O.N.E - July 2009

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Oxfam News E-magazine

09 20

THE EDUCATION ISSUE • • • • • • •

From driver to manager

Training opportunities in Zambia A new board game on Hong Kong poverty Education with ethnic minorities in Vietnam Schooling for home-alone children in China Climate change awareness and action A new CSR guidebook for the garment industry A new book on basic education

By Navin Vasudev and Neal McKenna

Most people see NGOs as making

It had been 12 years since he had been

and Geography. I got a mere pass in

Stephen reflects on the change,

c h a n g e s i n p e o p l e ’s li v e s . Ye t ,

a student. HODI covered tuition and

Mathematics.” When Stephen took

“I don’t even want to think of how

sometimes the change happens from

examination fees of about 1.1 million

extra classes to prepare for university,

terrible life might have been if I had

within, as at HODI, a nationwide

Zambian Kwacha (about US$200) on

he also managed to get a distinction in

continued as a taxi driver,” he says

NGO based in Lusaka, the capital of

the condition that if Stephen failed

Mathematics, and in 2006, he earned a

emphatically. “So many people have

Zambia.

the exams, he would have to pay

diploma in Sociology. All the while, he

helped me transform my life. I had the

back the loan. “It was a challenge!”

still worked full-time at HODI. “There

ambition, but not the resources. I am

he smiled.

was no choice. I have a wife and three

so grateful.”

Born the first of 12 children in 1974, Stephen Mumbi was fortunate e n o u g h to a chi eve a 9 th g ra d e

“I went back to secondary school

education before he had to leave

in 2004 and matriculated in 2007. I

school to help support his family:

was totally lost at the beginning, but

His work life changed along

with wisely, because they shape your

His father had been injured in a

I made up my mind I would make it…

with his educational achievements.

thinking. Believe in yourself and get

road accident and could not work.

Sometimes I used my per diem (from

By 2007, Stephen Mumbi was on

an education. It will improve your

Stephen first found a job as a daka-

HODI) to buy textbooks, supplies or

the programme staff. One project

well-being. Knowledge will pay you.

buy at construction sites, then as an

to hire a tutor…. I used to travel a lot

Stephen helped coordinate was an

It will give you understanding and

unlicensed taxi driver called a night-

– sometimes two weeks in the field

Oxfam-supported effort in Chiawa.

wisdom. Believe me, with education,

rider. “I liked the taxi work better,”

– and it might be examination time…

“I worked with various teams on the

your life will never be the same.”

he says. “But I kept promising myself

I got a lot of support from various

ground and with other community

I would complete my schooling.”

people as well as from HODI… and

organisations to help improve people’s

children. I couldn’t only be a student.

I had a family to support.”

In 1996, Stephen got a driver’s

by the beginning of the second term I

living standards.” By 2008, Stephen

licence to drive taxis and buses legally.

had started to catch up. By the end of

became a full Programme Officer and

For seven years, he continued to

that quarter, the principal was quite

started a BA in Development Studies

work the roads, with his dream of

impressed with me. He assured me I

at the Zambia Open University, and

an education slipping further and

would not fail… I worked hard and

this year, in 2009, he was promoted

further away. Then, by chance, one

received merits in English, Commerce

to Project Manager.

of his customers for whom he had been helping with postal pick-ups, deliveries and other tasks, introduced him to HODI. He was hired full-time, again as a driver.

When people at HODI discovered Stephen had not finished his schooling, they immediately encouraged him to return. “I was hesitant,” he admits.

“I was afraid I wouldn’t be able to do it – but this was my big opportunity.”

COVER: Children walking to school in southwest China

What advice does Mr. Mumbi give? “Choose people you relate

HODI, which means ‘may I come in’ in a Zambian language, works throughout rural Zambia, with a focus on food and income security. Navin Vasudev coordinates Oxfam Hong Kong’s projects in southern Africa from his base in Johannesburg, where Neal McKenna is a freelance writer. Oxfam Hong Kong has been supporting HODI www.hodi. org.zm since 2007.

Stephen Mumbi in 2009, as a manager with an Oxfam-supported NGO (left) and as a driver in the 1990s (right).Photographs courtesy of HODI.

Make a Living

By Paris Law

MAKE A LIVING is Oxfam Hong

information such as occupation,

people earning more than HK$9,000

Kong’s new board game, for ages

sex, age, education level, income

a month. The financial tsunami might

being of a person in Hong Kong.

