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VOL. 21 | No. 6 | JUNE - 2019
Ÿ MSD animal health announces new leadership appointments Ÿ Anpario launches online store Ÿ Feed enzyme now available in europe after ec approval Ÿ Poultry companies vow to reduce plastic use Ÿ Global demand for poultry boosted by pig disease Ÿ Retailer waitrose removes black plastic from products, including poultry Ÿ Pastured poultry farming: soil health and sustainability Ÿ Arable farmers turning to free range chickens to secure future after brexit Ÿ Women in poultry: wendy lantz
From the Editor’s Desk Poultry Farmers & Breeders demands Government to drop notification on cages
OUR TEAM Vishal Rai Gupta Managing Director vishal@pixie.co.in Bhavana Gupta Editor-in-Chief
N.K. Gupta General Manager pcslkarnal@gmail.com
Aparna Mehmi Marketing Manager poultry.pcsl@gmail.com M: 999 170 5007
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HONORARY EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Mr. G.K. Rathinam Palani Tk, Dindugul Dist, Tamilnadu
Poultry Farmers and Breeders has urged the Government of India to immediately drop the notification called 'Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (egg-laying hens) Rules 2019 as it would have a 'adverse impact' on the entire poultry sector as both the organised and unorganised poultry farmers would end up giving up poultry farming, in due course of time. The rules by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare are to take effect early 2020. As per the rules, the size of the cages for poultry should not be less than 550 sq cm per bird and 6-8 birds per cage; use of antibiotics only for therapeutic use and under the supervision of a veterinarian; regular inspection of poultry farms by authorised personnel, who should follow proper bio-security protocols etc. The poultry sector has been given 5 years to switch over to new systems. The entire poultry farming community is of the opinion that it will not at all be feasible to implement the notification. There has to be 'relaxation of at least 15 years' for the farmers to switch over from old cages to new ones. He has cited that majority of the poultry farmers would have taken loans to install cages and asking them to switch over now would be further burdening them. The non-governmental organisations (NGOs) which have lobbied for the ban of cages have painted a very wrong picture of the poultry sector. Healthy birds mean healthy business for the poultry farmers and they have been continuously improving practices in farms to upkeep hygiene and other conditions. Bird losses for a farmer means loss of livelihood, hence the poultry farmer takes care of his or her poultry.”
Dr. J Tamizhkumaran M.VSc., PGDEP., Ph.D. (Ph. D in Veterinary & Animal Husbandry Extension Education)
Mr. S.S Rathore
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(MVSc Poultry Science IBRI, Izatnagar)
Dr. Manisha Singodia
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(MVSc Poultry Science, Jaipur)
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Dr. Annanda Das
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(Ph. D Scholar, WBUAFS, Kolkata)
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Dr. M. Arul Prakash (MVSc Assistant Professor, Tanjore)
Dr. B.L. Saini (Ph. D ICAR, Izatnangar)
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Editorial Policy is independent. Views expressed by authors are not necessarily held by the editors. Registered as Newspaper by Registrar of Newspaper for India : RNI No. 71668/99 Editorial & Advertisement may not be reproduced without the written consent of the publishers. Whilst every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of the contents of Poultry Planner the publishers do not accept any responsibility or liability for the material herein. Publication of news, views of information is in the interest of positive poultry industrial development in India. It does not imply publisher’s endorsement. Unpublished material of industrial interest, not submitted elsewhere, is invited. The submitted material will not be returned. Publisher, Printer Mrs. Bhavana Gupta on behalf of Pixie Publication India (P) Ltd. Karnal Printed at Jaiswal Printing Press, Railway Road, Karnal Published at : C/o OmAng Hotel, Namaste Chowk, Near Janta Petrol Pump, KARNAL - 132001 (Haryana) INDIA Editor-in-Chief : Mrs. Bhavana Gupta All Legal matters are subject to karnal jurisdiction
INDEX
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Features...
Departments...
06 EDITORIAL
25 NEWS
08 ADVERTISEMENT INDEX
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42 RECIPE
UPCOMING EVENTS
Articles... POULTRY BY-PRODUCTS AND ITS UTILIZATION
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Dr. Vandita Mishra INTRINSIC PARAMETERS THAT AFFECT MICROBIAL GROWTH IN POULTRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS
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Dr. Neha Thakur
EFFICACY OF FRANKOLIN (TIAMULIN 10%) & BREMULIN 80 (TIAMULIN 80%) ON EGG PRODUCTION IN LAYERS ..
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Dr. S Muthukumar
LIGHT MANAGEMENT FOR THE WELFARE OF BROILERS
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Dr. S Udhayavel
Advanced Bio Agro Tech Ltd
43
AWP (Mix Oil)
24
B.V. Bio-Corp Pvt. Ltd.
07
Huvepharma
44
Indian Herbs Spec. Pvt. Ltd.
13
Indian Tr. Bureau Pvt. Ltd.
41
K. K. Kansal Polyvin Pvt. Ltd. (Awon Plastic)
15
Natural Herbs
09
Natural Remdies
33
Nutrient Bio-Agro Tech Pvt. Ltd.
03
Promois
19
Sai Krishna Poultry Equipments
39
Venky’s
17
Ventri Biologicals
02
Vetphage Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd.
04
Zoetis India Ltd.
11
Zydus
05
AVIAN INFLUENZA: AN EMERGING VIRAL DISEASE
23
Dr. K Manimaran
Press Release
24 FRENCH VETERINARIAN THROWS LIGHT ON REDUCING MORTALITY RATE IN POULTRY SECTOR
25 KARNATAKA POULTRY FARMERS AND BREEDERS ASSOCIATION DEMANDS GOVERNMENT TO DROP NOTIFICATION ON CAGES
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39 POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
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POULTRY BY-PRODUCTS AND ITS UTILIZATION
Introduction India is bestowed with vast livestock wealth and it is growing at the rate of 6% per annum. India is rich in its livestock wealth with a population of 529 million and 729 million poultry. There is increase in the contribution of livestock to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of country which accounts for more than 17.5% of total agricultural sector and more than 4.5% of GDP (BAH & FS, 2012). Meat production is estimated at7.4 million tonnes/year with per capita availability 2.96 kg/year, (DADF, 2017) in India and showing significant progress in meat production.In which major contribution in meat production is by poultry meat i.e. nearly about 47.05% of meat production. As poultry sector in India is rapid growing and flexible sector among livestock sector, which draws our attention towards by-product processing/utilization by which the poultry industry can stay economically competitive with vegetable protein source.The current export value of Poultry Products is to the tune of around Rs. 532 crore in 2016-17. At present the cost of live animal often
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exceeds the selling price of its carcass; so it requires collecting the expense of slaughter and generating the profit for the meat slaughtering operation from the by-products.
economic lossescaused to the nation, yet some estimates put it as Rs.1,000crore/annum from slaughter houses and Rs.600 crores fromdead and fallen animals.
By-product production is nearly half of carcass weight, demanding need for processing poultry by-products and utilization. Usually by-products are dumped in open areas results into environmental pollution and transmission of disease. If these wastes are utilized properly in by-product processing plant,it will contribute a lot to the national economy and helps in sustaining livelihood.Major items exported are table eggs, egg powder, hatching eggs, SPF eggs, live birds, and poultr y meat. Byproducts like giblets, liver, and liver extract, deboned meat for airline industry, chicken gizzard pickle, feather meal, poultry byproduct meal from inedible portions as a source for poultry feed etc.The animal byproducts fetch 10-15% of the value of the live animal in advanced countries and proper utilizationcontributes significantly to the profitability of meat business as it maycosts of slaughter house operations or even morethus benefiting the farmers, processor and consumers.Export value of edible offals from different livestock species of India was estimated to be54,751 lakh as per BAHS, 2014. The yield of animal byproducts ranges between 50-60% of the live weight. It accounts formore than 10 million MT of edible and inedible by-products. Though no reliable data is available on the
Poultry by-products By -product of poultry processing may be defined as everything obtained from processing plant,except dressed meat. By-products are categorized as edible and inedible.Likewise, visceral organs such as liver,gizzard, heart which used for edible purpose are belongs to edible by-product. Inedible by-product includes blood, feathers, inedible offal, G.I.tract, shanks, head etc. These are different poultry by-products with their uses in table 1.
Poultry by-product meal Poultry by-product meal is one of the most important source of animal protein used to feed domestic animals, along with meat and bone meal, blood meal, feather meal and fish meal . It can be manufactured by dr y or wet rendering of ground clean parts of the carcass, such as condemned chickens, racks from deboning operations,head, feet, underdeveloped eggs, and viscera but excluding feathers, except in trace amounts as might occur in normal processing procedures. The final
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product is usually used in pet food b e c a u s e of i t s l i g h t c o l o r a n d palatability.The nutrient content of poultr y by-product meal can be variable and depends on the how it is being processed and it determines the value of the end products, therefore we can say as “Rendering is not waste handling it’s nutrient management". Eggshells: 11% of total egg weight is of eggshell which are processed by egg breaking plants and commercial hatcheries.The inedible egg white material is used as technical albumin, usually for adhesives. Egg shell meal can also be prepared and it is better way of utilization.Composting has been conducted with eggshell hatchery products or the residue from the spinning operation and may be used in potting soil or in farming where high calcium is required. Blood: Animal blood has a high level of protein and iron, and is an important edible by-product. Blood proteins are approximately 10% of the total protein content of an animal.Animal blood has many uses in the food, feed, laboratory, medical, industrial, and fertilizer areas, and some of these uses are summarized in Table 2. Mixed poultry byproduct meal Mixed poultry byproduct meal is a mixture of blood, offal, and feathers, in natural proportions that have been rendered and dried. Sometimes excess fat is removed.It is used mainly for pet food. Mixed poultry byproduct meal is more difficult and takes longer to process than other meals but is better balanced nutritionally. 12
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Poultry grease: Poultry grease is extracted from poultry offal. It is generally darker in color and lower in grade than fat collected from beef, pork, or lamb. Poultry oil: Poultry oil is oil that is removed from poultry byproduct meal with a screw immediately after cooking. The removal improves the handling characteristics of the poultrybyproduct meal. The oil is an excellent energy source and enhances the palatability of pet food. Environmental impact Processing poultry by-products into feed is a good way to mitigate the environmental problems caused by poultry processing. If not properly managed poultry offals released in the environment are vectors for insects, vermin, bacteria and viruses, which may result in water contamination (leaching of nutrients and pathogenic microorganisms) and air pollution (noxious gases and nuisance odorants). Conclusion Non-utilization or underutilization of
by-products not only lead to loss of potential revenues but also lead to the added and increasing cost of disposal of these products. Traditions, culture and religion are often important when a meat by-product is being utilized for food. Regulatory requirements are also important because many countries restrict the use of meat by-products for reasons of food safety and quality. P ro v i s i o n s s h o u l d b e m a d e f o r improved method of dressing, evisceration, safe disposal of waste products, control of odours, curbing activities of illegal slaughtering of animals, provisions of dry rendering plants and modernization of slaughter houses. Moreover, bioactivepeptides isolated from the meat by-products can be used in functional foods for the prevention of hear t and mental healthproblems and obesity. Edible meat byproducts are claimed to have high nutritional value as compared to the lean meat.Organ meats can be used for human consumption, animal feed production and medicinal purposes after proper treatmentand processing.
