Dairy Planner - June 2019 by PIXIE CONSULTING SOLUTIONS LTD.

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HARBIL/2004/22481

Vol.16 | No. 6 | June - 2019

From the Pen of Chief Editor Protecting dairy cows and buffalo in India

Editorial

In India up to 50 million cows are suffering on dairy farms in unacceptable conditions. They suffer painful health problems and shorter lifespans due to over breeding, poor housing, confinement and over medication. India dairies: the solution Ÿ We are working with authorities to stop animals suffering in large, industrialised indoor dairy farms. Ÿ We are moving people to adopt animal friendly, sustainable, healthy farming practices. Ÿ We are working with farmers and authorities to develop humane and sustainable agriculture practices for high welfare milk production. Ÿ We are moving the government to develop high welfare milk production standards in India. Ÿ We are working with local people to adopt better animal husbandry practices, to increase milk production and quality, while protecting animals. National Code of Practices for Management of Dairy Animals in India A growing number of the country's 300 million dairy animals – collectively the world's largest herd – are living in intensive farming systems in overcrowded, barren conditions causing immense suffering. We will now be working with the National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI) to recommend dairy animal welfare in a range of Government of India policies and programmes. This is off the back of our launch of the National Code of Practices for Management of Dairy Animals in India last year. The NDRI will be encouraging the use of the Code of Practices to academics, and in internal government training. Going forward the high welfare management practices will be implemented at the cattle yards managed by the NDRI. The National Code of Practices for Management of Dairy Animals in India covers all aspects of the industry from advice on breeding and husbandry, through to guidance on how animals should be fed and housed. Basic hygiene, sanitation and guidance on record keeping are also included. With your support we plan to drive even greater change to enrich the lives of millions of dairy animals in India. You are helping us shape the future of the dairy industry to make sure it is sustainable, giving dairy animals a better chance of improved care and protection.

OUR TEAM Vishal Gupta Managing Director vishal@pixie.co.in

N.K. Gupta General Manager + 91 999 170 5005 pcslkarnal@gmail.com

Aparna Marketing Manager + 91 999 170 5007 dairy.pcsl@gmail.com

Website : www.pixie.co.in 04

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBER Dr. J Tamizhkumaran M.VSc., PGDEP., Ph.D. (Ph. D in Veterinary & Animal Husbandry Extension Education)

Dr. Anjali Aggarwal Principal Scientist Dr. Sanjay K Latkar Alembic Pharmaceuticals Ltd Mumbai Dr. Manisha Singodia (MVSc Poultry Science, Jaipur) Dr. Annanda Das (Ph. D Scholar, WBUAFS, Kolkata) Dr. M. Arul Prakash (MVSc Assistant Professor, Tanjore) Dr. B.L. Saini (Ph. D ICAR, Izatnangar)

C O N T E N T S VALUE ADDITION OF MILK: COAGULATED MILK PRODUCTS

NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT APPROACHES FOR ..

MANAGEMENT OF ANIMALS IN RAINY SEASON

DAIRY ANIMALS HEALTH MANAGEMENT : A BRIEF OUTLINE

NEWS

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Pixie Consulting Solutions Ltd. C/o OmAng Hotel, Namaste Chowk, Near Janta Petrol Pump, KARNAL - 132001 (Haryana) INDIA Email : dairy.pcsl@gmail.com | info@pixie.co.in Website : www.pixie.co.in

Editorial Policy is Independent. Views expressed by authors are not necessarily those held by the editors. Registered as Newspaper by Register of Newspaper for India : RNI No. HARBIL/2004/22481 Editorial & Advertisements may not be reproduced without the written consent of the publishers. Whilst every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of the contents of Dairy Planner. The publishers do not accept any responsibility or liability for the material herein. Publication of news, views and information is in the interest of positive Dairy industrial development in India . It does not imply publisher's endorsement. Unpublished material of industrial interest, not submitted elsewhere, is invited. The Submitted material will not be returned. Publisher, Printer : Mr. Vishal Gupta on Behalf of Pixie Consulting Solutions Ltd. Karnal. Printed at : Jaiswal Printing Press, Jain Market, Railway Road Karnal. Published at : C/o OmAng Hotel, Namaste Chowk, Near Janta Petrol Pump, KARNAL - 132001 (Haryana) INDIA

Editor-In-Chief : Mr. Vishal Rai Gupta All Legal matters are subject to Karnal.

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

VALUE ADDITION OF MILK: COAGULATED MILK PRODUCTS Cheese Cheese is a food derived from milk that is produced in a wide range of ﬂavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein. Cheese is valued for its portability, long life, and high content of fat, protein, calcium, and phosphorus.

Introduction Milk is an almost ideal food. It has high nutritive value. It supplies body-building proteins, bone-forming minerals and health giving vitamins and furnishes energy-giving lactose and milk fat. All these properties make milk an important food for pregnant mothers, growing children, adolescents, adults, invalids, convalescents and patients alike. Milk is deﬁned as the whole, fresh, clean, lacteal secretion obtained by the complete milking of one or more healthy milch animals, excluding that obtained within15 days before or 5 days after calving or such periods as may be necessary to render the milk practically colostrums-free, and containing the minimum prescribed percentages of milk fat and milk-solids-not-fat. The major constituents of milk are: water, fat, protein, lactose, ash or mineral matter. India is the largest milk producing country in the world with the production of 165.4 million tons in 2017-18. With a surplus production like that, milk can be marketed not only as a loose commodity but transformed into various products that fetch a higher price for the producers and are more acceptable to the consumers. There are two main types of milk products, i.e. fermented and coagulated. This article explains the various coagulated milk products that can easily be prepared at home and marketed by the small marginal farmers. 05

According to the PFA Rules (1976), (hard) cheese means the product obtained by draining after the coagulation of milk with harmless milk coagulating agent, under the inﬂuence of harmless bacterial cultures. It shall not contain any ingredients not found in milk, except coagulating agent, sodium chloride, calcium chloride (anhydrous salt) not exceeding 0.02 percent by weight, annatto or carotene colour; and may contain certain emulsiﬁers and/or stabilizers, namely citric acid, sodium citrate or sodium salts of orthophosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid not exceeding 0.2 percent by weight; wax used for covering surface should not contain anything harmful to health. Incase the wax is coloured; only permitted food colors may be used. Hard cheese shall not contain more than 43.0 percent moisture and not less than 42.0 per cent milk fat of the dry matter. Hard cheese may contain 0.1 per cent of the dry matter. Hard cheese may contain 0.1 percent of sorbic acid or its sodium. Potassium or calcium salts; or 0.1 percent of nicin. Examples of Cheese from across the world include: Brick cheese, Camembert cheese, Cheddar cheese, Cottage cheese, Gorgonzola cheese, Roquefort cheese, Swiss cheese etc. Paneer Paneer is a fresh cheese common in South Asia, especially in Indian, Pa k i s t a n i , A f g h a n , N e p a l i , a n d Bangladeshi cuisines. It is an unaged, acid-set, non-melting farmer cheese or curd cheese made by curdling heated milk with lemon juice, vinegar, or any other food acids.

