Dairy Planner - JULY 2019 by PIXIE CONSULTING SOLUTIONS LTD.

JULY 2019

MONTHLY BILINGUAL

HARBIL/2004/22481

INR 100

Tittle Code HARBIL00698

Vol.16 | No. 7 | July - 2019

Ÿ Co-ops unfairly cautious when higher milk prices justiﬁed for may milk Ÿ Dairy farmers, consumers kick off dairy month with world milk day Ÿ A women-owned dairy in andhra pradesh eyes the big league Ÿ Kraft heinz weighs sale of its breakstone's sour cream and cottage cheese business Ÿ Mother dairy joins hands with dtc to set up kiosks at bus depots, housing colonies Ÿ French dairy major lactalis looking for acquisitions in north india Ÿ This dairy-free ranch dressing is primed for your summertime salads Ÿ Amul, the largest milk cooperative in india installed reverse vending machine (rvm)

From the Pen of Chief Editor DNR needs authority to regulate farms

Editorial

The Wisconsin Dairy Business Association has filed a lawsuit that would, if successful, take Wisconsin in the opposite direction of where it needs to go in regulating large dairy farms, The result could be more pollution of the state's waters, including vital groundwater sources on which many rely for clean drinking water, from dairy herds that are getting ever larger, The lawsuit says the state Department of Natural Resources is overstepping its authority by requiring dairy farms with 700 or more cows to obtain a wastewater permit, the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel reportedFederal regulations require a permit only when there is a discharge of manure and water into streams and the state is going too far the group says, The problem is that direct discharge into streams rarely happens,but manure and water still can enter the state's waters via farm runoff and groundwater, Take Kewaunee County, home to nearly 100,000 cows, where residents have for years struggled with polluted wells and manure runoff, Kewaunee County Supervisor Lee Luft told the Journal Sentinel that while the dairy association's press statement dealt with managing rainwater, the larger issue is the group's contention that large farms in most cases would not be required to obtain a wastewater permit, If anyone really believes the Dairy Business Association and its members were interested in finding solutions to our problems, their suit should put an end to that Luft said ,This is not just one county's problem. The number of concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs), in Wisconsin has grown by 400 percent from 50 in 2000 to 252 in 2016, agency figures show, and has played a key role in growing milk production as farm numbers fall, the Journal Sentinel reported, There is reason to believe the suit could succeed and expose more residents to the possibility of manure-related pollution, In a formal opinion last year, state Attorney General Brad Schimel said the DNR lacked the authority to deny well applications even if an irrigation well posed harm to nearby streams and lakes. Schimel based his opinion on a 2011 law that limits the power of state agencies by requiring them to first obtain approval from the Legislature before imposing regulations, With that law, the Legislature left the door open to environmental harm,It's all the excuse that some need to escape reasonable state regulation, We hope the group loses in court, But there's another option. We're not going to hold our breath, but legislators could make the suit moot by expressly giving the DNR the authority it needs to do its job protecting the state's vital natural resources from environmental harm.

OUR TEAM Vishal Gupta Managing Director vishal@pixie.co.in

Siddhi Gupta Co-Editor

N.K. Gupta General Manager + 91 999 170 5005 pcslkarnal@gmail.com

Aparna Marketing Manager + 91 999 170 5007 dairy.pcsl@gmail.com Website : www.pixie.co.in 04

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBER Dr. J Tamizhkumaran M.VSc., PGDEP., Ph.D. (Ph. D in Veterinary & Animal Husbandry Extension Education)

Dr. Anjali Aggarwal Principal Scientist Dr. Sanjay K Latkar Alembic Pharmaceuticals Ltd Mumbai Dr. Manisha Singodia (MVSc Poultry Science, Jaipur) Dr. Annanda Das (Ph. D Scholar, WBUAFS, Kolkata) Dr. M. Arul Prakash (MVSc Assistant Professor, Tanjore) Dr. B.L. Saini (Ph. D ICAR, Izatnangar)

C O N T E N T S MILK EJECTION REFLEX IN BOVINES

BLOAT- A MOST COMMON SPRING SEASON PROBLEM IN CATTLE

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES OF GOAT MILK

SUB CLINICAL MASTITIS: A THREAT TO DAIRY FARMING: DIAGNOSIS, ...

NEWS

Recipe

Event Calender

Pixie Consulting Solutions Ltd. C/o OmAng Hotel, Namaste Chowk, Near Janta Petrol Pump, KARNAL - 132001 (Haryana) INDIA Email : dairy.pcsl@gmail.com | info@pixie.co.in Website : www.pixie.co.in

Editorial Policy is Independent. Views expressed by authors are not necessarily those held by the editors. Registered as Newspaper by Register of Newspaper for India : RNI No. HARBIL/2004/22481 Editorial & Advertisements may not be reproduced without the written consent of the publishers. Whilst every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of the contents of Dairy Planner. The publishers do not accept any responsibility or liability for the material herein. Publication of news, views and information is in the interest of positive Dairy industrial development in India . It does not imply publisher's endorsement. Unpublished material of industrial interest, not submitted elsewhere, is invited. The Submitted material will not be returned. Publisher, Printer : Mr. Vishal Gupta on Behalf of Pixie Consulting Solutions Ltd. Karnal. Printed at : Jaiswal Printing Press, Jain Market, Railway Road Karnal. Published at : C/o OmAng Hotel, Namaste Chowk, Near Janta Petrol Pump, KARNAL - 132001 (Haryana) INDIA

Editor-In-Chief : Mr. Vishal Rai Gupta All Legal matters are subject to Karnal.

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

MILK EJECTION REFLEX IN BOVINES Ejection of milk is accomplished by contraction of the myoepithelial cells surrounding eachalveolus. The ejection process results in a rapid transfer of milk from the lobulo-alveolar spaces into larger ducts. The flow of milk due to passive withdrawal, which is greatly increased following ejection, is commonly known as letdown. In some occasions, the intramammary pressure is sufficiently great to overcome the resistance of the teat sphincter so that the milk may leak from the teat. Milk ejection usually is the only way in which milk in the alveolar lumen can be expressed from the gland. The process of milk ejection can occur under many conditions. Milk ejection can occur under water - as for whales, porpoises, sea-cows, sea otters, and hippopotamus. Milk ejection also can occur while in flight as for some bat species. A small amount of milk may be obtained from the teat cistern, the gland cistern, and the large ducts of a cow by passive milk removal in the absence of milk ejection. However, to get milk from the alveoli requires an active process called the milk ejection reflex. In 1910, Ott and Scott discovered that extracts from the posterior pituitary could cause an increase in milk flow from a cannulated teat and some years later it was observed that the extracts from the posterior pituitary caused an increase in intra mammary pressure (Gaines, 1915). In 1941, it was observed that milk ejection was a neuroendocrine reflex (Ely and Peterson, 1941), and a year later it was observed that a factor called oxytocin, detected in the blood, caused contraction of the myoepithelial cells surrounding the alveoli (Peterson and Ludwick, 1942). The role of oxytocin was then further demonstrated by Andersson, (1951), who discovered that the reflex included a terminal hormonal component. Suckling not only provides the young

with nutrients but is also a way to establish social contact between the mother and young. The biology of the milk ejection reflex has therefore been of considerable scientific interest both in farm and wild animals. It is well known that species differences exist when it comes to the biology of milk ejection, such as hormonal release during suckling. In some species milk let down can only occur if the young is present. In pigs, for instance, the oxytocin release during suckling is related to frequency of the sow's grunting. Furthermore, the significance of the anatomy of the mammary gland for milk ejection and milk removal has been observed.

alveolus. From a milking point of view this has to be considered, since removal of alveolar milk is only possible through activation of the milk ejection reflex, while the cisternal milk can be removed by overcoming the teat sphincter barrier. The importance of activation of the milk ejection reflex for optimal milk removal from alveolar compartments was demonstrated by Pfeilsticker et al., (1996), who observed that cisternal milk yield and fraction were significantly higher in teat-stimulated cows than in unstimulated controls. Sub-division of the udder into left and right halves and front and rear quarters (Quinn, 1990)