Designed to be interactive, the

12 and up. It has been created so

level, family life and employment

mean a lay-off. Attending a Parents’

game provides an interesting platform

that people can really feel, and

situation (working on a contract /

Day at school would make children,

for participants to experience and

understand, the day-to-day lives of

temporary/permanent/self-employed

mothers and fathers happy, but a

discuss poverty and social development

low-income workers in Hong Kong:

basis, number of workdays and work

day’s wage might be lost.

issues, particularly the poverty faced

players experience a difficult reality

hours, monthly /daily wage, etc.).

After the game, players discuss the

by low -income worker s and the

where they have to make hard choices

Player s re ceive their s alar y and

financial situation and quality of life

inequity in Hong Kong society as a

with few resources. These decisions

then start, paying for rent, food,

of each role and review the incidents

whole.

further impact their quality of life,

transportation, childcare and more

that happened, the decisions made,

It has also been designed so that it

for themselves and for their family –

when the roll of the dice requires.

the consequences resulting, and

can be used as an educational material

where they live, what they eat, how

Like in the game Monopoly, there are

the feelings during the process.

in the “Today’s Hong Kong” module

healthy they are, how much money

opportunities to improve one’s assets

Participants learn about how insecure

in the Liberal Studies curriculum.

they can earn and save, and how

and resources, yet there are often

employment can be, the ins-and-

Teachers can further facilitate their

they feel about themselves and their

stipulations. The training programme

outs of the outsourcing system, the

students to voice out suggestions

spouses, children, neighbours and in

needed to keep one’s job and improve

inadequacies of Hong Kong’s labour

to improve the situation, possibly

society, in general.

one’s marketability as well as self-

policies and social security system,

through the media, through making

There are no winners or losers.

confidence costs HK$1,000. The 10 per

and overall, the marginalisation of

views known directly to government

Each player is given a role, with basic

cent tax reduction is only applicable to

poor people which affect the well-

officials, or by other means.

Listen to people who have played MAKE A LIVING:

MAKE A LIVING

Before playing the game, I thought poverty was far away

• For 4-8 players

from me. In fact, there is poverty in Hong Kong. The roots of

• Ages 12 and up

poverty might be caused by the attitudes of people in society.

• Created by Oxfam Hong Kong Interactive Education Centre

Having little education and little work experience makes it difficult to find a better job. I have to pay for my transportation, food and rent. I want to

To purchase (HK$50) or to borrow, contact Michael Leung (Tel: 852 3120 5180) http://www.cyberschool.oxfam.org.hk/resources.php?cat=8&id=8

improve the quality of life for my family, but I can’t because my salary is low.

The experience is so remarkable. I can’t believe that the choices of poor people are extremely limited. I faced a lot of difficulties to sustain my living in the game.

Oxfam News E-magazine July 2009

Lo Bun Nhong, an elderly O Du resident

Thai and Lao family name of ”Lo”.

values and beliefs on communities,

According to one elderly man in Vang

b u t re l y o n t r ul y p a r ti cip a to r y

Mon, young people are not sufficiently

methodologies to suppor t the

confident to identify themselves as O

aspirations of the people, rather than

Du. Almost no O Du people can speak

our own,” Chi emphasised. “Like other

their mother tongue, and instead use

minorities, the O Du have a unique and

Thai, Khmu or Vietnamese (Kinh). The

highly evolved culture which should be

O Du culture is fading.

respected and preserved.”

With no written records, some

Oxfam Hong Kong supports many

of the O Du culture and histor y

activities with ethnic minority groups

are remembered and passed along

in Vietnam, primarily to ensure their

through story and song, but these

basic and sustainable livelihood.

are heard less and less. One villager

Among the initiatives is a bi-lingual

interviewed by Oxfam Hong Kong said

education projec t with minorit y

he knows no traditional song and that

groups in Tuong Duong where Vang

only six or seven elderly men can speak

Mon is located. Tuong Duong is one

the O Du mother tongue fluently.

of the poorest districts in Nghe An,

“I only know a little bit of the O Du

which is one of the poorest provinces

language,” he admitted.

in the country.