Preparation- Paneer is prepared by adding food acid, such as lemon juice, vinegar, citric acid or yogurt, to hot milk to separate the curds from the whey. The curds are drained in muslin or cheesecloth and the excess water is pressed out. The resulting paneer is dipped in chilled water for 2–3 hours to improve its texture and appearance. From this point, the preparation of paneer diverges based on its use and regional tradition. Chhana Chhana refers to the milk-solids obtained by the acid coagulation of boiled hot whole milk and subsequent drainage of whey. The acids commonly used are lactic or citric, in both natural and chemical forms. Food and Nutritive Value As the channa has a fairly high fat a n d p ro t e i n c o n t e n t , a n d a l s o contains some minerals, especially calcium and phosphorus, its food and nutiritive value is fairly high. It is also a good source of fat-soluble vitamins A and D(with its high protein and low sugar content, channa is highly recommended for diabetic patients). Khoa /khava/mawa Khoa/khava/mawa refers to the partially dehydrated whole milk product prepared by the continuous heating milk in a karahi over a direct fire, while also constantly stirring-cum-scrapping by using a khunti till it reaches a semi-solid (doughy) consistency. Thereafter, the pan-contents are removed from the fire and worked up into a solid mass known as khoa-pat. According to the PFA rules (1976), khoa is the product obtained from cow or buffalo(or goat or sheep) milk, or a combination thereof, by rapid drying. The milk fat content should not be less than 20% of the finished product. DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

khunti. During this operation all parts of the pan with which hte milk comes into contact are lightly scraped o prevent the milk from scorching. Constant evaporation of milk occurs and milk thickens progressively. The ﬁnal product is ready when it shows the sign of leaving the bottom and sides of the karahi and sticking together. Conclusion Preparation Normally, 2 to 3 kg or more of milk (preferably buffalo) is taken per batch and boiled in a karahi (of different sizes and shapes) over a brisk non-smoky ﬁre. The milk is strirred vigorously and constantly with a circular motion by a

Taking a basic product like milk and transforming it into something more

palatable and acceptable helps the farmers to earn some extra dimes for their families. Moreover, these products are less perishable than milk and can be stored for later marketing or consumption. Extension workers, veterinarians and professionals of agriculture and allied sciences can play an active role in sensitizing farmers about value-addition. Value addition is a proﬁtable enterprise that should be actively explored by the farmers.

Dr. Neha Thakur¹, Malti Khatri² and Mamta Chandel² ¹Assistant Professor, Dept of Livestock Products Technology, Apollo College Of Veterinary Medicine, Jaipur ¹BVSc&AH, PGIVER, RAJUVAS, Jaipur

for low, Medium and High

fat Ice-Cream. Ice-Cream Application Lab and Manufacturing Plant

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT APPROACHES FOR SUBCLINICAL ENDOMETRITIS IN CATTLE Introduction Parturition and post-partum period is a matter of great concern to the dam as well as for the offspring. There is a high risk of getting uterine infection during the late gestation, parturition and early post-par tum period. Microbial contamination during parturition is very common in dairy cattle, which has profound detrimental effect on general as well as reproductive health with a negative impact on production. Most of the animals (80-100%) have bacterial infection in their uterus within first two weeks after calving. Although host innate immune responses progressively eliminate the microbes, up to 40% of animals still have a bacterial infection three weeks after calving (Sheldon et al., 2008). Uterine involution, uterine immunity, load of microorganisms and its pathogenicity decide the fate of post-partum uterus. If the uterus does not return to its normal non-pregnant size at proposed period of time and the cleanliness of the calving pan is also not maintained satisfactorily, then there is likelihood to develop various postpartum diseases like puerperal metritis, clinical metritis, clinical endometritis, subclinical endometritis and pyometra (Sheldon et al., 2006). Out of these above mentioned diseases, subclinical endometritis is a potential threat as it remains undiagnosed by naked eyes of even a skilled veterinarian. The term subclinical endometritis is defined as an inflammation of the inner lining of uterus (Endometrium) without clinical signs of endometritis seen externally such as vaginal discharge (Sheldon et al., 2006) causing decreased reproductive performance, increased feed intake per lactation, increased number of services per conception and increased culling rate (Sheldon et al., 2008). 08

Post-partum period in cow Post-partum period is the time period for complete uterine involution or the inter val between parturition and completion of uterine involution (Kasimanickam et al., 2005). Under normal condition, the post-partum uterus reduces back to its normal size within a time period of 3 weeks whereas functional resumption requires 6 weeks. The degree of contraction of post-partum uterus is more during ﬁrst few days after delivery along with clear lochial discharge which is necessary to cleanse the uterus. PGF2α is likely to be the most important contributor of uterine size reduction during immediate post-partum period. Causes of subclinical Endometritis Endometritis and subclinical endometritis are caused by a number of microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria and fungus. The microorganisms commonly enter the vagina during the mating process, calving process or during forceful traction to relieve dystocia. Thus the infection sets in inside uterus. Uterine defense mechanism plays an important role in preventing disease process. Establishment of infectious agent and onset of disease process takes place when load of micro-organisms and their pathogenicity overwhelms uterine defense mechanism (Janeway et al., 2001). Although endometritis and subclinical endometritis are non-life-threatening

condition but it severely impairs the future reproductive performance of the affected animals and also disturbs the embr yo sur vival after successful fertilization incurring a significant economic loss to the animal owner or to the dairy industries. The most common infectious agents, which cause endometritis and subclinical endometritis, have been listedin the table below. Effect of subclinical Endometritis on fertility of dairy cattle Inflammation of the uterus due to Subclinical Endometritis(SCE) has profound negative impact on reproductive performance. 1. Irritation of the endometrium may cause premature release of prostaglandin and lysis of the corpus luteum thus resulting in shorter inter estrus interval. 2. Affected animals show prolonged days to first service and reduced first service conception rate. 3. SCE severely impairs the economic growth of dairy industry or dairy farmer by increased feed intake of animal per lactation, reduced milk yield and increased culling rate. 4. Cows with SCE have slower growth of dominant follicles, lower peripheral plasma estradiol or progesterone concentrations and are less likely to ovulate. DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

5. More number of services (~2.4) is required for conception for cows that are positive for SCE at the 4th week postpartum, whereas, less number of services (~1.7) is required for conception for cows negative for SCE. Diagnostic approaches for subclinical Endometritis Although many methods are available to diagnose uterine infection and clinical endometritis, only few of them may be used for diagnosing SCE. To diagnose SCE in herd level and for rapid screening, a cow side test is to be employed which is currently unavailable. The most recent and accurate techniques available for diagnosing Subclinical Endometritis are mentioned here under: 1. Lavage Technique: The uterine body is lavaged by infusing 60ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution (isotonic) in to the uterine body with a syringe attached to disposable plastic infusion rod. The uterus was gently massaged per rectum and then retracted to recover the fluid. As much fluid as possible was recovered by negative pressure aspiration into the syringe and transferred to a 50 ml centrifuge tube without preservatives. Uterine lavage samples were brought to the laborator y within 2 hours and centrifuged at 500 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes. A drop of sediment was smeared on to a clean microscopic slide and air-dried. All slides were fixed with methanol and stained with giemsa stain and examined under a microscope at 400x magnification by counting 80100 cells to determine the percentage of neutrophils (PMN). If greater than 5% of the cells are neutrophils per 400x microscope power field, it was categorized as subclinical endometritis. 2. Cytobrush Technique: Cytobrush is a less harmful 09

technique for the endometrium than the uterine lavage, since the fluid in u t e r i n e l a va g e m a y p r o d u c e endometrial irritation. The normal cy tobrush handle was cut to approximately 3 cm in length, threaded on to a 65cm solid stainless steel rod, and placed in a stainless steel tube 50 cm on length and 5mm in diameter for passage through the cer vix. Endometrial cytology samples were collected by rotating the cytobrush three times in a clockwise direction while in contact with the uterine wall. Slides were prepared by rolling the cytobrush on to a clean glass microscopic slide. Slides were brought to laboratory within 2 hours and stained with modified Giemsa stain. The cytobrush technique yielded sample might represent the inflammatory nature of the endometrium, compared with the uterine lavage technique, which represents diluted sample of luminal contents. Thus cytobrush technique is a more consistent and reliable method than the lavage method to obtain endometrial cytology samples from postpartum dairy cows (Kasimanickam et al., 2005). 3. Leukocyte esterase test: Presently many studies have been conducted on detecting leukocyte esterase enzyme in uterine fluid using commercially available urine analysis strips. Polymorph nuclear neutrophils are the first line of defense and are recruited to the uterus in response to inflammation. Granules in leukocytes contain esterase, which when in contact with leukocyte esterase (LE) strips, catalyze a chemical reaction and causes colour change of the strip. As the number of neutrophils increases during inflammation and the amount of LE enzyme is positively correlated with the number leukocyte present in uterus, the change of strip colour is a sure sign