Vandita Mishra, Shalu Swami, V. Dhinesh Kumar, and R.K. Jaiswal Division of Livestock Products Technology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh
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INTRINSIC PARAMETERS THAT AFFECT MICROBIAL GROWTH IN POULTRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS about 7.4 to about 5.6, depending on the type of animal. Nutrients
Introduction Poultry and poultry products like other meat products are highly perishable commodities that harbour a wide array of microorganisms which may be both spoilage or pathogenic in nature. This invasion by microbes is affected by both external and internal parameters that make up the surroundings of the egg. The external factors include temperature, humidity, external environment etc. Here in this article the internal/intrinsic parameters that play an important role in prevention of microbial growth in the cell are discussed. The parameters of plant and animal tissues that are an inherent part of the tissues are referred to as intrinsic parameters. These parameters are as follows: pH It has been well established that most microorganisms grow best at pH values around 7.0 (6.6-7.5), whereas few grow below 4.0. Bacteria tend to be more fastidious in their relationships to pH than molds and yeasts, with the pathogenic bacteria being the most 14
fastidious. With respect to pH minima and maxima of microorganisms, those represented in Figure 3-1 should not be taken to be precise boundaries, as the a c t u a l va l u e s a re k n o w n to b e dependent on other growth parameters. For example, the pH minima of certain lactobacilli have been shown to be dependent on the type of acid used, with citric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, and tartaric acids permitting growth at a lower pH value than acetic or lactic acids. In the presence of 0.2 M NaCl, Alcaligenes faecalis has been shown to grow over a wider pH range than in the absence of NaCl or in the presence of 0.2M sodium citrate. With respect to the keeping quality of poultry meat, it is well known that meat from fatigued animals spoils faster than that from rested animals and that this is a direct consequence of final pH attained upon completion of rigor mortis. Upon the death of a well-rested meat animal, the usual 1% glycogen is converted into lactic acid, which directly causes a depression in pH values from
Poultry products are rich in proteins, lipids, minerals and vitamins but poor in c a r b o h y d r a t e s . M i c ro o rg a n i s m s normally found in egg vary greatly in nutrient requirement with bacteria requiring the most followed by yeast and molds. Microbes do have significant variances when it comes to the source, chemical form and the amount they will need. Most organisms require CO2 for certain biosynthetic reactions. Some organisms require high concentration (5-10%) to grow well. H2O is a major nutrient. Growth ceases whenever an essential nutrient is exhausted, be it energy source, nitrogen sources or growth factor. Moisture Content The preservation of eggs by drying is a direct consequence of removal or binding of moisture, without which microorganisms do not grow. It is now generally accepted that the water requirements of microorganisms should be described in terms of the water activity (aw) in the environment. This parameter is defined by the ratio of the water vapor pressure of egg substrate to the vapour pressure of pure water at the same temperature— aw = p/po, where p is the vapour pressure of the solution and po is the vapour pressure of the solvent (usually water). This concept is related to relative humidity (RH) in the following way: RH = 100 x aw.20 Pure water has an aw of 1.00, a 22% NaCl solution (w/v) has an aw of 0.86, and a saturated solution of NaCl has an aw of 0.75. The aw of most fresh foods is above 0.99. In general, bacteria require higher values of aw for growth than fungi, with gram-
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negative bacteria having higher requirements than gram positives. Most spoilage bacteria do not grow below aw = 0.91, whereas spoilage molds can grow as low as 0.80. With respect to foodpoisoning bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus has been found to grow as low as 0.86, whereas Clostridium botulinum does not grow below 0.94. Just as yeasts and molds grow over a wider pH range than bacteria, the same is true for aw. The lowest reported value for bacteria of any type is 0.75 for halophilic (literally, "saltloving") bacteria, whereas xerophilic ("dryloving") molds and osmophilic (preferring high osmotic pressures) yeasts have been reported to grow at aw values of 0.65 and 0.61, respectively. When salt is employed to control aw, an extremely high level is necessary to achieve aw values below 0.80. Approximate Minimum aw Values for Growth of Microorganisms Important in Foods
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environment while anaerobes cannot. As aerobes grow, O2 in the medium is depleted, resulting in the lowering of Eh. Growth is not slowed, however, as much as might be expected due to the ability of cells to make use of O2-donating or hydrogen-accepting substances in the medium. The result is that the medium becomes poorer in oxidizing and richer in reducing substances.51 The Eh of a medium can be reduced by microorganisms by their production of certain metabolic byproducts such as H2S, which has the capacity to lower Eh to -300 mV Because H2S reacts readily with O2, it will accumulate only in anaerobic environments. Eh is dependent on the pH of the substrate, and the direct relationship between these two factors is the rH value defined in the following way:
Antimicrobial Constituents The stability of some foods against attack by microorganisms is due to the presence of certain naturally occurring substances that have been shown to have antimicrobial activity. Some species are known to contain essential oils that possess antimicrobial activity. Among these are eugenol in cloves, allicin in garlic, cinnamic aldehyde and eugenol in cinnamon, allyl isothiocyanate in mustard, eugenol and thymol in sage, and car vacrol (isothymol) and thymol in oregano. Cow's milk contains several antimicrobial substances, including lactoferrin, conglutinin, and the lactoperoxidase system. Biological Structures The natural covering i.e. the egg shell provides excellent protection against the entry and subsequent damage by spoilage organisms. Once cracked, of course, eggs are subject to spoilage by molds. The outer shell and membranes of eggs, if intact, prevent the entry of nearly all microorganisms when stored under the proper conditions of humidity and temperature. Conclusion
where R = 8.315 joules, F = 96,500 coulombs, and T is the absolute temperature.53 Therefore, the pH of a substrate should be stated when Eh is given. Normally Eh is taken at pH 7.0 (expressed Eh'). When taken at pH 7.0, 25°C, and with all concentrations at 1.0M, Eh = Eh'o (simplified Nernst equation). In nature, Eh tends to be more negative under progressively alkaline conditions.
Taken together, these six intrinsic parameters represent nature's way of preserving plant and animal tissues from microorganisms. By determining the extent to which each exists in a given food, one can predict the general types of microorganisms that are likely to grow and, consequently, the overall stability of this particular food. Their determination may also aid one in determining age and possibly the handling history of a given food.
Eh Effects Microorganisms affect the Eh of their environments during growth just as they do pH. This is true especially of aerobes, which can lower the Eh of their
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Dr. Neha Thakur Assistant Professor, Dept of Livestock Products Technology Apollo College Of Veterinary Medicine
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EFFICACY OF FRANKOLIN (TIAMULIN 10%) & BREMULIN 80 (TIAMULIN 80%) ON EGG PRODUCTION IN LAYERS OF NAMAKKAL REGION: CUSTOMER FEEDBACK REPORT Introduction: The modern strains of commercial layer chicken with their genetic potential to lay greater number of eggs during laying period make them susceptible to different types of reproductive tract disorders. In Namakkal, most of the layer farms are affected with Mycoplasmosis, which causes severe production drop and egg shell apex abnormalities leading to huge economic losses. Zydus AH has devised LMC program based on baseline titer level of Mycoplasma synoviae in IDEXX platform, unique pharmacokinetic properties of pleuromutilin derivates and robust monitoring tool to reduce risk of mycoplasmosis in layers. The present review is customer feedback report of LMC program highlighting efficacy of Frankolin (Tiamulin 10%) and Bremulin 80 (Tiamulin 80%) in layers of Namakkal region. Mycoplasmosis – Briefreview Mycoplasmas are members of the class Mollicutes, Order I, Mycoplasmatales. Genus I, Mycoplasma, has more than 120species, a DNA G+C content of 23–40%, a genome size of 600–1350 kb, requires cholesterol for growth, occurs in humans and animals, and has a usual optimum growth temperature of37°C. Avian mycoplasmosis is mostly caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and M. synoviae (MS), were most important to cause clinical and economical losses. MG infection is a chronic respiratory disease of chickens and causes infectious sinusitis in turkeys. Symptoms include respiratory rales, coughing, nasal discharges and, in 18
turkeys, frequently include sinusitis. MS infection is commonly known as infectious synovitis, an acute-tochronic disease for chickens and turkeys involving primarily the synovial membranes of joints and tendons sheaths. However, during recent years, MS has been less frequently associated with synovitis, while, more incidences of egg-shell apex abnormalities and egg production drop were caused by emerging salpingotropic (oviduct tropism) MS strains(Khalifa et al., 2013).Transmission of the etiological agent occurs through transovarian route, respiratory aerosols and direct contact. Following infection birds become persistently infected with MS and remain carriers for life. With the expansion of poultry farms and the concentration of large, multiage p ro d u c t i o n c o m p l e xe s w i t h i n a restricted geographic area, it is becoming more difficult to maintain flocks that are free of MS. It is leading to tremendous economic losses in poultry production as a result of decreased hatchability and egg production, reduced quality of day-old chicks, reduced growth rate, increased costs of eradication procedures (site cleaning and depopulation), and increased costs of m e d i c a t i o n a n d va c c i n a t i o n (Ferguson-Noel and Williams, 2015). Effect of Tiamulin on Mycoplasmosis Tiamulin hydrogen fumarate is a
s e m i s y n t h e t i c d e r i va t i ve of t h e diterpene antibiotic pleuromutilin (Egger and Reinshagen, 1976) and is effectively used in the treatment of airsacculitis, which is primarily caused by Mycoplasma spp. Recently, MIC data from Europe (Pridmore, 2008) on 32 isolates of M. gallisepticum and 21 isolates of M.synoviae showed that Tiamulin was highly active against these etiological agents. After oral gavage of the medicine at 25 and 50 mg/kg of BW, Tiamulin rapidly reaches peak serum concentrations of 1.7 and 3.6 μg/mL, respectively, in chickens at about 2 h; the levels declined over a 12- and 24-h period depending on dose (Laber and Schutze, 1977).With predominance of salpingotropic MS strain (oviduct tropism), it has become indispensable to select anti having higher tissue distribution in genital organs besides respirator y tract. In this context, following are the tissue distribution analysis of two leading classes of antibiotics. T i a m u l i n h a s i m p re s s i v e t i s s u e distribution in both respiratory & genital organs where in later it has highest tissue distribution. In laying & breeder hen, 50% deposits in its active form (Tiamulin) and 8 -alphahydroxymutilin, hence, effectively counteracts MS tropism in oviduct and thereby production drop. In addition, advantage of least MIC value range POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
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(either Bremulin 80 or Frankolin) where post adoption egg production improvements were classified into three categories, viz, >5 %, 3 – 5% and< 3%. In summary, > 5%, 3-5% and < 3% improvement in egg production were recorded in 14, 26and 6 batchesrespectively. The success rate of prediction for MS infection status based on baseline titer level > 10000 (IDEXX) and thereby positive response to treatment accounted to 97.8%. Conclusion
against different M.synoviaeisolates as 0.006 – 0.5, Tiamulin is proven to be least resistant over longer duration (Valk and Burch, 2002; Islam et al., 2009). Only Tiamulin residues in egg do not conflict with human food chain as it (pleuromutilin) is not used in human antibiotic medication. On the contrary, antimycoplasma agents like Tylosin, Tilmicosin&Tylvalosin poses resistance threats through its residues below MIC value over longer duration and higher trends of cross resistance (macrolides for human use). Layer Mycoplasma Control program: An overview in Namakkal Zydus AH has devised layer mycoplasma control (LMC) program based on critical baseline titer against MS in IDEXX platform, unique pharmacokinetic proper ties of pleuromutilin &macrolides in combination at different phases of layer and robust monitoring tool as tracker.
