Poultry Planner - October 2018 by PIXIE CONSULTING SOLUTIONS LTD.

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VOL. 20 | No. 10 | OCTOBER - 2018

From the Editor’s Desk Attention towords the Poultry Industry of India

OUR TEAM Vishal Rai Gupta Managing Director vishal@pixie.co.in Bhavana Gupta Editor-in-Chief

N.K. Gupta General Manager pcslkarnal@gmail.com

Aparna Mehmi Marketing Manager poultry.pcsl@gmail.com M: 999 170 5007

HONORARY EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Mr. G.K. Rathinam Palani Tk, Dindugul Dist, Tamilnadu

The situation has deteriorated to the point where India has now transformed from a major producer to importer of chicken and chicken products, including eggs. In the face of all these difficulties, it is very encouraging to know that there are some local entreoreneurs who are still engaged in the poultry business with the view to rescuing it from total collapse. The tasks has, however, been very daunting, given the high rate of importation of cheap poultry products, making it difficult for local poultry farmers to compete favorable. Over the years, poultry farmers have had cause to raise concern over their predicament but it appears nothing has been done to address their worries. It is for this reason that the Poultry Planner appeals to the government and the Ministry of Food and Agriculture in particular to intervene and salvage the poultry industry from its present challenges. We urge the government to provide incentive packages for poultry farmers, such as support for those who import poultry feed and other inputs, so that those items can be obtained at affordable prices. Even under the dictates of a free market enterprise, it is imperative for the government to control the importation of cheap poultry products through appropriate tariff regimes qith the view to protecting operators in the local poultry industry and making them more competitive. We also encourage commercial banks to give favorable responese to the funding of the poultry industry by devising innovative products to meet the needs of poultry farmers. The compelling need for such interventions to restore the vibrancy of the poultry industry is the prospect of creating thousands of jobs for the youth in the country, which will also help realize the government’s dream of reducing the rate of unemployment. Our poultry industry has suffered neglect for far too long and it is time to rescue ut from total collapse and male it vibrant once again. Besides the business opportunities that the industry will create, a vibrant poultry sector will help improve the protein needs of the people, especially children. The Poultry Planner therefore, appeals to the authorities to put in place the necessary interventions to attracts more investment to the poultry sector.

Dr. J Tamizhkumaran M.VSc., PGDEP., Ph.D. (Ph. D in Veterinary & Animal Husbandry Extension Education)

Mr. S.S Rathore (MVSc Poultry Science IBRI, Izatnagar)

Dr. Manisha Singodia (MVSc Poultry Science, Jaipur)

Dr. Annanda Das (Ph. D Scholar, WBUAFS, Kolkata)

Dr. M. Arul Prakash (MVSc Assistant Professor, Tanjore)

Dr. B.L. Saini (Ph. D ICAR, Izatnangar)

Editorial Policy is independent. Views expressed by authors are not necessarily held by the editors. Registered as Newspaper by Registrar of Newspaper for India : RNI No. 71668/99 Licensed to post at Karnal HPO under Postal Regn. No. PKL-91/2016-2018 Editorial & Advertisement may not be reproduced without the written consent of the publishers. Whilst every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of the contents of Poultry Planner the publishers do not accept any responsibility or liability for the material herein. Publication of news, views of information is in the interest of positive poultry industrial development in India. It does not imply publisher’s endorsement. Unpublished material of industrial interest, not submitted elsewhere, is invited. The submitted material will not be returned. Publisher, Printer Mrs. Bhavana Gupta on behalf of Pixie Publication India (P) Ltd. Karnal Printed at Jaiswal Printing Press, Railway Road, Karnal Published at : C/o OmAng Hotel, Namaste Chowk, Near Janta Petrol Pump, KARNAL - 132001 (Haryana) INDIA Editor-in-Chief : Mrs. Bhavana Gupta All Legal matters are subject to karnal jurisdiction

INDEX

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06 EDITORIAL

32 NEWS

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42 RECIPE

UPCOMING EVENTS

Articles... USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN POULTRY SECTOR: IMPACTS AND ALTERNATIVES Dr. Prachurya Biswal

COMMON POULTRY PARASITES Dr. Pragya Joshi

COLIBACILLOSIS IN POULTRY: A MAJOR ECONOMIC THREAT FOR POULTRY FARMERS Dr. Dhruv Desai

EFFECTS OF FEEDING MORINGAOLEIFERA LEAF MEAL IN POULTRY DIETS Dr. Sonika Grewal

Dr. Parveen Singh

AWP (Mix Oil)

B.V. Bio-Corp Pvt. Ltd.

Globion India Pvt. Ltd.

Godrej Agrovet Ltd.

Huvepharma

Indian Herbs Spec. Pvt. Ltd.

Indian Tr. Bureau Pvt. Ltd.

Jubilant Life Sciences Limited

Karamsar Poultry Appliances

K. K. Kansal Polyvin Pvt. Ltd. (Awon Plastic)

Natural Herbs

Natural Remdies

Nutrient Bio-Agro Tech Pvt. Ltd.

Poultry India 2018

Sai Krishna Poultry Equipments

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Zoetis India Ltd.

Zydus

FACTORS AFFECTING HATCHING EGG QUALITY Dr. G.K. Rathinam

Advanced Bio Agro Tech Ltd

HOW TO ACHIEVE SUCCESSFUL COCCIDIOSIS VACCINATION Dr. Nitin N. Joshi

36 8

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USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN POULTRY SECTOR: IMPACTS AND ALTERNATIVES Introduction The discovery of antibiotics was a success in controlling infectious pathologies and increasing feed efficiencies. Antibiotics, either of natural or synthetic origin are used to both prevent proliferation and des troy bacteria. Antibiotics are produced by lower fungi or certain bacteria. They are routinely used to treat and prevent infections in humans and animals. However, scientific evidence suggests that the massive use of these compounds has led to increased problem of antibiotic resistance and presence of antibiotics residues in feed and environment, compromises human and animal health. Hence, there is a growing need to find effective alternatives to control infectious diseases and limit the spread of resistant bacteria, but more importantly, keep antibiotics a useful tool for the future. This article s y n t h e s i z e s t h e c u r re n t s t a te of antibiotics use, as well as alternative strategies available in poultr y production. Why antibiotics are used ? Antibiotics are being routinely administered to chickens on Indian poultry farms in small doses to promote growth and keep disease at bay, almost as a replacement for nutrition and sanitation, says a new study led by Ramanan Laxminarayan, director of the Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy, Washington DC and New Delhi. Twelve of the 18 farms studied, or 67%, reported the use of antimicrobials as growth boosters. Tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones, antibiotics commonly used to treat cholera, malaria, respiratory and urinary tract infections in humans were the most commonly used antimicrobials, with nine farms admitting their use. This has serious implications for India as it is already the world’s biggest consumer of antibiotics for human use.

Fig: Antibiotics in poultry farms

Fig: Development of antibiotic resistance

Antibiotic residues in chicken and consequences The pollution monitoring laboratory (PML) of the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), the New Delhi-based research and advocacy, found residues of antibiotics in 40 per cent of the chicken samples it tested. The recent study also concluded that Indians are developing resistance to antibiotics, and falling prey to a host of otherwise curable ailments. Some of this resistance might be due to the large-scale unregulated use of antibiotics in the poultry industry. Three tissues (muscle, liver and kidney) were tested for the presence of six antibiotics widely used in poultry - oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline and doxycycline (class tetracyclines); enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin (class fluoroquinolones) and neomycin (an aminoglycoside). So far, this is one of the biggest studies conducted in India to test chicken for antibiotic residues. The large-scale misuse and overuse of antibiotics in chicken is leading to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the c h i c ke n i t s e l f. These bacteria are then transmitted to humans through food or environment. Additionally, eating small doses of antibiotics through chicken could also lead to the development of antibioticresistant bacteria in humans. The problem is compounded by the fact that many essential and important antibiotics for humans are being used by the poultry industry. In India, there is growing

Fig: Effect of antibiotics in growth

evidence that resistance to ﬂuoroquinolones (such as ciproﬂoxacin) is rapidly increasing. In the United States, which is one of the largest users of antibiotics for animal food production, more than two million people suffer from antibiotic resistance-related illnesses every year; 23,000 of them succumb to the diseases. Annual healthcare costs due to antibiotic resistance are estimated to be as high as $20 billion. No such estimates are available for India, but cases of high antibiotic resistance are emerging from across the country. So what is to be done ? Governments worldwide are adopting regulations to control the use of antibiotics. But only those countries have shown signs of improvement that have taken stringent actions. The European Union (EU), for instance, has banned the use of antibiotics as growth promoters. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommended that antibiotics that are critical for human use should not be used in animals. Countries have also set standards for antibiotics in food

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commodities. Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) researchers pointed out that the poultry industry in India is growing at 10 per cent per annum. Poultry constitutes more than 50 per cent of all the meat consumed in India. CSE recommended the following to the government of India: Ÿ

Ban the use of antibiotics as growth promoters and for mass disease prevention. Antibiotics critical for humans should not be allowed in the poultry industry;

Antibiotics should not be used as a feed additive. The government should regulate the poultry feed industry;

Unlicensed and unlabelled antibiotics should not be sold in the market;

The government should promote the development of alternatives and good farm management practices;

Set standards for antibiotics in chicken products;

Set up systems for the monitoring and surveillance of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in humans and animals, and

Set pollution control standards for the poultry industry. Ban on antibiotic in animal and poultry feed The agriculture ministry's directive to ban the use of antibiotics and hormones in animal and poultry feed stated that the regular feeding of antibiotics had serious consequences on human beings since residues of antibiotics accumulated in meat, milk and eggs. Consumption of antibiotic contaminated meat, milk and eggs may develop antibiotic resistance in both human being and animals. This type of u s e of a n t i b i o t i c s s h o u l d b e discouraged, and in this regard, the farmers, industries and feed manufacturers should be advised and educated about not using antibiotics in animal feed. A large number of farmers and poultry business use antibiotics on a regular basis in feed to prevent diseases and to promote growth. These residues 12

Fig: Probiotics

i m m u n o s t i m u l a n t s , ba c t e r i o c i n s , bacteriophages, phytogenic feed additives, phytocides, nanoparticles and essential oils.

