ვერდიქტი by მწერალთა სახლი

vaJa SaqaraSvili

verdiqti istoriis daviwyebas istoria ar gvapatiebs `herostrates dafnis gvirgvinosanTa~ Savi dosie

SeniSvna: ibeWdeba arasruli saxiT. stili yvelgan daculia

2018

avtorisagan adamianis arseboba misi dabadebidan rodi iwyeba da arc maSin mTavrdeba, roca sawuTros veTxovebiT. kacobriobis mTeli istoria CvenSi Semodis da momavalSi grZeldeba. istoriasac Tavadve vqmniT da raoden gulsatkenia, roca gardasul mRvrie droebaTa amazrzen movlenaTa Sesaxeb, adamianTa modgmisaTvis yovlad Seuferebel, gaugonar sisastikeze vsaubrobT jerac. samarTali simarTlisa da samarTlianobis xelovnebaao, _ gvaswavlis laTinuri gamoTqma. amdenad, mec samarTlianobidan daviwyeb, miT ufro, rom samarTali, Tavad zneobidanaa warmoSobili da sityvis fuZec samarTlianobidanve iRebs saTaves. samarTlianoba ki iseTive Zvelia, rogorc TviT adamiani. swored, rom sikeTe-borotebisa da samarTlianoba-usamarTlobis gaazrebiT daiwyo naxevradveluri arsebis gankaceba-gaadamianebis procesi, Tumc kvlavac gviwevs msjeloba, Tu ra aris RvTismosavoba da mkrexeloba, mSvenieri da samarcxvino, samarTliani da usamarTlo, goniereba da ugunuroba, sisastike da gulmowyaleba. kacobriobis istoria, marTlac rom sikeTesa da borotebas Soris brZolis istoriaa, Tumc sad iwyeba, sad mTavrdeba erTic da meorec, sfinqsiseul gamocanad rCeba dResac. TiTqos banalur movlenad iqca,

roca ZvelTagan sapatiod miCneuli warmodgenebi da Sexedulebani drodadro rom irRveva, iwyeba sastiki terori, romelsac Tan sdevds qaosi, anarqia, dRemde gamocxadebul RirebulebaTa mkveTri gadafaseba, uRmerTobiT, fanatizmiT gamowveuli aTasgvari saSinelebani... morali, sindisi, RvTismosavoba, sxva zneobrivi maqsimebi `umweoTa monagonad~ cxaddeba, maT adgils, Zalmomreobis, umecrebis kulti ikavebs. wignis mizani ar yofila saxelobiTad vinmes gankiTxva, an imJamindeli politikis Rrma analizi. amas, mxolod ufali gansjis, ganagebs. kvlevaSi warmodgenili dokumentebi, werilobiTi wyaroebi, mkiTxvelis winaSe Tavad afaseben istoriul koniunqturas da mis Tanmdev procesebs. naSromSi warmodgenilia istoriuli dokumentebi mxolod mciredi komentarebiT, rogorc istoriuli, ise moralur-humanisturi TvalsazrisiT. minda mjerodes, rom zneobrivi krizisi, aRarasdros ganmeordeba da siyvaruliT, moraluri principebis Rrma erTgulebiT, metad gavilamazebT sakuTar sulebs. mxolod urTierTsiyvaruli gadagvarCens Cven da Tavad adamianurobis ideas.

bWe-karad saTqmeli winamdebare naSromi saqarTvelis ZirZveli qalaqis-goris sabWouri warsulis miZinebuli, bevrTagan, raxania daviwyebuli, dro-Jamisagan walamuli istoriis aRdgenas isaxavs samTavro miznad. erTxans vfiqrobdi, iqneb saWiroc ar iyos yovelive amis Sesaxeb wera, Sav-TeTri kadrebis ukan datrialeba, Tumc mwams, es, Cvenve gvevaleba, Tu dairRva droTa kavSiri, uTuod garTuldeba xedva momavalSi. istorias Tvals, veravin dauxuWavs, istoriis daviwyebas, Tavad istoria ar gvapatiebs... rogorc publicistma, pro-

fesiul valdebulebad vcani, saarqivo-dokumentur masalebze dayrdnobiT, maTive karnaxiT, SeZlebisdagvarad Semevso gasuli saukunis 20-iani wlebis goris istoriis mRvrie droebis met-naklebad carieli furclebi, SeZlebisdagvarad aRmedgina goris istoriuli warsulis is tkiviliani, uamo periodi, rac adamianTa gankulakeba-rekvizicias, e.w. `SavsulTa~ devna-Seviwroebas, RvTismsaxurTa terors, eklesiaTa ngreva-daxurvas, zogadad, agresiul-saeklesio politikas, adamianTa mimarT terors ukavSirdeba. narkvevi, mxolod fragmentia Zalmomreobis veeba katalogidan, uxvad rom akinZa, TviT istoriam. wignSi Sinagani rwmeniT, mrwamsis karnaxiT, saWirod ar vcani im adamianTa vinaobis gamxela, maT gvar-saxelTa samzeoze gamotana, romelTa zoologiur vnebebs, ukanono, amoralur qmedebebs, adamianTa uflebebi, cxovreba, sicocxle ewireboda. dae, kvlavac saukuno dumiliT Semoinaxos maTi Savi dosie istoriam. ...maTi gansja, gankiTxva, ar warmoadgens saCino mizans; _ dedamiwaze mTavari mosamarTle, msajuli, RmerTia mxolod, adamianis sindisTan erTad. simon vizentalis erT-erT werilSi, vkiTxulobT: `roca Cemi amqveynidan wasvlis HJami dadgeba, RmerTisadmi Tqmul, Semdeg sityvebSi vpoulob Svebas _ Cven, yvelani, RmerTis sasamarTlos winaSe warvsdgebiT da yovel Cvengans mogviwevs sakuTari cxovrebis gamo angariSis Cabareba. erTi ityvis: `me, mkeravi viyavi~, meore - `eqimi~, mesame _ `iuveliri~. me ki SevZleb vTqva: `me Sen, ar damviwyebixar, RmerTo...~ am dawesebulebaSi kvlevis procesSi daxmareba-TanadgomisTvis, ar SemiZlia madliereba ar gamovxato goris adgilobrivi arqivis da istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis TanamSromelTa mimarT. aq, cxovrobs istoria, aviT da kargiT, romlis sacavTa bneli wiaRidan, Cems winaSe amokristalda saadami-

aneTisTvis araerTi samarcxvino dokumenti, romelic vfiqrob, kidev erTxel dagvafiqrebs, Tu ra SeuZlia Caidinos urwmuno da medrove adamianma. aq, gaecnobT imas, risi xsovnas, TiTqos samudamod Cakargula istoriis wyvdiadsa da uxsovrobaSi. amdenad, istoriuli yamiris texva, obieqtivis gasworebaa Cvengan saWiro. warsulSi Casaxleba unda SevZloT, ukeT SeviswavloT, gavicnoT, gaviTavisoT Cveni istoria, swored rom viaroT win, momavlisken. istoria, xom cocxali organizmia, romelic gvaswavlis. warsulSi xevda, awmyos safuZvelia da brZeni haines brZanebis ar iyos, _ `Tu gsurs win sworad midiode, ar dagaviwydes ukan moxedva~. istoriis daviwyebas, Tavad istoria ar gvapatiebs.

ametyvebuli istoria `revoluciaSi RmerTis xeli ar urevia~. goeTe ibeWdeba pirvelad

Sinagan saqmeTa komisars, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis reqtoris, prof. iv. javaxiSvilis gancxadeba

goris mazris sof. xovleSi maqvs saxli Tavis kar-midamoTi, romelSic soflis skola moaTavses da revkomic aris Camdgari. Robe aRebulia da damwvari. aqa-iq moajiris nawilebic SeSad dauwvavT, fanjrebiTganac minebi amouRiaT. erTi sityviT, saxli mTlad gacarculi da ganadgurebulia. radgan saxli me mWirdeba da magis meti ara mqonda ra, amitom gTxovT gankarguleba gasceT, rom Cemi saxli dauyovnebliv ganaTavisuflos revkomma da skolisaTvis sxva Senoba iyo nayidi, fuli hqondaT miRebuli Senobis asagebad. Tu fuli daxarjes da saxli ar aaSenes, es maTi bralia da ara Cemi... mxolod samecniero da

sazogadoebriv asparezze momuSaves, Cem sofelSi myofi saxli erTdaerTi sazafxulo myudro kuTxe mqonda, daRlilsa da qalaqis haeriT mobezrebuls ori-sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi dasveneba SemeZlo. oTxi zafxuli Sesrulda, mexuTe midis, rac ar damisvenia. gTxovT gankargulebas, rom me Cemi saxli damibrundes. saxel. universitetis reqtori, prof. iv. javaxiSvili 1922 w. 15 ivlisi (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #3. anaweri #2, saqme #55, furceli 29-30).

* * * Sinagan saqmeTa saxalxo komisariati 3 agvisto, 1922 w. goris aRmasrulebel komitetis Tavmjdomares

gigzavniT ra amasTanave tfilisis saxelmwifo universitetis reqtoris, profesor ivane javaxiSvilis gancxadebas gankargulebisavis, gTxovT miiRoT mxedvelobaSi xsenebuli javaxiSvilis erTis mxriv uangaro sazogadoebrivi moRvaweoba samecniero dargSi da meores mxriv misi qonebrivi Seviwroveba, romelic am Jamad garTulebulia misi avadobiTac da amouwuroT yoveli saSualeba, raTa am gancxadebaSi aRniSnuli saxli Tavis karmidamoTi daebrunos mas srul gankargulebaSi da Sedegi amisa macnoboT rac SeiZleba daCqarebiT. werils xels awers Sinagan saqmeTa saxalxo komisari, saqmeTa mmarTveli da komunaluri ganyofilebis gamge. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #3. anaweri #2. saqme #55. furceli 2).

* * * ...siave kacis, siyvarulze metad fasobda, boroteba, damsaxurebad iTvleboda, simarTlec uZlieress ekuTvnoda. simarTlis dauZinebeli mteric xom privilegiaa, es privilegia, mavanTaTvis miniWebuli ganusazRvreli Zalauflebaa. gulcivi kanonmdebloba, adamianze maRla idga da iciT, ratom? _ `kanonebs~ gulcivi, ZiriTadad umecari, gaunaTlebeli adamianebi werdnen... marTlmsajulebic, swrafad sruldeboda. ulmobelma, amoralurma droebam, araerTi adamiani Segnebulad aqcia araadamianad, romelTac arara SemorCenodaT, garegnobis, garda. sasowarkveTis, namdvili gangaSis Jami idga! ufrodaufro SemaSfoTebel xasiaTs iRebda moraluri, Tu materialuri ngrevis sawieric. ...iyo teroris, adamianTagan mtris xatis Seqmnis Seuqcevadi procesi. uaxlesma warsulma, sisastikis da siZulvilis araerTi mZimed wasakiTxi furceli gadagvafurclina. Znelia moismino da waikiTxo msgavsi saSinelebani, Tumc faqtia, rom msgavsi ram, momxdara. araadamianur qmedebaTa CamdenT, rogorc Cans, amoSanTuli hqondaT sibralulis grZnoba, mTlad gamqral-waSlili kacTmoyvareoba, didsulovneba, Rirsebis gancda. am vakxanaliaTa avtor-reJisorni, jojoxeTuri ulmoblobisa da sisastikis marwuxebSi iyvnen momwyvdeulni. saxelmwifosa da moqalaqes Soris ufleba-movaleobaTa disbalansi, logikurad badebs socialur usamarTlobas, rasac Tan sdevs qveyanaSi gansakuTrebuli reJimis damkvidreba, an anarqia. orive SemTxvevaSi darRveulia sazogadoebrivi xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli piroba, rac ganapirobebs danaSaulebriv qmedebebs... mkvidrdeba Zalmomreobis kulti da maRalzneobriv principebze aRzrdilTaTvis, adgili aRar rCeba sazogadoebaSi.

* * * saq. muSglexinis saC. biuros gamges,

inspeqtor T-sagan daskvna q. goris moq. ilia antonis Ze TavzaraSvilis saxlis CamorTmevis Sesaxeb

xsenebulma moq. TavzaraSvilma a.w. 9/11 saq. cakSi Seitana gancxadeba, sadac iTxovda, rom misTvis daebrunebinaT adgilobriv xelisuflebis mier CamorTmeuli am Jamad misdami kuTvnili or sarTuliani saxli da amiT miscemoda saarsebo wyaro, vinaidan is ganicdida ukidures gaWirvebas, rogorc wvrili colSvilis patroni Semdgari 5 sulisagan da imyofebian mis mzrunvelobis qveS. 5/V a.w. saq. cakma moq. TavzaraSvilis gancxadeba TandarTuli mimoweriT gadmogvigzavna saq. muSglexinis adgilobriv gamosarkvevad da Sedegebis moxsenebisaTvis. viqen ra mivlinebuli, gamoirkva Semdegi: ganmcxadebelma TavzaraSvilma 1906 w. cimbiridan dabrunebulma, rogorc politikurad gadasaxlebulma, q. gorSi SeiZina or sarTuliani saxli erTmaneTze midgmuli, magram calke mijnebiT Tavisi darabebiT da mis sakuTar mflobelobaSi iyo 1911 wlamde. xolo 1917 w. moq. TavzaraSvilis erT saxlSi moTavsda menSevikebis gvardiis Stabi, dRidan gasabWoebisa ki, amave SenobaSi moTavsebul iqna profesionaluri organizaciebi da mas daeTmo iqve ori oTaxi, sadac am Jamad cxovrobs.