The value proposition of the program for layers are immense in terms of efficacy, return on investment and avoidance of resistance by preventing indiscriminate use of antibiotics during rearing period. The program stresses on periodic monitoring of MS infection status in flock and treatment in right dosage is recommended only wheninfection status (titer) crosses the critical baseline for MS. Layer mycoplasma control (LMC) program has been successfully adopted by many layer farms in India with impressive customer satisfaction and feedback. In Namakkal, total 13 farms and 47 batches used adopted LMC program
Dr. S Muthukumar Technical Manager-Zydus AH, Namakkal
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Namakkal contributes largely to egg production in India. The tremendous pace of growth in egg production also accounts for simultaneous losses owing to uncontrolled proliferation of Mycoplasma synoviae (salpingotropic strains) in laying hens. Furthermore, the interactions of Newcastle Disease Virus, Infectious Bronchitis Virus, Mycotoxinswith Mycoplasma synoviae worsen production losses in layers. In this context, Zydus AH devised LMC program strategically control mycoplasma in chicks, growers and layers through right combination of antibiotics at therapeutic concentration and evaluation of stressors (interaction of NDV, IBV, Mycotoxins & managemental problems) in flock beyond mycoplasmosis with periodic monitoring.
In India’s most preferred poultry magazines POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
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LIGHT MANAGEMENT FOR THE WELFARE OF BROILERS
The main welfare issues which have been addressed in the last two decades are closely linked with the fast early growth rate: high susceptibility to metabolic disorders and low locomotor activity. Among the management measures which have elicited criticism from the welfare point of view are in first line stocking density, litter quality and ammonia concentration in the air. In addition inadequate light duration and intensity and lack of environmental stimuli are considered to compromise welfare conditions. Light Continuous light regimes allow the birds to feed continuously throughout the day. Earlier experiments have shown that growth rate and feed conversion were better under continuous light than under a natural day-night regime. Short light-dark-rhythms produced similar effects on the performance as continuous light. There was a positive effect of extended dark periods with regard to leg problems, mortality and metabolic disorders, but growth rate was reduced by this treatment. It is known that chickens, under extended dark phases, develop a circadian rhythm with increased feed intake before the beginning of the dark phase. It is also known that broilers start eating in the dark, when extended dark phases are introduced. It seems, however, that young broilers are not able to fully compensate for the shortened light periods. Thomsen (1989) kept broilers at 12:12 hours (light: dark) from 3 to 21 21
days of age and at continuous light thereafter. Growth rate was delayed under the 12:12 hrs light-dark cycle. Full compensation occurred at 49 days of age only. When intermittent lighting of 1 hour light: 3 hrs darkness have been compared with nearly continuous light (23 hrs light:1 hr darkness) compensation of growth rate was observed in males, but not in females. Sorensen et al. (1999) found reduced incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia but no improvement of walking ability, when extended dark periods where provided between 3 and 21 days of age. It has been shown that the light programme influences the level and diurnal pattern of the locomotor activity of the chickens. Simons and Haye (1978) measured the activity of broilers under continuous and intermittent light regimes. The total activity was higher when continuous light was given, and the activity was evenly distributed throughout the day. Under intermittent lighting conditions using short light-dark-cycles episodes of high locomotor activity occurred during the short light periods. These short periods of high activity did positively influence leg conditions Reiter and Bessei (2002) measured the locomotor activity of broilers under quasi continuous light (23 hrs light : 1h dark) and 16 hrs light : 8 hrs dark. The average activity level in the light phase increased as the duration of light decreased. In the same experiment it was shown that broilers under 23 hrs light : 1 h dark did not develop a circadian activity patters, while those under 8hrs dark : 16 hrs light did. The development of circadian rhythms is considered an important indicator of welfare in domestic animals. Therefore clear day- night light programmes, which enable the expression of the diurnal rhythms, play an important role
in the recommendations of animalfriendly livestock systems. It seems that more than one hour darkness is required for this purpose. 8 hrs of darkness obviously allow the development of the rhythm, but it is not known so far, whether this is the minimum time of light required. It has also to be considered in this context, that these results are based on the activity of groups of birds. It is generally known that the light cycles do not generate rhythms, but synchronise endogenous rhythms with different basic frequencies. It is possible that individual circadian rhythms even under continuous light. They may remain undetected in the group data because of lacking synchronisation. The requirement for light was investigated by Savory and Duncan (1982) who trained broilers to operate a light switch. When the birds were offered to switch the light on in a dark environment (1 to 3 min of light per response) they realised a light period of about 20% of the time of day. When the programme allowed switching off the light in a light environment the time of darkness was less than 1%, and when they could switch the light on and off the duration of light was more than 80 percent of the time budget. Berk (1995) reported that broilers, when they were given free choice between a light and dark, the time spent in the dark increased with age. Light intensity, wave length and source of light can influence the activity of broilers. High light intensity (180 vs. 6 lux) increased the locomotor activity and reduced leg problems in 6 week old broilers (Newberry et al., 1988). The positive effect of light intensity disappeared at 9 weeks of age. In another experiment using 2 and 200 lux tibial bowing was higher at the high light intensity (Gordon and Thorp, 1994). POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
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the activity of chickens. Their impact on leg problems and welfare, however, has still to be investigated.
Despite the higher locomotor activity at high light intensity there was no negative effect on growth rate and feed conversion. This is in contrast to earlier results where high light intensity was found to reduce growth and deteriorate feed conversion rate (Proudfoot and Sefton, 1978). Prayitino et al. (1997) reported that high intensity of red light stimulated the activity of broilers. Boshouwers and Nicaise (1993) found that high frequency UV light produced higher activity in laying hens as compared to low frequency UV light. High light intensities and particular light sources show some potential to increase
Chickens kept on continuous light ( fl u o re s c e n t a n d i n c a n d e s c e n t ) , continuous darkness or under dim light developed ocular enlargement and shallow anterior chamber s .The intraocular pressure was not influenced by the light treatment (Whitley et al., 1984; Li et al., 1995). Similar results have been reported in turkey poults by Davis et al.(1986). The continuous light effect on the chicken eye could be avoided by providing at least 4 hours of darkness in one block at the same time of the day (Li et al., 2000). In most studies of light on the chicken eye chicks of layer strains
have been used. Troilo et al. (1995) found significant differences in the reaction of different strains to different light schedules. Therefore the extension of the above mentioned results on broiler chicks must be considered with reservations. Conclusion In conclusion the welfare problems of broilers are caused by factors which enable fast early growth, such as genetic background and extended lighting programmes. Fast growing lines under continuous light programmes decrease their locomotor activity and increase the time spent sitting with age.
Dr. S. Udhayavel¹ and Dr.V. Boopathi² ¹Assistant Professor, Poultry Disease Diagnosis and Surveillance, ²Department of Livestock Production Management, Veterinary College and Research Institute Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University
BENEFITS OF EATING EGGS 5. 1.
2.
3.
4.
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Instant Energy An egg can provide you instant energy and it takes only 1 to 2 hours to digest. A 100 g.ms of egg contains 155 calories, which provides energy to your body instantly. Sharp You're Mind Egg has Omega-3 Fatty Acid and Vitamin B-12 in it, which is good enough for our brain. This Vitamin helps to enhance our Memory Power. Good For Eyes It found in research that the aged people who have 2 eggs daily, they have good eye sights. Vitamin-A is good for our eyes and this Vitamin is available in the egg. Breast Cancer Research of Harvard University shows that consuming eggs reduces the chances of
6.
Breast Cancer. Women who consumes 6 to 8 eggs every week, helps to stop the Breast Cancer. Build Muscle If you do exercise or go to gym and you are not gaining muscle, so you must eat egg. Egg is a good source of protein, which is helpful in Build the Muscle and Gaining Weight. Therefore if you want to build your Body so consume two to six eggs (Based on how much workout you do). Do not eat yolk (yellow inner part of the egg) too much. Good for Bones One to two eggs should be given to the small and growing children, because eggs contain Vitamin-D in enough quantity, which makes our bones strong.
7.
Healthy Hair Do you know that our hairs and nails built with protein? Eating eggs can make our hair growth better. There are Sulpher, Vitamin-B and B-12 available in the egg that helps in better growth of our hairs.
8.
Good for Pregnancy Consuming egg daily fulfills the ¼ shortness of Vitamin and Minerals that a Pregnant Lady needs and helps in perfect growth of the child.
9.
Keep Body Warm
You would have observed that in Winter Season demand of egg exceeds, because egg contains enough heat in it which protects our body from cold in winter season. 10. Any Time Last but not the least; Egg can be consumed by cooking it anywhere, anytime you want. It takes less time and money to cook. And if you can get the Brown Eggs that will be great, as it can be the best diet. 11. Reduced Risk of Heart Disease Egg consumption appears to change the pattern of LDL particles from small, dense LDL (bad) to large LDL, which is linked to a reduced heart disease risk.
POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
ARTICLE
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AVIAN INFLUENZA: AN EMERGING VIRAL DISEASE Introduction
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Respiratory rales, coughing
Samples to be collected
Avian influenza is a highly contagious viral disease of poultry affecting respiratory, digestive and nervous system.
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Decreased egg production to total cessation
From Live birds Ÿ
Nasal swab (Minimum 10 nos.)
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Cyanosis of comb and wattles
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Cloacal swab (Minimum 10 nos.)
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Swelling of head, eyelids, comb, wattles and hocks
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Droppings (Minimum 10 nos.)
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Hemorrhage on feet and shank
Serum (Minimum 10 nos.)
Ÿ Ÿ
Ophisthotonus, Torticolis
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Tremors in head and neck
Cause Influenza type A virus ; family Orthomyxoviridae . There are 16 H subtypes (H1, H2, H3 …H16) and 9 N subtypes ( N,N2, N3….N9).The serotypes including H5 and H7 are associated with disease in poultry. Transmission Ÿ
Direct contact between infected and susceptible bird
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Contact with carrier migratory wild birds, water fowls and exotic captive birds
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Aerosol
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Ingestion of feed and water contaminated with infected birds feces
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Mechanical transmission through contaminated vehicle, personnel and equipments Insects and rodents may mechanically transmit the virus from infected to susceptible poultry
Clinical signs
Post mortem lesions Low pathogenic avian influenza Ÿ
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Loss of appetite
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Depression and droopiness
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Decreased egg production
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Coughing, sneezing, rales
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Lacrymation
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Hurdling
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Diarrhoea
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Mortality <5%
High pathogenic avian influenza Ÿ
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Sudden death and mortality may reach up to 100%
Trachea, lungs, air sacs, intestine, spleen, kidney, brain, liver and heart in PBS and in 10% formalin from at least 5 birds. Prevention and Control
Edema and congestion of tracheal mucosa
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Serous to caseous tracheal exudates
Reduce the contact between wild and domestic birds
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Discourage co- culture of swine, ducks, turkey and chicken
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Air sacculitis
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Swollen infra-orbital sinuses
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Strict quarantine of the infected flock
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Fibrinopurulent bronchopneumonia as a result of secondary bacterial infection
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Restrict the movement of personnel, equipment and vehicle
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Depopulation of the infected birds
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Straw-colored fluid in the subcutaneous tissues
All carcass and litter materials should be buried at below 6' and closed with alternate layer of lime and sand
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Feed materials should be burnt
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Haemorrhage on feet and shank
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Hemorrhages in the trachea, p ro v e n t r i c u l u s , b e n e a t h t h e lining of the gizzard and in intestine
Strict bio-security measures should be followed in the entire farm premises
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Disinfectant spray like Vircon or Korshlin –TH should be used on infected premises for twice in a day
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Flaming may be carried out to disinfect cages
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Provide foot bath and wheel bath at the farm premises
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Regression of ovaries and hemorrhages in ovarian follicle
High pathogenic avian influenza Ÿ
Low pathogenic avian influenza Ÿ
From dead birds
Ÿ
Hemorrhages in the heart, abdominal fat, pancreas, Peyer's patches and in muscle along the breast bone,heart, gizzard fat, and abdominal fat
K. Manimaran*, S. Balakrishnan, A. Sangeetha and M. Dhanalakshmi Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Orathanadu
POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
PRESS RELEASE
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FRENCH VETERINARIAN THROWS LIGHT ON REDUCING MORTALITY RATE IN POULTRY SECTOR Bangalore,03 May 2019: Veterinary expert Dr. Fenny ledieu from France the importance of early nutrition in a technical seminar organised by the Karnataka Poultry Farmers and Breeders Association (KPFBA) hatching is a critical period when the day old chick takes to lung breathing and starts moving to comfort zone and also towards water and feed. For this process provide proper ventilation, nutritious feed and clean water. With this gastrointestinal tract (an immunity boosting organ) become stronger so that early chick mortality can be reduced in turn chicks withstand adverse environmental condition healthy growth. With mortality rates of day old chicks in India said to be high compared to the developed nations, Dr. Fanny Ledieu further said, “The mortality rate could be considerably brought down with early feeding of nutrition and ‘clean water’. Though the mortality rate had come down from what it was in 1983 to 2017, there are still challenges at the hatchery level and also in transportation which need to be resolved.
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"If the transportation time of chicks is over four hours, there should be controlled atmosphere in the trunk . If there are issues with transportation, the risk of losing the chicks was high or there would be weight loss", added Dr. Fanny Ledieu Dr. H.B. Nataraja, Commercial Nutritionist, Higain Feeds said,"With early chicks nutrition, the mortality rate would come down from 0.15 to 0.05 per cent, while breast meat yield would go up."poultry farmers in India, he said, should stimulate the intial feed consumption. Underscoring the importance of early nutrition, he said that it would lead to development of digestive organs of the chicks by 600 per cent. Dr. P.Nallappa, Chairman, Technical Committee, KPFBA said," It is important to intoduce best practices in the Indian poultry sector and early nutrition is one of the factors to enhance India's poultry production." The President of KPFBA, Mr. K.S. Akhilesh Babu said,"KPFBA would be organising series of such seminars to give insights to the poultry farmer on how to improve the stock and add to the nation's wealth."
About KPFBA Karnataka Poultr y Farmers & Breeders Association [KPFBA] is an Apex body, representing Poultry Farmers & Breeders of Karnataka, India. It was established in 1991 to promote the development of poultry breeding and farming in Karnataka, where the occupation is a major activity. The association is registered under the Karnataka Societies Act 196, u/s 12 A (a) 80G of the Income-tax Act 1961. KPFBA aims at providing facilities for exchange of information and opinion of interest to poultry breeding farms and poultry farmers. It believes in the advantages of united action to accomplish goals where individuals will not be in a position to accomplish on their own. For More Information Inayath Ulla Khan KPFBA E: ikhan@poultrykarnataka.net M: 9886730997 Amika Limbu Equator Consultants E: amika@equatormpr.com M: 9108558562
POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
PRESS RELEASE
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KARNATAKA POULTRY FARMERS AND BREEDERS ASSOCIATION DEMANDS GOVERNMENT TO DROP NOTIFICATION ON CAGES Ÿ
Immediate switch-over to new systems will not be feasible for Poultry farmers
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Central Avian Research Institute also endorses view of Poultry farmers
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Poultry production to be hit, protein availability will reduce
Bangalore, 10 June 2019 The Karnataka Poultry Farmers and Breeders Association (KPFBA) has urged the Government of India to immediately drop the notification called 'Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (egg-laying hens) Rules 2019 as it would have a 'adverse impact' on the entire poultry sector as both the organised and unorganised poultry farmers would end up giving up poultry farming, in due course of time. The rules by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare are to take effect early 2020. As per the rules, the size of the cages for poultry should not be less than 550 sq cm per bird and 6-8 birds per cage; use of antibiotics only for therapeutic use and under the supervision of a veterinarian; regular inspection of poultr y farms by authorised personnel, who should follow proper bio-security protocols etc. The poultry sector has been given 5 years to switch over to new systems. The KPFBA President, K.S. Akhilesh Babu said,“ The entire poultry farming community is of the opinion that it will not at all be feasible to implement the notification.” The KPFBA has sought more time to switch over to new cage systems. This view has been endorsed by the Director of the Central Avian Research Institute of the Indian Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR), Dr. A.B.Mondal who in a letter to the government has said there has to be 'relaxation of at least 15 years' for the farmers to switch over from old cages to new ones. He has cited that majority of the poultry farmers would 25
have taken loans to install cages and asking them to switch over now would be further burdening them. Mr. Akhilesh Babu further said, “The non-governmental organisations (NGOs) which have lobbied for the ban of cages have painted a very wrong picture of the poultry sector. Healthy birds mean healthy business for the poultry farmers and they have been continuously improving practices in farms to upkeep hygiene and other conditions. Bird losses for a farmer means loss of livelihood, hence the poultry farmer takes care of his or her poultry.” Poultr y farming as per Indian climatic conditions Mr. AkhileshBabu said, “Many poultry firms and farmers from Europe come to India to study our farm systems. They find the practices here are 'very good' and some of which they plan to replicate back home.” He added that “Research carried out in several countries had demonstrated that 'enriched cages do not have the potential to meet many of the welfare requirements of hens or address key welfare concerns, now or in the future'. T h e pa r a m e te r s re c o m m e n d e d regarding space requirement, behavioural needs and other welfare concerns, are based on studies conducted in temperate countries such as European Union, which are not relevant to India. Further those countries are not production hubs; hence parameters of EU are irrelevant to the Indian climatic conditions. Currently, even the most advanced
countries like USA are not following complete ban on cages.” About KPFBA Karnataka Poultry Farmers & Breeders Association [KPFBA] is an Apex body, representing Poultr y Farmers & Breeders of Karnataka, India. It was established in 1991 to promote the development of poultry breeding and farming in Karnataka, where the occupation is a major activity. The association is registered under the Karnataka Societies Act 196, u/s 12 A (a) 80G of the Income-tax Act 1961. KPFBA aims at providing facilities for exchange of information and opinion of interest to poultry breeding farms and poultry farmers. It believes in the advantages of united action to accomplish goals where individuals will not be in a position to accomplish on their own.
POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
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MSD ANIMAL HEALTH ANPARIO LAUNCHES FEED ENZYME NOW AVAILABLE IN EUROPE ONLINE STORE ANNOUNCES NEW AFTER EC APPROVAL P LEADERSHIP l a n c o's H e m i c e l l H T i s n o w available in the European Union for E APPOINTMENTS use in broilers, turkeys and pigs oultry farmers, keepers and breeders will shortly be able to research and buy a selection of Anpario's health, nutrition and biosecurity products direct from the company's new online store.
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SD Animal Health has announced several new leadership appointments. The roles are in MSD's Antelliq business, and the brands Allflex Livestock Intelligence, Sure Petcare and Biomark. Rick DeLuca, president of MSD Animal Health, made these appointments following the completion of its acquisition of Antelliq, which is an operating unit within MSD Animal Health. “I am delighted and honoured to announce these significant appointments as we begin an exciting new stage of our business journey, which will extend the range of marketleading technology and services for our customers,” said Rick DeLuca. Brian Bolton has been appointed president and chief executive officer of Antelliq. Jeroen van de Ven has been appointed chief operating officer of Antelliq. David Hallas has been appointed managing director for the recently combined Sure Petcare and HomeAgain businesses, responsible for global commercial activities in support of this newly formed business.
