dOCUMENTA(13): Besar una rana.

Page 1

5ย TLYVZ HU[LYPVYLZ

0UKPJL

0UKPJL

0UKPJL

0UKPJL

K6*<4,5;( ! )LZHY H \UH YHUH

1ร ::0*( 1(8<,: .,9(9+ =03(9

+L U\L]V LU 2HZZLS JHWP[HS KLS T\UKV KL SVZ OLYTHUVZ .YPTT ` KL SH KVJ\TLU[H LZ[H ]La JVU SH NYHMxH KL TH`ย ZJ\SHZ ` TPUย ZJ\SHZ PU]LY[PKH LU \UH KLJSHYHJP}U KL WYPUJPWPVZ ,ZJYPIL *HYVS`U *OYPZ[V] )HRHYNPL] SH HJ[\HS KPYLJ[VYH HY[xZ[PJH KLS L]LU[V X\PUX\LUHS X\L SH ยธKVJ\TLU[H LZ \U LZ[HKV TLU[HSยน LU PUNStZ V \U ยธLZ[HKV KLS LZWxYP[\ยน LU HSLTmU @ SV KPJL LU LS LUZH`V X\L HIYL LS WYPTLY ]VS\TLU KLS JH[mSVNV KL SH L_WVZPJP}U ` X\L SSL]H LS [x[\SV UHKH TLUVZ X\L ;OL )VVR VM )VVRZ LUVYTL ]VS\TLU X\L YLย UL [L_[VZ [L}YPJVZ SH TH`VYxH KL LSSVZ LZJYP[VZ L_WYLZHTLU[L WVY LUJHYNV KL LZ[H KVJ\TLU[H :\Z H\[VYLZ ZVU HY[PZ[HZ MPS}ZVMVZ JPLU[xMPJVZ ` LZJYP[VYLZ KL [VKH Z\LY[L ` YHSLH ;YHZ JPUJV KxHZ KL ]PZP[H H LZ[L THJYVHJVU[LJPTPLU[V LU 2HZZLS [VKH]xH UV [LULTVZ T\` JSHYV H X\t Z[H[L VM TPUK ZL YLMPLYL SH KPYLJ[VYH WLYV YLJ\LYKH T\JOV H HX\tS KLZJYP[V WVY /LNLS LU LS WY}SVNV H SH -LUVTLUVSVNxH KLS ,ZWxYP[\ JVTV MPN\YH KL SH ]PKH KL SH ]LYKHK! ยธ\U KLSPYPV ImX\PJV LU LS X\L UPUNย U TPLTIYV LZJHWH H SH LTIYPHN\La ` JVTV JHKH TPLTIYV HS KPZVJPHYZL ZL KPZ\LS]L WVY LSSV TPZTV LZ[L KLSPYPV LZ HS TPZTV [PLTWV SH X\PL[\K [YHZSย JPKH ` ZPTWSLยน 3H ]LYKHK KL LZ[H KVJ\TLU[H LZ \U [VKV VYNPmZ[PJV X\L ZL KLZWSPLNH H [YH]tZ KL PUU\TLYHISLZ TVTLU[VZ S\NHYLZ ` [PLTWVZ! SVZ HU[LYPVYLZ KLS L]LU[V SVZ X\L HJVU[LJLU H SV SHYNV KL SVZ KxHZ X\L VMPJPHSTLU[L K\YH ` SVZ X\L ]H`HU H X\LKHY JVTV

LMLJ[V

`

WVZ[L]LU[V ;VKHZ SHZ JYx[PJHZ

X\L

ZL

OHU

WYVK\JPKV OHZ[H HOVYH KL LZ[H KVJ\TLU[H ZVU YLHJJPVULZ LWPKtYTPJHZ H LZ[L

TV]PTPLU[V

LUSVX\LJPKV 3H X\L WYLZLU[HTVZ HX\x H\UX\L PU[LU[H UV ZLYSV [HTWVJV LZJHWH H SH \UPSH[LYHSPKHK ` H JPLY[H ]PZJLYHSPKHK WLYV LZ T\` JVUZJPLU[L KL SHZ SPTP[HJPVULZ ` KLS KLZHMxV YHKPJHS KL SH WYVW\LZ[H X\L ZL OH OLJOV ` KL SH [LUZP}U LU[YL \U THJYVWYV`LJ[V KPZL|HKV JVUJPLUa\KHTLU[L OHZ[H LS TmZ YLJ}UKP[V YPUJ}U ` \UH ]VJHJP}U LZJtW[PJH ,S WLUZHTPLU[V


PU[LYLZHU[L ZPLTWYL M\L LZJtW[PJV HZx X\L PU[LU[HYLTVZ HYN\TLU[HY U\LZ[YH L_WLYPLUJPH KLZNYHUHUKV K\IP[H[P]HTLU[L HSN\UVZ KL SVZ TVTLU[VZ X\L TmZ UVZ OHU PTWHJ[HKV KL SH KPHStJ[PJH LU SH X\L ZL KLZWSPLNH H TVKV KL \UH JVUZ[LSHJP}U JVUJLW[\HS 0UJVTWYLOLUZPIPSPKHK ,Z[H KVJ\TLU[H LZ TmZ PUHIHYJHISL X\L J\HSX\PLYH KL SHZ HU[LYPVYLZ LKPJPVULZ (\UX\L SH TH`VYxH KL SVZ ]PZP[HU[LZ H SV Z\TV ZL WHZHU \U WHY KL KxHZ ]PZP[HUKV 2HZZLS SH K6*<4,5;( ZL KLZHYYVSSH [HTIPtU LU 2HI\S LU (SLQHUKYxH LU LS *HPYV ` LU )HUMM *HUHKm 5HKPL ]H H LZ[HY LU [VKVZ LZVZ S\NHYLZ ZHS]V SHZ JVTPZHYPHZ ` [HS ]La HSN‚U PU]P[HKV 5HKH TmZ SLQVZ KL \UH HJ[P[\K WVZ[JVSVUPHS ZPUV W\YH ]VS\U[HK WVSPS}NPJH 8\t KPMxJPS [LUPLUKV LU J\LU[H X\L WVY \UH WHY[L LS L]LU[V [\]V KLZKL Z\Z WYPTLYHZ JVUJLWJPVULZ LS M\LY[L JVTWYVTPZV KL X\L SH TH`VYxH KL SVZ WHY[PJPWHU[LZ ]P]VZ M\LYHU Q}]LULZ UV L\YVWLVZ ` WVY V[YH ZL WSHU[L} JSHYHTLU[L JVTV \U LQLYJPJPV KL PU]LZ[PNHJP}U OPZ[}YPJH 3H L_WVZPJP}U JVTWYLUKL H HY[PZ[HZ MPS}ZVMVZ JPLU[xMPJVZ [L}YPJVZ J\S[\YHSLZ JYx[PJVZ ` LZJYP[VYLZ X\L WYLZLU[HU \U LUVYTL U‚TLYV VIYHZ ` L]LU[VZ T\JOVZ KL LSSVZ ZPT\S[mULVZ ` V[YVZ X\L K\YHU TLZLZ HZx X\L UHKPL W\LKL ZPX\PLYH ZV|HY LU ]LYSV [VKV :}SV LU 2HZZLS TPZTV SH L_WVZPJP}U ZL KLZWHYYHTH WVY [VKH SH JP\KHK LU [VKVZ SVZ LZWHJPVZ [YHKPJPVUHSLZ ` LU V[YVZ HU[LYPVYTLU[L U\UJH \[PSPaHKVZ (\UX\L LZ[\]PTVZ JPUJV KxHZ LU SH JP\KHK UVZ WLYKPTVZ \U TVU[}U KL JVZHZ PTWVY[HU[LZ +VJ\TLU[H YLWYVK\JL LZH JVUKPJP}U WVZTVKLYUH KL SV Z\ISPTL! LS ZLU[PKV KL SH WYVWPH PUMPUP[\K HU[L \UH L_WLYPLUJPH KL SV KLZTLZ\YHKV X\L HW\U[H OHJPH SV X\L QHTmZ HWYLOLUKLYLTVZ UP LU[LUKLYLTVZ ( LSSV ZL Z\TH SH HWHYLU[L MHS[H KL JVUJLW[V KL SH L_WVZPJP}U KLYP]HKH KL Z\ JVU[YHYPV LS L_JLZV KL JVUJLW[VZ ,ZV LZ SV X\L SH OHJL PU[LYLZHU[L ` WHYH UV HWVZ[H[HY LU TVTLU[VZ KL KLZHSPLU[V IHZ[H WLY[YLJOHYZL KL \UH I\LUH KVZPZ KL LWPJ\YLxZTV X\L LS L]LU[V YLJOHaH LU JHKH JLU[xTL[YV KL Z\ [LYYLUV ,ZV LZ SV X\L JVU]PLY[L H K6*<4,5;( LU \U YL[V KP]LY[PKV THSNYt LSSL 5V JVUJLW[V :VZ[PLUL *O\Z 4HY[xULa SH OLHK VM KLWHY[TLU[ V ZLN\UKH LU SH KPYLJJP}U HY[xZ[PJH LU Z\ [L_[V KL WYLZLU[HJP}U X\L tZ[H UV LZ \UH L_WVZPJP}U KL [LZPZ ` X\L [HTWVJV ZL SPTP[H H KLQHY OHISHY H SHZ VIYHZ WVY Zx TPZTHZ UP MHJPSP[H JVUJS\ZP}U HSN\UH ZPUV X\L LZ \UH L_WVZPJP}U WSHU[LHKH JVU \U UV JVUJLW[V X\L LZ HSNV KPZ[PU[V H SH TLYH MHS[H KL PKLHZ UVJPVULZ V WHSHIYHZ ,S JVUJLW[V KL UV JVUJLW[V YLMPLYL H \U TVKV KL WYVK\JJP}U ` WYLZLU[HJP}U KL SHZ VIYHZ LU LS X\L ¸UPUN‚U JVUJLW[V LZ[t LU \UH YLSHJP}U KL L_[LYPVYPKHK JVU J\HSX\PLY V[YV TH[LYPHS HY[L V JPLUJPH ]P]V V PULY[L O\THUV V UV O\THUV¹ )VVR VM )VVRZ +L OLJOV LZ[m KPJOV JVU K\YLaH MPSVZ}MPJH ` X\PLYL KLJPY X\L UV ZL W\LKL YLK\JPY SH L_WVZPJP}U H UPUN\UH [LZPZ ZP UV ZL X\PLYL HJHIHY LU SH SxYPJH V HYY\PUHUKV SH YPX\LaH `


