S20_IARC274_Introduction to Interior Architecture Seminar II_Technology-Driven Planning

IARC 274 Spring 2020

TECHNOLOGY -DRIVEN PLANNING Interior Architecture Seminar

Briahna Aderman Alyssa Bond Autumn Hanks Hannah Hobbs Lily Hubbard Andrew Keys Hannah Phillips Brooklyn Poff Emily Roach Olivia Robbins Margot Suchet Camryn Weekly Makayla Wood Wesley Working

SCHOOL OF INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE

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Course IARC 274 INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE SEMINAR II in Spring 2020 Students Briahna Aderman Alyssa Bond Autumn Hanks Hannah Hobbs Lily Hubbard Andrew Keys Hannah Phillips Brooklyn Poff Emily Roach Olivia Robbins Margot Suchet Camryn Weekly Makayla Wood Wesley Working Publisher/Instructor Jinoh Park Contact jpark100@utk.edu

© The copyright of all design results contained in this book belongs to each (student) designer.

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INSTRUCTOR’S NOTE

This seminar class explores what changes will be made to the public area of residential buildings with the introduction of self-driving vehicle service. By the continued trends of urbanization and walkable communities, the type of multi-family housing has recorded higher growth rates than other housing types (Badger & Ingraham, 2015; Flanagan, 2019; IBISWorld, 2014), and the sharing economy has penetrated deeper into everyday urban life as part of the urbanization (Cohen, 2016; Kim et al., 2019). According to the influence of the penetrated sharing economy, some experts claim that self-driving vehicles and ride-sharing services will replace car ownership (Leins, 2018). Optimus Ride, a technology venture that provides self-driving vehicle service, has begun offering its self-driving vehicle service to some areas; Seaport District (2017), Union Point (2018), Brooklyn Navy Yard (2019); the Optimus Ride will also enter the real estate market by providing the service as an amenity for residential and mixed-use buildings. Partnering with the Optimus Ride, Brookfield Properties, a real estate development company, announced that it is going to complete a mixed-use and

This seminar course 1) delivered a series of lectures on changes of residential building (multi-family housing typology) from 20C to the present, 2) prepared scenarios for interior elements related to the self-driving vehicle, 3) hypothesized potential changes in the public area of residential building interiors, and 4) created design proposals according to the hypothesized changes. The course focused on formulating the hypotheses and implementing design studies with the hypotheses. As a result, this book contains my students’ outcomes produced by the process above.

I hope that this seminar class will be a meaningful experience for students to continue to study and develop their designs to keep up with future changes. Many thanks to my students, reviewers, and colleagues for giving me this opportunity at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville.

Jinoh Park, Instructor

residential building in 2026 that provides the self-driving vehicle service as an amenity to its occupants. Not only the Optimus Ride but also other companies such as Ridecell’s AURO are spurring to provide similar services. Applying the self-driving vehicle service maybe not just an implementation of new technology but is going to embody urban lifestyle changes, especially in terms of the built environment; for example, the need for extra parking spaces may be changed. Also, new interior architectural elements may be developed for occupants waiting for the self-driving vehicle service.

Given the impact, this class aimed to have students study possible changes in the interior elements of residential buildings.

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CONTENTS 1.

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Instructor’s Note

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3.

2.

Aderman, Briahna 1. LEAVE FOR WORK 2. GO TO ELEVATOR 3. CHECK OUT CAR 4. GO TO ELEVATOR 5. GET RESERVED CAR 6. LEAVE BUILDING

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Contents

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Course Lecture

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6.

5.

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Hobbs, Hannah

garage for autonomous cars

key pick up

sitting area

check out area

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Bond, Alyssa

With the elimination of parking garages there will be more spaces for people to gather in nature

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Hanks, Autumn

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Hubbard, Lily

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Keys, Andrew

Residents can either wait inside for a text from the company or wait outside on the sidewalks for the call

Residents call the autonomous cars after getting ready in their homes

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The autonomous cars will wait at the edge of the sidewalks for the resident and drive them to their destination

LEAVING 1. WALK IN LOBBY 2. GO TO CAR SERVICE STATION 3. WAIT FOR CAR 4. WALK OUT TO LOADING AREA TO CAR 5. PROGRAM ADDRESS 6. BUCKLE UP

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Phillips, Hannah

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CAR SERVICE

Robbins, Olivia

1/10 Scale Each spot will be equipped with a charger as well for the vehicles.

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Wood, Makayla

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Working, Wesley

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A letter to my students

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Reference

ADDRESS

LOBBY/WAITING AREA

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2

3

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MORNING ROUTINE

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ARRIVING 1. ENTER LOADING AREA 2. COMPLETE RIDE/TRANSACTION ON APP

4. CAR LEAVES AND PARKS ITSELF

ENTRANCE

3. EXIT CAR GET READY

SHOWER

WAKE UP

LEAVE FOR CLASS

EAT BREAKFAST

NIGHT ROUTINE

COMPLETE

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48

2

Poff, Brooklyn

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GO TO SLEEP

SHOWER

LAY IN BED

DO HOMEWORK

EAT DINNER

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Suchet, Margot

FOOD TRUCK EATING/WAITING BENCHES

AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE ELEVATOR STAIR CASE CIRCULATION

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Roach, Emily

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Weekly, Camryn

No.

www.autodesk.com/revit

Description

Date

Unnamed Project number Date Drawn by Checked by

Author Checker

A102 Scale

05/04/2020 1:21:45 PM

RAMP

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COURSE LECTURE

This series of lectures is designed to help students understand current issues regarding autonomous driving technology and the changes in multi-family housing typology from 20C to the present.

Lecture #1 | Autonomous Vehicle Issue

Lecture #2 | 20C Residential Buildings 1904-1930

Lecture #3 | 20C Residential Buildings 1952-1969

- CES 2020 - Uber - Teslar - Hyundai Future Mobility Vision - Optimus Ride

- Rue Franklin Apt (1903) | Auguste Perret - Casa Milà (1912) | Antoni Gaudí - Eigen Haard housing (1921) | Michel de Klerk - Spangen Quarter Housing (1919) | Michiel Brinkman - Weissenhof Apartments (1927) | Ludwig Mies van der Rohe - Siedlung Römerstadt (1928) | Ernst May - Großsiedlung-Britz (1928) | Bruno Taut - Housing Kiefhoek (1930) | Jacobus Johannes Pieter Oud - Großsiedlung Siemensstadt (1931) | Hans Scharoun

- Unit d’Habitation (1952) | Le Corbusier - 860–880 Lake Shore Drive Apartments (1951) | Ludwig Mies van der Rohe - Neue Vahr High Rise Residential Building (1962) | Alvar Aalto - Peabody Terrace (1964) | Josep Lluís Sert - Halen Estate (Siedlung Halen) (1961) | Atelier 5 - Habitat 67 (1967) | Moshe Safdie - Penn’s Landing Square (1970) | Louis Sauer - Alexandra Road Estate (1978) | Neave Brown - Hillside Terrace (1969, 1992) | Fumi Maki

Image Source: https://www. optimusride.com/press/optimus-ride-announces-strategic-partnership-with-brookfield-properties

Image Source: https://goo.gl/ maps/vQ8FYG8deiZ8oSMr9

Image Source: https://www. flickr.com/photos/faasdant/8514084842/

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Lecture #4 | 20C-21C Residential Buildings 1982-2002

Lecture #5 | 21C Residential Buildings 2007-2019

Lecture #6 | Urbanization + Shared Economy

- Byker Wall (1982) | Ralph Erskine - Quinta da Malagueira (Malagueira Residential District) (1977-1998) | Álvaro Siza - Les Espaces d’Abraxas (1983) | Ricardo Bofill - Urban Villa at Rauchstraße (1985) | Rob Krier - Cube houses (Kubuswoningen) (1984) | Piet Blom - Rokko Housing I, II, and III (1983-1999) | Tadao Ando - Hotakubo Housing (1991) | Riken Yamamoto - Nemausus Housing (1987) | Jean Nouvel - WoZoCo (1994-1997) | MVRDV - Silodam (2002) | MVRDV

- Tietgen Dormitory (2005) | Lundgaard & Tranberg Arkitekter - Linked Hybrid (2009) | Steven Holl Architects - 8 House (2010) | BIG - The Interlace (2013) | OMA & Ole Scheeren - Markthal (2014) | MVRDV - Beirut Terraces (2017) & 56 Leonard Street (2017) | Herzog & de Meuron

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Image Source: https://www. archdaily.com/482339/ad-classics-kubuswoningen-piet-blom?ad_ medium=gallery

Image Source: https://www. archdaily.com/34302/linked-hybrid-steven-holl-architects?ad_medium=gallery

Image Source: https://blogs. ei.columbia.edu/2016/10/10/ urban-sustainability-and-the-sharing-economy/

UN Uber Ikea WeWork IBISWorld Washington Post TIME FORTUNE WeLive

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I have always been told in my life that I have a lot of patience. My philosophy is that if it’s not a dire need situation then I’m not going to cross that bridge until I get to it. One day at a time. Due to this attribute I can typically always find a way to help people. I always find the time to help others when I can. I tend to be a selfless person and I always put the thoughts and feelings of others before my own. I always strive to be a better person and really push my boundaries to broaden my horizon. This also means that I am my worst critic. I always try and stay humble though. I never try and put myself in a place where I am being cocky or having too much pride. I try to present myself as a trustworthy person. I never want anyone to feel that I am too intimidating or rude. I try and make it clear that I am here for you, anything you need. Being passionate about something is how I tend to look at my work and other things happening around me in my life. When I am passionate about my work it often leads to the best results. It lets my creativity flow, which makes for more interesting projects. It also leads to thoughtfulness in each project. I like to think and always strive to go above and beyond with everything that I do. This means perfectionism is key. Everything must be perfect always and if it’s not then it needs to be further worked on.

