveni sakvebis gaumjobeseba. Semdgom ki, am yvelafris ganaw­ ileba xdeboda brigadaSi, yvelaferi iyo ise, rogorc amas ganagebda papaTqveni. am mxriv is, Seudarebeli

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iyo. Tumca Cven xSirad vamC­ nevdiT mis qcevaSi, rom mo­ salodneli iyo iseTi adami­ anebis gamoCenac, romlebic Cvens mimarT sxvagvarad iyvnen ganwyobilni, vamC­ nevdiT, rom mas sakuTari problemebic awuxebda. Tqve­ ni bebia nunus dedasTan er­ Tad da TviT nunu, romelic maSin Zalian axalgazrda iyo, pirvelive dRidan, roca Cven erTmaneTs SevxvdiT, didi simpaTiiT iyvnen Cems mimarT ganwyobilni. Tqveni bebia xSirad modioda Tavis meuRlesTan erTad, viTom SemTxveviT Cvens samuSao adgilze, raTa ramodenime sityva eTqva, an gaeRima CvenTvis... an idga Tavisi oTax­ is siRrmeSi da iqedan gviqnevda xels, rodesac mivdi­ odiT samuSaod, an vbrundebodiT ukan.

Cvens saSobao dResaswaulze, maT, fanjaraSi, dadg­ es CvenTvis morTuli Sobis - xe. isini yovelTvis gva­ Zlevdnen Cven raimes; bevrs ara, magram rac ki ram gaaCndaT. orive iyvnen SesaniSnavi adamianebi, siyvar­ ulis Rirsni da Rirsni imisa, rom arasodes ar iqnen daviwyebulni, swored es aris mizezi, rom me, mTeli am wlebis ganmavloba­ Si, Cemi sulis siRrmeSi ver SevZeli axobaZeebis daviwyeba. mxolod mas Semdeg, rac damTavrda konfrontacia saxel­ mwifoebs Soris, Cemi mdgomareobisa da pro­ fesiis meSveobiT, CemT­

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vis SesaZlebeli gaxda damewyo maTi Zebna. Cemi rusul enaze dawerili werilebi Tbilisisa da goris xelisu­ flebis mimarT, upasuxod darCa. da ai, erTxel, tele­ gadacemis dros, davinaxe axalgazrda qarTveli, rom­ lis vaJi aq, samkurnalod imyofeboda. samwuxarod, mxolod dasasruls movuswari, Tumca gavige gvari _ axobaZe. es iyo dasawyisi Cemi axali Ziebisa da ai Sede­ gic, vfiqrob, Cemi am mcire striqonebiT, SevZeli cota ram meTqva TqvenTvis, Tqveni papisa da bebiis Sesaxeb, raTa yvelaferi naTeli yofiliyo da rom, Tqven Segi­ ZliaT iamayoT maTiT. geTayva, waakiTxeT es werili agreTve nunus, raTa manac icodes is, risi miwerac me damaviwyda. Tqveni papa, bebia da nunus deda, CvenTvis ganuyofeli mTlia­ nobaa da rac exeba erTs, igive exeba danarCensac. nunu ki, gansakuTrebuli SemTxvevaa. is, Zalian xSirad, Cemi gulisTvis, safrTxeSi igdebda Tavs, rodesac CemTvis raime mohqonda, radgan omi axali damTavrebuli iyo da msoflios TvalSi Cven, damnaSaveni viyaviT. Tavs nebas vaZlev gamogigzavnoT patara amanaTi, vinaidan ar vici, Tu ra gagexardebaT, CaTvaleT es pa­ keti, yvavilebis sanacvlod. rodesac gorSi iqnebiT, moikiTxeT CemTvis ucno­ bi Tqveni da, da miageT Cemgan salami Tqvens papas da bebias, sasaflaoze. keTili survilebi Tqven, Tqvens xalxs da Tqvens qveyanas.

Tqveni franc loio.