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Anpario Direct, will offer a standard or express delivery of products in a range of pack sizes and flexible quantities. It will offer, product details and technical information through the online resources supported by phone and online chat facility to support customers when selecting products. The products available have been selected as being important to poultry keepers and the feed addtivies stocked are all products which can be added to feed or water directly by the purchaser. “Our market research confirms that the internet is used extensively when researching health, performance and reproduction issues, as well as for purchasing products,” said Sarah Osborne, general manager of Anpario Direct. “The website will provide helpful, user friendly content and technical information for poultry producers through blogs, videos and our technical tips.” “It will also provide access to additives which until now have only been available to larger producers due to restrictions on minimum order quantity. The online store will enable customers to find information and place orders at any time of day or night using a smartphone, laptop or tablet.”
following approval by the European Commission at the end of 2018. Hemicell HT is a feed enzyme targeting ß-mannans. ß – mannans are antinutritional fibres found in many vegetable feed ingredients, notably soybean1. ß-mannans have a negative health impact when ingested, causing unnecessary gut inflammation and activation of the innate immune system. Hemicell HT breaks down these ßmannans in feed, preventing this unnecessary gut inflammation and results in improved Intestinal Integrity and nutrient utilisation of the animal. The efficacy of the product has been confirmed by a recent triali involving 4,500 Ross 308 broilers fed with three di fferent di ets . One group was administered a Positive Control (PC) diet, with high levels of ß-mannans above the risk level of 3,500ppm. The second was fed with a Negative Control (NC) diet, with high levels of ß-mannans and a lower caloric intake, while the third group was given a similar diet to the NC, but supplemented with Hemicell HT. After two months, the re s u l t s s h o w e d h o w t h e g ro u p supplemented with Hemicell HT
POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
NEWS performed better than control groups, suggesting that the product can lead to increased growth efficiency and lower production costs. The heat tolerant product will be available to the swine and poultry industries in the UK in both dry and liquid product formulations and can be used in feed that will be pelleted. Studies on the stability of Hemicell HT and Hemicell HT-L have shown that in feed supplemented with the solid formulation, recovery values after 3 months in samples stored at 25°C was 100% in the mash and 94% for the pelleted samples. Eilir Jones, Poultry Nutrition Limited, said: Hemicell is an enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of the ßmannans present in soyabean products. These ß-mannans activate the innate immune system, thereby diverting energy away from muscle (meat) growth and egg production. Although the precise extent of the energy sparing effect of Hemicell depends on key factors particular to each individual situation, my customers have observed a range between 60 and 90 kcal/kg dietary energy sparing. “The availability of Hemicell HT as a mainstream premix ingredient makes it possible to ensure that the performance, welfare and economic return of all poultry flocks can be optimised.”
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GENE-EDITED CHICKEN CELLS RESIST BIRD FLU VIRUS
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cientists have used gene-editing techniques to stop the bird flu virus from spreading in chicken cells grown in the lab. Scientists prevented the flu virus from taking hold by gene-editing chicken DNA inside lab-grown cells. Bird flu is a major threat to farmed chickens worldwide, with severe strains killing up to 100% of birds in a flock. In rare instances, certain variations of the virus can infect people and cause serious illness. Efforts to control the spread of the disease are urgently needed. Scientists have used gene-editing techniques to stop the virus from spreading in chicken cells grown in the lab.The findings raise the possibility of producing gene-edited chickens that are resistant to the disease. Scientists have used gene-editing techniques to stop the bird flu virus from spreading in chicken cells grown in the lab. Scientists prevented the flu virus from taking hold by gene-editing chicken DNA inside lab-grown cells. Bird flu is a major threat to farmed chickens worldwide, with severe strains killing up to 100% of birds in a flock. In rare instances, certain variations of the virus can infect people and cause serious illness. Efforts to control the spread of the disease are urgently needed.
Scientists have used gene-editing techniques to stop the virus from spreading in chicken cells grown in the lab.The findings raise the possibility of producing gene-edited chickens that are resistant to the disease. Preventing hijacking by flu viruses Scientists prevented the virus from taking hold by deleting a section of chicken DNA inside lab-grown cells.They targeted a specific molecule inside chicken cells called ANP32A. Researchers at Imperial College London found that during an infection, flu viruses hijack this molecule to help replicate themselves. Working with experts from the Roslin Institute, the researchers used gene-editing techniques to remove the section of DNA responsible for producing ANP32A. They targeted a specific molecule inside chicken cells called ANP32A. Researchers at Imperial College London found that during an infection, flu viruses hijack this molecule to help replicate themselves. Working with experts from the Roslin Institute, the researchers used gene-editing techniques to remove the section of DNA responsible for producing ANP32A. They found the virus was no longer able to grow inside cells with the genetic change. The next step will be to try to produce chickens with the genetic change. No birds have been produced yet, the team says.
GLOBAL DEMAND FOR POULTRY BOOSTED BY PIG DISEASE African Swine Fever (ASF) in China is expected to increase demand for other proteins besides pork, including poultry. With recent forecasts suggesting Chinese pork production could fall by over 10 million tonnes, other proteins will be needed to fill the supply gap. Chinese production will likely increase and reports already show growing poultry feed d e m a n d . H o w e v e r, b r e e d i n g s t o c k availability is currently limited. Most traditional suppliers of grandparent stock 27
are banned due to Avian Influenza controls. Although Poland was re-opened towards the end of 2018, this will not support production until the end of this year. Increased import levels are also expected, with market access recently opening to a number of countries. Official trade data records Chinese imports of fresh/frozen poultry already increasing 40% (+42,000 tonnes) year on year in the first quarter. This compares with a 3% increase in fresh/frozen pork (+10,000 tonnes). When offal is
included, pig meat imports have actually fallen by 8%, driven by a fall in offal shipments from the US. It is probable that pork import demand will pick up more significantly later in the year. With tightening protein supplies, poultry imports may also grow further. The USDA anticipates Chinese chicken meat imports could rise by nearly 70% this year. POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
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POULTRY COMPANIES VOW TO REDUCE PLASTIC USE “The big challenge will be to develop flexible film formats that deliver the functional requirements expected by customers and consumers, balanced with ease of recycling at end-of-use,” he added.
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lastic pollution is one of the planet's most pressing problems – and several big-name poultry players are taking steps to reduce their contribution to it. In 1907 the Belgian chemist Leo Baekeland created one of the first polymeric mouldable materials, which he soon marketed as Bakelite – the product that initiated the plastic revolution. In just over a century since then, global production of plastic products has increased exponentially, with some 381 million tonnes produced in 2015. Plastics, though, have a damaging impact on the health of the world's oceans and wildlife, a fact that we're all increasingly conscious of thanks to widespread media coverage of the issue in recent years. In response, many companies around the world have vowed to reduce their use of plastics, and in some cases, switch to bio-based and biodegradable plastics. Poultry companies are following suit. Moy Park launches initiative to reduce plastic use Moy Park, Europe’s eighth-largest poultry company, recently pledged to reduce its overall use of packaging. The move is part of the company’s wider business sustainability and environmental commitments, explained Matt Harris, head of packaging for the firm.
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“Through Moy Park’s ‘Remove, Reduce, Recycle and Research’ strategy, we wanted our targets to be ambitious and industry leading,” he said. “To give one example, we plan to reduce the overall use of packaging by 5 percent year-onyear while also increasing the percentage of recyclable packaging by 5 percent.” The company expects its commitment will not only support its customers, but will also increase plastic and recycling awareness. Its first step will be to remove unnecessary plastics, including avoidable single-use plastics, which are currently used in their offices and restaurants. It has committed to discontinuing their use by 2020. Currently Moy Park uses a variety of packaging formats in a combination of materials. “We are also focusing on innovative new packaging, R&D and delivering accurate, clear recycling messages, collaborating with academics and supply-chain partners to develop sustainable packaging across our product portfolio,” Harris added. “So, while plastic will still have a significant part to play in the containment, protection and preservation of chicken in the future, we want to simplify the types of plastic we use, and ensure they are able to be easily recycled.
Moy Park isn’t the only poultry business focusing on reducing plastic. In Thailand, food-processing company Charoen Pokphand Foods (CPF) has made a similar pledge, announcing a sustainable-packaging policy to reduce its global footprint. The company has not only promised to reduce its overall use, but has also said that all plastic packaging will be reusable, recyclable, upcycled or compostable by 2025 in its Thai operations, and by 2030 globally. In a recent press release the company explained how it plans to achieve this goal, stating that it has developed ecofriendly packages, including plantbased bioplastic trays made from natural resources. According to CPF, in 2015 the company became the first in Thailand to use polylactic acid (PLA) trays for chilled raw chicken and pork products. In the fast-food sector Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) has also taken up the challenge, announcing that all plasticbased, consumer-facing packaging will be recoverable or reusable by 2025. This promise was made across its global brand. Authors are requested to send your valuable articles for publication in
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RETAILER WAITROSE REMOVES BLACK PLASTIC FROM PRODUCTS, INCLUDING POULTRY While the new plastic is not being widely used at the moment, Cotterman said the company is working closely with Kuraray to scale up and meet wider needs, including replacing thermoform trays and multilayer laminate used to package fresh and processed products. Cotterman said the new plastic is functional, cost-competitive with the products it replaces and comparable in terms of performance. These are barrier products that prevent gases and oxygen from moving into the package, he explained.
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ritish retailer Waitrose & Partners recently hit its target to eliminate the use of black plastic in its own-label products. In 2018 alone, the company removed 1,300 tonnes of the difficultto-recycle black plastic, used to package fresh meat, fish, poultry, fruit and vegetable products. The retailer is now halfway to achieving its goal of removing black plastic from all of its branded products by the end of 2019, said Hannah Chance from the Waitrose & Partners communications team. The difficulty with black plastic in particular is that it's coloured using carbon black pigments, resulting in a by-product that is not easily sorted at recycling plants. As a result, the packaging often ends up in landfills. “Eliminating black plastic is a priority for us,” said Tor Harris, head of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in health and agriculture for Waitrose & Partners. “While removing it we have also taken the opportunity to reduce the amount of plastic of any colour by removing trays from fruit and veg like apples, broccoli and pakchoi.” 29
In 2019, the company plans to work further to determine which plastic packaging can be removed without decreasing product quality or reducing overall shelf life, to make sure it doesn't increase food waste. Waitrose chicken, meanwhile, is now pa c k a g e d i n a c l e a r t r a y, s a i d Chance. Plastics company develops plantbased solution It’s not just end-users who are making big promises. Plastics companies are also taking up the challenge. In the US, Sealed Air has partnered with Kuraray America to develop a plant-based food packaging called Plantic. Plantic materials are currently being used to package perishable foods such as poultry, beef and seafood in the US, Canada and Mexico. Sealed Air isn’t just looking at new plastics, though. Ron Cotterman, vice p re s i d e n t of s u s t a i n a b i l i t y a n d innovation at the company said it is also looking at alternatives for recycling and recovery technologies.