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How will autonomous car service change residential buildings?

Autonomous car service is something that, though hasn’t been implemented fully yet, will change the way that residential buildings will be approached in the future. It will likely change the building in various ways, such as visually, economically, socially, and in convenience.

Visually the building will likely look similar but with a few additions. First off, there will likely need to be a garage type of area to store all these autonomous vehicles. Also some kind of loading area would likely be added. Due to this new age idea it is also likely that the buildings that stem from this will also have more new age technologies. A lobby space with autonomous car requesting would likely be added, with seating areas as one waits for their vehicle if there are none available at that moment.

It is also understood that autonomous vehicles are going to change the economy associated with and within residential buildings. With autonomous driving, there is no longer a need for the residents using this feature to stop for gas. This, therefore, reduces their cost of travel. However it will likely not be a free service. It is highly reasonable to expect that there will be an additional cost added on to the rent or an additional optional fee to use the service per month. Or it is possible to have the cars charge based on miles that it needs to take the user. Within the financials of the building, there will be a maintenance fee for all of the vehicles so this will be an new cost for residential buildings that hasn’t really had to be paid before.

One can expect that the social aspects of travel will also be affected. In some ways it would be a positive affect and in others it may be detrimental. Though there isnt much social interaction when one is driving their own car, there is when someone has to call for a taxi or another car service to take them where they need to go. This whole section of social interaction is taken out completely.

However, if one travels with a friend the social aspect is still in tact. It all depends on the user and how they would prefer to use this feature.

The last main aspect of autonomous driving that will change residential buildings is the convenience of the feature. No more waiting for a long time on a text service or struggling to find a taxi.

This vehicle service would probably have a GPS system attached to each vehicle in order to show the user the status of their vehicle if none are available. It is also more convenient in the fact that the user no longer needs a car to go around town and to certain destinations. Now all they need to do is put in an address and the vehicle will navigate itself. There could possibly be a feature as well that will make the vehicle wait for you in a certain location to take you somewhere else, that way also reducing wait times for the user.

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Scenario planning Booking/Leaving 1. Walk to Lobby area 2. Go up to autonomous car booking/request station 3. Sit and wait for car to arrive.

1.

2.

3.

4. Receive notification on phone that it has arrived 5. Walk out doors to loading station.

6. Put in address of location into app linked to autonomous vehicle 7. Buckle up and enjoy the ride.

5.

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6.

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Arriving 1. Pull up to unloading area.

2. Get out and complete transaction in app.

3. Once inside you can enjoy your time.

4. Car will drive off and park in designated spot in parking garage.

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4.

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2.

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Space programming + Concept development

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Changes in Public Area Interiors of Residential Buildings Providing Self-Driving Vehicle Service Booking/Leaving 1. Walk to Lobby area 2. Go up to autonomous car booking/request station 3. Sit and wait for car to arrive.

4. Receive notification on phone that it has arrived 5. Walk out doors to loading station.

6. Put in address of location into app linked to autonomous vehicle 7. Buckle up and enjoy the ride.

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2.

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Autonomous Chauffeur Autonomous Chauffeur is an autonomous vehicle system that takes you from point A to point B, minus the hassle. No more waiting a long time on a taxi service or struggling to find a taxi. This vehicle service is easily ordered at the car request station. From there, your vehicle will be linked to an app on your phone. Once your car drives up to the loading dock, you will receive a notification and load into your vehicle. Once inside, all you have to do is put the address into the GPS system. After your use of the service, you just pay on your phone. It keeps track of miles and everything. Everything can be accessed with the slightest of ease on your phone.

What is your plan after this semester?

After this semester I plan on taking a bit of a break for the summer.

However, I have a few individual projects planned to keep me busy and to help me build on what I already know and just improve. I hope to better my past projects from the year and make them better for my portfolio. One thing that I am also planning this summer is to submit the team project final design into a competition. My partner and I plan on improving on our design from the final review and submitting the project in the coming weeks.

How was your experience building scenarios under the assumption that the autonomous vehicle service will be introduced into your residential space?

I had never really thought of autonomous vehicles much before this semester’s class. I thought it was an interesting topic and a very valid one because it is very likely that in the next 10 - 15 years, vehicles like this would be even more common. Maybe even sooner. I enjoyed thinking about how the residential space would change if autonomous vehicles were implemented, and from seeing my peers work, it made me think about a lot more things than I ever had before.

What do you think it means to build evidence for design through research?

I think building evidence for design through research means to research every possible question that could come up in your design.

Research everything to the finest detail and the more you research competitors and similar projects, the better your design will become.

What would you like to tell your instructor?

I would like to give my instructor a huge thank you! You have taught me so much this semester and I will bring it with me in the coming years and improve upon it. Every semester has its ups and downs, but you honestly made this semester one of the easiest I’ve had thus far. I appreciate everything that you have done for me, in teaching and in design development. I hope to have you again! Thank you!

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I am kind towards others, even people i don’t know. I love a good friendship with people who truly care about me. I am a trustworthy person as i will go out of my way to help others. I am always honest to the people who come into my life. I have a big imagination when it comes to things that i want to do in the future, and i’m hoping with motivation i can reach these goals.

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How will autonomous car service change residential buildings?

Autonomous driving almost seems unrealistic when I think about it but recently, I have noticed more about it mentioned online. When thinking about how it will affect housing, there are lots of things to keep in mind. Self-driving cars will mean everyone will not have to own their own because they could use an automated one. This means there will be saved spaces in houses because will not need to be a garage and 100% of the home can then become livable area. This also means the city areas will become more dense so there will be more houses per acre. This also means the cost for a ride to work or other places would go down dramatically because almost everyone would need a ride and the self-driving part means the company would not have to pay a person, and therefore, would save a salary. This is good because this means less people will have to own their own cars and people could possibly save money and the environment in the process. This could potential create more jobs in the construction business because a lot of people will want to live close to urban areas, like I mentioned earlier. This could even make rural areas more populated as well. Some people may hate a long commute but only because that is an hour spent in the car that you could be doing something more productive. Picture this though, self-driving cars would allow them to be able to do their work during this hour-long commute. Then people could feel more comfortable about living far from their job. Me having anxiety in car for a long time, this seems at a first glace as a bad idea, but what if it’s not? Since they are self-driving it would be safer because the cars could detect things that would happen and prevent many wrecks and accidents. Therefore, I would not mind using self-driving as transportation. This could also allow for the elderly population to stay in their homes longer because they would be able to take these cars to store and doctor appointments after their licenses gets taken away. This could create more jobs for people to be traveling nurses to check up on them at their own homes.

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Scenario planning

PRODUCED BY AN AUTOCAD STUDENT VERSION 9:00 I wake up to my alarm and i have to get up to turn it off. I set it across my room so that I cannot just go back to sleep.

9:05

Time to go to the bathroom and brush my teeth and wash my face

9:30

Dressed and ready to eat breakfast downstairs

9:40

Catch the Neyland Express bus to head to school 9:40-5:00

IN CLASS

5:00

Take my stuff to my room

6:00

Dinner down stairs

6:30

Homework time in my room

11:30

Bedtime

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Space programming + Concept development

9:00

I wake up to my alarm and i have to get up to turn it off. I set it across my room so that I cannot just go back to sleep.

9:05

Time to go to the bathroom and brush my teeth and wash my face

9:30

Dressed and ready to eat breakfast downstairs

9:40

Call a car to take me to class

9:40-5:30

IN CLASS

5:30

Call a car to take me home

5:45

Take my stuff to my room

6:00

Dinner down stairs

6:30

Homework time in my room

11:30 Bedtime

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Changes in Public Area Interiors of Residential Buildings Providing Self-Driving Vehicle Service

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Rural Living People are sometimes worried to live far away from their work because they would spend so much time driving that they have to wake up so early to drive an hour or more to work. With autonomous cars and not having to spend that hour paying attention to the roads, people could be working during that time. This would move more people out of the city. There is also already lots of traffic in big working cities but self-driving cars that get a move on and do not have to worry about parking will cut down traffic. This all will make big cities possibly smaller because people will not be worried about living and hour or more away.

What is your plan after this semester?

To finish up school and enjoy summer How was your experience building scenarios under the assumption that the autonomous vehicle service will be introduced into your residential space?

I enjoyed exploring how the future of my housing could be used and how my design would maybe have to be notified to help it What do you think it means to build evidence for design through research?

To be able to learn from other people’s design mistakes and things that helped their design succeed What would you like to tell your instructor?

Thank you for this semester and for letting us do what we wanted. I think it helped me explore my design thoughts better!

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Hanks Hanks, Autumn est

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With the world we live in today it is hard to find certain traits in people, so when I find these aspects in people I try my hardest to connect to them in some way because i demonstrate the same traits as them. An example of this is the fact that I am truehearted, if one gets to know me they will quickly realise that I am the type of person that cares for a person and never want to see them hurt. With this comes the fact that I am reliable and honest, standing by someone’s side through it all as a way to show that I am the type of person that has dedication. Along with this I am also the type of friend that is there whenever a friend needs and will always remember there birthday because of my organization skills and innovative ways to keep up with important fact or dates.this is how I show endearment towards a person. I am knowledgeable that I sometimes care to a fault, giving people second and tenth chances out of a sense of fairness but at some point it befores unfair to my feelings. I am not a people person however I do care for a small amount of people who I can trust. The good ones create an idea of unity and they make me feel included.

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How will autonomous car service change residential buildings?