Also vanishing is the knowledge

Oxfam Hong Kong’s project involves

of how to make brocade: only a few

the participation of education officials

elderly women are skilled in this, but

at the local, district and national

they feel too old to teach younger

level, as it is our aim to influence

generations. This is one reason why

government policies and curricula on

the O Du can no longer dress in their

ethnic minority education.

own traditional dress and instead follow the Thai way.

Keeping Cultures Alive: A Key to Development

Tung Lam and Thuy Lan

In the short term, the bilingual education is improving the quality of

“We worry about the day when

education for O Du children, which,

O Du culture disappears completely,”

in the future, is likely to improve their

said 71-year-old Lo Van Nghi. “I’m

quality of life: for them and for their

afraid that when the oldest people

families. To begin with, newly created

die, no one will be left to pass on the

bilingual teaching materials are being

language to the next generation.”

used at both the kindergarten- and

The O Du language belongs to

primary school-level, and later, the

the Mon- Khmer group. Children

materials, methods and models will be

find it hard to learn O Du, as the

replicated in more schools around the

Kinh language is used at school

district, province and country.

and Thai is spoken at home. Every

It goes without saying that the

year, under the provincial plan to

project is reviving the O Du community’s

preserve ethnic group traditions,

awareness of their indigenous culture,

specifically languages, they learn the

in all of its facets. Students, parents,

O Du language for a month but this

teachers and local authorities in Vang

has had little impact.

Mon are all becoming more aware of

“If we don’t speak our language,

In the past, the O Du lived on the

O x f a m H o n g Ko n g r e c e n t l y

we cease being O Du,” said Lo Bun

banks of the Nam Mo and Nam Non

conducted a study of the O Du culture.

Nhong, one of the oldest people in

rivers in Nghe An, but over time had

“Languages are culture,” said Nguyen

Vang Mon, a village nestled in the

been relocating to areas inhabited

Mai Chi, an Oxfam Hong Kong project

mountains of Nghe An Province, in

by other ethnic groups, and because

officer. “People may try to separate

central Vietnam. Vang Mon is the

of their small numbers, marrying

the two and focus only on culture,

only community in Vietnam inhabited

into these groups, mainly the Thai

but culture cannot develop alone.

entirely with O Du people.

or Khmu.

L anguage s should therefore b e

the O Du way of life.

Tung Lam and Thuy Lan are Vietnam-based journalists. They documented some of Oxfam Hong Kong’s projects in Vietnam, and their article was first published in the book, 20 Years of Partnership: Together for Change.

learned. If they are not spoken, they

Another O Du named Lo Van

Numbering around 570 people, O

Tan explained that when the State

Du is one of the least populous ethnic

adopted plans to build the Ban Ve

groups in the country, and in the

The s tudy gave Ox fam Hong

hydropower plant in Nghe An in

national census conducted in 1989,

Kong a deeper understanding of

2006, many O Du expressed a wish

many O Du declared themselves as

the O Du and identified ways for the

to move together into a new village,

Thai or Khmu. Their clothing often

development organisation to work

to preserve their traditional culture.

resembles traditional Thai clothing,

with ethnic minorities in general.

Vang Mon was born.

and all O Du people now use the

become neglected.”

“We should never impose our

Oxfam News E-magazine July 2009

n e r d l i h C e n o l a e m 5 Ho This is a letter sent by a village child in Gansu, China, whose parents now work in the cit y. The ruralurban migration has engulfed the country to such an extent that the phenomenon of village children being left home alone is fast becoming a norm, especially in the impoverished areas in the west. The Ministry of Agriculture estimates that only ten per cent of migrant workers bring their children along to the city: nationally, there are as many as 70 million children ‘left behind’.

If these kids live with anyone, it tends to be with their grandparents, who may be conscientious about taking care of everyday tasks, but who often do not sense the children’s emotional needs. Many children feel that they have no one to talk to, heart to heart.

Dea r Dad & Mom : nge r brot her and I can ’t rem emb er wha t you two look like ! You l com e and stay at our I mis s you very mu ch, and we hop e you wil Brot her is stil l youn g side fore ver. Bu t, I kno w this is imp ossib le. and I espe cial ly feel bad for him . we are very wel l.