of underlying inflammation. Once the cutoff value for LE enzyme in uterine fluid is validated on a large population the strip can prove useful as a cow side diagnostic tool for diagnosing SCE in a herd. 4. A c u t e p h a s e p r o t e i n s a n d inflammatory cytokines estimation: Acute phase proteins (APPs) play an important role in different stages of the inflammatory response, and thus may serve as markers of various types of diseases in cattle. Out of many acute phase proteins occurring in bovine, haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are the positive indicators for uterine infection cows as level of SAA, Hp was found to be significantly higher in serum as well as in uterine washings of cows with endometritis and subclinical endometritis. Key inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α level also increases significantly in cows with subclinical endometritis as c o m pa re d to n o r m a l h e a l t h y cows.Therefore assessing the level of cytokines and acute phase proteins in serum and uterine washings can be a useful diagnostic tool for identifying sub clinical endometritis in dairy cows. Treatment approaches for subclinical endometritis For treating SCE a veterinarian should take the decision for treating the case and also should consider the cost of treatment regime. Subclinical endometritis can be treated byprostaglandin therapythrough intra muscular injection of PGF2α (cloprostenol 500 mg) or by intrauterine antibiotic therapy (cephapirin) at 20–33 days PP to improve the reproductive performance. As different types of infectious agents involved in uterine infections, selecting a specific drug is of primary urgency. Ideally, identification of the infectious agent and drug sensitivity is done. Subsequent treatment with an DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

approved drug is the most practical, economical and efficient approach. However, there are no recommended doses on most drug labels for intrauterine therapy. The following are some of the recent and efficient treatment approachesfor subclinical endometritis. 1. Alternative enzyme therapy: As an alternative to antibiotic therapy, use of proteolytic enzymes are gaining popularity due to the fact that antibiotics require frequent administration and its residue pass through milk of dairy cattle which might affect the quality of consumed milk. Therefore, recently researches are going on to use proteolytic enzymes as a component for treating SCE. Generally a mixture of proteolytic enzymes namely chymotrypsin, trypsin and papain are used which have fibrinolytic as well as proteolytic effect on the damaged endometrium and degrades the necrotic tissue if present. Also it is important in boosting the cellular immunity as well as controlling the microbial growth inside uterus. The enzyme mixture is available as readymade ointment form (e.g. Mastivexym) or the crude form can be made m a n u a l l y. S i n g l e i n t r a u te r i n e treatment is given at spontaneous estrus. There is report on improvement in pregnancy rate in dairy cattle treated with the enzyme mixture as compared to those animals that didn’t get any treatment. Trypsin, chymotrypsin and papain have the capacity to split proteins, fat bonds and haveimmuneregulator y effect. For example papain works as a cystein-protease, similar to bacterial cystein-proteases from gram-negative anaerobes, on the CD14 molecule of macrophages and monocytes and raises up their 10

level of efficacy as the instigator of acute phase reaction. Administration of proteolytic enzymes results in better pregnancy rates as compared to E. coli LPS and levamisol (Honparkhe et al., 2014) 2. Injection of Prostaglandin: Treatment with PGF2α is only beneficial when responsive CL is present in one of the ovaries. Lysis of the CL will eventually bring most of the animal in estrogenic phase and subsequently the contaminant is eliminated from the uterus due to the uterine contraction and phagocytosis by the increased number of PMNs. In endometric cows with no palpable CL, prostaglandin treatment was found to be ineffective (LeBlanc et al., 2002). Therefore, the role of PGF2α in the therapy of uterine infections are by luteolysis of CL, improvement of contractility, elimination of immune suppressive effect of progesterone and direct stimulation of the function of immune cells due to its pro-inflammatory action in endometrium (Lewis, 2004). Due to growing concern of developing antimicrobial resistance by using antibiotics, PGF2α might prove to be effective as an alternative t h e r a p e u t i c m e t h o d t o t re a t subclinical endometritis and other uterine infections. 3. E. coli Lipopolysaccharide (E. coli LPS): A single intrauterine infusion of 100 μg E. coli lipopolysaccharide (E. coli LPS) stimulate uterine defense mechanism by bringing a population of neutrophils from

systemic circulation to the uterine lumen within 6 hrs of administration and thereby clears the infection and restores the fertility (Singh et al., 2000). E. coli LPS has been found to be most effective in controlling uterine infections as compared to other immune-modulators like lysozyme and oyster glycogen. Conclusions Clinical and subclinical endometritis are common in high producing dairy cattle, which delay the onset of ovarian cyclic activity after parturition, extend luteal phases and reduce conception rates. Uterine bacterial infections impair the function of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis and directly perturb steroidogenesis by affecting ovarian granulosa cells – providing mechanisms to explain the association between uterine disease and anovulator-yanoestrus. If cows ovulate, the corpus luteum secretes less progesterone in diseased than normal animals. Long luteal phases associated with endometritis are probably caused by a switch in endometrial prostag-landin production from PGF to PGE. Finally, the endometrial damage associated with bacterial or viral infections will fur ther reduce the chance of conception. Understanding the mechanism of uterine disease should lead to new and better treatments and/or preventatives. Future approaches will need to address how pathogens infect the endometrium, how the endometrium responds to infection and how to regulate or limit the inﬂammation in the endometrium and the ovary.

Nilendu Paul¹*, Sunil Kumar Mohapatra², and Abhishek Paul³ ¹*PhD, Scholar Division of Animal Reproduction Gynecology and Obstetrics, ²PhD, Scholar Division of Animal Biochemistry, ³PhD, Scholar Division of Livestock Production Management ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

MANAGEMENT OF ANIMALS IN RAINY SEASON Rainy season is very pleasant weather for human as well as animals. All around it's filled with green grasses, fodder in plenty during rainy season which reduces feed scarcity problem of farmer for the animals. Along with feed it is the time for farmers to start thinking about the effects of weather changes on livestock health, dietar y feeding problems, efficiency and productivity. It is the season when temperatures start to decline filled with humidity sudden after the hot environment especially during such a time when it is raining heavily in almost all parts of the country and farmer have to do everything reasonable to protect their animals by changing their habit and habitat. All the livestock need closer attention during this period because of high humidity and more exposure to disease causing microorganisms. The environmental humidity is the most critical factor which affects animals to experience stress and make an alert calls for the animals to respond a c c o rd i n g l y b y m o d i f y i n g t h e i r behaviour, for instance by seeking shelter or increasing their metabolic activity rates in attempt to manage their body temperature according to environment. Therefore, their dietary requirements increase, especially for those feeds with energy content. If animals do not get additional quality feeds, they do not meet the required energy, thus use body reserves to produce metabolic heat and maintain vital body functioning at the expense of high milk production which leads to start losing weight, reserve fat layer utilization. Rainy season mayworse for heifers as they can calve in poor body and unhygienic conditions, thus, experience difficult calving and give calves that are weak or low in weight and diseased. This period also causes high calf mortality and exposure of post natal 11

diseases like calf diarrohea, naval infection and other bacterial diseases. Mothers or dams low milk production enhances the calf mortalities which further impliesdelay return to heat of animal hence lower reproduction rates. Feed should be stored in dry places and dampness may cause high chances of Aflatoxin to grow in feed and toxicity in animal. Silage and manure should also be kept away from rain and surface water run-off. Silage is likely to cake if not well-kept hence cannot be fed to dairy cows. Manure should be piled in a store to avoid leaching of important components. The following are management measures you should take during this rainy season: 1. Always keep cows clean and dryAnimal Coats with dirt and moisture h a v e l o w e r i n s u l a t i o n va l u e . Cleanliness can be an issue this period without any excuse. To protect animals from ecto-parasites, contact the veterinarian / animal health worker for the appropriate medicine. Keep the shed/area where animals are kept, clean. Bouquets of Nirgundi, Basil or Lemon grass may be hung up in the animal shed, the scent of which keeps the ectoparasites away. Alternatively, lemon oil based disinfectant, lime, phenyl may also be used to keep the sheds clean. 2. Prevent tick infestation- Ticks are one of the most economically destabilising animal pests. They also spread faster during the rainy season too. If not treated, ticks can suck cows dry and eventually lead to death because they spread a disease called tick born diseases in entire shed. In addition, there are more flies during the wet season too. Some of the flies are just inconveniencing because they do not bite, but simply fly around the cow, thus