Cities are changing as is and with cars transforming and changing everyday due to new technology the way our cities and residential buildings are built will now have to adapt to new technology of self driving cars. Autonomous cars according to an article written by https://www.washingtonpost.com/, will eliminate the need for garages, several parking lots, and free up land to build more residential homes and other buildings. These cars will not only better the production of housing but also increase the productivity of travel, based on faster transportation, less accidents and increased speed limit due to efficiency. The option of having autonomous cars has been tested in several places. In fact, “Chandler planning manager David De La Torre said the Phoenix suburb, where Waymo has tested autonomous vehicles since 2016, hopes to someday replace parking lots with more attractive options, such as open space and parks.” Based on this method being tested before I believe that autonomous cars should be embedded into large cities such as Chicago and New York City.

With autonomous cars embedded into large cities, these places can beautify their cities and create more places to encourage socialization which could ultimately better the community as a whole.

The use of these cars will eliminate the aspect of parkings lots and garages and open the door to create more nature, for example, into a city. In the article written by the Washington post it states that “This is an opportunity to make our city more beautiful by eliminating huge parking lots and doing something more aesthetically pleasing,” De La Torre said. The evolution of cars can better residential homes by expansion due to extra space, or even better its design to due the elimination of the aspect of parking or having a built in garage. “If thought out, planners say, autonomous vehicles could increase car-sharing, which would reduce traffic congestion and air pollution. Because the technology will allow these vehicles to travel closer together, they will take up less lane space.

Planners say cities could use the extra space for bike lanes and wider sidewalks, making walking and biking safer and more appealing.” The increased aspects can better residential living by adding in places of communications and social aspects that better the community.

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Scenario planning

Eliminate the need for garages, several parking lots, and free up land to build more residential homes and other buildings.

1.) Residents get ready and leave their homes.

2.) After leaving their homes they walk towards the edge of the street 3.) Here the resident gets in the autonomous car and head off to there desination With these self driving cars the roads will be smaller, cars will be able to travel faster, navigation will be more accurate, traffic will be less intense and there can be more cars on the roads at once

Beautify there cities and create more places to encourage socialization

1.) Residents get ready and leave their homes.

2.) After leaving their homes they will arrive via car to the city area 3.)Here there is more green areas, places to sit, and places to socialize With these self driving cars the roads will be smaller, allowing more space to create green spaces allowing cities to be more beautiful in comparison.

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Space programming + Concept development

Beautify the cities and create more places to encourage socialization and the idea of community

1.)Wake up, turn off alarm and get out of bed

2.)Get dressed and put on shoes from the closet

3.)Use the bathroom

4.)After leaving the bedroom, I go into the living room and open the fridge to get a water bottle

5.)Open the door and walk out, the door shutting behind me

6.) After the residents get ready they go outside and await their an autonomous car.

7.) After leaving their homes they walk towards the edge of the street where the car is waiting. Once inside the resident will state their destination, the park.

8.)After leaving their homes they will arrive via car to the city area. Here there is more green areas, places to sit, and places to socialize

9.) Here the occupant arrives quickly due to less traffic and faster car speeds. The occupant is greeted with friends in the park, that is now available due to extra space. The subtraction of garages and parking spaces allow for space to create greenery allowing cities to be more beautiful in comparison

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walking and biking safer. The increased aspects can better residential living by adding in places of communications and social aspects that inspire the communityin to immerse themselves nature.

Changes Public AreaintoInteriors of Residential

Buildings Providing Self-Driving Vehicle Service 1.)Residents get ready in their home and order autonomous cars via their phones.

2.)Once they order their cars and select a destination they then wait outside for their cars to arrive.

3.)The resident then gets in the car and heads to their destination, the park.

4.)Once at the park they are greeted by greenery and open spaces where people are socializing and talking.

1

2

3

4

With the elimination of parking garages there will be more spaces for people to gather in nature

Residents call the autonomous cars after getting ready in their homes

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A World with Autonomous Cars Cities are changing as is and with cars transforming and changing everyday due to new technology the way our cities and residential buildings are built will now have to adapt to new technology of autonomous cars. These cars will eliminate the need for garages, several parking lots, and free up land to build more residential homes and other buildings. These cars will not only better the production of housing but also increase the productivity of travel, based on faster transportation, less accidents and increased speed limit due to efficiency. With autonomous cars embedded into large cities, these places can beautify their cities and create more places to encourage socialization which could ultimately better the community as a whole. The evolution of cars can better residential homes by expansion due to extra space, or even better its design to due the elimination of the aspect of parking or having a built in garage. Planners say cities could use the extra space for bike lanes and wider sidewalks, making walking and biking safer. The increased aspects can better residential living by adding in places of communications and social aspects that inspire the community to immerse themselves into nature.

What is your plan after this semester?

My plan for after the semester are to complete a few summer classes and get ahead in a few of my general requirement classes.

Residents can either wait inside for a text from the company or wait outside on the sidewalks for the call

How was your experience building scenarios under the assumption that the autonomous vehicle service will be introduced into your residential space?

It was fun to think about how the world would adjust to this new lifestyle. I believe that these cities that would use this would increase the efficiency of transportation in the city.

What do you think it means to build evidence for design through research?

I think this means looking back old projects, researching what was successful on what could have been improved and implementing that into your design.

What would you like to tell your instructor?

Thank you so much! I really enjoyed this studio and it was probably one of my favorite studios because we not only got to do residential but we also got to express ourselves completely. I believe that as designers it is important to find your voice and learn how to incorporate it into designs, therefore I really liked this studio because it taught me how to do that. I had fun and learned a lot through the process, especially in the research portion of the project. Some of my friends also stated how thorough my research was and stated how it made my design that much better. I feel that what I have learned this semester will help me in the future getting a job in the design field, thank you.

The autonomous cars will wait at the edge of the sidewalks for the resident and drive them to their destination

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I am a number two on the enneagram and I feel as though that means I am a person who is driven by emotions. I think that is why I am always caring for others and putting their needs before my own, and I believe that makes me a very thoughtful and faithful person. I also believe that it is very important to live life purposefully and understand that things are not just given. So, I try and live life with a passion that shows who I am and what I believe in. I also strive to be a joyful person and see the glass half full. Another important aspect to me is being sincere and truthful person. I believe that you gain trust from others when it is present.

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How will autonomous car service change residential buildings?

When thinking about how far technology has come in our lifetime it’s crazy, but it’s even crazier to think that my parents did not even have cell phones growing up and here I am getting one for my eleventh birthday. Anyway, it is amazing to see what all technology can do these days, but it can also be very scary. I think the way we are going with technology could lead our society to be driven by mostly technological devices with little to no human interaction. One concept that has been mind blowing to me are the autonomous or self-driving cars. I have been amazed and also concerned about them from day one, but they are becoming more and more popular. Luckily as of now a human still has to be present in the driver’s seat while touching the stirring wheel every once in a while, but with how our technology is advancing I wouldn’t be surprised if the day comes where a human doesn’t even have to sit in the driver’s seat. On another topic with cars, people who live in cities are starting to sell cars and solely rely on ride sharing services like lift and uber. It is becoming easier, because taxis can be very expensive and also people are able to walk almost everywhere they need to go. The UN stated that by the year 2050 they believe 68% of the world’s population will live in urban areas. Which means a good percentage of those people will not have cars and they could rely on ride sharing. Because of this increase of people living in urban areas, it calls for more housing in major cities, which is normally achieved by high rise apartments or condos. With that being said, I believe that autonomous cars could help improve these residential buildings and make them more desirable for their residents. Residential buildings could charge a certain amount of money per month and have autonomous cars for residents to use whenever they need them.

The building could have a system to let customers reserve cars as well as some cars being allowed for spontaneous use. This would allow for the apartment building/condos to make a profit and the residents wouldn’t have to own a car.

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Scenario planning

MORNING ROUTINE 1.

3.

2.

8.

9.

1. WAKE UP 2. WASH FACE & BRUSH TEETH 3. MAKE BREAKFAST 4. MAKE BED 5. CHANGE CLOTHES 6. MAKE WATER BOTTLE

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4.

5.

10.

7.

6.

11.

7. LEAVE FOR WORK 8. GO TO ELEVATOR 9. CHECK OUT CAR 10. GO TO ELEVATOR 11. GET RESERVED CAR 12. LEAVE BUILDING

12.

Space programming + Concept development

MORNING ROUTINE 1.

3.

2.

8.

9.

1. WAKE UP 2. WASH FACE & BRUSH TEETH 3. MAKE BREAKFAST 4. MAKE BED 5. CHANGE CLOTHES 6. MAKE WATER BOTTLE

4.

5.

10.

7.

6.

11.

12.

7. LEAVE FOR WORK 8. GO TO ELEVATOR 9. CHECK OUT CAR 10. GO TO ELEVATOR 11. GET RESERVED CAR 12. LEAVE BUILDING

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Changes in Public Area Interiors of Residential Buildings Providing Self-Driving Vehicle Service 1.

1.

2.

2.

2.

3.

3.

3.

1. LEAVE FOR WORK 1. GO LEAVE WORK 2.

TO FOR ELEVATOR 2.

TO ELEVATOR 3. GO CHECK OUT CAR 3.

CHECK OUT CAR 4. GO TO ELEVATOR 4.

ELEVATOR 5. GO GETTO RESERVED CAR 5.

RESERVED CAR 6. GET LEAVE BUILDING 6. LEAVE BUILDING

4.

4.

4.

5.

5.

6.

6.