Fig: Your chicken is killing you

can stay inside meat, milk and eggs produced by such animals and birds. This may result is serious consequences by wasting the modern inventions of antibiotics and other drugs. Human and animals will be defeated to diseases which were earlier treated easily, if antibiotic resistance develops. The use of antibiotics is not a luxury, but needed by the poultry and other meat sectors to control the targeted pathogen and when prescribed by a veterinarian. But for the growth promotion and regular consumption may end in undesirable results, both in animals and human beings. Such use of antibiotics should be banned for food safety and better health. The use of hormones also should be banned, and the government should conduct proper awareness programmes for that. Various researches are going on the antibiotics, and for better alternatives to help farmers. Alternatives to the use of antibiotics Consumers' pressure and worries towards harmful effects of antibiotic use and the ban of antibiotics in EU have prompted researchers to think about alternatives to antibiotics (Diarra and Malouin, 2014). The aim of these alternatives is to maintain a low mortality rate, a good level of animal yield while preserving environment and consumer health. Much research has been carried out to look for natural agents with similar beneﬁcial effects of growth promoters. There are indeed a number of nontherapeutic alternatives that can substitute antibiotics use. Among these, the most popular are probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes, organic acids,

Conclusion Over the years, antibiotics have played an important role in fighting infectious diseases and stimulating poultry growth. Scientific evidence suggests that their large-scale use has led to antibiotic resistance and residues in the food and environment, par ticularly aquatic ecosystem, which can lead to public health problems. Many trials of potential alternatives to antibiotics have shown very relevant results. These alternatives give equal or better effects to antibiotics (namely good livestock performance), reduce mortality rates and protect environment and consumer health. Application of the results generated by these studies in feed industries, as well as livestock breeders and veterinar y practice is very appealing. Some studies show that antibiotic use can be dropped or reduced. It should also be noted that some trials have shown the efficacy of vaccination of chickens as a prophylactic treatment against necrotic enteritis induced by C. Perfringens . Another way of research in the future is to test the interactive effect of using combinations of these alternatives. The aim will be to maintain a high level of viability and optimum productivity in poultry antibiotic free farms.

Dr Prachurya Biswal, Dr Arun Somagond, Dr Susheel Kumar, Dr Arjuman Shaheen, Dr Seema Yadav

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COMMON POULTRY PARASITES A parasite is an organism that lives in or on another organism (referred to as the host) and gains an advantage at the expense of that organism.

External Parasites of Poultry There are several external parasites that attack poultry by either sucking blood or feeding on the skin or feathers. It is important to occasionally check your flock for external parasites. Early detection can prevent a flock outbreak. External parasites can cause real problems for small flock poultr y producers and occasionally for large flock producers. These unwanted visitors can be brought into the poultry house by wild birds or new birds being added to the flock. All new birds should be checked for parasites before they are mixed with the original flock. Parasites that can be found on birds include lice, mites and sometimes chiggers. The lice and mites are host specific and are not found on animals other than birds.

irritable, droopy, and will not eat. If birds are to be slaughtered the lesions will result in downgrades or condemnations. Chiggers are normally found on grass and weeds and may be a problem if birds are allowed to range in areas with tall vegetation. Chigger problems can be reduced if the vegetation is sprayed with an approved insecticide. Malathion dust or spray is an example. With any insecticide the label directions on mixing, application, and restrictions should always be followed.

The poultry louse is wingless, skin colored, and has six legs. There are several species that may be found on chickens, turkeys, ducks, and other fowl. When eggs are laid, they attach to the host's feathers. Lice generally feed on skin particles and feathers, but do not have sucking mouthparts and do not feed on blood. When examining a bird for lice they are usually found on the skin around the vent and under the wings. Mites There are several species of mites that may be found on poultry. This insect can be spread from farm to farm by infested crates, chickens, or other birds. Common or Red mite, Northern Fowl mite, Depluming Mite, Scaly Leg Mite etc are few examples of poultry mites. Chiggers

Worms Roundworms Roundworms (nematodes) are common in poultry, waterfowl, and wild birds. Species of roundworms that affect poultry include species of large roundworms (Ascaris sp., also known as ascarids), species of small roundworms (Capillaria sp., also known as capillary worms or threadworms) and cecal worms (Heterakis gallinarum). Roundworms can cause signiﬁcant damage to the organ(s) they infest. Tapeworms

Lice

It is a species of mite that is non-speciﬁc to a host. The irritations, whelps, and inﬂammations are the result of the insect attaching itself to the skin. If birds have multiple lesions they may become

cause a problem and can be left untreated. Clinical signs of a parasite infestation include unthriftiness, poor growth and feed conversion, decreased egg production, and, in severe cases, death.

Internal Parasites of Poultry The two types of internal parasites that affect poultry are worms and protozoa. Usually, low levels of infestation do not

Several species of tapeworms (cestodes) affect poultry. They range in size from very small (not visible to the naked eye) to more than 12 inches long. Tapeworms are made up of multiple flat sections. The sections are shed in groups of two or three daily. Each section of tapeworm contains hundreds of eggs, and each tapeworm is capable of shedding millions of eggs in its lifetime. Each species of tapeworm attaches to a different section of the digestive tract. A tapeworm attaches itself by using four pairs of suckers located on its head. Most tapeworms are host specific. Tapeworms require an intermediate host to complete their life cycle. These intermediate hosts include ants, beetles, houseflies, slugs, snails, earthworms, and termites. For birds kept in cages, the most likely host is the housefly. For those raised on litter, intermediate hosts include termites and beetles. For free-range birds, snails and earthworms can serve as intermediate hosts. There are no approved medications for use against tapeworms, so controlling the

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intermediate hosts of tapeworms is vital in preventing initial infections and reducing the risk of reinfection.

skin is wrinkled. Adults are about 1/4 inch in length. Ticks live in the cracks and crevices of a poultry house. Ticks in various stages of development will feed on a host.

Protozoa Protozoa are single-celled organisms found in most habitats, and they include some parasitic pathogens of humans and domestic animals. Protozoan parasites that are important to backyard poultr y growers are

coccidia (species of the Eimeria genus), cr yptosporidia (Cr yptosporidium baileyi), and histomonads (H. melegridis). Less-Common Parasites Fowl ticks (Argas persicus), also known as blue bugs, are considered soft ticks The ticks that affect birds are light reddish brown to dark brown and their

Bedbugs (Cimex lectularius) are nocturnal. Young and mature bedbugs crawl onto birds and suck their blood. Bedbugs hide, breed, and lay eggs in various locations in a poultry house, including in nests, behind nests, under loose boards, and in cracks around the walls, roosts, roof etc. Bed bugs can best be controlled by treating these locations with an approved insecticide.

Pragya Joshi¹, Annada Das² and Amandeep Singh³ ¹Ph.D. Scholar, I.V.R.I., Bareilly ² Ph.D. Scholar, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery sciences, Kolkata ³M.V.Sc. Scholar, I.V.R.I., Bareilly

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COLIBACILLOSIS IN POULTRY: A MAJOR ECONOMIC THREAT FOR POULTRY FARMERS

Introduction Avian colibacillosis called to the any localized or systemic infection that caused entirely or partly by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), including colisepticaemia, coligranuloma (Hjarre's disease), air sac disease, s w o l l e n h e a d s y n d ro m e , v e n e re a l colibacillosis and coliform cellulitis, p e r i to n i t i s , s a l p h i n g i t i s , o rc h i t i s , osteomyelitis/synovitis, panopthalmitis, omphalitis/yolk sac infection and enteritis as there are different pathotypes. Avian colibacillosis is an infectious and economic threat disease of birds caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli) which is considered as one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality, associated with heavy economic losses to the poultry industry by its association with various disease conditions, either as primary pathogen or as a secondary pathogen like Mycoplasma spp., and various fungi. Host Clinically deﬁned disease is reported most often in chickens, turkeys and ducks only. colibacillosis form of disease is most commonly seen in broiler chickens. It is majorly responsible for both embryo as well as early chick mortality even in breeders, too. Risk factors Factors associated with occurrence of avian colibacillosis are many Age is major factor of causing diseases. All age birds 18

are susceptible to colibacillosis, but young birds are more frequently affected and severity of the disease is greater noticed in young birds. Most of the outbreaks of colibacillosis occur aro u n d th e pe ri o d of pe ak production even sometimes at early age due to environment and water. Environment is one of the major crucial role for poultry rearing and its management. Similarly, water supply to birds is major risk factor, as it directly caused the disease. Clinical signs Although, with the technically, death is not a clinical sign in colibacillosis, this may be the main indication of an outbreak of colibacillosis in a flock. But it can caused the death due to the septic cause which may callled as colisepticemia. Clinical signs of predisposing or compounding factors are seen concurrently with signs of E. coli infections. Gross lesions Gross lesions can be found after post mortem examination are characteristic of colisepticaemia/colibacillosis in birds inclusive of fibrinous perihepatitis, pericarditis, congestion and regression of ovarian follicles with thicked tracheal and bronchial plug deposition. Diagnosis Collection of samples The diagnosis of colibacillosis iscan be done by isolation of E.coli from cardiac blood and affected tissues like liver, spleen, pericardium, bone marrow. Bone marrow cultures are easy to obtain it and are generally free of contaminating bacteria. Swabs collected from liver, oviduct and body cavity were also used for isolation of E. coli from colibacillosis infected birds. Isolation and identification

negative rods by Gram staining technique. Selective media like MacConkey, eosinmethylene blue (EMB) and HiChrome E. coli agar(HiMedia, India) are used for isolation of E. coli. A presumptive diagnosis of E. coli infection can be made if most of the colonies are characteristically dark with metallic sheen colour on EMB agar, bright pink with precipitate surrounding colonies on MacConkey agar, greenish colour colonies on Hichrome agar. Further identiﬁcation of the isolated colonies is based on biochemical reactions like, indole production, fermentation of glucose with gas production, presence of betagalactosidase, absence of hydrogen sulphide production and urease, and the inability to utilize citrate as carbon source. Molecular conﬁrmative diagnosis can be made by the E.coli 16S rRNA based Polymerase chain reaction. Economic losses Colibacillosis is one of the major causes of economic loss in the poultry industry worldwide. Despite being known for its impact, avian colibacillosis remains one of the major endemic diseases of poultry resulting in decrease in productivity, mortality and economic losses. About 5.5 per cent mortality and 10-20 per cent drop in eggs was observed with E. coli infections in egg type layers reared in cages. Heavy economic loss occurs in colibacillosis affected broilers and layers due to morbidity and mortality, which reduced production and poor chick quality. It has reported by Omer et al. that colibacillosis in layers caused 1.9 per cent mortality, results in 824.6 US $ economic loss in layers.