Anatomical Arrangements of the Udder of Impor tance for Milk Ejection: The udder of the dairy cow consists of four separate quarters, each with a teat. During normal circumstances milk produced in one gland can never pass over to the other glands and during milking the milk is released from each gland independently. Usually, milk flow from the front and rear quarters respectively is equal. However, milk flow from the different quarters can also be quiet different, where one gland might have long milking time and low milk flow rates, while another gland within the same udder might have a short milking time with high milk flow rates (Seeman, 1997), where the difference probably indicates some kind of disturbances in the udder. The milk is synthesised in the epithelial cells of the alveoli and is stored in the alveolus, ducts and cisterns. In an udder filled with milk, usually less than 20 % of the milk is stored in the cisternal compartment (udder and teat cisterns and the bigger milk ducts) (Bruckmaier et al., 1994b), while the rest of the milk is stored in the smaller ducts and the

Support the udder (Frandson, 1986)

Each of the four quarters contains a separate mammary gland which, in turn is composed of:1. Secretory tissue (alveoli) 2. A duct system (interconnecting tubes) 3. Two cisterns (storage areas) 4. A teat Components of the udder (Quinn, 1980)

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

Component of Milk ejection reflex: Milk ejection is a neurohormonal reflex associated with the release of oxytocin. Milk ejection reflex has a neural (afferent) and a hormonal (efferent) component. Neural (afferent) Component: The greatest amount of innervation in the mammary gland of the dairy cow is in the teats. Mechanical stimulation of the teat activates pressure-sensitive nerve receptors in the skin of the teat. The nerve impulses travel to the brain through the spinothalamic nerve tract. When the cell bodies of the oxytocincontaining neurons are stimulated by these impulses originating in the teat, an action potential moves down the oxytocin-containing neurons from the cell body in the hypothalamus down the axon to the neuron ending in the posterior pituitary. This causes release of oxytocin and neurophysin into the blood. The efferent pathway starts at this point.

oxytocin release relative to milk removal is an important factor affecting milk ejection. In cattle, the concentration of oxytocin in blood peaks within two minutes following the stimulation of teats. Concentration then rapidly declines reaching a basal level within 10 minutes. Thus it is important to attach the milking machine to teat within 30-60 seconds of stimulating the teat. An essential component of the milk ejection reflex is the binding of oxytocin, specifically and with high affinity, to protein receptor sites on the myoepithelial cells. This results in contraction of the myoepithelial cells and expulsion of milk from the mammary gland. The number of oxytocin receptors increases to maximal amount during the first lactation, then probably persists for the lifetime of the myoepithelial cell.

The efferent pathway begins with the release of oxytocin into the blood. Oxytocin is

Milk ejection can be stimulated by suckling and milking , washing the udder, presence of the young. The timing of 06

Milk ejection - the contraction of the myoepithelial cells surrounding the alveolus forces milk out of the lumen into the ducts (Schmidt, 1971)

Stimuli Other Than Milking Such as Feeding During Milking:

Hormonal (efferent) component:

released into the blood in response to action potential of nerve impulses originated in the teat. It then travels to the mammary gland and binds to protein receptor sites on the epithelial secretor y cells. This results in contraction of the secretory cells and expulsion of milk from the mammary gland. The number of oxy tocin receptors increases to maximal during the ﬁrst lactation, and persists for the lifetime of the secretory cell. Epithelial secetrory cells respond to very low levels of oxytocin. Injection of about 10 IU (international units) causes milk let down. However, as little as 0.02 IU can result in milk ejection.

the udder. It is not inhibited by epinephrine. Kneading or butting of the udder by the young may elicit this response. This may involve distortion of the alveolar structure or the myoepithelial cell structure, resulting in milk ejection.

Other Mechanisms of Milk Ejection: 1. Myoepithelial cells will also contract in response to vasopressin (ADH or antidiuretic hormone). Vasopressin has about 20% the oxytocic activity of oxytocin. 2. Visual or auditory stimuli can cause milk ejection. Milk ejection is a condition response. 3. Stimulation of the genital tract such as vaginal distention causes release of large amounts of oxytocin. 4. The Mechanical Tap Stimulus does not involve oxytocin. It will occur under anesthesia or denervation of

Tactile teat stimulation can be considered as the most efﬁcient for stimulation of milk ejection. However, actual obser vations indicate that milk ejection might occur without the tactile teat stimulation but rather stimulation of other senses. It has been indicated that the milk ejection reﬂex is activated by visual or auditory stimuli of the calf (Peeters et al., 1973; Pollock & Hurnik, 1978). It is noteworthy that it has been observed that milk leakage before milking was not related to increased oxytocin levels (Bruckmaier, 1988). It has been observed that feeding induces a release of oxytocin in monogastric animals (Uvnäs- Moberg et al., 1985). In dairy cows just a small release has been detected (Svennersten et al., 1990b), while in dairy calves, the feeding-related release was more pronounced, in particular when the calves were suckling (Lupoli et al,. 2001).

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In dairy cows feeding during milking potentiates the release of oxytocin (Svennersten et al., 1995). Two mechanisms may be involved in the feeding induced oxytocin secretion. Firstly, it could be due to increased activation of sensory nerves in the oral mucosa. Since these fibres project directly to the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) that is linked to the Paraventricular nuclei (PVN), oxytocin may be released. Secondly, an afferent neural vagal link between the stomach, the NTS and PVN has been demonstrated in the rat (Verbalis et al., 1986; Renaud et al., 1987). The vagal influence on oxytocin secretion has been validated in experiments where electrical afferent vagal ner ve stimulation increased plasma levels of oxytocin (Stock and Uvnäs-Moberg 1988). In some experiments it has also been observed that the nutritional status as such influences the milkingrelated release of oxytocin. During food deprivation basal as well as milking-related oxytocin release was decreased (Svennersten et al., 1995). Feeding 1.5 hours before milking gave higher milking-related release than when the cows were fed 1.5 hours after milking (Johansson et al., 1999). The practical importance of these findings is that incremental feeding during milking in conventional milking systems as well as in an AMS has a positive influence on milking parameters such as milking time, milk flow and amount of residual milk (Samuelsson et al., 1993; Johansson et al., 1998; Brandsma, 1978; Kokorina & Krasnoperova, 1979). Inhibition of Milk Ejection: Various stressful stimuli that inhibit milk ejection are associated with increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Oxytocin action can be blocked be catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine). The hormones are usually released in response to stressful 08

situations and increase the tone of the smooth muscles of the mammary ducts and blood vessels. This results in the reduction of o x y t o c i n reaching the m yo e p i t h e l i a l cells and partial occlusion of the mammary ducts. Moreover, epinephrine directly blocks oxytocin from binding to myoepithelial cells. This is termed peripheral inhibition of milk ejection. Thus, exogenous oxytocin will not cause milk ejection in animals exhibiting peripheral inhibition. A common cause of failure to milk ejection is associated with stress of milking in the early postpartum period especially for primiparous cows. The stress inhibits the release of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary gland (central inhibition of milk ejection). Exogenous oxytocin is usually administered in these cases causing milk ejection. Based on the above discussion about peripheral and central inhibition of milk ejection, it can be stated that milk ejection occurs as a result of oxytocin release, which is normally couples with inhibition of the central and peripheral inhibitory controls. Conclusion: From the milk secreted in the udder only a small amount representing cisternal milk is available for mechanical

removal. Thus the alveolar milk ejection induced by the release of oxytocin in response to machine milking and during the entire milking procedure is an essential factor for fast and complete milk removal in dairy cows. The milk removal can be disturbed at central or peripheral level under different conditions. The central disturbance represents failure of ejection or insufﬁciency ejection of alveolar milk in to the cistern due to inhibited oxytocin release from pituitary in to the blood circulation. If the sufﬁcient oxytocin release cannot induce the transfer of milk from alveoli to cistern peripheral mechanisms are involved. Incomplete milking represents an economic loss and milk remaining in the mammary gland is a propitious medium for micro organisms, potentially causing increased incidence of mastitis. Optimal conditions in practical dairy farming should be respected and the biological requirements of dairy cows should be followed to maintain high production in combination with animal's good health.