inconveniencing it. However, there are some flies which are deadly, for example, tsetse flies. Tsetse flies do not only suck blood from the cows, but their bite is too painful too. In addition, they spread a disease called nagana to the cows, which if not treated early leads to death. Farmers should make sure that they spray their animals regularly and cut all bushes near their shades. Producing smoke in the sheds of animals, farmers can turn away the mosquitoes etc from the vicinity of their cattle which can also leads to many diseases. 3. Feeding management- Feeding livestock purely on young grass will cause diarrhoea which can further worsen the body condition. To avoid this, mix the green pasture with hay and gradually introduce the animal to green lush. Sudden introduction of the animal to large quantities of lush pastures should be avoided at this initial stages. If possible, provide additional grain and hay. High energy is always required to animal in this period to reduce environmental humid stress. Do not let animals graze in irrigated fodder fields, since after the long summer, the sudden growth in the fodder due to the onset of monsoons, leads to the presence of poisonous cyanide in it. This is especially so in the Jowar crop. These fodder crops should, therefore, not be harvested before time or fed to animals. Perennial fodder grasses should be transplanted at this time and shall be ready for cutting in 40 – 50 days. For a balanced animal feed, maize, Jowar and bajra should be sown along with cluster beans and black-eyed peas. 4. Ensure adequate dr y bedding material for your animals- Dry sand may not be anywhere around but DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

you can use dry straws or cow mattresses. Animals need dr y bedding material for resting because wet, damp or soiled bedding contributes to health problems. 5. A n i m a l w a te r i n t a ke - C o w s , especially, need water to be availed at all times since reducing it will limit feed intake. Humidity causes restlessness which can only be reduced by providing adlib water. 6. Shelter management- Animal shelter should be clean and free from any water logging problem. Due to damp conditions, bacterial multiplication is high during such times because of hygiene challenges and cows are likely pick teat diseases.Shelter should be free from cracks and crevices. Regular use of disinfectant should be done in shed wall, ﬂoor and surrounding areas. 7. Vaccination and deworming Protect the animals from diseases caused due to excessive rainy conditions and remember to de-worm them at this time.If the animals have not yet been vaccinated against FMD,

Haemorrhagic Septicaemia, Black Quarter, Enterotoxemia etc., this must be done at this time. Adult sheep and goat must be vaccinated against PPR, Sheep/Goat Pox ,Enterotoxemia. 8. Protection from environment-Make adequate arrangements to protect the animals from slush and ﬂoods. At such times the animals should be protected against illness caused due to the heat and damp weather. Animal shed have full ventilation and cooling system to reduce humidity from the area. 9. Management of heat stress-Careful m a n a g e m e n t i s i m p o r t a n t to alleviate heat stress and maintain high production levels in lactating animals under hot and humid environmental conditions. By providing shade, increasing air

movement and repeatedly wetting the animal with cold water for greater evaporative cooling. Conclusion In hot-humid climates, although animal attempts to acclimatize through physiological changes including cutting down on feed intake and heat production, but this does not come without sacriﬁcing par t of its productivity. In order to prevent this economic loss to the farmer, there is need to understand and effectively combat seasonal stress by minimizing its impact on animal body and its productivity.Farmers and cattle owners should give a balanced diet, adlib water, proper vaccinationto their animals andregular cleaning the animal shed to save them from various dangerous seasonal vector born diseases.

Jyotsana Bhatt¹, and Alok Joshi² ¹PhD Scholar, Deptt. of Vety. Surgery & Radiology, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, Uttrakahand ²Veterinary Ofﬁcer, Deptt. of Animal Husbandry, Govt. of Uttarakhand

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

DAIRY ANIMALS HEALTH MANAGEMENT : A BRIEF OUTLINE Introduction In all dairy operations, irrespective of heard size, animal health carere presents a major component, next to genetics, feeding andman-agement quality. Because, healthy animals will show a better feed intake pattern throughout lactation and produce milk more efficiently which is primary objective of rearing. Even fertility performance will be better in healthy adult animals and healthy calves can growin a more optimal way. Healthy animals improves herd longevity by less welfare problems through out their life and finally animal health status can have a large impact on public health and food safety issues. Animal health care, comprising both non-infectious and infectious diseases, can be focused on prevention and eradication (epidemic diseases), on vaccination strategies, as wellas on disease reduction and control of (often endemic) diseasesby either a curative approach or a risk identification and risk management approach. Once animal infected its costly for curing diseases, not economical always. On the other hand, preventive animal health care costs are hardly or not seen as an investment; this represents a knowledge, perception and communication problem. Proper animal health care takes into consideration notonly the veterinary-technical and z o o te c h n i c a l i s s u e s , b u t a l s o t h e microbiological and epidemiological disease aspects, managerial and economic relevance, and further more product and production process quality assurance related features. As an ultimate outcome of such exercises, veterinaryherd health & production management programs maybe designed, as well as bio-security plans, and/or quality risk control programs. Some issues are discussed below which impar t the on effective health management. Veterinary And Zootechnical Issues Health care or disease combat is 14

classically characterized by eradication and prevention, reduction and control approaches; Eradication and prevention: Which predominantly regards epidemics of OIE list A and list B diseases like foot-andmouth-disease, brucellosis, Anthrax, leptospirosis. The art is in designing and implementing proper biosecurity plans to keep these diseases out of a country and of a farm. In case such a disease has entered a country the legal procedures of eradication will be started. Reduction and control: Which regard the mostly endemic infectious diseases of OIE list C and D, like BVD, IBR, and mastitis, and non-infectious diseases like lameness, ketosis, fertility disorders. In the case of infectious diseases among those, one may consider vaccination programs (if allowed by e.g. the EU), vaccination & following test-cull strategies like for IBR in the EU. In the latter situation, marker vaccination is used for ﬁrst reducing the prevalence of a disease in a region or country, while the disease is subsequently eradicated sector-wide through e.g. a test-and-cullpolicy. Microbiological Issues With regard to animal health care it is well-known that different infectious agents have different characteristics regarding virulence and pathogenicity, transmission routes, survival in the environment, susceptibility for antibiotics. These parameters are aid in designing an animal health care plan for dairy farms. Managerial And Economic Issues Management has to balance the inputs as well as control the risk conditions on the farm in order to achieve an optimal income. This refers to decision-making under uncertainty. Animal health care puts demands on the farmer with regard to the routine monitoring of farm conditions, performance and early diagnostics of a disease in its initial

stages. Furthermore, the farmer takes care of treatment follow-up treatment and measures. In the discussion between farmer and veterinarian, the choice of drugs will be put forward, a costs assessment will be provided, including a prognosis as well as the desired duration of treatment, given a microbiological and clinical recovery. Disease control m e a n s l e s s p ro d u c t i o n l o s s a n d costs,more farm income. There is not only a wide variation between dairy farms with regard to the prevalence of several diseases, but also with regard to the risk conditions prevailing on those farms. At least partly, this variation is associated with the observational skills of a farmer to detect early signs of disease, his awareness about risk conditions on his farm and the knowledge to deal with those risk conditions properly, his risk avoidance or risk prone attitude related to health care, and his decision making practice in economic matters. Risk identiﬁcation and risk management strategies have become a major relevance in the dairy sector these days. Biosecurity Plans Biosecurity Plans are meant to control and avoid the introduction of infectious agents into as well as the spread of such agents on the premises of the farm. Biosecurity plans refer to health management strategies and comprise key components like formal disease risk identiﬁcation and risk assessment on a particular farm. These plans make proper use of the issues addressed in fore named paragraphs and convert these i n t o a s e t of s o - c a l l e d w o r k i n g instructions or protocols. For example, a Protocol on General Hygiene procedures, a Protocol on Entrance Procedures for animals, cars, professionals, cattle, a Protocol on Disease diagnostics& Animal treatment, or a Protocol on Good Medicine ApplicationPractice.Basically these protocols are tailor-made working DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