JVTWSLQPKHK KL SH JVZH JVTL[PLUKV \U HI\ZV LZ[V LZ LS ZVTL[PTPLU[V KLS HY[L HS KPZJ\YZV H SH [LVYxH 5PUNย U HY[L LZ YLK\JPISL HS KPZJ\YZV" [HTWVJV UPUN\UH KVJ\TLU[H :PU LTIHYNV LZ[V UV KLILYxH LU[LUKLYZL LU LS ZLU[PKV KL X\L ZL OH I\ZJHKV \UH PUT\UPaHJP}U JVU[YH SH JYx[PJH WHYLJPKH H SH WYHJ[PJHKH ZPLTWYL WVY SH [LVSVNxH WHYH KLMLUKLY H SH ML MYLU[L H SH YHa}U +L OLJOV LZ[H KVJ\TLU[H WYLJPZH TmZ X\L J\HSX\PLYH KLS WHZHKV LS K\YV [YHIHQV JVU LS JVUJLW[V 3H TH`VYxH KL SHZ VIYHZ L_W\LZ[HZ Z}SV ZVU JVTWYLUZPISLZ Q\U[V H SHZ L_WSPJHJPVULZ KPZJ\YZP]HZ KL SV X\L [LULTVZ KLSHU[L :PU SH [LYJLYH WHY[L KLS JH[mSVNV LS .\PKLIVVR KL TmZ KL WmNPUHZ UV ]HSL SH WLUH ]PZP[HY K6*<4,5;( HSNV UVYTHS LU LS HY[L X\L ZL JVTWVUL JHZP ZPLTWYL KL \UH WHY[L ]PZ\HS ` V[YH KPZJ\YZP]H PUZLWHYHISL KL SH WYPTLYH WLYV X\L LU HY[L JVU[LTWVYmULV ZL OH YHKPJHSPaHKV H TLKPKH X\L tZ[L ZL OH PKV O\UKPLUKV LU SH KPMLYLUJPH ` SH [YPIHSPaHJP}U KL SVZ [LTHZ ` SVZ SLUN\HQLZ (Zx X\L H X\PLU UV LZ[t KPZW\LZ[V H \U PTWVY[HU[L LZM\LYaV [L}YPJV LZ[H KVJ\TLU[H ZVSV SL WYVK\JPYm MY\Z[YHJP}U +L OLJOV HSN\UVZ JYx[PJVZ `H ZL X\LQHYVU LS KxH KL SH WYLZLU[HJP}U LS KL Q\UPV WVYX\L LS Z[H[LTLU[ KL SH KPYLJ[VYH PUJS\PKV LU LS RP[ KL WYLUZH ยงLYH \U [L_[V KL WmNPUHZ 3VZ JYx[PJVZ ` SVZ WLYPVKPZ[HZ J\S[\YHSLZ OV` LU KxH LU NLULYHS QHTmZ SLLU [L_[VZ KL [HU L_HNLYHKH SVUNP[\K 3H WYPTLYH WHY[L KLS JH[mSVNV [PLUL JHZP WmNPUHZ H KVZ JVS\TUHZ LU \U MVYTH[V KL _ @ H MPUHSLZ KL Q\SPV OH KL W\ISPJHYZL SH ZLN\UKH WHY[L KLS JH[mSVNV ;OL 3VNIVVR LU \U MVYTH[V MxZPJV HSNV TLUVY 0U]LZ[PNHJP}U HY[xZ[PJH 5VZ LUJVU[YHTVZ JVU SH TmZ [L}YPJH KL SHZ KVJ\TLU[HZ X\L OHU [LUPKV S\NHY 5V Z}SV OH` X\L PY IPLU WLY[YLJOHKV KL JVUVJPTPLU[VZ KL OPZ[VYPH ` [LVYxH ZPUV X\L OH` X\L LZ[\KPHY T\JOV K\YHU[L ` KLZW\tZ ,U HSN\UVZ JHZVZ OH` X\L LUMYLU[HYZL H K\YH MPSVZVMxH JVTV SH KL \UV KL SVZ WLUZHKVYLZ KL YLMLYLUJPH KLS L]LU[V *OYPZ[VWO 4LURL 3H MPSVZVMxH LZ[m WHYH KLZVYKLUHY LS T\UKV KLS ZLU[PKV JVTย U ` JVHK`\]HY LU LS WHY[V KL \U U\L]V T\UKV J\`V ZLU[PKV [VKH]xH UV JHW[HTVZ @ HX\x H [VKVZ ZL UVZ L_PNL X\L UVZ MHTPSPHYPJLTVZ JVU SH PU]LZ[PNHJP}U HY[xZ[PJH `H X\L LZ[L LZ \UH KL SVZ TV[P]VZ V PKLHZ N\xH KL SH L_WVZPJP}U! WLUZHY MPSVZ}MPJHTLU[L LS WLUZHY HY[xZ[PJV JVU[LTWVYmULV 7\LZ WVY PU]LZ[PNHJP}U HY[xZ[PJH UV