Dhruv Desai¹, Sonal Chaudhari², Rohit Kumar Jaiswal¹, Boopathi P. ¹ and Ketan Patel² ¹Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, U.P., India, ²Veterinary Ofﬁcer, Govt. of Gujarat, India

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FACTORS AFFECTING HATCHING EGG QUALITY There are many factors affecting the quality of hatching eggs. The following factors are important: egg size, egg weight, shell weight, shell strength, and shell quality. Egg Size Lighting patterns in rearing; lighting patterns in laying; nutrition; nutrient intake; disease; water supply; moulting; house temperature. Heat stress reduces egg size.

Shell Quality High and increased house temperatures; excess salinity in water; older ﬂocks; damage by bird's feet; collisions among eggs; time of day egg laid; and disease. The eggshell may show the following changes Thin, porous, soft

Flock early in lay; inadequate nutrient intake; inadequate protein, energy, fatty acids in feed, inadequate water, high temperature, and disease (Gumboro).

Feed intake inadequate; disease (Ranikhed, infectious bronchitis, egg drop syndrome); excessive temperature; older birds; nutrition, calcium or phosphorus deﬁciency, inadequate feed intake; zinc, manganese or vitamin D3 deﬁciency.

Egg Weight

Soft shell, Shell-less

Storage temperature and humidity.

B i rd s c o m i n g i n t o l a y ; D i s e a s e (Ranikhed, infectious bronchitis, egg drop syndrome); sulpha drugs.

Egg Size - small

Shell Weight Shell weight remains constant as hen ages but egg weight increases, that is, decreased shell quality. Shell strength Nutrients that inﬂuence shell strength include calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, manganese, chlorine, potassium and vitamins; disease, especially respiratory system diseases.

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bronchitis); excessive antibiotic and calcium; young birds coming into lay; older birds; stress. Mottled Shells Marked with coloured spot/patches. Genetic; humidity extremes; cage marks on freshly laid eggs. Cracked Shells High house temperature; high stocking density; cage design; shell thickness or strength or weight per unit area. 'Blood' spots: Genetic Cold environment; continuous lighting; low vitamin level; mycotoxins; disease (Ranikhed, infectious bronchitis). Abnormal yolk colour

Misshapen Genetic; Disease (Ranikhed, infectious bronchitis); older birds higher incidence of inadequate oviduct muscle tone, insufﬁcient protein in thick albumen; coming into lay.

Flock disease; low feed consumption; pigment levels in feed; intestinal parasites; micotoxins; oxidative breakdown of natural or synthetic carotenoids.

G.K.Rathinam Hatchery Specialist & Technical Consultant, India

Rough Shell: Genetic; disease (Ranikhed, infectious NOVEMBER 2018 Event : Poultry Tech Summit Date : November 5-7, 2018 Venue : Georgia Tech Hotel & Conference Center Web. : www.wattglobalmedia.com/p ultrytechsummit

NOVEMBER 2018 Event : Poultry India 2018 Date : 28-30 November 2018 Venue : Hitex Exhibition Complex, Hyderabad, INDIA Ph. : +91 9490612032 E-mail : info@poultryindia.co.in

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EFFECTS OF FEEDING MORINGAOLEIFERA LEAF MEAL IN POULTRY DIETS Introduction

Chemical composition

The poultry industry is one of the fastest growing industries globally, but is hampered by a heavy shortage of feed ingredients especially in developing countries. Thus, it is essential to explore the non-traditional feed resources which could be used in poultry feed for mulations. Moringaoleiferaor known as drumstick tree (Moringaceae), a highly valued plant, distributed in many countries of the tropics and subtropics, is one such plant with an impressiverange of medicinal uses, including growth promotion, antimicrobial and antioxidant effects.M. oleifera leaf improves egg production, yolk colour and feed conversion ratio as well as body weight, nutrient digestibility in poultry birds.

89.24

93.71

22.33

2.76

4.42

ME(kcal/kg)

2770

Ten of the nineteen observed amino acids in M. oleifera are categorized asessential; threonine, tyrosine, methionine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, histadine, lysineandtryptophan; and seventeenfatty acids, including α-linolenic acid, heneicosanoic,γ-linolenic, palmiteic and capric acid have been identiﬁed (Moyo et al.,2011).The concentrations of anti-nutritional factors like tannins, trypsin, amylase inhibitors, lectins, cyanogenic glucosides, glucosinolates, and saponins were either undetectable or negligible in leaves, twigs, and stems of M. oleifera leaves. Properties of Moringaoleifera leaf meal 1.

Anti-microbial

Antibiotic

Anti-inﬂammatory

Antioxidant

Anti-tumour

Anti-fungal

Anti-cholesterol

Improves digestion

Strengthens immune system

10. Appetite suppressant Chemical composition

Mode of action

Chemical composition of the Moringaoleifera leaf (MOL) meal on dry matter basis(Deyand De, 2013).

The antimicrobial property of M. oleifera is due to the presence of lipophilic compounds and these

compounds may attach to the cytoplasmic membrane of the pathogenic organisms. The antibiotic metabolites, such as carboxylic acid, 2,4-diacetyl phloroglucinol, cell walldegrading enzymes and chitinases is also present in extracts of M. oleifera seeds. The antioxidant activity of MOL extract and fruit is due to the presence of polyphenols, tannins, anthocyanin, glycosides, and thiocarbamates, which remove free radicals, activate antioxidant enzymes, and inhibit oxidases. Effect of Moringa leaf meal on the performance of laying hens Supplementation ofMoringaleaf meal in poultry birds increases feed and crude proteinintake, average weight gain, feed efficiency andprotein efficiency ratios. The presence of readily available protein, higher levels of methionine and other essential amino acids in Moringa leaf meal is highly convenient for monogastric animals including poultry.Kakengi et al. (2007) showedthat addition of 10% and 20% MOL mealto the laying hen diet, as a substitute for sunflower seedmeal, significantly (P<0.05) increased feed and drymatter intake and decreased egg mass production.In another study,supplementation of MOL meal (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) in thelaying hens' diets linearly decreased egglaying percentageand egg mass, while egg weight and feed intake showeda quadratic trend with the increased levels of MOL meal with the absence of a significant effecton feed conversion ratio(Abou-Elezzet al., 2011). Effect of Moringa leaf meal on the performance of Broilers M. oleifera leaf meal had positiveimpact on growth performance of broiler

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ARTICLE / EGG PRICES birds.It improves the growth per formance,nutrient utilization, efficiency of gut integrity and/or carcass yield in broiler. Incorporation of MOL at both 0.25% and 0.40% levels significantly (P<0.01) improved the body weight, feed efficiency and reduced (P<0.01) mortality in broiler chicken (Dey and De, 2013).The exact mode of action by which plant bioactive substances exert their positive effects on bird performance is not well u n d e r s to o d . N e v e r t h e l e s s , i t i s speculated that the main site of activity is within the gastro-intestinal tract due

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to modiﬁcation of gut micro-ﬂora, maximizing both feed digestibility and growth rate. Wallace et al. (2010) re p o r te d t h a t s y n e rg y b e t we e n individual bioactive com-pounds present in MOL may affect broad aspects of bird physiology, their ultimate objective being positive interaction with the biochemistry of the body.M. oleifera leaves are reported to contain benzylisothiocyanate,understood to have antibiotic properties (Fahey,2005), which may partly explain the improved growth performance.

The use ofM.oleiferaleaf meal is increasingday by day due to their beneﬁcial effects on poultry birds. M.oleiferaleaf meal can be used at levels of up to 5% of the diet of broilers and up to 10% of the diet of laying hens, without the deleterious effects on performance of birds.