instructions for the farmer and his farmworkers. The main objective is to reduce the effects of risk conditions or control these risks so that probability of disease will be as low as reasonably feasible on that particular dair y farm. Animal hygiene issues are essential elements in a biosecurity plan. Biosecurity is focused on both disease prevention and disease risk control. These plans are only functional when the proper hygiene practices prevail on a dairy farm, and when all who work on or around the farm have adopted the rules set out. In fact, biosecurity builds on further on a general good farming practice attitude. When the most relevant health hazards have been identified on a farm, the associated risk conditions for both introduction and spread of infections have to be identified. This can be done by conducting formal epidemiological studies, by searching text books for risk factor profiles, or by applying expert inter views e.g. adaptive conjoint analysis. The risk factors can then be quantitatively ranked in order of relevance. Then risk weighting (probability x impact) takes place to determine whether the risk is probable and or has a high impact. This can be considered paramount for designing risk prevention, elimination and/or reduction in biosecurity plans. For introducing infectious diseases onto a farm the following items are relevant risk conditions: purchasing new cattle from unknown sources, transportation trucks, mixing of animals with different health status, crossings of dirty and clean roads on the farm, professional visitors not complying to hygiene protocols, lack of quarantine, manure spread, wildlife contacts, pet animals, and rodents. Quality Risk Management Issues Quality on livestock farms usually refers to both theproduct (milk, beef,live animals) and the production process.Animal health, animal welfare and public health/food safety are features of the production process on a dairy farm. Different quality assurance systems for livestock address different 15

areas: some address the quality of milk only with a particular focus on residues of antibiotics, others address the farmer's attitude regarding quality of the end-product by applying Good Farming Practice, guidelines, and againothers address many different farming areas in an integrated manner. The Build Up of a Biosecurity Plan in 10 Steps(Noordhuizen and Silva, 2009) 1. Make the farm more closed (canals; fences; ditches; natural vegetation) 2. Design a People Entrance Protocol (hygiene barrier; boots; clothes) 3. Design an Animal Entry/Exit Protocol (health status' certiﬁcates; vaccinations; trucks) 4. Determine on-farm Units and Sections; design Protocols for eachunit/ section 5. Set protocols for Health Care, for Feeding Management; Hygiene &Disinfection 6. Design an on-farm Monitoring Protocol

withdrawal periods; check milk of cows and bulk milk before delivery. Salmonellosis: Refuse manure from unknown sources; hygiene barriers for people, trucks, materials; purchase only cattle with salmonellosis-free certificate; pretest animals before entry into herd; check manure and surface water contamination; avoid cattle-to-wildlife contacts; avoid feedstuffs from unknown sources; plan proper pasturing after dunging. Preventive reproductive Health Management programme: Efficient reproduction health management leads to a number of benefits, such as reduced cullingrate, reduced cost of treatment in repeat breeders, earlier first calving heifers for replacement and earlier genetic improvement in the herd. It has been proved that to increase farm efficiency by cutting costs using available resources, the easiest and most practical way is to improver eproductive efficiency. It should be understood that reproductive inefficiency has profound impact on farm economics. Consequences of Low reproductive Efficiency in Dairy Animals

7. Instruct Farm worker s; assign responsibilities; evaluate performances

1. A false impression of increase in milk production

8. Deﬁne a farm-speciﬁc Training Program for the farm workers in thedifferent units

2. Long calving interval results in more milk in lactation but less milk per day of life because cows spend more time in late lactation and dry period

9. Evaluate the critical risk conditions in all units on ﬁxed time points 10. Have regular Team Assessments for possible adjustments of the Hazard Areas and their CCP or POPA on a Dairy Farm, Examples Milk-borne zoonoses: Purchased cattle should be free from pathogens/ d i s e a s e s ; h e a l t h c e r t i ﬁ c a t e s a re warranted; testing of cattle prior to entry into the herd should be conducted; hygiene barriers at farm entrance for people, trucks, materials. Residues of antibiotics: Identify treated animals properly; keep records of treated a n i m a l s ; a d m i n i s te r t h e a d v i s e d veterinary drugs adequately; respect

3. When calving interval is long fewer calves are born so culling is slow and geneticprogress is slow. 4. Culling due to reproduction failure is high so increased cost of replacement. 5. High veterinary, semen costs, over conditioning of cow/buffalo due to long dryperiod. Examination of cows/buffaloes abnormal of calving: All cows or buffaloes that had abortion, retained placenta, uterine infection with abnormal discharge or abnormal length of estrus cycle, should be examined at the earliest, preferably 15-21 days postcalving. DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

Integration with other programmes: The PRHMP must be integrated with other programmes such as herd health and productivity management, udder health and replacement stock management programme. There is also need to integrate it with fodder management in the farmso as to provide holistic management system. Optimize nutrition and monitor the efﬁciency: In fertility management, nutrition plays an important role. When the data suggests that the problem is having common source many a time itis either nutrition or sanitation. Early treatment of reproductive pathologies: All cows must be examined routinely for detecting any underlying pathologies and infection. Once detected, treatment should be started atthe earliest. Reducing infectious abortions: The farm/ cooperative should have a well deﬁned policy of testing herd animals

and new entrants for diseases that lead to abortion. Amongst all diseases of reproductive system caused by m i c ro o rg a n i s m s , B r u c e l l o s i s a n d Leptospirosis have assumed special significance in view of the public health apart from losses these cause to our dairyfarmers on account of abortions. Key Factors Deciding Reproduction Efficiency 1. Plan to get the animal in estrus as early as possible. This can be achieved with good calving practices to prevent uteri ne i nfecti on and preventing negative energy in first 2 months after calving. 2. Set up accurate heat detection system and inseminate animals after voluntary wait period at the correct time.

3. Ensure that the semen or bull used for breeding is of good quality and fertility. 4. Ensure that more than 80 percent breedable animals in the herd are pregnant with in 120days of calving. 5. Avoid debilitating post- parturient diseases. Such as hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, ketosis and hypomagnesemia. This requires regular metabolic profiling of commercial or village herd to detect nutrition insufficiency problems and intervention. 6. Monitor efficiency by calculating performance indices, these are easy to calculate and can be done even with calculator.

Dr Jeevan C¹, Dr Vinayananda C O², Dr Harshini V³ and Dr Rosengsensusang⁴ ¹Dept of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Madras Veterinary College, ²Dept of Livestock prodcuts technology, Madras Veterinary College, ³Dept of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Madras Veterinary College, ⁴ACTO (Animal Science) KVK, Mokokchung

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

BENEFITS OF COW DESI GHEE

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

NEWS CO-OPS UNFAIRLY CAUTIOUS WHEN HIGHER A WOMEN-OWNED DAIRY MILK PRICES JUSTIFIED FOR MAY MILK IN ANDHRA PRADESH peaking only days before the ﬁrst re t u r n s , m a k i n g t h e m pa y f o r EYES THE BIG LEAGUE

co-ops decide their May milk prices, IFA National Dairy Chairman Tom Phelan yesterday said that a price increase of at least 1c/l was justiﬁed in most cases, especially for those coops which have been paying less than the Ornua PPI equivalent for the last few months. Mr Phelan said: "All indicators we have been monitoring for the last couple of months have returned more than the main Irish co-ops have been paying. The May Ornua PPI, which tracks the products and prices traded for the month in question and is therefore very representative of Irish co-ops' activity, at 30.45c/l + VAT, is only matched or bettered by the 4 West Cork Co-ops. Since April, with co-ops cutting prices and the Ornua PPI increasing by 1.4 points, the gap between co-op payouts and the Ornua index has in fact widened. "Beyond the Ornua PPI, the EU MMO for early June would return an Irish milk price equivalent of 30.81c/l + VAT (32.47c/l incl VAT) after deduction of a notional processing cost of 5c/l. Average EU spot quotes for butter and SMP on 5 June would have returned a milk price equivalent of 32.02c/l + VAT (33.73c/l incl VAT) using the same processing cost. "A drought induced downturn in New Zealand output (-8.4 percent for April) could inﬂuence early 2019/20 production and help maintain the supply/demand balance to sustain higher dairy prices. "It is clear that Irish co-ops are being overly cautious, and are denying farmers the real current market 19

potential impact from Brexit which have yet to materialise. Meanwhile, markets are returning more than they are paying back to farmers – this is unfair, when this is the time dairy farmers generate the bulk of their income, and paying back last year's massively increased bills is taking every available cent. "There is clear scope for co-ops to increase the price they pay to farmers, in most cases by at least 1c/l for May milk. I urge co-op board members, when they sit down to decide in the next few days, to see to it that this is passed back to their fellow dairy farmers."

