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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Τοις Εντευξομένοις Definition, of intervention, Η΄ ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Περί ευθύνης των Οργάνων Concerns του Κράτους για παράνομες πράξεις τους κατά την

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ενάσκηση τωνSchool καθηκόντων τους Harvard University, Graduate of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Του κ. Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ Student of the School of Architecture Καθηγητού Σχολ. Νομικών και Κοινωνικών Technical University Επιστ. of Crete

Kε�άλαι� ΙΣΤ’ και Μεταπτ. Προγραμμάτων Kε�άλαι� ΙΣΤ’ ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Πανεπιστημίου ΑστικήDefining Ευθύνηthe τ�υ Κράτ�υς για παράν�µες 1. Introductory approach: concept Καθηγητού Προγρ. Σπ. Πανεπ. ANTISTHENIS, the ancientΕυθύνη Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Αθηνών, Athens), Αστική τ�υ Κράτ�υς για παράν�µες πρά�εις των �ργάνων τ�υ ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC,Π.Κ.Π.Ε., Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Ομοτ. Καθηγητού ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΥ πρά�εις των �ργάνων τ�υ among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a great the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content Ex Ch. L.of“principle”: U.concepts. L. Bruxelles, acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Ex. Int. I.I.A.P., Paris 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term Γενική πρ�σέγγιση gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification T� “refining” ιδια��ντως εύρ�ς των συνν�µων δράσεων της Γενική πρ�σέγγιση Sociology as well), as the of εκτενές a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), asT� the “refining” ofεκτενές aκαι cityτων area, the removal fromthere this, (inartists, various ∆ηµ�σιας ∆ι�ίκησης εκ�ρα��ντων «την τεκµαιρ�µένη» ιδια��ντως εύρ�ς των συνν�µων δράσεων της ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ��ύλησή της Oργάνων της, ενδε��µένως, ενί�τε, πέραν τ�υ ν�µι∆ηµ�σιας ∆ι�ίκησης και των εκ�ρα��ντων «την τεκµαιρ�µένη» the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of κώς παραδεκτ�ύ έργ�υ «να εκτείνεται» εκτ�ς τωνprices �ρίων της ν�µι��ύλησή τηςrestaurants, Oργάνων της, ενδε��µένως, πέραν τ�υ the operation ofconsequences art galleries, etc.also However “change”, regardless whatever other has, results risingthis ofενί�τε, land (and theof µ�τητας, (διά πρά�εων ή παραλείψεων), να επι�έρει µη συνν�µως κώς παραδεκτ�ύ έργ�υ «να εκτείνεται» εκτ�ς των �ρίων της ν�µιwhatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). 1 �λά�ες σε δικαιώµατα και ένν�µα συµ�έρ�ντα Π�λιτών κ.ά. µ�τητας, (διά πρά�εων ή παραλείψεων), να επι�έρει µη συνν�µως potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to 1 Eπ�µένως, τίθεται θέµα κατα��λής �λά�ες σε και ένν�µα συµ�έρ�ντα Π�λιτών The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in earlyευθυνών, 1960s and itκ.ά. refers the then observed trend ofisδικαιώµατα wealthy toεπιµερισµ�ύ buy property in poor areas ofto απ��ηµιώσεων, επανα��ράς πραγµάτων στηνinπρ�τερη κατά-of Eπ�µένως, τίθεται θέµα των επιµερισµ�ύ ευθυνών, κατα��λής the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus oldpoor residents are σταση κ.ά. απ��ηµιώσεων, επανα��ράς των πραγµάτων στην πρ�τερη κατάLondon, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. T� κ.ά. ισ�ύ�ν Σύνταγµα (άρθρ� 20) πρ�ν�εί εν πρ�κειµένω και σταση being indirectly “squeezed”. A description ofπέραν this phenomenon is included in20) theπρ�ν�εί work ofενSociologist Ruth της συγκεκριµµένης επιταγής κατευθυντήριες T� ισ�ύ�ν Σύνταγµα (άρθρ� και A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the«εισάγει» work of πρ�κειµένω Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major �δηγίες πρ�ς N�µ�θετ�ύντες και ∆ι�ικ�ύντες: κάθε ένας έ�ει πέραν της συγκεκριµµένης επιταγής «εισάγει» κατευθυντήριες GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, other Researchers. δικαίωµαby στην παρ��ή ένν�µηςκαι πρ�στασίας απ�κάθε τα ∆ικαστήρια �δηγίες πρ�ς N�µ�θετ�ύντες ∆ι�ικ�ύντες: ένας έ�ει cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, theδικαίωµα issue has preoccupied andτα for more και µπ�ρεί να αναπτύ�ει σεseveral αυτάπρ�στασίας τιςscholars απ�ψειςαπ� τ�υ για ταitsδικαιώστην παρ��ή ένν�µης ∆ικαστήρια Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from µαταµπ�ρεί ή συµ�έρ�ντά τ�υ,σε�πως �ρί�ει.τ�υ T� για δικαίωµα της και να αναπτύ�ει αυτάν�µ�ς τις απ�ψεις τα δικαιώcomprehensive approach areακρ�ασης being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: πρ�ηγ�ύµενης ενδια�ερ�µέν�υ και για κάθε µατα ή συµ�έρ�ντά τ�υ,τ�υ �πως ν�µ�ς �ρί�ει.ισ�ύει T� δικαίωµα της interpretations the phenomenon theλαµ�άνεται following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is ακρ�ασης dueof to aµέτρ�, trend of �π�ί� a new category of σε social groups δι�ικητική ενέργεια ήgentrification, τ� �άρ�ς των πρ�ηγ�ύµενης τ�υ ενδια�ερ�µέν�υ ισ�ύει και για κάθε to “return” to the city, leaving ενέργεια theή purlieus for several reasons: high costs in(άρθρ� money δικαιωµάτων συµ�ερ�ντων τ�υ,�π�ί� και ακ�µη τ� Σύνταγµα δι�ικητική ή µέτρ�, τ� λαµ�άνεται σε �άρ�ς των and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, work place is,τ�υ lack(άρθρ� of the 4) διακηρύσσει, �τι �ι Έλληνες είναι ίσ�ι τ� ενώπι�ν ν�µ�υ, δικαιωµάτων ή συµ�ερ�ντων τ�υ,where και ακ�µη Σύνταγµα termat comes from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in συνεισ�έρ�ντες στα δηµ�σια �άρη ανάλ�γα µε τιςsearch δυνάµεις τ�υς... 4) διακηρύσσει, �τι �ι GLASS, Έλληνες είναι ίσ�ι ενώπι�ν τ�υ ν�µ�υ, sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: συνεισ�έρ�ντες στα δηµ�σια“at �άρη τιςcity”, δυνάµεις τ�υς... services of health, education, entertainment theανάλ�γα heart ofµε the (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where 1.studies Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Περί In της1950 εννοίας του ετερόκλητες in According 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon planning. she teacher in the to another the is due tobecame aδικαίου: systematic and 1. Bλ.approach, και A. PAΪKOΣ: Θεµελιώδη ∆ικαιώµατα. Aθήναι, 2002, σ. 203. υφέρποντες προβληματισμοί. ΝΟΜΙΚΟbrokers ΒΗΜΑ, έκδ. Δικηγ. University informal College ofπροσεγγίσεις, London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying 1. Bλ. A. PAΪKOΣ: Θεµελιώδη ∆ικαιώµατα. 2002, σ.ΡΑΪΚΟΣ: 203. her work are characterized byκαι a passion for65, justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Συλλόγου Αθηνών, τόμ. τεύχος 9, Νοέμβριος 2017,Aθήναι, σ. 2185 επόμ. Α. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Θεμελιώδη Δικαιώματα, Αθήναι, 2002, σ. 203. Αρτ. Δ. ΣΑΒΒΙΔΟΥ: Οι ειδικώτερες 250 246 G. 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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr.πρ�στασίας George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect H πρ��λεπ�µένη ως άνω παρ��ή ένν�µης «καλύStudent of the School of Architecture πτει» και τις περιπτώσεις εκείνες κατά τις �π�ίες η ευθύνη για την Technical University of Crete πρ�σ��λή ενν�µων δικαιωµάτων και συµ�ερ�ντων των ∆ι�ικ�υµένων «�αρύνει» τηνapproach: ∆ηµ�σια ∆ι�ίκηση �ργανά της. Eν 1. Introductory Definingκαι theταconcept πρ�κειµένω ως ευθύνη ν�είται η ευθύνη τ�υ Kράτ�υς εν γένει, των 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the (αδιακρίτως ancientDefining Greek (444υπ� BC - 370 BC, Athens), N�µικών Πρ�σώπων τ�υ, εάνphilosopher, αυτά διέπωνται ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the καν�νων ∆ηµ�σί�υ ή Iδιωτικ�ύ ∆ικαί�υ), των Oργανισµών T�πιamong other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. κής Aυτ�δι�ίκησης α’ και �’ �αθµ�ύ κ.ά., συνε�ελκ�µένη την υπ�acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term �ρέωση κατα��λής απ��ηµίωσης, επανα��ράς των πραγµάτων 1 (and urban Based, therefore, onκ.ά., this inindicated a first, if (in notπράfinal, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification στην πρ�τερη κατάσταση σε“principle” περιπτώσεις µη σύνν�µης 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various �ης ή παράλειψης των εκ�ρα��ντων την ��ύλησή τ�υς Oργάνων. Sociology well), as the “refining” of aαστική city area, the this, of (inartists, various ways), groups, usually of low-income and theremoval there Ως εικ�ςofη social ενas λ�γω ευθύνη, καλ�υµένη και ευθύνη ηplacement έ�ω - from ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of διά��ρ�ς art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of συµ�ατική, είναι εκείνης, η �π�ίαetc. απ�ρρέει ε�this άλλης the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless αιτίας, π.�. απ� δι�ικητική σύµ�αση.has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences whatever other consequences has, results risingδιαof land prices (and the H ευθύνη τ�υ Kράτ�υς εν γένει ρυθµί�εται υπ�also σ�ετικών potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). τά�εων N�µ�υ τ�υ at Aστικ�ύ Kώδικ�ς, Theτ�υ termEισαγωγικ�ύ gentrification is found first in the UK in άρθρα early 1960s and it refers to Theεκλαµ�άνεται term gentrification found atpeople first in the UKαπαιτ�υin early 1960s and itareas refersofto 104-106, πάντ�τε «αντικειµενική», the then observed trend ofisως wealthy to(µη buy property in poor the υπαιτι�τητας then observed wealthy people toσειρά buy property in poor areas µένης τ�υtrend Oργάν�υ), «παράγεται» υπ� πρ�ϋLondon, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are π�θέσεων, �πως,“squeezed”. (συν�πτική ανα��ρά, των ενδια�ερ�µένων being indirectly παραπεµπ�µένων έργα2): being indirectlyσε “squeezed”. A description of�ικεία this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth HA γεν�µένη ήthis η σηµειωθείσα παράλειψη να πρ�έρ�εται description ofperiod, phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theπρά�η same while similar in other major απ� �ργαν� τ�υ Kράτ�υς, ή άλλ�υ συσταθέντ�ς υπ’ αυτ�ύ N�µιGLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. κών Πρ�σώπων, αυτά πρ�ηγ�υµένως την and for its more cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then,�πως the issueανα�έρθησαν has severalκατά scholars άσκηση ανατεθείσας αρµ�δι�τητας, να είναι παράν�µη, ναscholars είναι Since then, the issue has preoccupied several andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from �ηµι�γ�ν�ς για τ�ν ∆ι�ικ�ύµεν�, υ�ισταµέν�υ αιτιώδ�υς συνδέcomprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: σµ�υ µετα�ύ πρά�ης ή παράλειψης και πρ�κληθείσης �ηµίας, να interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups πρ��λέπεται υπ� των ισ�υ�υσών διατά�εων � σε �άρ�ς τ�υ ∆ηµ�to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money σί�υ, των N�µικών Πρ�σώπων τ�υ κ.ά. καταλ�γισµ�ς της κ.ά. and to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where Σεtime περίπτωση καταλ�γισµ�ύ σε �άρ�ς τ�υ ∆ηµ�σί�υ και work των place is, lack of the 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Oργάνων τ�υ της πρά�ης ή παράλειψης η πρ��λεπ�Berlin, where she�ηµι�γ�ν�υ made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled:

services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, 2. Bλ. Γ. ΠAΠAXATZHΣ: Σύστηµα τ�υ ισ�ύ�ντ�ς στην Eλλάδα ∆ι�ιin According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and κητικ�ύ ∆ικαί�υ. έκδ. 1991. Aνατ. 1996. Aθήνα. Eπ. Her public action and University College E�δ�µη of London, where she continued her social research. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying ΣΠHΛIOTOΠOYΛOΣ: Eγ�ειρίδι� ∆ι�ικητικ�ύ ∆ικαί�υ. 2002. Π. ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. SeeAθήνα, also: COLLINS and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in ∆AΓTOΓΛOY: Γενικ� ∆ι�ικητικ� ∆ίκαι�.Aθήνα, 2004.A.TAXOΣ: Eλληνι10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually κ� ∆ι�ικητικ� ∆ίκαι�. Θεσσαλ�νίκη, 2005.

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found atείναι first in the UK�ρηµατική, in early 1960s and it refers to µενη απ��ηµίωση καλύπτ�υσα ενδε��The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople firstσυνήθως in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers to the then observed trend of to buy property in poor of µενη θετική, απ�θετική �ηµία ή ηθική �λά�η τ�υ ∆ι�ικ�υµέν�υ. the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are Tέλ�ς, σηµειώνεται, �τι η άλλ�τε ισ�ύ�υσα ρύθµιση, �άσει της London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. �π�ίας ευθύν�νταν «εις �λ�κληρ�ν», τ�σ� τ� Kράτ�ς, �σ� και τα being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of �ργανά this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τ�υ, έναντιis τ�υ ∆ι�ικ�υµέν�υ, σε περίπτωση επενε�θείA description ofσας thisσεphenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while �λά�ης similar in other major αυτ�ν (άρθρ� 105 τ�υ recorded Eισαγωγικ�ύ N�µ�υ τ�υ GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, other Researchers. Aστικ�ύbyKώδικα), έ�ει ήδη καταργηθεί, πρ��λεπ�µένης πλέ�ν cities in Western countries, by other διατά�εων Researchers. Since then, the issueτων has preoccupied several scholars for its more υπ� �ικείων της ευθύνης τ�υand �ργάν�υ κατά την Since then, the issue has preoccupied several σε scholars andthe for various itsµ�ν�ν more άσκηση των ανατεθέντων αυτ� from καθηκ�ντων comprehensive approach are ν�µίµως being summarized below, comprehensive approach are being summarized from έναντι τ�υ Kράτ�υς, των N�µικών Πρ�σώπων κ.ά. γιαthe τηνvarious απ��ηinterpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: µίωση την �π�ία αυτά έ��υνofκατα�άλει σε Tρίτ�υς ε� α��ρµής In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend a new of social groups πρ�κληθείσης �ηµίας, �λά�ης κ.ά. reasons: υπ� Oργάνων των in καιmoney µ�ν�ν to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several high costs λ�γω δ�λ�υ ή �αρείας αµελείας των. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the H πρ�σωπική ευθύνη τ�υ �ργάν�υ πλέ�ν ειδι-in termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasσε born sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town πρ��λέπεται centres, for better Berlin, where she made her first studies.�πως In 1932 she published an τ�υ important studyΣυντάγentitled: κές περιπτώσεις, π.�. στ� άρθρ� 95 ισ�ύ�ντ�ς services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements µατ�ς: η ∆ι�ίκηση έ�ει υπ��ρέωση ναaccess συµµ�ρ�ώνεται πρ�ς τις lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, ∆ικαστικές Aπ��άσεις. H παρά�αση της υπ��ρέωσης αυτής in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and γεννά ευθύνη γιαcontinued κάθε αρµ�δι� ν�µ�ς �ρί�ει. University informal College of London, where she her social�ργαν� research.�µως Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by�ρί�ει a passion for justice. µέτρα See also: COLLINS ENGLISH της DICTIONARY. N�µ�ς τα αναγκαία για την διασ�άλιση συµµ�ρand selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: �ωσης της ∆ι�ίκησης. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Διεθνείς Χρηματοπιστωτικές Αγορές GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, και Οίκοι Αξιολόγησης Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Concerns Του κ. Ναπ. ΜΑΡΑΒΕΓΙΑ

Καθηγητού Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκλήρωσης, Αντιπρύτανη του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, GraduateΠανεπιστημίου School of Design,Αθηνών Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect

Student the το School of Μνημόνιο Architecture Καθώς η χώρα μας προχωρά προς την έξοδοofαπό τρίτο Technical University of Crete τον Αύγουστο του τρέχοντος έτους, η σημασία των διεθνών χρηματοπιστωτικών αγορών και των Οίκων Αξιολόγησης γίνεται και πάλι 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept κρίσιμη. Η προσπάθεια της ελληνικής οικονομίας να σταθεί στα πόδια της 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), μετά από οκτώ χρόνια μνημονίων, θα συνοδευθεί βεβαίως από ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the ενισχυμένη της ΕΕhe πάνω στην εφαρμοσμένη εθνική οικονομική among other wise heritage leftthe us, he established a great the acquisition ofεποπτεία knowledge starts with definition of the content of“principle”: concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content of concepts. πολιτική, όπως προβλέπεται γιαtheόλες τις ifυπερχρεωμένες χώρες της Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term Ευρωζώνης. gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Πέρα όμως από την ofΕυρωπαϊκή και Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, theΕποπτεία, removal fromεποπτικό this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (in various ways), of social groups, usually ofρόλο low-income andthe theremoval placement artists, ενδεχομένως τιμωρητικό αναλαμβάνουν και οι διεθνείς ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However thisαπό “change”, regardless of χρηματοπιστωτικές αγορές καθοδηγούμενες τους Οίκους the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, results alsoτων rising of land χωρών. prices (and Αξιολόγησης τηςconsequences πιστοληπτικής ικανότητας διαφόρων Αυτήthe ηof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential speculation). εποπτείαrelative των διεθνών χρηματοπιστωτικών αγορών συνδέεται άμεσα με potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at οικονομίας first in the UK in early and it refers to την The βαθμολογία της ελληνικής από τους1960s διεθνείς Οίκους gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the thenterm observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Αξιολόγησης. the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Κάθε παρεκτροπή από τη δημοσιονομική ισορροπία και την London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. παραγωγή πρωτογενών πλεονασμάτων, που έχουν συμφωνηθεί (3,5% being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth του AΑΕΠ μέχρι το 2022 και 2% στη συνέχεια), οδηγεί description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere theθα work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded inτου otherΟίκους major Αξιολόγησης να υποβαθμίζουν την πιστοληπτική ικανότητα της χώρας GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. μας και συνεπώς οι διεθνείς χρηματοπιστωτικές αγορές Since then, the issue has several scholars andθαforαπαιτούν its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more υψηλότερα επιτόκια για ναare δανείσουν την ελληνικήbelow, οικονομία. comprehensive approach being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Βέβαια, of ανthe η ελληνική δημοσιονομική καιthe γενικότερα interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, following: η οικονομική interpretations theμακριά phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueψηφοθηρικούς togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups πολιτική κρατηθεί από πειρασμούς, οι ανάγκες to “return” toτης theχώρας city, leaving the purlieus several reasons: in money δανεισμού μας δεν θα είναιfor μεγάλες. Ωστόσο,high μιαcosts υποβάθμιση and to travel fromικανότητας the purlieusτης to downtown, where is, lackοίκους of the της time πιστοληπτικής χώρας μας απόwork τουςplace διεθνείς 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, αξιολόγησης θα προκαλεί μεγάλο αντίκτυπο, καθώς οι οίκοι αυτοί έχουν Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of theκαι city”, (possibly) αναδειχθεί διεθνείς «χωροφύλακες» δημοσιονομικής γενικότερα Youth Unemployment. The same year she leftτης Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Londonεπίπεδο. and New York she came back to London, οικονομικής ορθοδοξίας σεPrague, παγκόσμιο in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ΕίναιCollege γεγονός ότι where οι she χρηματοπιστωτικές αγορές οιaction Οίκοι University of London, continued her social research. Herκαι public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion See also: COLLINSτης ENGLISH DICTIONARY. πιστοληπτικής αξιολόγησης, ταfor justice. τελευταία χρόνια κρίσης στην and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ευρώπη, έχουν αποκτήσει τεράστια σημασία, καθώς η Ευρωπαϊκή G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Κεντρική Τράπεζα (ΕΚΤ) δεν μπορεί από το καταστατικό της να λειτουργεί ως δανειστής τελευταίας ευκαιρίας. Μ’ άλλα λόγια η ΕΚΤ, «κατ’ εικόνα και ομοίωση» της πάλαι ποτέ Γερμανικής Ομοσπονδιακής Τράπεζας, δεν μπορεί να δανείζει τα Κράτη, να αγοράζει δηλαδή κρατικά ομόλογα, όταν το επιτόκιό τους ξεπεράσει ένα όριο που επιβάλλουν οι διεθνείς χρηματοπιστωτικές αγορές. Εξάλλου, σ’ αυτήν την κατάσταση βρέθηκε η ελληνική οικονομία το By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 2009-2010, όταν τα επιτόκια (εξαιτίαςSchool της υπερχρέωσης της Harvardδανεισμού, University, Graduate of Design, Student, Mr. διεθνούς George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS χώρας μας και της συρρίκνωσηςByτης ρευστότητας, λόγω της Architect Student of βιώσιμα the Schoolεπίπεδα. of Architecture διεθνούς κρίσης του 2007-2008), αυξήθηκαν σε μη Την Technical University of Crete κρίσιμη εκείνη ώρα θα μπορούσε η Χώρα μας να απευθυνθεί στην ΕΚΤ, για να 1. πωλήσει τα ομόλογά της με λογικά επιτόκια, αν η Ευρωπαϊκή Κεντρική Introductory approach: Defining the concept Τράπεζα μπορούσεapproach: να τα αγοράσει. 1. Introductory the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Τέτοια δυνατότητα δεν υπήρχε και, συνεπώς, μόνος ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCο-“principle”: 370 BC,τρόπος Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the δανεισμού ήταν η δημιουργία ενός προσωρινού Ευρωπαϊκού Ταμείου among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Χρηματοπιστωτικής για δανειστεί η Χώρα πράγμα acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content ofμας, concepts. Based, therefore, onΣταθερότητας this “principle” indefinition aνα first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 on this “principle” inindicated aγνωστούς first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term πουBased, έγινε, therefore, αλλά από τους περιοριστικούς όρους (andσυνοδεύτηκε urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification του περίφημου πρώτου Μνημονίου, που ενthe πολλοίς Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removalεπέβαλε from this,το (inΔιεθνές various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement Νομισματικό Ταμείο για πρώτη φορά σε ευρωπαϊκή χώρα. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of artκαι galleries, this “change”, regardless of Από τότε μέχριrestaurants, σήμερα etc. το However μεγάλο ζητούμενο είναι, όχι να the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever otherτο consequences also rising of land (and theof τροποποιηθεί Καταστατικόhas, τηςresults ΕΚΤ, ώστε να μπορεί ναprices χρηματοδοτεί whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative με νομισματικά μέσα τα δημοσιονομικά ελλείμματα (πράγμα απαράδεκτο potential relative speculation). gentrification is found atκαθώς first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to γιαThe τηterm νομισματική ορθοδοξία, θεωρείται αιτία πληθωρισμού), The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αλλά να observed εκδίδονται ευρωομόλογα, ώστε toνα τωνof the then trend wealthy sometimes people buyμοιράζεται, property inμεταξύ poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves there and thus old residents are οικονομικά ισχυρών οικονομικά λιγότερο ευρωπαϊκών London, upgrade them,και stayτων themselves sometimes thereισχυρών and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. χωρών, ο κίνδυνος και έτσι να αγοράζονται τα ομόλογα αυτά από τις being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth διεθνείς αγορές λογικάinwere επιτόκια. Μέχρι στιγμής , A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isμε included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atχρηματοπιστωτικές the same while similar situations in other major αυτό δεν έχει γίνει εφικτό, καθώς αντιδρούν οι ισχυρές χώρες του GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Ευρωπαϊκού με has πρώτη τηResearchers. Γερμανία, (έστω και αν η πιθανότητα Since then,Βορρά the issue several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more αύξησης του πληθωρισμού είναι ασήμαντη), αρνούμενες να μοιραστούν comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various την αναμενόμενη αύξηση του κόστους δανεισμού interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theτους. following: interpretations phenomenon thecategory following: In aΈτσι, sense,όταν theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ηthe Χώρα μαςisχρειασθεί και πάλι δανεισμό από τις διεθνείς to “return” to the city, leaving the μετά purlieus several reasons: high costs in money χρηματοπιστωτικές αγορές τοfor τέλος του Μνημονίου, πρέπει να and time to σε travel from theδημοσιονομική purlieus to downtown, where work placeπου is, lack the κρατηθεί απόλυτη ισορροπία, πράγμα θαofτην 1.of The termat from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, αναγκάσει να comes συνεχίσει να εφαρμόζει περιοριστική οικονομική πολιτική, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofλόγω health, education, entertainment “atαλλά the heart of theτου city”, (possibly) όχι μόνο της ευρωπαϊκής εποπτείας, φόβου τηςfor Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany andκαι afterλόγω continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva,δανεισμού Prague, London andτις Newδιεθνείς York she came back to London, αύξησης των επιτοκίων από χρηματοπιστωτικές in According 19431 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and . College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and αγορές University long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 1

Αναδημοσίευση.

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Post ‘’BREXITΣχέδιο’’: Πόσο Πόσο ‘’OUT’’?1 GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of ‘’IN’’, Intervention, Η μακροχρόνια και πολύπλοκη διαδικασία Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification αποχωρήσεως του Ηνωμὲνου Βασιλεὶου από την Concerns Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση (The long and complex process of the United Kingdom’s Mr.European George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS withdrawal fromBy the Union)

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Του κ. Θεοδώρ. Α. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ Student of the School of Architecture Διδάκτ. Οικονομικών και Κοινωνικών Επιστημών Technical University of Crete

του Πανεπιστημίου του Αμβούργου 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Πτυχ. Οικ. Επιστ. Ε.Κ.Π.Α., 1. Introductory approach: the concept Επισκ. Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκληρώσεως ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining GreekΚαθηγητού philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Παν/μίου Βόννης, π. Στελέχους Ε.Ε. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, της Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Abstract: 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification th Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various On March 29 2017 the majority Government of the UK Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the (Conservative, PM Teresa May) triggered article 50placement of the Lisbon Treaty to ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of withdraw from the EU. Afterrestaurants, an appropriate response thisprices request from the operation ofconsequences art galleries, etc.also However “change”, regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of to land (and theof the European Council a negotiation periodalso started between whatever other consequences has, results rising of land EU27 pricesand (andthe the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). UK.The Atterm the gentrification end of thisisperiod, 2018, a BREXIT draft found atMid. first inNovember the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of agreement has been proposed from the EU 27 (Chief Coordinator Michelto the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves thus old residents areof BARNIER) to another UK Government (Conservativeand supported by the DUP London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. party of Northern Ireland, PM Teresa May). This article describes the being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth process developments during this periodinwere and looksof at “new coA description ofperiod, this phenomenon is included the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS atand the same while similar situations inaother major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major operation partnership” post BREXIT as this was the main target of the UK cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issuethe hasReferendum preoccupied scholars and for its more Government following of several June 2016. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Η πρόταση/σχὲδιο συμφωνίας (draft Withdrawal Agreement η comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: BREXIT deal), για the τηνphenomenon οριστική αποχώρηση του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου (ΗΒ) interpretations thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση (ΕΕ 28), ανακοινώθηκε επίσημα στις 14 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Νοεμβρίου 2018, τον ‘’Επικεφαλής Διαπραγματευτή’’ and time to travel fromαπό the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lackMichel of the 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in BARNIER, εκ μέρους των 27 υπολοίπων Κρατών Μελών βάσει τουfor άρθρου sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart the city”,movements (possibly) 50 τηςUnemployment. Συνθήκης της Λισαβόνας, όπου ορίζεται η of διαδικασία για τηνfor Youth The same year she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London New York she came back toεφόσον London, αποχώρηση κράτους μέλους από τηνandΕυρωπαϊκή Ένωση, το in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 1 Βλ.Wil. επὶσης σχετικὸ άρθρο μου στο 90/2017 της of ΕΠΤΑΠΑ: Θ.Α.ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΥ: "ΕΕ: and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially part of the urban web, in 10th edit. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd.τεύχος London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ανακάμπτοντας απὸ την οικονομικὴ κρὶση και η αντίστροφη μὲτρηση του BREXIT" EpitheorisiG. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually athanasopoulos.webnode.gr