1923 wels, oqtomberSi, proforganizaciebma dauTmes Senoba samazro saxalxo sasamarTlos da moq. TavzaraSvili darCa imave or oTaxSi sasamarTlos gverdiT da masve daurCa meore saxli, romelic am Jamad dangreulia da Sig cxovreba SeuZlebelia, erTi darabiT da erTi sardafiT, sadac am Jamad moTavsebulia limonadis qarxana. a.w. ianvarSi q. goris aRmaskomma ganiZraxa CamorTmeva ori oTaxisa, 1 darabisa da 1 sardafisa. yovelive es iqna Sefardebuli direqtivebis Tanaxmad, xolo TavzaraSvilis interesi moiTxovda SeRavaTebs da romlis sababi gaxda mis mier cakSi saCivris Setanis. adgilobrivi komisiis daTvalierebis da xelisuflebaTa SeTanxmebis, yovelive zemoT xsenebulis Semdeg, saWirod mimaCnia Semdegi: 1. vinaidan dRidan gasabWoebisa moq. TavzaraSvils kavSiri ar qonia Tavis yofil saxlTan, CamorTmeva adgilobriv xelisuflebis mier CaiTvalos kanonierad, darCes sasamarTlos gankargulebaSi. 2. sardafi rac gaitans sasamarTlo Senobas, CaiTvalos CamorTmeulad da dadasturdes es q. goris aRmaskomis ` ~ - dadgenileba. 3. CaiTvalos CamorTmeulad 1 daraba da darCes gemo-kvebis kavSiris gankargulebaSi. dadasturebul iqnas q. goris aRmaskomis ` ~ _ dadgenileba. 4. gadaeces moq. TavzaraSvils Zira da zeda sarTuli (dangreuli), garda rac gaitans am Jamad moTavsebuli sax. sasamarTlo. masve, TavzaraSvils mieces winadadeba erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi SeakeTos zeda sarTulis yvela oTaxebi. 5. darCes mis, TavzaraSvilis gankargulebaSi mosavlelad arsebul ezoSi baR-bostani 150 kv. saJ. raodenobiT. 6. aekrZalos moq. TavzaraSvils ezoSi Wis wylis

martod xmareba-sargebloba. mieces sruli ufleba limonadis qarxanas Wis wyliT sargeblobisa. asli saq. saC. biuros dadgenilebisa gadaegzavnos saq. caks moxsenebisaTvis da q. goris raiaRmaskoms Sesasruleblad. inspeqtori l. T. 3. VI. 31w. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi â&#x20AC;&#x201C; fondi #4 anaweri #1-saqme #55, furceli 2). `mrisxanebaman kacisaman, simarTle RvTisa vera qmnes~. pavle mociquli

es is istoriuli periodia, roca cxovreba, _ brZolas wesebis gareSe, _ damsgavseboda; Zlierni, ama qveynisani, ablabudas qsovdnen, xlarTavdnen sxvaTa gasabmelad, dasaCoqeblad... fexqveS, Telavdnen adamianTa uflebebs, moralur principebs, _ Zalmomreoba, ukeTuroba `marTavda~ sastik procesebs... bevrs daviwynoda, rom adamianis winaaRmdeg moqceva, RmerTis winaaRmdeg moqcevas rom niSnavs. zecidan wamosuli borotebis gadatana SesaZlebelia, magram adamianTa mier Cadenil ubedurebaTa Tavidan acileba-SeuZlebeli. amqveynad, kerZo sakuTreba amosavalia. saarqivo-dokumentur masalebze muSaobisas, Cvens mier araerTi dokumenti iqna aRmoCenili, rac rekviziciis usastikes periods ukavSirdeba: _ sofel doesidan, Tavad niko ciciSvilis ojaxis gamosaxleba qonebis kon-

fiskaciiT; tyviavSi, favleniSvilis saxlSi, klubis mowyoba; gorSi garsevaniSvilebis baRis `mamulebis trestze~ gadacema; _ tyviavSi, levan erisTaviseuli baRis, tyviavis xilis saxmobi qarxnisTvis gadacema... yofil amilaxvris Senobis SekeTebis da damTavrebis Sesaxeb goris saavadmyofosaTvis

_ vinaidan goris samazro aRmaskomi ukve Seudga da daiwyo saavadmyofosaTvis Senobis SekeTebas, amisaTvis ki aRmaskoms saWiro Tanxa, saxsari ara aqvs, miemarTos centrs, rom aRmoeCinos aRmaskoms nivTieri daxmareba dawyebul friad mniSvnelovani saqmis dasagvirgvineblad. agreTve eTxovos umaRless, raTa nacionalizacia qmnil iqmnes saavadmyofosTan arsebuli dekoratiuli nawili amilaxvris baRisa, agreTve saavadmyofosTan mdebare carieli adgili moq. (gvari zustad ar ikiTxeba. v.S.), rac aucilebelia, saWiroa saavadmyofosaTvis. yuradReba:L laparakobs istoria!

gancxadeba amx. badriaSvilisa, rom saavadmyofosTan arsebuli kulturuli baRi CamorTmeul iqnas saavadmyofos saWiroebisaTvis gaerovnebis saxiT:

_ amilaxvris kulturuli baRi gaerovnebul iqnas saavadmyofos saWiroebisaTvis janmrTelobis ganyofilebis gankargulebaSi gadacemiT. Sinagan saqmeTa saxalxo komisariatis miweriloba #181/816 moq. ana amilaxvris gancxadebiT misgan CamorTmeul, gorSi mdebare kulturuli baRis dabrunebis Sesaxeb:

_ miwis reformis revoluciuri wesiT Catarebis debulebis Tanaxmad, aRniSnuli baRic unda iqmnes CamorTmeuli misi patronisagan, rogorc mcxovrebeli qal. tfilisSi, SeZlebuli da ara miwis muSa mSromeli. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #4. anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 80101).

*** janmrTelobis ganyofilebis mimarTva, rom atenis punqtisaTvis daeTmos orbelianis saxli Tavis mowyobilobiT da avejiT. (daviT orbeliani _ v.S.)

_ winadadeba mieces atenis Temis aRmaskoms, rom man aRmouCinos janmrTelobis ganyofilebas saeqimo punqtisaTvis Senoba yoveli saWiro mowyobilobis micemiT. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #4 anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 101) *** sofel atenSi mdebare yofil erisTavis Senoba dangreul iqmnes da gadakeTdes sam oTaxad ekonomiis saWiroebisaTvis _ atenSi mdebare yofil erisTavis Senoba dangreul iqmnes da gadakeTdes sam oTaxad ekonomiis saWiroebisaTvis. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #4 anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 50)

amiraRovis saxlis nacionalizaciis Sesaxeb

_ misive mimarTva, rom amiraRovis saxli, romelSic ganTavsebulia Sromis skola, yofila CamorTmeuli menSevikebis dros, axla ki saxlis patroni acxadebs Tavis uflebebs aRniSnul saxlze.

_ aRniSnuli saxli moqalaqe amiraRovisa, CaiTvalos saxelmwifo kuTvnilebad, rogorc nacionalizacia qmnili jer kidev menSevikebis dros. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #3 anaweri #1, saqme #2, furceli 44). goris samazro aRmasrulebeli komitetis prezidiumis sxdomis masalebidan (1922-1923 w.w.)

amonaweri goris samazro aRmaskomis prezidiumis 1922 wlis #12 oqmidan: moq. razmaZis roialis Sesaxeb

roiali, romelic iyo CamorTmeuli gadatrialebis pirvel xanebSi moq. razmaZisagan da romelic daubrunda mas ama wlis aprilis TveSi, Tanaxmad misi gancxadebisa Sinagan saqmeTa saxelmwifo komisariatisadmi da zemoxsenebul komisariatis mowerilobisa, rogorc saWiro misTvis SvilebisaTvis saswavleblad, CamoerTvas mas, vinaidan Tanaxmad misive gancxadebisa ama wlis maisis TariRiT, roiali dadga man restoranSi dasakravad. mieces igi pasuxisgebaSi, radganac SecdomaSi Seiyvana Sinagan saqmeTa saxalxo komisariati da samazro aRmaskomi. samazro aRmaskomis Tavmjdomare g.m. mdivani g.b.

ganaTlebis ganyofilebis moxseneba _ moq. amiraRovs CamoerTvas baRi q. gorSi da gadaeces me-4 Sromis skolis gankargulebaSi

_ gadaeces komunalur ganyofilebas saerTo wesiT dasakmayofileblad. moq. irakli cercvaZis gancxadeba roialis dabrunebis Sesaxeb

_ uari eTqvas. Sinagan saqmeTa sammarTvelos ganyofilebis Suamdgomloba moq. glurjisgan pianinos CamorTmevis Sesaxeb

_ CamorTmeul iqnes saerTo wesiT da gadaeces meore Sromis skolas. ivane arCuaZis gancxadeba pianinos dabrunebis Sesaxeb

_ uari eTqvas. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #4 anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 103-132). janmrTelobis

ganyofilebis

a.w.

ivnisis

momarT-

va #2837 janmrTelobis afTiaqis sawyobis da maRaziis ter-petrosovis SenobaSi datovebis Sesaxeb:

_ vinaidan sxva Sesaferisi Senoba gorSi ar moipoveba janmrTelobis saafTiaqo sawyobis da maRaziisaTvis, amitom sawyobi da maRazia datovebuli iqmnes amave saxlSi, mxolod daevalos janmrTelobsi ganyofilebas, sistematiurad ixados saxlis patronis sasargeblod saxlis qira da agreTve gadaixados Zveli darCenili saxlis qira. samazro aRmaskomis Tavmjdomare g.m. mdivani g.b. moqalaqe e.g. zezemanis gancxadeba, rom mas mieces atenSi mdebare saxlis qira, romelic daWerilia skolisaTvis.

_ gancxadeba gadaeces komunalur ganyofilebas qiris raodenobis gamosarkvevad TxovnaSi aRniSnul drois ganmavlobaSi.

zezemanis saxl-karis da mamulis Sesaxeb:

_ CamorTmeul iqmnes moq. zezemanisgan yovelgvari uZravi qoneba, rogoric aris _ saxli, baRi da mamuli. winadadeba mieces, rom man dastovos atenis raioni erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi sruliad, vinaidan mTeli mSromeli glexkacoba amxmedrebulia mis winaaRmdeg, rogorc yofili eqsploatatori mSromeli xalxisa. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #3 anaweri #1, saqme #2, furceli 66-80). Sinagan saqmeTa saxalxo komisariatis moweriloba dekembris 30-dan (#42238), moqalaqe margarita afrikianis mier micemul saCivris Sesaxeb, aRmaskomis Sina mmarTvelobis ganyofilebis gamge amx. q-is ukanono moqmedebaze.

_ Sina mmarTvelobis ganyofilebis gamgis amx. q-is gankarguleba afrikianis binidan gamosaxlebis Sesaxeb iyo gamowveuli aRmasrulebeli komitetis prezidiumis wevrebTan SeTanxmebiT da araviTari TviTneboba ar yofila amx. q-is mier daSvebuli. amisaTvis aRmaskomis prezidiumi scnobs moq. margarita afrikianis saCivars ciliswamebad da adgilobrivi xelisuflebis prestiJis dacemisaTvis, dapatimrebul iqmnes administraciuli wesiT gamasworebel saxlSi ori TviT. eTxovos Sinagan saqmeTa saxelmwifo komisariats, raTa afrikiani micemul iqnas pasuxis gebaSi xelisuflebis ciliswamebisaTvis. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #3 anaweri #1, saqme #12, furceli 77) moxseneba amx. q-isa Senobebis dangrevis Sesaxeb

_ vinaidan sistematiuri xasiaTi miiRo am garemoebam, rom soflad Tavad-aznaurobas da samRvdeloebas, romelTac aqvT saxl-kari da mamuli, im mizniT, rom maT ar CamoerTvaT aseTebi, angreven da hyidian

aseTebs; amisaTvis aekrZalos yvelas, rom aRmaskomis neba-daurTvelad, aravis ar hqondes neba daangrion TavianTi Senoba. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #3, anaweri #1, saqme #2, furceli 80). `warsulSi unda veZioT ara ferfli, aramed cecxli~ viqtor hiugo

Zalaufleba, xSirad cvlis adamians, rac istoriam, araerTxel daadastura. ulmobelma, mkacrma droebam, sastikma reJimma, mravali adamiani aqcia ukanono brZanebaTa morCil Semsrulebel, uxeS `jariskacad~, romelTa nawils, rogorc Cans, sulac ar ercxvineboda adamianisTvis yovlad miuRebeli, ukadrisi saqcieli... da raRad Rirs cxovreba, Tu caSi RmerTi ar geguleba, dedamiwaze arvis uyvarxar da mxolod eSiniaT Seni. uRirsi, Rirseulis mteria, marad. sakuTrebis, miT ufro, sicocxlis warTmevis ufleba, aravis aqvs. Sua saukuneebSi, vidre jalaTi Tavs mohkveTda Tavis samsxverplos, muxlmodrekili patiebas evedreboda, uxsnida rom igi, samsaxurebriv movaleobas aRasrulebda(?!) samwuxarod adamianebs, xSirad gvaviwydeba, rom mTavari amqveynad, RvTismsaxurebaa da ara calkeul CinovnikTa ukadrisi brZaneba, maTi monuri msaxureba. RvTis xma _ `ara kac hkla~, _ marad unda ismodes CvenSi. samwuxarod, drodadro dgeba Jami, roca adamianTa Soris zoologiuri vnebebi mZlavrobs, dominirebs da `movaleobebs~ vasrulebT mxolod. adamianebisadmi siyvaruli, pativiscema _ uzenaesia, Tumc uCrdiloT, ra gamolevs am mzisqveSeTSi. kacobriobis istoriis katalogebSi, kacTa modgmisTvis samarcxvinod, uxvad moiZieba msgavsi faqtebis CamonaTvali, msaxvrali xeli rom daamCnies adamianTa sulebs, samyaros...

eqim ftiziatris, Tamar oqropiriZis Svilis, qalbaton nino (nunu) oqropiriZis naambobidan:

_ ise, rogorc saqarTvelos sxva qalaqebSi, pirdapiri mniSvnelobiT, `Sinsaxkomidan~, gorSic modioda gegma, ramdeni eqimi, inJineri, Tu maswavlebeli unda daepatimrebinaT. erT-erTi amdagvari direqtivis Tanaxmad, 5 goreli eqimis ayvana iyo nabrZanebi, Tumc grafaSi konkretul pirovnebaTa gvari, ar gaxldaT miTiTebuli; es, adgilobrivi partiuli elitis, kerZod, raikomis mdivnis eqskluzivi iyo. maSindelma raikomis mdivanma, romlis gvarsac Segnebulad ar vasaxeleb, imave dRes Seadgina dasapatimrebel eqimTa xuTkaciani sia, sadac cnobili goreli eqimebi kote elioziSvili, gabriel gverdwiTeli, mixeil maWaraSvili, avetisova (saxeli ar maxsovs) da deda _ Tamar oqropiriZe saxeldebodnen. aqve getyviT, rom amavdroulad, dasaWer raikomis mdivanTa siebic dgeboda, dasapatimrebel raikomis 5 kacian `Sav siaSi~, bedis ironiiT, goris raikomis mdivanic moxvda. imave RamiT aiyvanes; _ dasaWer eqimTa sia ki, mis samuSao magidaze darCa. SesaZloa, bevrma arc icis, rom mogvianebiT gabriel gverdwiTelis vaJic daxvrites. represiaTa susxi, amoraluri kolafsis marwuxi cnobil gorel farmacevts _ trifon gamsaxurdiasac Seexo; _ 1937 wlis 23 agvistos daapatimres da momdevno wlis 26 ianvars mkacri ganaCeni _ aTwliani patimroba gamoutanes, romlis aRsruleba ar dauxanebiaT da 1938

wlis martis TveSi, Sua aziaSi gadaasaxles. udidesi profesionali eqimis _ kote elioziSvilis meuRle, mejvrisxeveli mixeil erisTavis da, mania erisTavi gaxldaT. _ miambobs cnobili lotbaris, batoni vaxtang wereTlis vaJi, Tavadac lotbari, batoni Tengiz wereTeli da ganagrZobs. minda giTxraT, rom miSa erisTavma 1922 wels, ojaxiTurT datova saqarTvelo da safrangeTs gaemgzavra. misi es nabiji, karaleTSi momxdarma erTma sazarelma mkvlelobamac daaCqara, roca vaJiTurT, saxlidan gamoyvanili kote erisTavi, soflis bogirTan daxvrites. _ Cemi 19 wlis vaJi mainc daindeTo. _ emudareboda, Turme jalaTebs. sabWos Tavmjdomares, yurad ar uRia mamis vedreba da ganaCeni, mswrafl sisruleSi mouyvaniaT. safrangeTSi cxovrobda sicocxlis bolomde, Tumc ar yofila dRe, saqarTveloze rom ar efiqra, ar eocneba... da roca sagastrolod ansambli `gordela~ parizs estumra, cnobili lotbaris, mejvrisxevel _ mixeil (miSa) mcuraviSvilisTvis ukiTxavs _ `mejvrisxevis skola, isev Cems saxlSi funqcionirebso?~ goris

samazro aRmaskomis prezidiumis sxdomis ma-

salebidan:

daxvretil moq. TarxniSvilis qonebis Sesaxeb:

_ saswavlo nivTebi am qonebidan, gadaeces skolas, ise danarCeni aveji da samkauli gadaeces TarxniSvilis Svilobils. daxvretilebis qonebis Sesaxeb:

_ cocxali inventari gadaeces adgilobriv meurneobas, uZravi qoneba daetovos adgilobriv raionis aRmaskoms. eklesiebi da eklesiebis qonebis Sesaxeb:

_ gadaeces yvelgan glexkacebs, garda istoriuli mniSvnelobis samkaulebisa.

profesor sergi makalaTias saxelobis goris istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis biblioTekaris, qalbaton marine uTneliSvilis naambobidan:

_ sofel qsuisSi sami Zma _ rezo, vano da giorgi uTneliSvili saxlobda. gasuli saukunis 20-ian wlebSi kulakobis sababiT samTave erTdroulad daupatimrebiaT. am faqtis Semswre, erT mojamagires gaubedia da iasaulTaTvis miugia: `Tqve mamacxonebulebo, erTad sam Zmas, qorwilSi ar patiJoben, Tqven ki samTaves, ase uRmerTod iWerTo?!~ gaTavxedebuli, umecari iasaulebi, tyvedqmnilT Semoubrundnen da Zmebi cinizmiT aRsavse, mzakvruli arCevanis winaSe daayenes, _ uTxres, erT ZmaTaganze xels viRebT, adgilze vtovebT, oRond Tavad gadawyviteT, romel Tqvengans gauRimebs bedi. sabediswero dilemis winaSe mdgar Zmebs, didxans ar ufiqriaT da nabolara Zmis _ giorgis (Cemi mamamTilis, Teimuraz uTneliSvilis mamis) sasargeblo arCevani daudgeniaT. odnav mogvianebiT, cixeSi gamoketilT, tyveobisTvis, gaqceviT dauRweviaT Tavi, erTi maTgani rogorRac gadaurCa mRvrie droebas, Tumc meore mSobliuri saxlis sardafSi, ambarSi damaluli, adgilzeve dauxvretiaT. maCablis saxlis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb (sofel ergneTSi)

_ daingres Zveli Senoba da mis safasurSi gakeTdes sofel ergneTSi skola. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #3, anaweri #2, saqme #27, gv. 191-255).

ganvmeordebi da vityvi, rom mkiTxvelTaTvis advilad gasagebi motivaciiT, ukanono qmedebaTa avtorTa gvarebs, ar vasaxeleb, Tumc nurvin ifiqrebs, maT mimarT interesi dakarga istoriam da Tvali daxuWa.

am adamianTa vinaobis gamxela, gamomziureba, miT _ ufro gankiTxva, ar gaxlavT wignis mizani, ubralod, rogorc rigiTi qarTveli moqalaqe, vwuxvar im siZulvilis gamo, rac maSin zeobda. erTi ram, cxadia, _ RvTaebriv sakurTxvels, mxolod siyvaruliT Tu mivaRwevT, rameTu siyvaruli, wmindaTawminda RvTiuri xidi, kavSiria RmerTsa da Cvens Soris. istoriis daviwyebas, Tavad istoria ar gvapatiebs!

`kacobriobis mdgomareoba ukeTesobisken, ara socialuri gadatrialebiT, ara revoluciebiT, aramed adamianTa fizikuri da moraluri Tvisebebis gaumjobesebis gziT unda icvlebodes~ bernard Sou

istorias Tvals, vervin dauxuWavs. is laparakobs maSinac, roca ar ekiTxebian, Tumc rigianad, mxolod Cveni meoxebiT SeiZleba ametyveldes sakmaod sityvaZunwi, gardasul droebaTa Zaladobriv qmedebaTa utyvi qronika... goris samazro aRmaskomis prezidiumis sxdomis oqmebidan:

_ CamoerTvas srulebiT yvela memamules, rac ki aqvs datovebuli normaSi _ artem gigaurs, rogorc msxvil vaWars da spekuliants. _ nikoloz yaramanis Ze zaaliSvili, rogorc gadasaxlebuli 1923 wels qvemo Walis raionidan, darCes gadasaxlebulad, saxli da mamuli CamoerTvas Tanaxmad soflis survilisa da saboloo saqmis gamorkveva daevalos samazro aRmaskomis Tavmjdomares amx. q-s. _ mamuli CamoerTvas da gadaeces uRaribes glexs

adgilobrivi aRmaskomis SexedulebiT. mieces sabWoebs winadadeba, rom ar Caerion saadgilmamulo saqmeSi. sofel ZeveraSi mcxeTis moloznebisagan eqvsi desetina mamulis CamorTmevis Sesaxeb da ocda-cxra komlis uRaribes glexebze gadacemis Sesaxeb:

_ vinaidan mcxeTis moloznebi Tavisi SromiT ar amuSaveben maTTvis datovil mamulebs da aZleven uRaribes glexebs saRalod, amitom 1923 wlis agvistos 16-dan dadgenileba saadgil-mamulo ganyofilebisa, gauqmebulad CaiTvalos da moloznebs CamoerTvaT mTeli mamuli, romelic gadaecaT 29 komls uRaribes glexebs, romlebsac am Jamad uWiravT da amuSaveben aRniSnul mamuls. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #3, anaweri #1, saqme #24, gv. 62). * * *

amilaxvrebi, axlac bevrs axsovs sofel fxvenisSi. amilaxvar-bagrationTa samosaxloebi, dRemde Semounaxavs msaxvral droebas. bagrationebi, kerZod valodia bagrationi fcidan mosula, amilaxvris qali _ ekaterine SeurTavs da aqve dasaxlebula, Tumc sofeli maleve daatovebines. maTi namosaxlari karga xani emsaxureboda sofels, skolac maT yofil teritoriaze, Zveli skolis siaxloves aSenda. amilaxvrebis saxli daingra, namosaxlaris naSTebs, dResac naxavT skolis ezoSi.

elempida

uxurgunaSvilis gancxadeba, rom maT daeto-

vod q. gorSi mdebare baRi, romelic damuSavebuli aqvT sakuTari SromiT da sxva raime wyaro cxovrebisa aRarsad moepovebaT, vinaidan yvelaferi, rac ki maT gaaCndaT, CamorTmeulia.

_ uari eTqvas da mieces winadadeba sagadasaxado ganyofilebis gamge jomardiZes, raTa uxurgunaSvili gaataros registraciaSi, rogorc vaWari da gadaxdes yovel-gvari gadasaxadebi. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #4, anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 108). goris samazro aRmaskomis prezidiumis 1923 wlis oqmebidan: yofili uxurgunaSvilis saxlis SekeTebis Sesaxeb:

_ daevalos adgilobriv meurneobis ganyofilebas Seadginos gegma da xarjTaRricxva saxlis SesakeTeblad, sadac unda moewyos glexTa dasasvenebeli saxli, sxdomebisaTvis saTaTbiro darbazi da biblioTeka. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #3, anaweri #2, saqme #27, gv. 49).

masobrivi danaSauli, saxelmwifos marTvis sistemad damkvidrda da cxovrebis erTgvar mocemulobad iqca. represiebis talRa, TiTqmis yvela socialur jgufs daatyda Tavs, pirvelyovlisa, didgvarovan warCinebul Tavad-aznaurobas, SeZlebul glexobas (kulakobas), mewarmeT, eklesias, inteligencias... cnobili faqtia, rom gankulakebis operacia kulakobis, rogorc klasis ganadgurebas isaxavda samTavro miznad.

istoriis gacrecili furclebis kvaldakval... sia goris mazris sxvadasxva Temebidan gadasaxlebul yofil memamuleTa da TavadaznaurTa da maTgan CamorTmeuli qonebebis:

1. ratiSvili gabriel _ Tavadi. gadasaxlda _ rogorc Tavadi da mSromeli xalxis mteri. 2. levan erisTavi _ Tavadi. rogorc Tavadi da dauZinebeli mteri mSromeli xalxis da ara muSa. 3. lado erisTavi _ rogorc Tavadi da ara mSromeli. 4. furcelaZe giga _ rogorc aznauri da arasaimedo pirovneba. xalxis mteri da ara muSa. 5. sulxanaSvili yaraman _ rogorc Tavadi da xalxis mousvenari mteri, ara muSa. 6. maCabeli efemia _ rogorc Tavadi, msxvili memamule da xalxis mteri, TviT _ ara muSa. 7. ciciSvili varlam yaflanis Ze _ rogorc mavnebeli elementi xalxisaTvis. 8. luka falavandiSvili levanis Ze _ sazogadoebisTvis mokle pirebi sazizRari warsuliT. 9. falavandiSvili adiko ilias Ze `----------~. 10. falavandiSvili saSa apalos Ze `-----------~. 11. falavandiSvili vano anduyafaris Ze `-------------~. 12. amirejibi rostom vasilis Ze `-------------~. 13. amirejibi vladimer giorgis Ze `-------------~.

14. amirejibi sofio giorgis asuli `--------------~. 15. didebuliZe oqro elizbaris Ze `--------------~. 16. amirejibi aleqsandre aleqsandres Ze `------------~. 17. daviTaSvili solomon ediSeris Ze SvilebiT `-~. 18. ColoyaSvili solomon â&#x20AC;&#x201C; vinaidan ar aris mudmivi adgilobrivi mcxovrebi da ar muSaobs, TviTon eweva eqsploatacias mamuliT. 19. wereTeli griSa `-----------------~. 20. javaxiSvili iasoni `-----------------~. 21. zaaliSvili vasil `------------------~. 22. orbeliani mariam `--------------------~. goris mazris aRmaskomis Tavmjdomare v.q. Sina mmarTvelobis ganyofilebis gamge s.c. sainstruqtoro â&#x20AC;&#x201C; sainformacio qveganyofilebis gamge i.y. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #3 anaweri #2, saqme #27, furceli 254-261)

...vrcelze vrcelia `xalxis mterTa~ CamonaTvali. gTavazobT TavadaznaurTa sias, romlebic gandevnil iqnen mejvrisxevis Temidan. 1923 w. 23 marti

1. erisTavi ekaterine (mejvrisxevi ) _ ganidevna, rogorc Zveli memamule, Tavadi, romelic imonavebda mTel mSromel xalxs da Cagravda glexobas. misi Svilebi gaqceulebi arian sazRvar gareT. 2. sreseli daTiko avTandilis Ze (s. jariaSeni), _ rogorc ara mSromeli aznauri da Zveli polkovniki. 3. TulaSvili kote levanis Ze (mejvrisxevi), _ rogorc aznauri, aramSromeli da ara saimedo piri sabWoTa xelisuflebisTvis. 4. sreseli sandro (jariaSeni), _ rogorc aznauri da glexobis sisxlis mwoveli Tavis moqmedebiT.

5. maWavariani SaSa (jariaSeni), _ rogorc aznauri da dauZinebeli mteri da memamule. 6. xmalaZe kola mixeilis Ze (aZvi), _ rogorc aznauri, memamule, ara mSromeli, mteri glexobisa, provokatori mTeli Tavisi warsuliT da momavliT. 7. CaxniaSvili suliko (aZvi), _ rogorc mouravi aznaurebisa da laqia, ara mSromeli. 8. sreseli besarion avTandilis Ze (mejvrisxevi), _ rogorc aznauri, Spioni da mteri glexobisa da memamule. 9. eliozaSvili mania kotes asuli (mejvrisxevi), _ rogorc TavadiSvilis qali, memamule da mSromeli xalxis momwamlavi. 10, kobaxiZe zaqaria dimitris Ze (axalubani) _ ganidevnda, _ rogorc memarjvene federalisti provokatori da glexobasTan faruli agitaciis gamtarebeli, romelic komunisturi partiis wevrebs uwodebda yaCaRebs. 11. kobaxiZe lado qaixosros Ze (axalubani), _ rogorc mavne elementi, Spioni. 1919 w. igi uTiTebda gvardielebs gamosvlebSi monawileebze dasapatimreblad, romlis mxridan iyo dapatimrebuli ramdenime amxanagi. 12. yanCaveli robizon revazis Ze (axrisi), _ mCagvreli mSromeli glexobisa. ar aZlevda saSualebas glexobas, rom saqonels gaevlo mindorze Tavisuflad da igi itacebda naxirs mTeli soflisas. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #3, anaweri #2, saqme #2, furceli 5-10).

miwaze, kerZo sakuTrebis arseboba xelisufalTaTvis, Sinaarsobrivad warmoadgenda fundamentur problemas, rameTu igi koliziaSi modioda mTavar, maTTvis amosaval principTan, rac miznad isaxavda kerZo sakuTrebis saxelmwifo sakuTrebad gamocxadebas. dilemis gadasaWrelad, koleqtivizacia gamocxadda, rac glexs aiZulebda xeli aeRo kuTvnil miwaze... asec moxda; _ wvrili glexuri meurneobebi koleqtiur meurneobebSi (kolmeurneobebSi) gaaerTianes da masSi gawevrianebuli glexis miwac, mTliani koleqtivis sakuTrebad gadaiqca. SeZlebuli glexoba, ar malavda ukmayofilebas misi sakuTrebis koleqtiurad gadaqcevis gamo, Tumc Rarib glexobaze dayrdnobiT, romelTac am TvalsazrisiT dasakargi, marTlac rom ara hqondaT ra, 1932 wlisaTvis represiuli manqanis amoqmedebiT, xelisuflebam, `mSvenivrad~ moaxerxa kulakTa winaaRmdegobis daZleva da soflad, kolmeurneobebi daafuZna. Camoyalibda Zaladobaze bazirebuli sistema, romelic usastikesi sanqciebiT, fexqveS Telavda agralur kerZo mewarmeTa (kulakTa) uflebebs da iZulebuls xdida monurad damorCilebodnen reJimis mier nabrZaneb, uamo verdiqts. kulakTa winaaRmdeg sadamsjelo RonisZieba, goris mazrasac Seexo mTeli simwvaviT.