Dr. Jeevan C, Dr. Kaustubh Bhave, Dr. Harshini V and Dr. Ymberzal Koul, Dept of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

BLOAT- A MOST COMMON SPRING SEASON PROBLEM IN CATTLE Availability of fodder is the key success for running the livestock farm. That's why it's so important for farmers to ensure the fodder ﬂow all season for the animals. Spring season is the best season for growing and availability of fodder for the animal.The nature of feeding system in small scale farming or in house hold level is open pasture land grazing in day time and little bit stall feeding in night time. Animals in most part of the India have to thrive on grazing in spring season because of lot of availability of grass and fodder for them in pasture areas.Grazing animal consume large amount of growing fodder/ plants which may leads to Bloat many times and death in pasture land itself. B l oa t i s a m o s t i m p o r t a n t n o n infectious systemic disorder a ecting digestive system of ruminants and sudden death of the animal depending upon severity of the condition. It is the inability of animal to eructation process leads to accumulation of large amount offermented gasses and over distension of the rumenenoreticulum. Bloat has been described in agricultural since at least A.D. 60 (W. Majak) It has also been described as t e r m s h o o v e , h o v e n , t y m p a n y, mateorisation and blown in many English journals of the 18th and 19th centuries.The rate of occurrence of bloat conditions in the ﬁeld was to the extent of 9 percent (Sarker et al., 2013).Death rates as high as 20% are recorded in cattle grazing bloat-prone pasture and in pastoral areas, the annual mortality rate from bloat in dairy cows may approach 1%. (Peter D. Constable). Bloat is most commonly seen in spring and autumn, when grass growth is at its peak .The condition is usually precipitated by the rapid consumption of lush legume pasture species (especially clover and lucerne) in spring. 09

Physiology and Pathogenesis of bloatRuminants have four chambered stomach (Rumen, Reticulum, Omasum, Abomasum) in which the abomasum is the only glandular part. Primar y digestion of feed starts from rumen itself with the help of saliva and ruminalmicroflora (bacteria, fungi, and protozoa) which will break dawningesta by mechanical and chemical action into small chain fatty acids, which were directly absorbed through the epithelium into the blood. Without these organisms, the animal would not be unable to digest fibrous feeds, such as grasses and legumes. In rumen the fermentation process of feed takes place which may leads production of large quantities of gas that must be expelled. Under normal conditions, the gas produced by fermentation process separates from the digestive content and then rises and accumulate on the top of the rumen, where it collects as a free bubble. High pressure inside rumen activates the eructation, or belching. When an animal belches, the rumen contracts and pushes the free gas toward the front of the rumen, where it collects around the esophageal opening and goes out from the rumen by eructation.Impaired eructation mechanism leads to Bloat. Many times when condition become worse froth accumulation takes place in bloat. It havebeen postulated that frothy bloat is associated with high-level grain diets in animals feedings concentrates since the viscosity of the ruminal fluid is increased because of the production of insoluble slime by certain species of bacteria that proliferate to creates large numbers in animals on a highconcentrated diet specially carbohydrates (Ahmad et al 2015).The condition leads to reduced secretion of saliva which has antifoaming property,

high rate of gas production, vagus nerve damage, ruminalinability to expel the gas, ruminal function impairment, high gaseous pressure on diaphragm which ultimately leads to respiratory arrest and death of the animal. Cause The condition is usually precipitated by the rapid consumption of lush legume pasture species particularly alfalfa, clovers, berseem, oat, rye grass but also is seen with grazing of young green cereal crops, rape, kale, turnips, and legume vegetable crops. Symptoms D i a g n o s i s of b l o a t i s t y p i c a l l y straightforward and the clinical picture largely reﬂects how long the condition has existed. Common symptoms include: 1. Animal is commonly found dead in the morning because they are inactive during the night or because they are not seen, detected and treated. 2. Distended left abdomen (Left ﬂank region)- The rumen is on the left side hencedistension is typically most prominent on that side. 3. Reluctance to move. 4. Cessation of feeding and grazing. 5. Distress, anxiety, bulging of eye, kicking on the belly and vocalization. 6. Respiratory distress along with protruding tongue. 7. Staggering and decumbency- Once animal with bloat is recumbent, death occurs rapidly. 8. Strain to urinate and defecate. Treatment 1. Removal of gases through trocar or cannula- In 1925, the London Society of Arts awarded a silver medal for the design of a 4 inch (10 cm) trocar and cannula, instruments DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

used for the emergency treatment of severely bloated animals. 2. Use stomach tube and remove the ruminaldigesta. 3. Placing an animal's front feet on a mounted surface so that the front feet are higher than the back feet helped to ease bloat because the esophagus was thus elevated, and the gas was expelled more easily. 4. Enforced moderate exercise, such as walking. 5. Another method involved placing a stick or rope through an animal's mouth to encourage salivation, which breaks down rumen foam. 6. Oral administration of antifoaming agent like (Dimethicone or Polaxolene) 10ml+250ml warm water and drench to the animal. If antifoaming agent not available, vegetable oil can be used, 400–500ml per large animal. 7. Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda-1 lb in cold water) via the stomach tube.

as an appropriate strategy to minimize occurrence of bloat (Hall et al., 1994). 9. Sodium bicarbonate, Nux vomica. Prevention 1. Avoid using high-risk pastures at high-risk times. 2. Restricting access to high risk pasture to prevent bloat. 3. Avoid overeating of the animal. 4. Avoid starting to graze high-risk pastures when they are wet. 5. Administer anti-foaming agents daily if bloat is a severe problem. 6. Some animals have recurrent bloat despite prevention and treatments remove such high-risk animals from the pasture. 7. Provide direct medication to the animal if any signs of bloat appear after grazing.

8. Anti-bloat medications can be mixed with concentrates and fed through the bloat season. Detergents and oils have been added to supplementary feeds. 9. Application of detergent to the water trough. Conclusion Bloat is the most common problem of the animal in spring season. By taking proper care and preventive measure it can be treated at home itself without the help of any expert or veterinarian. The main aim of the treatment should be providing relive the animal from respirator y problem as early as possible. Animal should be given proper amount of green ration along with roughage. The ultimate aim of development of a pasture land should be like growing the selective forages which provide high production through the animal, while keeping incidence of bloat low.

Jyotsana Bhatt¹ and Alok Joshi³ ¹PhD Scholar, Deptt. of Vety. Surgery, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, Uttrakahand, ²Veterinary Ofﬁcer, Deptt. of Animal Husbandry, Govt. of Uttarakhand

8. Mineral mixture was also considered

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THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES OF GOAT MILK Goats are reared by the people for the purpose of milk and meat. Goat milk, although is obtained in a much less quantity than the cow or buffalo milk, but has a tremendous health beneﬁts in various ways such as antimicrobial effect, anti-oxidative, hypocholesterolemic, immuno-modulator y, anti-allergic, etc. People having lactose intolerance can opt for goat milk as it contains less lactose. Goat milk and milk products are better digestible and help in mineral uptake such as iron, calcium, phosphorous and magnesium. Proper development of body such as bones and teeth require calcium. Goat milk contains higher amount of calcium, vitamins and minerals. Goat's milk is characterized by better digestibility, higher buffer capacity than cow's milk and a lower content of αs1casein which is responsible for c a u s i n g a l l e rg i c reactions. Goat's milk also contains more free amino acids than cow's m i l k . T h e advantage of goat milk over cow milkis that it has around 30 % higher magnesium content, high selenium content and glutathione peroxidase enzyme, which makes goat's milk with betterantioxidative. Goat's milk ranks fourth after cow, buffalo and sheep's milk in terms of world milk production, although goat's milk production accounts 2.16% of the total world milk production. Goat keeping has a signiﬁcant economic importance in countries where climatic 11

conditions are not favourable for cattle ke e p i n g . C o u n t r i e s a ro u n d t h e Mediterranean region have the most developed dairy goat industries, with France, Greece, Spain and Italy among the main goat rearing countries. Role of Goat Milk and Milk Products in Dengue Fever Dengue fever is the major public health problem in India and worldwide as it infects several people annually. A viraldengue fever is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes when it bites humans. The virus after entering into