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

επιθυμεί. Το άρθρο ενεργοποιήθηκε για πρώτη φορά στις 29 Μαρτίου 2017 από το ΗΒ, ως αποτέλεσμα του «οριακοὺ» (51,9% προς 48,1) δημοψηφίσματος της 23ης Ιουνίου 2016. (2) Το κείμενο της πρότασης ήταν αποτέλεσμα προηγούμενων συζητήσεων, επαφών και διαπραγματεύσεων, σε ‘’αχαρτογράφητα ύδατα’’ μια και δεν υπήρξε προηγούμενο στην Ιστορία της ΕΕ. Ουδέποτε By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS δηλαδή είχε συζητηθεί, με βάση τις συνθήκες, η δυνατότητα Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, αποχωρήσεως από μια εθελούσια ένωση κρατών, η οποία διευρίνετο By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect συνεχώς. Student of the School of Architecture Το σχέδιο αυτό (BREXIT deal)περιελάμβανεTechnical ένα ενιαίο κείμενο 585 University of Crete σελίδων, 3 πρωτοκόλλων και πολλών παραρτημάτων. Τα πρωτόκολλα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the«διευθετήσεως concept αφορούν στις ιδιαίτερες περιπτώσεις συνόρων», δηλαδή 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept μεταξύ Δημοκρατίας της Ιρλανδίας και Β. Ιρλανδίας, Βασιλείου της ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), Ισπανίας και wise Γιβραλτάρ καιheτέλος Δημοκρατίας της aΚύπρου και Ηνωμένου among other heritage left us, he established great “principle”: the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a Ευστρατὶου) greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge starts with the content concepts. the Βασιλείου. (Στρατιωτικές Βάσεις Δεκὲλειας καὶofΑγὶου acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on στα this “principle” a first, not final, approach, the Υπάρχει τέλος παραρτήματα μια ifπρώτη προσέγγιση γιαterm τις 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification μελλοντικὲς σχὲσεις του ΗΒ με την ΕΕ μετὰ την «οριστική αποχώρηση» 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various του ΗΒ, γεγονός που υποβλέπεται βάσει του υπάρχοντος σχεδίου (BREXIT Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, deal) πὲραν του 2021.usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art deal galleries, restaurants, etc.το However “change”, regardless of Το BREXIT υιοθετήθηκε από Υπουργικό Συμβούλιο του ΗΒ, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof ενwhatever μέσω διαφωνιών και υπουργικών παραιτήσεων. συνεχεὶα και εν otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising ofΕνland prices (and the potential relative μὲσω αμφίπλευρου κλὶματος δυσπιστὶας, (Ο Πρωθυπουργὸς του potential relative speculation). The term gentrification2is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to για την Βασιλείου της Ισπανίας The term gentrification iswealthy found atήδη first επιφυλάξεις in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofεκφράζει people to buy property in«διευθέτηση» poor του βρετανικοὺ Γιβραλτάρ επι ισπανικοὺ εδάφους), ο Πρόεδρος του the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus oldσυνάντηση residents are Ευρωπαϊκού Συμβουλίου (ΕΣ)Donaldsometimes Tusk κάλεσε έκτακτη being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. κορυφής της ΕΕ 27 phenomenon μe την Πρωθυπουργό ΗΒ Teresa May Ruth στις A description of this is included inτου the work of Sociologist A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Βρυξέλες στιςsame 25 period, Νοεμβρίου τὸrecorded ΕΣ τωνin27 Κρατὼν GLASS at the while2018, similarπροκειμένου situations were other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, byτου other Researchers. Μελὼν να αποφασίσει επί τελικοὺ πλὲον ‘’BREXIT deal’’. (3) cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherείναι Researchers. Since then,του the issue has several scholars and for its more Σκοπός άρθρου αυτού, να περιγράψει και κατά το δυνατόν, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αναλύσει, τις τάσεις σε πολιτικό και οικονομικό επίπεδο, που συνόδευσαν comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theτην phenomenon of gentrification, the following: και συνοδεύουν πολύπλοκη και χρονοβόρα αυτή πρωτόγνωρη interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense,για theτα phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a Ευρωπαίους new of διαδικασία ΕυρωπαϊκάisΌργανα και τους . social groups to “return” to the city, leavingστο the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Τέλος, αποσκοπεί να δείξει τις διαφαινόμενες μελλοντικές and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the σχέσεις και πολλαπλὲς επιπτώσειςRuth τηςGLASS, αποχωρήσεως του ΗΒGLASS από την ΕΕ... termat comes from Sociologist 1912-1940. Ruth search wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous (Συνεχὶζεται) lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Βλ.Press statement by Michel Barnier (Article 50), Brussels 19 November 2018

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Βασ. Δ. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ: Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Θεσμικό πλαίσιο Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης, Concerns Αθήνα, 2018, εκδόσεις ΠΑΠΑΖΗΣΗ, σελ. 600

Βιβλιοκριτική

Του Καθηγητού Στέφ. ΚΑΡΑΓΙΑΝΝΗ

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Από τις εκδόσεις Παπαζήση, της Αθήνας, C.κυκλοφόρησε σε α΄ By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect έκδοση το σύγγραμμα της Τακτικής Student Επίκουρης Καθηγήτριας του of the School of Architecture University of Crete Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών, Δεληθέου Technical Βασιλική, με τίτλο:

Θεσμικό Πλαίσιο Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης». Το βιβλίο απευθύνεται 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept πρωτίστως στους φοιτητές και σπουδαστές των τμημάτων 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Οικονομικής και Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης Α.Ε.Ι.a great αλλά και BC, τωνAthens), Τ.Ε.Ι. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 the της χώρας δευτερευόντως απευθύνεται και σ’ among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of και knowledge startshe with of σε the επιχειρηματίες content concepts. εκείνους οιof οποίοι επιχειρηματικές δραστηριότητες στους acquisition knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on ασκούν this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the και term παραγωγικούς τομείς της Περιφερειακής ανάπτυξης, χωροταξίας urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various οικονομίας. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of που a city καλύπτει area, fromthere this, of (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement artists, Πρόκειται για σύγγραμμα ένα ευρύτατο φάσμα ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, etc. της However this “change”, of θεμάτων αναφορικά με restaurants, την ανάγκη κατανόησης τουregardless θεσμικού the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the πλαισίου της βιώσιμης περιφερειακής ανάπτυξης τουprices ελληνικού whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land (and the potential relative speculation). αστικού περιβάλλοντος. Πρόκειται για δύο πυλώνες που η θέασή τους potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to γίνεται με αυστηρά συγκροτημένο επιστημονικό και εύληπτο τρόπο, με The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto χρήση εργαλείων ανάλυσης των sometimes σχετικών ζητημάτων και σύνθεσης the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves thereοand thus old residents are των σχετικών εκτιμήσεων, ώστε sometimes να οδηγηθεί αναγνώστης στην being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description this phenomenon προτάσεων is included in the of Sociologist Ruth παραδοχή τωνofδιατυπωμένων καιwork λύσεων. Αυτό είναι A description ofΠεριφερειολόγους this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS atγια the τους same period, while similar in other major χρήσιμο – Οικονομολόγους – Χωροτάκτες GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Μηχανικούς Αρχιτέκτονες Επιστήμονες της βιώσιμης περιφερειακής cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, issue has scholars and for its more ανάπτυξης καιthe Μελετητές καθώς και γιαseveral Επιχειρηματίες. Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from Η ύλη δομείται σε τέσσερα μέρη και στοbelow, τέλοςfrom κάθεtheσελίδας comprehensive approach are being summarized various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: αναφέρονται οι βιβλιογραφικές παραπομπές. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Στο Μέρος Α΄, Η οργάνωση του κράτους καθώς επίσης και οι επί to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money μέρους αναπτυξιακές λειτουργίες του. Στο μέρος αυτό and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in συμπεριλαμβάνονται τα Κεφάλαια με outside τα θεματικά πεδία:search Η οργάνωση sense of safety at the distributed residencies town centres, for better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) καθώς και η αναδιοργάνωση του (σ. 25-59). Youth Unemployment. The same year sheΚράτους, left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and New York she cameκαι back to London, Στο Μέρος inΒ΄, Άλλα συστήματα Οργάνωσης Παραγωγής in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Ανάπτυξη: Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση, (σ.63-311). University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work characterized a passion forΠεριφερειακή justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ΣτοareΜέρος Γ΄, by Ανάπτυξη Ανάπτυξη, ειδικότερες and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ρυθμίσεις, Πολιτικές, Μέσα, Εργαλεία, (σ. 329-422). G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Στο Μέρος Δ΄, Διεθνείς Οργανισμοί, Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση και αναπτυξιακές παρεμβάσεις της, (σ. 427-484). Η Συγγραφέας γνωρίζει άριστα τα θέματα που πραγματεύεται, τα προσεγγίζει με επιστημονική διεισδυτική ματιά και κάνει χρήση πότε της επαγωγικής και πότε της απαγωγικής μεθόδου ανάλυσης ή και συγκερασμό των δύο. Χρησιμοποιεί εύληπτο επιστημονικό λόγο, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS πειστικό και αποδεικτικό των ισχυρισμών της, με χρήση επιχειρημάτων Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, και κατάθεση παραδειγμάτων, με συνεπικουρία διαγραμμάτων, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect στατιστικών πινάκων, υποδειγμάτων και χαρτών. Είναι μεθοδική και Student of the School of Architecture προσεγγίζει με κριτική σκέψη τα Κεφάλαια του συγκεκριμένου Technical University of Crete γνωστικού αντικειμένου και έτσι βοηθά τον Αναγνώστη να έχει 1. Introductory approach: the concept καλύτερη πρόσληψη της Defining “ύλης” και να αφομοιώσει την παρεχόμενη 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, theκτήμα ancientτου. Greek philosopher, γνώση ώστε να γίνει ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a σχετικά great Στη μάλλον φτωχή ελληνική βιβλιογραφία, με αυτό the το among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. αντικείμενο, το συγκεκριμένο σύγγραμμα φαίνεται πως είναι το acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term μοναδικό δενurban εκτείνεται και σεisinάλλα πέρα από the εκείνα 1 (and Based, που therefore, on this “principle” a first,κεφάλαια if (in notthe final, approach, term gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 του Θεσμικού Πλαισίου Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης. Παραμένει, επίσης, gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various αυστηρά προσηλωμένο στα θέματα που άπτονται του «Θεσμικού Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, Πλαισίου» the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has,της results also rising of τέλος land prices theof Οι βιογραφικές αναφορές Συγγραφέα στο κάθε (and σελίδας whatever otherστην consequences has, results also risingτου of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). συμβάλλουν καλύτερη σκιαγράφηση επιστημονικού potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at firstπροσωπικότητάς in the UK in early 1960s it refers to πορτρέτου και της πολυσχιδούς της, and διότι μέσω The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αυτών πιστοποιείται μια συνεχής παρουσία στα πεδία του Θεσμικού the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Πλαισίου Περιφερειακής London, upgrade them, stayΑνάπτυξης. themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Συνοψίζοντας, κυρία Δεληθέου Βασιλική, Τακτική Επίκουρη being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this η phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Καθηγήτρια του Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου, μεrecorded τηof συγκεκριμένη A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major καλαίσθητη καιcountries, επιστημονικά έκδοση προσφέρει πλούσια γνώση cities in Western by otherάρτια Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has scholars and for its more και γόνιμους προβληματισμούς σε several Οικονομολόγους, Νομικούς, Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Χωροτάκτες, Περιφερειολόγους, Περιβαλλοντολόγους, Αρχιτέκτονες – comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following:της Τοπικής Μηχανικούς, ofΠολιτικούς επιστήμονες, σ’ ανθρώπους interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aΠανεπιστημιακών trend of a new of social groups Αυτοδιοίκησης, στους Φοιτητές Τμημάτων στα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money οποία θα μπορούσε να διδάσκεται το βιβλίο, αλλά και σε όλους and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the εκείνους πουatcomes θέλουν ναSociologist μυηθούν στα μυστικά του Θεσμικού 1.of The term from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASSΠλαισίου wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Επιπροσθέτως είναιPrague, πολύτιμο βοήθημα σεshe όσους φιλοδοξούν να lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, London and car Neweasier York came to back to London, in According 1943 sheγίνουν published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the είναι ή να επιτυχημένοι Ερευνητές-Μελετητές ήtoΕπιχειρηματίες. to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Εκδόσεις ΠΑΠΑΖΗΣΗ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, ConcernsΔΕΛΤΙΟ of Gentrification ΤΥΠΟΥ Concerns Μία νέα σημαντική μονογραφία εξακοσίων σελίδων, με τίτλο

"Θεσμικό Πλαίσιο Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης", της Επίκουρης By Mr. George-Sp. Κ.Π.Ε. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Καθηγήτριας του Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου Βασιλικής Δ. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ, έθεσαν σε κυκλοφορία οι Εκδόσεις ΠΑΠΑΖΗΣΗ. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Η Συγγραφέας, γνωστή και από άλλες σχετικές εργασίες της, Student of the School of Architecture υπογραμμίζει, μεταξύ άλλων, στην έκδοση Technical αυτή University και τα ofεξής: Crete Είναι κοινός τόπος, ότι οι εκάστοτε φορείς της Εκτελεστικής Εξουσίας 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept ενός κρατικού μορφώματος όλων the των βαθμίδων, θέτουν μεταξύ των 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, κύριων προτεραιοτήτων τους την ανάπτυξη – στην οικονομική, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the κοινωνική και πολιτιστική της διάσταση – σε Εθνικό, Περιφερειακό και among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Τοπικό επίπεδο, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη το εφήμερο καιofτο χρονικά acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term περιορισμένο τηςurban εξουσίας τους, με is σκοπό την επίτευξη της ευημερίας 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 των πολιτών. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Με βάση τους εν χρήσει νέους όρους περί ανάπτυξης, είναι Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofηlow-income and thethis placement there of artists, αυτονόητο, ότι εδώ νοείται λεγόμενη βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη, ήτοι η the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever has, results also rising of land prices (and και theof ανάπτυξη,other η consequences οποία συνθέτει οικονομικούς, κοινωνικούς whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). περιβαλλοντικούς στόχους, που αποβλέπουν: potential relative speculation). TheΣε term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to επίτευξη διατηρήσιμης οικονομικής ανάπτυξης. Σε ενίσχυση The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor της συνοχής, με δίκαιηpeople κατανομή καιinάρση τυχόνof the κοινωνικής then observed trend wealthy to there buyπόρων property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are αποκλεισμών. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Σε προστασία του φυσικού being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is includedκαι in theτου work ofανθρωπογενούς Sociologist Ruth περιβάλλοντος. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major την πραγμάτωση αυτών των στόχων είναι αυτονόητο, ότι cities inΓια Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byπερίπτωση other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and και for its more «επιστρατεύονται» κατά κάθε ενδεδειγμένη εφικτή Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various στρατηγική και πολιτική και κάθε μέσο και μέτρο, καθώς επίσης, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, αξιοποιούνταιof the κατάλληλες διαδικασίες και the η following: κεκτημένη εμπειρία, interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups εγχώρια ή/και αλλοδαπής προέλευσης. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Έκφανση των ανωτέρω προσεγγίσεων, κατά την τρέχουσα and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the διεθνή πρακτική, αποτελεί συνήθως η1912-1940. σύμπηξη οργανωμένων 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an importantτης study entitled: υποδοχέων δραστηριοτήτων, με σκοπό διάφορες περιοχές χώρας services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for να «λειτουργήσουν» κατά κύρια ή αποκλειστική προτεραιότητα με lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the βάση σχετικό σχεδιασμό. toολοκληρωμένο another approach, the is due a systematic and 14

University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ISBN 978-960-02-3436-7, Σχήμα 17x24, Σελίδες 600, Τιμή: €35,00 (δεν Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aσυμπερ. variety 6% of ways, inΈκδοση order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ΦΠΑ) Αθήνα 2018

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Ελένη Καββαδία Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Το Ειδικό Καθεστώς Οικονομικών Δραστηριοτήτων του Ελληνικού

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

Κράτους και Ελλήνων Υπηκόων Χώρες των Βαλκανίων:Architect By Mr. σε George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Student of the School of Architecture

Θεωρητικές Προσεγγίσεις και Εμπειρικοί Προσανατολισμοί Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification Helen Kavvadia 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of The special status of economic activities of the Hellenic State the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative and of Greek citizens in Balkan countries: potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor theoretical approaches and empirical perspectives the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: Β΄έκδοση In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, ΚΕΝΤΡΟ ΕΠΙΜΟΡΦΩΣΗΣ, ΜΕΛΕΤΩΝ in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ΕΡΕΥΝΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΞΗΣ University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Αθήναι, 2018 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252115 11

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ΣΗΜΕΙΩΜΑ ΤΟΥ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofΕΚΔΟΤΗ Intervention, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ΤοDefinition, Κέντρο Επιμόρφωσης, Μελετών, Έρευνας και Ανάπτυξης, συσταθέν εν έτει 1990, εν τηConcerns επιθυμία των Μελών της Διοίκησής του, συγκειμένης εκ Καθηγητών Πανεπιστημίου και Ειδικών Επιστημόνων,

να «διαχέεται», κατά το δυνατόν, σε ευρύτερους κύκλους η γνώση και By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS να προβάλλονται διαπρεπείς Επιστήμονες, αποφάσισε την έκδοση του Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ανά χείρας έργου της κυρίας Ελένης Καββαδία. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Τα Μέλη του Δ.Σ. του Κέντρου έκριναν, ότι εν λόγω έργο, Student of theτο School of Architecture προϊόν μακράς συστηματικής έρευνας και λίαν ευδοκίμου Technical University of Crete επιστημονικής και επαγγελματικής δραστηριότητας, είναι ιδιαζόντως 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept υψηλής ποιότηταςapproach: και αναφέρεται σε ενδιαφέροντα θέματα. 1. Introductory Defining theεξόχως concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -«σύλληψη» 370 BC, Athens), Το όλον έργο διακρίνεται για την πρωτότυπη του ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the κεντρικού πυρήνα, τον πλούτο των στοιχείων, το μεγάλο εύρος της among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the θεματολογίας, την on συνθετική κριτική των επιapproach, μέρους πτυχών acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, this “principle” aθεώρηση first, if of not final, the term 1 διαφόρων ζητημάτων. Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Σε μία περίοδο τα Βαλκάνια γίνονται καιfrom πάλιthis, αντικείμενο Sociology as well), as the όπου “refining” of a city area, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofοι a city area, the from this,δεν (inartists, various διεθνούς ενδιαφέροντος, καθώς χώρες περιοχής που είναι ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andτης theremoval placement there of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the of artΕυρωατλαντικών galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, of ήδηoperation μέλη των Δομών δρομολογούν την regardless ενταξιακή the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results also rising land prices theof τους πορεία, η Ελλάδα has, επανεξετάζει την of πολιτική της(and στην whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Νοτιοανατολική Ευρώπη, όπου οι οικονομικές σχέσεις διαδραματίζουν potential relative speculation). The term gentrification at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to πρωταγωνιστικό ρόλο. is found The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor Η upgrade Συγγραφέας Ελένη Καββαδία έχει the then observed trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, them, stayκυρία themselves sometimes and thusπολυδιάστατες old residents areof ακαδημαϊκές σπουδές στην Οικονομία, την Διοίκηση London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there andΕπιχειρήσεων, thus old residentsτα are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Συστήματα Πληροφοριών και την Γεωστρατηγική, στην Ελλάδα και A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth στοAΕξωτερικό. Επιπλέον η similar επαγγελματική της ενασχόληση μεmajor την GLASS at the same period, while in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Νοτιοανατολική Ευρώπη, ως Researchers. ανώτερο Στέλεχος της Ευρωπαϊκής cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several μέρος scholars andυπό for εξέταση its more Τράπεζας Επενδύσεων, κατά το μεγαλύτερο της Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from περιόδου, της επιτρέπει να being έχει summarized επιτόπια γνώση και προσωπική comprehensive approach are below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: εμπειρία στο θέμα. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Το έργο έχει ως βάση Διδακτορική Διατριβή της κυρίας Ελένης to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Καββαδία, με θὲμα οικονομικών and time to travel from«Το the ειδικό purlieusκαθεστώς to downtown, where workδραστηριοτήτων place is, lack of the του Ελληνικού Κράτους ως Μέλους της Ένωσης καιin 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outsideΕυρωπαϊκής town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Ελλήνων σε Χώρες των Βαλκανίων: προσεγγίσεις services of Υπηκόων health, education, entertainment “at theΘεωρητικές heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where και εμπειρικοί προσανατολισμοί», που υπεβλὴθη στο Τμήμα studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 she became teacher in the According to another approach, the phenomenon is due to a systematic and Οικονομικής και Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης του Παντείου University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Πανεπιστημίου Κοινωνικών και Πολιτικών Αθηνών και her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also:Επιστημών COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ενεκρίθη το 2016, της οποίας υπήρξα Επιβλέπων Καθηγητής. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Προσεγγίζει το θέμα ολιστικά, εξετάζοντας τόσο την επίσημη

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αναπτυξιακή βοήθεια μέσω του Ελληνικού Σχεδίου Οικονομικής Ανασυγκρότησης των Βαλκανίων-ΕΣΟΑΒ, όσο και τις Ελληνικές άμεσες ξένες επενδύσεις σε επτά χώρες της Νοτιοανατολικής Ευρώπης, και συγκεκριμένα Αλβανία, Βοσνία και Ερζεγοβίνη, Βουλγαρία, Κροατία, ΠΓΔΜ, Ρουμανία και Σερβία. Από αυτές, εν τω μεταξύ μόνο δύο είναι ήδη μέλη της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, ενώ οι υπόλοιπες πέντε φιλοδοξούν By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS να ενταχθούν ως το 2025. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Το βιβλίο και κατά βάση η Διδακτορική Διατριβή στηνStudent, οποία By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect βασίζεται πραγματεύεται ένα θέμα με ιδιαίτερο ερευνητικό ενδιαφέρον Student of the School of Architecture καθότι, την εικοσαετή περίοδο 1990-2010, η Ελλάδα γίνεται για πρώτη Technical University of Crete φορά στην ιστορία της, τόσο χορηγός/δωρητής Επίσημης 1. Introductory approach: the concept Αναπτυξιακής Βοήθειας - Defining (ΕΑΒ), μέσω του Ελληνικού Σχεδίου για την 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek Οικονομική Ανασυγκρότηση των philosopher, Βαλκανίων - (ΕΣΟΑΒ), όσο και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherΆμεσων wise heritage he Επενδύσεων left us, he established a και great the εξαγωγέας Ξένων - (ΑΞΕ), μάλιστα σε μια among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. περιοχή, και κατά μιαstarts χρονική συγκυρία, όπου γίνονται ιστορικές acquisition of knowledge with the the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term γεωπολιτικές καιurban γεωοικονομικές με εμπλεκόμενη 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inανακατατάξεις, a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 ολόκληρη την Διεθνή Κοινότητα. Για τον λόγο αυτό η gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, ofάλλωστε Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various οικονομική εμπλοκή της Ελλάδας στα Βαλκάνια έχει απασχολήσει Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, κυρίως την Ελληνική, αλλά και μερικώς την ξένη Βιβλιογραφία, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results rising of land (and the πρωτίστως Επιστήμονες απόhas, χώρες τηςalso Βαλκανικής, καιprices όχι μόνο. Τοof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and potential relative θέμα εξετάζεται σε επτά χώρες, στις οποίες επικεντρώνεται και the η potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to οικονομική δραστηριότητα τόσο του Ελληνικού Κράτους, μέσω The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trendκαι ofiswealthy to buy property poor διμερών συμφωνιών, του Εθνικού ΕΣΟΑΒ,ininόσο και τωνof the then observed trend wealthy peopleΣχεδίου to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are Ελλήνων υπηκόων, υπό την μορφή ΑΞΕ. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ως προς “squeezed”. διάρθρωση 16 being indirectly A description ofτην this τυπική phenomenon is includedηinμελέτη the workπεριλαμβάνει of Sociologist Ruth συνολικά Κεφάλαια, ταwhile 15 similar εκ isτων οποίων 5 A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere theταξινομούνται work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same situations recorded in other σε major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major θεματικές ενότητες ενώ το 16ο Κεφάλαιο αποτελεί τον Επίλογο cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more διαπιστώσεων και συμπερασμάτων. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars and for its του, more comprehensive approach are being summarized from various Το έργο παρουσιάζει ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον τόσο για τοthe θέμα comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, following: ερευνητική που παραμένει επίκαιρο, όσοofκαι για την the πρωτότυπη interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: social groups In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new μεθοδολογία και την διεπιστημονική προσέγγιση, που ofκεντρίζει το to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ενδιαφέρον για ένα ευρύ αναγνωστικό κοινό, με αναζητήσεις που and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the γεωγραφικά άπτονται στηνresidencies Νοτιοανατολική Ευρώπη, και θεματικά σεin 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the distributed outside town centres, search for Berlin, where she made her και first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Νομικό επίπεδο, αλλά στους τομείς των Πολιτικών Επιστημών και services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Διεθνών Σχέσεων, της Prague, Οικονομικής Διπλωματίας, των Διεθνών lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, London and car New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. Inκαι 1950 sheto became teacher in the Οικονομικών, Ευρωπαϊκής Ολοκλήρωσης της Επιχειρηματικής toτης another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Στρατηγικής. Περαιτέρω ενδιαφέρει ερευνητικά όσους ασχολούνται με her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate,της etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London The Free Encyclopedia: την μεθοδολογία αξιολόγησης και 2009. της WIKIPEDIA: χρήσης επιχειρηματικών Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aμοντέλων variety of ανάλυσης, ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, όπως PEST, SWOT, VRIO, “voluntary”, το μοντέλο(actually «πέντε 252117 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

δυνάμεων ή ανταγωνιστικών δυνάμεων» (the five forces model) και το μοντέλο «αλυσίδα αξίας» (the value chain model) του M. Porter. Ειδικά για όσους ενδιαφέρονται για το ΕΣΟΑΒ, η μελέτη περιλαμβάνει μια κριτική προσέγγιση, λεπτομερή ανάλυση της λειτουργίας και δραστηριότητάς του, καθώς και την πρώτη αξιολόγησή του, με βάση την μεθοδολογία Διεθνών Οργανισμών. Η αξιολόγηση, με την George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS παράλληλη αποτίμηση των By Mr. αποτελεσμάτων, δεν αποτελεί Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, παρελθοντολογία, αλλά καθίσταται χρήσιμη για τον σχεδιασμό και By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect εφαρμογή μελλοντικών παρομοίων δράσεων. Student of the School of Architecture Η μελέτη συνδυάζει τις θεωρητικές προσεγγίσεις, εμπειρικούς Technicalμε University of Crete προσανατολισμούς, τόσο όσον αφορά στις οικονομικές 1. Introductory του approach: Defining the concept δραστηριότητες Ελληνικού Κράτους, όσο και Ελλήνων Υπηκόων σε 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek BC - 370προσέγγιση, BC, Athens), χώρες των Βαλκανίων. Εδράζει σε philosopher, μια στέρεα (444 θεωρητική ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ολοκληρωμένη και διεξοδική στατιστική ανάλυση αξιόπιστων among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. στοιχείων ταknowledge οποία προέρχονται από επίσημες βάσειςof concepts. δεδομένων acquisition of starts with theindefinition the content Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Διεθνών, και ΕθνικώνisinΦορέων, των οποίων έχειtheγίνει 1 (and urban Based, Ευρωπαϊκών therefore, on this “principle” a first, if (in not final, approach, term gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 χρονική εναρμόνιση, ώστε να καλύπτεται ολόκληρη η εικοσαετής υπό gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various εξέταση περίοδος 1990-2010, ενώ παράλληλα έχει γίνει εκτεταμένη Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andτην thethis placement of artists, γραφική επεξεργασία, μεrestaurants, απώτερο σκοπό συγκρισιμότητα των the operation of art galleries, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof αντίστοιχων στοιχείων. whatever otherλόγους consequences resultsότι alsoτοrising landκυρίας prices Ελένης (and the potential speculation). Γιαrelative τους αυτούςhas, θεωρώ, έργοofτης potential relative speculation). The term gentrification found at first inτους the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Καββαδία αφ΄ενὸς μενis επιτυγχάνει στόχους και απαντά στα The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ερωτήματα εντός trend του τεθέντος πεδίου αφ΄ετέρου δε the then observed wealthyεπιστημονικού people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof αποτελεί χρήσιμο σημείο υποδειγματικής καιoldπεραιτέρω London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimesαναφοράς there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. έρευνας σε σχετικούς τομείς ιδίως σε μια περιοχή της ΕΕ η οποία being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth επηρεάζεται άμεσα συμπεριφορά της από τιςof Sociologist εξελίξεις της A description ofperiod, thisστην phenomenon is situations included inwere the work Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major διεθνούς γεωπολιτικής γεωοικονομίας. cities in Western countries, και by other Researchers. cities countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Ηin Western κριτική αναδρομή στηνResearchers. Ελληνική οικονομική συνεργασία με Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various χώρες της Βαλκανικής κατά την εικοσαετία 1990-2010, την οποία comprehensivethe approach are being summarized from the various interpretations phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: παρουσιάζει of το έργο αυτό, μπορεί να χρησιμεύσει ως βάση για interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups μελλοντικές δράσεις στην περιοχή, τόσο του Ελληνικού Κράτους, όσο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money και Ελλήνων επενδυτών. Παρά την οικονομική κρίση, η Ελληνική and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the οικονομία παραμένει συγκριτικά ισχυρή, με1912-1940. ακαθάριστο εθνικό προϊόν 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for was born in sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, better Berlin, where she madeτο her συνολικό first studies. όλων In 1932 she published an important study entitled: μεγαλύτερο από των υπό ένταξη χωρών, ενώ services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for παράλληλα, αγορές αποτελούν γιαto τις Ελληνικές lower living costοιof,ξένες “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Newδιέξοδο York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. υποτονικής In 1950 sheto became teacher in the επιχειρήσεις, τις τρέχουσες συνθήκες στην toυπό another approach, the phenomenon is due aζήτησης systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying εγχώρια αγορά. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for depreciation initially part of the urban web, in 10th edit. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ΓιαWil. τον λόγο αυτό, η the ιστορική αναδρομή, ηofμέθοδος ανάλυσης και G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. wetzel/gentry.htm aηGentrification: variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually συμπερασματική σύνθεση πουhttp://www.uncanny.net/ παρουσιάζονται σ΄αυτό, μπορούν να