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madli gulisa qarTveli kaci, umweo yofaSi aRmoCenil guSin­ del mters, germanel tyves, stumrad miiCnevda, erT­ gulobda da lukmasac uyofda. swored esaa Cveni eTnosis Sinagani mrwamsis mTavari grZnoba, eris eT­ no-fsiqologiis niSansveti. simSvidis mopovebac, xom mxolod sikeTis qmniTa da locviT Tu SeiZleba... da rogorc pavle mociquli mogviwodebs _ `mrisxanebam­ an kacisaman simarTle RvTisa vera qmnes. simSvidis mopoveba, mxolod locviT Tu SeiZleba, mtrebis siy­ varuli unda viswavloT _ zenaa momniWebeli, mterTa siyvarulis moniWebisa~. `stumarTmaspinZelic~ Rrma filosofiuri datvirTvismqone gancxadebaa, romel­ ic Segvagonebs, rom kacma mxolod sakuTar naWuWSi ar unda icxovros. Cven xom zenam, adamianebi, saerTman­ eTod Segvqmna. adamiani ki mxolod erT SemTxvevaSia bednieri, da es maSin, roca mis gulSi, RmerTia. P.S. batoni franc loio, goridan repatriaciis Sem­ dgom, germaniis axladSeqmnil armiaSi iwyebs muSao­ bas. misi warmatebuli kariera, wlebis manZilze grZel­deboda. 1969-75 wlebSi, igi gaxldaT germaniis samxedro ataSe CileSi. batoni franc loio, 2007 wels gardaicvala.

`omi sastikia, magram jariskacebi udanaSauloni arian~...

2008 wlis agvistos cxel dReebSi, goris samxedro hospitalSi, erTi daWrili rusi jariskaci moxved­ rila. sasowarkveTili, Tavis udanaSaulobas umt­ kicebda eqimebs. erTma maTganma Cveuli, qarTuli, ada­ mianuri siTboTi daamSvida aRelvebuli pacienti da dauyovnebliv Seudga profesiuli movaleobis gul­ dagul Sesrulebas _ okupant pacientze zrunvas. isic

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isic Tqmula, agvistos omis dros, konfliqtis zona­ Si, daWrili rusi jariskaci qarTvelma dedam Seifara da sicocxle SeunarCuna Turme mas?! ...da vin mosTvlis urTierTmitevebisa da urTierT­ dandoba _ TanagrZnobis, erTmaneTis atana-gatanis uTvalsawiero istoriebs Cveni warsulidan, dRemde rom mogvyveba... TiTqos paradoqsia, Tumc naTqvami, romelic minda mkiTxvelsac gavuziaro; agvistos omi­ sas, roca qalaqi gori ruseTis regularulma armiam daikava, erTma rusma jariskacma, goris skolis kurs­ damTavrebulma javSnosaniT, Tanaklaselsa da Tavis maswavlebels, arc meti, arc naklebi, sakuTar saxlSi miakiTxa. nu dagvaviwydeba, rom jariskacic Cveule­ brivi adamiania da yvelaze metad omi, maT ezizRebaT. omi sastikia, magram jariskacebi, udanaSauloni arian. da roca tolerantobis eTno-fsiqologiur as­ peqtebze vsaubrobT, unda gvaxsovdes, rom gulmowy­ aleba ara mxolod romelime erisa, Tu erovnebis kuT­ vnilebaa, rom igi adamianTaTvis, RvTiT boZebuli saCuqaria. Tumc sikeTis qmna, mxolod zenasgan gamor­ Ceul, Rirseul adamianebs SeuZliaT. amas winaT, erT-erTi muzeumidan gamosul rus stumarTa jgufs, eqskursiamZRoli gulTbilad emS­ vidobeboda, amasTan momavalSic Txovda stumrobas, stumrebs, romelTa saxelmwifomac qveynis teritori­ is 20%-is okupa­ cia moaxdina... ro­­gorc rigi­ Ti Jurnalis­ ti da qarTveli kaci, vsargeblob SemTxveviT da movuwodebdi ruseTis xelis­ ufalT, _ tanke­

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biTa da aviagama­ nadgureblebiT, nuRar moisurvebT ga­ molaSqrebas. girCevT, SecvaloT Tqveni damok­ idebuleba saqarTvelos mimarT, rogorc suv­ erenuli saxelmwifos­ admi. mxolod amis Semd­ gom iqneba SesaZlebeli aRdges Cveni mraval­ saukunovani urTier­ Toba, gza mivceT STamo­ mavlobas momavali keTilmezoblobisa, megobruli, civiluri urTierTobis dasamkvidreblad. gana ukeTesi ar iqneba, CamobrZandeT Cvens stumarT­ moyvare qveyanaSi da yvavilebiT SeamkoT eseninis na­ terfalni mcxeTaSi da Tundac griboedovis samudamo gansasvenebeli mTawmindis panTeonSi?!