5.

garage for autonomous garage for autonomous cars cars

ORK OR AR OR CAR G

key pick up

keyautonomous pick up garage for cars

sitting area sitting area

key pick up check out area check out area

sitting area

check out area

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6.

dwntwn502 Cars can be very expensive to own and some people just do not like to drive. When you live in this apartment both of those worries and more are covered! When living in this apartment you can reserve an autonomous car whenever you need. You can book the car up to two weeks in advance. This covers all of those important events that you just cannot miss, but there will also be a few cars that do not need to be reserved before the actual day of use for those spontaneous adventures. When reserving the car there will be multiple different options and sizes. Checking a car out is super easy!

Just walk down to the lobby and key in your password on a tablet saying you are taking the car and the keys will be handed to you! Then walk out to the garage section for autonomous cars and the number on the keys will match the parking spot number. When arriving back to the garage park the car back where it came from and key the password in as well as hand in the keys and you are good to go!

What is your plan after this semester?

My plan after this semester is to take a break for summer and enjoy some much needed time with family and friends. I will also be preparing to come back in the fall for third year.

How was your experience building scenarios under the assumption that the autonomous vehicle service will be introduced into your residential space?

I enjoyed it, because I felt like it really challenged us to think outside of the box.

What do you think it means to build evidence for design through research?

Showing evidence is showing why you did what you did in your design.

What would you like to tell your instructor?

Thank you so much for everything you have done during this studio. It was a challenging time for the second half and you were always there to help us out and I really appreciate it!

I also loved that you integrated new programs into the studio. Thank you Jinoh!!

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Hubbard, Lily l

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Passionseeking Perseverant

Passion

Selfless

Being authentic and unapologetically yourself and being able to express yourself, leading to creativity, is very important to me. I also believe it is important to find your personal passion to create self-determination in the things you do everyday. I also believe everyone should strive to be passionate towards others, genuine, and welcoming. Along with this, do things for others in a selfless way and be intentional with the things you do. And lastly, honesty is very important to maintain relationships and to have a guilt free conscious.

30

How will autonomous car service change residential buildings?

The further development of autonomous cars will greatly impact not only residential building design but also commercial designs and city plans. For starters, the use of space will be reduced if these cars become 100% self driving due to every resident not owning a car. Parking garages will not need a spot for each resident to own a car because there will be specified spots for cars available for use. In a study found in “Smart Cities Dive” author Jakie Snow states, “ Parking could be even more efficient, and one study notes that 30% of the traffic in the central business districts of San Francisco and Los Angeles traffic is due to drivers looking for parking spaces.” This points to the fact that with self driving cars, they will be programmed to return to open spots and hubs for pickup and will be most likely carrying passengers around constantly throughout the day so there will be an exponential decrease in traffic and space needed for parking. Studies also show that the efficiency of cars on the interstate will increase because there will be a decrease in wrecks and non consistent drivers. This means that with the reduction of parking and road expansion, we can use this space for parks, residential buildings, and more. I think the biggest factor of change beyond residential design will be city plans. City plans include the placement of residential buildings which would be a variable but also less roads, parking lots, and charging hubs will alter it also. After research about the needs of the autonomous cars I have realized that streets will need a lot of renovation before self driving cars can be implemented worldwide. The cars work most effectively when the lines on the roads are bright and there are distinct flows of traffic. This can be strengthened through detailed GPS but also there is a problem with smaller back roads. Once these problems are assessed, which can take an extensive amount of time, the transition will be slow because of the circulation of manual cars out of the system and self driving cars being integrated. At first the use of space might possibly be increased because manual cars will still need space and in addition automatic cars will need space. On the residential design in more detail, the structure of the buildings will differ.

Apartments buildings may include a charging hub under the building instead of a parking garage.

Since neighborhoods and houses will also need access to this transportation, they might also be located around a centralized hub for convenience purposes. I believe the concept of autonomous cars is very intelligent but still needs further exploration before being integrated into society. I also believe that this can increase the efficiency of cities but also hurt smaller towns or less fortunate areas since the demand for gas will decrease and so the prices will skyrocket which will be unfortunate for those without access to the self driving transportation. I conclude that the pros weigh out the cons for the future of cars but many precautions will need to take place. Although residential buildings, commercial, city plans, and more will be affected, the positive outcomes override the trying efforts it will take to slowly reach the goal of a non manual transportation world.

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Scenario planning

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Space programming + Concept development

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Changes in Public Area Interiors of Residential Buildings Providing Self-Driving Vehicle Service

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THE HUB Autonomous vehicles will improve the traffic flow of roads and highways, especially in larger cities.

Parking lots will no longer be congested and pedestrians will not have to spend time looking for a spot which could be frustrating. People will also not have to worry about door dings, accidents, paying car insurance, and car payments. The pedestrian will now simply have to walk to the nearest Hub or the Hub connected to most buildings, and their ride will be awaiting them. There will be modern and simple waiting areas and desks with charging stations so one can continue their work. Upon entering the Hub they will request a ride and put the location and payment information into either a Smart Tablet or tell a conseir. Their ride will be ready as soon as possible and they can work and relax while they wait. Pedestrians can also work while in the vehicle or relax in a reclined chair. This will allow more places for green space and buildings and decrease the amount of casualties. Instead of paying for a car and car insurance one can simply pay per ride or monthly for unlimited use. In conclusion society will benefit greatly from this implementation.

What is your plan after this semester?

To continue into my third year classes and prepare in the summer.

How was your experience building scenarios under the assumption that the autonomous vehicle service will be introduced into your residential space?

I enjoyed it but I wish it was more integrated into the studio portion rather than the lecture portion What do you think it means to build evidence for design through research?

Show the reasoning behind the design and the credibility of your design to strength the concepts.

What would you like to tell your instructor?

Thank you for the opportunities you gave us this semester in design. I really appreciate your different style of teaching and hope to stay in contact. I enjoyed this project a lot and the results of the studio. Thank you so much Jinoh!

35

Keys, Andrew lfle s En s co ur ag Se ful ht ug Th o

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Being respectful and having integrity are two things that I will go out of my way to do. I strive for excellence in everything I accomplish. I am very passionate about what I believe and I put that into action. I do my best to be as encouraging as possible to those around me. I desire to be generous and having patience for others. I am very responsible and reliable. I desire to be attentive to every small detail so I can achieve excellence.

36

How will autonomous car service change residential buildings?

Self-driving and Autonomous vehicle systems can have many beneficial outcomes and many hindering outcomes when being implemented into society and into residential life. It can be beneficial for many different people groups, such as elderly people, people with disabilities that keep them from driving, and for people who have long commutes to take every day. It can also bring another source of revenue for people who own a self-driving car.

Autonomous vehicles would be a very helpful tool in residential communities, specifically for elderly and / or disabled people. This feature would eliminate the need to hire a caregiver that drives the patient around. It also gives these people the ability to do more than they originally were able to, meaning they do not have to limited to their place of residency. This would allow for a living community with these residents, to save money for helping the residents with other aspects of their lives.

If self-driving cars are implemented into residential communities as an amenity, then that would eliminate the need for a resident to have a car of their own. They could pay an extra fee to have this included in their life. A way that it could be shared is if there are a certain number of these vehicles in the community that run a route continuously to accommodate everyone’s schedule and transportation needs. This feature, if it was included for all the people at a living community, would eliminate the need for so much space being occupied by parking lots, which would then open up more land to build more living spaces on, thus increasing revenue for the owners of the residency.

Building off of the topic of increasing revenue, if someone were to own their own autonomous car, they could rent it out to be used as an Uber, a Lyft or any other means of taxi service. This would create more revenue for that person, and it would eliminate the number of cars that other people own, if a large number of people did this. One thing that people who own one of the vehicles would be the elimination of personalization in their car. If someone is renting out their autonomous car to be used as a taxi service, then they would need to have a way to accommodate everyone’s needs for the vehicle. For instance, if I were to use my autonomous car as an Uber while I am elsewhere, not using it, then it would need to be a vehicle that was universally designed to accommodate the needs of someone who is disabled and needed to get form one place to the next without having to deal with any personalization that I any have built in to my autonomous vehicle.

So far, in the autonomous car industry, the interior design of the cars has become like an extension of the home. The designs have included beds, lounge chairs that recline in the car, desks with lamps, and ways to occupy one’s self on video games or other means of entertainment. This brings up the question of how different these vehicles would end up being compared to a camper or mobile home. It could be foreseen that these vehicles could altogether eliminate the need for a home for some populations.

Overall, I think that the implementation of autonomous cars would be most beneficial in society as a service to people, rather than a large amount of the population owning their own self-driving car. There could be different services of the autonomous car that could accommodate the needs of every person in every situation. For instance, there could be an autonomous car service that only deals with costumers who need to travel over long distances. This would most likely be a car that has a sleeping and lounging accommodations in order to eliminate the amount of stopping over the trip. There are many foreseeable problems that would arise with this technology, but it would be a means of transportation that is extremely beneficial to a community.

Sources: https://www.verizonconnect.com/resources/article/autonomous-vehicles-shared-economy-benefits/ https://www.ces.tech/Topics/Automotive/Self-Driving-Cars.aspx

37

Scenario planning

38

Space programming + Concept development

39

Changes in Public Area Interiors of Residential Buildings Providing Self-Driving Vehicle Service

40

E-Z Travel E-Z Travel is a way for the elders of your family, those who are living in an assisted living community, who are unable to drive. This autonomous car program allows them to be able to leave their living communities and visit loved ones or go out to accomplish everyday tasks they once enjoyed. While waiting on the self-driving vehicle to arrive, residents are welcome to enjoy the wait by doing puzzles, playing cards with staff and other residents, or they could just sit and enjoy the peaceful space while reading. When the vehicle arrives the nurse will make sure that everything is ready for the resident’s commute. Then the nurse will help the resident into the vehicle (if needed) and accompany them on their journey (if needed). Now that the self-driving car program has been implemented into this living community, the residents will not have to worry about getting from place to place or going to see family. I provides peace of mind for the family and the resident. It also provides an easier way for elders to get out and about once more.