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

είναι χρήσιμες σε Φορείς τόσο του δημόσιου, όσο και του ιδιωτικού τομέα, οι οποίοι ασχολούνται με την χάραξη επίσημης κρατικής οικονομικής πολιτικής και οικονομικής διπλωματίας, καθώς και επενδυτικά σχέδια στην περιοχή, αντίστοιχα. Πέραν αυτών, το έργο απευθύνεται στην Ακαδημαϊκή Κοινότητα, καθότι αποτελεί Β΄ έκδοση Διδακτορικής Διατριβής, η οποία Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS υποστηρίχθηκε με επιτυχία στοByΠάντειο Πανεπιστήμιο το 2016. Η Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, διεπιστημονική προσέγγιση του θέματος το καθιστά χρήσιμο για By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Ακαδημαϊκούς Μελετητές της Νοτιοανατολικής Ευρώπης με υπόβαθρο Student of the School of Architecture διεθνών και ευρωπαϊκών σχέσεων, διεθνών οικονομικών, ή Technical University of Crete επιχειρηματικής στρατηγικής, αλλά και σε όσους ασχολούνται με 1. Introductory approach:και Defining the concept πτυχές του θέματος. νομικές, γεωπολιτικές γεωοικονομικές 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον παρουσιάζει και η πρωτότυπη μεθοδολογία, η ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the οποία χρησιμοποιεί γνωστά μοντέλα της επιχειρηματικής στρατηγικής, among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. με καινοτόμους τρόπους καιwith σε νέους τομείς εφαρμογής. Η του acquisition of knowledge starts theindefinition the content of ένταξη concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term θέματος γεωπολιτικό οικονομικό περιβάλλον καιterm τα 1 γενικότερο Based,στο therefore, on this “principle” is inκαι a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the (and urban gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 σχετικά Κεφάλαια διευρύνουν τον κύκλο Ερευνητών, οι οποίοι gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various μπορούν να αντλήσουν χρήσιμες πληροφορίες για την Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, of low-income and the placement of artists, μακροοικονομική, και usually γεωπολιτική κατάσταση της περιοχής, καθώς και the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever consequences alsoΟργανισμών. rising of land Οι prices (and και theof τον ρόλο other άλλων κρατών καιhas, τωνresults Διεθνών πλήρεις whatever other consequences has, results also rising land prices the potential relative speculation). ομοιογενείς στατιστικοί πίνακες εντάσσουν το ofβιβλίο στις (and πηγές potential relative speculation). The termγια gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to αναφοράς περαιτέρω έρευνες. The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Αν και το εν trend γένει θέμα της Ελληνικής οικονομικής the then observed wealthy people to there buy property inπαρέμβασης poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof στα Βαλκάνια έχει αντικείμενο πολλαπλής London, upgrade them,αποτελέσει stay themselves sometimes there and thusσυγγραφικής old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. δραστηριότητας, αυτό είναι το μόνο που ασχολείται τόσο με being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of το thisβιβλίο phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth την Aάμεση «εμπλοκή» του Ελληνικού Κράτους, όσο καιmajor την description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theκρατική same while similar recorded in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major έμμεση, μέσω του ΕΣΟΑΒ και των ιδιωτικών επενδύσεων, αντίστοιχα. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several for its more Επί πλέον, είναι το πρώτο ερευνητικό έργο, scholars το οποίοand περιλαμβάνει Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its που more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the τόσο θεωρητικές, όσο και εμπειρικές προσεγγίσεις, και το πρώτο comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: παρουσιάζει ofμια αξιολόγηση, και όχι απλή καταγραφή της interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups δραστηριότητας του ΕΣΟΑΒ. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Η επιχειρηματολογία ρέει από το γενικότερο προς το ειδικότερο, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the και 1.χωρίζεται σεdistributed πέντε θεματικές ενότητες, αρχίζοντας μεbetter τονin termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for was born sense ofThe safety the residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her θέματος first studies. και In 1932της she published an important study entitled: προσδιορισμό του ερευνητικής διαδικασίας, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for περνώντας συνέχεια στην ανάλυση του πριν lower living costστην of, in “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she cameπλαισίου, back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the εντρυφήσει στο κυρίως θέμα,the έτσι ώστεIn να μην διακόπτεται η to another approach, phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying επιχειρηματολογία. Παράλληλα, η διάταξη του βιβλίου επιτρέπει στον her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: αναγνώστη τον εύκολο εντοπισμό των2009. θεμάτων τουof ενδιαφέροντός Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aτου, variety ways, in order toΚεφαλαίου achieve theξεχωριστά, “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually και ηofαυτοτέλεια κάθε επιτρέπει ακόμη και 252119 11

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σημείων του βιβλίου, απ’ όπου ο αναγνώστης μπορεί να 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ερωτήσεις. αντλήσει στοιχεία για πιθανές συγκεκριμένες 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, Το έργο διακρίνεται για την πρωτοτυπία του ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the θέματος, το μεγάλο εύρος της επιμέρους θεματολογίας, among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. την καινοτόμα αναλυτική προσέγγιση, την the εύστοχη acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term συνθετική θεώρηση, και τον πλούτο των στοιχείων. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Εν κατακλείδι, το εν λόγω έργο, εκτός της gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various σημαντικής επιστημονικής συμβολής του στην εν γένει Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofπολλαπλού low-income and thethis placement of artists, έρευνα συγχρόνων θεμάτων ενδιαφέροντος, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other results alsoένα rising of land prices (and theof συνιστά, πέρανconsequences των άλλων,has, αφ΄εαυτού πολύτιμο whatever other consequences results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). εργαλείο, για όλους εκείνους,has, οι οποίοι αντιμετωπίζουν potential relative speculation). The term gentrification at first in the UKευρωπαϊκού in early 1960s and it refers to συναφή ζητήματα εντόςis found εθνικού, διεθνούς, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor και περιβάλλοντος. theπαγκοσμίου then observed trend wealthyΑποτελεί people toκαι buyπολύτιμο property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof εργαλείο για όλους εκείνους που ασχολούνται με συναφή London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ζητήματα, καθότι είναι γραμμένο εύγλωττα, being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the workέχει of Sociologist Ruth συνεκτική δομή και γραφήματα, ώστε A description of thisπεριέχει phenomenon is situations includedέτσι inwere the workνα of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major είναι κατανοητό γιαby ένα ευρύ κοινό Κρατικών cities in Western countries, other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byΣυμβούλων other Researchers. Since then,Στελεχών the issue και has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Λειτουργών, Επιχειρήσεων.

Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Καθηγητής Κωνσταντίνος ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ interpretations of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theΚέντρου phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new Πρόεδρος του Επιμόρφωσης, Μελετών, Έρευνας of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money και Ανάπτυξης, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Ομότιμος Καθηγητής του Ruth Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου termat comes from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In Πολιτικών 1932 she published an important study entitled: Κοινωνικών και Επιστημών, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Σπουδών Πανεπ. Αθηνών lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva,Προγρ. Prague, London and car New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Πρόεδρος της Σχολής Νομικών to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying και Κοινωνικών Επιστημών her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofΚύπρου, part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: του Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, order to Bruxelles, achieve theEx. “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Ex.in Ch. L.U.L., Int. I.I.A.P., Paris

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Ελένη Καββαδία GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Το Ειδικό Καθεστώς Οικονομικών Δραστηριοτήτων του Ελληνικού Κράτους και ΕλλήνωνConcerns Υπηκόων σε Χώρες των Βαλκανίων: Θεωρητικές Προσεγγίσεις και Εμπειρικοί Προσανατολισμοί

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ΠΡΟΛΟΓΟΣ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete Του κ. Πλούταρχου ΣΑΚΕΛΛΑΡΗ,

Καθηγητού στο Τμήμα Οικονομικής Επιστήμης, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Της Σχολής Οικονομικών Επιστημών του Οικονομικού 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Επιτίμου Αντιπροέδρου της Ευρωπαϊκής Τράπεζας Επενδύσεων among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Ένα από τα αποτελέσματα της κρίσης που μαστίζει την ελληνική Sociology asκαι well), as the “refining” of a city area, from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there artists, οικονομία κοινωνία την τελευταία δεκαετία είναι η of έντονη ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries,εκτός restaurants, Howeverμας. this “change”, regardless of αναζήτηση ευκαιριών των etc. συνόρων Ο επιχειρηματικός the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof κόσμος αναζητεί νέους εξαγωγικούς ενώprices στελέχη whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, resultsπροορισμούς, also rising of land (andμε the potential relative υψηλό ανθρώπινο κεφάλαιο αναζητούν εργασία στο εξωτερικό. Είναι potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to εύκολο, αλλά καθόλου να αγνοήσουμε ότι έχει The term gentrification iswealthy found at first in the UK in earlyεξωστρέφεια 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofσωστό, people to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas επιδείξει η ελληνική οικονομική κοινότητα καιthusπροηγουμένως. London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thus old residents Χαρακτηριστικό παράδειγμα ήτανsometimes η εικοσαετία 1990-2010 και are η being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work Sociologist Ruth συμμετοχή μας στην οικονομική ανάπτυξη των ofΒαλκανίων. Ο A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major γεωπολιτικός σεισμός που επέφερε η διάλυση της Σοβιετική Ένωσης GLASS at the same period, while situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, othersimilar Researchers. οδήγησε τις χώρες τωνby Βαλκανίων σε μετάβαση σε οικονομία αγοράς cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. then, the συγκεκριμένες issue has preoccupied several scholars and forέσπευσε its more καιSince δημιούργησε ανάγκες. Η ελληνική κοινωνία Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from να ανταποκριθεί σε αυτές τις ανάγκες και να εκμεταλλευθεί τις comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ευκαιρίες που δημιουργήθηκαν. Η ελληνική κυβέρνηση προχώρησε σε interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups επίσημη βοήθεια του Ελληνικού Σχεδίου to “return” toαναπτυξιακή the city, leaving the purlieus μέσω for several reasons: high costs in money Οικονομικής Ανασυγκρότησης των Βαλκανίων (ΕΣΟΑΒ). δε and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lackΟof the 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at theτομέας distributed residenciesσε outside townξένες centres, search for better επιχειρηματικός προχώρησε άμεσες επενδύσεις στιςin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) γειτονικές χώρες.education, Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came back to αναδρομή London, Το βιβλίο της Ελένης Καββαδία παραθέτει μια κριτική in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and στην Ελληνική οικονομική συνεργασία με χώρες της Βαλκανικής κατά University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. την εικοσαετία 1990-2010. Προσεγγίζει το θέμα ολιστικά, εξετάζοντας and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: τόσο την επίσημη αναπτυξιακή βοήθεια μέσω του ΕΣΟΑΒ, όσο και τις G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns Ελληνικές άμεσες ξένες επενδύσεις σε επτά χώρες της

Νοτιοανατολικής Ευρώπης, και συγκεκριμένα Αλβανία, By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS Βοσνία & Ερζεγοβίνη, Βουλγαρία, Κροατία, C. ΠΓΔΜ, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Ρουμανία και Σερβία. Από αυτές, εν τω μεταξύ μόνο δύο By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect είναι ήδη μέλη της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, ενώ οι Student of the School of Architecture υπόλοιπες πέντε φιλοδοξούν να ενταχθούν ως τοTechnical 2025. University of Crete Η Συγγραφέας του βιβλίου κρίνει γενικά ως θετικά Introductory approach: Defining the concept τα 1. αποτελέσματα αυτής της ελληνικής «απόβασης» στα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek Βαλκάνια, αναγνωρίζοντας όμωςphilosopher, τις θεσμικές και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: among other wise αδυναμίες heritage he left us, he established a great the στρατηγικές που μείωσαν(444 την 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. αποτελεσματικότητα τους εγχειρήματος. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Σήμερα τα Βαλκάνια γίνονται και αντικείμενο 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aπάλι first, if notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 διεθνούς ενδιαφέροντος καθώς οι χώρες της περιοχής gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various που δεν είναι ήδη μέλη των Ευρω-Ατλαντικών δομών Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andαποτέλεσμα, thethis placement of artists, δρομολογούν ενταξιακή τους πορεία. Ως the operation ofτην art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless otherεπανεξετάζει consequences has, also rising land prices (and theof ηwhatever Ελλάδα την results πολιτική της of στην whatever otherspeculation). consequences has,οι results also risingσχέσεις of land prices (and the potential relative Νοτιοανατολική Ευρώπη, όπου οικονομικές potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the in early 1960s διαδραματίζουν πρωταγωνιστικό ρόλο. ΗUK ανάλυση την and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor οποία παρουσιάζει το βιβλίο αυτό, μπορεί χρησιμεύσει the then observed trend wealthy people να to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof ως βάση για μελλοντικές στην περιοχή, τόσο London, upgrade them, stayδράσεις themselves sometimes there andτου thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ελληνικού Κράτους, και Ελλήνων επενδυτών. Παρά being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of thisόσο phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth την οικονομική κρίση, ηwhile Ελληνική παραμένει A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isοικονομία included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same similar situations in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major συγκριτικά ισχυρή, μεby ακαθάριστο εγχώριο προϊόν cities in Western countries, other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then,από the issue has several scholars and for its more μεγαλύτερο το συνολικό όλων των υπό ένταξη Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from χωρών, ενώ παράλληλα, οι ξένες αγορές αποτελούνandthe comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, following: διέξοδο για τιςofΕλληνικές επιχειρήσεις, υπό τις the τρέχουσες interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, aεγχώρια trend of aαγορά. new of social groups συνθήκες υποτονικής ζήτησης στην to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Η Συγγραφέας Ελένη Καββαδία έχει πολυδιάστατες and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ακαδημαϊκές σπουδές. Επιπλέον η GLASS, επαγγελματική τηςsearch termat comes from Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where sheμε madeτην her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ενασχόληση Νοτιοανατολική Ευρώπη, ως services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Ανώτερο Στέλεχος Ευρωπαϊκής lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva,της Prague, London and car Neweasier YorkΤράπεζας she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Επενδύσεων, κατά το μεγαλύτερο μέρος της υπό to another approach, the phenomenon isεξέταση due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying περιόδου, της επιτρέπει να έχει επιτόπια γνώση και her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: προσωπική εμπειρία στοfor θέμα. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete ΠΡΟΠΤΥΧΙΑΚΑ ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ METAΠΤΥΧΙΑΚΑ ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ

1. Οικονομικές Introductory approach: Defining the concept Επιστήμες & Διοίκηση Οικονομικές Επιστήμες & Διοίκηση 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept • Διοίκηση Επιχειρήσεων • Διοίκηση Επιχειρήσεων (ΜΒΑ) ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), • MBA στα Ναυτιλιακά • Τραπεζική, Λογιστική και Χρηματοοικονομικά ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the • MBA στα Τουριστικά among other wiseΜηχανική heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: Αρχιτεκτονική, & he acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. the • Δημόσια Διοίκηση με κατευθύνσεις: Γεωπεριβαλλοντικές Γενική Διοίκηση acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on Επιστήμες this “principle” a first,• if not final, approach, the term • Εκπαιδευτική Διοίκηση 1 • Αρχιτεκτονική Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification • Διοίκηση Υπηρεσιών Υγείας 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated • Αρχιτεκτονική Τοπίου gentrification (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various • Τραπεζικά, Επενδυτικά και Χρηματοοικονομικά • Εκτίμηση και Ανάπτυξη Ακινήτων Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various • Λογιστική & Χρηματοοικονομικά ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, • Πολιτική Μηχανική ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Αρχιτεκτονική, Μηχανική & the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Γεωπεριβαλλοντικές Επιστήμες Επιστήμες τηςconsequences Υγείας whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative • Εκτίμηση Περιβαλλοντικών Επιπτώσεων • Ψυχολογία potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the και Διοίκηση Αειφορίας UK in early 1960s and it refers to Νομική και Κοινωνικές Επιστήμες • Digital Video Production The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Διαχείριση Κατασκευών Νομική (LLB) the• then observed trend wealthy sometimes people• to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves there and thus old residents areof • Αρχιτεκτονική Τοπίου London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. • Real Estate Άλλα indirectly προπτυχιακά προγράμματα being description “squeezed”. of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth • A Εφαρµοσµένη Πληροφορική Επιστήμες Υγείας A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere theτης work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major • Συμβουλευτική Ψυχολογία GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. • Εκπαιδευτική Ψυχολογία ΕΞ ΑΠΟΣΤΑΣΕΩΣ METAΠΤΥΧΙΑΚΑ cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from Νομική και Κοινωνικές Επιστήμες comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various • Διοίκηση Επιχειρήσεων (ΜΒΑ) • Διεθνές & Ευρωπαϊκό Οικονομικό Δίκαιο interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: • In Εκπαιδευτική Ψυχολογία interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Δημόσια Διοίκηση με κατευθύνσεις: Άλλα μεταπτυχιακά προγράμματα to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money • Γενική Διοίκηση • Θεολογικές Σπουδές and • Εκπαιδευτική Διοίκηση time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the • Ιστορια 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, • Διοίκηση Υπηρεσιών Υγείας • she Πληροφοριακά Συστήµατα Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 published an important study entitled: • Νεότερη και Σύγχρονη Ιστορία services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟ ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ ΠΑΦΟΣ ΔΙΔΑΚΤΟΡΙΚΑ in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the toΠάφος, another approach, the is due a systematic and Λεωφ. Δαναής 2, 8042 Κύπρος College of26843515 London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and T:University 00357 26843331 / 00357 ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying E: recruitment@nup.ac.cy her work are characterized by a passion for justice.ΣΠΟΥΔΩΝ See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in Ελλάδα (Aστική Χρέωση): +30 2155 251for 414 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252123 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect StudentМАРИА of the School of Architecture Ευγενία-Μαρία ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ / ЕВГЕНИЯ АФАНАСОПУЛУ Technical University of Crete

Ανθρωπολογικές και Επικοινωνιακές Προσεγγίσεις της Μουσικής 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he leftτου us, Alexander he established a great the Το Μυστήριο Scriabin among other wiseΜία heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. κριτική ερμηνευτική προσέγγιση acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification ΔΙΑΠΙΣΤΩΣΕΙΣ 1 (and urban gentrification) gentrification indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ,, Краткое Выводы” ways), of social groups, usually ofсодержание low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative «Мистериа» была продолжением Скрябина.Через это potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in theличности UK in early 1960s and it refers to произведении композитор попытался выразить свои философские The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then trend of wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas взгляды иobserved поделиться ими со своейsometimes аудиторией. London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Вbeing «Предварительном Деиствии»isСкрябин сделал попытку объяснить indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth необъяснимое через музыкальное изображение женского и мужского GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major начала, идеи мифа «Эрос и Психея» в то время как в «Божественной cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Поэме» и «Поэме Экстаза» композитор пытался соединить музыку и Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various поэзию. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof toСкрябин a trend ofможет a new of social groups Вinterpretations «Предварительном Деиствии» быть хочет выразить to “return” toЭго the city, leaving времени. the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money отсутствие и понятия and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS was born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside centres, better Затем вдохновленный древним мифом о1912-1940. «town Прометее» он for написал Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofоснованную health, education, entertainment “at the heart of theчтобы city”,movements (possibly) музыку, подвигах героя, воспетьfor Youth Unemployment. The на same year she leftмифического Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies researchчеловеческои in Geneva, Prague, London and которые New York she came back London, сили и and подвиги сущности могли бы to приблизить in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and человека к божественному началу. University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Композитор выразил свои философские идеи через музыкальные Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aмотивы variety ofпоэтических ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “voluntary”, (actually пометок и “assisted”, комментариев в касательно 2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, динамичности произведения. Музыка Скрябина тесно переплетается с Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification его философскими идеями. Concerns Что касается работы пад «Мистерией» и её составными частями

важную роль сыграли философские тексты в духе того времени, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS оказавшие огромное влияние на композитора.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Символизм, теософия, эсхатология как характерная черта Architect эпохи, Student of the School of Architecture западная и индийская философия составляли идейную и социальную Technical University of Crete

основу творчества композитора.

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept

Скрябин пытался approach: приблизиться к теургии через(444 своё произведение. Он 1. Introductory the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), сам ANTISTHENIS, имелцель стать теургом руководить действием в, «Мистерии». the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he и left us, he established a great the

among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the «acquisition Прометей» или «Поэма Огня» этоindefinition сочинение выходящее пределы of knowledge starts with the the content of за concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term музыки через которое композитор намерем повлиять на свою 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 аудиторию. gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Световая строка партитуры определяем философскую и музыкальную ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of оснобу произведения. Но главной целью композитора было заставить the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has,иresults also rising of land prices (and the аудиторию переживать деиствие участвовать в нём. potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Музыка выражает первоначальный хаос перед творением, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy people toсознания, buy property in poor areas рождением,болей мыслью, пробуждением радостью жизин, London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes thus old residents are любовью,грустью сильным желанием,there and долью любовью, being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this is included inначало the work через of Sociologist самореализацией и phenomenon в итоге творческое смертьRuth и A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major возрождение. GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue hasрадикально preoccupied several scholars and for its more Скрябин пытался создать новое музыкальное произведение Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the с используя своё видение гармоний, свои тональности и цвета. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: of the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of aбиполярност, new ofсинестесию, social groups Вinterpretations соченении композитора можно выделить to “return” to the city, leaving аккорд the purlieus for several costs in money мистик корд-Прометеев которые он reasons: связал high с философским and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place lack of the символизмом.Он использовал такие понятия, как is, смерть и 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, возрождение, свет и тьма, экстаз, таинственный зов.... Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London Neweasier York she came to back to London, Он постоянно работал над формой и and структурой своих произведений. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Не исключено,что он использовал части своихresearch. композиций не втех University College of London, where she continued her social Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. also: COLLINS Музыка ENGLISH DICTIONARY. роизведениях для которых он их писалSee изначально. которую and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: он сочинял шлавсовокупности с отдельной философской идеей. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually 252125 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Гармония Скрябина была новаторской в истории Русской Музыки и Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification стала уникальним феноменом как считала В.Дернова (1979:449). Concerns Очень сложно отнести последние произведения Скрябина к

определённому хронологическому периоду так на пример для By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS «Мистерии» характерна как тональная так и атональная музыка! Скрябин первым музыке.

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS создал «tastieraBy perMr.luce» и использовал цвета Architect в своей Student of the School of Architecture Technical University of Crete

Тем самым он approach: внёс огромный в развитие технологического 1. Introductory Definingвклад the concept процесса. 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher,

ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Но несмотря на быстрое развитие технологий их было недостаточно among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the чтобы полностью осуществить идею «Мистерии» какofтого хотел acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term Скрябин. 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term (and urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Вяч. Иванов считал чтоof low-income теургическая идея «Мистерии» была Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually andthe theremoval placement утопической невыполнимой, хотяetc. и However был со Скрябиным в ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andсогласен thethis placement there of artists, the operation ofиart galleries, restaurants, “change”, regardless of теургическом смысле искусства! the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Если представить чтоis found идея at«Мистерии» это теургия это potential relative speculation). The term gentrification first in the UK in early 1960s andтогда it refers to произведение должно исполнено только один раз. Это The term gentrification found at first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refers the then observed trend ofisбыть wealthy people to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property inвыходило poor areas подтверждает мнение Вяч.Иванова. Произведение далеко заof London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents are London, upgrade them, stay themselves рамки привычной формы искусства.sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, thisв phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth Очень важную роль осознаний «Мистерии» сыграли ключевые идеи GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Символизма говорили о радикальном обновлений через cities in Westernкоторые countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more творческое начало. Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Скрябин имел целью помочьof обществу онtheбыл вестник высокой interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, following: interpretations of the phenomenon the following: In a sense, theмысли. phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trendвofсебе a new category of social groups философской «Мистерия» несёт черты универсализма и to “return” toфилософский the city, leaving the purlieus for high costs in money глубокий контекст в several челом,reasons: из чего видно что and time to travel from theпод purlieus to downtown, work placeтекстов. is, lack of the композитор находился влиянием разныхwhere философских termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at theвheart the city”,movements (possibly) Это переносим мирof свободы котораяfor Youthпроизведение Unemployment. The same year sheслушателя left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies andнеотъемлимой research in Geneva,частью Prague, London and New she cameсмысле back to London, является Гармонии в York широком которую in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and мы воспринимаем но where необязательно понимаем. Эту Her Гармонию мы University College of London, she continued her social research. public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH слышим в characterized Прометеевской «дерзости» композитора которыDICTIONARY. украл у and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: богов огонь созидания чтобы сотворить свою Поэму ОгняМистерию. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Design Types and Construction: Definition, of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification The role of new technologies Concerns Georgios - Spyridon C. ATHANASOPOULOS By Mr. Candidate George-Sp.Cambridge C. ATHANASOPOULOS PhD University, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Engineering Department By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Master ofStudent Architecture in Urban Design of the School of Architecture Harvard Graduate School of Design Technical University of Crete Bachelor of Architecture Technical University of Crete

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Definingphilosopher, the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient From Renaissance to the Greek 21st Century ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other heritage he left us, he established a great the One ofwise the main characteristics ofphilosopher, the design profession is the ability to among wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of synchronical knowledge starts with of the content concepts. adapt toother its changes in society. These changes take place in acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term various fields such as the economic realm or the social organization of a state, 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,the if (in not final, approach, the and term gentrification) is the of Planning) (or gentrification as well as in technology and the sciences. Since ages ofarea ancient Egypt 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various its Pyramids, the role of the architect, a term that can be translated from the Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually ofengineer, low-income theremoval placement greek language as the primary wasand to try to invent tools, processes, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operationtechniques of art galleries, etc.common Howeverneeds this “change”, regardless of or material thatrestaurants, would serve and would provide the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the solutions to particular problems. In a similar way, this is also the role of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). technology in general, and that would be the creation of knowledge, materials potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found life. at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to and The methods that aim to facilitate term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the thenOne observed trend of to buy poor fundamental change thatpeople happened atproperty the timeinof Renaissance the then observed trend of wealthy to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof was the invention of thestay perspective drawing. Thisthere wasand seen as old a cutting-edge London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. technology and it“squeezed”. altered the way in which space was perceived. An equivalent being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth shiftAthat takes place would be the extensive use ofofdigital toolsRuth in ofperiod, thistoday phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Sociologist GLASSdescription at the same while similar in other major design and architecture. Digital tools offer a wide range of options in GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. reinterpreting design and in creating particular architectural languages and cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more syntaxes. However, they has also provide the opportunity toand simulate the Since then, the issue several scholars for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the structure of a desirable building in order to explore the performable aspects of comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: the design. In that way, one of the main attempts of this essay is to argue that interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups the new tools not only can be used as form-finding vehicles that to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: highwould costs inexplore money new aesthetics, but at the same time, they can contribute to the and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work placedevelopment is, lack of the of new tectonic principles. 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Simulation tools lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, role of studies the approach, designer and architect isIn to1950 try to adopt theteacher new tools in According 1943As shethe published regarding city planning. she in the to another the phenomenon is due tobecame a systematic and University College of emerge, London, where she continued her socialhis research. Her public and that continuously itorganized should be noted that role would also be to long-term informal effort by groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. critically engage withetc., thefor new and being able accept or decline and selling realCOLLINS estate, thetechniques depreciation initially of parttoof the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: the outcomes of the digital world. As the new simulation tools may enable the G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

designer to interpret his design in terms of functionality, weather and light conditions, and stability, the results of that should not be accepted per se. They should be critically filtered in order to provide feedback for the design. The generation of statistical analysis and data should only be used as way to redefine the strategies and principles that guide the design process.

Computation vs Computerization | The Traces of Computational Design By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS At this point there is an important distinction that needs to be made Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, between the terms “computational” By and “computerized” One aspect of Mr. George-Sp. C. design. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect the “computerized” design method would Student be the ofexact replication of an the School of Architecture analytical set of information. In addition to that, Technical and according to Achim University of Crete Menges, computerized design follows the traditional methods of design, just 1. Introductory approach: DefiningOn thethe concept through the interface of a computer. other hand computational design 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept shifts the discourse the of design, challenging the conventional and ANTISTHENIS, ancient by Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370methods BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370models, BC, Athens), among other heritage he left us, he established a great the processes of wise design through the introduction of (444 parametric and among through other wise left us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with the ofcomputer. the content concepts. the directly the heritage programming language of the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, thewas term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Design1computation and the broader range of all its relevant tools gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various primarily adopted by the fields of naval and aerospace engineering. The main Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), social usually of low-income and the placement of artists, target ofwas to groups, generate models of simulation that throughthere analysis and ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andincrease thethis placement there of artists, the operation ofof art galleries, restaurants, etc.to However “change”, regardless of interpretation their results would lead the in performance and the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the efficiency of structures. The outcomes of the use of applied physics andof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative applied sciences also introduced new techniques and methods in fabrication potential relative speculation). term gentrification is found at first the UK early 1960s andcame it refers to andThe construction. The first attempts to in follow theinadvancements from The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor the industries, as they tried to respond to market demands for customization the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves andof thus residents areof ofLondon, products. At that particular point, the fordist there model theold assembly-line upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. production was “squeezed”. questioned and redefined. Interventions could take place being indirectly A description of thisprocess phenomenon is included in the work of of Sociologist Ruth during the production in order broaden the the products. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon isto included inwere thevariety work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. the discourse computational design dates way back to cities inNevertheless, Western countries, bypreoccupied other of Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more the Since invention ofthe analytical geometries and third degree algebraic equations then, issue has several scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various form Leibniz. It could be argued that, at summarized a certain degree the emergence of the comprehensive approach are being below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: new tools came as the outcome of applied mathematics through the extensive interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups use of computer resources. In other words, computers offered possibility to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: highthe costs in money to represent non-euclidean geometries that would take a great amount of and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the effort to produce bydistributed hand. Computer offered a wide range of potentials tobetter mapin 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for was born sense safety the residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made hergeometries first studies. and In 1932 she published an important study entitled: analytical and complex this was about to bring fundamental services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and continuous changes in the way space could be perceived, and asafter result intothe way itetc. could lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, where be built. in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Redefining Tectonics GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, At this point, before shifting to an understanding of the new design and simulation tools in terms of their practical values, it might worth to Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification interpret their outcomes in terms of design and aesthetics. The new design Concerns techniques have offered new ways to design space and can be criticized for

form-finding obsessions. The result of that could be the fetishization of the architectural object. But the idea that architecture should demonstrate itself By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS and expose its ambitions to lead the aesthetics discourse is a perception that Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, goes back in time. It dates back to the andC.it ATHANASSOPOULOS even goes way more ByRenaissance Mr. George-Sp. Architect back to the construction of the Parthenon. From that point of view the new Student of the School of Architecture design tools are just being used as the contemporaryTechnical vehicle that enables the University of Crete architect-designer to express his aesthetic language and vocabulary. In other 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept words, a computational design language is not necessarily a premise for an 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept expressive architectural vocabulary, the computer be the ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greekand philosopher, (444just BC happens - 370 BC,to Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the latest method of designing. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition ofisknowledge starts with the definition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” aseek first, the if of not final, term What important, however isinto way in approach, which anythe design1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification artistic obsession or performative expression is related to a crucial aspectterm of 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various architecture, and that would be the one of tectonics. Structure was always a Sociology as as the “refining” of a city from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually low-income andthe theremoval placement there parameter inwell), architecture andofdesign thatarea, defined the final outcome. In the ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation ofdiscourse, art galleries, etc.technologies However this can “change”, of contemporary therestaurants, use of digital greatlyregardless contribute the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the to the field of tectonics. Even if this seems to be obvious, as engineering wasof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential always a relative discipline closely related to computation and mathematics, it could potential relative speculation). term that gentrification is found at first infor thedifferent UK in early 1960s Structure and it refers to be The claimed it is actually happening reasons. and The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor tectonics are redefined, not because of the use of the new tools by the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and old residents areof engineers, but basically of the use of thesethere tools bythus the The London, upgrade them, because stay themselves sometimes and thusdesigners. old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. new tools have“squeezed”. offered the designers the possibility of an architectural being indirectly A description this phenomenon is included in thecalculate work of Sociologist Ruth vocabulary thatofofconventional tectonics cannot by simplistic A description this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major simulation andsame analytic models. As an extension to that, form-finding GLASS at the period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. techniques have definitely lead to the emergence of what could be named as cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more “tectonic-finding” techniques. This would be an investigation offor principles Since then, the issue has several scholars and its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the various that, through the engagement of the digital tools, could lead to the realization comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ofinterpretations any unconventional design, and at the same time would manage to the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups overcome construction issues. It should be pointed out, however, that the to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money collaboration between the purlieus engineertoand the architect, wellplace as theis,blurring of and time to travel from the downtown, whereaswork lack of the the boundaries between disciplines a crucial factor for success. And thisin 1.of The termat comes from the Sociologist Ruth is GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for was born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search better Berlin,only where she happened made her first studies.the In 1932 shea published an important study entitled: could have through use of common language between the services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly) Youth which Unemployment. Thethe same year she left Germany and after continuous fields, would be one of mathematics. In other words, it might be afor lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, point in she history where it’s not tectonics define In design, but actually design in According 1943 published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 she teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and informs tectonics in by that way it challenges engineering brokers and science. And long-term informaland effort organized groups, manufacturers, of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. probably this could beetc., an for irony ofdepreciation our times, the fact that a discipline cannot and selling realCOLLINS estate, theCo initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