OH` X\L LU[LUKLY TLYHTLU[L SV X\L SH TH`VYxH LU[LUKLYxH LZ KLJPY LS WYVJLZV WYL]PV X\L YLHSPaH \U HY[PZ[H WHYH WYVK\JPY Z\ [YHIHQV ;HTWVJV ZL X\PLYL HW\U[HY H SH JYLJPLU[L ZLTLQHUaH X\L T\JOHZ WYmJ[PJHZ HY[xZ[PJHZ OV` [PLULU JVU SHZ JPLUJPHZ ZVJPHSLZ 0U]LZ[PNHJP}U HY[xZ[PJH HX\x ZPNUPMPJH L_WSVYHY H [YH]tZ KLS HY[L SV [V[HSTLU[L V[YV HX\LSSV X\L LZ[m LU LS HM\LYH KLS WLUZHTPLU[V ` SVZ KPZJ\YZVZ `H LZ[HISLJPKVZ 3H PU]LZ[PNHJP}U HY[xZ[PJH HZx LU[LUKPKH UV HYYVQH [LZPZ LU\UJPHISLZ LU LS SLUN\HQL X\L `H JVTWHY[PTVZ ZPUV ¸]HJPSHJPVULZ KLS JVUVJPTPLU[V¹ ¸]PHQLZ HS LZJLW[PJPZTV¹ KLZVYNHUPaHJPVULZ KLS SLUN\HQL ` KLS ZPZ[LTH KL KPZJPWSPUHZ NPYVZ LU SHZ YLNSHZ KL Q\LNV X\L ZVU LS ‚UPJV TVKV KL ¸PUL_WYLZHY SV L_WYLZHISL¹ ZLN‚U SH M}YT\SH KL )HY[OLZ HKVW[HKH WVY *O\Z 4HY[xULa 3H PU]LZ[PNHJP}U HY[xZ[PJH LZ \U MLU}TLUV J\mU[PJV WVY LS WYPUJPWPV KL PUKL[LYTPUHJP}U! HS[LYH SV X\L VIZLY]H ` HJLW[H X\L SH YLHSPKHK LZ [HU JVTWSLQH X\L Z}SV LZ MVYT\SHISL LU JVU[YHKPJJPVULZ KL TVKV WHYHSLSV H J}TV WHYH SH MxZPJH J\mU[PJH SH S\a JVUZPZ[L LU WHY[xJ\SHZ ` HS [PLTWV LU VUKHZ SHZ WHY[xJ\SHZ ]PHQHU LU LS [PLTWV ` H Z\ ]La ZL [LSL[YHUZWVY[HU 3H L_PNLUJPH MPSVZ}MPJH ` HY[xZ[PJH MYLU[L H LSSV LZ WYLJPZHTLU[L SH KL PUL_WYLZHY SV L_WYLZHISL H]LU[\YmUKVZL H V[YHZ S}NPJHZ X\L WYL[LUKLU UV ZLYSV ` WYVK\JPLUKV U\L]VZ LZWHJPVZ KL WLUZHY SH MPJJP}U SV J\HS YLZ\S[H \U WYVJLKPTPLU[V M\UKHTLU[HS MYLU[L H SHZ TL[}KPJHZ KPZJ\YZP]HZ KL SV X\L (KVYUV KLUVTPUHIH ¸WLUZHTPLU[V PKLU[PMPJHU[L¹ ( U\LZ[YV LU[LUKLY K6*<4,5;( UV WVUL Z\MPJPLU[L tUMHZPZ LU LS OLJOV KL X\L SH MPJJP}U HY[xZ[PJH ]H TmZ HSSm KLS THYH]PSSHYZL MPSVZ}MPJHTLU[L WVY HSNV ]H TmZ HSSm KL SH WYLN\U[H WVY J}TV SV YLHS LZ WVZPISL ZLN‚U 4LURL H[YPI\`L HS WLUZHTPLU[V MPSVZ}MPJV" ;OL .\PKLIVVR WHYH SPKLYHY SH PUX\PZPJP}U KL J}TV ZL W\LKL WHZHY KL SV YLHS H SV WVZPISL ,Z[V `H LZ HZx KLZKL SH 7Vu[PJH KL (YPZ[}[LSLZ ]LY 7Vt[PJH H¶I ` WVY LSSV SH MPJJP}U HY[xZ[PJH W\LKL [LULY \UH WYPVYPKHK NUVZLVS}NPJH YLZWLJ[V H SH MPSVZVMxH ` \UH H\[VUVTxH X\L YLZ\S[H KLZH[LUKPKH LU LS L]LU[V (Zx LU K6*<4,5;( ZL NLULYH \UH NYHU [LUZP}U T\` M\LY[L LU [VYUV HS ¸WLUZHTPLU[V PKLU[PMPJHU[L¹ HKVYUPHUV ` H SVZ TLJHUPZTVZ LZJVNPKVZ WHYH SH NLULYHJP}U KL MPJJPVULZ W\LZ[V X\L ZL OH [VTHKV SH VWJP}U KL SH OL[LYVUVTxH KLS HY[L T\` LZWLJPHSTLU[L WVY LQLTWSV KHUKV tUMHZPZ H SHZ IPVNYHMxHZ KL SVZ HY[PZ[HZ .\Z[H] 4L[aLY 2VYIPUPHU (PNULY *OHYSV[[L :HSVTVU 3VZ TLJHUPZTVZ KL NLULYHJP}U KL SH MPJJP}U LU[VUJLZ UV ZVU SH VIYH ZPUV Z\Z JVUKPJPVULZ IPVNYmMPJHZ KL WVZPIPSPKHK KL THULYH X\L UV KLQH KL WSHULHY WVY SVZ LZWHJPVZ HSNV JLYJHUV H \UH YL]PZP[HJP}U JVU[LTWVYmULH KL SH YL[}YPJH KLS NLUPV THSKP[V ,Z[L HZWLJ[V [YP]PHSPaH SHZ WYL[LUZPVULZ KL SH PU]LZ[PNHJP}U HY[xZ[PJH ` JOPYYxH JVU SH ]VJHJP}U WVSPSVNH ` HU[PHU[YVWVJtU[YPJH KLS L]LU[V +LZJLU[YHTPLU[V (\UX\L LS [tYTPUV UV ZL LTWSLL JVTV [HS SH PUZPZ[LU[L WYLZLUJPH KL WYVW\LZ[HZ HY[xZ[PJHZ ` [L}YPJHZ LJVSVNPZ[HZ HUPTHSPZ[HZ ` JPLU[xMPJHZ HW\U[HU H \U KLZJLU[YHTPLU[V KLS W\U[V KL ]PZ[H O\THUV iZ[H LZ ZPU K\KH \UH KL SHZ NYHUKLZ HWVY[HJPVULZ KLS L]LU[V X\L WHYLJL X\L UV OH` THULYH KL HZ\TPY `H KLZKL LS WVIYL *VWtYUPJV 7HYH WHZTV KL T\JOVZ LS Z[H[LTLU[ KL SH KPYLJ[VYH JVTPLUaH WVUPtUKVZL LU LS W\U[V KL ]PZ[H KL \U TL[LVYP[V *VUJYL[HTLU[L LS TL[LVYP[V HYNLU[PUV KLS *OHJV KLZJ\IPLY[V LU ` X\L JVU Z\Z [VULSHKHZ *HYVS`U *OYPZ[V] )HRHYNPL] JVU KVZ HY[PZ[HZ HYNLU[PUVZ .\PSSLYTV -HP]V]PJO ` 5PJVSmZ .VSKILYN X\LYxHU [YHLY H 2HZZLS WHYH JVU]LY[PYSV LU LS VIQL[V UH[\YHS TmZ WLZHKV KLZWSHaHKV L_WYLZHTLU[L WHYH \UH L_WVZPJP}U KL HY[L JVU LS WYVW}ZP[V KL JYLHY \UH VJHZP}U WHYH YLMSL_PVUHY ZVIYL LS LZWHJPV ` LS [PLTWV (S MPUHS LS WYV`LJ[V UV W\KV YLHSPaHYZL WVY SH VWVZPJP}U JP\KHKHUH X\L ZL TV]PSPa} JVU[YH SV X\L ZL PU[LYWYL[} JVTV \U HJ[V KL VW\SLUJPH


JVSVUPHS ,Z[H KVJ\TLU[H LZ[m ยธPTW\SZHKH WVY \UH ]PZP}U OVSxZ[PJH ` UV SVNVJtU[YPJH JVTWHY[PKH JVU ` X\L YLJVUVJL SVZ JVUVJPTPLU[VZ KL SVZ OHJLKVYLZ HUPTHKVZ L PUHUPTHKVZ KLS T\UKVยน LU \U ยธPU[LU[V KL UV ZP[\HY QLYmYX\PJHTLU[L LS WLUZHTPLU[V O\THUV WVY LUJPTH KL SHZ JHWHJPKHK KL V[YHZ LZWLJPLZ ` JVZHZ WHYH WLUZHY V WYVK\JPY JVUVJPTPLU[Vยน )VVR ;YH\TH 6TUPWYLZLU[L LU LZ[H KVJ\TLU[H X\L YLJ\LYKH X\L SVZ VYxNLULZ KL LZ[H L_WVZPJP}U X\L ZL JLSLIYH JHKH JPUJV H|VZ KLZKL ZL OHSSH WYLJPZHTLU[L LU LS [YH\TH KL SH ZLN\UKH N\LYYH T\UKPHS SH KLZ[Y\JJP}U KL SH JP\KHK X\L M\L JVU +YLZKLU ` -YHURM\Y[ \UH KL SHZ TmZ JHZ[PNHKHZ WVY SVZ IVTIHYKLVZ PUJLUKPHYPVZ KL SVZ IYP[mUPJVZ *VUJLW[V X\LYPKV JVTV WVJVZ WVY SH [LVYxH KLS HY[L JVU[LTWVYmULV LS HY[L X\L HS\KL KPYLJ[H V PUKPYLJ[HTLU[L H LWPZVKPVZ [YH\Tm[PJVZ KL SH OPZ[VYPH LZ[m LU JHKH \UV KL SVZ LZWHJPVZ KL LZ[H L_WVZPJP}U ;HS ]La WVY LSSV UV OH`H HWLUHZ S\NHY WHYH LS O\TVY UP SH PYVUxH UP LZWHJPVZ WHYH LS LSVNPV KL SH MPZPJPKHK V KLS LYV[PZTV UP WHYH LS J\LYWV WVJV WHYH LS NtULYV UP WHYH LS NLZ[V UP WHYH SH THUV UP WHYH SH JLULZ[LZPH UP WHYH SH ZPULZ[LZPH UP WHYH SH L_WLYPLUJPH LZ[t[PJH UP ZPX\PLYH WHYH SH YL]PZP[HJP}U KL SVZ [YH\THZ TmZ HSSm KL [LYHWPHZ HSNV HUX\PSVZHKHZ ` WVY LSSV HSNV THUPLYPZ[HZ ` `H JHUZPUHZ 5HKPL OHJL JHZV LU LZ[H KVJ\TLU[H KL SH THNUxMPJH HJJP}U [YHUZMVYTHKVYH KLS [YH\TH SSL]HKH H JHIV WVY 1VZLWO )L\`Z OHJL [YLPU[H H|VZ LU SVZ TPZTVZ LZWHJPVZ J\HUKV PUPJP} SH WSHU[HJP}U KL YVISLZ [YHUZMVYTHUKV LS [YH\TH ` SH J\SWH LU HSNV [HU MxZPJV ` SSLUV KL ]PKH JVTV LZVZ mYIVSLZ KLZ[PUHKVZ H L_[LUKLYZL KLZKL 2HZZLS H [VKV LS WSHUL[H +LTHZPHKV ]P[HSPZTV ZPU K\KH WHYH SH KVJ\TLU[H KLS JVSHWZV 3H H\ZLUJPH KLS LSVNPV KL SH ZLUZPIPSPKHK ZL THUPMPLZ[H HS[HTLU[L HMxU KL TVKV JHZP KP]LY[PKV ` WYVIHISLTLU[L UV WYL]PZ[V HS LZWxYP[\ O\NVUV[L KL SH [YHKPJP}U YLSPNPVZH KLS LUJSH]L OHZ[H [HS W\U[V X\L LU JPLY[VZ TVTLU[VZ YLZ\S[H HWHI\SSHU[L ` WVJV TLUVZ X\L JSH\Z[YVM}IPJH Z\ HTIPHUJL YLSPNPVZH WVY TmZ X\L W\KPLYH SLLYZL LU JSH]L PY}UPJH H\UX\L K\KHTVZ X\L LZH ZLH Z\ ]VJHJP}U ;HS ]La LZ[H H\ZLUJPH KLS LSVNPV KL SH ZLUZPIPSPKHK ZLH SH X\L OH`H SSL]HKV HS YLJOHaV JSHTVYVZV KL SH LZ[t[PJH MYHUJLZH ` T\` LZWLJPHSTLU[L H SH KL 1HJX\LZ 9HUJPuYL ` Z\ YLWHY[V KL SV ZLUZPISL 3H TLQVY OPNPLUL LU[VUJLZ