What is your plan after this semester?

After this semester I plan to update my projects and other work for my portfolio and then rest. I plan to do a lot of side projects during the break so that I have more to add to my portfolio as well.

How was your experience building scenarios under the assumption that the autonomous vehicle service will be introduced into your residential space?

It was very interesting and intriguing to learn about and consider. The scenarios were also interesting to to come up with and dig into how the self-driving car program could be used in a community.

What do you think it means to build evidence for design through research?

It means to prove why things are how you designed them. To back up and give a reason to the question of “why not this or this?� It justifies the design.

What would you like to tell your instructor?

I would like to say thank you for being patient with my limited knowledge in the field of design and thank you for guiding me to research and learn new things.

Thank you for challenging me to accomplish my ideas and for providing me with new knowledge on software for design and precedents to study and more. I really enjoyed being in your studio class and I enjoyed being pushed to do new and different things. I am very grateful to have been your student and for the great things I have learned from you.l I look forward to working with you more in the future!

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I would like to consider myself to be a pretty productive person. I think that with a lot of different situations i consider the organization and the thought that went into the situation more so than anything. Integrity is something that I really value. It is important to me to always be honest and sincere as well as appreciating the people that are teaching and helping me along the way to achieve my goals. As a young girl I was taught to always be caring and giving towards others because not everyone is going to have the same blessings and opportunities as me. I try to be helpful towards other because I know that i would appreciate help if I were to need it as well. I sometimes feel obligated to make everything perfect and get overwhelmed and stressed out when things aren’t the way that I want them to be or what I intended them to be. I like to make things more funny and less serious and show affection to those who are important to me.

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How will autonomous car service change residential buildings?

Autonomous driving can change the design of residential buildings now and in the close future. Right now, many people choose their housing based on the location and what the travel will be like to and from work. With autonomous driving, there would no longer be the issue of having to find your own parking and things of the nature since the car would be driving itself.

Buildings will be designed with areas for the autonomous cars to be parked and that area will be for those cars only. “Some architectural companies are already preparing for the obsolescence of the parking garage. Andy Cohen, Co-CEO of Gensler, one of the world’s leading architectural firms, says parking structures that are traditionally built with slanted floors. His firm is already dealing with adapting parking requirements for a future of self-driving cars. Today, they are starting to build garages with horizontal floors and an exterior, rather than interior ramp, so the structures can be more easily converted from a parking deck to a traditional office space.”

(Findling, 2017). Another change in design could be the reduction of gas stations. Autonomous cars are electric and therefore have to be charged, so gas stations would not be necessary. They would be transformed into spots where people could take their cars to get charged. This could potentially be in the same space as the garages, so it would kill two birds with one stone. (Saving space & charging the vehicle) I think about how differently our lives would be with autonomous cars. We would no longer have to worry about driving ourselves, there would always be a dedicated driver. There is also the idea that houses would no longer have to be designed with the idea of garages or areas designated for parking because autonomous taxis and Ubers would be taking over. People wouldn’t see the point in having their own personal ways of transportation anymore if these existed. This allows for houses to be designed at a larger scale and people who are buying a home will be buying a home where 100% of the square footage is accessible to them & not partially used for vehicles. There would even be new areas of housing created with the demolition of parking garages, gas stations, and auto dealerships. We are very used to our style of living that we are living in now. However, we need to begin to understand that the world and technology is advancing at a very rapid pace and that AV’s are going to be the new means of transportation for most people.

https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/lu/Documents/realestate/reflexions/lu_sharedselfdriving-cars-real-estate.pdf https://www.cnbc.com/2017/05/02/how-self-driving-cars-will-change-real-estate.html https://www.businessinsider.com/self-driving-cars-effect-on-housing-market-2017-9

43

Scenario planning

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Changes in Public Area Interiors of Residential Buildings Providing Self-Driving Vehicle Service

1/10 Scale Each spot will be equipped with a charger as well for the vehicles.

46

1794 APARTMENTS GARAGE This garage is located in the ground floor of my site. (1794 Apartments) The goal of this garage is to be able to be an area where people can wait for their drivers/cars in the lobby while the drivers park in the designated spots (assigned to the resident in the application). Each spot will have a specified code or number that residents can use to identify their driver and/or car. I thought it was much more functional for residents to be getting dropped off in their complex, rather than on the side of the street for security purposes and that way cars can charge while overnight or while drivers are waiting on their residents. This way residents can simply take the elevator straight down to the garage to either pick up their own charged autonomous vehicle or wait on their driver.

What is your plan after this semester?

After this semester, I plan to continue working towards my degree and have an internship in the field.

How was your experience building scenarios under the assumption that the autonomous vehicle service will be introduced into your residential space?

I chose my site based on the idea that a garage would be under the complex. This garage could allow for autonomous vehicles to be stored and as a charging area for these vehicles.

LOBBY/WAITING AREA

What do you think it means to build evidence for design through research?

Evidence for design through research is important in designing for an intended audience. It allows the designer to see what the needs and wants are for clients, as well as how they are best achieved.

ENTRANCE

What would you like to tell your instructor?

Thank you for a great semester and allowing us to explore at our on pace and free will. You taught us so much about evidence based design and how to design not only for our own lifestyles but others’ as well.

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I always do my best to be intentional in my words and actions, because that is what makes a consistent person that anyone can rely on. One of my main life goals is to be purposeful and make a difference in the world. I pride myself on my ambition and being determined because this is how I accomplish my goals and set new ones, I refuse to settle and being my best self always. My parents instilled in me from an early age to be humble; I know that I am very blessed in a million different ways and I remind myself of that fact every day. My best quality that I possess would be empathy, because I truly care for others and have a compassionate heart. I love to give back to my community, participating in service work and overall having an altruistic and selfless outlook on life because I have been so impacted by giving to others whenever I can. I describe myself as a visionary, because I have a glass half full attitude and believe that everything has the opportunity to be better.

48

How will autonomous car service change residential buildings?

The autonomous car service will greatly decrease the need for massive parking structures, and instead call for more flexible parking garages. This is because autonomous car service has and will continue to make a splash into the shared economy, as companies like Uber and Lyft are already thriving, and the introduction of self-driving cars will only help to skyrocket this sector of the shared economy. This is in part to millennials and Gen Z adapting to a life where technology is not only integrated within the daily fabric of life, but a necessity to operate and be successful. The market for taxis, cabs, and rental cars have stagnated, leaving room for ridesharing to become dominant within the market. In addition to this, studies have shown that carsharing as well as ridesharing are typically less expensive than actually renting a car or owning one. This will lead to fewer people requiring a car to get to and from places, therefore effectively emptying parking lots and garages everywhere.

Commuter traffic within cities will improve drastically with self-driving vehicles because it takes human error out of the equation and will eliminate manmade traffic from accidents, not going the speed limit, and more. The idea of multifunctional architecture is certainly not a new typology but applying this concept to a parking garage or lot is a new concept. I think that this can be best applied to apartment buildings that have a lot of parking, where it can be transformed into something else. For example, it can be used as parking, but also for food trucks to have a place to sell their food in a great location because obviously apartment buildings are full of potential customers.

This will also help alleviate pedestrian traffic and vehicular traffic that food trucks can induce when parked on the actual road. This eliminates them from the city traffic equation and creates a space where their service is more concentrated. The new multiuse parking garage can also be used for farmers markets, pop up retail shops, and bike sharing (a similar phenomenon to ridesharing, except with bicycles instead). Overall, autonomous vehicles will impact residential architecture the most through the lens parking garages/lots, which will lead to its residents using their built environment in a different context than how it currently is used.

49

Scenario planning

1. Person walks from lobby space to the parking lot/garage 2. Person interacts with food truck/farmers market 3. Person interacts with other people 4. Person is then picked up by autonomous vehicle

1. People use autonomous vehicle to go to parking lot/garage 2. People socialize 3. People shop the farmer’s market/food truck space 4. People use autonomous vehicle to go home

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Space programming + Concept development

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Changes in Public Area Interiors of Residential Buildings Providing Self-Driving Vehicle Service 1. Person walks from lobby space to the parking garage.

2. Person buys food at food truck or shops at farmer’s market.

3. Person interacts with other people and enjoys the commercial areas.

4. Person walks to autonomous vehicle storage to start their ride.

EATING/WAITING BENCHES

STAIR CASE CIRCULATION

RAMP

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Moving towards the future, autonomous vehicles are going to become ingrained into our society. This leaves an interesting predicament for large parking garages. With less people beginning to own cars, the question arises: what do we do with parking garages. To this, the solution proposal of turning the garages into mixed used public spaces. Mixing commercial and public space provides a dynamic atmosphere and a way to reconcile the garage back into use. Food trucks provide a source of commerce while also proving to be a more flexible option because there is a constant influx of new/different food trucks on any given day. The autonomous vehicles are housed in a “car elevator� (similar to the Carvana vending machine� to keep the program compact and allow for ample commerce space.

What is your plan after this semester?

Use my summer to explore some of my interests such as graphic design and refine my skills in interior architecture to prepare for my third year

FOOD TRUCK

AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE ELEVATOR

How was your experience building scenarios under the assumption that the autonomous vehicle service will be introduced into your residential space?

It was really interesting to begin thinking about the autonomous vehicle because it will soon become a staple in society and there must be well designed spaces to accomodate for it What do you think it means to build evidence for design through research?