`Tu moispo kerZo sakuTreba, samyaro daiRupeba~. aristotele

saqarTveloSi bolSevikuri reJimis damyarebas, zubalaSvilTa gvaris araerTi warmomadgeneli emsxverpla. is, vinc ver Seelia qarTul miwas, mSobliur samkvidros da darCa, axal xelisufalTa samizned iqca. saqarTvelos centraluri aRmasrulebeli komitetis Tavmjdomares aleqsandre antonis Ze zubalaSvilis, mcxovrebi q. gorSi, cxakaias q. #20 gancxadeba

mimdinare wlis 21 ianvars CemTan q. gorSi, movida milicioneri da gamomicxada me, rom mTeli Cemi qoneba, rogorc kulakis, konfiskaciis saxiT aris CamorTmeuli da rom me unda viqne Cemis ojaxobiT gamosaxlebuli saxlidan, rac umalve iqna sisruleSi moyvanili. Cems gamosaxlebas saxlidan Cemis ojaxobiT, agreTve konfiskacias Cemis qonebisas: 3-oTaxiani saxlisas, wisqvilisas da yovelgvar avejeulobas, me vcnob ukanonod da usamarTlod Semdegi mosazrebiT: individualuri ganakveTiT me viyavi dabegrili 1929 wels samfinganis komisiis dadgenilebis ZaliT, romelmac SecdomiT dambegra sasoflo-sameurneo gadasaxadiT viTom rom me mqonia 1/2Â˝ desetina naTesi. Cems sicocxleSi me araviTari xvna-Tesva ara mqonia da am naTesis Semosavals _276 maneTs daumata Semosavali Cemi Zmis saxlis qira 200 maneTi (Cemi Zmac agreTve iyo gankulakebuli miuxedavad imisa, rom igi ganuwyvetliv msaxurobs 42 weliwadi, aris profkavSiris wevri da araviTari sxva qoneba ar moepoveba 3-oTaxiani saxlis meti) da am xelovnuri SezavebiT da wyalobiT ramdenime wevrisa, komisiam gamoiyvana Cemi Semosavali normazed meti da dambegra individualuri ganakveTiT.

me rogorc moqalaqe da mrewvelobis xasiaTis momuSave, mudmivad vixdi saSemosavlo gadasaxads (ix. saSemosavlo qviTrebi 1927, 1928, 1929 wlebisa). amave 1929 wels dambegres ukanono sasoflo-sameurneo gadasaxadebiTac _146 maneTi da 25 kap. sasoflo-sameurneo gadasaxadis kanonis ZaliT SeuZlebelia erTi da igive piri iyves dabegrili orive gadasaxadiT. me ki SarSan 1929 welSi gadamaxdevines rigi saSemosavlo gadasaxadi, agreTve sasoflo-sameurneo gadasaxadic. ukanonod Cemi dabegvra iyo gasaCivrebuli 8 oqtombers 1929 wels, magram Cemi gancxadeba ar iyo ganxiluli da me gamakulakes, gamaZeves saxlidan da CamomarTves qoneba. miwis Zvris ganadgurebis Semdeg, sabWoTa xelisuflebaSi, piradad Cemi didi muSaobiT, SromiT da valiT Sevqmeni saxalxo-sasargeblo racionaluri warmoeba qarTul-xorblis 6_Tvliani wisqvili (erTi Tvali WurWlis emalis dasafqvevi, 3-Tvali simindis da ori Tvali _ puris), sadac me, rogorc muSa _ speci, piradad vmuSaobdi daqiravebuli xeliT saamxanagoT moq. armen baliaSvilTan. erTdaerTi Cemi da Cemi ojaxis wyaro cxovrebisa da samuSao saxelosno, es wisqvili iqna CamorTmeuli da ijariT gadacemuli Cem amx. baliaSvilze TveSi 125 fuTaT, romelic fulad gadasaxadebisgan aris ganTavisuflebuli. am Cemi ukanono gankargulebaze da CamorTmevaze 31 ivliss Sevitane saCivari goris raionis m/g inspeqciaSi, romelmac Cemi sakiTxi ganixila 4 oqtombers da daadastura Cemi gankulakeba. am dadgenilebidan sCans: 1. rom me mqonda ijariT mocemuli sami dRiuri baRi da ara naTesi, ris gamoc me dambegres sas. sam gadasaxa-

diT da gamakulakes da miTom amiT mqonia kavSiri soflis meurneobasTan. Cems dReSi araviTari moijaradreba me ar gamiwevia da moijaradreT gamxades Zala uneburad. es xilis baRi 1924 wlamden warmoadgenda Cems sakuTrebas da mxolod am welSi CamomarTves da gadasces sxvas ijariT, magram mouvlelobis da gafuWebis mizezis gamo 1926 w. uCemTxovnoT, TanaxmaT goris mazris prezidiumis dadgenilebisa, is moqalaqe gaaZeves da rogorc Cemi yofili baRi, gadmomces me ijaris saxiT. naxevari am baRisa, rogorc Waobiani da uvargisi, davaSre, kulturulad davamuSave da davrge 200 meti xexilis namyeni. me unda vyofiliyavi dajildoebuli da sruliad ganTvisuflebuli gadasaxadisagan, rogorc kulturuli grZel wliani mcenareebis gamvrcelebeli. maSasadame azri, goris muSaTa da glexTa inspeqciisa, rom me mqonda ijariT mocemuli xexilis baRi da amiT kavSiri soflis meurneobasTan, aris usafuZvlo. TiTon saSenawero furclidan aSkarad sCans, rom me viyavi sasoflo-sameurneo gadasaxadiT dabegrili ara xexilis gamo, aramed xvna-Tesvis mizeziT, romelic arasodes me ar mqonia; gorSi yvela yofili patroni baRisa, iTvleboda moijaradreT. me, araviTar meurneobas ar veweodi, ara myolia xari-kameCi, arc guTani da uremi, arc mwveleli saqoneli da arc erTi adli miwa, xvna da Tesva; gana marto ijariT mocema Cemi yofili baRisa moaswavebs damaxasiaTebels soflis meurneobas? ijariT mocema baRisa xom ara niSnams normas, romlebsac aZlevdnen sofelSi glexobas soflis meurneobisaTvis? xom SeeZlo goris sabWos am baRis Cemganac CamorTmeva da gadacema sxvisTvis? amiT, sCans Tu ara, rom principialu-

rad ukanonoa Cemi gankulakeba baRis ijariT mocemis mizeziT? 2. imave dadgenilebidan sCans, rom me mqonda 6-Tvliani wisqvili da ar uweven angariSs mudmiv muSaobda, Tu ara es 6 Tvali. es wisqvili imyofeba patara mdinare `fSanzed~ da am wyliT abruneba 6 Tvlisa, SeuZlebeli aris. rogorc gamarTuli, racionalurad muSaobda dReSi ori-sami Tvali da kvaladobiT, Tu ra safqvavi movidoda. puris qvebze ar ifqvoda simindi da simindis qvebze puri. gana or ojaxzed 10 sulze ori-sami Tvlis muSaoba qarTul borblis wisqvilisas, moaswavebs kulakobas, roca TveSi vixdiT 116 fuTs sasiminde gadasaxads? gana SesaZlebelia, rom kulakobis kanoni gamocemuli sasofloT, iyves gavrcelebuli agreTve q. goris mcxovreblebze da qalaqze, romelic iTvleba savaWro-samrewvelo raionad? amas garda goris raioni da arc qalaqi gori, ar aris gamocxadebuli mTlian koleqtivizaciis raionad da am mxriTac Cemi gankulakeba aris ukanono da usafuZvlo. Tu saWiroeba moiTxovs alagobriv mTavrobisTvis, es wisqvili SeuZlian CamomarTvas kanonieri midgomiT da ara Cemis gankulakebiT. mogaxsenebT, rom yvela amas, vinaidan me, Cemis ojaxobiT, am ukanonobis gamo davrCiT umuSevraT da CavardiT did gaWirvebaSi, gTxovT Tqven gankargulebas, raTa viyo me gamoricxuli kulakobis siidan da Tu raime mizezis gamo es SeuZlebelia, maSin momeces me, ori wisqvilis Tvali erTi purisa da erTi simindisa, raTa me SemeZlos muSaoba Cems xelobazed da Senaxva Cemis ojaxisa. ganmcxadebeli: z. zubalaSvili 1 noemberi 1930 w. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #4 anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 29-30).

ciliswameba aprobirebuli, basri iaraRia saRi, progresuli azris winaaRmdeg brZolaSi. didi ilia, jer lanZRva-ginebam mokla, mere tyviam. ... da roca aleqsandre zubalaSvils Sxamian isrebs esrodnen, devnidnen, aviwroebdnen, qarTveli mewarme, rogorc pirdapiri, ise iribi gagebiT, rutinuli Waobis amoSrobiT iyo, dakavebuli. misi samewarmeo azrTsabrunavi, wisqvilis dolabiviT, daucxromeli, mCqefare liaxviviT, ar Cerdeboda. Suriani kacis Ronec xom ciliswamebaa?! nu dagvaviwydeba, rom am dros wesrigi, umkacresi sanqciebiT da muqariT myardeboda. amonaweri sruliad saqarTvelos centraluri aRmasrulebeli komitetis prezidiumis 1931 wlis 19 aprilis sxdomis oqmidan #6

moismines: daviT da aleqsandre zubalaSvilebisaTvis saxlisa da wisqvilis rekviziciis wesiT CamorTmevis Sesaxeb. daadgines: vinaidan aleqsandre zubalaSvilis wisqvili goris saraiono aRmaskoms ukve gauyidia sajaro vaWrobiT Seweril gadasaxadebis davalianebis asanazRaureblad, sruliad saqarTvelos centraluri aRmasrulebeli komitetis prezidiumis 1931 w. aprilis 3-s dadgenileba Seicvalos Semdegnairad: saxkomsabWos 1931 w. ianvris 10-s dadgenilebis Tanaxmad daviT da aleqsandre antonis Ze zubalaSvilebs CamoerTvas samxedro uwyebis saWiroebisaTvis saxli qal. gorSi rekviziciis wesiT, samoq. samarTlis kod. 69 muxlis Tanaxmad. s.s. cakis Tavmjdomare f. maxaraZe s.s. cakis mdivani s. Todria (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #4 anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 1).

amx. SoTis (?! v.S.) gancxadeba miliardel ZmaTa zubalaSvilebis wisqvilis gaerovnebis Sesaxeb

_ vinaidan Zmani zubalaSvilebi scxovroben sazRvargareT da maTi wisqvili ki uWiravs moijaradres, amisTvis aRniSnuli wisqvili CamorTmeul iqmnes da gadaeces sabavSvo baRs mis gankargulebaSi. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #4 anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 80). * * *

rodesac amdagvar faqtebze vsaubrobT, ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom sxva epoqa idga maSin, mSfoTvare epoqa, roca Zalmomreoba, SiSi da sibnele marTavda qveyanas, adamianebs, Tumc epoqebsac xom Tavad vqmniT adamianni?! es is istoriuli periodia, roca uxeSi Zala, siZulvili, piradi guneba-ganwyobileba, simarTlis kodeqsad iyo aRiarebuli. sisastikis mware xvedrs, mavanTa mier gamotanil saSinel verdiqts iziarebda TiTqmis yvela socialuri jgufi, maT Soris RvTivgamorCeulni, uflis msaxurni, romelTa bediswerac, aisbergis mwvervals warmoadgens mxolod!

`SavsielTa~ Savi dosie~. amonaweri gankulakebul da SavsielTa mimarT _ oqmidan:

sofel karaleTis sasoflo sabWo

_ gogiaSvili georqa aleqsis Ze _ CamoerTva xmis ufleba 1925 wels vaWrobisaTvis. uvaWria 1924 wlamde. mas Semdeg eweva soflis meurneobas. aris saSualo glexi. _ firiaSvili giorgi gabrielis Ze _ CamoerTva xmis ufleba 1925-29 wlebSi vaWrobisaTvis. amJamad aris Raribi glexi. _ bibilaSvili giga andrias Ze _ xmis ufleba CamoerTva xiliT vaWrobisaTvis. vaWrobda 1927 wlamde. mas

Semdeg eweva soflis meurneobas. aris Raribi glexi. _ kacitaZe dimitri andrias Ze. xmis ufleba CamoerTva 1925 wels diakvnobisTvis. diakvnobda 1929 wlamde. wasulia soflidan. sofeli rexa

_ mezvriSvili tariel aleqsis Ze _ xma CamorTmeuli aqvs kulakuri meurneobisaTvis 1928-29 wlebSi. amJamad gankulakebulia. dadginda _ darCes Sav siaSi ojaxis wevrebiT. _ qareliSvili wyaloba grigolis Ze. xma CamoerTva mevaxSeobisaTvis 1928 wels. _ Calauri Saqro gabrielis Ze. saarCevno xmis ufleba CamorTmeuli aqvs 1925 wels Svilis loTobis ganmo, _ xulignobda. mama, ar CamoSorda Svils (?!@- v.S.). sofeli patara garejvari

_ mezvriSvili ivane yazaras Ze. eweva kulakur meurneobas, qiraobs muSaxels. amJamad gankulakebulia. dadginda _ darCes Sav siaSi ojaxis wevrebiT. _ gogiaSvili tate marqaris Ze. xmis ufleba CamoerTva vaWrobisaTvis. amJamad gankulakebulia, mis kmayofazea coli sona da Svili liza. dadginda _ darCes Sav siaSi ojaxobiT, mxolod Svil-lizas aRedginos xmis ufleba, vinaidan gaTxovilia da mSoblebTan gawyvetili aqvs kavSiri (?! â&#x20AC;&#x201C; v.S.). S.T. _ suliT avadmyofi, dadginda _ darCes Sav siaSi (?! _ v.S.). a.n. _ suliT avadmyofi, _ darCes Sav siaSi. m.s. _ suliT avadmyofi, _ darCes Sav siaSi. t. _ ?? _ suliT avadmyofi _ darCes Sav siaSi. Sindisis sasoflo sabWo