WYVWPJPHKH JVU ILUL]VSLUJPH JVTV WHY[L M\UKHTLU[HS KL K6*<4,5;( LZ LS WHZLV KPHYPV WVY LS WHYX\L KL SH JP\KHK X\L UV WVKxH KLQHY KL YLUKPY OVTLUHQL LU LZ[H VJHZP}U H SVZ OLYTHUVZ .YPTT SSLUHUKV KL JHZP[HZ KL [PWV /pUZLS ` .YL[LS Z\ THYH]PSSVZV WHYX\L HMYHUJLZHKV :L WYVWVUL \UH WLYLNYPUHJP}U HOVYH HSNV TmZ SHPJH H SHZ JHZP[HZ¶T}UHKHZ X\L PUZ[HSHU H SV OLPKLNNLYPHUV \U LU LZ[L JHZV UV OVYPaVU[L KL ZLU[PKV K\YHU[L JPLU KxHZ WHYH S\LNV LZM\THYZL JVTV SH JHZP[H KL SVZ [YLZ JLYKP[VZ UV SVZ KL (SILY[ :LYYH ZPUV SVZ KLS J\LU[V KL ¸¦X\PtU [LTL HS SVIV MLYVa HS SVIV HS SVIV&¹ H YPLZNV KL X\L SHZ JHYYVaHZ ZL UVZ JVU]PLY[HU LU JHSHIHaHZ ` SHZ YHUHZ LU WYxUJPWLZ @ [VKV WVY \U ILZV

7VZTLKPHSPKHK <UV KL SVZ NYHUKLZ HJPLY[VZ KL K6*<4,5;( LZ X\L KLMPLUKL SH JVUKPJP}U WVZTLKPH KL SVZ WYV`LJ[VZ LZJVNPKVZ [HS ` JVTV JVYYLZWVUKL H U\LZ[YV LU[LUKLY H SH PU]LZ[PNHJP}U HY[xZ[PJH JVU[LTWVYmULH (Zx SH TH`VYxH KL SVZ WYV`LJ[VZ HY[xZ[PJVZ WYVW\LZ[VZ LZ[mU LU \U PUIL[^LLU LU \UH PU[LYZLJJP}U [LUZH JVTV UV W\KPLYH ZLY KL V[YV TVKV ` T\` HJLY[HKH LU[YL KP]LYZVZ TLKPVZ HY[xZ[PJVZ X\L VISPNH H SH [YHUZNYLZP}U KL SHZ SPTP[HJPVULZ [YHKPJPVUHSLZ KL SVZ TPZTVZ [HS ` JVTV HJVU[LJL KLZKL OHJL \UH KtJHKH ¶HS TLUVZ¶ LU SVZ SHIVYH[VYPVZ JPLU[xMPJVZ HYX\P[LJ[}UPJVZ KL KPZL|V V KL HY[LZ LZJtUPJHZ KVUKL JHKH TPLTIYV VJ\WH \U S\NHY X\L UV SL LZ WYVWPV WHYH [YH[HY KL [YHZJLUKLY SVZ WYV[VJVSVZ KL PU]LZ[PNHJP}U WYLJPZHTLU[L KL SV WYVWPV ` KHY S\NHY H \UH PUKHNHJP}U OxIYPKH ` JVYHS PUX\PL[H! LZJtW[PJH ,Z[L NYHU HJPLY[V KL K6*<4,5;( X\LKH SPTP[HKV WVYX\t UV PUJS\`L LU Z\ LSLUJV KL [YHUZTLKPHSPKHK H SHZ HY[LZ LZJtUPJHZ X\PLULZ H U\LZ[YV LU[LUKLY SPKLYHU HJ[\HSTLU[L LZ[L [PWV KL WYVJLZVZ

<S[YH *VYHSPKHK *VYHSPKHK LZ \UH WHSHIYH UV YLJVUVJPKH WVY SH 9(, X\L [HTWVJV ZL LUJ\LU[YH LU Z\ ]LYZP}U PUNSLZH JOVYHSP[` LU UPUN‚U KPJJPVUHYPV WLYV X\L J\HSX\PLYH LU[PLUKL JVTV YLMLYPKH HS JHYmJ[LY JVYHS KL HSNV *SHYV X\L SH JVYHSPKHK ZL KLIL KLJPY KL T\JOHZ THULYHZ 5V LZ SV TPZTV SH JVYHSPKHK HYT}UPJH KL \UH JHU[H[H IHJOPHUH X\L LS LZ[Y\LUKV KL KPZVUHUJPHZ X\L ZL V`L SLL ` ]L LU LZ[H L_WVZPJP}U (\UX\L SL YLZ\S[H X\LYPKH H SH KPYLJ[VYH HY[xZ[PJH UV HJHIH KL ]LYZL WHYH X\t ZPY]L ZHS]V WHYH JVU[YHKLJPYZL J\HUKV ZL \ZH LU ZLU[PKV UVYTH[P]V JVTV HW\U[HUKV H \UH U\L]H JVT\UPKHK ZVJPHSPKHK V JVU]P]PHSPKHK [tYTPUV HKVW[HKV WVY SH KPYLJJP}U LU OVTLUHQL HS JVU]P]P\T 7SH[}U ` Z\ ¸LZJLW[PJPZTV¹ Z\WVULTVZ KL UV ZL ZHIL X\t JSHZL (ZPZ[PTVZ H \UH ZLTPUHYPV THYH[VUPHUV JVU )VYPZ .YV`Z ` +PKLYPJO +PKLYPJOZLU ZVIYL LS [LTH ` UV ZHJHTVZ UHKH LU JSHYV M\LYH KL S\NHYLZ JVT\ULZ ` K\KHZ ZVIYL J}TV LU[PLUKLU HSN\UVZ SH KLTVJYHJPH ,U SH YV[VUKH KLS LKPMPJV WYPUJPWHS KL SH L_WVZPJP}U LU LS -YLKLYPJPHU\T ZL L_OPIL \UH JVSLJJP}U KL VIYHZ ` VIQL[VZ X\L X\PLYL LWP[VTPaHY LZ[L JHYmJ[LY JVYHS (Ox LUJVU[YHTVZ! HY[L HMNHUV KL OHJL H|VZ J\HKYVZ KL 4VYHUKP MV[VNYHMxHZ KL 3LL 4PSSLY LU LS IH|V KL /P[SLY JLYmTPJHZ KL (U[VUP *\TLSSH \U YL[YH[V KLS /P[SLY X\L WLY[LULJxH H ,]H )YH\U \U TL[Y}UVTV JVU VQV KL 4HU 9H` YLZ[VZ KL SH N\LYYH JP]PS SPIHULZH \U MYHNTLU[V KL ]PKLV KL \U HY[PZ[H LNPWJPV HZLZPUHKV LU SH WSHaH ;HOYPY KL LS *HPYV \UH LZJ\S[\YH LU TmYTVS KL JHYYHYH KL :HT +\YHU[ JVU MVYTH KL ZHJV KL JLTLU[V \UVZ ZLYLJPSSVZ KL JLYmTPJH HKVYHISLZ KL 1\HUH 4HY[H 9VKHZ ` 1\SPH 0ZPKYLa ¶THKYL L OPQH YLZWLJ[P]HTLU[L¶ ` HZx TmZ KL J\HYLU[H WPLaHZ