the blood stream, replicates into a number of copies. Normally 50 to 100 million cases occurring annually. Dengue fever affects the people of all age group, but especially in case of children under the age of 15. Now a day, dengue is endemic in 112 countries of the world. Currently there is no effective treatment against dengue. Goat milk is mainly prescribed to dengue patients to treat the disease. It maintains body ﬂuid balance because transfusion of platelets is not possible from outside in all cases. Decrease in

platelet count and Selenium deﬁciency are the main complications of dengue fever. Goat milk contains higher Selenium (Se) as compared to cow and sheep milk. On comparison to goat and cow milk it was observed that goat milk have more than 2.5 times the Se powdered infant formula (19.98 mg/l vs. 7.47 mg/l) and nearly 35% greater than pasteurized cow milk (19.98 mg/l vs 14.85 mg/l) present. Se also prevents the replication of virus, T cell and interleuk in both are the important component of immune system and Se help by increasing the function of T cell or by modulating the production of interleukin. Taking goat milk for many dengue patients h e l p e d t h e m to recover very fast, mainly they showed sudden rise in platelet count. Though there is no direct scientiﬁc proof that how goat milk helped to increase the platelet count, various research is still going on. Dietary goat milk increases the iron bioavailability which helps in recovery from haematological parameter after ferropenic nutritional anaemia by increasing the Fe deposition in the target organs. Better recovery with goat milk was seen in case of ferropenic anaemia and bone demineralisation. In case of auto-immune disease Se control the human immune system by upgrading it when necessary and degrading it when it is overactive. Thus it can be concluded that goat milk boosts the immune system and helps in treating the dengue fever. DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

products containpeptides which causes inhibition of ACE therefore results in a decrease in blood pressure, which help into control hypertension. Antimicrobial Activity

Hypoallergenic Properties The hypoallergenic properties of goat milk are of great importance to human health and medicine. It has been reported that goat milk had less allergenicity probably because of lower content of αs1-caseinand better digestibility compared to cow milk. Because of such propertiesgoat milk has been used for hypoallergenic infant food or milk substitute in infants allergic to cow milk and in those patients suffering from various allergies such as eczema, asthma, chronic catarrh, migraine, colitis, hay fever, stomach ulcer, epigastric distress, and abdominal pain due to allergenicity of cow milk protein. Antihypertensive activity Hypertension has become a serious health problem, especially in developed countries, and has been considered a risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases, there has been a growing interest in anti hypertensive peptides for their effectiveness in lowering blood pressure. Angiotensin Iconverting enzyme (ACE) is a key enzyme in the rennin-angiotensin system. This enzyme regulates extracellular ﬂuid volume and arterial vasoconstriction either by converting angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II or by inactivating the bradykinin (a vasodilatory peptide) and enkephalins. Goat milk and their 12

Digestion of milk and milk products in gastrointestinal track leads to release of some anti-microbial peptides in the intestine which are transported to the circulatory system and reach the target sites to inhibit pathogens. The antimicrobial activity of the milk product in simple terms means that the milk peptide have the membrane-lytic a c t i v i t i e s w h i c h d i s r u p t n o rm a l membrane permeability, hence lead to m i c ro b i a l ( pa t h o g e n ) c e l l l y s i s . Casecidins, a milk peptide possess ba c t e r i c i d a l p ro p e r t i e s a g a i n s t lactobacilli and also against various pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Another milk peptide known as lactoferricin possess antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, viruses and fungi. Antioxidant Activity Certain chemical reaction in our body like oxidation reaction, produce free radicals that undergo a chain reactions, ultimately damaging our cells. Antioxidants are those compounds that help to inhibit such harmful reactions in our body. Consuming food rich in such properties is good for our health and lower the risk for diseases like cancers, coronary heart diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. These compounds are found in various foods, tea, milk etc. Various studies have found that goat milk has anti-oxidative properties. Immunomodulating activity Protein hydrolysates and peptides derived from milk caseins and major whey proteins have immunomodulatory effects (exert immune cell f u n c t i o n s ) , s u c h a s l y m p h o c y te proliferation, antibody synthesis, and cytokine regulation. Casein peptides produced during fermentation of milk by lactic acid bacteria, have been shown

to modulate the proliferation of human lymphocytes, to down - regulate the production of certain cytokines, and to stimulate the phagocytic activities of macrophages Because of immune cell functions, these peptides have been of special interest to food researchers and the food processing industry. Hypocholesterolemic Activity Goat milk possesses the property of reducing the high cholesterol level. The serum cholesterol lowering activity is dependent on the degree of faecal steroid excretion. The peptides released after the digestion of milk or milk products binds with the bile acid and thus inhibits the reabsorption of bile acid in the ileum. The cholesterol lowering activity depends on its ability to inhibit the intestinal absorption of dietary cholesterol or to sequester bile acids, which are not reabsorbed but excreted.In response to a lower rate of bile recycling, the liver increases bile acid synthesis, which is done at the expense of removing cholesterol from bloodstream. Conclusion From the therapeutic point of view, goat milk is better than cow or buffalo milk in various aspects such as: it has hypoallergenic properties which are better suitable for infant food and also for the people having lactose intolerance; hypocholes-terolemic activity, antioxidative activity and antimicrobial activity and many more. The goat milk in treatment of dengue is widely used and is beneﬁcial too but the exact mechanism is still to be understood. Although the availability of goat milk is very less in India or other countries, but its health beneﬁts are incomparable to other milks which are available in plenty.

Murtaza Ali, Devika Gautam, Pallavi Goel, Deepika sameni Animal Biotechnology Centre ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

SUB CLINICAL MASTITIS: A THREAT TO DAIRY FARMING: DIAGNOSIS, MANAGEMENT AND PREVENTION MEASURES The proﬁtability of dairy farms depends on the productivity of the animals with high genetic merit in optimum management conditions of the farm. The ideal management of the farm talk not only about balanced ration but also proper health care of high yielding animals besides other effective animal husbandry practice. Due to lack of awareness in hygiene of the dairy farm, there is a possibility of udder infection in particularly high yielding animals such as exotic and crossbred cows. Clinical mastitis is expressed with signs and symptoms which are easily visible and detected by farmers whereas in subclinical mastitis, there is no external appearance of disease. Lack of improper management of animals there is possibility of transformation of subclinical mastitis into clinical mastitis. Therefore, rapid and accurate diagnosis is essential for decision making about cows were infected with subclinical mastitis (SCM). Till date, several methods are available to identify mastitis infections. These methods are obligatory the submission of milk samples to laboratory have been criticize as too slow for on farm decision making. To overcome this problem now a days, several new direct and indirect tests on farm have been available to identify the udder problems in dairy farming. Mastitis Ø

It is the inﬂammation of the mammary gland and udder tissue and major endemic disease of dairy cattle especially in high yielding animals. It changes the biochemical composition of milk and the glandular tissue. It usually occurs as an immune response to bacterial invasion of the teat canal with variety of bacterial sources present on the farm, and

can also occur as a due to chemical, mechanical, or thermal injury to the cow's udder. Mode of transmission Mastitis is a multi-factorial disease, since the infection depends on germs, environmental condition and the characteristics of the cow. It is epidemiologically classiﬁed into two categorize such as contagious and environmental mastitis. Contagious mastitis Ø

Contagious mastitis is sometimes referred to as cow to cow mastitis because it's generally spread from cow to cow. It's habitually found on teat surface or udder. Contagious pathogens are spread from a cow with an infected udder to healthy cows primarily during milking, through contaminated milking equipments, towels or improper cleaning of milking person hands. These are well suitable for quick multiplying of bacteria in teat canal and udder because milk is nourishing medium for bacterial growth.

Environmental mastitis Ø

Environmental mastitis is sometimes referred to as environmental to cow mastitis

It's can be caused with microorganism that lives in the environment such as soil, faeces, water, saw dust and bedding material and are transmitted between period of milking and dry periods when the glands does not produce the milk.

Contagious Mastitis

Environmental Mastitis

Staphylococcus aureus

E. coli

Streptococcus agalactiae Klebsiellaspp. Mycoplasmaspp.

Streptococcus dysgalactiae

Corynebacteriumbovis

Streptococcus uberis

A large quantity of milk is lost due to subclinical mastitis (SCM) because 1. Majority of cases are subclinical and are undiagnosed 2. Reduction in milk production due to SCM tends to persist and thus reduces the milk yield 3. Control of SCM is more important than treating clinical cases Because: Ø

The cows that have SCM are reservoir of organisms that tend to infection for other normal cows in farm

Most of the clinical cases start with subclinical; thus controlling SCM is the imperial way to reduce the clinical cases.