Plantic is a starch-based solution that is sourced from high-amylase corn, a type of maize not used for human consumption. Plantic is a starch-based solution that is sourced from high-amylase corn, a type of maize not used for human consumption. “We’re working with different organisations to get the material accepted for recycling,” he said. “We’re in the middle of that process right now.” In order to meet US demand for Plantic products, Sealed Air plans to spend $24 million to upgrade its Simpsonville, South Carolina facility. The expansion is under way and production is scheduled to begin in the second quarter of 2020. Kuraray is also investing in expansion to suppor t the project, putting a p p rox i m a te l y $ 1 5 m i l l i o n i n to installing plant-based high-barrier resin production and supporting capabilities in Houston, Texas. The re s i n p l a n t i s s c h e d u l e d to b e completed at the end of September 2019 and will begin operating in early 2020. POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
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PASTURED POULTRY FARMING: SOIL HEALTH AND SUSTAINABILITY make it easier for farmers to automate some processes, such as feeding and egg collection. However, the opposite effects can be seen if indoor systems are not properly managed, such as overstocking, which leads to cramped conditions that can affect the well-being of poultry and increases the risk of parasites and disease.
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astured, free-range and indoor poultry farming has advantages and disadvantages for farmers, poultry and the environment. Indoor systems provide a controlled environment where birds are vaccinated against disease, and mites can be kept to a minimum, while protecting livestock from predators. Indoor systems also
Sheds with free-range access to outside space can be a good environment for the well-being of the poultry, as there is natural light, perches, free movement and scratching available. While freerange systems allow poultry to access outside areas, that space is often static and fixed. While poultry do have space to move and exhibit natural behaviours, the constant presence of the birds can be harmful to pasture by increasing the
ARABLE FARMERS TURNING TO FREE RANGE CHICKENS TO SECURE FUTURE AFTER BREXIT
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he idea of free range chickens as a profitable diversification is appealing to an increasing number of arable farmers following its launch at the Cereals Event last year – and now the first new unit is going ahead in East Anglia. Traditional Norfolk Poultry (TNP), which is exhibiting at the Cereals Event 2019 at Boothby Graffoe, Lincoln, on June 12 and 13, will be promoting its Full Cycle Chicken Growing Contract that enables farmers to enter the expanding market for welfare-friendly poultry. “With farming facing an uncertain future after Brexit, we believe this is an exciting new opportunity for diversification,” said Mark Gorton, TNP co-founder and joint managing director. “After the launch at the 2018 event we've been overwhelmed by the level of interest from farmers across East Anglia. “We are looking for farmers willing to invest up to £1 million to set up a poultry 30
unit. This will bring a substantial addition to the farm income as well as returning their investment within ten years.” The first new unit is now under construction at Belchamp St Paul in Essex where David and Harry Middleditch obtained planning permission last month. The 40,000-bird free range unit is expected to begin production in late summer. TNP, which celebrated its 30th anniversary last year, has become one of the leading suppliers of high-welfare chickens to major UK retailers. This growth has been based on contract production across more than 50 sites – owning the birds, housing and equipment and paying farmers for their facilities and management of the flocks. The new business model is based on farmers themselves investing in purposebuilt static housing specifically designed by TNP for larger flocks while providing
parasite load, while too much manure can stop grass and herbs from growing. Pastured poultry, in contrast, is more than a free-range system, and rather than raising birds in a fixed space, it provides access to fresh pasture on a r o t a t i o n a l s y s t e m . I t of f e r s a n alternative to fixed housing and outdoor space that many advocates suggest creates healthier and happier birds, a better product for the consumer and benefits the environment. With consumers increasingly aware of where their meat comes from, there is growing public interest in poultry that's been farmed with welfare in mind, and in a sustainable way that has the least negative effects on the local and wider environment.
the birds with the highest possible welfare and making the best utilization of a fully enriched range. TNP provides a complete package from the initial planning, screening, house and range design-andbuild through to comprehensive training for new growers. “We also have established contacts for funding to finance the whole project,” said Mark Gorton. “Unlike some other types of diversification, the success does not hinge on the marketing expertise of the farmer – but it does require the farmer to 'buy in' to our whole high welfare farming ethos.” Optimum site is five hectares of land with three houses for a total of 40,000 projected to cost around £1 million to construct, but there are smaller options. The project has been designed with help and advice from two colleagues with vast experience of the UK poultry industry – Jim Lamber t, who joined TNP as agricultural manager in 2017 after almost 25 years with Cobb, and Lionel Halls who has spent his whole career in the poultry sector. POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
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WOMEN IN POULTRY: WENDY LANTZ
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fter taking over her parents' poultry farm at the age of 26, Wendy Lantz has taken a leading role in her business and in her local farming community.Wendy Lantz grew up on her parents’ poultry farm in southern Ontario, Canada, and, at the age of 26, decided to take over the family farm with her husband, Bruce. While she works off-farm as a social worker, she is heavily involved in the back end of the farm’s poultry business. In 2018, Wendy was elected as a district committee representative (DCRs) for the Chicken Farmers of Ontario (CFO), one of only three female DCRs out of approximately 50 province-wide. DCRs are farmer-elected and their primary function is to act in a consultative capacity with the board of directors and with other farmer-members in their districts.
Wendy Lantz at her farm in Ontario Please briefly describe your career in poultry. I grew up on the poultry farm we currently own. When I was 26, my husband, Bruce, and I bought the farm from my parents and have been farming ever since. Having grown up in the country and having always lived on a poultry farm, I knew I wanted to continue on that path. I had always been hopeful to be able to
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raise my family either in the country or, more so, on a farm. When the option of purchasing my parents' farm became available, it felt like the right decision and the right time. What are the main challenges that you face on the farm ? Dealing with the prevalence of avian influenza has been a challenge. The potential of diseases as well as changes in how chickens are raised, which influence the daily operations of the farm, are ongoing challenges. We also face continual political uncertainty with supply management and the challenge of ensuring that both the farmer has a fair return on their investment and the consumer has affordable meat protein in the grocery store. Describe a typical day in your current role. I work off the farm as a social worker in the community, however, I am very involved behind the scenes. I have regular conversations about how the birds are doing, what is happening in the barns and how things are going in general on the farm. My role includes the business side of things – paying the bills, ensuring the accounting is up to date and correct, dealing with suppliers and keeping a general handle on the business. I am also a district committee representative for Chicken Farmers of Ontario. In that role, I represent the chicken farmers in my district. As a DCR, I interact with the board members and other DCRs on a regular basis. One of my goals as a DCR is to have more women become active within the farming community. As such, I am planning to have a number of the women from my district attend an event where we have the opportunity to learn, interact and build relationships with one another. One of my goals as a DCR is to have more women become active within the farming community
What's the most unusual experience you've had in poultry ? The fact that I, as a woman, chose to take the risk and purchase my parents' farm with my husband was an unusual experience. I was only 26 when we purchased the farm, so the risk, along with ensuring that the rest of the family was in agreement and that family relationships stayed intact, was definitely unique. People still look at me with surprise when I tell them that it was my parents we purchased the farm from as many people assume it was Bruce's parents. How would you reorganise the legislative minefield, if you could ? Supply management in Canada is not a legislative minefield; it is a system that has worked for over 50 years and continues to work very well. It enables responsible, sustainable production practices to be put in place for all chicken farmers. It ensures we create a high-quality product. Food safety and animal welfare are of paramount importance, and our On-Farm Food Safety Program and Animal Care Program ensures these high standards are met. Without the stability supply management provides, there can be no investment in innovation and productivity. Have you encountered any challenges as a woman in poultry farming ? I am definitely a minority, especially in my role as a DCR. I have to say, though, the men I work with and with whom I sit around the table at CFO have been very welcoming. What advice would you give to women looking to start a career in poultry ? I would say, “Go for it!” Poultry is a great career – there are so many opportunities, whether it is directly on the farm as a front-line farmer, in sales
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NEWS and interactions with the farmer themselves, or at the board level. What would be your dream role in poultry ? I would love to be able to intertwine my profession as a social worker with my life as a poultry farmer. To work with farmers in a social-work role and meet with families as they manage intergenerational transfers is a dream of mine. What outstanding challenge facing the poultry industry would you most like to solve ? I would like society educated on how chickens are raised. The media and other groups often misrepresent how chickens are raised. Chickens are raised with great care, they are treated appropriately; farmers love their animals and want the best for them. I would also like people to see the Canadian supply-management system in a very positive light. Supply management is beneficial to everyone, and to have it looked at as a negative or that farmers are wealthy because of it, is not true. It ensures that there is supply for the market, and provides a balance between what the farmer gets paid and the costs to the consumer. How has your relationship with the poultry sector evolved ? My relationship with the poultry industry has changed significantly throughout my lifetime. As a young girl, I was out there at the end of every crop helping to clean out and set up the barns, bring in the chicks – whatever needed to be done, I was part of that role. That has evolved into becoming the owner of the farm and learning not just about the daily operations of a business and how to run and manage a business, but also understanding the broader scope and political side of the sector. 32
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How do you incorporate sustainable (ethical, environmental, economic) best practice into your day-to-day routine ? As poultry farmers, we truly care about the welfare of the birds. We ensure that the barns are well managed, the birds are grown under optimum conditions and they are treated in a ver y humane way. We keep an optimum square footage for the birds in order to ensure that they have enough space to be able to move around freely and stay healthy. We are also growing our birds without the use of antibiotics in order to benefit everyone – the birds, the consumers and society as a whole. The manure from our birds is spread back onto our fields in order to reduce the environmental footprint and the fertilisers that are required to grow our crops. From an economic standpoint, we try and support local businesses as much as we are able. My friends laugh at me when I tell them that I picked up eggs from the neighbour, or I went to the cheese factory for my cheese, or to the honey farm for my honey. I love it in the spring and summer months when I have the option to purchase fresh produce from someone just a few kilometres from my home! We also try to use local businesses when doing renovations to the barns. Just last year when we built a new barn, using local businesses was one of our priorities. This is just one of the benefits of supply management – it meets the demands of the consumer while also providing sustainable practices to ensure that everyone benefits. How do you feel about on-farm technology, either current or yet to be developed ? I completely believe in on-farm
technology and its contribution to better business and improved animal welfare. Technology doesn't replace being in the barn and feeling the atmosphere in person, but it does enhance farming practices and improves the bird welfare. What are the most memorable experiences you've had during your career in poultry ? My most memorable experience wo u l d h a ve to b e t h e intergenerational farm transfer that took place. It was a significant challenge, not only for my parents who wanted to have one of their four children purchase the farm, but also for my siblings, my husband and for me. Each of us (my parents, Bruce and I) wanted the family to stay intact and not have arguments or have the family no longer speak to one another because we now owned the farm. There had to be concessions made in order for us to be able to purchase it. I can happily say that we were able to achieve the intergen-erational farm transfer successfully and that my relationship with my siblings is as strong, or stronger, than it has ever been! Are there any individuals or organisations in the industry who you've found particularly inspi-rational ? The CFO recently began a programme called Women in Leadership. This programme has certainly inspired me to take on the role as a DCR and to step outside of my comfort zone to do something different. I had considered becoming a DCR before theprog r a m m e b e g a n . H o w e v e r, t h e implementation of the programme and the encouragement from the staff has been inspiring.