ยฆ*VYHSPKHK& 4mZ IPLU ULJLZPKHK KL \S[YHJVYHSPKHK LU LS ZLU[PKV X\L WHYLJL X\L H SH KPYLJJP}U HY[xZ[PJH SL OH`H YLZ\S[HKV PTWYLZJPUKPISL `\_[HWVULY \UH ZLYPL KL TVKVZ KL LZJ\JOH KLS L]LU[V WHYH WVKLY [YH[HY LU LZ[L JHZV `H LU \UH MVYTH TmZ JSmZPJH KL HWYLOLUKLY SV PUHWYLOLUZPISL H\UX\L LU LZ[L JHZV UV ZLH WVY [YHZJLUKLUJPH ZPUV WVY W\YV PUL]P[HISL JVUJPLUa\KV ` WYVNYHTm[PJV KLZIVYKHTPLU[V ยฆ:LYm WVY LSSV X\L LZ[VZ TVKVZ KL LZJ\JOH ZL WYVK\JLU LU \U LZWHJPV T\` WHYLJPKV H \UH JHWPSSH& 3V ILSSV LZ KPMxJPS KLJxH :}JYH[LZ ,Z KPMxJPS ZLY LZJtW[PJV ` ZLY THLZ[YV KL JVYVZ ( tS SL YLZ\S[} KPMxJPS ZP [LULTVZ X\L KHY JVUMPHUaH H SVZ YLSH[VZ KLS KVNTm[PJV KL 7SH[}U JVZH UHKH L]PKLU[L 7LYV ZP ZVTVZ WLX\L|VZ :}JYH[LZ ยฆHSN\PLU KPQV ยธ9HUJPuYLยน& [HS ]La SH ย UPJH ZVS\JP}U ZLH SH PYVUxH ZVJYm[PJH ` [HS ]La SH JHWPSSH 4HY[xULaยถ4LURL [LUNH LU YLHSPKHK \UH H[T}ZMLYH PY}UPJH (TtU ;HTIPtU UVZ [VWHTVZ JVU LS JVUJLW[V LU \UV KL SVZ WYV`LJ[VZ WYLZLU[HKVZ! 6U 9L[YLH[! *OVYHSP[` ( >YP[LYZยป 9LZPKLUJL X\L JVTV Z\ UVTIYL PUKPJH LZ \UH WYVNYHTH KL YLZPKLUJPH KL LZJYP[VYLZ KL KP]LYZHZ UHJPVUHSPKHKLZ ` SLUN\HZ WLYV JVU KVTPUPV OPWmUPJV ,[LS (KUHU 4HYPV )LSSH[PU 4HYPL +HYYPL\ZZLJX (HYVU 7LJR ([PS 9HOPTP (KHUPH :OPISP ,UYPX\L =PSH 4H[HZ ` (SLQHUKYV AHTIYH ,U 2HZZLS LZ[HYmU LZJYPIPLUKV ` `H ZL ]LYm J\mS LZ LS PTWYL]PZPISL YLZ\S[HKV JVYHS :VIYL *VYLVNYHMxH ,S TV[P]V JVYLVNYmMPJV LZ PN\HSTLU[L VTUPWYLZLU[L HX\x YLMVYaHUKV SH L]PKLU[L [LUKLUJPH KLS HY[L JVU[LTWVYmULV OHJPH SH WLYMVYTH[P]PKHK ,Z VTUPWYLZLU[L HS TLUVZ LU KVZ ZLU[PKVZ ,U WYPTLY S\NHY LU[LUKLTVZ X\L ZL YLWP[L HX\x LS TV[P]V IHYYVJV `H KL[LJ[HKV WVY )LUQHTPU LU Z\ SPIYV ZVIYL LS ;YH\LYZWPLS HSLTmU! LS T\UKV LZ \U NYHU LZJLUHYPV [VKVZ UVZV[YVZ HJ[VYLZ ` SH KVJ\TLU[H SV LZ TmZ X\L UHKH ,S HY[L L_OPIPKV LU LZ[L LZJLUHYPV OH` X\L LU[LUKLYSV LU [tYTPUVZ KL YLWLYMVYTH[P]PKHK ` ]PY[\VZPKHK ` [PLUL X\L ]LY JVU SH J\LZ[P}U KL SH WYLZLU[HJP}U KLS HY[L SHZ YLSHJPVULZ JVU LS Wย ISPJV ` LS LZ[H[\Z KL SH L_WVZPJP}U TPZTH ,U ZLN\UKV S\NHY ` H WLZHY KL SH PUNLU[L JHU[PKHK KL WYV`LJ[VZ L_W\LZ[VZ LU SHZ ZLKLZ KL K6*<4,5;( OH` LU LSSH \UH HMPYTHJP}U WYVNYHTm[PJH KLS KLZWSHaHTPLU[V KL SH VIYH UV Z}SV HS WYV`LJ[V ZPUV HS L]LU[V (Zx SH JHU[PKHK KL L]LU[VZ JVUMLYLUJPHZ ZLTPUHYPVZ LUJ\LU[YVZ LZJYP[\YHZ ZP[LZ ZWLJPMPJ ` WLYMVYTHUJLZ KPHYPVZยฏ YLJVNPKVZ LU LS ]VS\TLUยถHNLUKH >HUUยถ>HZ Z\WLYH H SH JHU[PKHK KL WYV`LJ[VZ L_W\LZ[VZ [YH[HUKV KL PUZPZ[PY LU Z\ ]VJHJP}U WVSPSVNH ,S WV[LUJPHS MVYTH[P]V LZ KL [HU THNUV HSJHUJL JYLLTVZ X\L LS TH`VY [HU[V J\HU[P[H[P]HTLU[L JVTV J\HSP[H[P]HTLU[L KL SH OPZ[VYPH KL SH MVYTHJP}U HY[xZ[PJH LU ,\YVWH X\L YLZ\S[H PUJVTWYLUZPISL X\L LZ[VZ L]LU[VZ X\LKLU YLZLY]HKVZ H SVZ ]PZP[HU[LZ KL 2HZZLS ` KL SHZ V[YHZ [YLZ ZLKLZ ` UV ZL KPZWVUNHU LU SH YLK [HS ` JVTV OHJLU SVZ NYHUKLZ JLU[YVZ KL PU]LZ[PNHJP}U KLS T\UKV KLZH\YH[PaHUKV tZ[VZ LS HX\x ` HOVYH KLS L]LU[V H MH]VY KL SH KLTVJYH[PaHJP}U WHSHIYV H\ZLU[L LU [VKVZ SVZ KVJ\TLU[VZ KL K6*<4,5;( JHZP JVTV ยธKLTVJYHJPHยน KLS TPZTV 7HYHSLSHTLU[L H LSSV JPLU[V \U KVJ\TLU[VZ ZL YLJVNxHU `H HU[LZ KLS L]LU[V LU ;OL )VVR VM )VVRZ ยถUPUN\UH KVJ\TLU[H M\L QHTmZ TmZ MPLS H Z\ UVTIYLยถ KL THULYH X\L SHZ JVYLVNYHMxHZ YLZ\S[HU[LZ [PLULU \U THYJHKV JHYmJ[LY ยธ]LY[PJHSยน ZPLUKV LU YLHSPKHK ZVIYLJVYLVNYHMxHZ! ZVU TmZ JLYJHUHZ H lILY KHZ 4HYPVUL[[LU[OLH[LY KL =VU 2SLPZ[ X\L H \UH KPYLJJP}U JVYLVNYmMPJH JVU[LTWVYmULH X\L Z\LSL YLZWL[HY SH JYLH[P]PKHK KLS PU[tYWYL[L IHPSHYxU ;HS ]La SH YHa}U ZLH SH YV[\UKH HW\LZ[H [L}YPJH WVY (KVYUV LU KL[YPTLU[V KL )LUQHTPU ` Z\ WLUJOHU[ WVY SH J\S[\YH KL THZHZ HSNV X\L SSL]H H L_WLYPTLU[HY SH ]VJHJP}U WVSxSVNH KL


K6*<4,5;( LU TVTLU[VZ KL JVUJPLUJPHJP}U KL SVZ LQLYJPJPVZ ZVIYLJVYLVNYmMPJVZ JVTV \U ZPT\SHJYV H JVU]LY[PY H SVZ JVYL}NYHMVZ LU [P[PYP[LYVZ ` H SVZ IHPSHYPULZ UVZV[YVZ LU JHUKPKH[VZ H 7PUVJJOPVZ HS TxUPTV KLZJ\PKV ZPU ZHILY HS MPUHS J\mU[V UVZ JYLJP} SH UHYPa LU 2HZZLS UP ZP MPUHSTLU[L Z\WPTVZ LTHUJPWHYUVZ ¦HSN\PLU ]VS]P} H KLJPY ¸9HUJPuYL¹& KL J\LYKHZ ` JY\JLYHZ