Lamella Ojha, Banakar P S, Sonika Grewal, Ekta Rana, Asgar Ud-Deen and Shrija Sinha PhD Scholar-ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal

Conclusion

Egg Prices

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ys;j QkeZ ij] gksus okyh eD[kh dh fnDdr] mlls gksus okyh rdyhQ vkSj fookn vkSj eSuqj dh ns[kHkky ys;j QkeZj ds fy, cgqr cM+k eqík gS] vkSj gkykafd QkeZj dbZ rjhdksa ds ç;kl djds tw>rk gS] vkt Hkh iwjh rjg fl) vkSj lEiw.kZ rjhdk ugha gSA lHkh rjhdks ds Qk;ns uqDlku gSaA

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VwVs vaMs eSuqj esa u fxjs] ikuh dh yhdst u gks] cPpks dks nLr u gks] vkSj le; le; ij eSuqj gV tk,A

ldrh gSA Li‚V flLVe ls ;kuh txg txg balsfDVlkbM j[kus ls mi;ksxh tarqvksa dks de uqdlku gksxk vkSj dkjxj rjhdk gksxkA

tgk¡ lq[kk j[kuk laHko ugha gksrk] vkSj vf/kd ikuh Mkydj ;k fQj dsjksflu ¼1 yhVj@10 yhVj ikuh esa 10000 ds QkeZ ij½ Mkydj eSuqj dks 4 fnu IykfLVd ls VkbV <¡d nsus ls lHkh eSxV ,d ckj ej tkrs gSaA ysfdu bl rjhds ls cncw c<+ ldrh gS] vkSj xanxh vkSj c<+ tkrh gSA eSxV dks ,d ckj ekj nsuk dkQh ughaA efD[k;ka nksckjk vaMk ns nsaxhA

efD[k;ksa dh rknkr de djus ds fy, dkjxj gSA lIrkg esa 1 ckj ls T;knk u bLrseky djuk iM+s rks csgrj gSA

iksYVªh ds eSuqj esa 60&70% ueh gksrh gS] vkSj efD[k;ksa ds fy;s t:jh iks"kd rÙo Hkh] vkSj blfy, ;s efD[k;ksa dh czhfMax@çtuu ds fy, cgqr mi;qä gksrk gSA iksYVªh gkml dh efD[k;ka lkekU;r% 3 rjhds dh gksrh gSa] ysfdu lcls T;knk ijs'kkuh ?kjsyq efD[k;ka gh djrh gS ¼eLdk MksesfLVDl½ D;ksafd ;s nwj rd mM+ ldrh gS] budks vaMs ls eD[kh cuus esa 4&7 fnu yxrs gS] vkSj ;s 80&90 fMxzh ÝsagsbV esa cgqr lfØ; gksrh gSa tks dh gekjs ;gk¡ vklkuh ls feyrk gS A ;s uk flQZ [kkus vkSj 'kjhj ij cSBrh gSa] cfYd eqxhZ vkSj balku dh cgqr lh chekfj;ka QSykus esa ennxkj gSaA budh mez 3&4 g¶rs gksrh gSA efD[k;ksa ds fu;a=.k ds fy, eSuqj dh O;oLFkk vkSj QkeZ dh lQkbZ ,ge Hkwfedk fuHkkrh gSA eD[kh dks ys;j QkeZ ls iwjh rjg gVkuk rks cgqr gh eqf'dy gS ysfdu mudks de Lrj ij j[kus ds dqN rjhds eS lk>k dj jgk gw¡A 1½ eSuqj dh lw[kh O;oLFkk vkSj lQkbZ 2½ eSuqj dh xhyh O;oLFkk ¼Lyjh eSustesaV½ 3½ eSdsfudy daVªksy 4½ ck;ksy‚ftdy daVªksy 5½ ykohZflMy Lçs eSuqj ij 6½ ykohZflMy QhM }kjk 7½ cSV ,MYV efD[k;ksa ds fy, 8½ Lisl Lçs ,MYV efD[k;ksa ds fy, 9½ jsflMqvy Lçs ,MYV efD[k;ksa ds fy,

dHkh bls czk;yj esa u nsA blls eSuqj ds mi;ksxh tarqvksa dks rdyhQ ugha gksrhA ysfdu bldk vuqfpr mi;ksx djus ls jsftLVsal gks ldrk gSA bls yxkrkj ugha nsuk pkfg,A igys ballsfDVlkbM Lisl Lçs ;k Q‚xsj ls efD[k;ka ekj ysA mlds ckn tc yxs dh eSxV iui jgs gSa] rc QhM }kjk bls ns vkSj eSxV ej tkus ij can dj nsaA lkFk gh efD[k;ka ekjrs jgsA fQj nksckjk t:jr gksus ij ;gh djsA BaMh esa vkSj efD[k;ka de gksus ij yxkrkj 4 eghus bldk mi;ksx u djsA

;fn eSuqj dh ueh 30% ls de gksxh rks eD[kh ds vaMs lgh rjg ls iui ugha ik,axsA QhM vkSj

blls dqN le; dk vkjke gksrk gS] ysfdu mi;ksxh tarq ejus dh otg ls fnDdr c<+

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eD[kh dh cSBus dh txg tSls dh lhfyax] nhokj ] ok;j bR;kfn ij fNM+dko djrs gSa vkSj jsflMw çHkko gksus ds ukrs dkjxj gSA ;s t:j psd dj ys dh ;s eqxhZ ds fy, uqdlku u gks D;ksafd ;s vanj Hkh Lçs gksxkA ¼eqxhZ ij ugha] nhokj bR;kfn ij½A ikuh ds crZu ij ;k nkus ij ugha iM+uk pkfg,A balsfDVlkbM nok dks xqM+ ;k 'kDdj ds lkFk feykdj vaMs dh dkVZu esa ;k dkMZ cksMZ ij xe ls fpidk dj NksM+k tk ldrk gSA /;ku jgs] ;s eqxhZ] yscj ;k muds cPpks ds fy, tgjhyk gks ldrk gSA bls eD[kh dk lhtu 'kq: gksus ds igys ls] çfr lIrkg bLrseky djuk mi;ksxh gSA ;fn ikuh vkSj nkus esa fey x;k rks [krjukd gks ldrk gSaA ;s dqN lkekU; rjhd vkSj muds Qk;ns uqdlku gSaA ysfdu QkeZj vkSj M‚DVj vius vuqHko vuqlkj blls gV dj Hkh rjhds viukrs gSaA ,sls esa eqyHkqr fl)kar lkekU;r% ;gh gksrk gSA ,MYV eD[kh vkSj eSxV dks fu;af=r djus ds rjhdksa dks lqfu;ksftr rjhds ls ,d lkFk vey esa ykus ij dqN jkgr vo'; feyrh gSA mEehn gS dqN yksxksa dks bl tkudkjh ls fn'kk feysxhA

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HOW TO ACHIEVE SUCCESSFUL COCCIDIOSIS VACCINATION Coccidiosis is an infectious disease caused by protozoa from the genus Eimeria. The parasite is host specific and has a direct life cycle. Birds get infected by ingestion of live sporulatedoocystsomni present in poultry houses. Once ingested by the chicken, the parasites invade and multiply in epithelial cells and hereby cause significant damage. by Ben Dehaeck G l o b a l P r o d u c t M a n a g e r, Anticoccidials, Huvepharma, Belgium. www.huvepharma.com Day-old chicks spray vaccinated with coccidiosis vaccineThe severity of infection will depend mainly upon the number of infective oocysts ingested, i.e. on the infection pressure in the poultry house. Birds suffering from clinical coccidiosis will show typical signs like diarrehea, bloody droppings, increased mortality, decreased feed intake and impaired performance insufficient control of coccidiosis also leads to impaired growth and feed conversion ratio, without the presence of evident clinical signs, so called subclinical coccidiosis or coccidiasis. Intensive methods of production of poultry greatly favor the reproduction of E i m e r i a . A s a c o n s e q u e n c e , coccidiosis is a continuing problem requiring constant attention and, in the case of broilers, a need for continuous supplementation with anticoccidial drugs or coccidiosis vaccines. The latter is becoming more important in recent years as it can be an alternative to manage coccidiosis and it can restore sensitivity of the Eimeria species in case 28

Day-old chicks spray vaccinated with coccidiosis vaccine of decreased efficacy of the current registered anticoccidials. The prevalence of clinical coccidiosisis estimated at 5% and of subclinical coccidiosisat of 20% of the global poultry production. This demonstrates that under current production systems, coccidiosis is still a major issue. Coccidiosis vaccination Coccidiosis control by means of vaccination is standard practice in breederand layer flocks housed in alternative systems. For vaccination live vaccines are being used, resulting in controlled contact, with minimal intestinal damage, with the different Eimeria species at an early age of life; the contact being necessar y to establish immunity against the pathogenic field strains. The reasons to consider coccidiosis vaccination in broilers (at least those slaughtered at younger ages, 6 weeks of age) are different. The main reason for vaccination in these broilers is not for immunity build-up, but for improvement of the sensitivity of the Eimeria field strains to anticoccidial compounds, the so called 'restoration of sensitivity' concept. Furthermore, changing demands of

retailers for specific labels, like ABF & NAE policies are, especially in the US, drivers for the increased use of coccidiosis vaccines in broiler flocks. The success of coccidiosis vaccination is influenced by two important parameters; the intake of the vaccine immediately after vaccination and the consecutive cycling of the vaccine. Firstly, special attention must be paid to vaccine application. In most cases, coccidiosis vaccine administrations are mass applications by spraying the vaccine on the birds (in the hatchery or at arrival in the poultry house), spraying on the feed or by adding it to the drinking water. Although individual application of coccidiosis vaccines (for instance by eye drop) is the golden standard for guaranteeing the correct dosing for each individual bird, it is rarely performed because it is very labor intensive. Mass application, if not applied properly, might result in incomplete vaccination of a part of the population as not every bird will swallow equal amounts of the vaccine. Coccidiosis vaccination in the hatchery using the spray methodhas long judged as a convenient and successful method