any longer challenge itself on its own, but only through the feedback of other disciplines.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Concludingly, it may be worth to George-Sp. recall Mies C. van der Rohe’sArchitect words By Mr. ATHANASSOPOULOS regarding the advancements that were taking place, back in the beginning of Student of the School of Architecture the twentieth century. Even if the great architect’s words refer to Technical University of Crete

industrialization, his ideas might be still relevant today: 1. Introductory approach: Defining concept of our “yes” or “no.” Yet it “The new era is a fact: it exists,the irrespective 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept is neither better northe worse thanGreek any other era. [...] (444 One BC thing willBC, be decisive: ANTISTHENIS, ancient philosopher, - 370 Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370problems BC, Athens), among wise ourselves heritage he us, he a great the the wayother we assert in left the face of established circumstance. Here the of among wise leftthe us,definition hetoestablished a greatbut the acquisition of knowledge startshe with ofnot the “what” content of“principle”: concepts. the spiritother begin. Theheritage important question ask is “how.” What acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts. Based, onwhat this “principle” indefinition aare first, not final, approach, thevalue. term goods we therefore, produce or tools wethe use notif of questions of spiritual 1 (and urban Based, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, thenew term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification [...] Yet it istherefore, just the question of value that is decisive. We must set up 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various values, fix our ultimate goals so that we may establish standards. For what is Sociology as well), asfor the “refining” of a city area, this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of— low-income and theremoval placement there artists, right and significant any era including thethe new era —from is this: toof give the ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of spirit the opportunity for existence.” the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor BIBLIOGRAPHY the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. Mario. Alphabet and the Cambridge, ACarpo, description of thisThe phenomenon is included in theAlgorithm. work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2011. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major citiesCarpo, in Western countries, by other Mario. Ten Years of Researchers. Folding, in Greg Lynn (ed.), Folding in cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Architecture, Architectural Design. Chichester, 1993 revised edition Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Chichester: Wiley-Academy, 2004. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Frampton, Kenneth. Modern Architecture : A Critical History. Rev. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups and enl. ed. London: Thames and Hudson, 1985. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Kara, Hanif,from et the al.purlieus Interdisciplinary New Lessons from and time to travel to downtown,Design: where work place is, lack of the 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in Architecture and Engineering. Cambridge, MA: Barcelona: Harvard sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) University Graduate Schoolentertainment of Design, Actar, 2012. Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. Luca Digital Fabrication inNew Architecture, and studies andCaneparo. research in Geneva, Prague, London and York she cameEngineering back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Construction. Dordrecht, Heidelberg, New York, London: Springer, 2014. University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Menges, Achim, and Design DICTIONARY. Thinking. her work are characterized by a Sean passionAhlquist. for justice. Computational See also: COLLINS ENGLISH and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 2011. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Ο στρατηγικός προγραμματισμός ανθρώπινου GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, δυναμικού στο Δημόσιο Τομέα Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification Του κυρίου Χαραλάμπους ΝΤΟΝΑΔΟΥ1 Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Προγραμματισμός Ανθρωπίνων Πόρων Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Όπως έχει παρουσιαστεί ωςBy τώρα, η συμβατική σκέψη υποδεικνύει Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ότι οι οργανισμοί προάγουν το σχεδιασμό ανθρώπινων ή Student of the School of πόρων Architecture εργατικού δυναμικού μετά τη διαμόρφωση Technical στρατηγικής ως μέσο University of Crete εφαρμογής. Παρόλα αυτά, όπου ο προγραμματισμός ανθρώπινων πόρων 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept είναι πλήρως συνδεδεμένος και συναφής με τη στρατηγική και έχουν μία 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientδεδομένα Greek philosopher, αμοιβαία σχέση, παρέχονται για τη διεργασία της εφαρμογής. Σε the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherεξελικτικό wise heritage heοleft us, he established a great the ένανANTISTHENIS, τέτοιο ρόλο, προγραμματισμός ανθρώπινων πόρων ίσως among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. να ταυτοποιεί ανταγωνιστικό πλεονέκτημα των ανθρώπινων πόρων του acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term οργανισμού ότι μπορεί να χρησιμοποιείται γιαfinal, να αξιολογήσει 1ή Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not approach, the την term (and urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification ρεαλιστικότητα και εφικτότητα των ποικίλων στρατηγικών εναλλακτικών 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various σύμφωνα με τους όρους των δυνατοτήτων των ανθρώπινων πόρων. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of Ο Στρατηγικός Ρόλος του Προγραμματισμού Ανθρωπίνων the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences Πόρων στο Δημόσιο Τομέα has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). προγραμματισμός ανθρώπινων πόρων διάφορους TheΟterm gentrification is found at first in the UK inσυνδέεται early 1960sμε and it refers to The term found atpeople first in the UKτην in early 1960s and itareas refers τρόπους με gentrification τη διαμόρφωση στρατηγικής εφαρμογή της. Ένας the then observed trend ofiswealthy toκαι buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are τέτοιος σύνδεσμος είναι ο αναπτυξιακός της ρόλος. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included για in the of Sociologist Ruth - indirectly Ο αναπτυξιακός προγραμματισμός τηwork στρατηγική ηγεσία A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Ένας ειδικός ανάπτυξης διοίκησης παρατήρησε ότι υπάρχει GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Westernενδιαφέρον countries, by για otherτο Researchers. περισσότερο πλάνο διαδοχής από ότι υπήρχε τα cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars for its more τελευταία 30 χρόνια. Εξαιτίας των ραγδαίων αλλαγών τουand περιβάλλοντος Since then, the issue has several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the στο οποίο το δημόσιο πρέπει να ανταγωνιστεί ,υπάρχει ανησυχία ότι θα comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: υπάρξει έλλειψη ανθρώπινου δυναμικού με τα απαιτούμενα προσόντα και interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groupsο ταλέντα που μπορούν να οδηγήσουν την μετάβαση του δημοσίου 21 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costsστον in money αιώνα. του κόστους των αποτυχιών ηγεσίας and timeΔεδομένου to travel from theσημαντικού purlieus to downtown, where work place της is, lack of the στα υψηλότερα οργανωσιακά επίπεδα, είναι σημαντικό οι θέσεις τωνin 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: υψηλόβαθμων να δίνονται “at σεtheάτομα κατάλληλα services of health,στελεχών education, entertainment heart ofμεtheτα city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for προσόντα. Το πλάνο διαδοχής, μία μορφή προγραμματισμού ανθρώπινων lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. 1 O κ. Χ. ΝΤΟΝΑΔΟΣ είναι κάτοχος Μετ. initially Τίτλου, MSc. θεμάτων Δημόσιας and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation of partεπίof the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Υγείας, Πανεπ. ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, Ορθοπεδικός Χειρουργός, Ιατρικός Λειτουργός Α΄ G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Τάξης Γεν. Νοσ., Πάφος, Πτυχ. Ιατρ. Σχ. Πανεπ. Carol DAVILA, Βουκουρεστίου.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

πόρων που θα συζητηθεί αργότερα, αποτελεί το σημαντικότερο μέρος της λύσης στο πρόβλημα διαδοχής. Τέτοιος προγραμματισμός όπως και άλλες μορφές προγραμματισμού ανθρώπινων πόρων, γίνεται όλο και πιο κρίσιμη στην επιτυχή διαμόρφωση και υλοποίηση των στρατηγικών. Το πλάνο διαδοχής είναι μία πρόκληση στο συνεχώς μεταβαλλόμενο περιβάλλον επειδή τα προσόντα τα οποία θα χρειαστούν στο μέλλον δεν είναι καλώς καθορισμένα. Εντούτοις, η George-Sp. εφικτή στρατηγική συμβολή του By Mr. C. ATHANASOPOULOS πλάνου διαδοχής είναι ουσιαστική . Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student,

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect

Student of the School of Architecture - Αξιολόγηση των στρατηγικών εναλλακτικών Technical University of Crete Καθώς οι ανθρώπινοι πόροι του οργανισμού χρησιμοποιούνται πιο συχνά ως πηγές ανταγωνιστικού πλεονεκτήματος, ο προγραμματισμός 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ανθρώπινων πόρων και οι προβλέψεις θα γίνουν πιο κρίσιμες για τη 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), διεργασία στρατηγικού σχεδιασμού. Θα είναι απαραίτητο για ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 τα BC,στελέχη Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ανθρώπινων πόρων ή και για άλλα στελέχη να είναι δυνατό among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. να προβλέψουν μελλοντική διαθεσιμότητα εργαζομένων που acquisition ofτην knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first,των if of not final, approach, theέχουν term 1τέτοιες Based,σε therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if (in not final, approach, the term τη γνώση κρίσιμες περιοχέςis μέσα από το δημόσιο οργανισμό. Οι (and urban gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom area of Planning) (or οργανισμοί οι1 οποίοι αναπτύσσουν μίαisarea, σημαντική ομάδα υπαλλήλων που Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups,σε usually of low-income and the placement of artists, είναι καταρτισμένοι ένα συγκεκριμένους τομείς μπορούν there να κερδίσουν ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation ofπηγή art galleries, restaurants, etc.πλεονεκτήματος However “change”, regardless of μια πιθανή ανταγωνιστικού .Παρομοίως, οι the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever otherπου consequences has,υπόβαθρο results alsoβασικών rising ofγνώσεων land pricesπαρέχουν (and theof πληροφορίες αφορούν το whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative σημαντικά δεδομένα για τη διαμόρφωση στρατηγικής. Αντιθέτως, έχοντας potential relative speculation). term gentrification is foundεναλλακτική at first in the ,είναι UK in χρήσιμο early 1960s and refers to μίαThe συγκεκριμένη στρατηγική για ταitστελέχη The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor ανθρώπινων πόρων, καθώς και άλλα να είναι δυνατό να the then observed trend wealthy peopleστελέχη to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof προβλέψουν τους ανθρώπινους πόρους που there είναι and απαραίτητοι για να London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. εκτελέσουν ποικίλες στρατηγικές. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Δίνοντας αξία GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Ηinβιβλιογραφία συχνά δηλώνει ότι οseveral προγραμματισμός Since then, the issue has scholars andανθρώπινων for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more πόρων γίνεται όλο και πιοare σημαντικός για τους δημόσιους οργανισμούς. comprehensive approach being summarized below, from the comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the Όπως μερικοίof the παρατηρητές υπογραμμίσει τις δυσκολίεςvarious του interpretations phenomenonέχουν of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the of thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of aπεριόδων new social groups σχεδιασμού κατά τηphenomenon διάρκεια πολυτάραχων καιofέχουν παίξει to “return” to theρόλο city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costsυπάρχει in money τον προσωρινό του προγραμματισμού ανθρώπινων πόρων η and time ότι to travel the purlieus to downtown, where work is, lack of the ένδειξη άλλοιfrom οργανισμοί δίνουν πολλή έμφαση στοplace πλάνο διαδοχής 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies townμορφές centres, για τα στελέχη υψηλού επιπέδου, καθώςoutside και 1912-1940. άλλες σχεδιασμού. Οι Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) λόγοι που παραπέμπουν σε sheπρογραμματισμό πόρωνfor Youth Unemployment. The same year left Germany and afterανθρώπινων continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came back to London, περιλαμβάνουν δημογραφικά στοιχεία, αναλογία του συνολικού κόστους in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and που υπολογίζεται από ταwhere εργατικά κόστηher καιsocial ανταγωνιστικές πιέσεις για University College of London, she continued research. brokers Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her παγκόσμια work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. την επικοινωνία. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Επιπροσθέτως, μία εκτεταμένη μελέτη οργανισμών από τον έδειξε G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ότι ο προγραμματισμός ανθρώπινων πόρων είναι θετικά συνδεδεμένος με

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

την ένταση των ερευνών ενός οργανισμού ή τις προσπάθειες ανάπτυξής του. Υπάρχουν επίσης εμπειρικά δεδομένα όπου ο στρατηγικός σχεδιασμός είναι θετικά συνδεδεμένος με την οικονομική απόδοση. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, ο προγραμματισμός ανθρώπινων πόρων είναι σχετικός με την κερδοφορία. Υπάρχει καλός λόγος να προσδοκά κανείς τέτοιες προσπάθειες σχεδιασμού να αυξήσουν την κερδοφορία. Η εγκαθίδρυση μίας τέτοιας σχέσης είναι πολύ δύσκολη εξαιτίας C. των πολλών πιθανών By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS έμμεσων συνεπειών του προγραμματισμού ανθρώπινων πόρωνStudent, και ο Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS χρόνος που απαιτείται για τιςBy Mr. συνέπειές τουC. να φαίνεταιArchitect στην Student of theέχει School of Architecture κερδοφορία. Επίσης, η πρόσφατη εμπειρική έρευνα δείξει ότι μία University of Crete θετική σχέση μεταξύ του πλάνου διαδοχής των Technical διευθυντικών στελεχών και1.της κερδοφορίας της εταιρίας . the concept Introductory approach: Defining Δυστυχώς ,είναι τυπικά δύσκολο ναconcept ποσοτικοποιήσουν την αξία που 1. Introductory approach: the ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), προστίθεται στηνheritage διοίκηση ανθρώπινων πόρων. Τα -“principle”: αποτελέσματα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise he left us, he established a great the μερικών προγραμμάτων ανθρώπινων πόρων και τακτικών αναμφίβολα among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the έχουν βασικό αντίκτυπο στα κίνητρα και το ηθικό, παρόλο που αυτοί δεν acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term είναιBased, εύκολο να μετατραπούν σε φρέσκο χρήμα. Παρόλα πολλά (and urban gentrification) is area ofαυτά, Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification προγράμματα ανθρώπινων πόρων να removal μην προσθέτουν αξία και Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a πιθανώς city area, the from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aπροοπτική city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually low-income andthe theremoval placement δεν συμμορφώνονται με ofτην των επενδύσεων που ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of σε art galleries, However this regardless of συνηγορείται αυτό τοrestaurants, κείμενο. etc. Δυστυχώς, έχει“change”, συντελεστεί μικρή the operation ofτομέα art galleries, restaurants, However this whatever other consequences has, results also rising of “change”, land prices (and theof πρόοδος στον της μέτρησης μεetc. τέτοιες τεχνικές όπως ηregardless ανάλυση whatever otherspeculation). potential relative χρησιμότητας . consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property inανθρώπινων poor - Ηobserved συνεισφορά στην στρατηγική διοίκηση the then trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof πόρων London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Πέρα από“squeezed”. τα ανέκδοτα δεδομένα στη στρατηγική σημασία του being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth προγραμματισμού ανθρώπινων πόρων, οι έρευνες που αφορούν τις A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major εταιρικές πρακτικές επίσης παρέχουν μία ένδειξη της αυξανόμενης GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. σημασίας των the στρατηγικών εφαρμογών. Βέβαια,scholars αυτές οιand έρευνες, Since then, issue has several for its όπως more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and forΚατά its more και η περισσότερη εμπειρίαare προέρχονται από τον ιδιωτικό τομέα. τη comprehensive approach being summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are summarized from the various διεξαγωγή μίας έρευνας απόbeing στελέχη ανθρώπινων πόρων 137 interpretations of the phenomenon ofτα gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations theζητήθηκε phenomenon of the following: In a sense, theof phenomenon isνα dueυποδείξουν togentrification, a trend ofτους a new category social groups ιδιωτικών εταιριών λόγους γιαofτους οποίους to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money οι “return” εταιρίεςto τους δεσμεύονται στις προβλέψεις ανθρώπινων πόρων, οι and timeείναι to travel fromσυστατικό the purlieusμέλος to downtown, where work placeανθρώπινων is, lack of the οποίες βασικό του προγραμματισμού 1.of The comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies town centres, πόρων. Οιterm 3 at κυριότεροι λόγοι ήσαν οιoutside εξής: 1) για την ανάπτυξη των Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) ανθρώπινων πόρων, 2)same για entertainment την ελλείψεων (77.6%)for Youth Unemployment. The year αποφυγή she left Germany and afterπροσωπικού continuous movements lower cost “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc.where studies and in Geneva, Prague, London andπληροφοριών Neweasier York she came back to London, και 3)living γιαresearch τηνof,απόκτηση σημαντικών που αφορούν σε in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and αποφάσεις (73.1%). Ένα δεύτερο σετ λόγων τις προβλέψεις των University informal College of London, where she continued her socialγια research. Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized a passion for justice. also: COLLINS τις ENGLISH DICTIONARY. ανθρώπινων πόρων byπεριλαμβάνει ταSeeακόλουθα: καταφατικές and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: προσπάθειες δράσης (63,6%),τον προϋπολογισμό (62,1%) και το G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually σχεδιασμό καριέρας (59,7%).Όπως σημειώθηκε νωρίτερα, οι προβλέψεις 252133 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

είναι πιθανώς απαραίτητες για την ανάπτυξη υπολογισμών του πότε οι στόχοι θα επιτευχθούν. Παρομοίως, μία άλλη έρευνα έχει δείξει ότι υπάρχει σύνδεση μεταξύ της ανάπτυξης των στρατηγικών καταφατικής δράσης και του προγραμματισμού ανθρώπινων πόρων.

- Ο στρατηγικός προγραμματισμός των αμοιβών Όπως σημειώθηκε νωρίτερα By ,ταMr. αποτελέσματα έρευνας δείχνουν George-Sp. C.της ATHANASOPOULOS ότι πάνω από το 60%Harvard των εταιριών τον of προγραμματισμό University, προάγουν Graduate School Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS ανθρώπινων πόρων για προϋπολογιστικούς σκοπούς. Ένα θέμα Architect σχετικό Student of the School of Architecture με τον προϋπολογισμό είναι ο στρατηγικός σχεδιασμός των αμοιβών. Με Technical University of Crete πού ενδιαφέρον, παρατηρούμε ότι τα συστήματα αποζημίωσης είναι από τα 1.λίγα επιχειρηματικά έχουν παραμείνει σχετικώς Introductory approach:συστήματα Defining the που concept στάσιμα. Εντούτοις, για την αποτελεσματική υλοποίηση, τέτοια 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), συστήματα να αν ασύμφωνα τις-“principle”: οργανωσιακές ANTISTHENIS, theαλλάξουν ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among otherπρέπει wise heritage he left us,είναι he established a με great the στρατηγικές. Καθώς η σημασία του να υπάρχουν συστήματα αποζημίωσης among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the τα οποία therefore, είναι σύμφωνα με τους οργανωσιακούς στόχους ευρέως acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content ofείναι concepts. Based, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” inσυμφωνία a first, if (in notείναι final, approach, the term γνωστή, στην πραγματικότητα τέτοιαis σπάνια εφικτή. Ο (and urban gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification στρατηγικός προγραμματισμός διασφαλισμένη Sociology as well), as the “refining” ofαμοιβών a city area,ξεπερνάει the removalτην from this, (in various Sociology asκαι well), as the “refining” of a city area, the from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andστρατηγικής. theremoval placement there συμφωνία χρησιμοποιεί την ουσία της Θεμελιωδώς, η ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, των regardless of στρατηγική διοίκηση απορρίπτει τηνetc. έννοια τηςthis κατανομής πόρων the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this regardless whatever other has, results rising of “change”, land prices (and theof στη συμπεριφορά των ανταγωνιστών και αντιθέτως συνηγορεί στην whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relativeτων speculation). συγκέντρωση πόρων. Αυτή η λογική για τον προγραμματισμό των potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to αμοιβών δηλώνεται ακολούθως: The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy in poor Ρεαλιστικά, λίγοι υπάλληλοι μπορούν ναproperty δικαιολογήσουν τουςof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents are εργάτες άνω τουthem, μέσου σε όλες τις θέσεις. Μία επιχειρηματική London, upgrade stay όρου themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. στρατηγική του“squeezed”. οργανισμού οδηγεί σε μία στρατηγική στελέχωσης και με being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τη σειρά τηςsame παρέχει μία βάση για την ανάπτυξη στρατηγικής A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded workτης of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the while similar in other major αποζημιώσεων. Μπορεί να είναι ότι οι ειδικοί παγκοσμίου κλάσης GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. χρειάζονται σεthe μερικές κλειδιά. Αν several η επιτυχία του οργανισμού είναι Since then, issueθέσεις has scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more εξαρτημένη, γιαapproach παράδειγμα τοsummarized μάρκετινγκ,below, αυτό ίσως comprehensive are από being from δικαιολογεί the various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various υψηλότερα επίπεδα αμοιβών σε αυτή τη λειτουργία . interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In aΕντούτοις, sense, theof phenomenon is dueof to a trend of a new of social groups ο στρατηγικός προγραμματισμός αμοιβών, ο οποίος to “return” to city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money βασίζεται σεthe σχέδια ανθρώπινων πόρων, παρέχει ένα ακόμη παράδειγμα and to travel from theτων purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the του time στρατηγικού ρόλου ανθρώπινων πόρων. termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health,Αποψη education, “at the heart of the city”,Πόρων (possibly)for τουentertainment Προγραμματισμού YouthΣυνολική Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and Ανθρωπίνων after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, London and New York του she came back to London, Παρόλο που ένας Prague, σύντομος ορισμός προγραμματισμού in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ανθρώπινων δόθηκε ένας πιο περιεκτικός και University informal Collegeπόρων of London, where she νωρίτερα, continued her social research. Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. also: ENGLISH DICTIONARY. κατανοητός ορισμός είναι κατάλληλος γιαSee την ειςCOLLINS βάθος αντιμετώπιση της and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: διεργασίας. Ο προγραμματισμός ανθρώπινων πόρων κατευθύνεται στα G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ακόλουθα βήματα:

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

1. Πραγματοποιώντας τον συγκερασμό του στρατηγικού σχεδιασμού και της εξέτασης του περιβάλλοντος 2. Απογράφοντας τους τρέχοντες ανθρώπινους πόρους του οργανισμού 3. Προβλέποντας τις απαιτήσεις για ανθρώπινους πόρους 4. Προβλέποντας την προσφορά των ανθρώπινων πόρων μέσα στον οργανισμό και στην εξωτερική αγορά εργασίας By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS 5. Συγκρίνοντας προβλέψεις ζήτησηςGraduate και προσφοράς Harvard University, School of Design, Student, By Mr.δραστηριότητες George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS 6. Σχεδιάζοντας τις απαραίτητες που αφορούν σε Architect Student of the School of Architecture προσδοκώμενες ελλείψεις ή πλεονάσματα προσωπικού Technical University of Crete 7. Ανατροφοδοτώντας τέτοιες πληροφορίες στη διεργασία Αυτό το τμήμα θα δώσει έμφαση στην αληθινή διεργασία των 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept προβλέψεων ανθρώπινων πόρων. 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the Προγραμματισμός σε ένα γενικό πλαίσιο αλλαγών among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Eξαιτίας τωνonβασικών θεμάτων στις acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition of the content ofστρατηγικές concepts. Based, therefore, this “principle” a που first, ifαφορούν not final, approach, the term 1 Based, της therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term απόψεις διοίκησης ανθρώπινων πόρων, μίαarea μακροπρόθεσμη (and urban gentrification) is of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification προοπτική έχει πουremoval η στρατηγική και ο Sociology as well), asυιοθετηθεί. the “refining” Από of a cityτότε area, the from this, (in various Sociology as well), asείναι the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement προγραμματισμός απαραίτητα δραστηριότητες προβλέψεων, είναι ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of πολύ σημαντικές οι ευθύνες των γενικών διευθυντών. Παρόλο που ο the operation ofconsequences art galleries, etc.also However regardless whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, landμερικές prices (and theof προγραμματισμός και η restaurants, στρατηγική απορρίπτονται φορές whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative εξαιτίας της πίεσης των τρεχόντων απαιτήσεων, σε περιπτώσεις που potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK inεπίσης early 1960s and it refersμια to αυτές οι δραστηριότητες προγραμματισμού λαμβάνουν The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αδικαιολόγητη αίσθηση σημασίας, και to μπορεί να αποσπάσει τουςof the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves there and thus old residents are managers από τους πραγματικούς τους στόχουςthere του and οργανισμού. Η λογική London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. και η προληπτική φύση της διεργασίας, αποφορτίστηκε από τα πολύ being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth αληθινά προβλήματα της του,inwere ίσως προκαλέσει τους A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileεφαρμογής similar recorded in other major προγραμματιστές να ξεχάσουν ότι ασχολούνται με τα μεταβαλλόμενα GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. φαινόμενα. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Υπευθυνότητα για τον Προγραμματισμό Πόρων interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theΑνθρωπίνων following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In aΠιο sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new social συχνά groups παλιά, ο προγραμματισμός ανθρώπινων πόρωνofήταν to “return” to the city,ειδικού leaving the purlieus several reasons: high costs in money αρμοδιότητα ενός στον τομέαfor των ανθρώπινων πόρων. Αυτός ο and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where is, lack of και the προγραμματισμός προάχθηκε μερικές φορές με τηνwork μικρήplace παρέμβαση 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies town των άλλων στον οργανισμό. Χωρίςoutside να1912-1940. μας centres, εκπλήσσει, όταν ο Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “atτον the heart of the (possibly) προγραμματισμός τα city”, δεδομένα πουfor Youth Unemployment. κατευθυνόταν The same year sheμε left αυτό Germany andτρόπο, after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, studies and research Geneva,στην Prague, London andήσαν Neweasier York she came back to London, where προσφέρονται γιαin χρήση πρόβλεψη συχνά ανακριβή. Απόetc. τους in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and managers ζητείται να εκμεταλλευτούν όσο χρόνο χρειάζονται για να University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion justice. See δεν also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. αποκτήσουν πληροφορίες για for οτιδήποτε έχουν αντιληφθεί ορθά. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Επειδή δεν είδαν πώς οι προβλέψεις θα μπορούσαν να βοηθήσουν την G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually επίδοση στη δουλειά τους, η αξία των προβλέψεων δεν εκτιμήθηκε. Αυτές 252135 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

οι πρώτερες εμπειρίες αποκαλύπτουν ότι όταν η διαδικασία σχεδιασμού είναι πολύπλοκη και δυσβάσταχτη, όπως είναι πιο πιθανό σε μία συγκεντρωτική βάση, που βέβαια η αξία της για τους managers δεν είναι προφανής. Περαιτέρω, όταν ο σχεδιασμός σε μία απλή μονάδα συλλογικού προγραμματισμού, το υπόλοιπο προσωπικό διοίκησης μπορεί να χάσει το κίνητρό του από τον αποκλεισμό τους από τη διεργασία στρατηγικού προγραμματισμού. Οι αδυναμίες By τουMr.συγκεντρωτικού σχεδιασμού είναι George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ακόμη πιο εμφανείς σεHarvard μεγάλες εταιρίες που διαθέτουν διαφορετικά University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. λειτουργικά τμήματα. Σε αυτές τιςGeorge-Sp. εταιρίες, C.οATHANASSOPOULOS αποκεντρωμένος Architect of the School of Architecture στρατηγικός σχεδιασμός φαίνεται να είναι Student πιο κατάλληλος. Technical Universityπόρων of Crete Ευτυχώς, η διείσδυση του προγραμματισμού ανθρώπινων έχει1. Introductory αλλάξει. Υπάρχουν στοιχεία πολύ καλύτερης διοικητικής ανάμειξης approach: Defining the concept στον προγραμματισμό ανθρώπινων πόρων επίσης μεγαλύτερου 1. Introductory approach: the conceptκαι ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), στρατηγικού αντίκτυπου. Έρευνες πρακτικών προγραμματισμού ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the αποκαλύπτουν ότι μεγαλύτερη έμφαση δίνεται στη χρήση απλών among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. προγνωστικών τεχνικών με την της διοίκησης σεofαντίθεση με acquisition of knowledge starts withανάμειξη theindefinition the content concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1εξάρτηση on από this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term την Based, έντονηtherefore, τον συγκεντρωτικό προγραμματισμό και τις (and urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification πολιτικές οι οποίεςofβασίζονται σε removal εκλεπτυσμένες Sociology asπροβλέψεων well), as the “refining” a city area, the from this,ποσοτικές (in various Sociology as well), as the of a city area, removal fromthere this,στην (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theτης placement of τεχνικές. Ακόμη και με“refining” εκτεταμένη ανάμειξη διοίκησης όλη ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of την art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of διεργασία και αναγνώριση της αξίας της, η εκτεταμένη ανάμειξη του the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However regardless whatever other consequences has, results risingthis of “change”, land (and the προσωπικού ακόμα επιβάλλεται για etc. ναalso εγκατασταθεί η prices διαδικασία. Οof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relativeκαι speculation). Martin Geller ο David Nee έχουν εντοπίσει την απαίτηση για την potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at firstτης in the UK in early it refers to εξισορρόπηση των ευθυνών μεταξύ διοίκησης και1960s του and προσωπικού The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor στις παρακάτω 2 δηλώσεις: 1) «Ο manager ξέρει χρειάζεται να γίνει κι the then observed trend wealthy people to buy τι property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof έχει τον upgrade έλεγχοthem, τωνstayκαθημερινών εργασιών επιτρέπουν την London, themselves sometimes thereπου and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. πραγματοποίηση πραγματικής ανάπτυξης. 2) Ο προγραμματισμός being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ανθρώπινων απαιτεί ότιsimilar κάποιος θα δίνει την πρέπουσα προσοχή A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the πόρων same while recorded in other major στη διαδικασία, χρόνο με το χρόνο και όχι μόνο όταν υπάρχει κρίση.» GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has severalΠόρων scholars andthe for various its more Αποτυχία approach στον Σχεδιασμό Ανθρωπίνων comprehensive arepreoccupied being summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Υπάρχει ofένας αριθμός από απλά παραδείγματα η interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following:στα οποία interpretations the phenomenon the following: In a sense, theof phenomenon isανθρώπινων dueof togentrification, a trendπόρων of a new category of social groups αποτυχία προγραμματισμού έχει μία κύρια επίδραση to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money στους οργανισμούς. and time to travel from the purlieus downtown, where workόσον placeαφορά is, lack of the Ο δημόσιος τομέας δεν έχειtoυπάρξει απρόσβλητος αυτά 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, τα προβλήματα. Ένα παράδειγμα μίας αποτυχίας να προγραμματίσει Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) κανείς την κατασκευή εγκατάστασης φυλακών στο Fort τουfor Youth Unemployment. The μίας same ακριβής year she left Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc. studiesως andλύση research in Geneva, Prague, London and New she came back to London, where Texas στα σοβαρά προβλήματα τουYork υπερβολικού πλήθους των in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and τροφίμων. Κατάof τη φάση τηςshe πραγματικής κατασκευής τουpublic σχεδίου, οι University informal College London, where continued her social research. brokers Her and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice.ότι See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. υπεύθυνοι σοκαρίστηκαν όταν έμαθαν η εγκατάσταση η οποία είχε and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ενσωματώσει πρόσφατες καινοτομίες στο σχέδιο, θα ήταν πολύ G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually περισσότερο ακριβή για να λειτουργήσει από ότι είχαν υποθέσει επειδή το