_ rCeuliSvili ivane nikolozis Ze, _ xmis ufleba CamoerTva, rogorc yofil mRvdels. mRvdlobas Tavi daaneba 1924 wels. Savsielia 1929 wlidan. amJamadac ganagrZobs mRvdlobas. dadginda _ darCes Sav siaSi. _ esiaSvili petre dimitris Ze _ xmis ufleba Camo-

erTva, rogorc yofil vaWars. vaWrobas Tavi daaneba 1924 wlidan. mas Semdeg, ar aris SemCneuli vaWrobaSi. dadginda _ aRedginos xmis ufleba ojaxis wevrebiT. sofeli qvemo xviTi

_ kvinikaZe giorgi iosebis Ze _ xmis ufleba CamoerTva, rogorc soflis diakvans 1929 wels. diakvnobas Tavi daaneba 1926 wels. mas Semdeg eweva soflis meurneobas. aris Raribi. dadginda _ aRiZras Suamdgomloba saqarTvelos cak-is winaSe kvinikaZis da misi ojaxis wevrebisTvis xmis uflebis aRdgenis Sesaxeb. _ kvinikaZe svimon iosebis Ze, _ xmis ufleba CamorTmeuli aqvs, rogorc yofil diakvans 1929 wels. diakvnobda 1926 wlamde. mas Semdeg eweva soflis meurneobas. aris Raribi glexi. dadginda _ aRiZras Suamdgomloba saqarTvelos caki-s winaSe saarCevno xmis aRdgenis Sesaxeb. _ besaSvili ioseb svimonis Ze, _ xmis ufleba CamoerTva, rogorc yofil mRvdels. mRvdlobas Tavi daaneba. 1929 wlidan aris Raribi glexi, dadginda _ darCes Sav siaSi. sofeli fxvenisi

_ amilaxvari rezo aleqsandres Ze _ xmis ufleba CamoerTva, rogorc damqiravebel SromiT mosargebles. xmis ufleba CamoerTva 1927 wels. hqonda agur-xana. amuSavebda mudmivad muSebs. amJamad gasaxlebulia. sofeli Sindisi

_ berZniSvili ivane giorgis Ze, _xmis ufleba CamorTmeuli aqvs 1926 wlidan, rogorc yofil mazris ufross da mudmivad daqiravebuli SrmiT mosargebles. dadginda _ amoiricxo siidan, rogorc gasaxlebuli. sofel atenis sasoflo sabWo

_ mixanaSvili giga solomonis Ze _ xma CamorTmeuli

aqvs, rogorc vaWars. vaWrobas ganagrZobda 1927 wlamde. aris agreTve yofili gvardiis ufrosi. aris koleqtivizaciis winaaRmdegi. mis kmayofazea coli maTiko. dadginda _ darCes Sav siaSi. _ edilaSvili gabrieli nikolozis Ze. xma CamorTmeuli aqvs, rogroc religiuri kultis msaxurs. dadginda _ darCes Sav siaSi. _ bedoSvili beso Tomas Ze. yofili straJniki. amJamad, Raribi glexi. dadginda _ Seikribos cnobebi. sofel bobnevis sasoflo sabWo

_ pepelaSvili giorgi. xmis ufleba CamorTmeuli aqvs, rogorc mRvdels. amJamad, ar imyofeba aRniSnul sofelSi. dadginda _ amoiricxos. sofeli dici

_ mZinaraSvili vaso raJdenis Ze. xmis ufleba CamoerTva 1928 wels, rogorc mRvdels. amJamad aris gankulakebuli. dadgindes _ darCes Sav siaSi. sofeli arbo

_ lomouri ioseb iosebis Ze, xmis ufleba CamoerTva 1928 wels, rogorc mRvdels. amJamadac mRvdlobs. dadginda _darCes Sav siaSi. _ maisuraZe giorgi iosebis Ze. xmis ufleba CamoerTva 1928 wels, rogorc sasadilos movaWres. vaWrobas eweoda 1928 wlamde. mas Semdeg eweva soflis meurneobas. aris dalaqi. dadginda _ Sromis staJis uqonlobis gamo, darCes Sav siaSi. _ wereTeli daTa, xmis ufleba CamoerTva 1928 wels, rogorc kulaks da movaWres. dadginda _ darCes Sav siaSi. sofeli ergneTi

_ doijaSvili vaso. xmis ufleba CamoerTva, rogorc fodraCiks. (?!-v.S.) fodraCikobas eweoda 1927 wlamde. amJamad eweva soflis meureobas. sofeli sayavre

_ kabulaSvili mito zurabis Ze. xmis ufleba Camo-

erTva 1927 wels, rogorc yofil policiels. amJamad ewevs soflis meurneobas. aris saSualo glexi. dadginda _ Seikribos cnobebi. sofeli nadarbazevi

_ saakaSvili rezo Tomas Ze. xmis ufleba CamoerTva SecdomiT 1924 wels, rogorc Savsiels _ mamis kmayofiaze myofs. dadginda _ vinaidan saakaSvili rezo ar aris mamis kmayofaze da SecdomiT aris Setanili Sav siaSi, aRedginos xmis ufleba. sofeli ficesi

_ gazaSvili dimitri aleqsis Ze. xmis ufleba CamoerTva 1929 wels. TviTmpyrobelobis dros, rogorc generlis mxlebels. aris saSualo glexi. sofeli marana

_ makasaraSvili ivane petres Ze. xmis ufleba CamoerTva 1928 wels, rogorc yofil mRvdels. mRvdlobda 1921 wlamde. mas Semdeg maswavleblobda. 1924 wlidan eweva soflis meurneobas. aris mSromeli glexi. mis kmayofazea coli mariami. dadgindes _ aRdgenil iqnas xmis uflebaSi, rogorc SecdomiT Setanili Sav siaSi. sofeli karbi

_ basilaSvili naniko qaixosros Ze. CamoerTva xmis ufleba 1928 wels, rogorc yofil pristavs. eweva soflis meurneobas. aris Raribi, yofili aznauri, dadginda _ Seikribos cnobebi. sofeli tyviavi

_ falelovi ternensa. CamoerTva xmis ufleba 1928 wels, rogorc mRvdels. amJamadac mRvdlobs. dadgindes â&#x20AC;&#x201C; darCes Sav siaSi. sofeli flavismani

_ javaxi sabeda moses asuli. xmis ufleba CamoerTva 1928 wels, rogorc yofili vaWris cols. 1927 wlidan misi qmari wasulia ruseTSi, ris Semdeg, TviTon eweva soflis meurneobas. dadgindes _ aRedginos saarCevno ufleba.

mejvrisxevis sasoflo sabWo

_ C.v.-s xmis ufleba CamoerTva dRidan gasabWoebisa, rogorc suliT avadmyofs. dadginda _ darCes Sav siaSi. _ yulumbegaSvili vaso giorgis Ze. xmis ufleba CamoerTva dRidan gasabWoebisa, rogorc religiuri kultis msaxurs. amJamad imyofeba gorSi. dadgindes _ darCes Sav siaSi. _ koberiZe maro beJanis asuli. xmis ufleba CamoerTva, rogorc yofili vaWris cols (qvrivi), romlis Semdeg sezonurad, TviTon ganagrZobs wvrilmaniT vaWrobas _ kvercxiT da qaTmiT. TviTon aris invalidi da inaxavs oblebs. Raribia. dadgindes _ aRdgenil iqnas uflebebSi. _ tetunaSvili daviT nikolozis Ze. xmis ufleba CamoerTva 1926 wlidan, rogorc RviniT da WirnaxuliT movaWres. 1929 wels Sewyvita vaWroba, ris Semdeg hyavs sakuTari etli da aris meetle. dadginda _ darCes Sav siaSi. _ CikoiZe maSo dimitris asuli _ Savsieli, rogorc vaWris coli. amJamada gaTvisebulia qmarTan (1929 wlidan) da eweva soflis meurneobas. dadgindes _ aRiZras Suamdgomloba saqarTvelos caki-s winaSe, raTa aRudges xmis ufleba CikoiZes da Tavis Svils _ Tamars. _ xmiadaSvili vaso pavles Ze. xmis ufleba CamoerTva dRidan gasabWoebisa, rogorc diakvans. diakvnobas ganagrZobda 1928 wlamde. dadginda _darCes Sav siaSi. _ qananuri stefane grigolis Ze. xmis ufleba CamoerTva 1927 wlidan, rogorc kvercxiT fexze moxetiale movaWres 1928 wlamde. 1928 wlidan eweva soflis meurneobas. amJamad, artelis wevria. dadginda _ aRiZras Suamdgomloba saqarTvelos caki-s winaSe qananuris da misi colis xmis uflebis aRdgenis Sesaxeb. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #4. anaweri #1, saqme #56. gv. 1-44. 1930 weli. `gankulakebul da Savsielebis mimarT~ _ saqmis masalebidan).

miwis moerTgule, gamrje glexkaci, sazogadoebisTvis saSiS, `mavne elementad~ monaTles, kulakis iarliyi miakres da sakuTar sacxovrisidan, mama-papaTa samosaxlodan did-patarianad ahyares, gamoasaxles... samarTali, simarTlis xelovnebaao, _ uTqvamT, Tumc samarTlis aRmsrulebelTaTvis simarTle is gaxldaT, risi dajerebac surdaT... da xelidan glejdnen adamianebs yvelafers _ sakuTrebas, janmrTelobas, SeubRalav saxels, Rirsebas, sixaruls, mosvenebas, xSirad yvelaze Zvirfass _ sicocxlesac. ...da amao iyo samarTlis maZiebelTa yovelgvari mcdeloba, daerwmunebinaT, Zlierni ama qveynisani, sakuTar udanaSaulobasa da simarTleSi... profesor sergi makalaTias saxelobis goris istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis fondebis mcvelis, qalbaton iamze xomasuriZis naambobidan:

- maxsendeba epizodi papis â&#x20AC;&#x201C; svimon xomasuriZis mogonebidan, romelic onis raionis sofel xirxonisSi gamrje glexkacobis damTrgunvel, koleqtivizaciis erTob dramatul, mtkivneul process ukavSirdeba: koleqtivizaciis sawyis etapze sofel xirxonisSi, mTavrobis maRalCinosani amosula da adgilobrivi glexobisTvis kreba gaumarTavs. dRis wesrigi, koleqtivizaciis Sesaxeb msjelobas isaxavda miznad; _ TiToeulma TqvenTaganma, uklebliv yvelam, kolmeurneobaSi unda gaaerTianos xar-kameCi, - rogorc msxvilfexi, ise wvrilfexi sveli (anu mewveli) saqone-

li, miwis nakveTi, futkari... Sedegad, qveynad dagrovili didZali dovlaTi Tanabrad gadanawildeba TiToeul Tanamosaxleze, - iyo mowodeba sabWoTa moxelisa. Tavyrilobis absolutur umravlesobas, maT Soris papas, mxari ar dauWeria Tavsmoxveuli, miuRebeli direqtivisTvis, ufro metic, sakuTari ukmayofileba papas brZnuli, azriani qarTuli andaziT – “ aha, qero cxenio, pirTan – araferio”, - gamouTqvia, rac Zalze Zvirad daujda Rirseul winapars; - jer gaakulakes, Semdgom ki - daapatimres. goris olqis aRmaskomis Tavmjdomares,

sofel Sindisis mcx. giorgi arCilis Ze kvaliaSvilis gancxadeba 1930 w. 28.I

gamasaxles, rogorc kulaki, rodesac var saSualo glexi. xmis uflebas var moklebuli. sameurneo gadasaxadi mqonda 5 maneTi. gamosakvebi myavs oTxi suli, maT Soris sami ususuri bavSvi, romlebic sruliad ubinaod da ulukmapurod darCnen. gTxovT ganixiloT saqme da damabrunoT saxlSi. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #4, anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 33). goris raiaRmaskoms sofel Sindisis mcx. iason SoTas Ze maduaSvilis gancxadeba

Cemi SvilebiT daTxovili varT soflidan, dagviketes karebi da arara gamoutanebiaT ra. Cems mcire wlovan SvilebTan, arsaiT bina ar maqvs da arc sarCo. daviarebiT civ zamTarSi ubinaod. me TviTon, arafris

winaaRmdegi ar var, arca vyofilvar individualurad dabegrili. gTxovT gamoarkvioT Cemi saqme adgilobriv da dagvabrunoT ukanve, Tu mTavrobisaTvis sawinaamdego ar iqneba, anda mogvceT bina da cxovrebis wyaro rCenisa. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #4, anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 48). goris raiaRmaskomis Tavmjdomares, sofel SindisSi mcxovrebi vaso zaqros Ze georqovis gancxadeba

gadmomasaxles brigadis dadgenilebiT sofel Sindisidan, magram Cemi gadmosaxleba, srulebiT ar Seefereba simarTles, vinaidan me viyavi uRaribesi kaciSvili, rogorc glexi, cxovrebiT datanjuli. ar myavs mojamagire, ar var vaWari, ar maqvs wisqvili, mTavrobis sawinaaRmdego araferi mimiZRvis. var miwis muSa. wvrilSvilebi damrCa oblaT, sul patarebi, erTi 7 wlis, meore eqvsis. saqoneli myamda 2 kameCi, 1 cxeni. amisaTvis gTxomT gamirkvioT saqme da damabrunoT Cem mezobel glexebTan sofel SindisSi. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #4 anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 26). goris olqis aRmasrulebeli komitetis Tavmjdomares, sofel ormocSi, bobnevis Tem sabWos mcx. iliko giorgis Ze qoqaSvilis gancxadeba

me CamomarTves (dabezRebiT) 80 Txa da cxvari, erTi kviciani cxeni, ori Zroxa da sami dekeuli. amis garda wisqvili erTi Tvali, romelic Rirs aranakleb 1000 maneTis... saqonlis sakvebi da erTi uremi bze. Tanaxmad Tqvenis gankargulebisa

yvela, garda wisqvilisa da sakvebisa, unda dambruneboda, magram kidev ar daubrunebiaT. cxvari iRupeba, saqoneli mouvleli abariaT iseT pirebs, romlebic xocaven da sWamen cxvars. gTxovT gasceT gankarguleba CamorTmeuli cxvari, cxeni da saqoneli damibrundes daCqarebiT, sanam sul dauxocniaT viTomda mwyemsebs. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #4 anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 8). ganmeorebiTi werili goris olqis muSaTa da glexTa inspeqtors, sofel ormocis, bobnevis Temis, goris raionis mcx. iliko qoqaSvilis gancxadeba

damkvrelma brigadam ianvarSi, sxvaTa WorebiT CamomarTva 5 suli sxvil fexi saqoneli, erTi cxeni kviciT, 80 Txa da cxvari da wisqvili erTi Tvali. miuxedavad imisa, rom umaRlesma mTavrobam araerTxel gasca gankarguleba daebrunebinaT yvela, adgilobrivi mTavroba amas ar asrulebs. SeWames 10-15 Txa da cxvari, zogi daixoca mouvlelobiT, kvicic mokles, wisqvili sxvas misces ijariT, me Sig ar miSveben. Cemi Zroxebi hyavT da ver uvlian. gTxovT, raTa glexis interesebi iyos daculi, daCqarebiT gadmogzavnoT Tqveni rwmunebuli saqmis gansaxilvelad, damibrundes Cemi saqoneli, aminazRaurdes zarali da damnaSaveni miecnen pasuxisgebaSi. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #4, anaweri #1, furceli 9). goris raionis aRmaskoms, sofel saqaSeTSi mcx. moq. giorgi aleqsis Ze mogelaSvilis gancxadeba 1930 w. 1.I

me vitanjebi Cveni soflis sabWos wevris amx. . . . (garkveul mizezTa gamo, gvari, Cems mier, arc aq saxeldeba _ v.S.) wyalobiT, romlis `saqmeni sagmironi~,

sakmaod daxasiaTebulia gazeT . . . â&#x20AC;&#x201C;is mesame nomerSi. amx. . . ., teroris qveS hyavs Cveni soflis mSromeli mosaxleoba. miuxedavad imisa, rom me Savsieli ara var, individualurad dabegrili ar vyofilvar da var saSualo SeZlebis glexi, mainc var soflidan gamodevnili. rac Seexeba Cems meurneobas, amazed laparaki zedmetia. maqvs saxnavi (6 dR), venaxi (150 k. saJ.) da baRi (1 dR.). myavs 2 kameCi, 2 xari, 2 mozveri da 2 Zroxa. amisaTvis mogmarTeT da gTxovT gamoarkvioT saqmis viTareba da rogorc gaugebrobiT gamodevnili, dagvabrunoT sofelSi. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #4 anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 18). goris raionis aRmaskoms sofel axaldabaSi mcx. moq. vaso dimitris Ze wowolaSvilis gancxadeba