Changes in milk composition such as reduction in calcium, phosphorus, protein and fat and increase in sodium and chlorine it will reduce the quality and create awareness among the dairy farmers to control subclinical mastitis.

Detection of subclinical mastitis Generally, SCM ver y difficult to diagnose by visible changes in udder and milk , so various field based snapshot methods are available. SCM is a form of inflammatory reaction within the mammary gland is detectable only with some direct and indirect test. Direct method 1. DeLavalCell Counter (DCC) Somatic cell count (SCC) is a main indicator of milk quality. Somatic cells count increases in milk as they increasesinintra mammary infection. DeLavalCell Counter (DCC) is a new device that is designed for rapid evaluation SCC in the farm level. Small cassettes are filled with fresh milk (approximately onemicro litre),stained with cassette and inserted into a small battery operated optical cell counter. DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

DCC produces somatic cell count (SCC) in less than 1 minute within the range of 10,000 to 4,000,000 cells per ml. There is no signiﬁcant difference between the SCC determined in the lab and with the DCC. When subclinical mastitis is deﬁned based on a threshold level of 200,000 cells per ml. DeLavalcell counter is an accurate and rapid method for estimation of SCC in milk.

DeLaval cell counter for estimation of somatic cells count 2. Por table Somatic Cell Count (Porta SCC) Portable SCC is a rapid test and direct method of estimating Somatic Cell Countin milk. This test is modiﬁed from a product used with human cancer patients to monitor white blood counts. Its measures only white blood cells and have an upper limit of detection of 3,500,000 cells per ml.PortableSCC consists of a small strip that is inoculated with drop of milkand reagent. The test strip requires 45 minutes incubation at room temperatureand read in a small handheld meter.

materialize to be signiﬁcant improvements over theCalifornia Mastitis Test(CMT) because its produce more accuratecounts SCC at much lower thresholds. Portable somatic cells counter for screening of subclinical mastitis Indirect method 1. California Mastitis Test (CMT) It is an easy, economical, quick and valuable method for evaluation of milk. Since, many years CMT have been used and it is an only reliable method for detection of subclinical mastitis in cows. CMT is useful to identify which quarterhas high Somatic cell count. The degree of reaction between reagent and the DNA of cell nuclei indicates the number of somatic cells present in milk. But it does not detect the type of ba c te r i a w h i c h c a u s e s m a s t i t i s . Relationship between Somatic cell count values and CMT is not precise because the high degree of variability in SCC values within CMT score. To minimize the number of false negative results, the test should be read as positive when at least a trace reaction is apparent. CMT is adequate to detect very high SCC; its ability to precisely identify quarters with SCC that exceeds the threshold of 200,000 cells per ml is limited with its high rate of false negatives. Immediately after mixing equal quantity of milk and CMT reagent must be scored within 15 seconds, because of weak reaction will disappear.

Both the PortaSCC and the Delaval DCC

CMT score count directly related to average somatic cell counts

0 5

Gel formation- severe mastitis

screening of milk sample for detection of mastitis by CMT

Electrical conductivity meter (EC) Electrical conductivity meter measures the electrical resistance in all four quarters of the udder. Milk sample collected from infected quarters which have high salt concentration which results in less resistance.Readingsare interpreted with quarter wisebased on the difference between the highest quarter value and the other value. The difference on and above 50 are considered as positive cases of mastitis. Readings between 330 to 360 units usually considered as healthy quarter. The reading of 250 to 300 units can be taken to be normal and quarters as healthy especially when results in a particular cow did not show higher values. However, if the sudden drop is noticed down to 250 to 300 units whereas all the previous examination willgive much higher results, i.e.over 300 units, it means that this particular cow may be at risk of having sub clinical mastitis. Reading below 250 units has subclinical mastitis of the quarter or at DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

Detection of Mastitis by Electrical Conductivity Meter

least great risk of disease is increasing and in serious infection cases treatment must be undertaken. The change in EC is one of the earliest manifestations associated with new infections making early detection and its management is possible. Hand held conductivity meters are available and may be useful for routine screening animals before milking. Managemental practices Control of mastitis is very essential through effective animal husbandry practices that will help to prevent the infection. Following step should be designed to reduce the rate and duration of infection. Proper milk hygiene: Before milking udder should be washed with clean water with an added disinfectant, such as hypochlorite. Once udder is washed and clean, dr y udder to avoid contaminated water from leaking into teat cups. When a wash cloth is used, it should be disinfected and dried before being used again in the next round of milking Proper functioning and operation of milking machine: Milking machine, vaccum level in the milking unit should be between 300 and 375 mm of mercury and should be ﬂuctuate as little as possible. Fluctuations may be reduce by avoiding noisy environment or slipping of milking unit during milking and shutting of the vaccum to the unit before teat cups are removed. Vaccum regulator should be kept clean and checked regularly for accuracy. 1. Teat Dipping: It is more effective and hygiene one so the rate of new 16

infection may be reduce more than 50% when a suitable disinfectant is used or spray teats pre as well post dip for 30 seconds and wipe with clean cotton towel. Post milking teat dipping is most effective against contagious mastitis. Milking should be very smooth and gentle because rough milking; hard stripping and milkers handare the main predisposing factor for causing mastitis. Hence the best method of milking is full hand milking method and proper washing of milkers hand with appropriate disinfectant is very essential. Bruising is another cause especially in old cows where the udder is large and pendulous and there will be chances of bruises due to hurry situation by milkers. Evena small cut or wound on teats is to be attended as soon as possible. Cut ends or bruises or lesions due to biting with calf will entr y of organisms causing mastitis. Routine use of strip cups more beneﬁcial. If there is any ﬂake or clots visible in milk, the animals should be immediately separated and milked at last to prevent the spread of infection to the healthy animals. After the milking, the infected cow using equipments or machine should be clean with disinfectant. Dry cow therapy: Each quarter must be treated with dry cow antibiotics at end of lactation. Effective use of long term antibiotic infused in each quarter of the udder at last milking of lactation reduces the incidence of new infection during the dry period. In addition, dry cow therapy is the best way to cure chronic and sub clinical mastitis that can be treated successfully during lactation. Timely and proper treatment of

clinical cases: Adequate therapy must be decided by veterinarian and cow should be handling according to avoid the risk of spreading the disease. 8. S. aureusisis a major problem in heifersit should be treated with dry cow antibiotic during gestation 9. Deﬁciencies of selenium and vitamin E in the diet with an increased rate of new infection, hence balanced ration is necessary to maintain the proper health and production performance in high yielding cows. 10.Keep the shed premises clean and maintain hygienic environment by use various disinfectants regularly. 11.Feed cows immediately after milking so that they standing for at least one hour before they lie down. Conclusion: As we discuss various management aspects that are vital important and will helpful to prevent mastitis that causes severe damage to the milk producing ability of an animal even after the treatment and economic condition of farmer. As the animals are the lifeline of various small, marginal farmers and landless farmers who are mainly depends on the milking animals to earn their livelihood. Maintenance of effective animal husbandry practice along with close monitoring of newly introduced animal is very crucial for prevention of mastitis. As the Somatic cell count increases in mammary gland infection regular screening of milk sample using direct and indirect test in once fortnight or month is essential. These methods are economical and proved to be very beneﬁcial nowadays so that we can achieve the national target of healthy, clean milk production and improve the economic condition of dairy farmers.