2521 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

σχέδιο απαιτούσε υψηλά επίπεδα. Αφού τα εργατικά κόστη είναι το πιο σημαντικό κόστος στη λειτουργία μίας φυλακής, οι επιπτώσεις αυτής της παράβλεψης ήσαν έντονες. Άλλα αίτια για αποτυχία στο σχεδιασμό ή αποτυχίες στη σχεδίαση είναι συνυφασμένα με στην ευρύτερη στρατηγική διαδικασία μάνατζμεντ. Μία έρευνα έδειξε ότι το πιο κοινό πρόβλημα στη σχεδίαση των ανθρώπινων πόρων είναι η By έλλειψη ακρίβειας στα λειτουργικά Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS επιχειρηματικά πλάνα. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Mr.συνηγορήσει George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Παρόλο που η βιβλιογραφίαBy είχε στο ότι οι εταιρίες θα Architect Student of the School of Architecture έπρεπε να εναποθέσουν αυξημένη έμφαση στον προγραμματισμό Universityγια of Crete ανθρώπινων πόρων, υπήρχε ακόμη μία έλλειψηTechnical ενθουσιασμού τη διαδικασία από τους επαγγελματίες για πολλά χρόνια. Εντούτοις, στο 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept τέλος της δεκαετίας του ’70Greek ο προγραμματισμός ανθρώπινων πόρων 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining philosopher, - 370 BC, Athens), φάνηκε να έχει Μερικοί παρατηρητές στην κρίσιμη καμπή της ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseαυξηθεί. heritage he left us, he established a great the υπόθεσης παρέθεσαν μία δραστική απάντηση στην ανάγκη among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. να συμμορφωθούν με on τηthis νομοθεσία ίσων απασχόλησης καιterm την acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts. Based, therefore, “principle” indefinition aευκαιριών first, if of not final, approach, the 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, term κερδοφορία των urban εταιριών. Προκειμένου ναif συμμορφωθούν μεtheτους gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification κατηγορηματικούς στόχους δράσης καιarea, τα χρονοδιαγράμματα, Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city the removal from this, ο (inμερικός various Sociology asείναι well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of αναγκαιότητα. low-income andthe theremoval placement σχεδιασμός μία πρακτική ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.της However this “change”, regardless of Παρομοίως, τα αποτελέσματα έρευνας αποκαλύπτουν ότι the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever otherκάνουν consequences has, results also rising ofανθρώπινων land prices (and theof εταιρίες που εκτεταμένο προγραμματισμό πόρων whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential είχαν τηrelative δυνατότητα να ελαχιστοποιήσουν τις απολύσεις κατά τη potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to διάρκεια μίας οικονομικής κάμψης. The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof Διοικητικά Θέματα στον Προγραμματισμό London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Αρκετά σημαντικά διοικητικά θέματα είναι κρίσιμης σημασίας στον being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth προγραμματισμό ανθρώπινων πόρων. Μεταξύinwere των πιο είναι A description of this phenomenon is situations included the recorded workσημαντικών of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major οι προσωπικές εμπλοκές των προγραμματιστών καθώς και η αποδοχή από GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherκαι Researchers. τον οργανισμό όπως επίσης οι several προκλήσεις στις Since then, the issue has scholars andπροσπάθειες for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more προγραμματισμού. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations theεμπλοκές phenomenon thecategory following: In aΠροσωπικές sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” leaving the purlieus several reasons: high costs για in money Πέραto the απόcity, τους λόγους που for σημειώθηκαν νωρίτερα τον and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, work place is, lack of the προγραμματισμό ανθρώπινων πόρων και τα where σχετιζόμενα οφέλη ,υπάρχει 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ένας ακόμη λόγος ιδιάζουσας αξίας στους managers. Αυτός ο λόγος Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, entertainment “at theπρογραμματισμού heart of the city”, (possibly) σχετίζεται με το education, γεγονός του διεργασία απαιτείfor Youth Unemployment. The same yearότι sheηleft Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies andοresearch in Geneva, Prague, να London and New York came back to London, κανονικά υπεύθυνος manager επικοινωνεί μεshe τους άλλους managers, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and τα εξέχοντα στελέχη και ταsheμέλη τουherπροσωπικού σχετικά με το University College of London, where continued social research. brokers Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by ανθρώπινων a passion for justice. See also: ENGLISH DICTIONARY. μελλοντικό περιβάλλον πόρων καιCOLLINS τα σχετιζόμενα θέματα and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: προσωπικού. Θα έχει επίσης αναγκάσει τον manager του ανθρώπινου G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually δυναμικού και τους άλλους managers με προγραμματιστικές ευθύνες να 252137 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

έχουν επεξεργαστεί αυτά τα θέματα προσωπικού και να έχουν εξετάσει τα λειτουργικά συμπεράσματά τους. Παρόλο που υπάρχουν περιορισμοί και κακή μεταχείριση του προγραμματισμού και έχει προβληθεί αντίσταση στον προγραμματισμό ανθρώπινων πόρων στο παρελθόν, υπάρχουν και οφέλη επίσης. Ένα σημαντικό όφελος από την οπτική γωνία του προγραμματιστή είναι ότι η ανώτερη διοίκηση θα είναι πιο σίγουρη κι ασφαλής αν γνωρίζει ότι ο manager με C. συγκεκριμένο σχέδιο. By Mr.δουλεύει George-Sp. ATHANASOPOULOS Κάπως έτσι, οι ανώτεροι managers έχουνGraduate μεγαλύτερη εμπιστοσύνη ότι ο Harvard University, School of Design, Student, Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS αρμόδιος manager έχει σκεφτεί By διεξοδικά τις συνέπειες των πιθανών Architect of theείναι Schoolλιγότερες of Architecture σχέσεων προσφοράς και ζήτησης και Student επομένως οι Technical University of Crete πιθανότητες η εταιρία να είναι απροετοίμαστη στο μέλλον. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept την δεκτικότητα ωςconcept προς τον προγραμματισμό 1. Αλλάζοντας Introductory approach: the ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Όπως αναφέρθηκε σεleft αυτό τοestablished κεφάλαιο, ένα παράδοξο του ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he us, he a great the προγραμματισμού είναι ότι είναι δύσκολο να διεξαχθεί όταν κυρίως είναι among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the περισσότερο Το with ταραχώδες επιχειρηματικό περιβάλλον στο acquisition of απαραίτητο. knowledge starts theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,οι if (in not final, approach, the term οποίο οι εταιρίες λειτουργούν κατά καιρούς εταιρίες είναι προφανώς (and urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification ακατάλληλη χρονική στιγμή ofγια προγραμματίσουν. Sociology as well), as the “refining” a cityνα area, the removal from this,Εντούτοις, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement υπάρχουν ουσιαστικά στοιχεία που δείχνουν ότι οι επιχειρήσεις έχουν ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of αυξήσει την of έμφαση και τη σημασίαetc. που δίνουνthis στον προγραμματισμό the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever otherπόρων. consequences has, resultsότι alsoμερικά rising ofκίνητρα land prices (and theof ανθρώπινων Είναι προφανές συλλογικού whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative προγραμματισμού απαιτούν συγκεντρωτικές και λεπτομερείς διεργασίες potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in Παρόλα the UK inαυτά, early 1960s it refers to προγραμματισμού ανθρώπινων πόρων. όπως and αναφέρθηκε The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor νωρίτερα υπάρχειtrend μία τάση να people χρησιμοποιούνται απλές τεχνικές the then observed wealthy to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof προβλέψεων σε μία συγκεντρωμένη βάση απόthere τουςand managers γραμμής. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Αυτή η τάση αναπτύχθηκε σε μία χρονική περίοδο όταν ο being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth προγραμματισμός ήτανphenomenon δύσκολος οι ορίζοντες A description ofperiod, this isκαι included inwere the recorded workμακροπρόθεσμου of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major σχεδιασμού φαίνονταν να είναι ένα υπόλειμμα μίας περασμένης εποχής. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities Western countries, bypreoccupied other Όσο οinρόλος λειτουργίας τωνResearchers. ανθρώπινων πόρων μετατοπίζεται σε Since then,της the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more μία πιο έμμεση και διακριτική παρεμβολή, θα χρειαστεί πάρει πιο comprehensive approach are being summarized below,να from theέναν various comprehensive approach being summarized from the various στρατηγικό ρόλο όσον are αφορά την εξέταση περιβάλλοντος και interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon isγια dueνα togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups περισσότερη υπευθυνότητα βοηθήσουν στην ανάπτυξη ταλέντων to to theγια city,τις leaving purlieus for several reasons: high costsπ.χ. in money και“return” δεξιοτήτων νέες the θέσεις εργασίας του μέλλοντος, όπως το να and to travel from the purlieus downtown, where work placeπιο is, lack of the είναιtime ικανή να ανταποκριθεί στιςtoπροτιμήσεις των πελατών γρήγορα 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ,να παρέχει υψηλότερη ποιότητα, να παίρνει πιο γρήγορα αποφάσειςborn καιin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services ofπιο health, education, entertainment the heart the city”,movements (possibly) να είναι ανταγωνιστική ωςsheπρος το“atκόστος. Η of αλληλεπίδραση τηςfor Youth Unemployment. The same year left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, and New York came back to London, τρέχουσας τάσηςinως προς τηνLondon αναδόμηση και she τον ανασχεδιασμό θα in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and πρέπει ναCollege ολοκληρωθεί με προσπάθειες στρατηγικού προγραμματισμού University of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized ανθρώπινων πόρων. by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Επιλέγοντας Τεχνικές Προβλέψεων Πολλοί παράγοντες επηρεάζουν τις τεχνικές που χρησιμοποιούνται είτε για να προβλέψουν την προσφορά είτε τη ζήτηση για ανθρώπινους πόρους.

- Σκοπός του προγραμματισμού Ο πρώτος σημαντικός παράγοντας σχετίζεται με το σκοπό της By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS πρόβλεψης ανθρώπινων πόρων. Αν ο στόχος είναι να ofπροβλέψεις την Harvard University, Graduate School Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS προσφορά για ανθρώπινο δυναμικό ώστε να αναγνωρίσεις και να Architect Student of the School of Architecture περιορίσεις τα επικίνδυνα σημεία στα μονοπάτια καριέρας των πολλά Technical University of Crete υποσχόμενων managers, τότε τα διαγράμματα αντικατάστασης και η ανάλυση Markov μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν. Αντίστροφα, αν ο στόχος 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept είναι προβλέψεις τη μελλοντική ηλικιακή κατανομή του δυναμικού μίας 1.να Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), εταιρίας ώστε να heritage υπολογίσεις τα πιθανά κόστη ιατρικής θα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -περίθαλψης, 370 BC, Athens), among other wise he left us, he established a great “principle”: the ήταν καλύτερα να χρησιμοποιήσει κανείς κάποιες μορφές επαναληπτικής among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the ανάλυσης στην οποία συγκεκριμένα νούμερα εργαζομένων διάφορες acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content ofσε concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” inσχετικά a first, ifμε(in not final, approach, the term ξεχωριστές θέσεις καθώς και αριθμοίis κατηγορίες εργασιών ή (and urban gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification οικογενειακές επιχειρήσεις θαofήσαν σχεδόν ασήμαντα .Στην Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, the removal from this, (in πρώτη various Sociology asτα well), as the “refining” of aθα cityαπαιτούνταν area, from this, of (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there artists, περίπτωση, λεπτομερή δεδομένα όσον αφορά κινήσεις ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation art galleries, restaurants, However this “change”, of μέσω των ofδιαφορετικών θέσεωνetc. εργασίας: ενώ στην regardless τελευταία the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results θα alsoήσαν risingπεριορισμένες of land prices μόνο (and the περίπτωση, οι απαιτήσεις σεhas, δεδομένα σεof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative δεδομένα απασχόλησης, κατανομές ηλικιών, κέρδη και χρονικά περιθώρια potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to συνταξιοδότησης. The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof - Οργανωσιακά χαρακτηριστικά London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Πολλοί επηρεάζουν την επιλογή των τεχνικών being indirectlyπαράγοντες “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth προβλέψεων. Ένας τέτοιος παράγοντας είναι το μέγεθος A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work του of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded inοργανισμού. other major Για παράδειγμα, ελάχιστοι αριθμοί από κατόχους θέσεων είναι GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other απαραίτητοι προκειμένου να Researchers. αναπτύξουν Since then, the issue has several αξιόπιστες scholars andπιθανότητες for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more μετάβασης από approach τη μία θέση στην άλλη. Εντούτοις, εταιρίες που έχουν comprehensive are being summarized below, from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various περισσότερουςofαπό 2,000 υπαλλήλους έχουν αναπτύξει αποτελεσματικά interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend a new social groups μέτρα πρόβλεψης ανθρώπινων πόρων. Το of μέγεθος επίσης of σχετίζεται με to “return” to the city, leaving purlieus forπρόβλεψης, several reasons: costsαπό in money την πολυπλοκότητα τωνtheτεχνικών μεhigh τάση τις and time to travel from the to downtown, where work place is, lack of the μεγαλύτερες εταιρίες ναpurlieus υιοθετούν περισσότερο πολύπλοκες τεχνικές, 1.of The termat from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed outside town centres, παρόλο που ηcomes βιομηχανία καιresidencies οι Ruth ορίζοντες του προγραμματισμού επίσης Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of (possibly) επηρεάζουν το πόσο μεtheτοcity”, μέγεθος τηςfor Youth Unemployment. The σχετίζεται same year sheηleftπολυπλοκότητα Germany and after continuous movements lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies andΟι research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back toποικίλλουν London, εταιρίας. προβλέψεις σχετικά με τους ανθρώπινους πόρους in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and επίσης όσον αφορά την πολυπλοκότητα κατά μήκος των Her παραρτημάτων University College of London, where she continued her social research. public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work areίδιες characterized by a passion for justice. also:παράγοντας COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. μέσα στις τις μεγάλες εταιρίες. Ένας See άλλος στην επιλογή and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: τεχνικών προβλέψεων είναι η πολυπλοκότητα του ίδιου του οργανισμού. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Όσο μεγαλύτερη είναι η πολυπλοκότητά του τόσο περισσότερες διαφορές 252139 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

υπάρχουν στις παραμέτρους των μοντέλων και λιγότερα κοινά συμπεράσματα μπορούν να εφαρμοστούν. Περαιτέρω, ένας άλλος παράγοντας είναι ότι με ορίζοντες πολυποίκιλων προβλέψεων, υπάρχει μία τάση να χρησιμοποιούνται πιο πολύπλοκες τεχνικές πρόβλεψης.

Προβλέποντας την Προσφορά Ανθρωπίνων Πόρων Οι τεχνικές που χρησιμοποιούνται για να προβλέψουν την By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS προσφορά ανθρωπίνων πόρων μπορούν να ταξινομηθούν ως Harvard University, Graduate School of Design,είτε Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS ποσοτικές είτε ως ποιοτικές ,παρόλο που η διάκριση αυτή είναι μη Architect Student of the School of Architecture εμφανής μερικές φορές. Περαιτέρω, μερικές τεχνικές πρόβλεψης μπορούν Technical of Crete να χρησιμοποιηθούν για να προβλέψουν και τη ζήτηση και University την προσφορά ανθρωπίνων πόρων. Εντούτοις, οι ταξινομήσεις 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept των τεχνικών είτε από την πλευρά ζήτησης είτε από την πλευρά τηςconcept προσφοράς είτε από το αν είναι 1. Introductory approach: the ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ποιοτικές ή ποσοτικές ως έναν (444 βαθμό. αυτούς τους ANTISTHENIS, the είναι ancient Greek philosopher, BC Με -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage heαυθαίρετες left us, he established a great the περιορισμούς υπόψιν, η κατηγορία των ποσοτικών τεχνικών περιλαμβάνει among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the ανάλυση Markov ήon ταthis μοντέλα ροής δικτύου, ταthe μοντέλα ανάλυσης της acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition content of concepts. Based, therefore, “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,λειτουργιών if (in notthe final, approach, the term φθοράς η προσομοίωση στον Η/Υ ,οι τεχνικές έρευνας καθώς (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification και τα επαναληπτικά μοντέλα of.Ηa city κατηγορία των ποιοτικών τεχνικών Sociology as well), as the “refining” area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology asπεριλαμβάνει well), as the “refining” of a cityαντικατάστασης area, this,διαδοχής (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement there of πρόβλεψης διαγράμματα ήfrom πλάνο ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, etc. However this “change”, of καθώς κι εκτιμήσεις των restaurants, επιβλεπόντων. Κατά περιόδους, τα regardless αποθέματα the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever otherπόρων consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and ανθρωπίνων θα κατηγοριοποιηθούν ως προγραμματισμός ή the ωςof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative τεχνικές προβλέψεων. Εντούτοις , αυτά δεν είναι πραγματικά τεχνικές potential relative speculation). The term gentrification found at first in παρέχουν the UK in early 1960sαπό andτην it refers to προβλέψεων παρόλο πουisτα αποθέματα τη βάση οποία The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor εξάγονται οι προβλέψεις της προσφοράς Αυτόinτο κεφάλαιο the then observed trend wealthy peopleεκtoτων buy έσω. property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof θα περιγράψει παρακάτω τα διαγράμματα το πλάνο London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimesαντικατάστασης, there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. διαδοχής, την ανάλυση Markov, τα μοντέλα επαναληπτικών μεθόδων και being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth την Aπροσομοίωση σε phenomenon Η/Υ. Επιπροσθέτως, τρέχουσα description ofperiod, this is situations includedηinwere the recorded work ofχρησιμοποίηση Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major αυτών των τεχνικών θα συζητηθεί. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more - Διαγράμματα αντικατάστασης comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various Τα διαγράμματα αντικατάστασης περιγράφουν την οργανωσιακή interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon gentrification, theοποίοι following: In aμίας sense, theof phenomenon is dueof toτων a trend of a new category of social groups δομή εταιρίας από την άποψη ιδιωτών οι απασχολούνται to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: highκάτοχο costs in θέσης, money σε“return” ποικίλεςtoδιοικητικές κι επαγγελματικές θέσεις. Για κάθε and to travel from the purlieus toαναγνωρίζονται downtown, where work is, lack of the οι time πιθανές αντικαταστάσεις μέσαplace από τέτοιες 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, πληροφορίες όπως η δυνατότητα του καθενός για πρόοδο και το πλήθος Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at theπριν heart of the city”,movements (possibly) των της εμπειρίας απαιτούνται έχει ταfor Youthετών Unemployment. The same που year she left Germany and afterκάποιος continuousνα lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research Prague, London andθέση. New York came back London, προσόντα για τηνin Geneva, επόμενη υψηλότερη Η she ηλικία του toυποψηφίου in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and επίσης μπορεί ναLondon, συμπεριληφθεί για τις υπολογιζόμενες ημερομηνίες University College of where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. Seeοι also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. συνταξιοδότησης. Για κάθε αντικατάσταση ενδεχόμενες επιλογές για το and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: συγκεκριμένο ιδιώτη καταγράφονται με παρόμοιες πληροφορίες. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Εντούτοις, το διάγραμμα αντικατάστασης το οποίο είναι πιθανό να

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

προσομοιωθεί μέσω Η/Υ παρέχει μία περιγραφή του πώς τα κενά μπορούν να συμπληρωθούν από την αγορά εργασίας εκ των έσω της επιχείρησης. Επίσης, δείχνει τις σχετιζόμενες επιπτώσεις των διαφόρων επιλογών. Όσον αφορά το πότε θα αποφασιστούν οι ενδεχόμενες διοικητικές αντικαταστάσεις και το πότε θα είναι έτοιμες να πάρουν υψηλότερου επιπέδου αρμοδιότητες, μία αξιολόγηση των τρεχόντων δεξιοτήτων τους By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS πρέπει να διεξαχθεί και να University, ταιριάξει Graduate ως προς τις ofδεξιότητες που Harvard School Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS απαιτούνται για τις θέσεις υψηλότερου επιπέδου. Υπάρχουν δύο Architect Student the School of Architecture οργανωσιακές διαστάσεις που θα έπρεπε να of καθοδηγήσουν τέτοιες Technical University of Crete αξιολογήσεις: 1) το ιεραρχικό επίπεδο των διαφόρων θέσεων εργασίας και1.2) το πού η θέση εργασίας βρίσκεται σε έναν άξονα από τις βασικές Introductory approach: Defining the concept υπηρεσίες που μπορεί κάποιος να προσφέρει έως το επίπεδο διαχείρισης 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), και ANTISTHENIS, διοίκησης προσπαθειών των υπολοίπων. Παρόλα αυτά, η the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseτων heritage he left us, he established a great the αξιολόγηση δεν θα έπρεπε να περιλαμβάνει μόνο τις δεξιότητες που among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the απαιτούνται προς τη σχετική ιεραρχία αλλά καιterm ως acquisition of ως knowledge starts with the the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, (κατακόρυφα) if of not final, approach, the 1 on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term προςBased, όλες therefore, τις(and υπόλοιπες που αφορούν το πώς δουλεύει μία εταιρία urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification (οριζόντια) και να είναι συνεπή αυτά τα from προσόντα με τη Sociology as well), asγενικά the “refining” of a city area, the removal this, (in various Sociology asδιαχείριση well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement γενικότερη της εταιρίας. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation art galleries, etc. However thisτων “change”, regardless of Ένα of άλλο θέμα restaurants, της χρησιμοποίησης διαγραμμάτων the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences also rising prices (andτων theof αντικατάστασης ως προς has, τηνresults πρόβλεψη τωνof land αποθεμάτων whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ανθρωπίνων πόρων περιλαμβάνει την αξιολόγηση των ικανοτήτων των potential relative speculation). term gentrification is foundκαθώς at first inκαι the τα UKπροσόντα in early 1960s andδιαθέτουν it refers to ήδηThe υπαρχόντων υπαλλήλων που The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor προκειμένου να αναλάβουν μελλοντικές θέσεις. Πριν καθορισθεί ο αριθμός the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof των καταλλήλων αντικαταστάσεων μία υπάρχουσα μελλοντική θέση, London, upgrade them, stay themselvesγια sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. πρέπει να υπάρχει ένα μέσο σύγκρισης των πιθανών υποψηφίων για τις being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth αντικαταστάσεις σχετικά με τιςsimilar απαιτήσεις τωνinwere θέσεων. A description of this phenomenon is situations included the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. -inΠλάνο Since then, διαδοχής the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for various its more Παρόλο approach που είναι παρόμοιο με below, τον προγραμματισμό comprehensive arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various αντικατάστασης καιphenomenon τη χρήση of των διαγραμμάτων αντικατάστασης, το interpretations of the gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend ofπρος a new of social groups πλάνο διαδοχής τείνει να isκατευθύνεται έναν μακροπρόθεσμο to “return”ορίζοντα to the city,και leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money χρονικό είναι περισσότερο εστιασμένο στην ανάπτυξη. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, work place of the Επίσης ασχολείται περισσότερο με την where ανάπτυξη ενόςis, lack συνόλου 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ενδεχόμενων αντικαταστάσεων σε αντίθεση με άλλες που είναι Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health,Το education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) μεμονωμένες. πλάνο διαδοχής περιλαμβάνει πιο λεπτομερή Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, London δεξιοτήτων and New York she back toμε London, προγραμματισμό για τηνPrague, ανάπτυξη σεcame σχέση πιθανές in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and αντικαταστάσεις, είναι where πιο she συστηματικό στηνresearch. αξιολόγηση πιθανών University informal College of London, continued her social Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. αντικαταστάσεων καιby aστις αναπτυξιακές τους ανάγκες και γενικά and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: εφαρμόζεται σε υψηλότερα επίπεδα διοικητικών θέσεων G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Σε μερικές εταιρίες, το πλάνο διαδοχής επίσης ενσωματώνει αναπτυξιακό προγραμματισμό για υψηλής πιθανότητας manager καθώς όμως αυτοί βρίσκονται σε χαμηλότερου επιπέδου θέσεις. Αυτό είναι ιδιαίτερα διαδεδομένο σε μειονότητες και γυναίκες που είναι πιθανό να γίνουν μακροπρόθεσμα διάδοχοι .Επιπροσθέτως, το πλάνο διαδοχής μπορεί να ασχολείται επίσης με μελλοντικές απαιτήσεις για θέσεις στελεχών αφού τα απαραίτητα προσωπικά προσόντα χαρακτηριστικά By Mr. George-Sp. C. και ATHANASOPOULOS ίσως διαφέρουν ουσιαστικά από τις Graduate τρέχουσες απαιτήσεις. Αφού Harvard University, School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. μήκος ATHANASSOPOULOS σημειώθηκαν οι αυξανόμενες αλληλεξαρτήσεις κατά των ζωτικών Architect of the School of ανάπτυξη Architecture τομέων σε πολλές εταιρίες, μία υποσχόμενηStudent προσέγγιση για την Technical University of Crete πιθανών διαδόχων για μελλοντικές θέσεις που ίσως τους ανατεθούν ηγετικές αρμοδιότητες σε Defining διαλειτουργικές ομάδες .Εντούτοις, στα ήδη 1. Introductory approach: the concept υπάρχοντα στελέχη ίσως διστάσουν να πάρουν αποφάσεις επιλογής στο 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC, Athens), σχεδιασμό μελλοντικών απαιτήσεων της εταιρίας όσο ναBC, αφορά τα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 Athens), among otherτων wise heritage he left us, he established a great the προσόντα τα οποία είναι δύσκολο να ποσοτικοποιήσει κανείς. Μία σχετική among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the δυσκολία αποκαλύπτεται παρακάτω: Είναι δύσκολο για term την acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, εξαιρετικά if of not final, approach, the 1 Based,διοίκηση therefore, this “principle” inindicated aότι first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term ανώτατη ναonέχει την πεποίθηση επιλέγουν διαδόχους με αυτή (and urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification τη νέα προοπτική όταν δεν υπάρχουν δεδομένα που ναthis, μπορούν να Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually low-income and the placement there of artists, εμπιστευτούν. Πριν, όταν τα of στελέχη επέλεγαν διαδόχους σύμφωνα με το ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there ofαφού artists, the operation of art galleries, etc. However “change”, regardless of δικό τους μοντέλο, τα restaurants, δεδομένα ήσαν λιγότερο σημαντικά the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has,τη results also rising of landένα prices (and ότι theof μπορούσαν να χρησιμοποιήσουν δική τους διαίσθηση, αίσθημα whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative είναι «ένας από εμάς»(και συνήθως ήταν άνδρας). potential relative speculation). TheΣτο term gentrification foundδιαδοχής at first in the UKσυμμετοχικό in early 1960sκαι andτα it refers to βαθμό που το isπλάνο είναι σχέδιά The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor του στουςwealthy τομείς ανάπτυξης τηςproperty καριέραςinίσως μειωθεί the ενσωματώνονται then observed trend people to there buy areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus oldpoor residents areof οLondon, συνολικός αριθμός άξιων managers.Για εκείνους που upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there andενημερώνονται thus old residentsότι are being indirectly “squeezed”. είναι οι επόμενοι στην γραμμή για μία θέση, ίσως αυτό αποτελέσει μία being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth κινητήρια και isμία επιπρόσθετη πιθανότητα να A description ofperiod, this καθώς phenomenon included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theσυνέπεια same while similar situations in other major παραμείνουν και μελλοντικά στην εταιρία. GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Καθώς σημαντικά οφέληseveral του πλάνου διαδοχής, υπάρχει Since then,υπάρχουν the issue has scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more και αυξανόμενη approach ανησυχία are σχετικά την ικανότητα του παραδοσιακού comprehensive beingμε summarized below, from the various comprehensive approach are being summarized from the σχεδιασμού διαδοχής και παράγει ικανούς διαδόχους ιδιαίτερα σεvarious μία interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: interpretations theβάση. phenomenon theπολυπλοκότητας following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a ,μέρος trend of aτης new category of social groups θέση ανά θέσηΕυτυχώς των to “return” to theτου city,πλάνου leaving διαδοχής the purlieus for several reasons: highμε costs money λεπτομερειών μπορεί να διαχειριστεί τη in βοήθεια and time to travel the purlieus to downtown, whereλογισμικού work place is,που lackέχουν of the λογισμικού. Για from παράδειγμα, υπάρχουν πακέτα 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, σχεδιαστεί για το πλάνο διαδοχής, όπως το Succession Plus που είναι Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) διαθέσιμο σε Oracle εκδοχές. Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and - Ανάλυση University College ofmarkov London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH Στοareπαρελθόν, μερικοί ερευνητές παρατήρησαν ότι οιDICTIONARY. εταιρίες and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: έτειναν να διαθέτουν μεγαλύτερη ειδίκευση και να προσδίδουν G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually μεγαλύτερη έμφαση στην πρόβλεψη ζήτησης των ανθρώπινων πόρων