Cemi soflidan gamodevnis sakiTxi moiTxovs gadasinjvas da Semowmebas im mxriv, Tu ramdenad samarTliania dadgenileba, romlis mixedviTac me var gamodevnili soflidan. arsebiTad me var saSualo SeZlebuli glexi. vewevi soflis meurneobas sakuTar Cemi SromiT da ojaxis wevrebis daxmarebiT. gadaWarbebiT daqiravebuli Sromis gamomyenebeli, ar vyofilvar. maqvs saxnavi (7 dR.), 1/4 dR. xilis baRi, myavs 4 xari, erTi Zroxa, 1 dekeula, 1 xbo da saxli erTi oTaxi, Tavisi bosliT. individualur dabegrasTan dakavSirebuli gadasaxadebi, romlis raodenoba udris 302 maneTs, mTlianad Setanilia yovelive iZulebiTi zomebis gareSe. vaWari arasodes ar vyofilvar da ar vici, ram gamoiwvia yovelive es, raTa var gariyuli da ra danaSauli mimiZRvis iseTi. rogorc xedavT Cems meurneobas, araviTari kulakuri meurneobis niSnebi ar axasiaTebs.

amisaTvis mogmarTavT da gTxovT, dawvrilebiT SeamowmoT Cemi gamodevnis mizezebi da ukeTu misaRebi viqnebi, keTili ineboT da dagvabrunoT Cems ojaxSi. mTx. +++ (wera ar icis) (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #4 anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 5). goris raionis aRmaskoms sofel qveSis mcx. lado Tedos Ze elizbaraSvilis gancxadeba. 1.02.30

w. me var gamodevnili soflidan, rogorc Sav-sieli (yofili vaWari). unda mogaxsenoT, rom dRes me, rogorc miwis muSa, mSromeli glexi, SavsiaSi ar unda vyofiliyavi, magram yovelive es, moxda Cemi gaugebrobiT da uvicobiT, rogorc swavlaganaTlebas moklebuli mSromeli glexi. marTalia, am sami wlis winaT me vawarmoebdi sezonur vaWrobas xiliT, magram aseTs, me savsebiT Tavi davanebe da sruli sami weliwadia mas aqeT, araviTari vaWroba ar miwarmoebia, rasac daadastureben Cemi soflis mSromeli mosaxleoba. savaWro patenti, arasodes ar mqonia. rac Seexeba Cems meurneobas, amazed laparaki zedmetia. ojaxi Sedgeba 7 sulisgan. muSaxeli varT 2. saxnavi maqvs (2 1/2dR.) baRi (1/2dR.), venaxi (1/4dR.), saqoneli myavs: xari-2, Zroxa-1, zaqi-1 da 1 xbo. gTxovT mogvaqcioT yuradReba da dagvabrunoT Cems ojaxSi. mTx. +++ (wera ar icis). (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #4, anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 63). goris raionis aRmaskoms sofel axaldabis mcx. moq. giorgi solomonis Ze papuaSvilis gancxadeba

saqarTvelos gasabWoebis dRidan saarCevno xmis uflebas moklebuli ar vyofilvar. me var 58 wlis.

Cemi ojaxi Sesdgeba 6 sulisgan, myavs 100 wlis moxucebuli, usinaTlo deda, meuRle, ori Svili da rZali. sasoflo-sameurneo gadasaxadiT wels viyavi dabegrili 8 man. da 89 kap. raodenobiT. maSasadame aqedan, aseTi daskvna unda gamovitanoT, rom me, Tu uRaribess ara, saSualo glexTa kategorias unda vekuTvnode, magram yovel SemTxvevaSi, ara kulakebis fenas. me var miwis muSa, mSromeli glexi, maqvs ori oTaxi da erTi boseli. am or oTaxidan sofels dauTme erTi oTaxi sazogadoebrivi saWiroebisaTvis usasyidlod, xolo me vcxovrob boselSi. myavs ori xari, 2 mozveri, 2 kameCi, 1 Zroxa, erTi furzaqi da erTi beberi, davardnili kameCi. rac Seexeba normas, saxnavi maqvs 7 dR. da 1 dR. venaxi. soflis meurneobas vewevi sakuTari Cemi SromiT da ojaxis wevrebis daxmarebiT. daqiravebuli Sromis gamomyenebeli ar vyofilvar, vaWari ar vyofilvar, mevaxSeoba ar gamiwevia, wisqvili da sxva samrewvelo sawarmo ar mqonia, uSromod miRebuli SemosavliT ar micxovria. miuxedavad yovelive amisa, me var cnobili kulakad da gamodevnili soflidan. gTxovT mogvaqcioT yuradReba, adgilobriv SeamowmoT dawvrilebiT Cemi soflidan gamodevnis mizezebi da ukeTu misaRebi viqnebi da Cemi soflis mSromeli mosaxleoba gamosTqvamen TavianT mtkice azrs Cemi datovebis Sesaxeb da maT Cems mimarT sawinaaRmdego ara eqnebaT ra, gTxovT dagvabrunoT Cems sofelSi. mTx. vaso papuaSvili (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #4, anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 11). goris raionis aRmaskoms. sofel araSendaSi mcx. moq. sandro mixas Ze kopaZis gancxadeba

rogorc Sromis invalidi da 40% Sromis unars moklebuli miwis muSa mSromeli glexi, mogmarTavT da

gTxovT Cemi soflidan gamodevnis sakiTxi gadasinjoT, Tu ramdenad Rirsi var me aseTi sasjelis. Cemi ojaxi Sesdgeba 15 sulisagan, muSa _ 5. soflis meurneobas vewevi SeZlebis dagvarad piradi SromiT da ojaxis wevrebis daxmarebiT, daqiravebuli muSa-Zalis gamouyeneblad. maqvs saxnavi 15 dRisa, venaxi 1 1/2dRisa, baRi 1 dRisa, samosaxlo 1/8 dRis. saqoneli ori zaqi, ori Zroxa da erTi kvebula. maqvs agreTve 1 1/2Tvali wisqvili, romelic sezonurad muSaobs da metad umniSvnelo Semosavals iZleva, saminde gadasaxadsac ver istumrebs. soflidan Cemi gamodevna Cemi SexedulebiT, agebulia raRac gaugebrobaze, anu pirad interesebze, radganac Cems meurneobas kulakuri meurneobis niSnebi egre rigad, mainc da mainc ar axasiaTebs. individualur dabegrasTan dakavSirebuli gadasaxadebi, romlis raodenoba udris 650 man. mTlianad Setanilia yovelive iZulebiTi zomebis gareSe. amisTvis mogmarTavT da gTxovT, mogvaqcioT yuradReba, dawvrilebiT SeamowmoT Cemi gamodevnis mizezebi da ukeTu misaRebi viqnebi, gTxovT damabrunoT. +++ (wera ar icis) (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #4 anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 3).

...arc yalbi, crubraldeba, kompromatebic yovndeboda. mizanSi amoRebuli TiToeuli `samsxverplo~, dauyovnebliv unda mokveTiliyo soflidan, sakuTari sacxovrisidan. goris olqis aRmasrulebeli komitetis masalebidan 1930 w. 9.IV. saidumlod yvela raiaRmaskomebs da goris qalaqis sabWos:

_ miRebuli cnobebidan irkveva, rom raiaRmaskomebi anTavisufleben da abruneben soflad sacxovreb-

lad kulakebs olqaRmaskomis nebadaurTvelad, rac yovlad dauSveblad migvaCnia. gacnobebT, rom amas gavalebT, araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar daabrunoT soflad kulakebidan aravin da saerTod, araviTari Tqveni dadgenileba kulakebis Sesaxeb, ar gaataroT cxovrebaSi olqaRmaskomis sanqciis gareSe. olqaRmaskomis Tavmjdomare . . . olqaRmaskomis mdivani . . . (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #4, saqme #59, furceli 98).

s.s.s.r. goris raioni. Sindisis sasoflo sabWo saidumlo goris raiStabs

mogaxsenebT levan TavyeliSvilis Sesaxeb, rom marTalia igi ar xasiaTdeba kulakuri niSnebiT, magram igi aris ara saimedo pirovneba, politikurad mavne da xelis SemSleli yovelgvar sazogadoebrivi saqmianobis, nametur koleqtivizaciisa. amitom igi gasaxlebul iqna, rogorc sabWos prezidiumis da aqtivis TaTbiris mier, sadac daeswro olqis Stabis wevri amx. . . . xels awers Sindisis sasoflo sabWos Tavmjdomare (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #4 anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 40) saq. cakis samdivnos

gacnobebT, rom sof. SindisSi mcx. ilia qaixosros Ze daviTaSvili gasaxlebul iqmna soflidan, rogorc kulaki, memamule, aznauri, vaWari (mikitani) da glexobis eqsploatatori. misi am Jamad sofelSi dabruneba,

gamoiwvevs did ukmayofilebas glexobaSi, radganac glexobasTan cudi ganwyobileba hqonia, rogorc warsulSi, agreTve momavalSi. Tavmjdomare . . . mdivani . . . 7.XII. 30 w. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #4 anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 19).

s.s.s.r. goris olqis aRmasrulebeli komiteti 1930 w. aprili saidumlo goris raiaRmaskoms:

_ rogorc SemCneulia, adgilebidan gamosaxlebul kulakebis saxlSi, zog adgilas CausaxlebiaT mojamagireebi; mxolod Semdeg kulakis sofelSi dabrunebis dros, isev gamousaxlebiaT. aseTi movlena, yovlad dauSvebeli da miuRebelia. amisTvis olqaRmaskomi gavalebT gamosaxlebul kulakis saxlSi Casaxlebuli mojamagire, an sxva usaxlkaro glexi, araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar gamoasaxloT, xolo dabrunebul kulaks aRmouCinoT sxva bina, ukeTu misi Tavis saxlSi Casaxleba SeuZlebelia. ase, rom ar iqnes gamosaxlebuli mojamagire. olqaRmaskomis Tavmjdomare sworia: olqaRmaskomis mdivani (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #4 saqme #59, furceli 45). goris mazris sxvadasxva Temebidan TavadaznaurTa gadasaxlebis Sesaxeb siebis damtkicebisaTvis:

_ sia damtkicebul iqnes srulad, garda oqmSi (#11) aRniSnuli ekaterine erisTavisa da (#78) ZmaTa diasamiZeebis Sesaxeb. sakiTxi gamorkeuli iyos maTi so-

cialuri mdgomareobis, Tu ramdenad sasurvelni arian xalxisTvis igini darCnen soflad. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #4 anaweri #1, saqme #55, furceli 124).

samkvidro _ samosaxlodan Zaladobrivad ayrili, naSalcixesaviT saxedasevdianebuli qarTveli glexoba, jalabTan erTad, boRmiT da sevdiT tovebda mSobliur sofels, avi droebiT Camqral kerias. istoriis mexsierebis kuTvnilebas warmoadgens apokalifsis mxedarTa mier Sewyvetili cxovrebis epizodebi. adamianTa mimarT Cadenili Zaladoba, raxania tkivilian furclad Caiwera Cveni qalaqis istoriis saxelmZRvaneloSi. Zneli warmosadgeni ar unda iyos is didi mwuxareba, rasac Sinidan gamodevnili, gadasaxlebuli adamianebi ganicdidnen, romelTa mZime xvedri SeiZleba SevadaroT maT, visac cocxlad wvavdnen nel cecxlze filaresis spilenZis xarSi. mavanT, am ambis CamdenT, ver SeaZrwunebda saSineli godeba, moTqma; _ cxovrebiT zurgSeqceulTa gminva, tkbil musikad CaesmodaT wamebis momwyobT, `SemoqmedT~... maT sulebSi, raxania damkvidrebuliyo utifrobiT, ZalmomreobiT, mcireTa CagvriT gancdili siamaye.