Cveni mxriv, samoyvrod, Cvenc gestumrebiT ruseTs da pativs mivagebT Tqvens miwaSi damiwebul qarTvel­ Ta _ vaxtang VI-is, sulxan-saba orbelianis wminda sa­ flavebs, maT sulebs. droa, namdvilad droa, erTad veZeboT xvalindeli dRisken mimavali, Cveni urTierTobis gadarCenis gze­ bi. aq, Tavs uflebas mivcem da erT qarTul sibrZnes SegaxsenebT _ `rac mtrobas daungrevia, siyvaruls uSenebia~. modiT da dangreulis siyvaruliT Senebas SevudgeT yvela erTad! `mmarTvelebs, saxelmwifo politikur moRvaweebs, xalxebs, Cveulebriv, istoriis gamocdilebaze miu­ TiTeben xolme, raTa Wkua misgan iswavlon, magram is­ toria da misi gamocdileba, mxolod imas gvaswavlis, rom arc xalxebs da arc maT mTavrobebs, istoriisgan arasodes uswavliaT raime... arc arasodes moqceulan

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im moZRvrebaTa Sesabamisad, romlebic istoriuli ga­ mocdilebidan unda gamoetanaT daskvnis saxiT~. _ wer­ da hegeli Tavis cnobil `istoriis filosofiaSi~. samwuxarod, didi germaneli filosofosis si­ tyvebi, Cvens Tanamedroveobasac esadageba. mSvido­ baca da omic ara marto social-politikur, aramed fsiqologiur-zneobriv kategoriebsac warmoadgenen. calkeul adamianTa sulSi davanebuli mSvidoba, Tavi­ sufleba, sinaTle, siyvaruli, mSvidobadve moefineba samyaros... da piriqiT _ mis sulSi dabudebuli omi, qa­ osi, sibnele, siZulvili, omadve gadmoinTxeva... da ro­ gorc ioane oqropiri qadagebs: _ `Tu mSvidoba sufe­ vs, iqneba siyvarulic, da piriqiT, sadac siyvarulia, iq mSvidoba daisadgurebs. mxolod sayovelTao siy­ varuls SeuZlia migviyvanos sayovelTao mSvidobamde.

`me Sen ar damviwebixar, RmerTo~... simon eizentali marTlac, rom auCqarebeli svla aqvs Cvens yofas. saukuneebiT nakurTxi, jansaRi tradiciebiT nasazr­ doebi Cveni didi winaprebi win midiodnen nabijebiT, romelTa sigrZec aTaswleulebiT izomeboda. mil­ ionobiT adamiani ibadeboda da kvdeboda ise, rom ar ganucdiaT moqalaqeobriv aRmoCenaTa sixaruli, Rir­ seuli cxovrebiT moniWebuli bedniereba, rac rom rCeulTa xvedria mxolod. odiTgan ki aravin vuwyiT, ras gvimzadebs bediswera, rodis aRgvazevebs da ro­ dis dagvcems, ra gza-bilikebiT gvatarebs samyaros ukidegano, nar-ekliT gadavsebul, gauwaldav labir­ inTebSi; `sadaursa sad waiyvans~ rogor mogviwyobs momavals, rogor Seasxams frTebs Cvens mizan-ocnebas da rodis dadgeba Jami aRsasrulisa. kacTa modgmis mateanes ki uxvad aukinZavs Rirs­ saxsovari TariRebi, TariRebi gamorCeul adamianTa