In order to create a space that its users deem successful, researching the demographic, site, and other contextual evidence is the key stage in the design process What would you like to tell your instructor?

I would like to thank Jinoh for pushing me past my limits and opening my mind to so many different design solutions. I now feel that I have a completely different design thought process and I am very grateful that he was able to foster that in me.

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Roach, Emily fort

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Within my design process, I strive for comfort. I try to be mindful of the many different people inhabiting a space while I’m designing so that everyone can feel welcomed. With my projects, I am devoted to achieving a sense of purity through the use of my creative process. I am a very visual person and by seeing different styles and schemes, I can imagine a space that is cumulative of elements that are important to me and that would make me feel comfortable. My integrity also reveals itself within my process; efficiency and creative skill are characteristics that are very important to me. I kind of just let my imagination run wild. I want to accomplish a deeper stronger sense of trust between my abilities and what I am able to produce, though. I know that I must improve and escalate my abilities to truly prevail and accomplish my design goals.

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How will autonomous car service change residential buildings?

The future of transportation technology is expanding before our very eyes. We live in a society where we have any information we could possibly want at our beck and call. This could also be true about the sudden rise of autonomous cars. I hypothesize that many factors of our lifestyles, including our living spaces, will be adjusted to fit self-driving transportation into our daily schedules.

Firstly, I believe that residential buildings will adapt in circulation to adhere to autonomous transportation. Buildings could possibly have drop off spots for people to carry in their groceries or keep them out of the rain, then the car could go park itself. This leads to another new idea: having parking garages horizontal instead of slanted. Like, cars stacked on each other in their own units, creating a more dynamic using of parking garage space. This development would be very convenient and simple for the everyday person.

I also believe that the introduction of autonomous cars into our society would have a massive impact on time. Time spent in traffic, searching for parking, accidents and misunderstandings would essentially be eliminated. Having all this excess time would lead to more productivity and less stress in one’s life. This time could be used in outdoor/recreational areas, meaning residential buildings would have to accommodate their clientele’s wants. This could make residential buildings places that are used for more than just sleeping and eating; more activities could be inducted into the building like rock climbing walls in the gyms or larger outdoor spaces for people to congregate.

However, negative problems could arise due to the new way of transportation. Because autonomous cars are self-sustaining, this will have a large impact on the transportation industry. Truck drivers, Uber and other taxi services, and even delivery services will all be affected due to cars not needing holidays, breaks, and wages. Not to mention, these cars will never break concentration which is a factor in accidents caused by people working in such industries. This could also lead to people losing their jobs at gas stations due to the cars being electric. This loss of job opportunities means that people would probably not be willing to live residentially if they cannot afford it. Going along with this, I believe residential living prices would become higher because of the changes to come with new technologies. Like I stated above about the parking garage situation, this would require those who lived there to pay more money for such an amenity.

I think that new transportation technology such as autonomous cars would be very good economically and for personal use. There would essentially be pricing drawbacks, but conceptually, having these cars would allow for new opportunities in someone’s everyday life. Especially in residential living, where a working-class citizen could use every feature of the car to their advantage.

Citations: https://www.robotshop.com/community/blog/show/how-self-driving-cars-will-change-the-worldas-we-know-it https://www.cnbc.com/2017/05/02/how-self-driving-cars-will-change-real-estate.html

55

Scenario planning

PROJECT TITLE

LOCATION

NOTE

meCar

1. Wake up 2. Bathroom routine 3. Get dressed 4.Make breakfast 5. Leave apartment 6. Call the car to come to the pick up/drop off area 7. Car pulls up and I get in 8. The car drives me to my location

DRAWING BY DATE SCALE

DRAWING TITLE

DRAWING NO

SHEET NO

56

Space programming + Concept development

PROJECT

LOCATION

meCar

NOTE

1. Wake up 2. Bathroom routine 3. Get dressed 4.Make breakfast 5. Leave apartment 6. Call the car to come to the pick up/drop off area 7. Car leaves stacked parking garage

DRAWING

8. Car picks me up at drop off/ pick up area

DATE SCALE

DRAWING

9. Car drives me to destination

DRAWING

SHEET N

57

Changes in Public Area Interiors of Residential Buildings Providing Self-Driving Vehicle Service

58

The Dividual Autonomous vehicles are on the rise and will become an everyday staple of our future lives someday.

Because of this, we have to adapt our residencies in order to coexist with these autonomous vehicles.

For the apartment complex I designed, The Dividual, I based the space concept off of individual living standards that focused on accessibility and affordability. With these aspects in mind, I created a way in which busy individuals can view transportation with ease. It is accessible in the way that the car comes to you just by summoning it within an app and affordable because the app would be free to all users. The concept of was just simply to make it easier for residents to live their busy lives. The app would work within minutes by the user requesting the car to their location, which would be a lobby area, located at the front of the building with a carport that allows your car to pull up. Once your car leaves its place in the stacked parking garage located within the building, it will meet you at the lobby space and drive you to your destination. This creates a simple routine best for the residents.

What is your plan after this semester?

I plan on continuing my education in design courses over these next few years at UTK. I want to keep researching and finding new things about the programs we use.

How was your experience building scenarios under the assumption that the autonomous vehicle service will be introduced into your residential space?

I think it was an interesting concept to actually think about something that one day will be a big part of our lives. Creating these spaces for autonomous vehicles shows how we will have to adapt and overcome these future obstacles.

What do you think it means to build evidence for design through research?

I think it means to build a steady foundation of knowledge upon your project. If you’re designing a building in a certain space without researching certain factors first, it will likely fail.

What would you like to tell your instructor?

Thank you Jinoh for all your hard work and patience with us! And also thank you for giving us the creative freedom to design whatever we want. I have learned many useful skills that I will carry with me into the rest of my career as a designer. Thank you so much!

59

Robbins, Olivia ble

ia Rel

Lov in

g

th y

ne

ionist

Perfec t

Tru

stw or

Ge

s

lou

te na

Loyal

icu

ro u

s

t Me o ssi Pa

Passionate Idealist

Pe r

Creative

se ve ra n

ce

en riv

D Original ideas

I consider myself to be a very reliable and generous person. I am loving to my friends because i am very trustworthy and a very good friend. I try to be kind to every person that i meet because it is very important to be kind. In school, i am very driven to do well in class and make good grades.

I persevere through the hard times because school is important. I love being creative. Creativity is what drives me to do well in school. Being reliable is important because it allows people to trust you very easily.

60

How will autonomous car service change residential buildings?

With the development of autonomous self-serving vehicles, I believe that there will be a lot of changes to residential buildings. After doing research, I have found multiple effects on residential housing that will come from autonomous cars. Firstly, the introduction of autonomous cars will help reduce rent in multi family homes and apartment buildings because something that drives up the cost of rent is the required amount of parking spaces for these places. The extra land acquisition that is needed to meet the parking spot quota costs renters a lot of extra money. Having autonomous cars will decrease this rent level for a lot of people. Another thing that would result from automated cars is the distance from work that a person is willing to live. Today, people choose to live close to work because if their commute time is too long, they will not have as much time to get ready or do other work because they will be focused on driving. If we had autonomous cars, people would be willing to live further away because on their commute they could do things like sleep, finish their work, or get ready because they would not have to worry about driving. This is important because it would reduce the population density in cities and move people out towards the suburbs because they are willing to live further away. This would also improve people’s quality of life because most people would choose to live in a more quiet and less populated place rather than a busy loud city. Another thing that the use of autonomous cars could help is that there will be less jobs in the transportation industry, which will cause people to look for new jobs in an industry such as construction. There is a shortage of workers for the construction force and having more laborers would increase the production of residential and commercial buildings. The production of automated cars could also affect the design of homes and the cost of homes. Cars also cost a lot of money, so subtracting this cost from your budget would allow people to spend more money on their homes or other goods. The use of automated cars would make houses have more interior space that doesn’t have to be used for a garage. It would also make less space needed for in home workspaces, because people could work in their cars more often.

61

Suchet, Margot d

nde

mi en-

ne Em

Ki

ration e Consid

ce

Resilie n

Empathetically Stubborn Individual

ard rw

tfo

igh

pa th y

nd

ra St

re ce Sin

ss

Op

Dir ect

Purpose

M

ea

ni

ng

n

d

si

fu

l Objective

n Co

io at r e

Finding purpose through work is difficult to do, but over the years, I have gained experience and understanding of what skills are necessary to lead a purposeful life. Leading a purposeful life begins with kindness. Kindness to others is a gateway to empathy because when one treats others with kindness, one can begin to understand that everyone leads life with different perspectives.

With this understanding, someone, like myself, can not only bring directness in conversation through knowledge, but also open-minded ideas about different kinds of people to design work.

Empathetic knowledge can easily guide the way to obsessive work. When one truly understand what the purpose is behind a project, one can spend more time making little, but important decisions. Having respect towards one’s own work is an important aspect of finding purpose to design.

Respect comes from being confidence in decision making skills, therefore having a higher understanding of one’s own work.

66

How will autonomous car service change residential buildings? change that comes with autonomous transportation will be how the population gets from one place to another, but the things we don’t consider is how this change will impact architecture. Human interaction is the epitome of how architecture is shaped and changing that definition will be substantial in changing the essence of structure.

The first thing that could change with the presence of autonomous driving is the other uses of transportation such as private taxi companies and public buses. Over time, autonomous driving will allow those who can’t afford cars to travel with more ease and convenience than the forms of transportation that are available now.