Amol D. Adbhai*, T. Karuthadurai*, Reshma Raj S*, Prashant Kumar*, Deepak Sharma* and Dnyaneshwari Bhand** *National Dairy Research Institute, SRS-Bangalore, **KNP College of Veterinary Science, Shirwal (MS)

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

BENEFITS OF COW DESI GHEE

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

NEWS CO-OPS UNFAIRLY CAUTIOUS WHEN HIGHER A WOMEN-OWNED DAIRY MILK PRICES JUSTIFIED FOR MAY MILK IN ANDHRA PRADESH peaking only days before the ﬁrst re t u r n s , m a k i n g t h e m pa y f o r EYES THE BIG LEAGUE

co-ops decide their May milk prices, IFA National Dairy Chairman Tom Phelan yesterday said that a price increase of at least 1c/l was justiﬁed in most cases, especially for those coops which have been paying less than the Ornua PPI equivalent for the last few months. Mr Phelan said: "All indicators we have been monitoring for the last couple of months have returned more than the main Irish co-ops have been paying. The May Ornua PPI, which tracks the products and prices traded for the month in question and is therefore very representative of Irish co-ops' activity, at 30.45c/l + VAT, is only matched or bettered by the 4 West Cork Co-ops. Since April, with co-ops cutting prices and the Ornua PPI increasing by 1.4 points, the gap between co-op payouts and the Ornua index has in fact widened. "Beyond the Ornua PPI, the EU MMO for early June would return an Irish milk price equivalent of 30.81c/l + VAT (32.47c/l incl VAT) after deduction of a notional processing cost of 5c/l. Average EU spot quotes for butter and SMP on 5 June would have returned a milk price equivalent of 32.02c/l + VAT (33.73c/l incl VAT) using the same processing cost. "A drought induced downturn in New Zealand output (-8.4 percent for April) could inﬂuence early 2019/20 production and help maintain the supply/demand balance to sustain higher dairy prices. "It is clear that Irish co-ops are being overly cautious, and are denying farmers the real current market 19

potential impact from Brexit which have yet to materialise. Meanwhile, markets are returning more than they are paying back to farmers – this is unfair, when this is the time dairy farmers generate the bulk of their income, and paying back last year's massively increased bills is taking every available cent. "There is clear scope for co-ops to increase the price they pay to farmers, in most cases by at least 1c/l for May milk. I urge co-op board members, when they sit down to decide in the next few days, to see to it that this is passed back to their fellow dairy farmers."

D A I R Y FA R M E R S , CONSUMERS KICK OFF DAIRY MONTH WITH WORLD MILK DAY

airy farmers around the country and even the globe were joined by consumers in celebrating the nourishment that milk provides on World Milk Day. The festivities were held on June 1, which also served as the start of National Dairy Month in the U.S according to dairyherd.com. Farmers and consumers went to social media using the hashtags #WorldMilkDay and #JuneDairyMonth to bring awareness to one of the most complete meals available in a glass. Here is a sampling of the Tweets, Instagram and Facebook posts that people were putting out

efore Shreeja entered her life, middle-aged Gangamma of Palamaner mandal in Andhra Pradesh's Chittoor district had to be content with the daily drudgery of maintaining her barn and selling the milk from her cows to a private supplier. And that came with the attendant problems of ﬁrst realising payments from the buyer, and once the money was received, risk having the cash commandeered by a dominant male member of the family — father, husband, son or father-in-law.But once Gangamma joined the dair y cooperative, the Tirupati-based Shreeja Mahila Milk Producer Company, life changed unimaginably for the better. Along with an army of more than 83,000 women, she is now a proud co-owner of a dairy that not only procures 3.5 lakh litres of milk every day but has become a 'gamechanger' in the milk-rich Chittoor district.Shreeja, arguably the world's largest dairy that is exclusively owned by women, was established under the emerging concept of a 'producer company' in September 2014. Backed by the National Dairy Development Board ( N D D B ) , S h re e j a i s c o n s i d e re d a miniature of Amul — every supplier here becomes a shareholder, or conversely, milk is procured only from shareholders. As a result, the shareholder base has spread across the State's three southern districts of Chittoor, Anantapuram and Nellore besides the bordering areas in Ta m i l N a d u a n d K a r n a t a k a . T h e cooperative principles of democratic governance and autonomy are also strictly adhered to. Women are not just shareholders, but also handle key positions on the board, as 11 of them are always on the 15-member governing board on a rotation basis, apart from three expert directors and a Chief Executive Ofﬁcer. DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

NEWS KRAFT HEINZ WEIGHS SALE OF ITS BREAKSTONE'S SOUR CREAM AND COTTAGE CHEESE BUSINESS

raft Heinz, as part of a broad overhaul, continues to put longtime brands on the block. One of the latest is its Breakstone’s business, which sells cottage cheese, butter and sour cream.Kraft Heinz has hired Royal Bank of Canada to review options for its Breakstone’s business, which could include a sale, people familiar with the situation tell CNBC. The move is understood to be part of a broader review of the company’s dairy business, which also includes its natural cheese business, the people said.It comes as Kraft Heinz also weighs selling its Maxwell House coffee business, CNBC previously repor ted.Breakstone’s, which has roughly $400 million in revenue and $50 million in earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, could fetch a valuation of roughly $400 million, the people said. It could appeal to dairy companies like Dean Foods, Saputo or national milk cooperative, Dairy Farmers of America, one of the people said. Shares of Kraft Heinz moved up more than 1 percent on the news in after hours trading, giving it a market capitalization of $39 billion. Kraft Heinz last year announced the sale of its Canadian natural cheese business to Italian dairy group Parmalat for C$1.62 billion ($1.23 billion). The sale, along with lowered sales growth expectations for its cheese business, led the company to take a $4.1 billion impairment charge on the Kraft brand in February. Dairy sales have slowed in 20

recent years as U.S. diners increasingly eschew dairy products or look to nondairy alternatives like oat, soy and almond milk. Those challenges are exacerbated by a multi-year period of weak milk prices.The U.S. has a $1.4 billion cheese surplus, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Sales of cottage cheese, meantime, have steadily declined since the days when it was a dieting favorite in the 1970′s. At that time, Americans were eating an average of 5 pounds of cottage cheese a year, according to the USDA.Shares of leading U.S. dairy producer Dean Foods, owner of brands like Organic Valley milk, DairyPure sour cream and TruMoo milk, have fallen 68 percent over the past year. The company, which has a market capitalization of $263 million, said it was exploring a sale earlier this month. It reported a net loss from continuing operations of $3.63 a share for 2018 and sales slipped 0.5 percent from the year prior.The challenges in dairy are only one of the multiple issues Kraft Heinz is currently facing. Its shares are down 25 percent after the company delivered a triple whammy of bad news in late February — a signiﬁcant earnings miss, dividend reduction and a $15 billion write-down that, in addition to Kraft, also included its Oscar Mayer brand.Kraft Heinz was created by 3G Capital and Berkshire Hathaway, which bought H.J. Heinz in 2013 and merged it with Kraft two years later. 3G Capital developed a reputation i n t h e U . S . f o r i t s “ z e ro - ba s e d budgeting” process in which managers much justify every cost, every year. That approach to cost management was initially prized in the U.S. food industry, where industry executives acknowledged expenses had become bloated with extravagances like private

planes and other costs.But critics have argued 3G took its cost-cutting to an extreme, particularly in areas like research and development. That forced Kraft Heinz’s brands to play defense at a time start-ups and retailers hawking their own brands were playing offense. At natural food convention Expo West last week, there were nearly 5,000 food companies vying for investor and consumer attention. Of those, there were 203 exhibitors promoting new cheese products, like Kite Hill nut milk cheese and Cypress Grove fresh goat milk cheese with lavender and fennel.All of Big Food, from General Mills to Kellogg, has felt the squeeze as sales growth has slowed. But Kraft Heinz suffered a public fall from grace when Unilever rebuffed its acquisition approach two years ago, dinging its reputation and putting pressure on its stock price. In the interim, savings from its budgeting approach have stalled.Adding to the pressure are rising commodity prices, which 3G critics have said the company prepared insufﬁciently for by focusing too much on cost-cutting and eventual dealmaking.Now, Kraf t Heinz is slimming its portfolio as it looks to bring leverage down to three times EBITDA, rather than the four times at which analysts say it is currently pegged. Analysts note it has $3 billion of debt coming due in 2020, which may have to be reﬁnanced.A prime focus for Kraft Heinz as it prunes its business are brands it views as commodities and no longer hold sway over consumers. Both coffee and dair y face immense competition from cheaper private label products or higher-end niche products. The Heinz brand, by contrast, has grown 26 percent over the past six years, according to Nielsen. DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

