Systems and Systems Hand in Hand
Kristine Kane Period 5
Systems and Systems Hand in Hand
Table of Contents Title
Page Number
Skeletal System
3-4
Muscular System
5-6
Circulatory (Cardiovascular) System Respiratory System
7-8 9-10
Digestive System
11-12
Nervous System
13-14
Citations
15
Skeletal System Skeletal System- The skeletal system protects our vital organs such as the brain, the heart, and the lungs. It gives us the shape that we have. It allows us to move.
Pathogen- Cytomegalovirus Infection: A cytomegalovirus can cause skeletal-muscular pain and then appearance of a sore throat. The virus can pass from an infected, pregnant mother to her child through the shared blood supply.
Homeostasis- The skeletal, respiratory, and circulatory systems work together to maintain homeostasis because the respiratory system provides oxygen in the blood to the heart. The circulatory system has blood which removes wastes so cells can maintain homeostasis. The skeletal system protects the heart and the trachea, vocal cords and diaphragm.
Vocabulary
Bones- Bones give your body structure, let you move in many ways, and protect your initial organs. Cartilage- Cartilage is a soft flexible skeletal tissue that helps hold bones together. Joints- Joints occur where two bones meet. They make the skeleton flexiblewithout them, movement would be impossible. Ligaments- Our bones are held together by strong stretchy bands called ligaments. These tissues prevent the bones from being dislocated or from extending beyond their proper range of movement.
Muscular System- The muscular system is mostly made of the muscles that allow your body to move and be flexible. Other muscles move materials inside your body. Pathogen- Myositis: Viral infections are the most common infections causing Myositis. Myositis refers to any condition causing inflammation in muscles. Homeostasis- The muscular system works with the skeletal system because skeletal muscles move bone and tendons connect muscle to bone. The muscular system works with the digestive system because smooth muscle is found in the esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines.
Muscular System
Vocabulary Cardiac- Cardiac muscle is the tissue that makes up the heart. Skeletal- Skeletal muscle is attached to your bones and allows you to move. You have control over your skeletal muscle. Smooth- Smooth muscle is found in internal organs and blood vessels. It helps move materials through the body. Tendon- The tough strand of tissue that connects a muscle to a bone is called a tendon.
Pathogen- Sepsis: Bacterial infections are the most common cause of Sepsis. Sepsis is a serious medical condition caused by an overwhelming immune response to infection.
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Homeostasis- The circulatory system works with the respiratory system because it moves oxygen and glucose around the body so cells can work. The circulatory system works with the muscular because it moves wastes so they can be disposed by the body.
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Circulatory System- Your heart, blood, and blood vessels make up your circulatory system, which transports blood around your body.
Vocabulary Heart- The heart is the pump that sends blood around the body. Atrium- The right atrium receives oxygen-poor blood from the body while the left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs. Ventricle- The right venticle pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs and the left ventricle pumps oxygen-rich blood to the body. Arteries- An artery is a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. Arteries have thick walls with a layer of smooth muscle. Veins- A vein is a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart. Caprillaries- Caprillaries deliver oxygen-rich blood to body cells and take oxygen-poor blood away from body cells. Blood- Blood is a type of connective tissue that is part of the cardiovascular system. It serves as a transport system, providing supplies for cells, carrying chemical messages, and removing wastes so cells can maintain homeostasis. Red Blood Cells- They are disk-shaped and they bring oxygen to every cell in your body.
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Homeostasis- The respiratory system works with the nervous system because it removes carbon dioxide and water that the brain cells produce as waste products. The respiratory system works with the muscular system because it provides oxygen so muscles can go and do work.
Respiratory System
Vocabulary Pharynx- From the nose, air flows into the pharynx, or throat. The pharynx branches into two tubes. One tube, the esophagus, leads to the stomach. The other tube, called the larynx, leads to the lungs. Larynx- The larynx is part of the throat that holds the vocal cords. Trachea- The larynx is connected to a large tube called the trachea, or windpipe. Air flows from the larynx to the trachea to the lungs. Bronchi- The trachea splits into two branches called the bronchi. One bronchi connects to each lung. Alveoli- In the lungs, the bronchioles lead to tiny sacs called alveoli. As you breathe, air is sucked into and forced out of the alveoli.
Digestive System Digestive System -The digestive system breaks down the food that you eat into nutrients that can be used as building materials and that can provide energy for cells. PathogenGastroenteritis: In gastroenteritis, your stomach and intestines are irritated and inflamed. The cause is typically a viral or bacterial infection.
Homeostasis- The digestive system works with the circulatory system because it provides the heart with nutrients so that it can continue beating. The digestive system works with the respiratory system because it provides the diaphragm nutrients in order to facilitate breathing.
Vocabulary Mouth- Digestion begins in the mouth with both mechanical and chemical digestion. Teeth with the help of strong jaw muscles, break and crush foods. Saliva- As you chew, food is moistened by a liquid called saliva. Glands in your mouth make saliva. Saliva contains many substances, including an enzyne that begins the chemical digestion of starches in food. Esophagus- Once food has been chewed, it is swallowed. The food moves through the throat and into a large tube called the esophagus. Stomach- The stomach is a muscular bag that crushes food and contains acids and enzymes for killing bacteria and breaking down proteins. Pancreas- The pancreas makes fluids that break down every type of material found in foods: proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and nucleic acids. Liver- The liver makes and releases a mixture called bile that is then stored in the gall bladder. Small Intestines- The small intestine is a muscular tube where most chemical digestion takes place and most nutrients are stored. Large Intestines- In the large intestine, water and nutrients are absorbed.
Nervous System- The nervous system is made of the structures that control the actions and reactions of the body in response to stimuli from the enviroment
Nervous System Homeostasis- The nervous system works with the digestive system because the medulla, located in the brain stem, controls involuntary muscle movement-digestion. The nervous system works with the musculoskeltal system because in the brain, the cerebrum controls movement and the cerebellum controls volunterry movement. The spinal cord delivers the messages from the brain to the rest of the body.
Pathogen- Rabies: Rabies is an infection cused by a virus. It affects the brain and the spinal cord of mammals, including humans. Animals that are infected with rabies can spread the virus through their saliva or brain tissue.
Vocabulary PNS- Your PNS connects your CNS to the rest your body. The PNS has two main parts- the sensory part and the motor part. CNS-The brain and the spinal cord make up the CNS. Nerves- A nerve is a collection of nerve cell extensions bundled together with blood vessels and connective tissue. Brain- The brain is the body’s central command organ. It constantly receives impulses from all over the body. Spinal Cord- Your spinal cord allows your brain to communicate with the rest of your body.
Citations o www.stpeters.k12.nf.ca/skeletal_system.htm o www.kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/bones.html o www.webmd.com
o www.rsd.edu/schools/carmichael/masters/pdf/hws
o http://ebooks.infobasepublishing.com/Default.aspx o Frank, Marjorie. Florida Science. 6. Orlando: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2012. Print.