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dabadebisa da kvdomisa, diadi movlenebisa, Tu aRmo­ Cenebisa. CvenTvis, qarTvelTaTvis, sxvagvarad Zvirfa­ sia weli didgorisa da basianisa, vamayobT daviTiTa da TamariT, rusTveliTa da vaJaTi; ...da rogorc udide­ si qristianuli memkvidreobis eri, veTayvanebiT svet­ icxovelsa da gelaTs... frangTaTvis aranakleb saTayvanebelia Jami basti­ lis aRebisa, rusTaTvis _ monRolTa uRlis gadag­ debisa, epoqa petre didisa... Tumc arsebobs TariRi, romelic qveynad jansaRad moazrovne yovel adamians aerTianebs _ esaa TariRi faSizmis ganadgurebisa, fa­ Sizmisa, romelsac sakuTari sicocxlis fasad, Tavad germanelebic ebrZodnen. simon vizentalis erTerT werilSi, vkiTxulobT `roca Cemi amqveynidan wasvlis Jami dadgeba, RmerTi­ sadmi Tqmul Semdeg sityvebSi vpoulob Svebas, _ Cven yvelani, RmerTis sasamarTlos winaSe warvsdgebiT da yovel Cvengans mogviwevs sakuTari cxovrebis gamo, an­ gariSis Cabareba. erTi ityvis: `me mkeravi viyavi~, meo­ re _ `eqimi~, mesame _ `iuveliri~. me ki SevZleb vTqva _ `me Sen ar damviwyebixar, RmerTo~... tolerantoba da adamianis siyvaruli, arc holan­ diis kunZul teqselze daviwyniaT gulmowyale holandielebs, avbediT mdgomareobaSi STenil qarT­ vel tyve-jariskacTa mimarT.

`qarTvelTa quCidan~ ZmaTa sasaflaosken! zaqsenhauzenis cnobili SeiaraRebuli ajanyebis gverdiT, seriozulobiTa da organizebulobiT ga­ moirCeoda, holandiis kunZul teqselze, qarTvel tyveTa SeiaraRebuli ajanyebac. _ `brZeni moxuci teqseleli skaldi, dResac qarTvelTa marjvenas hficavs,

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rom arasodes ar moswrebia, msgavsi gmiroba teqselis miwas~. mSvidad sZinavT kunZul teqselis ZmaTa sasaflaoze qarTvel meomrebs, qarTvelTa sisxliTaa morwyuli teqseli. es, qarTvelTa gmiruli epopeaa, tkivili da didi fiqri 800 tyve - jariskacisa, amavdroulad _ ZmaTa sasaflao 500 qarTvelisa! marTlac, rom oqros asoebiT Caiwera Cveni samSoblodan wasul meomar­ Ta Seupovari brZolis epizodebi am esoden Soreul `jvarcmul kunZulze~. yvelaferi ki ase daiwyo tyveTa sruli izolaciis mizniT, saSineli tan­ jvis, auwereli damcirebisa da wamebis grZel gzaze gavlili qarTuli batalioni, 1945 wlis TebervalSi poloneTidan, kunZul teqselze gadmoiyvanes. es is batalioni gaxldaT, romelic faSistebma iZulebiT, tyvedCagdebul qarTvelTagan Camoayalibes poloneT­ Si 1943 wels. mizani, maTi sazarbazne xorcad gamoy­ eneba gaxldaT, Tumc batalionis wevrebi ganazraxs ma­ leve Caswvdnen da SurisZiebiT aRvsilni moxerxebul dros eZebdnen ajanyebisaTvis.

1945 wlis aprili idga... civ da miusafar teqselze Savi, lega RrubeliviT gawoliliyo sqeli da mrume nisli. sikvdilis aCrdili daswoloda pirquSmocul betonis kedlebs. mkvdarTa Zils moecva mTeli kunZu­ li... mxolod okeanis talRebi borgavdnen da quxil­ iT askdebodnen sana­ piros. Sors, Zalian Sors, mosCanda Zli­ vas mbJutavi sazRvao Suqura... eRviZa mxolod qa­ rTul batalions, eRviZa aRtkinebas, SemarTebas...