*H[mZ[YVML 1\U[V H SVZ JVUJLW[VZ KL JYPZPZ HJJPKLU[L ` KLZ[Y\JJP}U \UV KL SVZ JLU[YVZ KL NYH]LKHK KL LZ[H KVJ\TLU[H X\L PUK\KHISLTLU[L LZ OPQH KL Z\ [PLTWV LZ SH M\UKHKH JYLLUJPH KL X\L [YHZ ZHSPY KLS ZPNSV KL SHZ JH[mZ[YVMLZ LZ[HTVZ LU [YHUZPJP}U WVY \U WYVJLSVZV THY OHJPH \U T\UKV KPZ[PU[V SSLUV KL T\` ULNYVZ U\IHYYVULZ K6*<4,5;( UV LZ ZPU LTIHYNV WLZPTPZ[H 7YL[LUKL OHILY ZPKV YLHSPaHKH KLZKL \U LZ[HKV KL LZWLYHUaH \ VW[PTPZTV ` YLP]PUKPJHUKV LS Z\L|V LTHUJPWH[VYPV H\UX\L [YH[HUKV KL LZX\P]HY SVZ [tYTPUVZ TVKLYUVZ LU X\L PUL]P[HISLTLU[L KLYP]H SH JVUQ\NHJP}U KLS ]LYIV LTHUJPWHY <UH VIYH LSLNPKH LU LZ[L ZLU[PKV ` KL NYHU M\LYaH LZ SH JVSLJJP}U KL WVZ[HSLZ JVU WHYLZ KL THUaHUHZ WPU[HKHZ WVY 2VYIPUPHU (PNULY \U WHZ[VY JH[}SPJV JVUKLUHKV H WYPZP}U `H LU WVY JYP[PJHY H SVZ UHaPZ ` S\LNV KLWVY[HKV HS JHTWV KL L_[LYTPUPV KL +HJOH\ X\L WPU[} TmZ KL KL LZ[VZ J\HKYP[VZ ` JYL} J\H[YV U\L]HZ LZWLJPLZ KL THUaHUH X\L KLUVTPU} JVU \U ILUKP[V O\TVY 2A 2A 2A ` 2A SH 2A ZL J\S[P]H OV` LU KxH LU (SLTHUPH JVU LS UVTIYL KL RVYIPUPHZHWMLS 6[YHZ VIYHZ LU JHTIPV UV ZHJHU WHY[PKV HSN\UV KL SHZ JH[mZ[YVMLZ ZVIYL SHZ X\L [YHIHQHU ` KLZJVULJ[HU KL [VKV VW[PTPZTV <UH WPLaH T\` ]PZP[HKH LZ SH PUZ[HSHJP}U ;OL 9LWHPY KL 2HKKLY ([[PH ZVIYL SHZ ZLTLQHUaHZ LU[YL SHZ TmZJHYHZ HMYPJHUHZ YLWHYHKHZ ` SVZ YVZ[YVZ YLWHYHKVZ KL SVZ ZVSKHKVZ


]xJ[PTHZ KL SH 7YPTLYH .\LYYH T\UKPHS LU \U Q\LNV ]PZ\HS X\L ZL PUZ[HSH LU SH IHUHSPaHJP}U KLS OVYYVY HSNV WYV[V[xWPJV KL SVZ LQLYJPJPVZ KL LZ[L [PWV ` X\L MPUHSTLU[L L_OPIL \UH WHYHKH KL OVYYVYLZ WHYH UHKH V WHYH HSNV WLVY! ]VS]LY H JVUZ[H[HY JHUZPUHTLU[L X\L JPLY[V HY[L JVU[LTWVYmULV UV KLQH KL Q\N\L[LHY JVU ]PZVZ WZL\KVTVYHSPUVZ ` KL ZVIYLHYYVNHUJPH JVU SV X\L UV KLIPLYH 7YLJHYPLKHK <U JVUJLW[V LU L]VS\JP}U OV` ` X\L KLZPNUH \UH JVUKPJP}U X\L ZL L_[PLUKL ` LU[PLUKL JHKH ]La TmZ [HS ]La WHYH JHYHJ[LYPaHY U\LZ[YH J\S[\YH T\JOV TmZ HSSm KL SHZ YLSHJPVULZ JHWP[HSPZ[HZ X\L KLMPULU Z\ IHZL -\R\ZOPTH ]HSKYxH JVTV LQLTWSV ` LZ LSLNPKV WVY LS 6[VSP[O .YV\W LU Z\ VIYH -\R\ZOPTH 4VU (TV\Y WHYH \U MPST ZVIYL SH YHKPHJP}U [YHZ SH JH[mZ[YVML LU 1HW}U X\L L]PKLUJP} SH WYLJHYPLKHK KL SH ]PKH O\THUH HU[L SHZ M\LYaHZ KL SH UH[\YHSLaH ` LS YPLNV [LJUVS}NPJV 3H WYLJHYPLKHK ZL L_[PLUKL ZPU LTIHYNV UV ZVSV ZVIYL U\LZ[YV T\UKV [LJUVS}NPJV ` ZVIYL U\LZ[YHZ YLSHJPVULZ ZVJPHSLZ ` LJVU}TPJHZ ZPUV [HTIPtU ZVIYL U\LZ[YVZ ZHILYLZ PUJS\`LUKV SHZ WYmJ[PJHZ HY[xZ[PJHZ JVU[LTWVYmULHZ ` [VKV SV X\L NPYH LU [VYUV H LSSHZ [HTIPtU SHZ IPLUHSLZ ` SVZ KPZJ\YZVZ KL ` ZVIYL LS HY[L X\L LZ \U LUPNTH JVUZPZ[LU[L LU X\L UV ZHILTVZ SV X\L LZ OHZ[H X\L `H UV LZ SV X\L LYH )VVR LZJYPIL SH KPYLJ[VYH ,SSV LU TLKPV KL SH VW\SLUJPH TmZ KPZVUHU[L W\LZ[V X\L LS ]PZP[HU[L KL K6*<4,5;( ZL LUJ\LU[YH PUTLYZV LU \U L]LU[V X\L H WLZHY WYL[LUKLY NLULYHY PUJLY[PK\TIYLZ ` UV JLY[LaHZ KH S\NHY KL TVKV TLYPKPHUV H \UH PTWYLZP}U ZVIYLJVNLKVYH KL X\L LS L]LU[V UV Z}SV ZPN\L ZPLUKV \U MLZ[P]HS KLS JHWP[HSPZTV ZPUV X\L HOVYH LU WSLUH WYLJHYPLKHK LJVU}TPJH WVSx[PJH ` J\S[\YHS SVZ JPLU KxHZ KL 2HZZLS ZL HMPYTHU JVTV \UH VJHZP}U TmZ WHYH L_OPIPY ZPU [HW\QVZ LS KLZWV[PZTV LJVU}TPJV KL (SLTHUPH WVY ZP HSN\PLU K\KHIH KL HSNV ;HS ]La WVY LSSV SHZ JVTPZHYPHZ VW[LU W‚KPJHTLU[L WVY \IPJHYZL LU HSNV [HU ]PLQV ` KL [HU VISPNHKH YLSLJ[\YH JVTV LS LZJLW[PJPZTV 8\Pam UV OH` X\L SSLNHY H SLLY H :L_[V ,TWxYPJV ` H 7PYY}U ¶[HS ` JVTV LSSHZ WYVWVULU¶ WHYH JVUJS\PY X\L LS YL[V KL VYPLU[HY LS WLUZHTPLU[V PUL_WYLZHUKV SV L_WYLZHISL H [YH]tZ KL \U THJYVL]LU[V HY[xZ[PJV WYVIHISLTLU[L HJHIL ZPLUKV \UH L_WYLZP}U \ItYYPTH KL SH S}NPJH KLS JHWP[HSPZTV KLZX\PJPHKV KL SH ZLN\UKH KtJHKH KLS ZPNSV ??0 ` X\L SH LJVUVTxH KLS UVU ZLUZL T\LZ[YH ZPU [P[\ILVZ H\[VHMPYTHJPVULZ KP]LYZHZ KLS JHWP[HSPZTV JVU[YH LS J\HS Z\YNP} SH ,ZJ\LSH KL -YHURM\Y[ JSH]L MPSVZ}MPJH KL K6*<4,5;( :\Z YLWYLZLU[HU[LZ KLZKL (KVYUV OHZ[H 4LURL JVUJPILU SH MPSVZVMxH LZLUJPHSTLU[L JVTV JYx[PJH YLP]PUKPJHUKV SH [YHKPJP}U KLS LZJLW[PJPZTV TmZ KLW\YHKV ` L_PNLU[L ,Z WVY LSSV X\L SH K6*<4,5;( JVTV LUJ\LU[YV KL VWxWHYH JVU]P]PHSPKHK LU[YL SH MPSVZVMxH JYx[PJH ` SVZ THJYVL]LU[VZ HY[xZ[PJVZ ZP HSNV WVUL LU L]PKLUJPH LZ X\L SVZ [PLTWVZ KL LZ[L [PWV KL HJVU[LJPTPLU[VZ LZ HSNV KLS WHZHKV JVTV KPYxH /LNLS LPU =LYNHUNLULZ ` X\L K6*<4,5;( KLILYxH HW\U[HY H SV TPJYV H SH \IPJHJP}U LU SHZ JHWHJPKHKLZ KPZ[\YIPHKVYHZ ` LTHUJPWHKVYHZ KLS HY[L ` H Z\ S‚JPKH JVTWYLUZP}U KL SV WYLJHYPV ,U LZ[L ZLU[PKV SH H\ZLUJPH KL ;OVTHZ /PYZJOVYU YLZ\S[H [HTIPtU TLYPKPHTLU[L LSVJ\LU[L