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

από ότι στη δική τους προσφορά. Παρόλα αυτά, η εφαρμογή της ανάλυσης Markov στην πρόβλεψη ανθρώπινων πόρων άλλαξε την κατάσταση μέσω της παροχής της πρακτικής και πολύπλευρης τεχνικής για την πρόβλεψη της εσωτερικής προσφοράς. Κάπως έτσι, οι τεχνικές μπορούν να εξυπηρετήσουν το στρατηγικό σκοπό της αξιολόγησης της διαθεσιμότητας των απαιτούμενων ανθρώπινων πόρων για διαφορετικές στρατηγικές. Τα μοντέλα Markov έχουν προς την απλή κι By Mr. πλεονέκτημα George-Sp. C.ως ATHANASOPOULOS εύκολη κατανόηση τουςHarvard παρόλο που μπορούν είναιofαριθμητικά πιο University, Graduateνα School Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS πολύπλοκα. Architect Student πίνακα of the School Architecture Αρχίζοντας με τα μοντέλα Markov (βλέπε 1), οofμελετητής Technical University Crete πρέπει να υπολογίσει όλες τις πιθανές μετακινήσεις ή ροέςofτων υπαλλήλων στον οργανισμό. Τέτοιες 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept κινήσεις περιλαμβάνουν μετακινήσεις μέσα στον ίδιο τον οργανισμό, μετακινήσεις από τη μία θέση 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), στηνANTISTHENIS, άλλη και εξόδου. Οι μετακινήσεις των theμετακινήσεις ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370μεταξύ BC, Athens), among otherκαθώς wise heritage he left us, he established a great the θέσεων μπορούν να είναι προς τα επάνω στην ιεραρχία καθώς επίσης among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. και κατά μήκος άλλων λειτουργιών επιχείρηση. Απαραιτήτως, τα acquisition of knowledge starts with theστην the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (andαρχίζουν Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term μοντέλα Markov με τις κατανομές του αριθμού των υπαλλήλων urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification σε ποικίλες κατηγορίες θέσεωνofεργασίας στην παρούσα φάση. Αυτές οι Sociology as well), as the “refining” a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theπιθανοτήτων placement there of artists, κατανομές μετατρέπονται τότε από έναν πίνακα μετάβασης ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there ofίδιων artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of σε μία προβλεπόμενη κατανομή υπαλλήλων κατά μήκος αυτών των the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has,αργότερα. results alsoΟιrising of land prices (and the κατηγοριών θέσεων μία περίοδο πιθανότητες μετάβασης σεof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative κάθε σειρά του πίνακα πρέπει να έχουν συνολικό άθροισμα 1. Το συνολικό potential relative speculation). The termτων gentrification is found at first in theπίνακα UK in early 1960s and it refersτη to άθροισμα διαγώνιων στοιχείων του αφού εξαιρέσουμε The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor στήλη που αντιπροσωπεύει τις μετακινήσεις εξόδου, αντιστοιχεί στηνof the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents are αναλογία των εργαζομένων που παραμένουν στηνand ίδια από την London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there thusθέση old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. περίοδο 1 στην περίοδο 2. Τα μοντέλα Markov δεν μπορούν να λάβουν being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth υπόψη περισσότερες από μία μετακίνηση ανά χρονική περίοδο. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Για λόγους απεικόνισης, το μοντέλο Markov στον πίνακα 1 GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. περιλαμβάνει μόνο 5 διαφορετικά πόστα εργασίας και μία μετακίνηση Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more SinceΠαρόλο then, the issue preoccupied several scholars andthe for its more εξόδου. που δενhas φαίνεται σε αυτό το below, παράδειγμα, οι various θέσεις comprehensive approach are being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various μπορούν επίσης ναphenomenon είναι στοιχισμένες ανάλογα το ιεραρχικό τους interpretations of the of gentrification, the με following: interpretations the phenomenon of the following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new category of social groups επίπεδο, με τη θέση 1 να είναι πιο χαμηλά στην ιεραρχία από τη θέση 2 to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several high costs in money κλπ. Η προβλεπόμενη κατανομή υπαλλήλων για reasons: την περίοδο 2 προκύπτει and time to travel from την the purlieus downtown,των where work place is, of the πολλαπλασιάζοντας αρχική toκατανομή υπαλλήλων μεlack καθεμία 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, στήλη των πιθανοτήτων μετάβασης. Ο αριθμός των υπαλλήλων για κάθε Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at heart of καθενός the city”,movements (possibly) πόστο στην προβλεπόμενη τοthe άθροισμα από αυτάfor Youth Unemployment. The sameκατανομή year she leftείναι Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, and New York she cameαπό back toτη London, τα επίπεδα εργασίας όπως London πολλαπλασιάστηκαν στήλη in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and πιθανοτήτων μετάβασης. Παρόλο που οποιαδήποτε περίοδο μπορεί να University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. χρησιμοποιηθεί, οι περίοδοι ενός χρόνου είναι σχετικοί για πολλές and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: εφαρμογές. G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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1. Introductory the concept Πίνακας 1: approach: Μοντέλο Defining Markov για την πρόβλεψη προσφοράς 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCτυπικά -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), amongΟιother wise heritage he leftγια us, he a great the πιθανότητες μετάβασης τα established μοντέλα Markov εξάγονται among other wise heritage he leftthe us, he established a great the acquisition of knowledge startsαφορά with of theτων content of“principle”: concepts. από ιστορικά στοιχεία όσον τιςdefinition μετακινήσεις υπαλλήλων μεταξύ acquisition ofκαθώς knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, onκαι this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term των θέσεων τις μετακινήσεις εξόδου από τον οργανισμό. Για 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if (in not1the final, approach, the term gentrification) indicated area of Planning) (or gentrification παράδειγμα, οι1 πιθανότητες μετάβασηςis από τη θέση στη θέση 2 μπορεί να gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various καθορισθεί πληκτρολογώντας το ποσοστό των υπαλλήλων στη θέση 1 που Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), social groups, usually of low-income placement there of artists, κάνουνofμία τέτοια κίνηση παραπάνω από and μία the φορά ανά χρονική περίοδο. ways), of social groups, usually of and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Ένας σημαντικός συλλογισμός γιαlow-income τη χρήση των μοντέλων Markov είναι ότι the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the με δεδομένα μικρούς αριθμούς κατόχων θέσης, οι πιθανότητες μετάβασηςof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential γίνονται relative ασταθείς. Για παράδειγμα, εάν υπάρχουν μόνο 2 εργαζόμενοι σε μία potential relative speculation). Theκιterm gentrification is found at first in the UKθα in early it refersθα to θέση ο ένας φύγει, η πιθανότητα μετάβασης ήταν 1960s μόνο and 0,50.Αυτό The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor μπορούσε να είναι μία πολύ παραπλανητική πιθανότητα μετάβασης. Ένα the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, and thus old residents areof άλλο πρόβλημα είναιstay ότιthemselves οι πιθανότητες πουthere προκύπτουν τέτοια London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus oldαπό residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ποσοστά μπορεί“squeezed”. να μην είναι σταθερές αν βασίζονται σε κινήσεις μόνον ενός being indirectly A description this included in the workνα ofπληκτρολογήσει Sociologist Ruth έτους. Σύμφωνα of με τα phenomenon παραπάνω, οisis προβλέπων μπορεί A description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar situations in other major ένα μέσοatποσοστό εργαζομένων που κάνει τέτοιες μετακινήσεις μέσα σε GLASS the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. αρκετά χρόνια (π.χ. από 3 έως 5 χρόνια) ώστε να αποκτήσει μία πιο σταθερή cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more πιθανότητα μετάβασης. Η has θετική πλευρά του αντισταθμίσματος αυτού Since then, the issue several scholars andthe for various itsείναι more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from ότι με πιθανότητες βασισμένες σε ποσοστά πουbelow, προκύπτουν από τα comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: δεδομένα πολλών ετών είναι λιγότερο επιρρεπείς σε λανθασμένες επιρροές. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Δυστυχώς, το μειονέκτημα είναι ότι ο αντίκτυπος των πρόσφατων to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costsεξελίξεων in money θα καλυφθεί στοfrom βαθμό που τέτοια πρόσφατα δεδομένα προέκυψαν ως and time to travel the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the μέσος όρος δεδομένα προηγουμένων ετών.centres, Με πιθανότητες 1.of The termαπό from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruthτις GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes theτα distributed residencies outside town search for Berlin, whereνα sheβασίζονται made her first studies. In 1932 she published an importantδεδομένων, study entitled: μετάβασης μόνο σε ένα ή δύο χρόνια ιστορικών services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year των she left Germany and after continuous παρόλα αυτά, οι μετακινήσεις εργαζομένων μεταξύ των θέσεων θα lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, εντοπιστούν πιο γρήγορα και οι πρόσφατες εξελίξεις θα εκπροσωπηθούν πιο in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and έντονα στοinformal σύνολο της πρόβλεψης. long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Οι προβλέποντες των ανθρώπινων πόρων μπορούν να αποσπάσουν and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: την απαιτούμενη ισορροπία μεταξύ υψηλόρυθμου ή χαμηλόρυθμου G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

εντοπισμού πιθανοτήτων μετάβασης μέσα από μία διεργασία δοκιμών και λαθών. Για παράδειγμα, ο προβλέπων μπορεί να προσπαθήσει να προβλέψει τις μετακινήσεις των υπαλλήλων μεταξύ θέσεων που συνέβησαν τον προηγούμενο χρόνο. Οι εκάστοτε μελετητές μπορούν να πειραματιστούν με τις πιθανότητες μετάβασης που βασίζονται σε μετακινήσεις για ένα χρόνο πριν από τον τρέχοντα, ένας μέσος όρος για τα δύο προηγούμενα χρόνια καθώς και ένα μέσο όρο για τα τρία προηγούμενα χρόνια και τέλος By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS συγκρίνουν αυτές τις προβλέψεις με αυτά που πραγματικά συνέβησαν. Με Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, αυτό τον τρόπο, ο προβλέπων μπορεί τον αριθμό By να Mr.καθορίσει George-Sp. C.συγκεκριμένο ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect ετών που παράγει τις πιθανότητες μετάβασης οι οποίες θα δώσουν τελικά Student of the School of Architecture την πιο ακριβή πρόβλεψη. Φυσικά, από οποιαδήποτε χρήση ιστορικών Technical University of Crete δεδομένων απορρέει το συμπέρασμα ότι οι συγκεκριμένες συνθήκες του 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept παρελθόντος θα παραμείνουν μελλοντικά ίδιες το οποίο ίσως να μην είναι 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), αλήθεια. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, theστις ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 προσφοράς BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he προβλέψεις left us, he established a great the Επιπροσθέτως της εσωτερικής among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he τον established aένα great the acquisition of knowledge with of the content of“principle”: concepts. ανθρωπίνων πόρων ενόςstarts οργανισμού για επόμενο χρόνο, η ανάλυση acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content of concepts. Based,μπορεί therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Markov να χρησιμοποιηθεί γιαindefinition πιο μακροπρόθεσμες προβλέψεις. Οι 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inμία a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) indicated area ofτην Planning) (or gentrification επαναληπτικές προσεγγίσεις παρέχουνis εναλλακτική για επέκταση 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various των προβλέψεων της ανάλυσης Markov για αρκετά χρόνια στο μέλλον. Με μία Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement there επαναληπτική προσέγγιση η προβλεπόμενη κατανομή τωνfrom υπαλλήλων κατά ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of μήκος των διαφόρων θέσεων χρησιμοποιείται ως δεδομένο για την κατανομή the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the του επόμενου έτους, η οποία τότε χρησιμοποιείτο μαζί με τις πιθανότητεςof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative μετάβασης προκειμένου να προκύψει η επόμενη προβλεπόμενη κατανομή. potential relative speculation). Theη term gentrification is found at first inγια theμία UKπρόβλεψη in early 1960s and it refers to Αυτή διεργασία τότε επαναλαμβάνεται επόμενου χρόνου The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor στο μέλλον και μπορεί να πραγματοποιηθεί σε μηχανογραφημένα φύλλα στον the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof Η/Υ. Οι upgrade προβλέποντες πρέπει να λάβουν υπόψη ότι εγκυρότητα των London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there andηthus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. πιθανοτήτων μετάβασης θα ήταν πιθανότατα χαμηλότερη όσο η πρόβλεψη being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon included in the work of Sociologist Ruth επεκτείνεται ευρύτερα στο μέλλον isαφού οι περισσότερες είναι A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work ofσυνθήκες Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major πιθανό ναatαλλάξουν. GLASS the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Εκτός της χρήσης της την πρόβλεψη, η ανάλυση Markov cities in Western countries, byόσον otherαφορά Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more μπορεί επίσης χρησιμοποιηθεί για λογιστικούς της Since then,ναthe issue has severalελέγχους scholars andλειτουργίας for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the των ανθρώπινων approach πόρων προκειμένου να καθορίσει το εάν υπάρχουν τυχόν comprehensive are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: ανωμαλίες στη ροή των υπαλλήλων μέσα από τις διαφορετικές θέσεις ενός interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups οργανισμού. Αυτό μπορεί να γίνει κατασκευάζοντας ξεχωριστούς πίνακες to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money μετάβασης Markov γιαthe τιςpurlieus μειονότητες και τις γυναίκες και place συγκρίνοντας and time to travel from to downtown, where work is, lack ofτην the ομοιομορφία η ανάλυση Markov ίσως έχει εφαρμοσιμότητα 1.of The termτους. from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes theΠαρομοίως, distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where sheτων her firstστόχων studies. In 1932 she published an important entitled: στην ανάπτυξη σαφών δράσης επειδή μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί services of health,made education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,study (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements για να προβλέψει την εσωτερική προσφορά των μειονοτήτων και τωνfor lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, where γυναικών οιpublished οποίοι θαstudies είναι διαθέσιμοι σε διάφορες θέσεις στιγμή in According 1943 she regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheκάποια teacher στο in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University College η of τεχνική London, where sheνα continued her social για research. Her public and μέλλον. Επίσης, μπορεί είναι χρήσιμη την αναγνώριση των long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. μονοπατιών καριέρας καιfor σχεδίων ευελιξίας το οποίοofμπορεί να είναι αρωγός and selling real estate, etc., theCodepreciation initially part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: στο σχεδιασμό της καριέρας και της ανάπτυξης. Οι ερευνητές επίσης έχουν G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

εκδηλώσει την εφικτότητα της χρησιμοποίησης ενός συνδυασμού της ανάλυσης Markov και τη λογιστική ανθρωπίνων πόρων προκειμένου να προβλέψουν και να αποτιμήσουν την μελλοντική αξία των ανθρώπινων πόρων μίας επίκτητης εταιρίας. Παρόλο που τα μοντέλα Markov ταξινομούνται εδώ σαν τεχνική πρόβλεψης της προσφοράς μπορούν επίσης να χρησιμοποιηθούν σύμφωνα με τις προδιαγραφές της μελλοντικής ζήτησης. Για παράδειγμα, ένας μεγάλος κατασκευαστής computer με πολλά χρόνια By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS εμπειρία στις προβλέψεις χρησιμοποιεί προδιαγραφές από μοντέλα Markov. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Οι προβλέποντες συνδυάζουνBy ταMr. μοντέλα Markov με σενάρια Architect ζήτησης George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS ξεκινώντας με μία προδιαγραφή της επιθυμητής μελλοντικής κατανομής των Student of the School of Architecture υπαλλήλων σε διάφορες κατηγορίες θέσεων, Technical ουσιαστικά σε θέσεις University of Crete υψηλότερου επιπέδου. Δουλεύοντας στο παρασκήνιο, ο προβλέπων τότε 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept μετάβασης τις οποίες θα καθορίζει τη σπουδαιότητα των πιθανοτήτων 1. Introductory approach: Defining the χρειαστούν για ναtheδημιουργήσουν τη concept ροή των την ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444υπαλλήλων BC - 370 BC,από Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370Τα BC, Athens), among otherκατανομή wise heritage left us, he μελλοντική established(444 a great the υπάρχουσα στηνheεπιθυμητή κατανομή. ποσοστά among other wiseαπολύσεων heritage leftthe us, he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with definition of theπολιτικών content concepts. προαγωγών και είναι παραδείγματα ανθρώπινων acquisition ofθαknowledge starts theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, the term πόρων που μπορούσαν ναwith προσαρμοστούν ώστε ναapproach, αποκτήσουν την 1 (and urban Based, ροή therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the την term gentrification) is area Planning) (or gentrification επιθυμητή ανθρώπινων πόρων μέσα στην εταιρία ώστε ναofπετύχουν 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various επιθυμητή κατανομή εργαζομένων. Τα ποσοστά μετάβασης επίσης μπορούν Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this,πολιτικές. (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement of να αλλάξουν ώστε να απεικονίσουν αλλαγές σε τέτοιες ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of μοντέλα art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Εφαρμόζοντας με διαφορετικά ποσοστά μετάβασης, αντίστοιχα των the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the αλλαγών της εκάστοτε πολιτικής, ο αντίκτυπος στις ροές των ανθρώπινωνof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative πόρων μεταξύ θέσεων και ιεραρχικών επιπέδων μπορεί να καθορισθεί. potential relative speculation). TheΜία termαδυναμία gentrification found at firstMarkov in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to τηςis ανάλυσης αποκαλύφθηκε όταν μικροί The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor αριθμοί υπαλλήλων στις διάφορες κατηγορίες θέσεων απέτρεψαν την the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof αποτελεσματική χρησιμοποίηση της τεχνικής. London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth -description Επαναληπτικά μοντέλα A ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Μία άλλη κατηγορία τεχνικών πρόβλεψης ανθρώπινων πόρων GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. αποτελείται από τα επαναληπτικά Αυτά τα μοντέλα απεικονίζουν τη cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied otherμοντέλα. Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more μετακίνηση ή τη ροή των υπαλλήλων μέσω των δημοσίων οργανισμών σανmore να Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from ‘πιέζονταν’ ώστε να καλύψουν τα κενά σε υψηλότερου επιπέδου κατηγορίες comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: θέσεων .Έναtheπλεονέκτημα των μοντέλων είναι ότι interpretations of the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, phenomenon is due togentrification, aεπαναληπτικών trend of a new of social groups εμπλέκουν απλά μαθηματικά είναι αμέσως κατανοητά στους to “return” to the city, leaving theκαι purlieus for several reasons: high costsmanagers. in money Τα επαναληπτικά μοντέλα, στην πιο απλή μορφή τους να and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work placeμπορούν is, lack of the χρησιμοποιήσουν ηλικιακές κατηγορίες υπαλλήλων ως εστία της ανάλυσης. 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin Berlin, she made her first studies. In 1932 she published entitled: Όσο τοwhere των υπαρχόντων υπαλλήλων σε an μία ομάδα services ofεπίπεδο health, education, entertainment “at the heart ofimportant theηλικιακή city”,study (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for μεταφέρεται στο μέλλον, η ομάδα ‘μεγαλώνει’ κατά ένα χρόνο. Όταν lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, where προσδοκώνται ποσοστά αλλαγών ναtobecame χρησιμοποιηθούν in According 1943 she published studies regarding city planning. μπορεί In 1950 she teacher in the toμεγαλύτερα another approach, the phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued social research. Her public and μικρότερα χρονικά διαστήματα. Η groups, ‘κατά her ένα χρόνο’ μεγαλύτερη ομάδα long-term effort by organized manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. προσαρμόζεται τότεetc., στις απώλειες των initially υπαλλήλων διαφόρων and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation of partεξαιτίας of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: μορφών φθοράς. Τα ποσοστά φθοράς μπορούν να προκύψουν από ιστορικά G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

δεδομένα και τυπικά διαφέρουν κατά μήκος των ηλικιακών ομάδων. Τυπικά, η φθορά θα ήταν σχετικά υψηλή στους νεότερους εργάτες όπως και σε πρόσφατα πτυχιούχους κολεγίων καθώς και ηλικιακές ομάδες που είναι κοντά στη συνταξιοδότηση. Επιπροσθέτως των ηλικιακών ομάδων και των προσαρμοζόμενων ομάδων ως προς τη φθορά, τα επαναληπτικά μοντέλα μπορούν επίσης να διαμορφωθούν σύμφωνα με την ιεραρχία ταξινόμησης των θέσεων και By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS μπορεί επίσης να απεικονίσει την πρόσληψη νέων υπαλλήλων καθώς και τις Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, προαγωγές των υπαρχόντων εργαζομένων μέσα σε διαφορετικές κατηγορίες By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect θέσεων. Οι αριθμοί των υπαλλήλων σε κάθε κατηγορία θέσης να Student of the School ofμπορεί Architecture προσαρμοστεί κατά τη διάρκεια της διεργασίας προκειμένου να απεικονίσουν Technical University of Crete τις ανάγκες για διαστολή ή συστολή οι οποίες υπαγορεύονται από το 1. Introductory Defining the concept στρατηγικό πλάνοapproach: της εταιρίας. Αρχίζοντας από το ανώτατο σημείο της 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ιεραρχίας, ο προγραμματιστής πόρων(444 μπορεί δουλέψει προς ANTISTHENIS, the ancient ανθρώπινων Greek philosopher, BC να - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370προκειμένου BC, Athens), among other wiseκατηγορία heritage he left us, established a great the τα κάτω σε κάθε θέσης, με he έναν αλγοριθμικό τρόπο, among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he που established a great the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content of“principle”: concepts. να καθορίσει τον αριθμό τωνhe υπαλλήλων πρέπει να προαχθούν από τις acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the κατώτερες ταξινομήσεις και τις πολιτικές ροής που θα χρειαστούν γιαterm να 1 (and urban Based,τέτοιους therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, επιπρόσθετα if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area ofστα Planning) (or gentrification παρέχουν αριθμούς. Για παράδειγμα, ποσοστά 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various παραγωγής, οι ανάγκες για προσλήψεις από την εξωτερική αγορά εργασίας Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of καθώς low-income and the placement μπορούν να αναγνωριστούν και οι the ανάγκες για εκπαιδευτικά ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of ειδικών art galleries, restaurants,θέσεων etc. However “change”, regardless of προγράμματα κατηγοριών που this προβλεπόταν να έχουν the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the ελλείψεις. whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potentialΤα relative speculation). επαναληπτικά μοντέλα μπορούν επίσης να προσομοιωθούν με potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UKπαραγωγής in early 1960sέτσι and itώστε refers οι to διαφορετικές προδιαγραφές των ποσοστών The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor διαφοροποιημένες επιρροές τους να μπορούν να καθορισθούν. Τα μοντέλα the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof μπορούν επίσης να προσομοιωθούν μεsometimes διαφορετικά ποσοστά καθώς London, upgrade them, stay themselves there and thusφθοράς old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. κιbeing άλλα προγραμματιστικά συμπεράσματα. Επιπροσθέτως, τα παραπάνω indirectly “squeezed”. A description thisεφαρμοσθούν phenomenon σε is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth μοντέλα μπορούνofof να πληθυσμούς όπως οι A description this phenomenon is συγκεκριμένους included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar situations in other major μειονότητες και οι γυναίκες έτσι ώστε η κατάσταση μελλοντικής δράσης μίας GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. εταιρίας να μπορεί να προβλεφθεί. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from Προσομοίωση σε ηλεκτρονικό υπολογιστή comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Μερικές φορές δηλώνεται ότι οι προσομοιώσεις σε Η/Υ είναι οι πιο interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups χρήσιμες τεχνικές προβλέψεων για την καθοδήγηση των επιχειρηματικών to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money αποφάσεων. Οι προσομοιώσεις το πλεονέκτημα ότι place επιτρέπουν στον and time to travel from the purlieusέχουν to downtown, where work is, lack of the προβλέποντα να δημιουργήσει έναν αριθμό από διαφορετικά μελλοντικά 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for betterin Berlin, where she madeτην her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: σενάρια αλλάζοντας αξίαentertainment των παραμέτρων τηςheart προσομοίωσης. από services of health, education, “at the of the city”,Μέσα (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for αυτή τη διαδικασία, ο προβλέπων μπορεί να καθορίσει παραλλαγές στις lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, προβλεπόμενες αξίεςstudies σύμφωνα μεthe διαφορετικές μελλοντικών in According 1943 she published regarding city planning. In διατυπώσεις 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, phenomenon is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. δράσεις Her public action and συνθηκών και μπορούν προγραμματίσουν εναλλακτικές ώστε να long-term effort να by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. μειώσουν την αβεβαιότητα και το ρίσκοinitially τηςWIKIPEDIA: διοίκησης. Περαιτέρω, and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation of part of the urban web, οι in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. The Free Encyclopedia: προσομοιώσεις στον Η/Υ επιτρέπουν στον προγραμματιστή και στον G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

προβλέποντα να αξιολογήσουν την ευαισθησία των παραμέτρων του μοντέλου ως προς τις εναλλακτικές προδιαγραφές. Τρέχοντας αναλύσεις ευαισθησίας, οι προβλέποντες μπορούν να αποσπάσουν τον αντίκτυπο των μη έγκυρων αποτελεσμάτων. Με τη ραγδαία αύξηση της δύναμης των προσωπικών υπολογιστών και της προόδου στο λογισμικό, είναι πιθανό να ενισχυθεί η σημασία των προσομοιώσεων ως προς τις τεχνικές προβλέψεων και τον προγραμματισμό ανθρωπίνων πόρων. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Ένα παράδειγμα μίας στρατηγικής εφαρμογής ενός συνδυασμού Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, προσομοίωσης σε Η/Υ και ανάλυσης της φθοράς προκειμένου να By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect προβλεφθούν οι προμήθειες σε ανθρώπινους πόρους παρέχεται από τις Student of the School of Architecture εμπειρίες δύο δημόσιων σχολείων σε διαφορετικές συνοικίες Κολούμπια Technicalστην University of Crete της Βρετανίας. Σε αυτή την εφαρμογή, η τρέχουσα απογραφή των δασκάλων 1. Introductory Defining concept μειώσεις λόγω φθοράς. Οι ‘μεταφέρθηκε στοapproach: μέλλον ‘μετά απόthe σχετικές 1. Introductory approach: Defining the υπολογισμοί της φθοράς βασίζονταν σεconcept ιστορικά οι ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444ποσοστά-μετρήσεις BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCτη -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among wise ανάλογα heritage he he established a και great the οποίες other διέφεραν μεleft τηνus,ηλικιακή ομάδα συνοικία του among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition ofΠαρακάτω knowledge starts with the content concepts. σχολείου. περιγράφονται τα of αποτελέσματα αυτής της acquisition of knowledge starts withτο theπιο the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition aσημαντικό first, if of not final, approach, the term προγραμματιστικής προσπάθειας: αποτέλεσμα αυτών των 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first,δυναμικού if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification εφαρμογών του σχεδιασμού του ανθρώπινου ήταν ότι αυτή η 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ανάλυση ενθάρρυνε τους διοικούντες των σχολείων να σκεφτούν στρατηγικά Sociology asτους well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), of με social groups, usually low-income andthe theremoval placement of σχετικά πόρους του of ανθρώπινου δυναμικού το οποίο διοικούσαν. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Χρησιμοποιώντας συγκεκριμένες διαδικασίες γιαthisνα υπολογίσουν την the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the προσφορά και τη ζήτηση για δασκάλους ,εκείνους τους παράγοντες πουof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative επηρέασαν την ικανότητα της συνοικίας ώστε να ισορροπήσει την προσφορά potential relative speculation). term gentrification foundκαι at first in theΜία UKδεύτερη in early 1960s andαυτού it refers to καιThe τη ζήτηση έγιναν πιο is ορατοί σαφείς. πλευρά του The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor στρατηγικού προσανατολισμού όσον αφορά τη διοίκηση του ανθρώπινου the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade themselves and thus old residents areof δυναμικού ήτανthem, ότι stay οιstay διοικούντες συγκεντρώθηκαν σημασία των London, upgrade them, themselves sometimes there andστη thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. σχετικών ποσοστών των ροών του ανθρώπινου δυναμικού μέσα κι έξω από being indirectly “squeezed”. A οργανισμούς description ofαυτούς. this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth τους A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Βιβλιογραφία cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more  Κωνστ. ΓΕ. Αθανασόπουλος: Διοικητικό Εκδόσεις Κέντρο Since then, the issue has severalΔίκαιο. scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from Επιμόρφωσης Μελετών, Έρευνας και Ανάπτυξης, Αθήναι 2014. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Κωνστ. Αθανασόπουλος, (Επιστ. R. Noe,ofJ.social Hollenbeck, interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: In asense, theΓΕ. phenomenon is dueof to a trendΕπιμέλεια), of a new groups B. Gerhart, P. Wright: Διαχείριση Ανθρωπίνων Πόρων. Τόμοι Α΄ και Β΄. Εκδ. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ΠΑΠΑΖΗΣΗ, Αθήναι, 2007. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the The Παπαλεξανδρή Νάνσυ, Μπουραντάς Δημήτρης. Διοίκηση Ανθρώπινων termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where she2003. made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Πόρων, Αθήνα, services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for  Ν. Πολύζος, Αποδοτικότητα των νοσοκομείων με την lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private easier access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came to back to βάση London, ταξινόμηση των ασθενών (DRGs), Αθήνα, 1999. In 1950 in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where continued her social research. brokers Her public and  WHO Europe, Health for she all in the 21st century long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in  Μ,Wil. Θεοδώρου, Μ. Σαρρής, Σ. Σούλης, Υγείας, Αθήνα, 1998. 10th edit. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. LondonΣυστήματα 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Κριτικό Σημείωμα GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Ελένη Αν.Gentrification ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑ: Concerns «Το ειδικό καθεστώς οικονομικών δραστηριοτήτων του

Ελληνικού Κράτους σε Χώρες των Βαλκανίων: By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Θεωρητικές προσεγγίσεις και εμπειρικοί προσανατολισμοί»

Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Έκδοση Κέντρου Επιμόρφωσης, Μελετών, Έρευνας και Ανάπτυξης, Student of the School of Architecture ISBN: 978-618-83866-0-0Technical University of Crete