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WHAT ARE BIG FOOD FIRMS DOING ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE?
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arious food giants are finding innovative ways to reduce their environmental footprint and use their influence to inspire sustainable production along the supply chain. In the past, the bottom line used to be the be all and end all. But now, more and more food companies are realising the impor tance of sustainable development for their future growth and success. Sustainable development is no longer treated as a side project, or a nice-to-have bonus for a company’s PR department, but as an integral part of the overall business strategy, measured and reported on in similar terms as financial reviews. While most of these plans also have a social and animal welfare component, here we are focusing on the impressive steps some food companies are taking to reduce their environmental footprints. In the past, the bottom line used to be the be all and end all. But now, more and more food companies are realising the impor tance of sustainable development for their future growth and success. Sustainable development is no longer treated as a side project, or a nice-to-have bonus for a company’s PR department, but as an integral part of the overall business strategy, measured and reported on in similar terms as financial reviews. While most of these plans also have a social and animal welfare component, here we are focusing on the impressive steps some food companies are taking to reduce their environmental footprints. Plastic free Charoen Pokphand Foods PLC (CPF) has vowed to go plastic free by 2030 and reduce waste disposal at all its operations by 30 percent (relative to its
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2015 baseline) by 2020. Instead of using plastic bags, in 2006 CPF started using stainless-steel trucks to transfer products in its integrated broiler business. This, according to the company’s annual financial reports, has reduced its plastic usage by 4,300 tonnes and greenhouse gas emissions by 29,000 tonnes. By 2018, this had resulted in a 62 percent reduction in the volume of plastic used in its Thai operations and a 31 percent reduction in its foreign operations In 2013, the company replaced plastic feed bags with bulk feed tanks. By 2018, this had resulted in a 62 percent reduction in the volume of plastic used in its Thai operations and a 31 percent reduction in its foreign operations. The company in effect was able to remove 12,400 tonnes of plastic from its operations, translating into a greenhouse gas saving of 36,600 tonnes of carbon d i o x i d e p e r y e a r. C P F h a s a l s o developed eco-friendly packaging and in 2015 became the first Thai company to use such trays in chilled raw chicken and pork products. In 2018 this allowed the company to use 60 tonnes less plastic in packaging, which is equivalent to 132 tonnes of carbon emissions. Deforestation free Acknowledging the impact of deforestation on climate change, CPF is training its employees and suppliers to make the most of their natural resources and is also partnering with various public and civil-society sectors to help conserve and restore natural resources within and outside the boundaries of its plants and farms. The company claims it has so far restored 1,613 hectares of mangrove and watershed forest.
Multinational giant Cargill, meanwhile, is following this example. Earlier this year, the company published various policies and action plans to ensure company expansions are not at the expense of forests. Heather Tansey, Cargill sustainability director for animal nutrition and North American proteïen, explained that corn, soy and wheat constitute a large component of poultry feed, so when their poultry supply chains are located in areas that are high-risk for forest land use conversion for feed, they use their new policy to reconcile environmental and economic decisions to produce food that is sustainable and nutritious for both people and the planet. But Cargill, like many other feed companies, is also contributing to sustainable production by creating balanced feed formulas that reduce wastage. “Sound animal stewardship practices and proper nutrition are not only key factors in raising healthy animals and reducing the production impact to the environment, it’s also simply the right thing to do. Healthy animals are more efficient in terms of growth and feed use,” Tansey said. Besides this, Cargill is taking efforts to enhance farm management through, for example, the use of energy efficient heating and ventilation systems usingrenewable energy. Biogas production RCL Foods, which has more than 240 o p e r a t i o n s a c ro s s A f r i c a , m a d e
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headlines when in 2017 it established Africa’s largest biogas plant in Worcester, South Africa. The plant has allowed the poultry production facility to reduce its reliance on the national grid by more than 30 percent, while providing 90 percent cleaner water, which is reused on the site. The success of the project has spearheaded the development of a similar, but even larger waste-to-value plant at the firm’s Rustenburg chickenprocessing facility this year. The company aims to generate 50 percent of its own electricity by 2025 and over the same period reduce its reliance on coal by 50 percent. As one of the top 100 companies on the JSE (Johannesburg’s stock exchange), RCL Foods has taken part in the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) – a UK-based organisation which aims to make publishing carbon emissions a business norm for companies around the world – for a number of years. They scored the highest in South Africa’s food, beverage and tobacco sector in the CDP’s 2018 climate change survey, achieving an Ascore for the second year running despite a stricter scoring system being implemented. “Sustainable production is no longer a nice-to-have, but a business imperative, which is why RCL Foods is working tirelessly to come up with creative solutions to reduce waste, consume less water and fossil-fuelbased energy and do more with what they have,” EttienneThiebaut, group sustainability executive at RCL Foods, toldPoultry Digital Magazine. Measurements and behavioural changes Country Bird Holdings (CBH) is showing what can be done with small interventions and behavioural changes. Since launching its sustainability p ro g r a m m e fi ve ye a r s a g o , t h e company has managed to increase 35
RCL FOODS has established the biggest biogas facility in Africa at one of their plants in South Africa
slaughter volumes by about 10 percent without electricity or water consumption increasing linearly at its processing plants. Marthinus Stander, CEO of CBH, says the company’s efforts started with the installation of meters to monitor water, electricity and fuel consumption, followed by staff and supplier education: “Measurements are extremely important, as you need to create a baseline against which company progress can be measured. To allow quick reaction to deviations, measurements are taken daily at our operations and reported monthly to the company at large.” While it’s still early days for the programme, the company has managed to reduce its energy usage through the installation of power correction factors and phase balancing equipment, with a reduction in diesel usage achievedthrough the replacement of old generators with diesel rail engines that are more fuel efficient. Water usage has been reduced from 20 to 15 litre per processed bird, thanks to awareness campaigns, whereby visual materials were placed in all the company’s processing operations to educate employees about the importance of water conservation. The company also invested in equipment that is more water efficient. The company is currently installing LED
lights in all its facilities to further reduce its energy footprint and is evaluating the viability of establishing another biogas facility. “We have established a biogas facility at one of our processing plants, which has slightly reduced our dependence on the national grid and resulted in water savings by purifying run-off, which now can be used as grey water,” says Stander. Stander points out that the idea was not to merely to “tick boxes”, but to create interventions with lasting results: “The achieved successes should then set the standards for what should be achieved tomorrow.” While the company’s suppliers have to adhere to strict production protocols in terms of animal welfare and waste management, systems have not yet been introduced to motivate more sustainable practices in the supply chain – though that’s next on Stander’s agenda. “We would need to find a way to monitor on-farm environmental practices if we want to expand our efforts to suppliers,” he says. “So far, we have run awareness campaigns to motivate producers to reduce their environmental footprint. This not only makes sense from a conservation point of view, but also a business point of view, since efforts to reduce carbon emissions and water usage usually translate into business savings.” POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
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PASTURED POULTRY FARMING: SOIL HEALTH AND SUSTAINABILITY
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astured, free-range and indoor poultry farming has advantages and disadvantages for farmers, poultry and the environment. Indoor systems provide a controlled environment where birds are vaccinated against disease, and mites can be kept to a minimum, while protecting livestock from predators. Indoor systems also make it easier for farmers to automate some processes, such as feeding and egg collection. However, the opposite effects can be seen if indoor systems are not properly managed, such as overstocking, which leads to cramped conditions that can affect the wellbeing of poultry and increases the risk of parasites and disease. Sheds with free-range access to outside space can be a good environment for the wellbeing of the poultry, as there is natural light, perches, free movement and scratching available. While free-range systems allow poultry to access outside areas, that space is often static and fixed. While poultry do have space to move and exhibit natural behaviours, the constant presence of the birds can be harmful to pasture by increasing the parasite load, while too much manure can stop grass and herbs from growing. Pastured poultry, in contrast, is more than a free-range system, and rather than raising birds in a fixed space, it provides access to fresh pasture on a r o t a t i o n a l s y s t e m . I t of f e r s a n alternative to fixed housing and outdoor space that many advocates suggest creates healthier and happier birds, a better product for the consumer and benefits the environment. With consumers increasingly aware of where their meat comes from, there is growing public interest in poultry that’s been farmed with welfare in mind, and in a sustainable way that has the least negative effects on the local and wider environment. 36
Pastured poultry and soil health With proper management, there are significant benefits for soil health from pastured poultry. As birds roam freely on pasture, the manure is distributed back into the soil creating a nutrientrich material for grass and pasture crops to utilise, which in turn provides food. The presence of plant roots creates structure that inhibits erosion and promotes drainage, while problematic insects are naturally controlled. Richard J Bednarek, Jr, state soil scientist in Iowa for the USDA-NRCS, states the following in support of pastured poultry on soil health:
They can also inflict damage with their scratching actions. Through regular rotation, over-grazing can be prevented by allowing areas to rest and recover before allowing poultry to forage there again. This means that plants are not uprooted and the microorganisms that surround the roots in the soil stay and maintain a healthy soil culture. Philip Lymbery, chief executive of Compassion in World Farming says: “Keep hens and chickens in small groups on grassland with cattle and sheep as part of the rotation. House them in moveable sheds to allow the pasture to recover. The birds will also eat grass, clover and bugs from the cow pats whilst their droppings help to restore soil fertility and reduce the use of artificial fertiliser.”