( LZ[HZ HS[\YHZ X\PLU OH`H [LUPKV SH ZHU[H WHJPLUJPH KL SSLNHY OHZ[H HX\x ZL LZ[HYm WYLN\U[HUKV WVY LS HY[L L_W\LZ[V KLS X\L H WLUHZ OLTVZ OHISHKV )\LUV W\LZ HOx ]H U\LZ[YH ZLSLJJP}U KL SV


X\L UV KLILYxH \UV WLYKLYZL ,U SH /\NLUV[[LUOH\Z ;OLHZ[LY .H[LZ LZ[HYm K\YHU[L SVZ KxHZ YLJVUMPN\YHUKV LS LUVYTL JHZLYVU HIHUKVUHKV KLZKL SVZ H|VZ ZL[LU[H JVTV \U LZWHJPV KL LUJ\LU[YV SHIVYHS KL YLJPJSHQL KL PU[LYJHTIPV KL PKLHZ ` [YHUZMVYTHJP}U LU [VKVZ SVZ ZLU[PKVZ 6IYH MHZJPUHU[L H\UX\L KL WYVISLTm[PJH YLJLWJP}U ZHS]V X\L \UV ]P]H LU 2HZZLS 3H PUZ[HSHJP}U KL >PSSPHT 2LU[YPKNL ;OL 9LM\ZHS VM ;PTL :VILYIPH WPLaH IHZHKH LU \UH WYV`LJJP}U KL JPUJV JHUHSLZ KL ]xKLV LU \U HTWSPV LZWHJPV LU \UVZ HU[PN\VZ HSTHJLZ KLS L_[YLTV UVY[L KL SH ]PLQH LZ[HJP}U JLU[YHS /H` X\PLU ZL SH WLYKLYm WVYX\L JHL T\` SLQVZ KL SH aVUH UVISL KL SH L_WVZPJP}U WLYV SH JHTPUH[H OHJPH SH ]PLQH LZ[HJP}U ]HSL SH WLUH ` YLZPNUPMPJH SH NLVNYHMxH KLS L]LU[V W\LZ[V X\L LZ SH ‚UPJH WPLaH X\L YVTWL JVU SVZ YPNVYLZ KLS Z[H[LTLU[ KL K6*<4,5;( WHYH SSL]HY HS LZWLJ[HKVY H SH YLMSL_P}U ZVIYL SH JVUMS\LUJPH LU SH MPJJP}U LU[YL SV LZ[t[PJV ` SV WVSx[PJV LU LS ZLU[PKV TmZ HTWSPV KL SVZ [tYTPUVZ SL WLYTP[L LQLYJLY KL LZJtW[PJV ` KL OLKVUPZ[H HS [PLTWV L PUJS\ZV ZVUYLPY +L SH HS[\YH KL 2LU[YPKNL YLZ\S[H `H PTWVZPISL K\KHY 3H ZVSPKLa KL Z\ VIYH UV KLQH KL JVUMPYTHYZL VIYH [YHZ VIYH H|V [YHZ H|V ,U LZ[L WYV`LJ[V ZVIYL LS [PLTWV SH OPIYPKHJP}U J\S[\YHS Z\KHMYPJHUH SVZ VYxNLULZ KLS JPUL ` SH TLJmUPJH J\mU[PJH KLZ[HJH KL U\L]V SH T‚ZPJH KL 7OPSPW 4PSSLY JVTW\LZ[H WHYH LZ[H PUZ[HSHJP}U <UH YLJVTLUKHJP}U! Z\Z SLJ[\YLZ KL /HY]HYK ZVU PULS\KPISLZ WHYH X\PLU X\PLYH JVU[PU\HY WLUZHUKV LS HY[L JVU[LTWVYmULV ` LZ[L [YHIHQV LU WHY[PJ\SHY

0N\HSTLU[L L_PSPHKH LU LS LZWHJPV JVU[PN\V HS KL 2LU[YPKNL ZL LUJ\LU[YH SH PUZ[HSHJP}U KL ]PKLV [YPJHUHS 4\Z[LY 7H[YVULZ KL *SLTLUZ ]VU >LKLTL`LY ;YLZ WLSxJ\SHZ X\L ZL WYV`LJ[HU ZPT\S[mULHTLU[L ` X\L OH` X\L ]LY Z\JLZP]HTLU[L V UV LU SHZ X\L ZL UHYYHU [YLZ TVTLU[VZ


KPZ[PU[VZ KLS TVUHZ[LYPV ILULKPJ[PUV KL )YLP[LUH\ \U W\LISV JLYJHUV H 2HZZLS KVUKL LS LKPMPJPV YLSPNPVZV JVU VYxNLULZ LU LS ZPNSV ?00 [YHZ ZLY YLJVU]LY[PKV LU WYPZP}U LU [PLTWVZ KLS UHaPZTV ZPY]P} KL JHTWV KL JVUJLU[YHJP}U YLMVYTH[VYPV WHYH JOPJHZ [YHZ SH N\LYYH ` MPUHSTLU[L JVTV JSxUPJH WZPX\Pm[YPJH *HKH MPST J\LU[H \UV KL LZ[VZ ‚S[PTVZ LWPZVKPVZ H [YH]tZ KL SVZ TPZTVZ HJ[VYLZ X\L ]PHQHU LU LS [PLTWV 3LQVZ KLS JLU[YV WLYV TLUVZ LU \U HU[PN\V LKPMPJPV MPUHUJPLYV ZL LUJ\LU[YH SH PUZ[HSHJP}U KL ;HJP[H +LHU -H[PN\LZ \UH ZLYPL KL NYHUKLZ WPaHYYHZ ZVIYL SHZ X\L ]LTVZ KPI\QHKHZ JVU [PaH SHZ PTWYLZPVUHU[LZ TVU[H|HZ KL (MNHUPZ[mU ` Z\Z YxVZ +L OLJOV LZ[H VIYH Z\IZ[P[\`L H SH WLSxJ\SH X\L SH HY[PZ[H OHIxH WSHUPMPJHKV PUPJPHSTLU[L ` X\L [YHZ LS YVKHQL YLZ\S[} LZ[HY KLTHZPHKV KLMLJ[\VZH WHYH Z\ L_OPIPJP}U ,U LS WHYX\L 2HYSZH\L OH` TmZ KL \UH JPUJ\LU[LUH KL VIYHZ SH TH`VYxH LU JHZP[HZ KL THKLYH PUZ[HSHKHZ L_ WYVMLZV WHYH JHKH HY[PZ[H ` X\L L_PNLU WVY SV TLUVZ \UH TH|HUH ,U[YL LSSHZ KLZ[HJHYLTVZ SHZ WLYMVYTHUJLZ LSLJ[YVHJ‚Z[PJHZ KLS T‚ZPJV ;HYLR ([V\P LS NPNHU[LZJV WH[xI\SV TVU[HKV WVY :HT +\YHU[ SH PUZ[HSHJP}U KL ]xKLVZ `H JVUVJPKVZ KL 1VHU 1VUHZ LS NYHU JHU[V YVKHKV JVSVJHKV WVY .P\ZLWWL 7LUVUL ZVIYL \U mYIVS HY[PMPJPHS V SVZ ZLPZ TL[YVZ KL HS[\YH KLS TVU[}U KL IHZ\YH J\IPLY[V JVU [PLYYH WSHU[HZ ` HSN‚U UL}U X\L LS WLRPUtZ :VUN +VU OH JVSVJHKV LU LS JLU[YV KLS WYHKV MYLU[L H SH 6YHUNLYPL ` JVU LS [x[\SV +VPUN 5V[OPUN \UH TVU[H|H IVUZHP JVTV TVU\TLU[V H SH JP]PSPaHJP}U ,U LZ[L ‚S[PTV LKPMPJPV LU[YL PUU\TLYHISLZ HWHYH[VZ JPLU[xMPJVZ UVZ LUJVU[YHTVZ xUKPJLZ KLS [YHIHQV KL \U WLYZVUHQL T\` UV[HISL! ,YRRP 2\YLUUPLTP 4H[LTm[PJV MxZPJV U\JSLHY L_WLY[V LU [LJUVSVNxHZ KPNP[HSLZ PU]LU[VY JPULHZ[H M\[\Y}SVNV ` \UV KL SVZ WPVULYVZ KL SH T‚ZPJH LSLJ[Y}UPJH 3H 5L\L .HSSLYPL HSILYNH HSN\UHZ KL SHZ WLYSHZ KL LZ[H L_WVZPJP}U! UV OH` X\L WLYKLYZL SVZ ]PKLVZ KL >HLS :OH^R` *HIHYL[ *Y\ZHKLZ \U WYV`LJ[V PUPJPHKV LU KL WLSxJ\SHZ KL HUPTHJP}U ZVIYL SHZ JY\aHKHZ KLZKL LS W\U[V KL ]PZ[H mYHIL ` YVKHKH JVU \UHZ THYH]PSSVZHZ THYPVUL[HZ ;HTWVJV OH` X\L WLYKLYZL SH PTWVULU[L PUZ[HSHJP}U KLS JHUHKPLUZL .LVMMYL` -HYTLY JVTW\LZ[H KL TPSLZ KL YLJVY[LZ KL PTmNLULZ WYVJLKLU[LZ KL LQLTWSHYLZ KL JPUJV KLJLUPVZ KL SH YL]PZ[H UVY[LHTLYPJHUH 3PML <U MLZ[xU KL PTmNLULZ PUPN\HSHISL 9LTHYJHISL YLZ\S[H [HTIPtU LS [YHIHQV ZVIYL YL[YH[VZ KL SLZIPHUHZ ULNYHZ ` [YHUZL_\HSLZ Z\KHMYPJHUVZ KL AHULRL 4\OVSP