Αθήναι, 2018

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek Τηςphilosopher, Δόκτορος Βασιλικής ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among otherΕπίκουρης wise heritage he left us, he established aΠανεπιστημίου great the Καθηγήτριας του Παντείου Κ.Π.Ε. among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. Αναπλ.ofΚαθ. Σ.Α.Ε.Α. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Εντε. Διδ. Ε.Κ.Δ.Δ.Α. 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Σε μια περίοδο δυσμενούς οικονομικής συγκυρίας για την Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, Ελλάδα, η of Συγγραφέας κυρία Ελένη ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑ και Διδάσκουσα the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever otherΔιπλωματία consequencesστο has, results also rising του of land prices (and theof Οικονομική Πανεπιστήμιο Λουξεμβούργου whatever other consequences rising of για land prices (and the potential relative speculation). επιχειρεί με το έργο της, has, να results δώσει also έμπνευση μια επιτυχή potential relative speculation). The term gentrification found at first inφορέων, the UK inτόσο early στα 1960sΒαλκάνια and it refers to εξωστρέφεια δημόσιων isκαι ιδιωτικών υπό The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor τις εξέλιξη τρέχουσες γεωπολιτικές όσο και αλλού, theσε then observed trend wealthy sometimes peopleκαταστάσεις, to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof αντλώντας χρήσιμα συμπεράσματα από την μελέτη της London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus oldΕλληνικής residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. οικονομικής με χώρες της Βαλκανικής κατά Ruth την being indirectlyσυνεργασίας “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist εικοσαετία -period, 2010. A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the1990 same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Παρά την οικονομική που βιώνει η Ελλάδα για μία cities in Western countries, by other κρίση Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars andέναν for itsδιεθνή more δεκαετία, η οικονομία της χώρας οφείλει να διατηρήσει Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various προσανατολισμό, λόγω της ανταγωνιστικής παγκοσμιοποιημένης comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theοποία phenomenon of gentrification, οικονομίας, στην η χώρα εξακολουθείthe ναfollowing: διαθέτει συγκριτικά interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new groups πλεονεκτήματα, τα οποία πρέπει να εκμεταλλευθεί και of ναsocial αναπτύξει to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money περαιτέρω, προωθώντας, κυρίως μέσω Οικονομικής Διπλωματίας, την and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the διείσδυση στις αγορές των residencies Βαλκανίων, όσο και centres, άλλων χωρών, 1.of The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasεντός born in sense safety atcomes the distributed outside town for better Berlin, where sheΕυρωπαϊκής made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: και εκτός της Ένωσης. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Την χρησιμότητα τουfrom εν λόγω βιβλίου για μελλοντική lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” private easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she cameτην back to London, in According 1943 sheεξωστρεφή published studies regarding city planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Ελληνική οικονομική δραστηριότητα εκ μέρους to another approach, the phenomenon is τονίζει due aκαι systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying του εκδοτικού Κέντρου Επιμόρφωσης, Μελετών, Έρευνας και her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Ανάπτυξης, ο Πρόεδρός του, Καθηγητής κ. Κωνσταντίνος ΓΕ. Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ, variety of ways, in order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Ομότιμος καθηγητής του Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Κοινωνικών και Πολιτικών Επιστημών, Πρόεδρος της Σχολής Νομικών και Κοινωνικών Επιστημών του Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος Κύπρου, Ex. Ch. L.U.L., Bruxelles, Ex. Int. I.I.A.P., Paris, Επιβλέπων Διδακτορικής Διατριβής της κυρίας Ελ. ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑ που αποτέλεσε τον πυρήνα της κρινόμενης έκδοσης. Ο προλογίζων την έκδοση Καθηγητής κ. Πλούταρχος By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ΣΑΚΕΛΛΑΡΗΣ, Καθηγητής του Οικονομικού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών και Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Επίτιμος Αντιπρόεδρος της Ευρωπαϊκής Τράπεζας Επενδύσεων By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect κινείται επίσης προς την αναφερθείσα κατεύθυνση. Student of the School of Architecture Το έργο εξετάζει τις ελληνικές οικονομικές δραστηριότητες σε Technical University of Crete Χώρες των Βαλκανίων «ολιστικά» (holisticly), και περιλαμβάνει, τόσο approach: Defining theΕλληνικό concept Κράτος με την μορφή την1. Introductory άμεση χρηματοδότηση από το 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek -philosopher, Επίσημης Αναπτυξιακής Βοήθειας ΕΑΒ - , (Official Development Aic ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the ODA -) στα πλαίσια του Εθνικού Σχεδίου Ανασυγκρότησης των among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. Βαλκανίων - ΕΣΟΑΒ -) καθώς καιthe την έμμεση «εμπλοκή» του Κράτους, acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term μέσω στήριξης της εξωστρέφειας του Ελληνικού ιδιωτικού τομέα, 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, theόσο term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 και την χρηματοδότηση από Έλληνες Υπηκόους σε Χώρες των gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Βαλκανίων, κυρίως με την μορφή Άμεσων Ξένων Επενδύσεων ΑΞΕ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of -low-income and thethis placement there of είναι artists, (Foreign Direct Investment FDIetc.-). Η γενκή προσέγγιση the operation of art galleries, restaurants, However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other(teleological consequencesapproach), has, resultsκαθώς also rising land prices theof τελεολογική έναofεύλογο και (and βασικό whatever other consequences has,να results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). ερώτημα επί του οποίου πρέπει δοθεί απάντηση αναφέρεται στην potential relative speculation). The term gentrification found at first inτης the UK in early 1960s it refers to σκοπιμότητα και την isχρησιμότητα «εμπλοκής» τουandΕλληνικού The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Κράτους σε οικονομικές δραστηριότητες τωνin Βαλκανίων, the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people toσε buyΚράτη property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves there and thus old residents areof προσφέροτας μάλιστα καιthemselves Ελληνικήsometimes κρατική there συνδρομή. προσέγγιση London, upgrade them, stay and thusΗold residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. εντάσσεται επιπρόσθετα σε ένα γενικότερο πλαίσιο αναφοράς being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth (contextual σεwhile οικονοικό, πολιτικόinwere και επίπεδο. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included theγεωγραφικό work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at theapproach), same similar recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major Στο έργο συνδιάζονται cities in Western countries, by otherθεωρητικές Researchers.προσεγγίσεις, με εμπειρικούς cities in Western countries, byτων other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and forσπουδών its more προσανατολισμούς, λόγω πολυθεματικών ακαδημαϊκών Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the της Συγγραφέως κυρίας Ελένης ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑ, καθώς και της επί various σειράν comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification,με the following: ετών επαγγελματικής της ενασχόλησης την Νοτιοανατολική interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense,ως theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Ευρώπη, Ανώτερο isΣτέλεχος της Ευρωπαϊκής Τράπεζας to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Επενδύσεων, η οποία της επιτρέπει να έχει επιτόπια γνώση και and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the προσωπική εμπειρία επίSociologist τουresidencies θέματος. 1.of The term from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety atcomes the distributed outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: Το όλο εγχείρημα μπορεί να αποτελέσει βάση περαιτέρω services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ακαδημαϊκής έρευνας εδράζεται σε she σχετική Διδακτορική lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva,καθότι Prague, London and car Neweasier York came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the Διατριβή, ηto another οποία υποστηρίχθηκε με Inεπιτυχία Πάντειο approach, the is due aστο systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Πανεπιστήμιο Κ.Π.Ε. το 2016, αλλά και πηγή στοιχείων για περαιτέρω her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofσεpart the urban web, in 10th edit.ήWil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: έρευνα πρακτική εργασία, καθότι εστιάζεται μιαof ολοκληρωμενη Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aκαι variety of ways, in order Abstract. to ανάλυση achieve the “assisted”, στοιχείων, “voluntary”, (actually διεξοδική στατιστική αξιόπιστων τα οποία

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

προέρχονται από επίσημες βάσεις δεδομένων Διεθνών, Ευρωπαϊκών και Εθνικών φορέων, των οποίων έχει γίνει χρονική εναρμόνιση, ώστε να καλύπτεται ολόκληρη η εικοσαετής υπό εξέταση περίοδος 1990 2010, ενώ παράληλα έχει γίνει εκτεταμένη γραφική επεξεργασία. Ακολουθώντας μια διεπιστημονική προσέγγιση, το βιβλίο μπορεί να αποτελέσει επιπρόσθετα σημείο αναφοράς για όσους By Mr. George-Sp.στρατηγική, C. ATHANASOPOULOS ασχολούνται με την επιχειρηματική καθώς Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, χρησιμοποιούνται γνωστές μέθοδοι όπως η ανάλυση SWOT και By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS μοντέλα όπως PEST, SWOT, VRIO, Student Mοντέλα του M. Architect Porter of the School of Architecture «ανταγωνιστικών δυνάμεων» και «αλυσίδα αξίας». Technical University of Crete Αν και ογκώδες με περίπου 500 σελίδες, τόσο η διάρθρωσή του Introductory approach:όσο Defining concept και κατανοητός λόγος, σε 1.αυτοτελή Κεφάλαια, και οthe εύγλωττος 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, καθιστούν το βιβλίο πολύ εύκολο στην συνολική ή αποσπασματική ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the χρήση ή διαγώνιας ανάγνωσης (diagonal reading), κατά περίπτωση, among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ανάγκη ή και ενδιαφέρον. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Η ροή της urban επιχειρηματολογίας γίνεται τοarea γενικότερο προς 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if από notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) (in of Planning) (or gentrification 1 το ειδικότερο, και το έργο χωρίζεται σε πέντε θεματικές ενότητες, gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various αρχίζοντας με τον προσδιορισμό του θέματος και της ερευνητικής Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, διαδικασίας, στην συνέχεια στην ανάλυση του πλαισίου, the operation ofπερνώντας art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences results alsoώστε risingνα of μην land διακόπτεται prices (and the πριν εντρυφήσει στο κυρίωςhas, θέμα, έτσι, ηof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). επιχειρηματολογία, με την εκάστοτε επεξήγηση των γενικότερων potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to συνθηκών. The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property poor Η observed πρώτη θεματική ενότητα, περιλαμβάνει ταininτρία πρώτα the then trend wealthy people to there buy property poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Κεφάλαια, τα οποία τις βάσεις για τηνthere διερεύνηση τουresidents θέματος London, upgrade them,θέτουν stay themselves sometimes and thus old are being indirectly “squeezed”. έτσι, ώστε να μην παρακωλύεται η ροή κάθε σχετικού Κεφαλαίου στην being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth συνέχεια. Σχηματοποιείται αυτά το προς διερεύνηση θέμα major από A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileσε similar recorded in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major πλευράς προσέγγισης, ερευνητικής μεθόδου, και οροθετούνται οι cities in Western countries, και by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, byκαι other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for για its more μεθοδολογικές, νομικές οικονομικές βασικές έννοιες την Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various διερεύνηση του θέματος, στα Κεφάλαια 1, 2 και 3 αντιστοίχως. comprehensive approach are being summarized from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: Η δεύτερη θεματική ενότητα, συγκροτείται από τα επόμενα interpretations the phenomenon the following: In a Κεφάλαια, sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, aηtrend of a new of social groups πέντε όπου επιχειρείται ανάλυση τουcategory γεωοικονομικού και to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money γεωπολιτικού πλαισίου, το οποίο συνέβαλε στην διαμόρφωση των and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the περιρρεουσών συνθηκών γιαresidencies την σύσταση και λειτουργία του «ειδικού 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed outside town centres, for Berlin, where sheοικονομικής made her first studies. In 1932της she published an important study entitled: καθεστώτος» «εμπλοκής» Ελλάδας στην Βαλκανική. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for Η τρίτη θεματική ενότητα αποτελείται απόto επόμενα δύο lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc. studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came back to London, where in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the Κεφάλαια, που εστιάζουν στην Ελληνική Αναπτυξιακή Βοήθεια και την to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying Ελληνική βαλκανική πολιτική. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling real estate,θεματική etc., for theCoενότητα depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. The Free Encyclopedia: Η Wil. τέταρτη και ταWIKIPEDIA: επόμενα δύο Κεφάλαια Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aαποτελούν variety of ways, in order to achieve theπρώτου “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually τον κορμό τηςAbstract. μελέτης του σκέλους της διττής 252151 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture οικονομικής «εμπλοκής»Technical στην Βαλκανική, University ofυπό Crete

φύσης της Ελληνικής την μορφή της άμεσης χρηματοδότησης από το Ελληνικό Κράτος, ως 1. Introductory approach: Defining theτο concept ΕΑΒ, και συγκεκριμένα του ΕΣΟΑΒ, οποίο αποτέλεσε το «όχημα» 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, πραγματοποίησής της, περιλαμβάνει θεωρητική ανάλυση, καθώς και ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a the εμπειρική διερεύνηση, στα πλαίσια της διττήςgreat προσέγγισης του among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. θέματος. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Η πέμπτη ενότητα, is συμπεριλαμβάνει τα τελευταία τρί 1 (and θεματική Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Κεφάλαια, τα οποία αποτελούν και τον κορμό της μελέτης του gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various δεύτερου σκέλους της διττής φύσης της Ελληνικής οικονομικής Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofυπό low-income and the placement of artists, «εμπλοκής» στην Βαλκανική, την της έμμεσης «εμπλοκής» the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc.μορφή However this “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences also rising land prices (andτου theof του Ελληνικού Κράτους, has, μέσωresults στήριξης της ofεξωστρέφειας whatever other consequences has, results land prices (and the potential relative speculation). Ελληνικού ιδιωτικού τομέα, κυρίως με also την rising μορφήofεπιδοτήσεων ΑΞΕ potential relative speculation). The termυπηκόων gentrification found atτων first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Ελλήνων σε isΧώρες Βαλκανίων. Η προσέγγιση είναι, The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor επίσης, διττή, τόο θεωρητική, όσο και εμπειρική. the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof Τέλος, στον επίλογο, η Συγγραφέας, τα old προβλήματα London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimesαναφέρει there and thus residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. που αντιμετωπίσθηκαν κατά isτην ερευνητική και being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon included in the work διαδικασία, of Sociologist Ruth παρουσιάζει περιληπτικά καιsimilar σχηματικά οι οποίες A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included τις inwere theυποθέσεις, work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major διερευνήθηκαν σε συνδυασμό με τα αντιστοιχα αποτελέσματα, σε cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more σχετικό πίνακα. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized various Η Συγγραφέας θεωρεί τα αποτελέσματα αυτήςfrom τηςthe ελληνικής comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theΒαλκάνια phenomenon the επισημαίνοντας following: «απόβασης» στα ωςofενgentrification, γένει θετικά, όμως interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups ταυτόχρονα θεσμικές και στρατηγικές αδυναμίες, οι οποίες μείωσαν to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money την αποτελεσματικότητα της Ελληνικής εξωστρεφούς οικονομικής and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the δραστηριότητας καιGLASS, οι οποίες αν Ruth ληφθούν υπόψη, 1.of The termat comes from παρελθόν, Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940. GLASS for was born in sense safety the στο distributed residencies outside town centres, search better Berlin, where she συμβάλουν made her first studies. Inεπιτυχέστερη 1932 she published an important study entitled: μπορούν να στην έκβαση μελλοντικών services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for εγχειρημάτων, τόσο του δημόσιου, όσο και του τομέα. lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New Yorkιδιωτικού she came to back to London, in According 1943Συνελόντι she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. sheto became in the ειπείν πρόκειται περίIn 1950 με teacher πλήρως to another approach, the isέργου due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying τεκμηριωμένες απόψεις, πρωτοφανή όγκο στοιχείων, ιδιάζουσας her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: πρωτότυπης σύνθεσης, ιδιαιτέρως πολύτιμου για Φοιτητές, Ερευνητές Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aκαι variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually χαράζοντες συναφείς Κρατικές Πολιτικές.

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Professor Const. GE. Κωνστ. ΓΕ. Definition, Types ofΚαθηγητής intervention, Concerns of Gentrification ATHANASOPOULOS ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Postgrad. Progr. Panteion University Μετ. Προγρ. Σπ. Παντείου Πανεπ. Concerns Κοιν. και Πολ. Επιστημών

Μετ. Προγρ. Σπ. Πανεπ. Αθηνών Postgrad. Progr. Univ. of Athens, Μετ. Προγρ. Σπ. Νομικ. Σχ. Postgrad. Progr. Law Sch. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Πανεπ. «Νεάπολις», Πάφος of “Neapolis” Univ., Pafos Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Δικηγόρος, Lawyer, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Ex Ch.L.U.L., Bruxelles, Ex Ch.L.U.L., Bruxelles, Student of the School of Architecture Ex Int. I.I.A.P., Paris Ex Int. I.I.A.P., Paris

Technical University of Crete

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

ΔΙΟΙΚΗΤΙΚΟ ΔΙΚΑΙΟ

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns ofΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΟΥ Gentrification Σαβ. Concerns

Κριτικά Σημειώματα

Επενδύσεις στην Καινοτομία, Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση και Ανάπτυξη By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Του κ. George-Sp. Κωνστ. ΓΕ.C.ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ By Mr. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of theΚοινωνικών School of Architecture Καθηγητού Σχολ. Νομικών και Επιστ. Technical University of Crete και Μεταπτ. Προγραμμάτων

Πανεπιστημίου ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, Πάφος, 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Καθηγητού Προγρ. Σπ.-Πανεπ. 1. Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC,Αθηνών, Athens), Ομοτ. Καθηγητού ΠΑΝΤΕΙΟΥ Π.Κ.Π.Ε., ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the among other wise heritage us, he established a Ex. great the Exleft Ch. L. U. L. Bruxelles, Int. I.I.A.P., Paris acquisition of knowledge startshe with the definition of the content of“principle”: concepts. acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, the term gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification Η εν therefore, λόγω έρευνα απετέλεσε αντικείμενο Διπλωματικής Εργασίας 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various της κ. Σαββούλας ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΟΥ στο πλαίσιο του Προγράμματος Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement Μεταπτυχιακών Σπουδών, (Κατεύθυνση Αστικής και Περιφερειακής ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of Ανάπτυξης, Ειδίκευση Περιφερειακού και Τοπικού Αναπτυξιακού the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Προγραμματισμού), του Τμήματος Οικονομικής και Περιφερειακής whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Ανάπτυξης του Παντείου Πανεπιστημίου Κ.Π.Ε. και αξιολογήθηκε potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refersμε to The term foundΒ.atpeople firstΔεληθέου, in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersΑ. άριστα 9,gentrification Επιτροπή: Επιβλέπουσα, the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor ofto the then observed trend people to there buy property in poor areas Παπαδασκαλόπουλος καιof Ι.wealthy Ψυχάρης, Μέλη). London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Στόχο της έρευνας αποτέλεσε αφ ενός η εξέταση σε θεωρητικό, being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work των of Sociologist Ruth εμπειρικό και πολιτικό επίπεδο της σχέσης μεταξύ επενδύσεων A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major στην καινοτομία και της while ανάπτυξης της Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης στην GLASS at the same period, similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Ελλάδα, αφ ετέρου η σκιαγράφηση της υπάρχουσας στάσης των Ο.Τ.Α. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more ως Since προςthen, τις the δυνατότητες χρηματοδότησης επενδύσεων issue has several below, scholars andthe for various itsστην more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from καινοτομία, η καταγραφή και η ιεράρχηση των ανασταλτικών comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations of the εκμετάλλευσή phenomenon thecategory following: παραγόντων τους Ελλάδα, η of εξέταση των In a sense, theστην phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trendστην of a new social groups καλών πρακτικών τρίτων Χωρών και εν τέλει η δημιουργία ενός to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time toπροτάσεων, travel from the purlieus to downtown, where place is, lack of the συνόλου εφαρμόσιμων πέρα από τη work χρονολογία ορόσημο 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for was born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, better 2020, προετοιμάζοντας την ελληνική Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση για τηνin Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, περίοδο education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) προγραμματική 20212027. Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private easier access to markets, etc. studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she cameζητημάτων back to London, where Κατά τη θεωρητική ανασκόπηση των κύριων που in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and αφορούν στην ελληνική Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση, της University informal College of London, where she continued her socialεκτός research. Herπαρουσίασης public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. των υφιστάμενων ρυθμίσεων, ανακύπτουν οι urban σημαντικές and selling realCOLLINS estate,νομοθετικών etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: προκλήσεις, που καλούνται να αντιμετωπίσουν οι ελληνικοί Ο.Τ.Α., οι G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

οποίες εκτείνονται πέρα από την τρέχουσα οικονομική περίοδο και αφορούν στα ζητήματα απομόνωσης και προσπελασιμότητας, λόγω της ελληνικής γεωμορφολογίας, τα οποία πιθανόν να οδηγήσουν σε αναπτυξιακή υστέρηση. Αυτή η υστέρηση, υποστηρίζεται πως δύναται να αντιμετωπισθεί μέσα από την προώθηση της καινοτομίας και των επενδύσεων στην καινοτομία, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τη θετική σχέση By Mr.και George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS μεταξύ επενδύσεων στην καινοτομία της οικονομικής ευημερίας, η Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, οποία παρατηρείται τόσο σε τοπικό όσο και σε εθνικό επίπεδο. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Παράλληλα, παρουσιάζονται οι εν ισχύει εθνικές και ευρωπαϊκές Student of the School of Architecture στρατηγικές, καθώς και τα χρηματοδοτικάTechnical εργαλεία, για of την University Crete υποστήριξη δράσεων και έργων προς αυτήν την κατεύθυνση. 1. Introductory approach: Defining the Εν συνεχεία, αναπτύσσεται τοconcept πρώτο μέρος της έρευνας με 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, παρουσίαση των στοιχείων απορροφητικότητας για το ΕΣΠΑ 2007ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a the 2013 και το ΕΣΠΑ 2014-2020, ενώ παρουσιάζονταιgreat τα συμπεράσματα among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. της πρωτοβάθμιας έρευνας, η οποία διεξήχθηofμέσω ερωτηματολογίων acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if not final, approach, the term σε Based, αιρετούς και urban στελέχη της Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης. Στόχος 1 (and therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, theτου term gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 παρόντος μέρους είναι η παρουσίαση των τάσεων και των αντιλήψεων gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various τις Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης ως προς τις διαθέσιμες πηγές. Τα Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually ofα) low-income andτα thethis placement there of artists, ερευνητικά ερωτήματα είναι: Ποια επίπεδα απορρόφησης the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. είναι However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results Προγράμματα also rising of land (and the πόρων από τρέχοντα και παρελθόντα πουprices δύνανται ναof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, με results also rising of land β) prices the potential relative χρηματοδοτήσουν μια επένδυση καινοτόμα στοιχεία; Ποια(and είναι potential relative speculation). term gentrification found at firstτων in theΣτελεχών UK in early 1960s it refersσε to τα The επίπεδα γνώσης και isεξοικείωσης και τωνand Αιρετών The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor έναν Ο.Τ.Α. α’ βαθμού ως wealthy προς τις χρηματοδοτικές ευκαιρίες και τα the then observed trend people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof διαθέσιμα προγράμματα; γ) Σε ποιους τομείς είναι London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thusαναγκαίες old residentsοι are being indirectly “squeezed”. επενδύσεις σε έναν ελληνικό Α’ βάθμιο Ο.Τ.Α.; δ) Ποια είναι τα εμπόδια being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth πουAαντιμετωπίζει ένας Ο.Τ.Α. Α’is situations βαθμού των description ofperiod, this phenomenon included inγια theτην workαξιοποίηση of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar were recorded in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major διαθέσιμων πηγών χρηματοδότησης; cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has scholars for itsστάση more Τα κυριότερα συμπεράσματα τηςseveral έρευνας είναι ηand θετική Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various των ερωτηθέντων απέναντι στις διαθέσιμες πηγές χρηματοδότησης, comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of theεξοικείωση phenomenonτους of gentrification, the η following: παρά την μέτρια με αυτές και εξέχουσα θέση του interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new social groups Εταιρικού Συμφώνου για το Πλαίσιο της Ανάπτυξης of (ΕΣΠΑ) στην to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ανάπτυξη των ελληνικών Ο.Τ.Α. and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Ένα εκatcomes τωνdistributed σημαντικότερων συμπερασμάτων της έρευνας, The term from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense1.of safety the residencies outside town centres, for Berlin, where sheηmade her first studies. In 1932των she published an important study entitled: ωστόσο, είναι πρόκριση του κλάδου υποδομών σε σχέση με τους services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for υπόλοιπους κλάδους, όπως ηfrom επιχειρηματικότητα καιto το ανθρώπινο lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came back to London, in According 1943 she ως published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. Inστους 1950 she teacher in the δυναμικό, που χρήζειthe επενδύσεων ελληνικούς Ο.Τ.Α., toτομέας another approach, is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying παρά την μεγάλη απορρόφηση πόρων κατά τις προηγούμενες her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: προγραμματικές περιόδους για τιςLondon υποδομές, η οποία αποτελεί ένδειξη Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aαφ variety of ways, in order toαναποτελεσματικής achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually ενός της ελλειπούς και υλοποίησης των έργων

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αυτών και, αφ ετέρου της επικρατούσας νοοτροπίας ως προς τις επενδύσεις στην Ελλάδα, η οποία τείνει να αναγνωρίζει περισσότερο τα μεγάλα αναπτυξιακά έργα υποδομών ως μοχλούς οικονομικής ανάπτυξης και η οποία χρήζει περαιτέρω μελέτης. Τέλος, ως σημαντικότεροι ανασταλτικοί παράγοντες αναγνωρίζονται η γραφειοκρατία, η έλλειψη τεχνογνωσίας και η By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS έλλειψη πολιτικής βούλησης. Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Ως περιπτώσεις μελέτης επιλέχθηκαν οι Δήμοι Λισαβόνας, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Βαρκελώνης και Πειραιά, όπου η ανάλυση στοχεύει να επιδείξει τα Student of the School of Architecture κοινά στοιχεία και τις καλές πρακτικές που έχουν υιοθετήσει οι of τρείς Technical University Crete αυτοί Ο.Τ.Α. με σκοπό την κατανόηση των σύγχρονων τάσεων στην 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept πολιτική και την εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων και προτάσεων που 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient philosopher, δύνανται να υλοποιηθούν στοGreek ελληνικό πλαίσιο. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Παρατηρείται μια κοινή κατεύθυνση των (444 στρατηγικών των υπό among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. εξέταση Ο.Τ.Α., οι οποίες συμβαδίζουν μεthe τους στόχους της acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term στρατηγικής «Ευρώπη 2020». Η σύγκλιση αυτή, από τα προφανή 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notπέρα final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 οφέλη της, όπως τη διευκόλυνση της συνεργασίας και της gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, ofανταλλαγής Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various καλών πρακτικών, είναι δυνάμει αρνητική για τους Ο.Τ.Α., καθώς Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, ενισχύεται οofανταγωνισμός για χρηματοδότηση σχεδίων, με κοινούς the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever στόχους. other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land (and the potential relative speculation). Είναι, επομένως, επιτακτική ανάγκη, η καινοτομία ναprices συνδυαστεί potential relative speculation). gentrificationπου is found at first inσε the πολλά UK in early and itεξέταση refers to με The τηνterm εξωστρέφεια απαιτείται από1960s τα υπό The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor προγράμματα στην παρούσα έρευνα, γιαbuyτηproperty δημιουργία κοινών the then observed trend wealthy people to in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof δικτύων, είτε στη φυσικών χαρακτηριστικών, (Δίκτυο της London, upgrade them,βάση stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Μεσογείου, Δίκτυο της Βαλκανικής Χερσονήσου), είτε στη βάση being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ποιοτικών χαρακτηριστικών για τηinwere δια καιmajor την A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included theβίου work μάθηση of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while (Δίκτυο similar recorded in other GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major ενεργό γήρανση, Δίκτυο ενσωμάτωση των γυναικών στους cities in Western countries, by για otherτην Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more κλάδους STEAM κ.ά.). Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the Σημαντική είναι η διαφορά, ωστόσο, ως προς την εκμετάλλευση comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: πόρων της ofΕ.Τ.Επ. και των προγραμμάτων στο πλαίσιο της interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of socialΤοπική groups Ευρωπαϊκής Εδαφικής Συνεργασίας, όπου η ελληνική to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Αυτοδιοίκηση, θα μπορούσε να υιοθετήσει καλές πρακτικές και and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the τεχνογνωσία για να την GLASS, παρουσία ιδιαίτερα σεbetter ό,τιin 1.of The termat comes fromενισχύσει Sociologist Ruth 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for was born sense safety the distributed residencies outside townτης, centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: αφορά την αναπαλαίωση και επανάχρηση κτιρίων και χώρων στον services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for αστικό ιστό. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. sheto became teacher in the Τέλος, οι another συστάδες επιχειρήσεων και ηIn 1950 παρουσία και to approach, the is due a κοιτίδων systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying πάρκων καινοτομίας παρουσιάζεται και στους τρεις υπό εξέταση Ο.Τ.Α. her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. The Free Encyclopedia: ως σημαντικός παράγοντας ανάπτυξης και WIKIPEDIA: προσέλκυσης εργατικού Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aδυναμικού variety of και ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually επενδύσεων. 252157 11

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Η εργασία καταλήγει σε προτάσεις για τη στήριξη των Ο.Τ.Α. στην υλοποίηση έργων που αφορούν την ανάπτυξή τους και για την επανάκτηση της εμπιστοσύνης στην πληθώρα εργαλείων που έχουν για να το επιτύχουν. Είναι βαρύνουσας σημασίας η αναβάθμιση της διαχειριστικής ικανότητας των Ο.Τ.Α. α’ βαθμού και η μείωση της γραφειοκρατίας ως By Mr. C. ATHANASOPOULOS προς τη διαχείριση επενδύσεων καιGeorge-Sp. χρηματοδοτήσεων. Αυτό θα Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, μπορούσε να επιτευχθεί μέσα από την απλοποίηση της διαδικασίας By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect απασχόλησης προσωπικού μέσω βραχυχρόνιων συμβάσεων και Student of the School of Architecture ανοιχτών προσκλήσεων εκδήλωσης ενδιαφέροντος, επιτρέποντας Technical University of Crete στους Ο.Τ.Α. να λειτουργήσουν με μεγαλύτερη αυτονομία στη 1. Introductory στελέχωσή τους. approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek να philosopher, Οι ίδιοι οι Ο.Τ.Α., μπορούν εκμεταλλευτούν σε μεγαλύτερο ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the βαθμό την ευελιξία, που τους χαρίζουν οι επιχειρήσεις τους, among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with of the content concepts. ξεπερνώντας τη δυσπιστία που δημιουργηθεί απέναντι στη χρήση acquisition of knowledge starts withέχει theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term τους, εξαιτίας πρακτικών προηγούμενων δεκαετιών. 1 (and Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 Είναι, επίσης, σημαντική η εντατικοποίηση gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in theτης areaπροσπάθειας of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal from this, (in various προώθησης της διαβούλευσης στον αναπτυξιακό σχεδιασμό των Ο.Τ.Α. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there artists, για τη δημιουργία μακροπρόθεσμης στρατηγικής, πέρα από τη of θητεία the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever otherδημοτικής consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof της εκάστοτε αρχής. whatever other consequences has,Ένωση results Γενικών also risingΓραμματέων of land pricesΤοπικής (and the potential relative speculation). Η ΚΕΔΕ και η Πανελλήνια potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is foundκαθώς at first inκαι the τα UKΑΕΙ, in early 1960s and refers to Αυτοδιοίκησης «Κλεισθένης», δύνανται ναit λάβουν The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor πρωτοβουλίες για την καλύτερη ενημέρωση Ο.Τ.Α. ιδιαίτερα σε ό,τιof the then observed trend wealthy people to των buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are αφορά τα κεντρικά καιthemselves ανταγωνιστικά Ευρωπαϊκά Προγράμματα, London, upgrade them, stay sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. παρέχοντας το “squeezed”. δίκτυο και την τεχνογνωσία. being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth Τέλος, η μεγαλύτερη οικονομική αυτοτέλεια των of Ο.Τ.Α., δύναται A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major να ενεργοποιήσει τις τοπικές cities in Western countries, by other αναπτυξιακές Researchers. δυνάμεις κάθε περιοχής, cities in Western countries, byτη other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more ενισχύοντας, παράλληλα συμμετοχή της Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the στις τοπικές επενδύσεις. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Σε μια ofπερίοδο εύθραυστών κοινωνικών ισορροπιών και interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense,δημοσιονομικής theof phenomenon isπίεσης, dueof togentrification, aη trend of a new of social groups συνθηκών ελληνική Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση, to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money εκμεταλλευόμενη όλο το φάσμα διαθέσιμων εργαλείων σε εθνικό και and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the ευρωπαϊκό ναRuth προσφέρει βιώσιμες λύσεις γιαbetter τηνin 1.of The termεπίπεδο, fromμπορεί Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for was born sense safety atcomes the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first από studies. In 1932 sheτης published an important study entitled: ελληνική οικονομία, μέσα τη στήριξη επιχειρηματικότητας, την services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for εκπαίδευση των κατοίκων της, την ολοκλήρωση σημαντικών έργων lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access to markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher in the υποδομών και, κυρίως, μέσα από την προώθηση συνεργασιών τόσο to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying στο εσωτερικό, όσο και στο εξωτερικό, ενσωματώνοντας τις νέες her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially ofστην part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: τεχνολογίες και τις etc., καινοτόμες καλές πρακτικές καθημερινότητα Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aτων variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually κατοίκων τους.

