Tourist Behaviors THM 1006
paripan keawnet
Meaning of tourism behavior What is Tourism ?
•
Tourism is defined as
“a short- term movement of people to pl aces some distance from their normal pla ce of residence to indulge in pleasurable activities.”
What is Tourism ?
ďƒ’
Tourism is the temporary movement of people to destinations outside their normal places of work and residence, the activities undertaken during their stay in those destinations, and the facilities created to cater to their needs�
What is tourism ?
• It may also involve travel for business purposes.
• An activity which is serviced by a number of other industries such as hospitality and transport.
• Incorporates leisure
• Collin (1994), leisure -‘free time to do what you want’.
What is Tourist Behavior ?
“ Study of why people buy the product they do, and how they make their decision” - Horner and Swarbrooke (1996)
“ It is process involved when individuals or groups select, purchase, use or dispose of products, services , ideas or experiences to satisfy needs and wants” - Solomon (1996)
Development of Tourist Behaviour
ďƒ’Divided
in two aspects
1. The varied type and pace of development in the different regions of the world.
Development of Tourist Behavior
2. The different types of tourism have developed i ncluding 1. VFR ( Visiting Friends and Relatives ) 2. business 3. religious 4. health 5. educational etc.
Chronological growth of tourism Europe
A desire to travel
1. BC 776 – Olympic began and Roman pioneered tourism; 2. Loud parties , Sun bathing & leisure 3. Sightseeing , Historical buildings 4. Dark age – fall of roman empire 5. New born tourism in Europe – Pilgrimage 6. Infrastructure development
Europe ďƒ’A
desire to travel
7. Education tourism ( Paintings & buildings) 8. Grand Tour in Italy ( France, Holland, Germany , Austria & Switzerland)
9. Loving Art , landscapes & monuments led to Natural tourism 10. Thomas cook came 11. Modern Mass Tourism
Europe
ďƒ’
Removal of obstacles that prevented people from taking trip s 1. Increased disposal income 2. Advance aircraft technology 3. Greater availability of motor cars or private vehicle 4. Increase in leisure time 5. Increased Education 6. Growth of tour operators & Package holidays
Chronological growth of tourism ďƒ’North
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
America
Development of Inns & taverns Development of railway tracks Growth of Car Ownership Creation of roadside motels Growth in number of Visitor in nearby areas Growth of Amusement parks Leisure shopping Museums & live interpretations
Chronological growth of tourism Central
America
In 1960 the region received 749000 international arrivals, according to the World Tourism Organization;
This figure had risen to 2.9 million in 1970 and more than 7 million by 1989 and ever increasing year after year;
central america
ďƒ’ Mexico
has focused on beach and coach tour holidays, other countries in the region have pioneered new forms o f tourism, notably ecotourism
Chronological growth of tourism Africa
Tourism
has existed in Africa for many centuries. The Greeks and Romans visited the sights of Egypt. Outbound
tourism from some parts of Africa over the centuries particularly in terms of business tourism and religious tourism could be seen;
Africa
ďƒ’ During
the first half of the twentieth century, the British played a major role in opening up Africa as a tourist desti nation, particularly in the countries which were then still p art of the British Empire.
ďƒ’ In
the 1920s and 1930s the two main regions
which attracted foreign visitors, apart from Egypt,
Africa
Kenya, where the appeal was big game hunting
Morocco, which was a popular winter sun destination
After gaining their independence, many African
countries sought to attract tourists to help develop their economies;
Business and leisure tourism became the major tourism of Africa.
Chronological growth of tourism The
Middle East
The countries of the Middle East have a long history of involvement in the tourism industry, most notably in terms of religious tourism.
This region is the most important pilgrimage destination in the world for three major religions:
The Middle East
Muslims for whom both Mecca and Jerusalem are very sacred
places; The tourist flow to Mecca is probably the largest single annual movement of tourists in the world
The cities of Nazareth, Bethlehem, Jerusalem and Jericho, which are the most important religious cities for Christians
Jerusalem which is the holiest city for Jews
Chronological growth of tourism Asia 1.
Asia is a large continent which encompasses a wide variety of national tourism markets with very different characteristics; 2. In India, there is a strong tradition of domestic tourism of two types: 3. trips to hill stations during the hot summer months
Asia
4. visits to religious festivals.
5.
Inbound tourism and package tours;
6.
Across the region, special interest and beach-based tourism are taking over from the ‘travelers' of yesterday. Finally, the ‘jet-age’ has created important ‘stopover markets’.
Across the world
1. The nature of tourism in different countries has been influenced by a myriad of factors including, for example:
2. climate
3. geographical location
4. history
5. language
6. the development of transport systems
7. levels of economic development
8. the quality of landscapes and townscapes
9. government policies towards tourism
10. the degree of economic and political stability
Different types of Tourism
1. Visiting friends and relatives
2.
Business tourism
3.
Religious tourism
4.
Health tourism
5.
Social tourism
6.
Educational tourism
7.
Cultural tourism
8.
Scenic tourism
9.
Hedonistic tourism
10. Activity tourism
11. Special interest tourism, etc.