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ARTICLE to vaccinate chicks, with coccidiosis vaccines applied to day-old chicks using standard cabinets which have been set up to maximize droplet size. In order to optimize chances for good control, it is important to take notice of some specific guidelines during the application and in the management of the farm. Seven critical steps of good coccidiosis vaccination Correct application in the hatchery: Temperature A coccidiosis vaccine contains live parasites and transport and storage of the vaccine should be temperature controlled. A coccidiosis vaccine is sensitive to temperature variation. The optimal temperature for transporting and storage of the vaccines is between 2° and 8° Celsius. It is advisable to monitor temperatures during transport and storage and any abnormalities should be reported. Extra care should be taken to ensure the vaccine is never frozen in transport or storage as freezing oocysts will kill them. Check for cold spots in the refrigerator. Vaccine preparation The dilution should always be made according the specifications of the manufacturer for a specific vaccine. Preferably distilled water should be used as chlorinated water might have a negative effect on the viability of the parasite. In order to remove all the oocysts from the vial, the vial should be shaken before emptying and rinsed at least 2-3 times. Next to diluting the vaccine with water, a dye is added to the solution. The reason for adding a dye is to make the droplets more visible to the chicks and promote preening and in this way the intake of the vaccine. The dye should be diluted according to the manufacturer specifications. Application 30

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Use a clean spraying vaccine device which provides a droplets size of ≥100µm. In spraying devices containing a filter it is advised to remove the filter during vaccination. Once the vaccine solution is prepared it must be constantly mixed. Oocysts are heavier than water so they would sink to the bottom if not constantly kept moving (stirring can be done by means of air or magnetic rod). It is very important that Spray vaccination in the hatchery the oocysts are evenly note is that an unsprayed chick does distributed in the not necessarily mean that it is not solution to ensure that each bird is vaccinated with the same dosage. vaccinated. As described below, When the chick crates pass the nozzles preening is essential for vaccine uptake. of the spray cabinet, the distribution of Preening the spray should be carefully adjusted This is essentially the most important so that it covers the entire box (not too part of the vaccination as the chicks will much or too little). This should be actually be vaccinated by ingestion of tested and adjusted before the first droplets (= preening). When the box batch of birds pass through the passes under the nozzles the birds get spraying machine. wet and colored (in case of using a dye). The volume for spraying one box of 100 chicks is usually around 25ml. The dilution of the vaccine is calculated based on the number of chicks inside one box, the flow rate and the package of the vaccine. For example for boxes containing 100 chicks, a vaccine vial of 10,000 doses should be diluted in 2.5 litre of water, if the spray cabinet is spraying 25ml per box. This should be checked before and during application and adjusted when needed. The spray should be coarse meaning that the chicks need to see the droplets. When a mist is created, the droplets size is set too small and the birds will be less stimulated to star t preening. A coccidiosis vaccine is intended to be ingested and not inhaled. Important to

It is not because a chick has droplets on its head that it is vaccinated. The real vaccination is obtained when they ingest the droplets from another chick in the crate! Important to allow preening is to have sufﬁcient light after the vaccination ideally this light should not only come from the celling but also from the sideways. If crates are stacked too high the lower boxes might not get enough light and the birds will not be stimulated enough to preen. Correct temperature between 24° and 27° Celsius without draft in the waiting room is also important to have s u f ﬁ c i e n t a c t i v i t y f o r p re e n i n g . Attention should be paid that the birds are completely dry before they get

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ARTICLE transported so it is recommended to have at least a time span of 15-20 minutes before loading the crates. Coccidosis vaccines are live vaccines and in order to obtain a solid immunity, each of the different Eimeria species in the vaccine needs to replicate. Eimeria replication takes place in, for each species, speciﬁc region in the intestine. At the end of the replication new vaccine parasites are excreted and when these are again picked up by the chickens, a second wave of vaccine replication will start. It has been demonstrated that a second and even a third contact with replicating parasites is necessary to obtain a solid immunity. This indicates the importance of the Eimeria species in the vaccine to be capable of multiplying themselves. In order to allow this cycling of the vaccine, certain measures on the farm are advisable: On Farm Preparation of the poultry house Before entering new birds in the house it should be thoroughly prepared. Special attention should be given to the feeding and drinking lines. It should be carefully checked that no feed is left in the feeders and the silo's from the previous ﬂock as this might contain medication and/or anticoccidials that might interfere with the vaccine.

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It is paramount for the success of a coccidiosis vaccination not to have any kind of drugs in the feed that could kill the vaccine! The same applies for the drinking water. This is especially important in the first weeks after vaccination until solid immunity has been developed. Next to this, if vaccination is done alternately with anticoccidials between flocks, one can optimize vaccination by doing, a cleanup (with chemical anticoccidial) the flock before as this will lower the coccidiosis infection pressure considerably, giving an advantage to the vaccine strains to dominate the poultry house. Environment Both temperature and humidity are very important parameters for the cycling of the vaccine. Next to the general advice for good brooding management (CO2:<2,000ppm, maximum 3,000ppm/NH3: <10ppm/minimum 32°C at chicken height/ temperature of the floor: ideal: 30°C/ warm the house before placing the litter) these are specific requirements when coccidiosis vaccination is applied. For optimal sporulation of oocysts a relative humidity in the house of 60%, dry matter content in the litter of maximum 80% and a litter temperature of minimum 25°C is advisable. For

cycling of oocysts contact between excreted vaccine and the birds is necessary. This is guaranteed if broilers are ﬂoor reared and under normal commercial density. Monitoring It is advisable to monitor the ﬂock after vaccination. This can be done by performing necropsies or by doing OPG counts. It is expected to have high OPG counts after vaccination as this is crucial to allow the vaccines to cycle. AS for necropsies the ideal age of the birds to check for coccidiosis lesion would be between 15 days of age until slaughter age. It can be expected to see some coccidiosis lesions as the birds received the parasite but the scores should not be too high and they should disappear early (earlier than normal) as the vaccine strains have a shorter life cycle and will induce lower lesions. Monitoring should be done regularly and any deviation reported to the manufacturer. Conclusion Coccidiosis vaccination in broilers is becoming increasingly popular. Crucial for successful vaccination is a correct application and management afterwards to allow cycling of the vaccine. Dr. Nitin N. Joshi

BENEFITS OF EATING EGGS Fatty Acid and Vitamin B-12 in it, which is good enough for our brain. This Vitamin helps to enhance our Memory Power.

2. 31

Instant Energy: An egg can provide you instant energy and it takes only 1 to 2 hours to digest. A 100 g.ms of egg contains 155 calories, which provides energy to your body instantly. Sharp You're Mind: Egg has Omega-3

Good For Eyes: It found in research that the aged people who have 2 eggs daily, they have good eye sights. Vitamin-A is good for our eyes and this Vitamin is available in the egg.

Breast Cancer: Research of Harvard University shows that consuming eggs reduces the chances of Breast Cancer.

Women who consumes 6 to 8 eggs every week, helps to stop the Breast Cancer. 5.

Build Muscle: If you do exercise or go to gym and you are not gaining muscle, so you must eat egg. Egg is a good source of protein, which is helpful in Build the Muscle and Gaining Weight. Therefore if you want to build your Body so consume two to six eggs (Based on how much workout you do). Do not eat yolk (yellow inner part of the egg) too much.

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BONHAM POULTRY RECRUITS FOR 100 NEW WORKERS, A WEEK AFTER NEARLY GOING OUT OF BUSINESS

onham Poultry is looking to take on 100 new workers, just days after a rescue deal that saved the jobs of its 1,000 employees. Adverts have begun to circulate on social networks for the posts, which offer an immediate start at the Attleborough factory. The company was not immediately available for comment about the jobs, but a recruitment drive would support the positive noises made by new owners Chesterﬁeld Poultry. When the deal was announced, Chesterﬁeld Poultry chief executive Nadeem Iqbal said his company was looking forward “to continuing the legacy of the brand and quality poultry

p r o d u c t i o n i n Attleborough,Martyn Bromley, chief executive of Bonham Poultry, had also assured the company's workers that their jobs would be safe and the new owners were keen to invest in the Norfolk site. An advert for recruitment company Tailor Made Sourcing, which operates across east Lancashire and west Yorkshire, says it is “seeking a large number of poultr y production operatives to work within Bonham chicken factory. The duties include production, packing, labeling and boxing cuttings of chicken working, within the feather room. It says that for the right candidates “this is an ongoing position. Derbyshire-based Chesterﬁeld Poultry bought the assets of Bonham Poultry in a pre-pack administration on Friday. A pre-pack administration is a procedure in which the assets of a company are bought and transferred to a new company, leaving behind the previous company's debts. The deal followed Bonham Poultry

going public with its financial difficulties and subsequent search for a buyer, after a summer in which it had been hit by rising feed prices, falling trade and disruption from bedding in new machinery it had invested in. Joint administrator Allan Graham of Duff & Phelps said: “The business has faced a perfect storm in recent months, with increasing margin pressures from supermarket chains as a result of price competition, combined with increases in feed prices. It had been undertaking a number of capital projects designed to improve productivity in the longer term but these have impacted shortterm profitability which in turn has hit margin.

RAISING A CHICKEN PLANT, PART 4: THE BARNS

arret Hetzel says it'll be years before he starts seeing dividends from his chicken barns, which will be supplying poultry to Fremont's Costco and Lincoln Premium Poultry chicken plant.But that's ﬁne, he says. The incoming eight-barn site, which will be located just north of North Bend, isn't really meant for him, anyway. Hetzel plans to invest everything he makes back into the business, hoping to pay off the business' roughly $4 million loan in about 10 to 12 years—hopefully a few years ahead of schedule.By that time, he hopes that the farm will be ready for the ones who really matter: his kids, 4year-old Ayden and 13-week-old Will. It's 32

designed to be set up for my family, my kids down the line, so when they graduate college or get out of high school, they can come back to something if they choose to,” he said. “If they want to come back and work at the farm and own the chicken barns, they'll be able to. I mean, they're going to grow up doing that stuff because that's what I grew up doing and it kind of gives you a sense of ownership. This story is the ﬁnal part of a four-part series looking at the implementation of Costco and Lincoln Premium Poultry's incoming chicken operation in Nebraska and exploring the project's initial local economic impact. For this story, we look

a t C o s tc o's g ro we r n e t w o r k — t h e contracted chicken producers building barns across northeast Nebraska that will exclusively provide poultr y to the Fremont-based processing plant. This type of business model, where one company or entity controls much of the supply chain, is often referred to as vertical integration. Costco ofﬁcials, contractors and supporters of the projects have framed the operation as an exciting business opportunity—one with the potential to help curb the depopulation of rural areas by creating new opportunity for future generations.