ngrevis arqiteqtura `herostates dafnis gvirgvinosnebi~ `umecrebaze gambedavi, ar aris ra amqveynad~ Jan-Jak ruso

rwmena qarTvelTa muzaradi iyo da iqneba marad. adamiani rwmeniTaa Zlieri. mxolod wylis Zlier nakads ZaluZs aabrunos wisqvilis veeba borbali. rwmena iyo da aris is saimedo godoli, jaWvis perangi, ramac gadagvarCina. rwmenas ewirebodnen Cveni winaprebi, wminda mamebi, mefeni, eriskacni. RmerTma adamianebs imisTvis mogvaniWa RmerTisken ltolvis saSualeba, raTa dReniadag vebrZoloT CvenSi Cabudebul xorciel sawyiss. adamianSi adamians CaZineboda, goni da vneba Tvlemda maSin, eklesiebsac gvingrevdnen, maTTan erTad Cven sulebsac. RvTis mier Seqmnili taZari, Tavad adamiania, misi maradiuli suliT... `nuTu ar iciT, rom RmerTis taZari xarT da suli RmerTisaa damkvidrebuli TqvenSi? vinc RmerTis taZars daaqcevs, daaqcevs mas RmerTi, vinaidan RmerTis taZari wmidaa, xolo esa xarT Tqven~. sazogadoeba moraluri wesrigis gareSe warmoudgenelia, rac rom mxolod rwmeniT miiRweva... istoriis sxvadasxva periodSi, adamianTa xeliT, Tvalis dauxamxameblad moisra kacTa modgmis mier saukuneTa manZilze dagrovili kulturuli memkvidreoba, rac samwuxarod, dResac grZeldeba (das-

turad SegviZlia gavixsenoT, Tundac axlo aRmosavleTSi Cadenili barbarosoba). _ gana eWvs iwvevs Zvel berZenTa roli kacobriobis civilizaciis aRmasvlaSi?! mxolod aleqsandriis biblioTekis faqti rad Rirs, sadac sul cota aTasi wlis manZilze qristes Sobamde da mis Semdgom, Tavmoyrili iyo antikuri epoqis udides swavlulTa, Tu filosofosTa naazrev-nafiqrali. adamianTa namoRvawaris am erTgvar banks, badali ar hqonda dedamiwaze. Cveni welTaRricxvis me-5 saukuneSi arabebma, imperiis mTel sivrceze arsebuli kulturis araerTi Zegli misces cecxlsa da maxvils. 642 wels, jeri aleqsandriis biblioTekazec midga. nacrad aqcies ZvelberZnuli filosofiis oqros epoqaSi dawerili 400 aTasi uZvirfasesi wigni, Tu xelnaweri. es faqti warmoadgens adamianis mier sakuTari modgmis winaSe Cadenil yvela drois erT-erT udides borotebas. rwmena qarTvelTa muzaradi iyo da iqneba marad, Tumc uRmerTo adamians ZaluZs, erTi xelis aRebiT mospos saukuneTa manZilze dagrovili kulturuli memkvidreoba, miwasTan gaasworos is sulieri, moraluri faseulobani, rac esoden amSvenebs adamianTa modgmas. _ mtrobiT dangreuls, mxolod siyvaruli aSenebs. did mtrobas, rogorc eklesia gvaswavlis, sapirwoned, didi siyvaruli sWirdeba.

oqonis eklesia goris RvTismSoblis eklesia oqonis eklesiis saxeliTac gaxldaT cnobili, romelic me-11 saukuneSi bagrat mefis sacolis - elenes mziTevis saberZneTidan gamotanebuli oqonis xatis dasabrZane-

blad agebula. aqve davsZenT, rom goris mcveli da mfarveli oqonis xati, XI saukunidan moixsenieba. amonaweri goris qalaqis sabWos prezidiumis 1928 wlis 13 martis #32 oqmidan: Tavmjdomare: s.c. wevrebi: p.g., v.u., d.k. mdivani i.x. moismines: oqonis eklesiis dangreva. (momxsenebeli s.c.)

radgan mTelma rigma komisiebma daamtkices, rom oqonis eklesiis Senobis mdgomareoba saSiSia da advilad SeiZleba raime marcxi moxdes, rasac mohyveba adamianis msxverpli, amitom iqmnes dangreuli; axali eklesiis asaSeneblad, Tu amas moiTxovs morwmunebelTa sazogadoeba, _ mieceT Sesaferisi adgili, eklesiis Senoba iqmnes dangreuli ara ugvianes maisis 1-sa, aRdgomis uqmebis Semdeg. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #3, anaweri #1, saqme #507, furceli 15).

ai, araadamianuri qcevis mcire dokumenturi fragmenti, dasturi programisa, romelic uRmerTobasa da cinizmze, SiSsa da sisastikeze iyo bazirebuli. am faqtma kidev erTxel ganacvifra gori da sruliad saqarTvelo, rameTu rwmena qarTul sazogadoebas, Zvlamde hqonda da aqvs dasuli, Sesisxlxorcebuli. eklesiis damaqcevarT, samwuxarod, xSirad aviwydebaT RvTis mier Seqmnili taZari, misi maradiuli suliT, rom Tavad adamiania... `nuTu ar iciT, rom RmerTis taZari xarT da suli RmerTisaa damkvidrebuli TqvenSi? vinc RmerTis taZars daaqcevs, daaqcevs mas RmerTi, vinaidan RmerTis taZari wmidaa, xolo esa xarT Tqven~. (pavle. korinTelTa, 4.33).

oqonis eklesisiis dangreva xiluli magaliTia adamianis namdvili moraluri gapartaxeba _ gadagvarebisa. ar wydeboda permanenturi ieriSi qarTul eklesiasa da mRvdelmsaxurebze... kultis msaxuri, RvTiskacni, saSineli damcirebis da devnis samizned iqca RvTiskaci, kultis msaxuri.

* * *

araerTi eklesia daingra gorSic... ai, ras vkiTxulobT goris samazro aRmasrulebeli komitetis prezidiumis 1923 wlis martis sxdomis #10 oqmSi _ `dangreuli da dazianebuli eklesiebidan aRebuli masalis moxmarebis Sesaxeb: _ dangreuli eklesiebi garda oqonisa, somxebis axali eklesiisa da frangebis eklesiisa, yvela dangreuli eklesiebis dangrevis ufleba mieces aRmSeneblobiT kavSirs (?!-v.S.) da nangrevebidan amoRebuli masalebi gadaeces uRaribes moqalaqeT da wyaldidobisagan dazaralebul moqalaqeT, saxlebis asaSeneblad. gadawyvetileba sisruleSi iqna moyvanili da araerTi saxli, maT Soris saswavlo-samedicino dawesebuleba aSenda. aqve davsZenT, rom saqarTveloSi myof germanel samxedro tyve-jariskacebsac sakuTari xeliT daangrevines TbilisSi arsebuli luTeranuli eklesia _ `kirxe~, romelic dRevandeli metro `marjaniSvilis~ mopirdapire mxares mdebareobda, mis adgilas ki, sacxovrebeli korpusi aagebines.

faqti, movlena ukomentarod... saidumlod friad saswrafod maisi. 1923 w. #31 39 samazro aRmaskomis kiTxvari qarelis Temis aRmaskomisadmi:

1. ramdenma eklesiis msaxurma (mRvdlebma, diakvnebma) daanebes eklesias Tavi. 2. ramdenma gaikriWa Tavis surviliT. 3. ramdeni iqna gakreWili ZaliT. 4. ramdeni mRvdelia mazraSi, romelnic aSkarad gamodian propagandiT sarwmunoebis winaaRmdeg. 5. ramdeni eklesiaa faqtiurad gadakeTebuli klubad, biblioTekad, an sxva kulturul dawesebulebad. 6. ramdeni iyo SemTxveva sarwmunoebrivi gamosvlebisa morwmuneTa mier. 7. xdeba Tu ara wirva-locva kerZo saxlebSi eklesiebis daketvis Semdeg. 8. xdeba Tu ara gasveneba, naTloba, qorwineba mRvdelTa dauswreblad. Sina mmarTvelobis ganyofilebis gamge g.c. mdivani g.m. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #3 anaweri #2, saqme #27, furceli 4).

saidumlod friad saCqaroT goris samazro aRmaskomis Sinagan saqmeTa sammarTvelos ganyofileba

raionis aRmaskoms

gegzavnebaT amasTan erTad nimuSi, romlisda Tanaxmad miRebisTanave sami dRis ganmavlobaSi, yovelive mizez gareSe, saWiroa SevadginoT sia eklesiebisa, romelSic swarmoebs wirva-locva am Jamad da vin msaxuroben, rogorc nimuSSi aris aRniSnuli. agreTve saWiroa im eklesiebisa, romelSic ar swarmoobs. im cnobaSi ki saWiroa aRiniSnos, Tu vin awarmoebda aRniSnul eklesias. SesrulebisTanave daubrkolebliv siebi gadmogzavneT. Sina mmarTvelobis ganyofilebis gamge s.c. sainformacio qveganyofilebis gamge S. k. s.s.s.r. mejvrisxevis Temis aRmasrulebeli komitetis werili goris samazro aRmaskomisadmi

1923 weli saidumlo, friad saswrafo

samazro aRmaskomis Sina mmarTvelobas. Tanaxmad Tqveni saidumlo mowerilobisa gidgenT eklesiis da samRvdeloebis sias. sia saydrebis da samRvdelo pirebis (marTlmadidebelTa) goris raionis goris mazrisa, sadac swarmoebs wirva-locva:

1. karaleTis RvTismSoblis eklesia _ mRvdeli mWedliZe vano 2. patara garejvris giorgis (wminda giorgis â&#x20AC;&#x201C; v.S.)

eklesia _ dekanozi mcuraviSvili lento. orive maTgani â&#x20AC;&#x201C; `dangreulia, karebi Ria aris da amisaTvis swarmoebs wirva-locva~. daxuruli eklesiebis cnoba:

1. atenis RvTismSoblis eklesia _ mRvdeli edilaSvili gabriel. 2. ormocis RvTismSoblis eklesia _ mRvdeli papeliSvili giorgi. 3. rexis RvTismSoblis eklesia _ mRvdel-monazoni giorgi darCia. 4. didi garejvris RvTismSoblis eklesia _ umcrosi mRvdeli mWedliZe vano. 5. Tortizis RvTismSoblis eklesia _ dekanozi mcxveTaze leonti. 6. xelTubnis RvTismSoblis xarebis eklesia _ dekanozi irodion oqropiriZe. 7. sveneTis RvTismSoblis eklesia _ mRvdeli xaxanovi gabo. 8. rexis eklesia _ mRvdeli xaxanovi gabo. 9. berbukis mTavarangelozis eklesia _ dekanozi irodion oqropiriZe. Tan erTvis SeniSvna: regresistebi da konservatorebi yvelani. saidumlod sia saydrebisa da samRvdelo pirebisa (marTlmadidebelTa) mejvrisxevis raionisa _ goris mazra:

1. samebis eklesia _ sofeli berSueTi, mRvdeli bibiluri leqso, nacional-demokrati _ swarmoebs wirva-locva. 2. imave eklesiis diakvani CitaZe vaso da diakvani nacional-demokrati. 3. iqve _ axalbedaSvili Tedo `-----------~.

4. RvTismSoblisa-axalsofeli, kokeliZe estate, mRvdeli `------------~ 5. iqve, _ xucurauli dimit. diakvani `---------------~ 6. `------------~ - xevsuri sandro tarasta `-----------------~ 7. RvTismSoblisa, s. zerti-urfanovi, tertera, daSnakcakan. 8. samebis, s. axrisi – baTiaSvili ioseb, mRvdeli, konservat. 9. iqve – baTiaSvili gegena – diakvani `--------------~ daxuruli eklesiebi

10. sufsarqisi, s. didi mejvrisxevi _ urfanovi arSaki, tertera. 11. wm. marine – didi mejvrisxevi – xaxutaSvili iliko, mRvdeli, nacional-(albad demokrati-v.S.). (P.S. aRsaniSnavia, rom swored mejvrisxevis uZveles, wminda marines taZarSi daiwera jvari anastasia erisTav-xoStariam poet dutu megrelze. maT jvrisweras, rogorc xelismomkide, akaki wereTeli eswreboda. – v.S.) 12. usaneTi – didi mejvrisxevi – igive, anu mRvdeli, nacional (albad demokrati – v.S.) 13. amaRleba, iqve – igive 14. RvTismSoblisa, ukuRmasofeli – xaxutaSvili gigo _ gakreWilia. 15. RvTismSoblisa _ patara mejvrisxevi _ igive _ 16. axaljvari _ sofeli axalubani – gamrekeli seiT, mRvdeli, erov.demokrati wirva-locva swarmoebs marto dResaswaulobiT weliwadSi erTxel (daxuruli eklesiaa). 17. RvTismSoblisa aZvSi _ igive `--------------~ 18. RvTismSoblisa tyviavSi – darbuaSvili Saqro, mRvdeli (swarmoebs wirva-locva). 19. naTlismcemlisa ZeveraSi – javaxiSvili niko, mRvdeli. – swarmoebs wirva-locva

20. mRvTismSoblisa (RvTimSoblis – v.S._ mereTi – unafqoSvili filipe, mRvdeli, swarmebas wirva-locva 21. samebisa karbSi- quCukaSvili sandro, mRvdeli, _ swarmoebas wirva-locva 22. naTlismcemlisa flavSi _ samadaSvili nikoloz, mRvdeli, swarmoebs wirva-locva 23. svetiscxovelis, tirZnisSi, _ kasraZe vano, swarmoebs wirva-locva 24. naTlismcemlisa _ lomiZe malaqia _ swarmoebs wirva-locva SeniSvna: s. mejvrisxevSi ueklesioT mRvdlobs mRvdeli giorgi dedabriSvili (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #3, saqme #48.

uflisgan mironcxebulma RvTiskacebma sicocxlis realuri riskis fasad, rwmeniT da locviT, mrevlTan erTad, rogorc SeZles SemoinarCunes wminda taZrebi. ar cxreboda dedo-zari eklesiaTa samreklodan, daxurul, nangrevebad qceul taZrebSic gamudmebiT aRevlineboda wirva-locvani. sabero saqmis moerTgule RvTiskacebma, momlocvelebTan mxardamxar, araerTi mravalgzis naSavdRevari eklesia, freska, xelnaweri, artefaqti gadaarCines, rkinis karebad aRimarTnen, mecixovneebad daudgnen eris saganZurs, qristianul qarTul kulturas. sauflo saqmeTa moxarke, meaRape _ Semwirvelma mRvdelmsaxurebma, wminda taZrebSi gamoRamebuli sicocxle, uSurvelad miuZRvnes mamuls, sarwmunoe-

bas. qristes saxelis moerTgule-moTayvane, saqarTveloze mlocvel-mofiqralTa gulebi, eklesiaTa fundamentSia Camdnari. istoriuli qartexilebiT, uzneobiT aRsavse mRvrie periodebi ise gamoiares, mciredi laqac ar moscxebiaT, rac damuxlisTavebuli locviT, zneobriv-esTetikuri cxovrebiT, gaxldaT ganpirobebuli. eSmakis manqana ganagrZobda mzakvrul qmedebebs da religiur niadagze, siZulvils sTesda sazogadoebaSi. maT Soris qarTul ojaxebSi. goris raisabWos aRmaskomis masalebidan:

saidumlod tfilisis saolqo samxedro sammarTvelos ufross:

_ raiaRmaskomi gacnobebT, rom rogorc gamoirkva, sofel xidisTavSi mcxovreb zaqaria daviTis Ze daviTaSvils, rogorc yofil mRvdels, warTmeuli aqvs saarCevno xmis ufleba, moyolilia Sav siaSi. mxolod misi Svili, moqalaqe daviT zaqarias Ze daviTaSvili, ar aris piradad Setanili Sav siaSi, radgan 1924 wlis aqeT, mas kavSiri gawyvetili aqvs Tavisi mamis ojaxTan. Tavmjdomare . . . mdivani . . . 1930 w. 23.03 (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #4 saqme #59, furceli 31)

rodesac amdagvar uRirs magaliTebze vsaubrobT, aq yvelaze mTavari is ki araa, vin aris aRmasrulebeli mzakvruli direqtivisa, aramed is, Tu vin aris damkveTi, anu Zala, romelic msgavs umsgavsoebaTa ukan dgas. vfiqrob, bevrad mniSvnelovania, Tu ra Zalebis mier iyo dakveTili ilia WavWavais mkvleloba, vidre is, Tu vin ganaxorciela es Semzaravi aqti. dostoevski Tavis SesaniSnav nawarmoebSi _ `Zmebi

karamazovebi~, _ qadagebs, rom dasasjeli xlestiakovi ki ar aris, romelmac mama karamazovi mokla, aramed ufrosi Zma _ aleqsi, vinc `izmebs~ qadagebda, Svilebs, mamis winaaRmdeg ganawyobda.