Su­

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risZiebis saaTmac ar daayovna. 1945 wlis 4 aprils, cnobili gaxda, rom batalionis naxevars (igi 800 ka­ cisagan Sesdgeboda), frontze gzavnidnen. batalio­ nis xelmZRvanelobam (S. lolaZe da evg. artemiZe) gad­ awyvita dauyovnebliv daewyoT ajanyeba, rac 6 aprils, ganxorcielda kidec... da mowinaaRmdegis 800 kaciani garnizoni mTlianad ganadgurda. teqselis kaspeli gmiris, grigol bainduraSvilis mogonebidan: _ ufrosebma aseulebad dagvanawiles; TiToeul razms TavTavisi meTauri miuCina. meore dRes, TiTqos mTeli kunZuli, Cvens xelSi aRmoCnda. piradad Cemi xelmZRvanelobiT gaTavisuflda koqs dorfi, Tumca hitlerelTa mcire nawilma, mainc SeZlo Tavis daRwe­ va da gangaSis atexva. garda amisa, maT SeinarCunes ori saartilerio batarea, romelmac SemdgomSi brZolis bedi, germanelebis sasargeblod Seabruna~. ori dRis Semdeg kunZulze, germanelTa didma Sen­ aerTma iwyo gadmosxma, brZola sastiki, Tumca Zalze uTanasworo aRmoCnda. gaqra ingliselTa daxmare­ bis imedebic, ganaxevrebul da SeTxelebul qarTul batalions, germanelebma Tavs, grigaliseburi cecxli daatexes. ajanyebulni damarcxdnen... ajanyebis meTauri Salva lolaZe da misi 500-ze meti TanamebrZoli, gmiruli sikvdiliT daeca brZo­ lis velze... ...da TiTqos bedma kaspelebs _ grigol (griSa) bain­ duraSvils, aleqsandre (sandala) da Salva menabdiS­ vilebs, ori dedis kalTa gadaafara _ pirvels _ deda kornelia fon ferbergeris, xolo aleqsandre da Sal­ va menabdiSvilebs _ ana klainisa. holandielma mandi­ losnebma marTlac, rom namdvili dedoba gauwies maT.

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`Seni qarTuli marjvena, sad CaiSala Tixada~... giorgi leoniZe deduri siwminde, deduri alersi, deduri siTbo da Tavdadeba... ai, yvela is Zvirfasi Tviseba, rac axasiaT­ ebda deda kornelias. es xom Cveni RviZli dedis Tvise­ bebicaa. SemTxveviTi arc is gaxldaT, rom 1972 wlis 27 ianvars saqarTveloSi, qalaq kaspSi yofnisas deda _kor­ nelias qarTveli qalis mandili da qarTuli miwiT savse patara yuTi gadaeca. holandielma qalbatonma dams­ wreT, maxsovs, aRuTqva, rom am miwas, faSizmTan brZola­ Si daRupul qarTvelTa saflavze moabnevs da qarTveli dedis mandils siamovnebiTa da siamayiT atarebs iq, sad­ ac dRes saukuno ZiliT sZinavT qarTvel vaJkacebs. ...diax, qarTvel ajanyebulebs, romlebic cocxalni gadarCnen, kornelia fon ferbergeri patronobda. ma­ Sin igi 40 wlis iyo. cxovrobda kunZulis CrdiloeT, ganapira nawilSi mdebare saxlSi. misi ojaxi _ meuR­ le da Svilebi, Tavgamodebuli antifaSistebi iyvnen. mZimed daWrilebs sxvenSi mowyobil patara lazareT­ Si mkurnalobdnen. amasTan awvdidnen tansacmelsa da sursaT-sanovages. deda kornelia Tanabrad unawileb­ da gulis siTbos qarTvelebs. rac Seexeba grigol bainduraSvils, mas Tavis mesame Svilad miiCnevda. _ deda korneliam ar icoda ra iyo daRla, SiSi, ig­ onebs batoni grigoli da ganagrZobs, _ sadac ar ve­ lodiT, iq gvxvdeboda, gvicavda, Tvals gvadevnebda, gasaocrad Sromismoyvare da mousvenari qali iyo. zustad iq gaCndeboda, sadac gviWirda. ai, dadga faSizmze gamarjvebis dRec, 9 maisi _ `sisxlis wvimebis~ dasasrulis nanatri, mziani dRe­ saswauli, Tumc dardi da tkivili dauTvleli darCa dRemde. vin daTvlis dardsa da cremls, vin Tqva misi gazomva, ra okeane Seedreba daRvril cremls? deda kornelia didxans CamobrZandeboda xolme saqarTveloSi da sakmao xans rCeboda SvilobilebTan.