D A I R Y FA R M E R S , CONSUMERS KICK OFF DAIRY MONTH WITH WORLD MILK DAY

airy farmers around the country and even the globe were joined by consumers in celebrating the nourishment that milk provides on World Milk Day. The festivities were held on June 1, which also served as the start of National Dairy Month in the U.S according to dairyherd.com. Farmers and consumers went to social media using the hashtags #WorldMilkDay and #JuneDairyMonth to bring awareness to one of the most complete meals available in a glass. Here is a sampling of the Tweets, Instagram and Facebook posts that people were putting out

efore Shreeja entered her life, middle-aged Gangamma of Palamaner mandal in Andhra Pradesh's Chittoor district had to be content with the daily drudgery of maintaining her barn and selling the milk from her cows to a private supplier. And that came with the attendant problems of ﬁrst realising payments from the buyer, and once the money was received, risk having the cash commandeered by a dominant male member of the family — father, husband, son or father-in-law.But once Gangamma joined the dair y cooperative, the Tirupati-based Shreeja Mahila Milk Producer Company, life changed unimaginably for the better. Along with an army of more than 83,000 women, she is now a proud co-owner of a dairy that not only procures 3.5 lakh litres of milk every day but has become a 'gamechanger' in the milk-rich Chittoor district.Shreeja, arguably the world's largest dairy that is exclusively owned by women, was established under the emerging concept of a 'producer company' in September 2014. Backed by the National Dairy Development Board ( N D D B ) , S h re e j a i s c o n s i d e re d a miniature of Amul — every supplier here becomes a shareholder, or conversely, milk is procured only from shareholders. As a result, the shareholder base has spread across the State's three southern districts of Chittoor, Anantapuram and Nellore besides the bordering areas in Ta m i l N a d u a n d K a r n a t a k a . T h e cooperative principles of democratic governance and autonomy are also strictly adhered to. Women are not just shareholders, but also handle key positions on the board, as 11 of them are always on the 15-member governing board on a rotation basis, apart from three expert directors and a Chief Executive Ofﬁcer. DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

NEWS KRAFT HEINZ WEIGHS SALE OF ITS BREAKSTONE'S SOUR CREAM AND COTTAGE CHEESE BUSINESS

raft Heinz, as part of a broad overhaul, continues to put longtime brands on the block. One of the latest is its Breakstone’s business, which sells cottage cheese, butter and sour cream.Kraft Heinz has hired Royal Bank of Canada to review options for its Breakstone’s business, which could include a sale, people familiar with the situation tell CNBC. The move is understood to be part of a broader review of the company’s dairy business, which also includes its natural cheese business, the people said.It comes as Kraft Heinz also weighs selling its Maxwell House coffee business, CNBC previously repor ted.Breakstone’s, which has roughly $400 million in revenue and $50 million in earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, could fetch a valuation of roughly $400 million, the people said. It could appeal to dairy companies like Dean Foods, Saputo or national milk cooperative, Dairy Farmers of America, one of the people said. Shares of Kraft Heinz moved up more than 1 percent on the news in after hours trading, giving it a market capitalization of $39 billion. Kraft Heinz last year announced the sale of its Canadian natural cheese business to Italian dairy group Parmalat for C$1.62 billion ($1.23 billion). The sale, along with lowered sales growth expectations for its cheese business, led the company to take a $4.1 billion impairment charge on the Kraft brand in February. Dairy sales have slowed in 20

recent years as U.S. diners increasingly eschew dairy products or look to nondairy alternatives like oat, soy and almond milk. Those challenges are exacerbated by a multi-year period of weak milk prices.The U.S. has a $1.4 billion cheese surplus, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Sales of cottage cheese, meantime, have steadily declined since the days when it was a dieting favorite in the 1970′s. At that time, Americans were eating an average of 5 pounds of cottage cheese a year, according to the USDA.Shares of leading U.S. dairy producer Dean Foods, owner of brands like Organic Valley milk, DairyPure sour cream and TruMoo milk, have fallen 68 percent over the past year. The company, which has a market capitalization of $263 million, said it was exploring a sale earlier this month. It reported a net loss from continuing operations of $3.63 a share for 2018 and sales slipped 0.5 percent from the year prior.The challenges in dairy are only one of the multiple issues Kraft Heinz is currently facing. Its shares are down 25 percent after the company delivered a triple whammy of bad news in late February — a signiﬁcant earnings miss, dividend reduction and a $15 billion write-down that, in addition to Kraft, also included its Oscar Mayer brand.Kraft Heinz was created by 3G Capital and Berkshire Hathaway, which bought H.J. Heinz in 2013 and merged it with Kraft two years later. 3G Capital developed a reputation i n t h e U . S . f o r i t s “ z e ro - ba s e d budgeting” process in which managers much justify every cost, every year. That approach to cost management was initially prized in the U.S. food industry, where industry executives acknowledged expenses had become bloated with extravagances like private

planes and other costs.But critics have argued 3G took its cost-cutting to an extreme, particularly in areas like research and development. That forced Kraft Heinz’s brands to play defense at a time start-ups and retailers hawking their own brands were playing offense. At natural food convention Expo West last week, there were nearly 5,000 food companies vying for investor and consumer attention. Of those, there were 203 exhibitors promoting new cheese products, like Kite Hill nut milk cheese and Cypress Grove fresh goat milk cheese with lavender and fennel.All of Big Food, from General Mills to Kellogg, has felt the squeeze as sales growth has slowed. But Kraft Heinz suffered a public fall from grace when Unilever rebuffed its acquisition approach two years ago, dinging its reputation and putting pressure on its stock price. In the interim, savings from its budgeting approach have stalled.Adding to the pressure are rising commodity prices, which 3G critics have said the company prepared insufﬁciently for by focusing too much on cost-cutting and eventual dealmaking.Now, Kraf t Heinz is slimming its portfolio as it looks to bring leverage down to three times EBITDA, rather than the four times at which analysts say it is currently pegged. Analysts note it has $3 billion of debt coming due in 2020, which may have to be reﬁnanced.A prime focus for Kraft Heinz as it prunes its business are brands it views as commodities and no longer hold sway over consumers. Both coffee and dair y face immense competition from cheaper private label products or higher-end niche products. The Heinz brand, by contrast, has grown 26 percent over the past six years, according to Nielsen. DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

NEWS MOTHER DAIRY JOINS HANDS WITH DTC FRENCH DAIRY MAJOR LACTALIS LOOKING FOR TO SET UP KIOSKS AT BUS DEPOTS, ACQUISITIONS IN NORTH INDIA HOUSING COLONIES

rance's Lactalis plans acquisitions in northern India after bagging the dairy products business of Prabhat Dairy for Rs 1,700 crore and two other companies. The three acquisitions enabled Lactalis to do business in south, central and western India through and it wants to be in the north next, said Rahul Kumar, chief executive ofﬁcer of Lactalis India. Lactalis ﬁrst acquired Thirumala Milk Products Pvt Ltd, which has a strong presence in South India, in 2014 and then bought Anik in 2016.