`ara ars RmerTi SfoTisa

Ă ...~

ber-monazonTa SemarTeba, mrwamsis erTguleba, sulieri simtkice-udrekobis gansaxiereba da zneobrivi egzamplia samiaTaswlovani erisa. zneobrivi maqsimebis ZirZvel RirebulebaTa moerTgule, RirsebiT Semkulma RvTiskacebma, uari Tqves pirovnul simyudrove-usafrTxoebasa da mSvid cxovrebaze da zeenergiuli simxneviT, win aRudgnen gamanadgurebel Sturms qarTul eklesiebze. es gaxldaT ara mxolod Rirsebisa da rwmenis dasacavad gadadgmuli gmiruli nabiji, aramed brZola adamianisa da adamianurobis ideis pativsacemad; _ qarqaSSi Caugebel xmalsaviT ar drkebodnen da bolo amosunTqvamde Wirisuflebad daudgnen wminda taZrebs, mrevls, qarTul sazogadoebas, marad mzad iyvnen Tavi gaewiraT qristes saxelisa da siyvarulisTvis. kacuri sidinje-sidarbaisliT Seegebnen nabrZaneb verdiqts, mzakvrul ganaCens, avi droebiT movlenil garduvals... Rirseulad icxovres, iloces... ukandaxevaze, wuTiTac ar ufiqriaT, rameTu eklesiis erTgulebas sulis sawieriT, sauflo movaleobad ganixilavdnen. es adamianebi, rogorc wuTieri, ise maradiuli sicocxlisaTvis moavlina, Seqmna gangebam. msgavni RvTiskacni, sulis uRranTan erTad, gza-savals ukafavdnen Taobebs da TavdadebiTac magaliTs aZlevdnen momavals gabeduli, Rirseuli cxovrebisaTvis... aswavlidnen, diad saqmes, xSir SemTxvevaSi, sicocxlis gaRebac rom sWirdeba. msaxvrali xeli mainc daemCna ukeTurTagan Cvens wminda taZrebs, maTTan erTad, adamianTa sulebs...

ai, ras vkiTxulobT goris samazro aRmaskomis mier momzadebul erT-erT moxsenebaSi, sadac siamayiT iuwyebian: _ erTi dakvriT moispo TviT xalxis mier, maTi damRupveli religia da am mxriv maT didi damsaxureba ekuTvniT crumorwmunoebis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi. _ mTels mazraSi 217 eklesiidan daxurulia TviT xalxis mier 134 eklesia, amasTan erTad, bevr adgilas moispo dReobebi, sadac uricxvi xalxi ikrebda Tavs salocavad da dRes ki Tu ikribeba dReobebSi, mxolod da mxolod tradiciuli wesebis dasacavad da samxiarulod. zogierTa eklesiebi ukve gadakeTebulia raime kulturul dawesebulebad da aseTi survili, bevrgan aris. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #3 anaweri #2, saqme #27, furceli 19).

samwuxarod, nawilobriv miaRiwes kidec mizans, SeTiTxnili, yalbi moTxovnis safuZvelze. goris samazro aRmaskomis prezidiumis sxdomis oqmebidan:

goris raiaRmaskomis moxseneba sofel atocis glexebis saerTo krebis oqmis warmodgeniT, romelnic moiTxoven sofel atocis eklesiis TeatraT, an klubad gadakeTebas:

_ aRiZras Suamdgomloba saistorio siZveleTa komisiis winaSe, raTa atocis glexkacobis survili dakmayofilebul iqmnes da neba daerTos raiaRmaskoms, eklesiis Teatrad, an klubad gadakeTebas. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi, fondi #3, anaweri #2, saqme #27, furceli 80).

... mrevli arafriT ar Tmobda deda-eklesiebs, wminda samlocveloebs da iq davanebul siwmindeebs, samRvdeloebasTan erTad, rogorc arwivis quTuTo Tvals, ise icavda eklesia-monastrebs. goris mazris aRmasrulebeli komitetis masalebidan: 1923 w.

axalqalaqis TemSi arsebul, erTwmindis wminda estates saxelobis eklesiaSi mimdinare saeklesio nivTebis aRweris process, win aRudga soflis adgilobrivi mosaxleoba. _ `es aris gadmocemuli mRvdeli daviTaSvilis mier; _ vinaidan eklesiaSi Sesvlis saSualeba ar mogvces adgilobriv mcxovrebma dedakacebma, sadac darekes zari da mTeli sofeli Tavs dagvaxvies. es gasaxebi (gasaRebi _ v.S.) ar gamoaCines, karebebSi Cagvidgnen, amitom iZulebul viqeniT, marto es sia migveRo vercxlis nivTebisa, sxva sagnebis sia, ara gvaqvs. (goris adgilobrivi arqivi. fondi #2 anaweri #2, saqme #28, furceli 39).

ugumbaTod dgas sofel dicSi mdebare RvTismSoblis eklesia; rogorc irkveva eklesiisTvis gumbaTi komunistur epoqaSi, aTeistebs moungreviaT. bolSevikebs RvTismSoblis saxelobis taZris samreklodan, zaric CamouxsniaT, romelic dRemde, dicis skolaSi inaxeba. gasabWoebis Semdgom periodSi bolSevikebma, taZrebis daxurvis kvaldakval, saeklesio nivTebi,

saxelmwifo xazinas gadasces. _ dicix RvTismSoblis saxelobis taZari, moqmedi salocavi iyo. igi, gasabWoebis Semdeg, bolSevikebma gaauqmes, Tumca adgilobriv morwmuneTa ZalisxmeviT, aq wirva-locva, maleve aRadgines. me-20 saukunis dasawyisSi dicSi mosaxleobis registracia, qorwinebis, aseve dabadebulTa da gardacvlilTa aRnusxva, swored RvTismSoblis eklesiis specialur wignSi xdeboda. saeklesio nivTebis saxelmwifo xazinisaTvis gadacemas, rogorc irkveva, erTob mtkivneulad aRiqvamda mrevli, adgilobrivi mosaxleoba, romelTac mudam epirvelebodaT sarwmunoeba, uflis siyvaruli, siwmindeTa pativiscema. sofel dicSi SemorCenil siZveleTagan unda davasaxeloT mTavarangelozis eklesia, romelic dicSi mcxovreb xandazmulTa gadmocemiT, bolSevikTa aqtiur mxardamWerebs daungreviaT. xuTi eklesiaa sofel karaleTSi _ samebis, wminda giorgis, RvTismSoblis saxelobis ori eklesia, stafanwminda, aseve kviracxovlis niSi. uZvelesi savaraudod, soflad SemorCenili wminda giorgis saydari unda iyos. 15 welze metia, rac karaleTis samebis taZarSi, RvTismsaxureba ganaxlda, Tumc manamde, marTlac rom qariSxlebiT aRsavse aTwleulebi gadautania am eklesias. samreklodan zari CamouxsniaT, kolmeurneobis sawyobad gaumwesebiaT, Semdgom klubad gadaukeTebiaT da zed sakurTxevelze, filmebs uCvenebdnen... mogvianebiT sabavSvo baRisTvis gadauciaTa komunistebs Senoba, bolos ki samebis taZarSi, sasadilo moqmedebda. arqiteqturuli Zegli dgas sofel jariaSenis centrSi. taZarSi, me-19 saukunis meore naxevarSi mRvdeli _ petre gogiaSvili wiravda. dangrevis piras misula Zveli salocavi. msaxvralma droebam rac ver

daaklo, sabWoTa wlebma mouRo bolo; _ jer boslad aqcies, Semdeg Sxam-qimikatebis sawyobad gamoiyenes koleqtivizaciis dros. (moswavleTa mier momzadebuli samuzeumo proeqtidan _ `muzeumi bavSvebs~. programis koordinatori vaJa SaqaraSvili). es iyo gamanadgurebeli Sturmi, rogorc erovnuli kulturis, ise, TviT adamianurobis rogorc fenomenis, _ winaaRmdeg; _ daingra araerTi eklesia, Seilaxa mRvdelmsaxurTa Rirseba-uflebebi, safrTxis qveS dadga maTi sicocxle, xelhyves xelTuqmneli siwmindeni, wminda taZrebSi davanebuli saganZuri... da es yvelaferi, pirvelyovlisa, rwmeni, sulis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli saeklesio politikis nawili gaxldaT.

epilogis magier erT brZen iudevels uTqvams _ `bednieri var, rom ar maqvs ufleba didi Secdomisa, radgan me, patara eris Svili varo~. arc qarTvelebs gvaqvs didi Secdomis daSvebis ufleba da es Secdoma is urTierTsiZulvili, Suri da mtrobaa, didad sawyenad rom ikiTxeba 2030-iani wlebis goris istoriaSi. istoria, xSirad meordebao, _ uTqvamT. minda mwamdes, TqvenTan erTad mjerodes, msgavs siZulvils, sisastikes, aRar dauSvebs eri, qarTuli sazogadoeba, adamiani. _ gza saTnoebisaken, aravisTvisaa gadaRobili, yvelasTvis Riaa. igi yvelas uSvebs da yvelas iwvevs TavisTan: keTilSobilebs, ganTavisuflebul monebs, mefeebs, gaZevebulT. igi irCeva ara sisxlisa da cenzis

mixedviT, mas sWirdeba mxolod adamiani. gvmoZRvravs seneka. _ zecaSi moxvedra SeiZleba yoveli adgilidan. Cven SegviZlia, mxolod erTi: movikriboT umaRlesi simamace, Rirsi saTno adamianisa da misi daxmarebiT, Seuryvnelad gadavitanoT yvelaferi is, rac CvenTvis moaqvs beds. vaJa SaqaraSvili mwerali, publicisti.

P.S. samecniero saqmianobidan gamomdinare, wlebis manZilze miwevs goris adgilobriv arqivSi dacul dokumentebze muSaoba. SeuZlebelia madlierebis grZnoba ar gamovTqva aq moRvawe gaerTpirebul TanamSromelTa mimarT, romelTa Rvawli, damuxlisTavebuli maSvraloba, marTlac rom Semoqmedebaa didi; _ SesaniSnavad uwyian, _ Tu gveqna warsuli, romelsac Taobebi waikiTxaven, aucileblad gveqneba momavali. arqivSi yofnisas, Zalumad SeigrZnobT istoriis mcvelTa erTgulebas, erTsulovnebas, rac, rom pirvelyovlisa profesiisadmi siyvaruliT, TavdadebiTaa nakarnaxevi. direqtoris, qalbaton izolda buJRulaSvilis TavkacobiT, TanamSromelTa kohorta, saqarTvelosaTvis eTob krizisul, mRvrie periodebSic saimedo mcvelad daudga alags, sadac istoria cxovrobs da sunTqavs. gansakuTrebuli aRfrTovaneba, zeaRtaceba, madÂliÂ ereba msurs gamovxato arqivis ufrosi specialistis, qalbaton qeTevan maWaraSvilis mimarT! misi damajerebeli, guldinji, maRalinteleqtualuri saubari, Zalumad ipyrobs nacnob-ucnobTa, maT Soris mkvlevarTa yuradRebas. misTvis Tavisufali dro, ar arsebobs, amis dasturi, Tavadac gaxlavarT. swored amiTaa ganpirobebuli misi pirovnuli wonadoba, Tavad arqivis avtoriteti. arqivSi CamoRamebuli yoveli dRe, SinaarsiT dat-

virTuli, saqmiT damZimebuli cxovrebaa misi. TiToeuli axali sirTule, Zalumad avlens mis pirovnul Tvisebebs _ nebisyofis simtkices, swrafsazrianobas, sidinjes, nebismieri sakiTxis droul, gonivrulad mogvarebis unars. saarqivo saqmisadmi misi damokidebuleba, siyvarulis sazomi, erovnuli kulturis, qveynis istoriis uzomo siyvarulia. misi swamT, usmenen, endobian... misi qalbaton qeTevanis ZalisxmeviT istoriis sqeli mtveri gadaecala araerT faqts, movlenas, aqamomde ucnob, an naklebad cnobil ambavs, istorias. amavdroulad Rrma pativiscemas vudastureb profesor sergi makalaTias saxelobis goris istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis TanamSromlebs, mis direqtors, qalbaton TinaTin sosaniZes, fondebis mTavar mcvels, qalbaton iamze xomasuriZes, ganyofilebis gamges, qalbaton ekaterine ilariSvils da biblioTekars, qalbaton marine uTneliSvils Tanadgoma-mxardaWerisaTvis. . . . 80 wlovani istoria sunTqavs muzaTa did taZarSi, dRidan dasaZirkvlebisa wminda samlocvelod rom moevlina qalaqs, qveyanas... deda-xe, alamdari sauflo saqmis, didi ivane javaxiSvili gaxldaT. saqarTvelos istoriis mamam, goris istoriul-eTnografiuli muzeumis dafuZnebiT qarTuli kulturis imdagvari saZirkveli CaaduRaba, veranairma miwisZvram ver Searyia... ...da daiwyo aTerZva samuzeumo cxovrebis gorSi, dResac mZlavrad rom moismis majiscema mis wiaRidan, ...de, ase iyos mravalJamier! madloba Tqven, Zvirfaso megobrebo. pativiscemiT vaJa SaqaraSvili