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mas xom saqarTvelo, meore samSoblod miaCnda? kun­ Zul teqsels, Tavis mxriv, mravaljer swvevian qarTve­ li meomrebi, kunZulis epopeis monawileni, romelTac yovelTvis didi aRfrTovanebiT egebebodnen aqaure­ bi. aq, kunZul teqselze, qarTvelebis sapativsace­ mod, erTerT mniSvnelovan quCas _ `qarTvelTa quCa~ Searqves. simboluri da niSandoblivia, rom es quCa, pirdapir `ZmaTa sasaflaosken~ miemarTeba, quCa, rome­ lic TiToeuli teqselelis gulidan iwyeba...

Sesaval nawilSi didi vaJa-fSavelas `stu­ mar-maspinZeli~ vaxsene, rac rom WeSmaritad erovnul niadagze da TviTmyofad cnobiereba _ sulier faseu­ lobebzea aRmocenebuli. geniosi mwerlisa da poetis, ufrore filosofosis am nawarmoebSi, erTi ramaa erTob saCino; masSi umaRles rang-xarisxSia ayvanili adamianurobis gancda, erovnulobis Cveneuli Cve­ va-unari, adamianis siyvaruli da altruizmi. _ `me rom ar miyvardes da ar mebralebodes vinme, Tavs ar vicocxlebdi~ _ acxadebs klasikosi brZenkaci. amasTan davsZen, rom vaJa fSavelas altruizmi, adamianis Se­ bralebis grZnoba, uaRresad principuli Sinaarsisaa da masSi natamalic ar moipoveba pativmoyvareobis batonkacuri filantropisa; poets erTgvari koreq­ tivac Seaqvs Tavis TezaSi: `vfiqrob, rom sibraluls siyvaruli sjobia bevrad. sibraluli, cota ar iyos, batonymuri grZnobaa. me ra ufleba maqvs mebrale­ bodes vinme, me, romelic iqneba, TviTon viyo Sesabral­ isi?~ (qarTuli literaturis istoria~ - t. IV. gv.401). geniosi poeti RviZli Svili gaxldaT qarTuli saqarTvelos erovnuli kulturisa, adamianis bediR­ balze Cafiqrebuli eruditi - humanisti. qarTul fes­ vebze idga mudam patara saqarTvelo da qarTveloba, amas Cveni tolerantuli buneba da Tundac erTurTis gverdiT mdgari sxvadasxva aRmsareblobis taZrebic naTlad adastureben.

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winamdebare naSromSi Sevecade gulwrfeli, adami­ anuri poziciebidan damenaxa is urTierTobebi, rom­ lis avtorebic gorelebi da gorSi myofi germaneli tyve-jariskacebi gaxldnen. wignis mizani ar yofila vinmes gankiTxva, an imJamindeli politikis Rrma anal­ izi. amas, mxolod ufali ganagebs. kvlevaSi warmodge­ nili adamianebi, Tavad afaseben aRniSnul istoriul koniunqturas da mis Tanmdev procesebs... Tumc CemT­ vis, rogorc JurnalisTisTvis, mTavari mainc Cveni eTnosis gansakuTrebuli, moWarbebuli tolerantu­ li buneba, eris gulmowyale damokidebulebaa umweo mdgomareobaSi aRmoCenil germanel tyveTa mimarT. sxvaTa Wiris gamziarebelma gorelebma, marTlac rom erTgulad, uRalatod uWirisufles maT... guli ar gautexiaT, ar SeSinebulan, xeli ar CauqneviaT, maTT­ vis samagieros gadaxdis odnavi survilic ki ar gas­ CeniaT, rameTu gaborotebuli kaci, RmerTis rwmenas hkargavs, rac TavisTavad didi ubedurebaa. yvela ers hyavs RirsebiT Semkuli da keTilSo­ bilebiT gabrwyinebuli adamianebi; Cvenc gvxiblavs da gveamayeba Cvens TanaqalaqelTa _ gorelTa gul­ mowyale, adamianuri didbunebovneba, sulgrZeloba, rasac siyvaruli hqvia. adamianis siyvaruli ki, rasak­ virvelia, RvTis siyvaruls niSnavs. minda mjerodes, rom Cvens qveyanaSi zneobrivi krizisi arasodes daisadgurebs da moraluri principebiT kidev metad gavilamazebT sulebs. qcevebs ki yovelwuTierad unda zomavdes adamiani. es ar gaxlavT problema, es amoca­ naa.