other Dairy currently operates around 900 booths and 250 kiosks at various locations and societies in the National Capital Region. Leading milk supplier Mother Dairy on Tuesday announced partnership with Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC) to set up 31 kiosks at latter's bus depots, terminals and housing colonies as part of its efforts to expand presence in the National Capital Region. Mother Dairy sells over 30 lakh litres of token and pouched milk per day in Delhi-NCR. "The company has been allotted space to operate 31 kiosks of which 21 kiosks have been set-up at various locations of DTC's bus depots, terminals, colonies, etc. The remaining 10 kiosks will be opened in a phased manner," the company said in a statement. Mother Dairy MD Sangram Chaudhary and DTC MD Manoj Kumar (IAS) inaugurated a kiosk at DTC's IP Estate Bus Depot. The dairy ﬁrm will offer all products in its kiosks, including products from Safal and Dhara. Mother Dair y currently operates 21

around 900 booths and 250 kiosks at various locations and societies in the National Capital Region. "We, at Mother Dairy, have been instrumental in offering quality and nutritious products in close vicinity of our consumers. With the addition of these kiosks, we will be serving not only the residents but also the consumers on the go," Chaudhary said. "DTC has been in the forefront with providing last mile connectivity to the residents of Delhi-NCR. With a daily ridership of more than 32 lakh passengers, it was only natural to join hands with another ubiquitous Delhi institution like Mother Dairy to provide convenience to the commuters as well as residents of nearby colonies," Kumar said. Mother Dairy was commissioned in 1974 as a wholly owned subsidiary of the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB). The company sells dairy products under the 'Mother Dairy' brand, edible oils under 'Dhara' brand, and fresh fruits & vegetables, frozen vegetables, pulses and honey under the 'Safal' brand.

In Januar y 2019, the company announced it had acquired Maharashtra's Prabhat Dairy. Lactalis has dairy plants in India and manages 1.5 million litres of milk every day. "We are looking at further acquisitions, to expand our presence in the country. We have presence in South and West now, but we do not have presence in Nor th India," said Kumar, while speaking the reporters in the sidelines of launch of Thirumala Milk's fortiﬁed fresh toned milk targeting children. However, he did not comment on the size of acquisitions the company might be looking at Kumar said that Thirumala Milk Products contributes around Rs 1900 crore, of which 80 per cent is from liquid milk sales while the rest is from products, Prabhat will contribute around Rs 1500 crore, of which 80 per cent is dairy products. Anik contributes around Rs 600 crore, of which 50 per cent is liquid milk sales while the rest is dairy products. The company said that with the Prabhat acquisition the company is moving towards becoming the largest private sector player in the segment DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

NEWS DAIRY TASK FORCE 2.0 THIS DAIRY-FREE RANCH AMUL, THE LARGEST MILK SET TO MEET JUNE 21 DRESSING IS PRIMED FOR COOPERATIVE IN INDIA YOUR SUMMERTIME SALADS INSTALLED REVERSE VENDING MACHINE (RVM)

he Wisconsin Dairy Task Force 2.0 will meet at 1 p.m. on Friday, June 21 at the Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection (DATCP), 2811 Agriculture Drive, Madison. The meeting is open to the public and w i l l b e l e d b y C h a i r D r. M a r k Stephenson. During the meeting, the group will adopt the ﬁnal repor t as the recommendations of the Dairy Task Force 2.0. Members will also be recognized for their contributions and dedicated service to the Dairy Task Force 2.0 since it began last summer according to wisfarmer.com. The Dairy Task Force 2.0 was created as a joint effort between DATCP and the University of Wisconsin System to facilitate communication across the industry. The Dairy Task Force 2.0 and its nine sub-committees have held more than 45 meetings and teleconferences since August in various locations around the state. During these discussions, members developed and adopted 51 recommendations on actions needed to maintain a viable and proﬁtable dairy industry in our state. Recommendations highlight various topics, including the need for investment in research, increased innovation, and expanded market development. Dairy Task Force 2.0 items, including meeting materials, public comment information, the membership list and recommendations, are available at dairytaskforce.wi.gov. For more details, call 608-224-5002. 22

hen salad season heats up, one thing keeps my kitchen humming: a good homemade dressing. Sure, I’ll throw together a makeshift vinaigrette here and there, combining the bits from almost-used jars of condiments with vinegar and oil. I also adore creamy dressings — green goddess, ranch and the like — that typically take a little more thought. A traditional recipe for one of the latter is all well and good, but when I want an a l te rn a t i ve to a m a yo n n a i s e o r buttermilk base, I get creaminess by including nuts (cashews are classic) in the blend. Still, I hear often from readers who want nut substitutes because of allergies. That’s where Terry Hope Romero’s new salad cookbook comes to the rescue, particularly with a recipe for Sunflower Ranch Dressing. She has you soak raw sunflower seeds and blend them with nondairy milk and a handful of other ingredients — including a good dose of garlic and s o m e f re s h h e r b s a c c o rd i n g to washingtonpost.com. The punch of garlicky flavor is at home anywhere a traditional ranch would be: Salad greens top the list, naturally, but drizzle or dollop this on any combination of vegetables — try it on baked potatoes, white or sweet — and you’ll be happy. MAKE AHEAD: You’ll need to soak the sunflower seeds for at least 1 hour, and up to overnight. For best flavor, the dressing can be refrigerated for 2 to 3 days.

s a part of its EPR (Extended Producer Responsibility), AMUL, the largest milk cooperative in India in collaboration with Reliance has installed Reverse Vending Machine (RVM) at its River Front Parlour, Ahmedabad. The machine was inaugurated by Municipal Commissioner of Ahmedabad – Shri Vijay Nehra today on 5th June, the World Environment Day. Besides recycling the plastic, this will also create awareness among the consumers to beat the plastic pollution. The machine is capable of instantly crushing the PET bottle, thus making the PET bottle recycling very easy and convenient for its customers. After crushing, this crushed PET granules can be recycled and value added products such as T-shirt, Jacket, bag etc can be made. On similar line AMUL along with Reliance have a plan to install such machine at several locations in Ahmedabad. On the occasion of World Environment Day, AMUL planted 200 trees today at its dairy plant near Gandhinagar and is committed to take all measures to combat the environmental pollution– says, General Manager, AmulFed Dary, Gandhinagar. DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

NEWS DAIRY FARM UNDER INVESTIGATION NATIONAL CHEESE AFTER UNDERCOVER FOOTAGE DAY HELPS CONTINUE REVEALS ANIMAL ABUSE DAIRY MONTH CELEBRATION months ago before we ever knew that there was an undercover video operation.”

McCloskey said that the four th e m p l o y e e ’s b e h a v i o r h a d g o n e unreported, but he was ﬁred Tuesday afternoon.

n Indiana dairy farm is under investigation and stores are pulling its products from their shelves after undercover footage caught workers force-feeding, beating and kicking calves.

According to McCloskey, the farm’s staff are trained in animal welfare and sign a document vowing to report any abuse they witness to a supervisor. Outlining the company’s next steps, McCloskey said he plans to install surveillance cameras around the farm. He initially decided against it, he said, citing concerns over jeopardizing trust with his employees.

Graphic footage made public Tuesday by the Animal Recovery Mission, which brands itself as a nonproﬁt “vanguard defense organization,” shows workers at Fair Oaks Farms dragging the animals by their ears, stomping on their heads and chucking them into crates. The video also shows what the narrator describes as a secret dump site, where there are dead calves.

McCloskey also warned that he is in contact with an attorney to prosecute animal abusers, and hopes to reach the state’s attorney general for further assistance.

The farm hired an undercover investigator from ARM as a calf care employee, according to an ARM press release. The employee ﬁlmed the footage with surveillance equipment between August and November 2018.

