36 3 ANALYSIS OF BAT EFFECTIVENESS FROM A VALUE CHAIN PERSPECTIVE
Figure 10. Food Processing and Manufacturing Flow Diagram
These issues may be addressed in BAT for the food industry. Relevant documents include:
The EU BREF for Food, Drink, and Milk Industries17 covers the treatment and processing of animal and vegetable raw materials, and milk. The independently operated and combined treatment of wastewater originating from these activities is also covered. (Santonja, German Giner et al, 2019[45]).
The US BAT regulations18 for air emissions from the food industry cover manufacturing nutritional yeast, prepared feed manufacturing, and solvent extraction for vegetable oil production. Additional technology-based air emission standards apply to new or reconstructed grain elevators. BAT regulations for discharges to water from the food industry cover canned and preserved fruits and vegetable processing, canned and preserved seafood processing, diary product processing, grain mills, meat and poultry product processing, and sugar processing.
The Russian BREF for food production 19 covers activities including processing and preserving of meat and meat food products, of fruits and vegetables, production of vegetable and animal oil and fat, and manufacture of other food product (e.g., sugar production) (Rosstandart, 2017[49]). The Russian BREF for beverages, milk and dairy products 20 covers the production of milk and dairy product, and ice cream production (Rosstandart, 2017[50]).
China has a BREF for the sugar industry21 that proposes feasible technologies for the prevention and control of emission gas, wastewater, solid waste and noise from sugar industry installations (MEE, 2019[51]).
The above documents and regulations address environmental issues associated with the food manufacturing value chain in various ways. The reduction of waste and wastewater by recycling and the control of the hazardous substances through the chain are the parts of themes in value chain consideration for food and beverage manufacturing. The integration of value chain considerations in BAT guidance and regulations varies from country to country. Relating to upstream considerations,
BEST AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES (BAT) FOR PREVENTING AND CONTROLLING INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION © OECD 2022