With the change of autonomous driving comes change in architecture. A large portion of residential homes are dedicated to parking such as a driveway and with some homes, and a garage. In the future, I can see homes being built either closer together or built with more livable square footage. Not only will driveways and garages become obsolete, but roads will become less wide, therefore making more room for residential homes. Autonomous driving eliminates the need for two lane driving, possibly wide highways, and shoulders. With this change comes the change of how homes are oriented towards streets.

67

Scenario planning

1. get ready for day 2. use app to order car 3. wait for car/continue getting ready 4. walk outside to street when car has arrived

1. get ready to leave work 2. use app to order car 3. wait for car/continue working 4. walk outside to street when car has arrived

68

Space programming + Concept development

69

Changes in Public Area Interiors of Residential Buildings Providing Self-Driving Vehicle Service

70

Lobby Space for The Roost In a world that’s being taken over by technology, we must adapt rather than fight, which is why The Roost will have a lobby space for an autonomous driving service. This autonomous driving space has The Roost’s ideology in mind; thinking of its residents who don’t own cars. The lobby uses space that other apartment complexes might use for parking, but The Roost utilizes this space with the future in mind. Environmental concerns are the biggest factor when considering this vehicle service for many users.

What is your plan after this semester?

I’ll be trying to find a job in Nashville this summer and returning to school in the fall.

How was your experience building scenarios under the assumption that the autonomous vehicle service will be introduced into your residential space?

I didn’t really like the assignment because I felt as though we didn’t do enough research on how technologies affect the home. I would have liked to incorporate this design concept into our residential spaces for our final project.

What do you think it means to build evidence for design through research?

It means being able to backup decisions made for a project through research you’ve done before hand. Thinking about each element in ones designs specific purpose.

What would you like to tell your instructor?

Thank you for giving your full attention to your students and projects. We can really tell the amount of time you put into our class and we really appreciate it. Thank you.

71

Weekly, Camryn hy

pat

Em

Tru st

Re s

pe

ct

St re

cy

y

ilit

ce

Kindn

Sacrifi

ess

ten sis

ng

th

n Co ab St

Evolving Friend

Conviction

Co n

fid

y

lit

i ab

nt

en

ce Honesty

u co c A

Existing and working within the field of interior design requires me to meet strict deadlines in a consistent manner. It is important that I take my time with this, but I also should not rush to complete tasks in a last minute fashion. This requires sacrificing some of my personal time for the sake of honesty and consistency. Reworking my natural inclinations is a feat of strength, but I’m slowly getting there. It is vital that one looks back at their accomplishments and gives themselves credit.

You must be kind with yourself and others. Not everyone is in the same position, and the field of interior design requires great empathy, but it is important to hold yourself and others accountable in group settings. I constantly remind myself of these things.

72

How will autonomous car service change residential buildings?

Although many are frightened by the prospect of autonomous vehicles, Silicon Valley and other tech giants persist in their support. The technology behind self-driving cars has made significant progress since its inception. Some unmanned transportation options already exist, such as automated trains in Singapore and Vancouver. Many people believe that implementing autonomous vehicles will revolutionize the world; implementing self-driving cars will allow the general public to rely more heavily on public transportation, and with fewer people on the road and less land area dedicated to parking, more shared green space will be made available. Urban planners will have to rethink the urban fabric of the world.

At this point in time, it seems that autonomous vehicles are only available to those with exorbitant amounts of money; the only non-corporate entities that are able to access this expensive technologies are those who can afford high end vehicle models like Tesla and their “Autopilot� feature, although this feature is not completely autonomous. Recently, it was reported that a driver had been seen in his Model S asleep at the wheel while utilizing the autopilot feature. The breaking of this story sparked outrage nationwide, as a Tesla vehicle using Autopilot was involved in a fiery crash not even a month before. The feature is undeniably useful, but this sparks the question of whether or not people will continue to abuse the feature in similar ways once the vehicle does become completely autonomous.

As technology becomes more accessible to the rest of the general public, the structure of our cities will be forced to evolve. A lower reliance on independent driving will hopefully lead to fewer vehicular casualties; as more people gravitate towards inexpensive public transport, the rate of individual car ownership will decrease, and traffic will be less congested. A decrease in overall traffic will shrink the need for broad roads, leaving more space for society to flourish.

Inner city areas can use the new abundance of space for more retail or public space, improving cities as a whole and possibly boosting the economy. Currently, a huge amount of money is invested into new, autonomous vehicles; this investment will pay off significantly as the popularity of autonomous vehicles skyrockets.

The environment will also thrive from the implementation of autonomous vehicles.

Because fewer cars will be on the road, less petroleum will be recovered, refined, and burned, leading to a healthier Earth. With emissions and air pollution on the decline, those who live and work in densely populated areas will lead healthier lives. Additionally, as crash rates decrease, less energy and time will have to be spent on vehicle repair.

Overall, the utilization of autonomous vehicles will improve nearly every aspect of daily life. Commutes will be more efficient, travel will be cheaper, the levels of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere will decrease, mankind will be able to enjoy nature, and the economy will thrive.

The main obstacle that self-driving cars encounter is push back from those who fear the safety of the technology.

73

Scenario planning

1. Leave home 2. Walk to bus stop 3. Board autonomous bus 4. Make it to work

1

2

3

4

1. Single tree is able to survive 2. More trees thrive in same space

1

74

2

Space programming + Concept development

RESIDENTIAL SPACE [IN APARTMENT BUILDING]

LOBBY

[IN APARTMENT BUILDING]

BUS STOP [IN LOBBY]

BUS STOP [AT WORK]

75

Changes in Public Area Interiors of Residential Buildings Providing Self-Driving Vehicle Service 1. Leave home 2. Walk to bus stop 3. Board autonomous bus 4. Make it to work

RESIDENTIAL SPACE [IN APARTMENT BUILDING]

1

2

3

LOBBY

4

[IN APARTMENT BUILDING]

1. Single tree is able to survive 2. More trees thrive in same space

BUS STOP [IN LOBBY]

BUS STOP [AT WORK]

1

2

76

No.

Description

Date

Unnam

Some of the most important benefits arising from the implementation of autonomous vehicles are environmental. By inserting a shuttle service into the lobbies of large, high density apartments, those living there have an alternative work commute option. A decreasing percentage of personal vehicles will drive down emission levels and benefit the environment. Users of this service will enter the lobby of their respective apartment building, move to the designated waiting area, and await bus pick up.

Placing a bus or shuttle loading area across from the lobby’s main entrance avoids excessive congestion and allows users to pick the best personal option for them.

What is your plan after this semester?

I plan on looking for an internship in my hometown and improving my skills in revit and autocad.

How was your experience building scenarios under the assumption that the autonomous vehicle service will be introduced into your residential space?

The inclusion of autonomous vehicles allowed me to disregard including a parking area in my project.

What do you think it means to build evidence for design through research?

Building your design through research makes your project outcome much more strong, protecting it from criticism.

What would you like to tell your instructor? <3 thank you for doing your best this semester

77 :45 PM

med

[low impact living]

Wood Wood, Makayla ss

e fuln

ght

fuln

ess

ity Cr ea tiv

cy

ten sis

Ki

rcy

n Co

nd

ne

Me

ss

th Fai

Tho u

Bold

Grace

Devoted

Love

Re s

e

m co r ve

pe

ct Selflessness

O

I believe love and respect are the most important things when it comes to your encounter with someone. Love is the foundation of all things, all the words chosen. If you donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have love then you donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have kindness, thoughtfulness, mercy, friendship and the list goes on. Consistency is the foundation of friendship, pursuing that relationship day in and day out. I believe being creative is beautiful, a way to express yourself at your best.

78

How will autonomous car service change residential buildings?

The world is changing at a rapid pace. Autonomous car driving will reduce the amount of space in the living environment and if they become self driving it could be a lifestyle for a is extremely popular when retirement or when couples downsize after children leave home. This would become an extremely popular way to live if this advancement became successful. In a Washington Post article explains how autonomous cars will affect the economy and daily culture we live in, We know autonomous vehicles are going to happen in the future — one question is how quickly — but we want to make sure we’re at least thinking about the impacts they could have on the built environment,” Kenner said. For example, because driverless vehicles will drop off passengers and move on, prime real estate now consumed by vast parking lots and unsightly garages could be freed up for more housing, parks, public plazas and open space, planners say.” This points to the fact that it will affect the built environment and how people are predicting changes in society but affecting the real estate ect. Many research and studies have shown that cars on the decrease the amount of deaths by crashes and will keep drivers who should not be parking and parking garages, meaning more space for community spaces, including parks and residential spaces. To look at a bigger scale of these changes and effect, it will help the air quality and pollution that the typical cars and housing produce. After technology in self driving cars will affect the residential building in a positive way.

Although there are many precautions when technology makes huge advancements, this will ultimately become a positive aspect for the world today.

79

Scenario planning

MORNING:

WAKE UP

SHOWER/RESTROOM

PICK OUT CLOSE

EAT BREAKFAST

LEAVE FOR CLASS

DRIVE TO CLASS

AFTERNOON/EVENING:

DRIVE HOME FROM CLASS

80

RETURN HOME

EAT DINNER

RELAX/WATCH TV

HANGOUT W FRIENDS

NIGHT TIME ROUTINE

GO TO SLEEP

Space programming + Concept development

81

Changes in Public Area Interiors of Residential Buildings Providing Self-Driving Vehicle Service QUICK, EASY & FAST LIVING Time is hard to manage and sometimes we feel like there is not enough time in the day to get everything done. Time is valuable so having a car service is available on your phone makes life easier. This can save so much time. I am constantly going and moving from place to place. Having a car service would benefit me so that I can save time by getting picked up and dropped off from point A to point B, and I would also have time in the car to do others responsibilities from my phone. This Quick, Easy & Fast Living is upon us. This apartment building is designed for busy people. It is designed to take unnecessary stressors out of their lives.