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RECORD $26.9M FINE FOR PRICE-FIXING POULTRY SUPPLIERS

he amount is the highest total ﬁnancial penalty in a single case, the Competition and Consumer Commission of Singapore (CCCS) said in issuing its infringement decision yesterday. From 2007 to 2014, they met to discuss prices, and coordinated the amount and timing of increases on at least seven occasions, raising prices by 10 cents to 30 cents a kilogram each time. They also agreed not to compete for customers. The actions restricted market competition and customer choices, and likely contributed to price increases of certain products, CCCS said. The distributors import live chickens from Malaysia and slaughter them here for sale to restaurants, supermarkets, hotels, wet market stalls and hawker stalls. The products include whole chickens, chicken parts and processed chicken. Chicken is the most consumed meat in Singapore, with more than 30kg consumed per person annually, compared to 1kg to 20kg for other meats such as ﬁsh, pork, beef and mutton. In 2016, 49 million chickens were slaughtered here. Given the high consumption and the companies' combined market share, a large number of their customers and end-consumers were affected, CCCS said. Investigations 33

began in 2014 following a tip-off, and CCCS issued a p r o p o s e d infringement decision against the 13 suppliers in 2016. They are: Gold Chic Poultry Supply, Hua Kun Food Industry, Hy-fresh Industries, Kee Song Food Corporation (S) (formerly Kee Song Brothers Poultry Industries), Lee Say Poultry Industrial and its sole proprietor Lee Say Group, Hup Heng Poultry Industries, Leong Hup Food (formerly KBS Distribution) and its holding company ES Food International, Prestige Fortune (S), Ng Ai Food Industries (formerly Ng Ai Muslim Poultry Industries), Sinmah Poultry Processing,Toh Thye San Farm, Tong Huat Poultry Processing Factory and Ban Hong Poultry, It conducted further investigations after new evidence came to light, prompting four companies Tong Huat Group, Sinmah, Kee Song and Hy-fresh - to apply for lenient treatment, CCCS said last December. Under its Leniency Programme, parties that provide information on their cartel activities can be granted immunity or have their fines cut by up to 100 per cent.The highest fine of $11,399,041 went to Lee Say Group, which has four companies under it, followed by Tong Huat Group, which was fined $3,580,415, and Kee Song Food Corporation (S), with a $2,689,065 fine.CCCS said it arrived at the amounts after considering the companies' turnover, the nature, duration and seriousness of the infringement and

aggravating and mitigating factors.The record penalty was imposed given the l a rg e s i z e of t h e i n d u s t r y, t h e companies' high market share, the seriousness and the duration of the cartel conduct. The companies have also been directed to provide a written undertaking to refrain from using the Poultry Merchants' Association, of which they are members, or any other industry association as a platform or front for anti-competitive activities.They had met as early as 2000 to discuss prices at such places as the association's headquarters, though evidence of coordinated antic o m p e t i t i ve e f f o r t s d a te d f ro m 2007.The whistleblower will get a sum of money under the CCCS' reward scheme for information leading to infringement decisions against cartel members.Price ﬁxing and market sharing are considered some of the most harmful types of anti-competitive conduct, said CCCS chief executive Toh Han Li.Such conduct is particularly harmful when the products are widely consumed in Singapore, such as in this case.

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POULTRY FEED MARKET: GLOBAL POULTRY FEED SHARE TO SURPASS USD 226.20 BILLION BY 2021

ion Market Research has recently added the latest report, titled “Poultry Feed Market Is Expected To Reach Above USD 226.20 Billion in 2021”, which examines the overview of the various factors enabling growth and trends in the global industry. The global Poultry Feed Market report portrays an in-depth analysis of the global Poultry Feed Market that assesses the market size and market estimation for the predicted period. The leading performers of the Poultry Feed Market are proﬁled in the report along with the systematic details referring to their revenue, segmentation, earlier improvements, product segmentation, and a complete outline of their b u s i n e s s e s . T h e re s e a rc h s t u d y

estimates the development of the leading market players with the help of SWOT analysis. Furthermore, while estimating the growth of major market players, the most recent enhancements are taken into consideration. The global Poultry Feed Market is bifurcated on the basis of the main product category, segments [Product, Applications, EndUsers, and Major Regions], and subsegments.Global Poultry Feed Market research report focuses on various developments, industry trends, growth opportunities, restraints and drivers t h a t i m pa c t t h e g ro w t h of t h e worldwide Poultry Feed Market. A new report on Poultry Feed Market delivers an in-depth understanding of the consecutive industry growth path of the along with the future scenarios and present situation of the market. This report offers an exclusive analysis and outlook of the worldwide market and also presents insights on regional and other important segments. The global Poultry Feed Market research report assembles data collected from different regulatory organizations to assess the growth of the segments. In addition, the

DELHI HIGH COURT BANS SLAUGHTER OF POULTRY IN GHAZIPUR MURGA MANDI

n an interim direction, the Delhi High Cour t on Monday banned the slaughter of poultry at the Ghazipur Murga Mandi here till further orders. A bench of Chief Justice Rajendra Menon and Justice V. Kameswar Rao, however, allowed the sale of live chicken at the market and listed the matter for further hearing on October 29, The court asked the authorities to ﬁle an afﬁdavit indicating a plan to set up a designated slaughterhouse in the area. The order 34

came on a report ﬁled by the Delhi Pollution Control Board which has raised the violation of animal welfare laws at the Mandi and sought its closure. The court turned down the plea. We are concerned with the larger issue of pollution in the area," the judges said, The court was hearing a plea ﬁled by animal rights activist Gauri Maulekhi, who alleged that there was the indiscriminate violation of animal rights and blatant abuse of animal

study also appraises the global Poultry Feed Market on the basis of topography. It reviews the macro- and microeconomic features influencing the growth of the Poultry Feed Market in each region. Various methodological tools are used to analyze the growth of the global Poultry Feed Market. On a regional basis, the global Poultry Feed Market is classified into Latin America, North America, Asia Pacific, Middle & East Africa, and Europe. A complete value chain of the global Poultry Feed Market is presented in the research report. It is associated with the review of the downstream and upstream components of the Poultr y Feed Market. The market is bifurcated on the basis of the categories of products and the customer application segments. The market analysis demonstrates the expansion of each segment of the global Poultr y Feed Market. The research report assists the user in taking a decisive step that will be a milestone in developing and expanding their businesses in the global Poultry Feed Market.

welfare laws at the Mandi. Maulekhi said the poultr y were openly slaughtered in the Ghazipur market without obtaining any license. The petitioner requested the court to direct the Commissioner of the Food Safety Department to stop illegal slaughter of poultry in the national capital and that all such slaughter should be done in compliance with the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) Licence and Registration Regulation. The counsel also sought a committee for weekly inspections at the Mandi to ensure that there was no violation of the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act.

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BZ UNIVERSITY ICRA PREDICTS DECENT GROWTH FOR MULTAN TO MARK DOMESTIC POULTRY INDUSTRY WORLD EGG DAY B

ahauddin Zakariya University (BZU) is going to organise a ceremony in connection with World Egg Day, which is marked on October 12 globally.The ceremony will be held at Faculty of Veterinary Sciences at BZU on Friday under the auspices of Pakistan Poultry Association and a private company. Dean Faculty of Vet Sciences, Dr Masood Akhtar, said that egg is a healthy diet, adding that one should make it part of one's meal.The chief organizer said that different competitions of cooking dishes by using eggs will be held among the students to make the day colourful.BZU Vice Chancellor, Dr Tahir Amin, will be chief guest, he concluded.

a c ke d b y f a v o r a b l e s o c i o economic factors, the domestic poultry industry, comprising chieﬂy of broiler meat and table eggs, is expected to grow at a steady pace in the medium to long-term. The healthy growth registered by the industry in the past decade has made India into one of the fastest growing poultr y market, according to an ICRANSE 1.36 % note released on Wednesday. Globally too, the country has emerged as one of the fastest growing poultry producer over the last decade and is currently the fourth largest in volume terms. With domestic per capita consumption still one of the lowest in the world, the industry has the potential to grow further. Giving more insights into the industry, Mr. Ashish Modani, Assistant Vice President, Corporate Sector ratings, ICRA says, “The domestic poultry industry mainly consists of broiler meat and table egg with other p o u l t r y m e a t f o rm i n g m a rg i n a l proportion of overall market. Based on average chick placements per month, total broiler market size is estimated at 4.2 million tons (carcass weight), translating into volume growth of 7% year-on-year during calendar year 2017. As per ICRA's estimate, per capita meat consumption is around 3.6 kg p.a. which puts total broiler meat market size at Rs. 730 billion in terms of retail price. The domestic table egg production for CY2017 is estimated at 84 billion eggs translating to a per capita egg consumption of 63 egg p.a. and market size of Rs. 420 billion. The broiler volume growth is intentionally kept at manageable levels to avoid

supply glut given industry wide supply control measures adopted like lower chick placements, hatching holidays, early liquidation of parent stock, etc. to control supply and ensure reasonable broiler realizations. The industry's proﬁtability remained stable in FY2018, driven by low soymeal prices and remunerative broiler and table egg realisations throughout the year. The average farm gate broiler realizations for FY2018 at Rs. 75/kg are better than Rs. 70/kg in FY2017 while average broiler production costs at Rs. 60/kg in FY2018 is almost 6-7% lesser than FY2017 levels given stable soymeal prices in FY2018, especially during 9mFY2018 post a sharp decline in FY2017. Same is expected to result in improvement in operating margins for the poultry integrators during FY2018 with aggregate operating margins for ICRA set of companies projected to remain stable at 7.5-8% in FY2018.