“In my opinion, having chickens on pasture is good for soil health. The chickens will on feed insects including the non-beneficial insects in the Soil Food Web. The chickens will eat the Somerset farmer Ollie White is the weed seeds reducing to eliminating founder of Farm2Fork and provides weed pressure and improving the grass-fed poultry and other meat pasture vegetation’s root system. The nationwide. He practises a multiroots hold the soil in place, improve soil species grazing model, where cattle are structure, increasing water infiltration followed by sheep and then by poultry, and improving soil biology with creating a natural living ecosystem.He increased root exudates feeding the raises chickens between April and microbes. The chicken litter is high in September on fresh pasture in large, phosphorus, helping low-phosphorus floorless portable field pens housing pastures.”However, one concern is the around 75 birds each. This allows birds notion that having a large number of to access unlimited herbs and grasses, birds raised on pasture can decimate as well as insects and worms. The pens the local insect population, lower the are then moved to fresh pasture each amount of pollinators and lessen the day, and the grass is fertilised by the biodiversity of the area. chickens as they are moved. Terrell Spencer, NCAT agriculture White says that, unlike conventional specialist, suggests in his 2013 free-range systems, pasturing poultry, publication Pastured Poultry Nutrition “works with the land, not against it. It and Forages that it is important to keep improves soil health, reduces parasites watch on the condition of pasture and and increases fertility.“ to move birds often. If left too long in Is pastured poultry a sustainable one place, poultry can damage the soil option? through over manuring, resulting in a soil that is too rich and burns pasture For pastured poultry farming to be seedlings before they can establish. sustainable, it requires management
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NEWS that benefits not only the health of the poultry and of the land, but of the farming business as a whole. White explains that raising chickens on pasture works best as a seasonal opportunity, as there is no climate control as with indoor or free-range shed systems. However, the product can be frozen to provide a year-round income. It is also more labour intensive than conventional systems because the outdoor pens need to be regularly moved. However, it does give a highervalue product. White suggests that in order to make a pasture-based system work from a business point of view, farmers need to sell direct to the public at retail price, rather than selling at wholesale prices to shops and suppliers. Pa s t u r e d p o u l t r y p r o v i d e s a n opportunity for farmers to sell a highvalue product directly to the public He states: “Pastured poultry provides an opportunity for farmers to sell a high-value product directly to the
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public. There is a great story behind how the poultry is raised, and it offers a chance for farmers to connect with consumers.”Although pasture allows plenty of foraging, it is argued that slower-growing birds will cost more to feed before they are ready for the market, and the added time it takes also creates a financial dilemma for farmers who could earn more by providing a faster turnaround. However, White explains that it is possible to raise pasture chickens within 56 days, in line with free-range standards. Alongside fresh pasture, his poultr y is supplemented with organic grain to provide a nutritionally complete and balanced diet. He finds that “the value of the finished chicken more than outweighs any extra you might need to spend on feed”.Successfully raising poultr y on pasture requires the balancing of different elements, such as c o r re c t ro t a t i o n t h a t p ro m o te s optimum pasture and soil health, as well as discipline in keeping the right number of birds on the land. For
pasture poultry farming to be a viable business venture, farmers may want to view it as an added seasonal enterprise to their existing business, and gain the support of consumers who are willing to pay more for a premium welfare product.
1st Announcement CLFMA AGM & NATIONAL SYMPOSIUM 2019 Dear Sir, We are pleased to inform you that the 52nd Annual General Meeting (AGM) and 61st National Symposium 2019 will be held on August, 22nd & 23rd 2019 at Le Meridien, Windsor Place Janpath, New Delhi 110001. You are requested to kindly block your dates for AGM and National Symposium 2019. With warm regards, S. V. Bhave Chairman CLFMA OF INDIA 111, Mittal Chambers, 11th Floor, Nariman Point, Mumbai – 400021 Tel : 022 22026103 Website : www.clfma.org
EGG Daily and Montly Prices of May 2019
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POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
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POULTRY RESEARCH CENTRE OPENS IN SCOTLAND
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he UK's largest facility to improve avian nutrition, health and welfare has opened today near Edinburgh. Scotland's Rural College £5.6 million Allermuir Avian Innovation and Skills Centre has been co-funded by CIEL (Centre for Innovation Excellence in Livestock). Lord Henley, Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, officially opened the centre on 6 June. By trialling innovative ideas under nearcommercial conditions, the Allermuir Avian Innovation and Skills Centre is helping to bridge the gap between research and poultry businesses. The first research projects will look at novel antimicrobials impacts on performance and gut microbiome, and the role of amino acid nutrition on gut health. CIEL invested £1.9 million in the new centre, with funding from Innovate UK, the UK's innovation agency. SRUC invested £3.6 million with support from the Scottish Funding Council's Financial Transactions Programme. Inside the Allermuir Avian Innovation and Skills Centre The Allermuir Avian Innovation and 39
Skills Centre significantly broadens the poultry research capability available through CIEL's nationwide network of university partners. This network enables businesses across the supply chain to work directly with worldleading researchers to develop new agri-tech solutions to benefit the UK agrifood sector. The new site is near SRUC's research facilities at Bush Estate and Easter Howgate and enhances the Edinburgh and Lothian region's reputation as a centre for innovative collaborative animal research. Once fully operational, the Allermuir Avian Innovation and Skills Centre will employ between 30 and 35 people and welcome at least four post-graduate students. Lord Henley said: “It's great to see investment like this in new agri-tech facilities, which will help the sector to innovate and create the highly-skilled jobs of the future. “Through our Agri-Tech Strategy and our modern Industrial Strategy, this government has invested more than £250 million to help transform food production in the UK for the better.” Professor Wayne Powell, Principal and Chief Executive of SRUC, said: “The
Allermuir Avian Innovation and Skills Centre will be of huge benefit to Scotland, the United Kingdom and globally. The people and facilities based h e re w i l l h e l p a t t r a c t re s e a rc h investment from across the world. “CIEL and Innovate UK are excellent partners in the project and I'd also like to thank the Scottish Funding Council for its support. A future with industry, researchers and governments working in closer collaboration is how we will meet the global challenges facing society. Partnerships like Allermuir Avian Innovation and Skills Centre is the model we need to take to support growth the economy.” Mike Cantlay, Chairman of the Scottish Funding Council, said: “The Centre is exactly the type of project we want to benefit from our Financial Transactions Programme. The facility will provide research and skills development for an important area of our economy and will contribute to Scotland's reputation for world-leading research. I look forward to following its progress and to celebrating its successes in the future.”
26th Nov. 2019 KNOWLEDGE DAY 27th, 28th, 29th Nov. 2019 Hitex Exhibition Complex, Hyderabad, Telangana www.poultryindia.co.in POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
EVENT CALENDER
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Exhibition Event Calender JUNE 2019 Event
Date Venue Web
: XXIV European Symposium on the Quality of Poultry Meat and XVIII European Symposium on the Quality of Eggs and Egg Products : 23-26 June 2019 : Radisson Blu Resort & Spa, Cesme, Izmir, Turkey : www.eggmeat2019.com
JUNE 2019 Event Date Venue
JULY 2019 Event Date Venue Websote
: : : :
VIV Turkey, Istanbul 6-8 July 2019 Istanbul Expo Center www.wpsa.com
: 3 1 s t I n t e r n a t i o n a l Po u l t r y S c i e n c e Sy m p o s i u m of t h e WPSA Polish Branch Date : 4-6 Sep 2019 Venue : Hotel Skalny, Polanczyk Website : www.wpsa.pl
Event Date Venue
: SIMA SIPSA 2019 : 7-10 October 2019 : World Trade Center
Event Date Venue
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: ILDEX Indonesia 2019 : 18-20 October 2019 : JIEXPO Jakarta
Event
Date Venue
: Space The International Exhibition For Animal Production2019 : 10-13 Sep 2019 : Parc Expo of Rennes Airport La Haie Gautrais, 35172 Bruz - Rennes Bretagne – France
Event Date Venue
: 80th Cornell Nutrition Conference : 16-18 oct 2019 : Doubletree Hotel Syracuse 301 NY298, East Syracuse, NY 13057, EE. UU. - Syracuse - New York - United States
: International Exhibition on Po u l t r y, L i ve s to c k , F e e d & Technologies : 30 Aug to 1 Sep 2019 : Bangalore International Exhibition Center (BIEC), Bangalore India
OCTOBER 2019 Event Date Venue
OCTOBER 2019
OCTOBER 2019 Event Date Venue
: PSA Annual Meeting : 15-18 July 2019 : Fairmont The Queen Elizabeth 900 René-Lévesque Blvd W, Montreal, QC H3B 4A5 - Montreal - Quebec Canada
: Agro & Poultry East Africa 2019 : 25-26-27 June 2019 : Diamond Jubilee Hall, Dar-EsSalaam, Tanzania
AUGUST 2019
SEPTEMBER 2019
OCTOBER 2019 Event Date Venue
Event Date Venue
JULY 2019
SEPTEMBER 2019 Event
: LIVESTOCK 2019 PHILIPPINE EXPO : 25-26 June 2019 : Pasay City Philippines
JUNE 2019
: AgriLink 2019 : 3-5 October 2019 : World Trade Center
OCTOBER 2019 Event Date Venue
: Agrena Middle East 2019 : 17-19 October 2019 : Egypt Convention Center, New Cairo, Egypt Website : www.agrena.net
NOVEMBER 2019 Event Date Venue
: Poultry India : 27-29 Nov 2019 : Hyderabad, Telangana
POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 21 | No.6 | JUNE - 2019
RECIPE / SUBSCRIPTION
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Mustard-stuffed chicken Ingredient Ÿ 125g ball mozzarella, torn into small pieces Ÿ 50g strong cheddar , grated Ÿ 1 tbsp wholegrain mustard Ÿ 4 skinless boneless chicken breast fillets Ÿ 8 smoked streaky bacon rashers Method Heat oven to 200C/fan 180C/gas 6. Mix the cheeses and mustard together. Cut a slit into the side of each chicken breast, then stuff with the mustard mixture. Wrap each stuffed chicken breast with 2 bacon rashers – not too tightly, but enough to hold the chicken together. Season, place on a baking sheet and roast for 20-25 mins.
(Life Time Period 10 Years)
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Send DD or Cheque in favour of Pixie Consulting solutions Ltd. payable at Karnal Address: C/o OmAng Hotel, Namaste Chowk, Near Janta Petrol Pump, KARNAL - 132001 (Haryana) INDIA or Transfer money to HDFC Bank Bank address: Opp. Mahavir Dal Hospital Account Type: Current Account Name: Pixie Consulting Solutions Limited Account Number: 01958730000179 IFSC Code: HDFC0000195 | Swift Code: HDFCINBB | PAN No. AAECP6186B
Pixie Consulting Solutions Ltd. C/o OmAng Hotel, Namaste Chowk, Near Janta Petrol Pump, KARNAL - 132001 (Haryana) INDIA Email : poultry.pcsl@gmail.com | info@pixie.co.in Website : www.pixie.co.in
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