LEAVING 1. WALK IN LOBBY 2. GO TO CAR SERVICE STATION 3. WAIT FOR CAR 4. WALK OUT TO LOADING AREA TO CAR 5. PROGRAM ADDRESS 6. BUCKLE UP

CAR SERVICE

ADDRESS

1

2

3

4

5

6

ARRIVING 1. ENTER LOADING AREA 2. COMPLETE RIDE/TRANSACTION ON APP 3. EXIT CAR 4. CAR LEAVES AND PARKS ITSELF

COMPLETE

1 82

2

3

4

What is your plan after this semester?

I plan on taking summer classes. I want to graduate in December of 2021. So i will be studying abroad next summer.

How was your experience building scenarios under the assumption that the autonomous vehicle service will be introduced into your residential space?

I think this car service was interesting to explore and I think it would be used.

What do you think it means to build evidence for design through research?

Research is so important when designing. You have a “why” to every decision that is made. This way you are better to give reviewers or clients facts to back up decsions.

What would you like to tell your instructor?

Thank you so much! I really enjoyed your class. You pushed me so that I could become a better designer.

I really enjoyed the projects that were designed. I am glad I got to explore Revit more.

Thank you for a great semester. I’m sorry that it was cut short!

Have a great summer.

83

Working, Wesley l

du

al

igi na Ind

ivi

Or

ity

tiv ea Cr le

y St

Uniquely Structured Individual

Structure

Organization

When it comes to my personal brand I am always focused on my goals. I prefer to take artistic and organized approaches to my work, that includes a focus on purity and perfection. Continuity is something that I consider very important when it comes to creating a brand, as having a sense of continuity in your work is essentially what a brand is. You must also take care in creating a brand as it is a reflection of yourself to others. Having an entrepreneurâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s state of mind when creating a brand is also important when creating the brand for business purposes. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s also important to keep an open-mind when working with a brand and to have malleable ideas to accommodate different issues.

84

How will autonomous car service change residential buildings?

The implementation of automatic vehicles into our lives can have major effects on how we build structures. Automation in vehicles would have a major impact on areas of egress in a building, as well as storing and accessing your car. Having automated vehicles opens new doors for the process of parking and entering a building, with automation in cars, parking wouldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t need to be on site, it could be in a nearby area, taking the burden of finding parking spaces off of the user. The organization of a parking lot could also be affected by automated cars, for example the cars may be able to store themselves more compactly and use less space as they could all park closer together and have technology implemented in them to shift when one car needs to enter or exit the parking lot. When looking at egress in a building, I believe many more spaces that are accessible by car would be implemented, spaces such as carports, overhangs, and pavilions would allow for a vehicle to bring passengers to an access point of the building and protect them from overhead elements, taking away the need for people to navigate through unfavorable weather conditions. Services like valet would be eliminated when considering automated cars, the car could act as its own valet, you could possibly be able to request the car come to you on your smartphone and have it meet you at a specified space for picking you up, and when you return, you could send your car back to itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s parking location after dropping you off.

85

Scenario planning

1. Arrive at apartment and send car to parking area.

2. Use bathroom.

Park car?

3. Get snack.

4. Feed fish.

5. Relax in bed.

Car scheduled to pick you up at 8:30 PM.

6. Make dinner.

7. Call for autonomous car.

8. Eat dinner.

9. Leave for friends house.

10. Return home, and send car back to parking area.

11. Eat snack.

12. Shower.

13. Go to sleep.

86

After Class Routine

Park car?

Space programming + Concept development

87

Changes in Public Area Interiors of Residential Buildings Providing Self-Driving Vehicle Service

88

Life Companion With the complex technology of autonomous vehicles, their uses are seemingly endless. Having the luxury of owning an autonomous car opens up opportunities to save you time and possibly even eliminate some monotonous everyday activities from your life. Life companion shows the integration of autonomous vehicles into an apartment building to show how these vehicles can enhance your lifestyle from the building in which you reside, having it in an apartment building also emphasizes how the system would work when you have many other people using the service in the same building.

The building utilizes a centralized organization and offers many area of egress to allow for multiple people to utilize autonomous car functions without interrupting one another.

What is your plan after this semester?

After this semester I will be spending my summer working towards getting a minor in industrial design, and then continue towards my degree in interior architecture in the fall.

How was your experience building scenarios under the assumption that the autonomous vehicle service will be introduced into your residential space?

I enjoyed the experience, I think it was a great assignment to get our studio to really think and be really creative. Integrating autonomous vehicles into architecture is a more futuristic concept, but itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s beneficial to think about because as designers we need to be innovating and thinking to make the world more advanced and efficient.

What do you think it means to build evidence for design through research?

To me it means making decisions within your design and having solid evidence and reason for its presence in the design.

I found research based design to really help my process, because although creativity is vital in design, you can draw design aspects from your research rather than purely from the creativity in your head, making the design more practical for the real world.

What would you like to tell your instructor?

Thank you so much for this amazing semester, this studio has been like no other that Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve had before. I appreciate the abundance of knowledge that you have shared with me and my peers, and I know that what I have learned this semester will be so helpful to my design work in the future. You were able to give me a much more real world and practical view on my work, which will be vital in my transition from school to going out and getting a job in the design field.

89

A LETTER TO MY STUDENTS

Dear my students, Hi, everyone.

First of all, thanks for completing this semester safely.

I really appreciate it.

How was this course?

I wish you had learned something well and enjoyed it.

Personally, this course is based on my learning from projects in practice, especially in branded place, exhibition, and flagship store design projects. This process you have experienced, in the Industrial Design field, is called Technology-Driven Development.

In fact, you won’t have much chance to use this process in the Interior Architecture field, unless you’re designing a specific type of places such as an exhibition. Also, unlike a design-driven project, it is the first time to experience a technology-driven project. Additionally, unlike a design studio with five credits, it was a one-credit seminar so that we couldn’t place much weight on this course. But I wanted to provide a framework for you to develop your ability to design according to the changing society and technology. This is what I sincerely wanted to teach you and hope you learn.

All the time I was with you was so special and thankful to me. This class may be the last meeting with you, but contact me whenever you need me. I will gladly respond to your request. Thank you for being with me this semester.

Have a great summer break.

Sincerely,

90

REFERENCE

Badger, E., & Ingraham, C. (2015). The most popular type of home in every major American city, charted.

Cohen, S. (2016). Urban Sustainability and the Sharing Economy.

Flanagan, T. (2019). Growing Cities and Affordable Housing: The Effects of Rapid Urban Development.

IBISWorld. (2014). Moving on up: Top industries to benefit from urbanization.

Iredale, R., Jones, L., Gray, J., & Deaville, J. (2005). “The edge effect”: An exploratory study of some factors affecting referrals to cancer genetic services in rural Wales. Health and Place.

Kim, A. J., Brown, A., Nelson, M., Ehrenfeucht, R., Holman, N., Gurran, N., … Kresse, K. (2019). Planning and the So-Called ‘Sharing’ Economy / Can Shared Mobility Deliver Equity?/ The Sharing Economy and the Ongoing Dilemma about How to Plan for Informality/ Regulating Platform Economies in Cities–Disrupting the Disruption?/ Regulatory Combat? How the ‘Sharing Economy’ is Disrupting Planning Practice/ Corporatised Enforcement: Challenges of Regulating AirBnB andOther Platform Economies/ Nurturing a Generative Sharing Economy for Local Public Goods and Service Provision.

Planning Theory and Practice, 20(2), 261–287.

Leins, C. (2018). Is Owning Your Own Car a Thing of the Past?

91

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE | UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE, KNOXVILLE YEAR ONE IARC 273 Intro to IA Seminar I

IARC 274 Intro to IA Seminar II

IARC 373 Intermediate IA Seminar IARC 371 Intermediate IA Studio

ARCH 171 Design Fund. I

ARCH 172 Design Fund. II

IARC 271 Intro to IA Studio I

IARC 272 Intro to IA Studio II

ARCH 121 Representation I

ARCH 122 Representation II

ARCH 221 Representation III

IARC 321 Representation IV

IARC 101/107 Intro to Built Environ

IARC 200/207 Human Environment Relations

ARCH 211/217 History/Theory I

ARCH 212/218 History/Theory II

IARC 221 Theory of Color

YEAR THREE

YEAR TWO

IARC 372 Design Develoment & Construction Detail

YEAR FOUR IARC 473 Advanced IA Seminar IARC 471 Advanced IA Studio

IARC 474/477 Advanced Multi Disciplinary IA Studio

IARC 211/217 History of Interior Design IARC 261 Materials, Resources and Textiles

IARC 460 Lighting

IARC 480 Furniture Design

IARC 331 Construction Docs IARC 360 Business Principles and Practice

Prof Design Elective (IARC, LAR, ARCH, INDS)

(Summer) IARC 420 Practicum or IARC 491 International Study

Prof Design Elective (IARC, LAR, ARCH, INDS) Prof Design Elective (IARC, LAR, ARCH, INDS)

My students in IARC 272 Intro to Interior Architecture Seminar II aim to study what changes will be made to the public area of residential buildings with the introduction of self-driving vehicle service. This seminar course 1) delivered a series of lectures on changes of residential building (multi-family housing typology) from 20C to the present, 2) prepared scenarios for interior elements related to the self-driving vehicle, 3) hypothesized potential changes in the public area of residential building interiors, and 4) created design proposals according to the hypothesized changes. The course focused on formulating the hypotheses and implementing design studies with the hypotheses. As a result, this book contains my studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; outcomes produced by the process above.