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SAUDI ARABIA SUSPENDS POULTRY IMPORTS FROM INDIA AMID BIRD FLU IN KARNATAKA

audi Arabia has imposed a temporary suspension on import of chicken and eggs in any form from India due to avian influenza outbreaks in some districts of Karnataka.The A g r i c u l t u r a l & P ro c e s s e d F o o d Products Expor t Development Authority (Apeda) said in a notification that the Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture of Saudi Arabia had imposed a temporar y import suspension on all live birds, hatching eggs and chicks from India due to avian influenza outbreaks. Although Saudi

Arabia contributes a mere 3 per cent to India’s annual poultry exports of $80 million, exporters fear similar reactions from other importing countries. Oman leads with 38 per cent share in total poultry exports, followed by Maldives (9.3 per cent) and Vietnam (7.6 per cent). India is considered as one entity in terms of poultry farming. Hence, importing countries suspend purchase of poultry products from the entire nation in case of (highly pathogenic) avian inﬂuenza outbreak in a small town. Since India’s overall poultry exports is a very small portion of its industry size, the import suspension by Saudi Arabia is not going to have any impact on chicken and eggs,” said Balram Yadav, managing director, Godrej Agrovet, one of India’s largest players in poultry products and feed. Owing to repeated outbreaks of the virus, India’s poultry exports have

declined over the last two years. After sustaining above $100 million for two years, exports declined to $79.31 million in 2016-17. Poultry exports in the April-December also declined by 0.5 per cent to $59 million. However, in rupee terms, exports declined 4.27 per cent to Rs 3.81 billion from Rs 3.98 billion in the corresponding period last year. Suspension by any country normally has a cascading effect on other countries. We fear similar suspension by other countries, said a senior industry executive. Experts, however, h a ve u rg e d t h e g o ve rn m e n t to segregate the countr y's poultr y industry into separate zones to enable exports from other regions in case of outbreaks. They said segregation would not hamper exports of poultry products from India.

POULTRY BUSINESS OPENS NEW AVENUES FOR TRIBAL WOMEN IN MADHYA PRADESH

he 15-km journey from the energy hub of Singrauli to Bachnar, in Madhya Pradesh, opens up a beautiful panorama of forests, meadows, and hills. Till 2014, when she had set up a 36

poultry farm in the backyard, Panmati used to take this road to Singrauli in search of a livelihood.Panmati is a Gond, a forest tribe that once ruled Central India. Typical of the community

average, she has six children, most of whom are school dropouts. Like all Gond families, they too grow maize during the rainy season, but do not have land records. With Gond men devoted to their cultural tradition of drinking, women hop on to Mahindra pick-ups, the local conveyance, to work as daily labourers. Panmati and 25 other Gond women from Bachnar are now spared this, as they are making 3,0003,500 a month by raising chicken in the backyard.

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MEAT, POULTRY, AND SEAFOOD PACKAGING MARKET: EVOLVING TECHNOLOGY, TRENDS AND INDUSTRY ANALYSIS 2021 Meat, Poultry, And Seafood Packaging Market report provides overview of DNA and RNA Sample Preparation Industry, including industry chain analysis, manufacturing technology, characteristics and latest market trends & dynamics. Meat, Poultr y, And Seafood Packaging market research report also focuses on future trends and demand, supply and market expansion rate, prices, competition, size, prices and value chain of key players in the Meat, Poultry, And Seafood Packaging industry with a forecast period from 2017–2021. The information provided in the report is a perfect blend of market

data as it provides the market value of Meat, Poultry, And Seafood Packaging Market for the 2017 year as well as an accurate market forecast for the period 2017-2021.The report is tailor made for making an accurate business development plan for the Meat, Poultry, And Seafood Packaging Market space for the new entrants as well as present industry players. Meat, poultry, and seafood are rich in nutrients such as proteins, iron, zinc, and vitamins B and E. These foods are available in the Market in frozen, fresh, ready-to-eat, and processed forms. Proper packaging of these foods is essential to preserve

CELL-BASED MEAT' SEES A TRUCE

The U.S. meat industry and its emerging competitors in the ﬁeld of lab-grown meat struck a truce in a letter to the White House. They said FDA and USDA should jointly regulate the new product that they agreed to call “cell-based meat and poultry.” The proposal would avert a potentially nasty ﬁght among agencies over regulation of the products, including the question whether they can even be sold as meat, something strenuously opposed by cattle groups. Cell-based meats . . . are the latest in a long history of innovation in American agriculture,” says the letter 37

signed by the North American Meat Institute, a trade group for the meat industry, and Memphis Meat, one of a handful of start-ups that aim to put cellbased meat, also called clean meat and cell-cultured meat, on the market in less than a year. “FDA should have oversight over premarket safety evaluations for cell-based meat and poultry products. Given USDA's expertise in regulating meat and poultry, that role should continue,A number of meatpackers, including Tyson Foods, have taken small stakes in companies developing c e l l - ba s e d m e a t s . T h e i n d u s t r y sometimes describes itself as a “protein producer, and longtime meatpackers also are dabbling in plant-based proteins. Meanwhile, a new Missouri state law prohibits plant- and cellbased products from using the word “meat” on their labels. The term is reserved for ﬂesh from animals. As soon as it took effect in late August,

their texture, quality, and taste. Suppliers of these foods opt for packaging vendors that can provide attractive packaging solutions in terms of color, material, quality, and services. Industry analysts forecast the global meat, poultry, and seafood packaging Market to grow at a CAGR of 5.19% during the period 2017-2021.

companies that sell meat substitutes ﬁled suit against the law. T h e c o u n t r y 's g r e e n c o u r t h a s responded to a plea by a six-year-old boy who said a poultry farm near his school in Uttar Pradesh's Shamli has been attracting ﬂies and giving out foul smell. A National Green Tribunal or NGT bench headed by acting Chairperson Justice UD Salvi issued notices to the Uttar Pradesh government, state pollution control board, animal husbandry department, Shamli district magistrate and others on the boy's plea, asking what action has been taken against poultry farms if they were found breaking the law. The schoolboy Arjun Malik, through his legal representative, asked the NGT to ensure that its October 2017 order on closing down poultr y farms that are operating without the pollution control board's permission is enforced properly. Mr. Malik alleged the poultry farm near his school was running illegally.

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QATAR SELF-SUFFICIENT IN DAIRY AND FRESH POULTRY PRODUCTS

inister of Municipality and Environment H E Mohammed bin Abdullah Al Rumaihi said yesterday that Qatar has achieved 100 percent self-sufficiency in dairy and fresh poultr y products after unjust blockade.The production of dairy products increased from 60,000 tonnes a year before the blockade to about 220,000 tonnes this year, which is an increase of more than 265 percent,” said the Minister while speaking at a honouring ceremony held yesterday at the headquarters of the Ministry. Under the patronage of Prime Minister and Interior Minister H E Sheikh Abdullah bin Nasser bin Khalifa Al Thani, the Ministr y of Municipality and Environment honoured the owners of agricultural, livestock and fish farms, fishermen and agricultural companies in recognition of their role in achieving major breakthroughs in production during the past period. The Minister said that fresh poultry production increased from 10,000 tonnes per year to about 22,000 tonnes per year, showing an increase of 120 percent, while the production of shell eggs increased from 4,000 tonnes before the blockade to about 10,000 tonnes, reflecting an increase of more than 150 percent.The efforts to address these obstacles have caused major breakthroughs in agricultural

production in the country, where the p ro d u c t i o n of l o c a l v e g e t a b l e s increased from about 50,000 tonnes during the year before the blockade to about 65,000 tonnes after the blockade, which is an increase of 30 percent, and that the State of Qatar has achieved full self-sufficiency of dairy and fresh poultry,” said the Minister.He said that during the period following the blockade, the Qatari agricultural sector witnessed a major development due to the active support of all sectors of the state, and Qatari agricultural producers contributed to a major breakthrough in the field of agricultural production, and all the issues and constraints faced by them under the unjust blockade were overcome. Minister of Municipality and Environment H E Mohamed bin Abdullah Al Rumaihi said that a fiscal budget of QR105m has been allocated to provide support to agricultural producers in the country, under the state's direction to support agricultural producers, as these funds have been channeled to support farmers, livestock breeders and fishermen. The Minister s t re s s e d t h a t Q a t a r i s s t ro n g l y committed to the agricultural sector as the one responsible for achieving food security in the country. He noted that Amir H H Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thane's directives were to magnify the role of Qatari farms and agricultural

companies to contribute to increasing domestic production and reduce imports to enhance food security, especially under conditions of the unjust blockade imposed on the state. He said that the Prime Minister and Interior Minister has carefully m o n i t o re d t h e c o n s t r a i n t s a n d difficulties faced in increasing Qatari agricultural production, and has issued directives to overcome these constraints. The Minister added that the registered farms in the country will be supported by protected houses and agricultural production requirements, which include seeds, fer tilizers, pesticides and containers for vegetables and dates, and the distribution of honeybee cells on registered farms. He said the livestock b re e d e r s w i l l b e s u p p o r t e d b y concentrated animal feeds, supporting animal production requirements, and vaccine support for birds. With regard to support fishermen, the Minister of Municipality and Environment explained that the sector would be given refrigerators for the storage of fish and ice, stressing that the Ministry is currently preparing list of all beneficiaries in the next few years. He said that a specialized company in agricultural marketing has been e s t a b l i s h e d , w h i c h w i l l re c e i v e production from farmers and carry out the necessary marketing operations until it reaches the consumer with high quality. The Minister assured that the company would contribute effectively to raise the marketing efficiency of Qatari agricultural products and increase the profit of Qatari farms. At the end of the ceremony, Minister of Municipality and Environment, and the Assistant Undersecretary of Agriculture and Fisheries Affairs, Sheikh Dr Fallen bin Nasser Al Thane, handed over the certificates of appreciation to the d i s t i n g u i s h e d o w n e r s of f a r m s , breeders of livestock , fish-farms, fishermen and agricultural companies.