,U SH +VJ\TLU[H /HSSL LUJVU[YHTVZ VIYH WVJV PU[LYLZHU[L KL HY[PZ[HZ X\L Zx SVZ ZVU WVY KPZ[PU[VZ JVUJLW[VZ! .\Z[H] 4L[aNLY PTW\SZVY KLS HY[L H\[VKLZ[Y\J[P]V LU SVZ ZLZLU[H @ LS KPZL|HKVY HSLTmU ;OVTHY )H`YSL JVU SH WPLaH TmZ NYHUKL KL [VKH SH L_WVZPJP}U" V SH L[xVWL UVY[LHTLYPJHUH 1\SPL 4LOYL[\ JVU Z\Z NYHUKLZ JVTWVZPJPVULZ IHZHKHZ LU LS KPI\QV HYX\P[LJ[}UPJV 3HZ THYH]PSSVZHZ WYPUJLZHZ IHJ[YPHUHZ WYVJLKLU[LZ KL (MNHUPZ[mU 7LX\L|HZ WPLaHZ KL OHJL J\H[YV TPS H|VZ LU KPMLYLU[LZ [PWVZ KL WPLKYH LUJHQHKHZ KL \UH KLSPJHKLaH Z}SV JVTWHYHISL H HSN\UHZ WVYJLSHUHZ JOPUHZ KL WHYLJPKH HU[PNÂ…LKHK :L LUJ\LU[YHU LU SH YV[VUKH KLS -YLKPYPJPHU\T LS LKPMPJPV JLU[YHS ` TmZ UVISL KL SH L_WVZPJP}U ,U SH WSHU[H IHQH LS HIPNHYYHTPLU[V KL WPLaHZ ` NLU[LZ LU SH YV[VUKH ZPLTWYL OH` X\L OHJLY JVSH WHYH LU[YHY `H X\L LZ[m JLYYHKH JVU \U JYPZ[HS JVU[YHZ[H JVU LS YLZ[V X\L LZ[m WYmJ[PJHTLU[L ]HJxV ,U \U YPUJ}U KL \UH ZHSH NYHUKL Q\U[V H SH LU[YHKH LUJVU[YHTVZ [YLZ WLX\L|HZ WPLaHZ KL 1\SPV .VUamSLa KL SVZ H|VZ [HS ` JVTV OHIxHU ZPKV L_W\LZ[HZ LU SH ZLN\UKH +VJ\TLU[H LU LU \U HJ[V KL YLWL[PJP}U X\L PU]P[H H \U ]PHQL LU LS [PLTWV ,U V[YV YPUJ}U KL SH ZHSH VW\LZ[H \UH JHY[H THU\ZJYP[H KLS HY[PZ[H 9`HU .HUKLY X\L YLJPIP} LS LUJHYNV 3H ¸PUZ[HSHJP}U¹ ZL [P[\SH 0 5LLK :VTL 4LHUPUN 0 *HU 4LTVYPaL ;OL 0U]PZPISL 7\SS `


LZ[m OLJOH SP[LYHSTLU[L KL HPYL LZ[V LZ KL \U ]PLU[LJPSSV HY[PMPJPHS KPMxJPS KL WLYJPIPY X\L ZL Z\WVUL LTW\QH HS LZWLJ[HKVY 3H ]LYKHK LZ X\L J\HUKV \UV LTWPLaH SH ]PZP[H H LZ[H KVJ\TLU[H WVY HX\x [YHZ YLJVYYLY SH WSHU[H IHQH ZL [LTL X\L [VKV SV KLTmZ ZLH KLS TPZTV [LUVY IHUHS 7VY Z\LY[L UV LZ HZx ` LU LS LKPMPJPV HKLTmZ KL HSN\UHZ VIYHZ HU[LZ TLUJPVUHKHZ JVTV LS J\YH KL SHZ THUaHUHZ ]HSL SH WLUH LU[YL[LULYZL LU LS NYHU [HWPa KL .VZORH 4HJ\NH JVU LS WHSHJPV KL SH YLPUH KL 2HI\S JVTV MVUKV" LU SH VIYH KL 0KH (WWSLIYVVN" LS HY[L WV]LYH KL (SPNOLYV )VL[[P" SHZ HJ\HYLSHZ KL 4HYPHUH *HZ[PSSV +LIHSS" SHZ LZJLUVNYHMxHZ ULVIHYYVJHZ KL 3S`U -V\SRLZ" SH PUZ[HSHJP}U KL 2OHSLK /V\YHUP ZVIYL SH WYPTLYH L_WVZPJP}U KL 7PJHZZV LU 9HTHSSHO LU Q\UPV KL ` [VKV SV X\L JVTWVY[H ¸UV JVUJLW[\HSTLU[L¹ Z\ \IPJHJP}U LU LS ISHUJV ` LS JHZP ]HJPV KL SH WYPTLYH WSHU[H KLS -YPKLYPJPHU\T" SVZ NYHMVZ ZVIYL SH JVYY\WJP}U KL 4HYR 3VTIHYKP" SH ZHSH KL ZLTPUHYPV KL *OYPZ[VWO 4LURL" SHZ YL[xJ\SHZ [YPKPTLUZPVUHSLZ KL IHTI‚ KL :VWOLHW 7PJO" SVZ MYHNTLU[VZ KL SVZ )\KHZ KL )HTP`HU KPUHTP[HKVZ WVY SVZ [HSPIHULZ ` YLJ\WLYHKVZ WVY 4PJOHLS 9HRP^P[a" SHZ WPU[\YHZ KL PUZWPYHJP}U HIVYPNLU KL SVZ H\Z[YHSPHUVZ +VYLLU 9LPK 5HRHTHYYH ` >HYSPTWPYYUNH ;QHWHS[QHYYP" V SVZ [HWPJLZ KLU\UJPH[VYPVZ KL SH UVY\LNH /HUUHO 9`NNLU 7LYV SV TmZ PTWYLZPVUHU[L HX\x LZ SH ZLSLJJP}U KL NV\HJOLZ KL SVZ J\HKLYUVZ KL KL *OHYSV[[L :HSVTVU 3PML& VY ;OLH[LY& ( WSH` ^P[O 4\ZPJ Q\KxH HSLTHUH HZLZPUHKH LU (\ZJO^P[a KYHTH[\YNH WPU[VYH ` LZJYP[VYH X\L JYL} \UH VIYH JVU HWHYPLUJPH KL VWLYL[H YLJ\WLYHKH LU LS Z\Y KL -YHUJPH [YHZ SH N\LYYH X\L UV WLY[LULJL H UPUN‚U TLKPV V NtULYV LU WHY[PJ\SHY


*VUJS\PTVZ `H /LNLS WYL[LUKxH X\L SH VYNxH ImX\PJH LU SH X\L ZL KLZWSPLNH SH ]LYKHK LZ [HTIPtU \UH [YHUZWHYLU[L ` ZPTWSL X\PL[\K ;HS ]La [\]PLYH YHa}U ;YHZ SHZ KLZTLZ\YHZ ` SVZ L_JLZVZ KL SH L_WVZPJP}U \UH ]La KLWVZP[HKV LS WVS]V SL]HU[HKV WVY SVZ KVZ TPSSVULZ KL WPLZ X\L SH OHIYmU ]PZP[HKV W\LKL X\L X\LKL \UH JVUZ[LSHJP}U ZPTWSL ` X\PL[H ZPLTWYL `H T\LY[H ZPLTWYL W\UJ[\T KL \U TVTLU[V [LTWVYHS LS U\LZ[YV KLZX\PJPHKV ` LU KLZIVYKHTPLU[V


=V[HTVZ WVY X\L [VKV LZ[L THNUV WV[LUJPHS KL MVYTHJP}U HY[xZ[PJH ZL KPZWVUNH LU SH YLK ` Kt S\NHY H U\L]HZ JVUZ[LSHJPVULZ HOVYH Zx JVU SVZ IYPSSVZ WYVWPVZ KLS LZJLW[PJPZTV X\L ZVU SVZ KL SH ]HJPSHJP}U ` LS [PU[PULV 4PLU[YHZ 2HZZLS X\LYxH PUH\N\YHYZL JVU \U TL[LVYP[V KL [VULSHKHZ SVZ JPLU[xMPJVZ KLZJ\IYxHU \UH UHUVWHY[xJ\SH X\L WVKYxH SSLNHY H YL]LSHY SHZ S[PTHZ YHaVULZ KLS


Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.