NEWS MOTHER DAIRY JOINS HANDS WITH DTC FRENCH DAIRY MAJOR LACTALIS LOOKING FOR TO SET UP KIOSKS AT BUS DEPOTS, ACQUISITIONS IN NORTH INDIA HOUSING COLONIES

rance's Lactalis plans acquisitions in northern India after bagging the dairy products business of Prabhat Dairy for Rs 1,700 crore and two other companies. The three acquisitions enabled Lactalis to do business in south, central and western India through and it wants to be in the north next, said Rahul Kumar, chief executive ofﬁcer of Lactalis India. Lactalis ﬁrst acquired Thirumala Milk Products Pvt Ltd, which has a strong presence in South India, in 2014 and then bought Anik in 2016.

other Dairy currently operates around 900 booths and 250 kiosks at various locations and societies in the National Capital Region. Leading milk supplier Mother Dairy on Tuesday announced partnership with Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC) to set up 31 kiosks at latter's bus depots, terminals and housing colonies as part of its efforts to expand presence in the National Capital Region. Mother Dairy sells over 30 lakh litres of token and pouched milk per day in Delhi-NCR. "The company has been allotted space to operate 31 kiosks of which 21 kiosks have been set-up at various locations of DTC's bus depots, terminals, colonies, etc. The remaining 10 kiosks will be opened in a phased manner," the company said in a statement. Mother Dairy MD Sangram Chaudhary and DTC MD Manoj Kumar (IAS) inaugurated a kiosk at DTC's IP Estate Bus Depot. The dairy ﬁrm will offer all products in its kiosks, including products from Safal and Dhara. Mother Dair y currently operates 21

around 900 booths and 250 kiosks at various locations and societies in the National Capital Region. "We, at Mother Dairy, have been instrumental in offering quality and nutritious products in close vicinity of our consumers. With the addition of these kiosks, we will be serving not only the residents but also the consumers on the go," Chaudhary said. "DTC has been in the forefront with providing last mile connectivity to the residents of Delhi-NCR. With a daily ridership of more than 32 lakh passengers, it was only natural to join hands with another ubiquitous Delhi institution like Mother Dairy to provide convenience to the commuters as well as residents of nearby colonies," Kumar said. Mother Dairy was commissioned in 1974 as a wholly owned subsidiary of the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB). The company sells dairy products under the 'Mother Dairy' brand, edible oils under 'Dhara' brand, and fresh fruits & vegetables, frozen vegetables, pulses and honey under the 'Safal' brand.

In Januar y 2019, the company announced it had acquired Maharashtra's Prabhat Dairy. Lactalis has dairy plants in India and manages 1.5 million litres of milk every day. "We are looking at further acquisitions, to expand our presence in the country. We have presence in South and West now, but we do not have presence in Nor th India," said Kumar, while speaking the reporters in the sidelines of launch of Thirumala Milk's fortiﬁed fresh toned milk targeting children. However, he did not comment on the size of acquisitions the company might be looking at Kumar said that Thirumala Milk Products contributes around Rs 1900 crore, of which 80 per cent is from liquid milk sales while the rest is from products, Prabhat will contribute around Rs 1500 crore, of which 80 per cent is dairy products. Anik contributes around Rs 600 crore, of which 50 per cent is liquid milk sales while the rest is dairy products. The company said that with the Prabhat acquisition the company is moving towards becoming the largest private sector player in the segment DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

NEWS DAIRY TASK FORCE 2.0 THIS DAIRY-FREE RANCH AMUL, THE LARGEST MILK SET TO MEET JUNE 21 DRESSING IS PRIMED FOR COOPERATIVE IN INDIA YOUR SUMMERTIME SALADS INSTALLED REVERSE VENDING MACHINE (RVM)

he Wisconsin Dairy Task Force 2.0 will meet at 1 p.m. on Friday, June 21 at the Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection (DATCP), 2811 Agriculture Drive, Madison. The meeting is open to the public and w i l l b e l e d b y C h a i r D r. M a r k Stephenson. During the meeting, the group will adopt the ﬁnal repor t as the recommendations of the Dairy Task Force 2.0. Members will also be recognized for their contributions and dedicated service to the Dairy Task Force 2.0 since it began last summer according to wisfarmer.com. The Dairy Task Force 2.0 was created as a joint effort between DATCP and the University of Wisconsin System to facilitate communication across the industry. The Dairy Task Force 2.0 and its nine sub-committees have held more than 45 meetings and teleconferences since August in various locations around the state. During these discussions, members developed and adopted 51 recommendations on actions needed to maintain a viable and proﬁtable dairy industry in our state. Recommendations highlight various topics, including the need for investment in research, increased innovation, and expanded market development. Dairy Task Force 2.0 items, including meeting materials, public comment information, the membership list and recommendations, are available at dairytaskforce.wi.gov. For more details, call 608-224-5002. 22

hen salad season heats up, one thing keeps my kitchen humming: a good homemade dressing. Sure, I’ll throw together a makeshift vinaigrette here and there, combining the bits from almost-used jars of condiments with vinegar and oil. I also adore creamy dressings — green goddess, ranch and the like — that typically take a little more thought. A traditional recipe for one of the latter is all well and good, but when I want an a l te rn a t i ve to a m a yo n n a i s e o r buttermilk base, I get creaminess by including nuts (cashews are classic) in the blend. Still, I hear often from readers who want nut substitutes because of allergies. That’s where Terry Hope Romero’s new salad cookbook comes to the rescue, particularly with a recipe for Sunflower Ranch Dressing. She has you soak raw sunflower seeds and blend them with nondairy milk and a handful of other ingredients — including a good dose of garlic and s o m e f re s h h e r b s a c c o rd i n g to washingtonpost.com. The punch of garlicky flavor is at home anywhere a traditional ranch would be: Salad greens top the list, naturally, but drizzle or dollop this on any combination of vegetables — try it on baked potatoes, white or sweet — and you’ll be happy. MAKE AHEAD: You’ll need to soak the sunflower seeds for at least 1 hour, and up to overnight. For best flavor, the dressing can be refrigerated for 2 to 3 days.

s a part of its EPR (Extended Producer Responsibility), AMUL, the largest milk cooperative in India in collaboration with Reliance has installed Reverse Vending Machine (RVM) at its River Front Parlour, Ahmedabad. The machine was inaugurated by Municipal Commissioner of Ahmedabad – Shri Vijay Nehra today on 5th June, the World Environment Day. Besides recycling the plastic, this will also create awareness among the consumers to beat the plastic pollution. The machine is capable of instantly crushing the PET bottle, thus making the PET bottle recycling very easy and convenient for its customers. After crushing, this crushed PET granules can be recycled and value added products such as T-shirt, Jacket, bag etc can be made. On similar line AMUL along with Reliance have a plan to install such machine at several locations in Ahmedabad. On the occasion of World Environment Day, AMUL planted 200 trees today at its dairy plant near Gandhinagar and is committed to take all measures to combat the environmental pollution– says, General Manager, AmulFed Dary, Gandhinagar. DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

NEWS DAIRY FARM UNDER INVESTIGATION NATIONAL CHEESE AFTER UNDERCOVER FOOTAGE DAY HELPS CONTINUE REVEALS ANIMAL ABUSE DAIRY MONTH CELEBRATION months ago before we ever knew that there was an undercover video operation.”

McCloskey said that the four th e m p l o y e e ’s b e h a v i o r h a d g o n e unreported, but he was ﬁred Tuesday afternoon.

n Indiana dairy farm is under investigation and stores are pulling its products from their shelves after undercover footage caught workers force-feeding, beating and kicking calves.

According to McCloskey, the farm’s staff are trained in animal welfare and sign a document vowing to report any abuse they witness to a supervisor. Outlining the company’s next steps, McCloskey said he plans to install surveillance cameras around the farm. He initially decided against it, he said, citing concerns over jeopardizing trust with his employees.

Graphic footage made public Tuesday by the Animal Recovery Mission, which brands itself as a nonproﬁt “vanguard defense organization,” shows workers at Fair Oaks Farms dragging the animals by their ears, stomping on their heads and chucking them into crates. The video also shows what the narrator describes as a secret dump site, where there are dead calves.

McCloskey also warned that he is in contact with an attorney to prosecute animal abusers, and hopes to reach the state’s attorney general for further assistance.