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DELHI HC BANS CHICKEN SLAUGHTER AT GHAZIPUR POULTRY MARKET, SAYS CAN SELL ONLY LIVE BIRDS

anning the slaughter of birds at the Ghazipur murga mandi, the Delhi High Court Monday asked the Delhi government's Delhi Agricultural Marketing Board (DAMB) to shut down within a week all poultry slaughterhouses running in the area without the approval of the Delhi Po l l u t i o n C o n t ro l C o m m i t te e (DPCC).However, a bench of Chief Justice Rajendra Menon and Justice V K Rao, in its interim order, said that sale of live birds will be permitted in the area. “Taking note of the circumstances and inaction of the authorities, we have no option but to direct that in the Ghazipur murga mandi, no slaughtering of birds will be permitted henceforth. Only sale of birds will be permitted, said the bench. The bench sought a compliance report by the next date of hearing, October 29. It also asked the authorities to come up with a plan to set up a designated slaughterhouse in the area, and said the interim order will remain in force till then.The bench further noted that after an inspection of the mandi on April 24, the DPCC had given its report highlighting violations. The court also took note of the PIL by animal rights activist Gauri Maulekhi, who has alleged that over 1.50 lakh poultry birds are being traded and slaughtered illegally at the mandi every day. The petition draws attention to the condition the birds are being kept in, saying they are “tied up and hung 39

upside down, de-feathered, stuffed in wire cages without sufficient food or water and slaughtered while alive.It has further claimed that waste generated as a result of the slaughter was not properly disposed it was either flushed down the drain, ending up in the rivers, or dumped in the open. On April 24, the DPCC had directed the closure of the slaughter houses operating from the DAMB premises at the mandi. “However, even after five months, slaughtering is still taking place there,” the bench noted.The counsel representing the traders at the mandi submitted that if slaughtering is banned, the birds will be sold to individual shopkeepers and the activity will take place there as well. He said the ban will affect their livelihood. The bench turned down their contention and said it cannot permit anything which is contrary to law, and that the activities are causing water pollution. “Let the traders deal with the statutory authorities, no sympathy with all these things. We are concerned with the larger issue of pollution in the area, it said. The DAMB counsel claimed that the board had asked traders to stop slaughtering activities. The court had, on August 31, also directed the DAMB to shut down all poultry slaughter houses running in Ghazipur. The court also said the DAMB cannot lay the blame on the traders. The DAMB, in its defence, contended that it had removed those butcher shops which were operating on the roadside. It added that shutting down slaughterhouses would not be a solution as the sellers will sell the meat on the streets.A senior official of the East civic body said there were plans to build a slaughterhouse for birds on four acres of government land, but claimed that the DAMB never transferred the

land and the project could not be executed.A member of the market association, Salim Ilahi, said, “There have been mistakes from both sides. Over 300 of the 500 poultry shops in the area slaughter chicken… many do not care about hygiene. Also, the Delhi government never built the slaughterhouse,it would have taken care of all these issues.A Delhi government spokesperson said, “We agree with the HC's decision; the mandi was not supposed to be for slaughtering. The slaughterhouses were running illegally.

JAPAN ABLE TO EXPORT RAW EGGS TO US FOR FIRST TIME

or the ﬁrst time, Japan's fresh eggs can be exported to the United States after a restriction on shipments was lifted on Tuesday, the farm ministry saidKyodo News reports that Tokyo has been requesting Washington to allow raw egg exports since 2004.Previously, eggs shipped to the United States were limited to those sterilised with heat, according to the Ministr y of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries.The ministry said that fresh egg exports to Hawaii and other places at a relatively short distance from Japan can now be expected.In order to be exported, eggs need to be chilled at a temperature below 7.2°C from 36 hours after being l a i d u n t i l t h e i r a r r i va l a t a U S destination, it said.In 2017, 3,891 tons of raw eggs, or 0.15 percent of domestic production, were exported for a total value of 1 billion yen ($8.9 million), with most of them destined for Hong Kong.

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NUTRIAD PRESENTING POULTRY GUT PROVIDING TOP HEALTH SOLUTIONS IN ASIA SUPPORT FOR

ith seminars in Jakarta and Bangkok , the multi day conferences focused on three segments: Flock Longevity – Pullet Nutrition; Egg Shell Quality and Egg production without AGP's. Driven by consumer preferences and changing regulations across the region, producers are looking for sustainable alternatives for AGP-s use across species. Dr Glenn Alfred S. Ferriol, Nutriad Area Manager, presented a paper entitled “No AGPs, and What About the Chicken?” and discussed the most familiar challenges in the pullet d e ve l o p m e n t a n d l a y i n g s t a g e , focusing on gut health issues and major factors that could impact the microbiome, meanwhile stressing the i m p o r t a n c e of h a v i n g a ro b u s t microbiota.The history of antibiotic usage in poultry production was also discussed, together with the potential mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, relating into the main challenge in the region of removing the use of antibiotic growth promotors (AGPs). In an interactive session Dr Ferriol provided an overview of the mode of action of the various alternatives to AGPs and the use of functional feed additives. Dr 40

F e r r i o l emphasized that even though a so called “silver bullet” does not exist, Nutriad has built and t e s t e d solutions that a l l o w producers to o p e r a t e successfully without the use of the AGPs through the smar t use of functional feed additives as part of a strategy to improve bio-security, animal m a n a g e m e n t a n d h u s ba n d r y. A detailed functional feed additive transition program was proposed via a customised consulting approach for each speciﬁc farm or feedmill operation.Following the acquisition by Adisseo, Nutriad and Adisseo shared the tried and tested line of digestive performance products which includes precision delivered butyrate in Adimix Precision® for gut support and healing process; the use of properly selected strain of probiotic in Alterion® which is effective in controlling clostridium perfringens and safe without hemolysis; and the powerful combination of a botanical extract in APEX® 5 that helps in feed intake, antioxidation, anti-bacterial, aids in digestion and has powerful capability to shut down quorum sensing in bacteria. These products certainly provide the combined companies with a unique proposition in the complete line of functional feed additives that provide alternative solutions to the use of AGPs.

THE MARKET'S BEST BIRD

roviding the best management support for the best bird in the market' was the theme of 2018's Ross® Distributor Customer Focus Team (DCFT) Meeting in Izmir, Turkey. Taking place from 9 – 14 September, this was the thirteenth meeting of the DCFT, with a total of 34 delegates attending from eight countries. Over the course of the event, contributions from a range of speakers continued the broiler breeder management theme established in previous DCFT conferences, with subjects such as nutrition, regional market conditions and the impor tance of placement plans. The veterinar y workshop on the second day of the meeting was fronted by Dr Pavel Shkarlat, veterinarian, TMEA (Turkey, Middle East & Africa). In addition, there were customer addresses by representatives from different countries, in which individuals presented the performance results for their respective Ross 308 ﬂocks. These presentations also outlined typical challenges within the region – and in response, the Ross team proposed a range of solutions designed to help growers improve future performance. The last day of the DCFT meeting included a grading workshop, which was organised by Dr Ibrahim Ibrahim, Ross technical service manager, MEA. There was also a talk from Murat Yakar, Ross technical service manager, TMEA, on establishing correct ventilation procedures. “The Ross DCFT is in its thirteenth year,” comments Rober t Haggar ty, senior technical manager, TMEA, Aviagen, “and we place a great deal of importance on this annual Ross team event, since we believe that continued support and training for distributors is the key to helping grow relationships and conﬁdence.

POULTRY PLANNER | VOL. 20 | No. 10 | OCTOBER - 2018

RECIPE / SUBSCRIPTION

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Cheddar Baked Chicken Ingredients Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ

1/4 cup butter, melted1/2 cup all-purpose ﬂour 1 teaspoon salt 1 teaspoon ground black pepper 1 teaspoon garlic powder 1 egg 1 tablespoon milk

Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ Ÿ

1 cup shredded Cheddar cheese 1/2 cup Italian seasoned bread crumbs 1 cup crispy rice cereal 3 skinless, boneless chicken breast halves - cut in half 2 tablespoons butter, melted

Directions 1. Preheat oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C). Coat a medium baking dish with 1/4 cup melted butter. 2. In a bowl, mix the ﬂour, salt, pepper, and garlic powder. In a separate bowl, beat together the egg and milk. In a third bowl, mix the cheese, bread crumbs, cereal. Dredge chicken pieces in the ﬂour mixture, dip in the egg mixture, then press in the breadcrumb mixture to coat. Arrange in the prepared baking dish. Drizzle 2 tablespoons butter evenly over chicken. 3. Bake 35 minutes in the preheated oven, or until coating is golden brown and chicken juices run clear.

(Life Time Period 10 Years)

Payment Details:

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Send DD or Cheque in favour of Pixie Consulting solutions Ltd. payable at Karnal Address: C/o OmAng Hotel, Namaste Chowk, Near Janta Petrol Pump, KARNAL - 132001 (Haryana) INDIA or Transfer money to HDFC Bank Bank address: Opp. Mahavir Dal Hospital Account Type: Current Account Name: Pixie Consulting Solutions Limited Account Number: 01958730000179 IFSC Code: HDFC0000195 | Swift Code: HDFCINBB | PAN No. AAECP6186B

Pixie Consulting Solutions Ltd. C/o OmAng Hotel, Namaste Chowk, Near Janta Petrol Pump, KARNAL - 132001 (Haryana) INDIA Email : poultry.pcsl@gmail.com | info@pixie.co.in Website : www.pixie.co.in

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