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epilogi zaqsenhauzenis tyve­ Ta banakis nangrevebze, 19 evropuli saxelmwi­ fos nebiT, faSizmis wi­ naaRmdeg evropis xalx­ Ta brZolis amsaxveli muzeumia aRmarTuli, misi fundamenti ki, im aTiaTasobiT tusaRis ferflze Zevs, romelTa iakob juRaSvili Sorisac faSizmis mesa­ flavis, i.b. stalinis ufrosi vaJis, usaflavo jariska­ cis, saxelSeubRalavi, Rirseuli Svilisa da mamuliSvi­ lis, iakob juRaSvilis ferflicaa mimofantuli... mis mSobliur gorSi, wminda ninos saxelobis eklesi­ is gverdiT ki, eqvsi samxedro, ugvarsaxelo tyve _ ger­ maneli ganisvenebs, maTTan erTad ki aq davanebuli maTi, aseve xanmokle biografiis, TiTqmis yvelasagan miviw­ yebuli mkvdari istoriac... Tumc arc isini gaxldnen us­ axeloni, ar arsebobs sikvdilis gamocdileba, sikvdils, marTlac veravin mo­giyveba, magram aris sagangebo wuTe­ bi, roca mokvdavni movaleni varT, gavu­ goT maradisobaSi damkvidrebulTac. alali yofiliyos Cveni mSobliuri miwa maTTvisac. germanel tyveTa saflavTa Suagul­ Si, granitis vee­ berTela svetia aRmarTuli, mis

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irgvliv ki granti­ save momcro jvrebi, eqvsi daRupuli ger­ manelis gansasveneb­ lisa niSnuli nuge­ Sad mwuxarebisa. es, xsovnis niSani rodia mxolod. es, gamafrTx­ ilebeli gasrolaa mo­ mavlisaTvis, `ara kac hkla!~ _ Segoneba-Sexsenebaa kacobriobisaTvis. tyve germanelTa sasaflaodan, sul ramodenime me­ tris moSorebiT, agvistos omSi daRupul gmirTa me­ morialia aRmarTuli, niSansveti im lomgula biWebis xsovnis ukvdavsayofad, vinac sakuTari mkerdiT SeaCera saqarTvelosaTvis nasroli tyvia maradiuli sicocx­ lis dasawyebad. agvistos omi ki, Tavadac kargad mogex­ senebaT, ar yofila sisxliani premiera Cvens istoriaSi. istoriis ufskrulSi CaZires uRirsi saqcieliT. maxsovs, Cems bavSvobaSi, mSobliur doessa da de­ duleT _ zemo xandakSi, ra rudunebiT uvlidnen da ufrTxildebodnen, did samamulo omSi daRupul, SinmousvlelTa stend-memorialebs. Tumc dRes, Ze­ glebTan erTad, aRarc saxsovari daindes da usastikes omSi daRupul biWebis saxelovani istoria, istoriis ufskrulSi CaZires ugvano saqcieliT. me ki megona, SinmousvlelTa obeliskebic iseTive maradiuli iqne­ boda, rogoric Tavad sicocxle da maTi xsovnaa. modiT da agvsitos gmirTa memorialTan erTad, Cve­ ni gulebi yofiliyos maTi gmirobis maradiuli saxso­ vari... dae maTac gaagrZelon sicocxle drois gareSe am sikeTe-siyvaruliT aRsavse Cveni modgmis uTvalsaw­ iero istoriaSi. vaJa SaqaraSvili publicisti

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