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How those six systems work together to keep our body alive…………
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By: Anika Nayak Period 1
Digestive System The purpose of the digestive system is to break down the food into nutrients which provide energy for our cells and can be used as building materials. work m e t s y S e Digestiv e h t s e o d ntain w i a Ho m o t s m yste with other s tasis? homeos
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The digestive system helps the circulatory system by providing it nutrients in order for the heart to keep beating. This maintains homeostasis because the body can respond to change if all of the organs get the proper nutrients they need, especially the heart to function properly.
The digestive system helps the respitory system by providing the diaphragm nutrients in order to maintain the breathing process. This maintains homeostasis because the body can respond to change if it is stable and the nutrients in the food we eat can support our body.
How can this negatively affect homeostasis? The infection of the stomach or intestine is called gastroenteritis which mainly occurs when contaminated food is consumed. Usually meat and poultry that is not cooked properly or is left in a place at room temp. for at least two hours causes inflammation in the stomach when consumed. This can negatively affect homeostasis because the bacteria spreads around the stomach which means it can not digest the food properly to go through the intestine, which absorbs all the important nutrients for our organs to function properly.
Digestive System
Watch this system in process!
Once you chew your food, the salivary glands make a liquid called saliva, which is made up of many substances and enzymes.
When you eat something, you have to chew it down. Most people don’t know that most of the digestion happens in your mouth. There are two types of digestion, mechanical and chemical. Mechanical digestion is the mushing, breaking, and crunching of food while chemical digestion is when bigger molecules of food are crushed down into smaller molecules so food can pass through the bloodstream.
After the food turns into a liquidly mixture called chyme, it goes down the small intestine where all the important nutrients are absorbed.
The pancreas then makes fluids that crush down every type of substance found in foods-carbs, proteins, fats, and nucleic acids.
The liver makes and releases an important chemical called bile-stored in the gall bladder which breaks up fat droplets.
The stomach is like a flexible bag that scrunches your food and contains acids and enzymes to kill bacteria and break down proteins.
The large intestine collects the water and other nutrients while the solid food is mostly waste.
Once the food is swallowed in your mouth, it slides through your throat and ends up in a tube called the esophagus. Peristalsis which are waves of muscle contractions move the food along to the stomach.
Skeletal System The purpose of this system is to support and protect our body and allow it to move . ith w r k a in o m w aint e t ys to m s s th i s tems sis? s o e r sy o s t a d e e Ho w e oth ho m th
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The skeletal system helps the circulatory system by protecting the heart and allowing the bone marrow to produce red blood cells. This helps maintain homeostasis because the skeletal system
The skeletal system helps the respitory system by protecting the trachea, diaphragm, and vocal cords. This helps maintain homeostasis so the body can respond to change if all the organs are protected by the bones, so if anything strong physically offends the body, it should be able to defend itself.
How can this negatively affect homeostasis? When bacteria enters the bone, possibly through an open fracture, or when a sharp, infected object pierces through the skin to the bone, it becomes infected which is called osteomyelitis. If it is not treated, it can deform the bone permanently, which can affect any other bone in the body.
Skeletal System Parts of the Skeletal System •
Bones – Bones have blood vessels that supply the good nutrients: nerves which help you feel pain when you get hurt. All age humans except for babies have 206 bones, babies have about 300 bones, but when they grow the bones connect together.
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Cartilage – Cartilage is the tough, flexible tissue found at the end of bones which allows them to move smoothly across each other. Your ears and nose is made out of this tissue which does not contain any blood vessels.
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Ligaments – Ligaments is the stretchy strand of tissue that holds bones together. These strands allow the bones to move and also are found at the end of the bone.
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Joints – Joints are the place where more than two bones connect. There are many kinds of joints which help the bones stay stable while still connected to the main skeleton of the body. -Ball-and-socket joints are the joints in our shoulders and hips where a ball on our bones fits inside a little cup socket which can move into any direction. -Hinged joints which work like door hinges can move in one direction only and are found in fingers, elbows, and knees. -Pivot joints in our neck rotates one bone against another.
Muscular System The purpose of the muscular system is to allow our body to move and be flexible. em t s sy r s i th othe ain s oe ith aint d w m w Ho work s to asis? m ost e t e sys hom
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The muscular system helps the skeletal system by having the skeletal muscles move bones and the tendons connect the muscle to the bone so the bone can remain stable and maintain a balance. This helps with homeostasis because the body can respond to change when the body is healthy, and for the body to be healthy, the muscles has to be in place.
The muscular system helps the digestive system by having the smooth muscle which is located in the esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines move the food move throughout the digestion organs. This helps with homeostasis because the body can respond to change when the muscles are functioning properly to help us digest our food.
How can this negatively affect homeostasis?
Pathogen: Bacterial
Pyomyositis is muscle infection and usually occurs when bacteria circulates in the bloodstream until it reaches a muscle, which then multiplies in the muscle tissue, causing it to be unstable which can lead to a physical dysfunction.