The farm hired an undercover investigator from ARM as a calf care employee, according to an ARM press release. The employee ﬁlmed the footage with surveillance equipment between August and November 2018.

But the matter has already resulted in consequences for the Fairlife dairy brand, which the farm supplies. McCloskey founded Fairlife, and its products are distributed nationwide through the Coca-Cola Company.

Local law enforcement is investigating the farm in the wake of the video’s release, CBS News reported according to hufﬁngtonpost.in.

Outrage over the abuses has prompted grocers in the Midwest to pull Fairlife items from their shelves, NBC News reported.

In a response Wednesday, Fair Oaks Farms owner Mike McCloskey, who founded the business with wife, Sue, apologized and said three of the four workers shown in the video “had been reported by their coworkers for animal cruelty and were terminated three

At the end of McCloskey’s statement, he said there may more damaging footage yet to come.“We understand that ARM may release future videos, but we believe very strongly that all of these changes will address any future concerns,” he said.

Fair Oaks will also arrange “frequent unannounced audits” every two to four weeks and intends to hire an animal welfare expert to monitor the farm.

s National Dairy Month is just starting to get rolling another reminder for consumers to enjoy dairy products hit when National Cheese Day came on the calendar on June 4 As National Dairy Month is just starting to get rolling another reminder for consumers to enjoy dairy products hit when National Cheese Day came on the calendar on June 4. Pizzerias around the country like Pizza Hut, Giordano’s and Bertucci’s Brick Oven & Pastawere all offering deals on cheese pizzas or adding extra cheese onto your pizza pie according to dairyherd.com. There were also plenty of people who took to social media celebrate National Cheese Day.

DAIRY PLANNER Contact..

999-170-5007 DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

Cows may seem like simple creatures - most of us have seen them grazing with seemingly not a care in the world. Well, there's more to these ruminants than meets the eye. Here are 20 facts you probably haven't heard about cows:

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

Paneer Tikka Time Period 1 Year INR 1000 3 Years INR 2500 Life Time INR 8000

USD 160 USD 250 USD 800

(Life Time period 10 Years)

Ingredients Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ

250 gm Paneer (Indian Cottage Cheese) 1/2 Cup Diced Onions 1 Cup Colored Capsicum (Green, Yellow & Red Bell Peppers) 1/2 Cup Strained Yogurt (Curd) 1 Teaspoon Ginger Garlic Paste 1/2 Teaspoon Turmeric Powder (Haldi) 1 Teaspoon Red Chilli Powder 1/2 Teaspoon

Directions Ÿ Ÿ

Ÿ Ÿ

Pixie Consulting Solutions Ltd. C/o OmAng Hotel, Namaste Chowk, Near Janta Petrol Pump, KARNAL - 132001 (Haryana) INDIA Email : dairy.pcsl@gmail.com | info@pixie.co.in Website : www.pixie.co.in

Strain 1 cup Yogurt in a muslin cloth to remove water. You can also you Greek Yogurt instead. Then beat the Yogurt in a large mixing bowl. Add the Ginger-Garlic paste to the yogurt. Also add Turmeric Powder (Haldi), Red Chilli Powder, Garam Masala, Coriander Powder (Dhania Powder), Chaat Masala, Cumin Powder (Jeera Powder) and Salt. Dice the Paneer into thick inch cubes. Dice the onions and capsicum (bell peppers) into roughly 1 inch squares. Remove the seeds from the capsicum. You can also add diced tomatoes. Add all the vegetables to the curd. Mix well to coat the Paneer and vegetables with the spicy Yogurt paste. Cover the bowl and let the Paneer marinate for 20-30 minutes Arrange the Paneer and vegetables on a skewer. Try to have 2 Paneer pieces per skewer alternated with 2-3 pieces of vegetables. Ensure that you have roughly the same distribution of the Paneer and vegetables on all skewers. Then brush oil on a tawa or pan and place the skewers on it. If you don't have skewers, you can also use toothpicks, or just grill the Paneer directly. Let the Paneer Tikka cook for a minute and then turn it. Cook till the edges of the Paneer and vegetables start to char slightly. If making Paneer Tikka in an oven, you can bake it for 15 minutes at 240 C (450 F) and then broil for 5 minutes to get the char. Paneer Tikka is ready. You can sprinkle a few drops of Lemon Juice and some Chaat Masala on it before serving. Serve it hot along with Mint Chutney and Lachcha Salad.

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NEWS/EVENT CALENDER HART DAIRY SUCCESSFULLY CLOSES ITS PLANNED $10 MILLION SEED ROUND TO PIONEER THE 100% FREERANGE, GRASS-FED DAIRY MOVEMENT IN AMERICA

art Dairy receives increased capital from reputable institutions to support premium product growth and innovation Hart Dairy, the ethically-driven, largest single-source producer of 100% free-range, grass-fed milk in America, is proud to announce that it has successfully closed its planned $10 million seed round to catalyze the long-term growth of the company. The funding round was led by Sydney-based Alium Capital to enable Hart Dairy’s growth in America and Asia. Hart Dairy will deploy the capital to further expand their premium and better-for-you dairy product offerings,

increase production capabilities and continue the innovation of their forwardthinking and industry-leading animal welfare practices. “This significant influx of new capital is a clear validation of how we see free-range, grass-fed milk emerging in America,” said Hart Dairy Chief Executive Officer Tim Connell. “With consumers’ paradigm shift toward better-for-you products and our recent Certified Humane® certification for the farms we care for most, we believe we are on the right trajectory. Having a worldclass organization such as Alium Capital in

our corner is a huge endorsement for Hart Dairy as we continue to grow and pioneer the 100% free-range, grass-fed movement for our cherished consumers according to finance.yahoo.com.” “We were very impressed with Hart Dairy’s exceptional operation, along with their ability to recognize and fill this significant gap in the dairy market,” said Alium Director Jason Rich. “We were also attracted by the team’s ability to scale quickly and, most importantly, they have the expert management team in place to execute appropriately to achieve success in this category.”

Event Calender JULY 2019 Event

: 3rd International Symposium on “Milk, driver of Development Date : 12-13 June 2019 Venue : Dakar, Senegal Web. : www.fao.org

JULY 2019 Event

: NCBA Cattle Industry Summer Business Meeting Date : 29 July - 1 Aug 2019 Venue : Aurora, Colorado, USA

AUGUST 2019 Event Date

: Nor thern Beef Research Update conference : 19-22nd Aug 2019

Venue

: Brisbane, Australia

AUGUST 2019 Event

: Canadian Beef Industry Conference 2019 Date : 13-15 Aug 2019 Venue : Calgary, Canada

AUGUST 2019 Event Date

: Dairy Tech India 2019 : 30th Aug. - 01st Sep. 2019

Venue

: Bangalore International Exhibition Centre (BIEC) Bangalore, India

SEPTEMBER 2019 Event

Horticulture, Dairy, Food Processing & Aquacutural

Date Venue Web.

OCTOBER 2019 Event

: Australian Lot Feeder’ Association SMARTBEEF Date : 2nd-3rd Oct 2019 Venue : Queensland, Australia

OCTOBER 2019 Event

: DIARY INDUSTRY EXPO 2019 Date : 11-12-13 Oct 2019 Venue : Pune India

OCTOBER 2019 Event : Dairy Fest 2019 Date : 19-21 October 2019 Venue : RBML College Ground Telibagh Chauraha, Raibarelly Web. : www.dairyfest.in 26

: American Angus Association Convention Date : 2nd 4th Nov 2019 Venue : Reno, Nevada, USA

: 7-8 September 2019 : 3rd Floor,Hitex Building,Izzat Nagar Hyderabad,Telangana. : www.agritex.co.in

OCTOBER 2019 Event

: Dairy & Food Industry Expo 2019 Date : 11-13 October 2019 Venue : Auto Cluster Exhibition Center Mob. : 8607463377

NOVEMBER 2019 Event

: Agritex, 7th International Agricultural,

NOVEMBER 2019 Event

: Agro & Poultry East Africa 2019 Date : 15-17 Nov 2019 Venue : Sarit Centre, Nairobi Kenya

DAIRY PLANNER | VOL. 16 | NO. 7 | JULY 2019

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