Gra ndm a care s abou t us very mu ch and etim es her bac k is so How ever, she doe sn’t feel wel l late ly. Som lone ly. I cry ou tsid e pai nfu l tha t she has to stay in bed . I am whe nev er som eth ing the hou se whe nev er som eth ing trig gers me, etim es I am like a sad hap pen s. Nob ody und erst and s me. Som wil d kid . the pigs , clea n the Eve ry day af ter scho ol, I nee d to cook , feed her. It’s alre ady late at hou se and tak e care of gran dma and brot I am usu ally stud ying nigh t by the tim e I star t my hom ewo rk, and get a few hou rs of slee p, whe n gran dma and brot her are slee pin g. I gh I am tire d, I am the n get up and wal k to scho ol. Eve n thou may rest assu red. doin g as wel l as I did befo re in scho ol. You - You r dau gh ter, Hua hua (Pri mar y scho ol stud ent , Yea r 4)

Home-alone children in Gansu Photo courtesy of Lanzhou Community Development Center

In a recent survey, about onequarter of the left-behind kids say they rarely have a conversation with their guardian, nine per cent have no contact with their parents, and about two-thirds talk with their parents on the telephone every once in a while, with the call often lasting for less than three minutes.

In the impoverished northwest

“My mother lef t us on a day this March. The nigh t be fore, she cooked a lot of delicious food and told me af ter dinner, ‘Zhenlong, I h a v e to go tom orrow. You must study hard at school and take good care of your broth er.’ My broth er cri ed quietly and wiped the tears away wi th the back of his hand. I was sad too.

province of Gansu, where Huahua lives, an Oxfam-supported survey estimates there are about 600,000 left-behind children. Zhenlong also lives in Gansu.

O n t h e n e x t m orn i n g w hen I woke u p, she h ad a l re a d y l e f t. My broth e r and I yelled ‘mom’ in the front yard, bu t she couldn’t hear a word. We held each

oth e r a n d c ri e d , th e n w e n t to gra n d ma’s home w i th our belongings.

I have been so lonely ever si n ce. No on e te a ch es m e a t h o m e . Wh e n e v e r I se e m y sc h ool m a te s l ook i n g h a p p y with their parents, I feel a stir in my heart. Every time I come home, it is so quiet. My brother is still so young, and I can’t sh a re m y feeli ngs w i th h i m.

I miss my mother very much.

Hom e w i th ou t h e r is l i k e a home wi th nothing. I always h a v e a h a rd t i m e f a l l i n g asleep. Sometimes I cry quietly under the blanket.

Wi th my grandparents, we live in silence. We seldom talk.

I have been sick for the past few days, and I especially miss my mother now – she would take me to see a doctor and remind me to take pills on time. My grand ma doesn’t even notice I a m si c k . I re a l l y h op e m y mother can come home soon. It doesn’t matter at all if she can bring money back. I just hope we can live toge ther, and be happy together…”

- Zhenlong (a school composi tion w ri tten three months af ter he was lef t behind)

Oxfam News E-magazine July 2009

An Oxfam research shows that

In Leishan County of Guizhou,

children left behind by their mothers,

in the southwest, there are about

or by both parents, experience the

30,000 left behind children, out of a

most difficulty adapting. They may

population of about 150,000. Xuiying

b e co me un s o cial o r anti - s o cial,

and Kaifu, a sister and brother of the

emotionally unstable and sometimes

Miao ethnic minority, live alone in a

deviant: stealing, cutting classes, or

small village here, along the Nannao

getting involved with a gang. Girls

River.

tend to reveal more loneliness and anxiety than boys.

I n 20 0 4 , th eir p are nt s we nt eastward to work – to Zhejiang, near

Proportionally, there are more

Shanghai. Xiuying was 9, Kaifu, 13.

girls left behind than boys: if migrant

They see their parents once a year, at

workers can afford to bring one child

the Lunar New Year.

Xiuying and Kaifu at home, alone

with them to the city, they tend to

Nowadays, Xiuying does all the

choose the son and leave the daughter

housework t ypical to rural girls :

evening, she appears in front of his

in the village. Chunmei, a child in a

cooking, washing, cleaning. Kaifu

dorm with his meal. She keeps her

Gansu village, was one girl not taken

takes up the usual task for boys:

hair very tidy, and her clothes (and her

along – she was seven years old at the

collecting firewood.

brother’s) very clean.

time. She sent this letter to her parents in Xinjiang.