Muscular System Types of muscles: Cardiac Muscle - This muscle is the tissue that makes up the heart and
can never get tired. Cardiac Muscle cells are able to contract and relax without ever getting tired which allows the heart to keep pumping 24/7.
Skeletal Muscle – The skeletal muscle is attached to our bones and allows us to move since we have control of that muscle. Since most of our skeletal muscles work around a joint – (pair of bones) so, while one muscle is contracting, another one is relaxing.
Smooth Muscle – Smooth muscle is found in organs inside of our body and blood vessels which helps move materials throughout our body. Veins and arteries have a layer of smooth muscle that can contract and relax.
Tendons – The strong strands of tissue that connects the muscle to a bone.
Respitory System The purpose of the respitory system is to take in oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide.
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The respitory system helps the nervous system by providing oxygen to the brain so it can think and control all the other systems of the body which effects the whole body to become stable and respond to change. This helps with homeostasis since oxygen is very important for our blood which removes wastes.
The respitory system helps the muscular system by providing it oxygen so the muscles-skeletal, cardiac, and smooth can function properly. This helps our body respond to change (homeostasis) because oxygen helps our muscles properly to maintain a balance.
What negatively affects homeostasis? Pathogen: Viral Viral lung infections are caused by viruses which cause a cold or flu that is responsible for causing pneumonia – which is a disease that occurs when you breathe in deadly viruses. When you have pneumonia, the alveoli will fill pus or fluid which make it difficult for breathing.
Respitory System
Since the larynx is connected to a thinwalled tube called a trachea, it carries the air into the lungs. Once the air goes through the larynx which is the part of our throat that olds our vocal cords, sound is vibrated; creating the voice.
The trachea splits into two branches called bronchi. Then the air goes through the bronchus which is connected to each lung.
Alveoli are tiny sacs which the bronchioles leads to in the lungs. They are surrounded by blood vessels.
When you inhale air into your nose, it enters the pharynx which is divided into two tubes. One that leads through the esophagus into the stomach, and one called the larynx which leads to the lungs.
Cardiovascular System The purpose of the circulatory system is to transport blood to all the organs in the body. ork w t em s t o s y is s ystem s? h t oes ther s ostasi d o How h the home wit intain ma
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The circulatory works with the respitory system by moving the oxygen and glucose around the body so the cells can do their work. This helps with homeostasis since the blood helps transport oxygenated blood to different areas in the heart so the body can respond to change.
The circulatory works with the muscular system since the heart is a cardiac muscle and never gets tired; smooth muscle is located in the veins and arteries. This helps with homeostasis since the heart pumps blood to send chemical messages so our body can get what nutrients we need.
How can this negatively affect homeostasis? Pathogen : Viral
Myocarditis is a heart infection caused by different viruses and diseases which invades the muscle to cause inflammation. Myocarditis can negatively affect homeostasis if it is not treated properly since it can then cause heart failure due to weakening of the cardiac muscle.
Circulatory System Capillaries deliver the oxygenated blood to the body cells and take the de – oxygenated blood away from the body cells.
An artery is a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.
The left atrium takes in oxygenated blood from the lungs.
The right atrium takes in deoxygenated blood from other parts of the body.
Red blood cells bring oxygen to every cell in your body since all cells need oxygen to live and function.
The right ventricle pumps the deoxygenated blood into the lungs.
Veins carry the deoxygenated blood to the heart. The heart is the cardiac muscle that pumps blood and sends it all around the body. Blood is a connective tissue that is pumped out of the heart and serves as a transport system which carries materials for cells, removes wastes, and carries chemical messages to maintain homeostasis for the cells. The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to parts of the body.
Nervous System The purpose of the nervous system is to control the actions and reactions from the body in response to stimuli from the environment. ith w ks i n r o w nta m e ai t s m y s s s to i h w t ystem ? o H rs is s e a h ot eost hom
Digestive
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The Nervous system works with the digestive system due to the Medulla which is located inside the brain stem which controls involuntary muscle movementdigestion. This helps with homeostasis since the control center sends messages through the nerves to control in-voluntary actions.
The nervous system works with the skeletal and muscular system due to the brain-cerebrum controlling movement and the cerebellum controlling voluntary actions. The spinal cord delivers the messages from the brain to the rest of the body through the nerves which helps with homeostasis since the control center communicates with both the skeletal and muscular.
How does this negatively affect homeostasis?
Pathogen : Viral
Viral meningitis causes a type of brain infection which causes inflammation of the area contaminated. If not treated, this can result in a learning disability, speech defects, or hearing loss.
Nervous System The brain is the body’s main command organ.
The spinal cord allows the brain to communicate to the rest of the body.
The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord which processes information.
Nerves connect the brain to every part of the body. The peripheral nervous system which is made up of all the nerves connect the spinal cord and brain to the rest of the body.