But the matter has already resulted in consequences for the Fairlife dairy brand, which the farm supplies. McCloskey founded Fairlife, and its products are distributed nationwide through the Coca-Cola Company.

Local law enforcement is investigating the farm in the wake of the video’s release, CBS News reported according to hufﬁngtonpost.in.

Outrage over the abuses has prompted grocers in the Midwest to pull Fairlife items from their shelves, NBC News reported.

In a response Wednesday, Fair Oaks Farms owner Mike McCloskey, who founded the business with wife, Sue, apologized and said three of the four workers shown in the video “had been reported by their coworkers for animal cruelty and were terminated three

At the end of McCloskey’s statement, he said there may more damaging footage yet to come.“We understand that ARM may release future videos, but we believe very strongly that all of these changes will address any future concerns,” he said.

Fair Oaks will also arrange “frequent unannounced audits” every two to four weeks and intends to hire an animal welfare expert to monitor the farm.

s National Dairy Month is just starting to get rolling another reminder for consumers to enjoy dairy products hit when National Cheese Day came on the calendar on June 4 As National Dairy Month is just starting to get rolling another reminder for consumers to enjoy dairy products hit when National Cheese Day came on the calendar on June 4. Pizzerias around the country like Pizza Hut, Giordano’s and Bertucci’s Brick Oven & Pastawere all offering deals on cheese pizzas or adding extra cheese onto your pizza pie according to dairyherd.com. There were also plenty of people who took to social media celebrate National Cheese Day.

DAIRY PLANNER Contact..

999-170-5007 DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

Cows may seem like simple creatures - most of us have seen them grazing with seemingly not a care in the world. Well, there's more to these ruminants than meets the eye. Here are 20 facts you probably haven't heard about cows:

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

Paneer Tikka Time Period 1 Year INR 1000 3 Years INR 2500 Life Time INR 8000

USD 160 USD 250 USD 800

(Life Time period 10 Years)

Ingredients Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ

250 gm Paneer (Indian Cottage Cheese) 1/2 Cup Diced Onions 1 Cup Colored Capsicum (Green, Yellow & Red Bell Peppers) 1/2 Cup Strained Yogurt (Curd) 1 Teaspoon Ginger Garlic Paste 1/2 Teaspoon Turmeric Powder (Haldi) 1 Teaspoon Red Chilli Powder 1/2 Teaspoon

Directions Ÿ Ÿ

Ÿ Ÿ

Pixie Consulting Solutions Ltd. C/o OmAng Hotel, Namaste Chowk, Near Janta Petrol Pump, KARNAL - 132001 (Haryana) INDIA Email : dairy.pcsl@gmail.com | info@pixie.co.in Website : www.pixie.co.in

Strain 1 cup Yogurt in a muslin cloth to remove water. You can also you Greek Yogurt instead. Then beat the Yogurt in a large mixing bowl. Add the Ginger-Garlic paste to the yogurt. Also add Turmeric Powder (Haldi), Red Chilli Powder, Garam Masala, Coriander Powder (Dhania Powder), Chaat Masala, Cumin Powder (Jeera Powder) and Salt. Dice the Paneer into thick inch cubes. Dice the onions and capsicum (bell peppers) into roughly 1 inch squares. Remove the seeds from the capsicum. You can also add diced tomatoes. Add all the vegetables to the curd. Mix well to coat the Paneer and vegetables with the spicy Yogurt paste. Cover the bowl and let the Paneer marinate for 20-30 minutes Arrange the Paneer and vegetables on a skewer. Try to have 2 Paneer pieces per skewer alternated with 2-3 pieces of vegetables. Ensure that you have roughly the same distribution of the Paneer and vegetables on all skewers. Then brush oil on a tawa or pan and place the skewers on it. If you don't have skewers, you can also use toothpicks, or just grill the Paneer directly. Let the Paneer Tikka cook for a minute and then turn it. Cook till the edges of the Paneer and vegetables start to char slightly. If making Paneer Tikka in an oven, you can bake it for 15 minutes at 240 C (450 F) and then broil for 5 minutes to get the char. Paneer Tikka is ready. You can sprinkle a few drops of Lemon Juice and some Chaat Masala on it before serving. Serve it hot along with Mint Chutney and Lachcha Salad.

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NEWS/EVENT CALENDER HART DAIRY SUCCESSFULLY CLOSES ITS PLANNED $10 MILLION SEED ROUND TO PIONEER THE 100% FREERANGE, GRASS-FED DAIRY MOVEMENT IN AMERICA

art Dairy receives increased capital from reputable institutions to support premium product growth and innovation Hart Dairy, the ethically-driven, largest single-source producer of 100% free-range, grass-fed milk in America, is proud to announce that it has successfully closed its planned $10 million seed round to catalyze the long-term growth of the company. The funding round was led by Sydney-based Alium Capital to enable Hart Dairy’s growth in America and Asia. Hart Dairy will deploy the capital to further expand their premium and better-for-you dairy product offerings,

increase production capabilities and continue the innovation of their forwardthinking and industry-leading animal welfare practices. “This significant influx of new capital is a clear validation of how we see free-range, grass-fed milk emerging in America,” said Hart Dairy Chief Executive Officer Tim Connell. “With consumers’ paradigm shift toward better-for-you products and our recent Certified Humane® certification for the farms we care for most, we believe we are on the right trajectory. Having a worldclass organization such as Alium Capital in

our corner is a huge endorsement for Hart Dairy as we continue to grow and pioneer the 100% free-range, grass-fed movement for our cherished consumers according to finance.yahoo.com.” “We were very impressed with Hart Dairy’s exceptional operation, along with their ability to recognize and fill this significant gap in the dairy market,” said Alium Director Jason Rich. “We were also attracted by the team’s ability to scale quickly and, most importantly, they have the expert management team in place to execute appropriately to achieve success in this category.”

Event Calender JULY 2019 Event

: 3rd International Symposium on “Milk, driver of Development Date : 12-13 June 2019 Venue : Dakar, Senegal Web. : www.fao.org

JULY 2019 Event

: NCBA Cattle Industry Summer Business Meeting Date : 29 July - 1 Aug 2019 Venue : Aurora, Colorado, USA

AUGUST 2019 Event Date

: Nor thern Beef Research Update conference : 19-22nd Aug 2019

Venue

: Brisbane, Australia

AUGUST 2019 Event

: Canadian Beef Industry Conference 2019 Date : 13-15 Aug 2019 Venue : Calgary, Canada

AUGUST 2019 Event Date

: Dairy Tech India 2019 : 30th Aug. - 01st Sep. 2019

Venue

: Bangalore International Exhibition Centre (BIEC) Bangalore, India

SEPTEMBER 2019 Event

Horticulture, Dairy, Food Processing & Aquacutural

Date Venue Web.

OCTOBER 2019 Event

: Australian Lot Feeder’ Association SMARTBEEF Date : 2nd-3rd Oct 2019 Venue : Queensland, Australia

OCTOBER 2019 Event

: DIARY INDUSTRY EXPO 2019 Date : 11-12-13 Oct 2019 Venue : Pune India

OCTOBER 2019 Event : Dairy Fest 2019 Date : 19-21 October 2019 Venue : RBML College Ground Telibagh Chauraha, Raibarelly Web. : www.dairyfest.in 26

: American Angus Association Convention Date : 2nd 4th Nov 2019 Venue : Reno, Nevada, USA

: 7-8 September 2019 : 3rd Floor,Hitex Building,Izzat Nagar Hyderabad,Telangana. : www.agritex.co.in

OCTOBER 2019 Event

: Dairy & Food Industry Expo 2019 Date : 11-13 October 2019 Venue : Auto Cluster Exhibition Center Mob. : 8607463377

NOVEMBER 2019 Event

: Agritex, 7th International Agricultural,

NOVEMBER 2019 Event

: Agro & Poultry East Africa 2019 Date : 15-17 Nov 2019 Venue : Sarit Centre, Nairobi Kenya

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 6 | JUNE 2019

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