Their school is a three-hour walk

Xiuying likes to read, to herself

away, so they live in the village on

or to others, and is a good student,

the weekends and at school during

just like Huahua, the first left-behind

the week. Even at school, Xiuying

child in this article. The two girls

cooks: every morning, afternoon and

demonstrate the trend: statistically, left-behind children tend to do just

D ea r D ad & M om

as well academically as parented

,

children do.

Xiuying says that when her brother

H ow are yo u ? I am yo u r d au gh te r. D o yo u k n ow th a t I h av e n o d ad & I su pp os e m om a t al l? O th er ki d s h av e pa re n ve ry h ap py. W h en ts . T h ey are ca n I en jo y th is ki n d of w ar m th k n ow if I h av e ? I re al ly d on ’t pa re n ts . I h av e be en li vi n g w i th si n ce I w as ve ry gran d pa re n ts yo u n g. I a m a fr ai d of gr an d pa ’s th ou gh h e ac tu ba d te m pe r, al ly trea ts m e ve ry w el l. A m I yo ye s, w h y d on ’t yo u r d au gh te r? If u co m e ba ck to se e m e? D on ’t yo I w ou ld re al ly li u m is s m e a bi t? ke to li ve w i th yo u an d le ad a ot h er ch il d re n . li fe as h ap py as

graduates from Primar y Six , she will continue on by herself, and will graduate too. Instead of walking to school with him, she will join her friends, some of whose parents also work in a faraway city.

It is so cr u el of yo u to le av e m e a t h om e an d w or to ta ll y n eg le ct in k el se w h ere, g m e. I h av en ’t on ce ea te n a m ea yo u . H ow ca n yo u l prep ared by be so re le n tl ess w it h m e? I re m em yo u h ad n’ t ph on be re d th e ti m e ed m e fo r tw o w h ol e ye ar s. G ra n d if th ey d on ’t ca ll pa sa id , ‘I ’m ok m e. Bu t th ey d on ’t ev en ph on e yo u ru th le ss .’ I fe lt re on ce . It is to o al ly ba d li st en in g to gran d pa ’s co on se co n d th ou gh m pl ai n t, bu t t, I st ar te d to te ll m ys el f to fo rg m y ow n pa re n ts et i t, to fo rg et from n ow on . I w il l h a te yo u fo re n ev er be en re sp on ve r. Yo u h av e si bl e pa re n ts a t al l…

(P ri m ar y sc h oo l

- Ch u n m ei st u d en t, Ye ar 3)

The Gansu research was conducted by the Lanzhou Community Development Center; the first three case studies were extracted from this 193-page report. The Guizhou case study was recorded

by Oxfam Hong Kong. Additional data is from the School of Human Development at China Agriculture University. All texts written by home-alone/left-behind children.

Xiuying at school

Oxfam News E-magazine July 2009

OXFAM IN THE NEWS

Your Emissions Kill One hot summer afternoon, two

Hong Kong emits twice the global

human sculptures of ice stood in

per capita average of carbon dioxide,

the middle of Hong Kong’s financial

so as a society, we are responsible for

district, braving high temperatures,

more than our share of global warming

carbon emissions and rain. Their

and the rest of the changes in the

message: Don’t be cold-hearted and

world’s climate, such as more drought,

impassive – your emissions kill!

floods, c yclones and ver y erratic

T h e s u m m e r d ay wa s Wo rl d

weather. Each year, about 250 million

Environment Day, and this year, June

people are at risk of these climate

5th fell right in the middle of the

disasters. The ice sculptures represent

UN Climate Change talks in Bonn,

two of these 250 million people at risk

Germany.

of climate change and poverty.

OXFAM ACTION Stop Poverty Stop Climate Change campaign: www.oxfam.org.hk/ climatechange

For photos of the ice event: www.flickr.com/photos/oxfamhongkong/sets Stop Poverty Stop Climate Change campaign: www.oxfam.org.hk/climatechange

Text inside the ice: "You emit carbon, I suffer."

Photo: Boogie Chiu

MOKUNG

ONE

Oxfam Hong Kong publishes this bi-monthly magazine

O.N.E – Oxfam News E-magazine – is uploaded

in Traditional Chinese. Mokung, which means both “no

monthly at www.oxfam.org.hk/one.

poverty” and “infinity”, highlights a different aspect of

To receive a copy in your inbox, please

development in each issue. The Editor is Tung Tsz-kwan.

subscribe – it is free.

The June 2009 edition focuses on the financial crisis.

To subscribe: www.oxfam.org.hk/one/subscribe.html

To subscribe: www.oxfam.org.hk/public/bookstore/?lang=big5 Mokung is online at www.oxfam.org.hk/public/contents/category?cid=1017&lang=big5

Oxfam News E-magazine July 2009

Good CSR, Good Fashion

A corporate social responsibility

Good Fashion contains lists of

(CSR) policy used to be something

resources to develop, support, and

‘nice to have’. Now, without a doubt,

implement a CSR policy. It also provides

it is no longer optional, but a ‘must

insights from workers, community

have’ for corporations. The challenge

organisations, union representatives,

is for companies to figure out how

and other groups with whom Oxfam

to do it. Oxfam Hong Kong has been

has interacted in its five years of

advocating and facilitating good CSR

private sector engagement work.

practices in Hong Kong’s garment industr y since 2004 and has just compiled ‘Good Fashion: A guide to being an ethical clothing company’.

Good Fashion is available in both English and Chinese. To read online, please visit www. oxfam.org.hk. To request a hard copy, please write to Mr. Kwok-ho Wong at khwong@ oxfam.org.hk.

The booklet specifically caters to this corporate need.

3

In thi s e ditio n of O. N . E , we

The specific project implemented

highlight the Shaanxi Mothers’

by the Association and supported by

Environmental Protection

Oxfam Hong Kong and the Ningqiang

The Oxfam-supported project has

Association in Ningqiang, Shaanxi,

County Government involves the

two parts: participatory assessment

in the northwest of China. The NGO

massive 12 May 2008 earthquake. A

and planning; and road reconstruction.

has more than 1,200 members from

series of participatory assessments

V illa g e r s j o in t h e a s s e s s m e n t s ,

all walks of life, primarily women, and

determined that the reconstruction

planning, programming, the actual

primarily mothers, but not restricted

of three damaged roads was a priority

construction work, and the project

to these groups. Established in 1997,

need for the area. The repair of these

monitoring. Ox fam Hong Kong’s

the Association officially registered

roads, leading to six villages with

funding is supplemented by support

with the provincial Civil Af fair s

a total length of 20.45 kilometres,

by the county government, and the

Department in 2005 and has five

would significantly improve the

time and labour of the residents, who

full-time employees and a strong,

transportation of goods in and out

will all benefit from the project.

enthusiastic volunteer base which the

(primarily agricultural materials) and

Association sees as a huge resource.

reduce people’s own travel costs,

MAINLAND CHINA

The focus of the NGO is two-fold:

too. Residents also need to bring

• Poverty Alleviation and Development

to promote women's participation

in construction materials to rebuild

in environmental protection, and to

their homes and basic public facilities

promote a harmonious development

damaged in the earthquake. Without

between the family and ecology.

good roads, residents typically resort

N e w PartnerOrganisations

Ever y day, Oxfam Hong Kong works alongside hundreds of group s around the world , from small NGOs to international bodies, from government departments of developing countries to community groups based in Hong Kong. Here are 3 ‘partner organisations’ that we are supporting for the first time, all located in Mainland China.

Office, Cheng County, Gansu • Programme Office of Anding Educational and Sport Bureau, Gansu • Shaanxi Mothers’ Environmental Protection Association

to carrying items on their own backs or on donkeys’ backs.

Oxfam Books

These are the BASICS This new book by Oxfam Hong

T h e 11 4 - p a g e i l l u s t r a t e d

Kong covers the challenges that low-

book presents case studies from

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Angola, China, India, Laos, Kenya,

Editor : Tung Tsz-kwan

basic health care and basic education.

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ISBN : 962-664-029-4

It also outlines the world’s progress

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Price : HK$80

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ethnic minority populations, the equal

translation of the title could be These

right to an education for girls, and

are the Basics: Education, Health Care

affordable and accessible treatment

and Human Development.

for people with HIV-AIDS, and more.

Title : 基．不可失 基礎教育．基本醫療．人類發展

To purchase on-line: http://www.oxfam.org.hk/public/bookstore/list

Oxfam Hong Kong

www.oxfam.org.hk Hong Kong

17th Floor, 28 Marble Road, Northpoint, Hong Kong O. N . E is also on-line: www.oxfam.org.hk/one Editor: Madeleine Marie Slavick (emagazine@oxfam.org.hk)