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Η πληροφόρηση του GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofεφαρμοστέου Intervention, αλλοδαπού δικαίου από το κυπριακό σε αντιδιαστολή Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification με το ελληνικό δικαστήριο Concerns

Του κ. Ορέστη Ν. ΨΑΛΛΙΔΑ, LL.B, B.B.A, M.Sc, M.P.A, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Νομικού, Διεθνολόγου, Harvard University, Graduate School ofΟικονομολόγου Design, Student, και By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Student of the School of Architecture Της κυρίας Αικατερίνης Π. ΤΟΥΜΠΑΝΟΥ, Technical University of Crete LL.B., Δικηγόρου Παρ’ Εφέταις

1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept την εξέταση αποφάσεων κυπριακών και ελληνικών Δικαστηρίων 1. Από Introductory approach: the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), σε υποθέσεις που εμπεριέχουν στοιχεία αλλοδαπότητας, παρατηρούμε ότι τα ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the δύο Δικαστήρια ακολουθούν διαφορετικές λύσεις το καθένα σχετικά με among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. την πληροφόρηση του onεφαρμοστέου αλλοδαπού δικαίου καιof concepts. αυτό acquisition of knowledge starts with the the content Based, therefore, this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the διότι term αντιμετωπίζουν την δικονομική μεταχείριση του the «ξένου 1 (andδιαφορετικά Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, term urban gentrification) is the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 δικαίου», καθόσον στο μεν κυπριακό, το ξένο δίκαιο αντιμετωπίζεται ως gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various πραγματικό γεγονός, ενώ στο ελληνικό όχι, και ειδικότερα: Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, Σύμφωνα μεgalleries, τα usually οριζόμενα στο 337 ΚΠολΔ, there το ελληνικό ways), of social groups, of low-income and the placement of artists, the operation of art restaurants, etc.άρθρο However this “change”, regardless of δικαστήριο λαμβάνει υπόψη αυτεπαγγέλτως ακόμα και χωρίς απόδειξη τοof the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and-the δίκαιο που ισχύειspeculation). σε αλλοδαπή πολιτεία καιalso εάν rising δεν τοofγνωρίζει, δύναται whatever other consequences has, results land prices (andνα the potential relative potential relative speculation). διατάξει απόδειξη αλλά is και να at χρησιμοποιήσει οποιοδήποτε «πρόσφορο» The term gentrification found first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UKαποδείξεις, in early 1960s and itareas refersofto μέσοthen κρίνει κατάλληλο χωρίς να περιορίζεται που προσάγουν the observed trend ofiswealthy toστις buy property in poor then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas οιthe διάδικοι. London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus old residents are Η λύση αυτή ακολουθεί το αξίωμα ότι there οι κανόνες δικαίου είναι being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. ανεπίδεκτοι αποδείξεως συμπορευόμενη έτσι με την ιδέα της ανεξαρτησίας A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth του AΔικαστή, ο οποίος εξαρτάται από τους διαδίκους μόνο ωςother προςmajor την GLASS at the same while similar in GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major απόδειξη των countries, πραγματικών γεγονότων. Η υποχρέωση αυτεπάγγελτης cities in Western by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, issue has scholars and for its more εφαρμογής τουthe ξένου δικαίου σημαίνει, ότιseveral ο δικαστής λαμβάνει υπόψη του Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive being summarized below, from the και εφαρμόζει τοapproach αλλοδαπό are δίκαιο ex officio και χωρίς απόδειξη, όπως δηλαδή comprehensive approach are being summarized from various interpretations the phenomenon of είτε gentrification, thebelow, following: ενεργεί και γιαofτο εγχώριο δίκαιο, τυχαίνει να γνωρίζει τον the αλλοδαπό interpretations the phenomenon of thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is due togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups κανόνα δικαίου, είτε μπορεί να επιτύχει με κάποιον τρόπο την γνώση του. to “return” to the city, leaving for several reasons: highκαμία costs in money Έτσι γίνεται αντιληπτό, ότι the για purlieus τον Έλληνα Δικαστή δεν έχει σημασία and time οι to travel fromπροτείνουν the purlieus to where work placeκαθόσον is, lack of δεν the το εάν διάδικοι ή downtown, όχι το αλλοδαπό δίκαιο 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, δεσμεύεται καθόλου από την επίκληση αυτή. Αντίθετα, ο ίδιος έχει το βάρος Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heartδικαίου of the city”, (possibly) να ερευνήσει τόσο ποιες διατάξεις του αλλοδαπού θα movements πρέπει ναfor Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, London andπου New York she came back London, εφαρμοστούν και εάν έχουνPrague, το περιεχόμενο ενδεχόμενα τουςtoπροσδίδουν 1943 she published regarding cityphenomenon In 1950 sheto became teacher in the According to another the is due aνα systematic and οιin διάδικοι, όσο και studies το approach, ενδεχόμενο τοplanning. εφαρμοστέο δίκαιο είναι άλλο, University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying δηλαδή τρίτο δίκαιο.by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. her workένα are characterized and selling real estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Για τηνCOLLINS απόδειξη του αλλοδαπού δικαίου ακολουθείται η Encyclopedia: ελεύθερη Gentrification: G. ALEXANDRI: Abstract. http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm aαπόδειξη, variety ofδηλαδή, ways, inδεν order to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, υπάρχει περιορισμός στα αποδεικτικά μέσα(actually και δεν

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

ακολουθούνται κανόνες. Όσον αφορά δε τα πρόσφορα μέσα από τα οποία ο δικαστής μπορεί να αντλήσει την γνώση του ξένου δικαίου, αυτά μπορεί να είναι είτε τα συνηθισμένα μέσα δικονομικής απόδειξης είτε άλλα ειδικά μέσα απόδειξης. Ωστόσο, στην Ελλάδα, ιδιαίτερη σημασία έχουν οι νομικές πληροφορίες που παρέχονται από το Ελληνικό Ινστιτούτο Διεθνούς και Αλλοδαπού Δικαίου, οι οποίες χρησιμοποιούνται για τη γνώση του αλλοδαπού δικαίου από Δικαστές, Δικηγόρους και Δημόσιες Αρχές. Στην By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS περίπτωση δε που η προσπάθεια του Δικαστή για γνώση του αλλοδαπού Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, δικαίου αποβεί άκαρπη τότε έχει δυνατότητα να ζητήσει τη συνδρομή των By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect διαδίκων διατάσσοντας απόδειξη η οποία, μάλιστα, μπορεί να γίνει σε κάθε Student of the School of Architecture στάση της δίκης μέχρι και το τέλος της. Στην περίπτωση δε που δεν καταστεί Technical University of Crete δυνατή η γνώση του εφαρμοστέου αλλοδαπού δικαίου με δεδομένο, ότι 1. Introductory Defining the concept απαγορεύεται η approach: αρνησιδικία, σύμφωνα με την κρατούσα πρακτική θα 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), εφαρμοστεί εξ ανάγκης lex fori. ANTISTHENIS, the η ancient Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, theκυπριακή ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseστην heritage he left us, he established a great the Περαιτέρω, έννομη τάξη, σύμφωνα με τα αναφερόμενα among other wise heritage leftthe us, he established aαλλοδαπό greatof“principle”: the acquisition of knowledge startshe with definition of the concepts. στις αποφάσεις των κυπριακών Δικαστηρίων, το content δίκαιο, σε acquisition of knowledge starts with thein definition the content of concepts. Based, με therefore, on this “principle” a first,τάξη, if of not final, approach, the term αντίθεση ό,τι ισχύει στην ελληνική έννομη εμπίπτει στην έννοια του 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is area ofθα Planning) (or gentrification πράγματος, γεγονός που έχει ως συνέπεια - εκτός του ότι πρέπει να 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various αναφέρεται από τους διαδίκους στα δικόγραφα - θα πρέπει και να Sociology as well), the “refining” ofκαι a city area, removal fromthere this, (inartists, various ways), ofΠεριφέρειες social groups, usually of ως low-income andthe the placement of αποδεικνύεται απόasτους το πραγματικό γεγονός. Μάλιστα, ως / ίδιους Κοινότητες, τρεις, Ολλανδόφωνη, (βορράς), ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, of προς το μέσοofαπόδειξης υπάρχει περιορισμός, καθόσον για αυτήνregardless απαιτείται Γαλλόφωνη (νότος), Γερμανόφωνη (πληθυσμός κάτω των 100.000 the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the μόνο η μαρτυρία, σε περίπτωση δε απουσίας αντίθετης μαρτυρίαςof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative ατόμων). τεκμαίρεται ότι το αλλοδαπό δίκαιο είναι το ίδιο με το κυπριακό. Συνεπώς το potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to κυπριακό Δικαστήριο αντιμετωπίζει την πληροφόρηση του ξένου δικαίου Επαρχίες, δέκα. The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor εντελώς διαφορετικά από το ελληνικό, δεσμευόμενο και από το γεγονός της the then observed trend wealthy peopleΒρυξελλών to there buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes thus old residents Δήμοι Κοινότητες, 589: Περιοχή Βαλλωνία επίκλησης ή μη/ του αλλοδαπού δικαίου, αλλά και απόand την19, απόδειξή του 262, ή are μη London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. από την πλευρά των διαδίκων οι οποίοι, στην περίπτωση αυτή, έχουν το Φλάνδρα 308. “squeezed”. being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth βάρος αυτό. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations includedγια inwere theπολυβάθμια work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major Υπό τεχνική άποψη πρόκειται Τοπική GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Βιβλιογραφία : Αυτοδιοίκηση μεcountries, Περιφέρειες, Επαρχίες και Δήμους. cities in Western bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, Διεθνές the issue has several scholars and for its more Ιδιωτικό Δίκαιο, Α. Γραμματικάκη-Αλεξίου, Ζ. Παπασιώπη-Πασιά, Ε. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its από more Βασιλακάκης, εκδόσεις Σάκκουλα, 2012. Οι Περιφέρειες ασκούν αρμοδιότητες κατά παραχώρηση comprehensive approach areΑθήνα-Θεσσαλονίκη, being summarized below, from comprehensive approach being summarized from the2001 various Ιδιωτικό Διεθνές Δίκαιο, Β΄are Εκδοση, Σπυρίδων Βρέλλης, εκδ. Σάκκουλα, interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thebelow, following: την Κεντρική Κυβέρνηση και αρμοδιότητες αποκλειστικές interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Ελληνική Νομολογία: εκχωρούμενες σε αυτές δια νόμου. to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for severalΔΣΑ, reasons: high costs2012, in money ΑΠ 131/2012, ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ ΝΟΜΙΚΩΝ ΠΛΗΡΟΦΟΡΙΩΝ ΝΟΜΙΚΟ ΒΗΜΑ, τόμος 60, σελ. 2012, ΑΠ 1487/2013, ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ ΝΟΜ.ΠΛΗΡ. ΔΣΑ,ΝΟΜΙΚΟ ΒΗΜΑ, Ετος: 2014, Τόμος: and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Μεταξύ των ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ αρμοδιοτήτων ενΝΟΜΙΚΟ γένειΒΗΜΑ, των Περιφερειών 62, Σελ.: 350, ΑΠ at 581/2010, ΝΟΜ.Ruth ΠΛΗΡ. ΔΣΑ, Τόμος: 58, Έτος: 2010,in 1.of The term comes from Sociologist GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter born sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for Σελ.: 2063, ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡ. ΕΜΠΟΡ. ΔΙΚΑΙΟΥ, ΞΒIn2011, σελ. published 142, ΑΠ 881/2011, ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ ΝΟΜ. Berlin, where she made her first studies. 1932 she an important study entitled: περιλαμβάνονται θέματα ποιότητας ζωής, περιβάλλοντος, χωροταξίας, services of health, education, entertainment “atΣελ.: the heart of the city”, (possibly) ΠΛΗΡΟΦ. ΔΣΑ, ΝΟΜΙΚΟ ΒΗΜΑ, Ετος: 2010, 58, 2486, ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡ. ΕΜΠΟΡ. ΔΙΚΑΙΟΥ, Youth Unemployment. The same year she Τόμος: left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access to markets, 2011, ΞΒ, 350,research ΑΠ 2113/2009, ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ ΝΟΜ. ΠΛΗΡ. ΔΣΑ,easier ΝΟΜΙΚΟ ΒΗΜΑ, Ετος: 2010,etc. Τόμος: studies and Geneva, Prague, London and car New York she came back toεποπτείας London, where ενέργειας, βιομηχανικής πολιτικής, μεταφορών, διοικητικής 58, Σελ.: Πολ.Πρ. Θεσ 1357/1990, Αρμ. 1990.769, ΝοΒ 1990.1436, ΑΠ in According 1943 1223, she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.ΑΠ In 825/1989, 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and 1326/1992, ΕλλΔνη 1994.371 University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and επί των επαρχιών και Δήμων κ.ά. groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying long-term informal effort by organized Κυπριακή Νομολογίαby (πηγή :www.cylaw.org): (1993) Α.Α.Δ 877ENGLISH F/V 0758 ZOLOTETS her work are characterized a passion for justice. See also:1COLLINS DICTIONARY. and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in ΚΑΙ ΑΛΛΟΙ NTTS OV MNPO “DALVENT”, (1992) 1 Α.Α.Δ. 309 WILLIAMS AND GLYN’S BANK, 10th edit. V. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: ΚΑΙ ΑΛΛΟΣ, V. ΤΟΥ ΠΛΟΙΟΥ “MARIA” G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

Συνεχίζεται…

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, KENTPO EPEYNA™ Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification ¶EPIºEPEIAKH™ ANA¶TY•H™ «IÂÚÒÓ˘ÌÔ˜ ¢. ¶INTO™ Concerns Î·È AÓ·ÛÙ·Û›· IÂÚ. ¶INTOY»

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS University, Graduate Aνάπτυ�ης, School of Design, Student, Mε σκ�π� την πρ�ώθησηHarvard της Iδέας της Περι�ερειακής (Oικ�ν�µικής, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect K�ινωνικής και Π�λιτιστικής), έ�ει συσταθεί σήµερα στην Aθήνα απ� Oµάδα KαθηγηStudent of the School of Architecture τών Πανεπιστηµίων και Eιδικών Eπιστηµ�νων τ� Kέντρ� Έρευνας Περι�ερειακής AνάTechnical University of Crete πτυ�ης «Iερώνυµ�ς ∆. ΠINTOΣ και Aναστασία Iερων. ΠINTOY» (αστ. µη κερδ�σκ. εταιρ.), ως �υσιαστικ�ς διάδ��ς,Defining (κατ’ επιθυµία της αειµνήστ�υ Aναστασίας Iερων. 1. Introductory approach: the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept ΠINTOY), τ�υ Kέντρ�υ Έρευνας Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης ∆. ΠINTOΣ, συANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, (444 Iερών. BC - 370 BC, Athens), σταθέντ�ς εν Aθήναις την 28η Aυγ�ύστ�υ 1986. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the O εκ των Πρωτ�π�ρων της Iδέας τηςthe Περι�ερειακής Kαθηγητής Πανεamong other wise heritage he left us,definition he established a great the acquisition of knowledge starts with ofAνάπτυ�ης the content of“principle”: concepts. πιστηµίων Iερώνυµ�ς ∆. ΠINTOΣ απε�ίωσε την 5/8/1981, η δε διακριθείσα διά τ� acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, theπ�λυterm 1 (and σ�ιδές κ�ινωνικ�, �ιλανθρωπικ� και π�λιτιστικ� τ�υ Aναστασία Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated aέργ� first,της if Σύ�υγ�ς notthe final, approach, theαπεterm urban gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or �ίωσε την 14/4/2009. gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, removal from this, (inartists, various Mετα�ύ των σκ�πών τ�υ Kέντρ�υ συγκαταλέγ�νται �ι ε�ής, εντ�ς πνεύµατ�ς ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theκαι placement there of ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, πάντ�τε παραγωγής έργ�υ επ’ αγαθώ της Eπιστήµης και της K�ινωνίας: the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless H συµ��λή στηνconsequences πρ�αγωγή της Eπιστήµης και also της Iδέας τηςof Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυwhatever other has, results rising land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also rising ofAνάπτυ�ης land prices (and the �ης εν γένει,relative δι’ �ί�υspeculation). δήπ�τε ν�µίµ�υ τρ�π�υ, της Περι�ερειακής ν��υµένης potential potential relative speculation). ως Oικ�ν�µικής, K�ινωνικής, Π�λιτιστικής. The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first inκαι the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the observed trend ofiswealthy toσυνα�ών buy property in και poor H then µελέτη σ�έσεων Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης ∆ράσεων Π�λιτικών. the then observed trend wealthy peopleστην to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stayενof themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof H συµ��λή των Iδιωτικών γένει Eπενδύσεων υπ�στήρι�η στρατηγικών, π�λιLondon, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. τικών και µέτρων «παραγωγής» Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης. being indirectly “squeezed”. description of thisηphenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth HAεκπ�νηση Mελετών, διενέργεια Eρευνών, η �ργάνωση Συνεδρίων, Hµερίδων, ΣεA description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major µιναρίων, ∆ιαλέ�εων επί θεµάτων Περι�ερειακής Aνάπτυ�ης. GLASS atMελετών, the same period, similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile other Researchers. H έκδ�ση Eρευνών, Περι�δικών, Eντύπων εν γένει, η παραγωγή σ�ετικ�ύ cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more ραδι��ωνικ�ύ καιthe τηλε�πτικ�ύ υλικ�ύ. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from H ��ρήγηση υπ�τρ��ιών, η �ρά�ευση εργασιών Tρίτων και η έκδ�σή τ�υς. various comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of gentrification, the following: H συνεργασία of µεthe �ί�νphenomenon δήπ�τε, ανε�αρτήτως ν�µικής µ�ρ�ής, επιδιώκ�ντα παρεµ�εinterpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: a sense,εντ�ς theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ρείς In σκ�π�ύς, και εκτ�ς Eλλάδ�ς. to H “return” to theµε city, leaving the purlieus�πως for several reasons:Eυρωπαϊκή high costs in money συνεργασία ∆ιεθνή M�ρ�ώµατα, (ενδεικτικώς) Ένωση, and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Oργανισµ�ς Oικ�ν�µικής Συνεργασίας και Aνάπτυ�ης κ.ά. 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, H παρ��ή επίfirst θεµάτων Aνάπτυ�ης πρ�ς �ί�ν δήπ�τε Berlin, whereυπηρεσιών she made her studies.Περι�ερειακής In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany after continuous Eνδια�ερ�µεν�, �άσει ειδικών συµ�ωνιών, µερίµνει τ�υand ∆ι�ικητικ�ύ Συµ��υλί�υ του της εlower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access to markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came back to London, ταιρείας κ.ά. κέντρου κ.ά in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ∆ιεύθυνση: Ίµ�ρ�υ 6, 112 57 Aθήναι, τηλ.: 2108647120, 6944626140, fax:public 2108658868. University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion justice. See also: Aθήναι,for 5 Aυγ�ύστ�υ 2009COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: O Eπιστηµ�νικ�ς Yπεύθυν�ς τ�υ Kέντρ�υ G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually Kαθηγητής Kωνσταντίν�ς ΓE. AΘANAΣOΠOYΛOΣ 252161 11 10 24

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Εκδότης Θάνοςetc., Κ. and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Σαρανταπόρου 17, 11144 Πατήσια, Αθήνα, Τηλ.: 6977 370 671 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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Η ηθική της επικοινωνίας τον Habermas GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofκατά Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Της Δρος Στ. ΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΥ* Concerns ΠΡΟΛΟΓΙΚΟ ΣΗΜΕΙΩΜΑ

Ο Jurgen Habermas είναι ένας σύγχρονος, παγκόσμιας φήμης By Mr. George-Sp. C.θεωρία ATHANASOPOULOS φιλόσοφος, ο οποίος κατέστη ιδιαίτερα γνωστός για τη που ανέπτυξε Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, αναφορικά με την επικοινωνιακή δράση (communicative action), στην οποία By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect οι φορείς της κοινωνίας, προκειμένου να ενσαρκώσουν τους στόχους τους, Student of the School of Architecture επιδιώκουν την επίτευξη συναντίληψης και συντονισμού των δράσεων τους, Technical University of Crete μέσα από τη χρήση αιτιολογημένης επιχειρηματολογίας, συναίνεσης, και συνεργασίας και όχι κατ’ ανάγκη στρατηγικής δράσης (Habermas, 1984). 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Δεν είναι ωστόσο μόνο η γενική του φήμη που(444 καθιστά τονBC, Hambermas ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 Athens), σχετικό με το κοινωνικό κεφάλαιο. Υπάρχουν και άλλοι λόγοι, όπως το ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the γεγονός ότι πολλοί γεωγράφοι, κοινωνιολόγοι, και θεωρητικοί among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the προγραμματισμού επηρεάστηκαν σημαντικά από τις ιδέες του (Bolton, 2005). acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 έργο Based,το therefore, onεπικεντρώθηκε this “principle” is in a first, if (in not final, approach, the term Επιπλέον, του στα θεμέλια της κοινωνικής θεωρίας (and urban gentrification) indicated the area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification και της επιστημολογίας, στην ανάλυση καπιταλιστικών Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a cityτων area,αναπτυγμένων the removal from this, (in various Sociology asκαι well), the “refining” ofτης a city area, removal fromthere this, of (in various κοινωνιών τηςas δημοκρατίας, έννοιας της νομιμοποίησης σε ένα ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe the placement artists, ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, κριτικό κοινωνικό-εξελικτικό πλαίσιο, και της σύγχρονης πολιτικής the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless— of the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However regardless ιδιαίτερα της γερμανικής πολιτικής. whatever other has, results risingthis of “change”, land prices (and theof whatever other consequences has, results also land prices the Αυτό ωστόσο που ενδιαφέρει ιδιαίτερα τοrising παρόνofπόνημα είναι(and ότι το potential relative speculation). potential relative speculation). The termσύστημα gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refersτης to θεωρητικό του Hambermas είναι αφιερωμένο στην αποκάλυψη The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople firstχειραφέτησης, in the UK in early and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor δυνατότητας του λόγου, της πολιτικής και 1960s της λανθάνουσας the then observed trend wealthy people to there buy property in αλλά poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes and thus old residents areof ορθολογικής-κριτικής επικοινωνίας στους σύγχρονους θεσμούς, και της London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. ανθρώπινης ικανότητας να εκπληρώνει και να επιδιώκει ορθολογικά being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon ενδιαφέροντα (Kutchinsky, 2014). is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth AΣτην description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same whileαφού similar inετυμολογική other major παρούσα εργασία, γίνει μια εννοιολογική και GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. προσέγγιση των όρων «Ηθική» και «Επικοινωνία», παρουσιάζονται και cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several andεπικοινωνίας. for its more αναλύονται οι θεωρίες του Habermas ως προς τηνscholars ηθική της Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from Πιο συγκεκριμένα, παρουσιάζονται οι απόψεις του ως προς τις αρχές που comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, the following: πρέπει να διέπουν την επικοινωνίαofκαι το διάλογο τόσο σε διαπροσωπικό όσο interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: a sense, theof phenomenon dueof togentrification, a trend of a new social groups καιInσε μαζικό επίπεδο, ενώisιδιαίτερα έμφαση δίνεται στιςofθεωρίες του to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Habermas για την ηθική του κοινωνικού διαλόγου. Θεωρίες, οι οποίες and time to τους travelστόχους from theγια purlieus to downtown, where work placeδιατηρώντας is, lack of the προωθούν την απελευθέρωση του ανθρώπου, 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, ένα αποκλειστικά οικουμενικό ηθικόInπλαίσιο. Berlin, where she made her first studies. 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier YorkΠΡΟΣΕΓΓΙΣΗ she came to back to London, ΚΑΙ ΕΤΥΜΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΕΝΝΟΙΟΛΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and ΗΘΙΚΗ University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying her work are characterized a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS π.Χ. στον Ο όρος «ηθική» by συναντάται για πρώτη φορά τονENGLISH 4ο αι. DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: Αριστοτέλη (Ρητορ. 1391b.20-21), και η αρχική του σημασία ήταν: «σχετική G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually με τα ήθη, δηλαδή τους τρόπους, το χαρακτήρα και τη διαγωγή». Η σύγχρονη

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

σημασία του έχει υποστεί την επίδραση του γαλλικού όρου «moral» (Μπαμπινιώτης, 2010). Ο Σωκράτης, ως ο πρώτος που έθεσε το πρόβλημα περί της αξίας του ανθρώπου και των πράξεών του, θεωρείται ο θεμελιωτής της φιλοσοφικής ηθικής και το περιεχόμενό της είναι συναφές προς τη θέση και τη συζήτηση προβλημάτων που προκύπτουν από το βασικό της ερώτημα: «Τι πρέπει να πράξω»; Ο πρώτος ωστόσο που έθεσε και ανέλυσε την έννοιά της ηθικής ήταν By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS ο Αριστοτέλης, ο οποίος δίδαξε ότι η ηθική, γέννημα του έθους, της συνήθειας, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, πήρε το όνομά της από το έθος (συνήθεια), το οποίο C. ελάχιστα διαφέρει από By Mr. George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect το ήθος (Μάνος, 2002). Student of the School of Architecture Τόσο η θεωρητική όσο και η πρακτική εμπειρία, διδάσκουν οι Technical University ότι of Crete συγκρούσεις μεταξύ των ηθικών θεωριών δεν θα πάψουν να υφίστανται, 1. Introductory the concept δεδομένου ότι δενapproach: υπάρχει Defining ένα συγκεκριμένο σύστημα αξιών, κανόνων και 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), αρχών, καθολικώς αποδεκτό (Μάνος, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek2002) philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the ΕΠΙΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ acquisition of«επικοινωνία» knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, theμε term Ο όρος συναντάται για πρώτη φορά στον Πλάτωνα τη 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification σημασία της «αμοιβαίας σχέσης». Το ρήμα «επικοινωνώ» αρχικά σήμαινε 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as μήνυμα, well), as the “refining” of city area, the removal this, (inκ.λπ. various «μεταδίδω πληροφορία ή aανταλλάσσω γνώσεις,from σκέψεις με Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, κάποιον» (Μπαμπινιώτης, 2010). ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement there of artists, the operation ofαναφέρεται art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”, regardless of Όπως στον Πέτρου (2010), δεν υπάρχει μια the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the οριστικοποιημένη εννοιολογική προσέγγιση και ανάλυση του όρουof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative «επικοινωνία». Οι τρεις ωστόσο, κυριότερες θεωρίες που έχουν αναπτυχθεί potential relative speculation). Theκοινωνικές term gentrification is found at first in the UKεξής: in early it refersτης to στις επιστήμες εστιάζονται στα α)1960s στηand μελέτη The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor επικοινωνίας βάσει της συγκριτικής ανάλυσης της συμπεριφοράς των the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stayκαι themselves and thus old residents areof διαφόρων ζωικών ειδών του ανθρώπου β) Στη μελέτη της γλώσσας και London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. στην ανάλυση φορέων και μηνυμάτων και γ) στο σύνολο της επικοινωνιακής being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth διαδικασίας. A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΗΣ ΤΗΣResearchers. ΕΠΙΚΟΝΩΝΙΑΣ ΤΡΟΠΟΙ cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Σύμφωνα με τον Πέτρου (2010), η επικοινωνία είναι μια Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andπολύπλευρη for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from the διαδικασία η οποία επιτελείται μεbeing συγκεκριμένους τρόπους, οι κυριότεροι εκ comprehensive approach are summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: των οποίων είναι οι εξής: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups  Ομιλία: εφαρμόζεται η επικοινωνία από τη στιγμή που καθίσταται to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money εφικτή ανταλλαγή σε where αυτούςwork που place συμμετέχουν and timeηto travel fromπληροφοριών the purlieus toανάμεσα downtown, is, lack ofστο the σύστημα. Το at μέσο επικοινωνίας είναι η outside γλώσσα, η centres, οποία να better είναιin 1.of The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruthμπορεί GLASS for was born sense safety the distributed residencies town search Berlin, where she made her first studies. 1932 she λεκτική και προτάσεις με Inβάση τηνpublished κοινωνική εμπειρία καιentitled: τον services of(λέξεις health, education, entertainment “at the heartan ofimportant the city”,study (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for πολιτισμό) ή μη λεκτική (χειρονομίες, τόνος φωνής, παύσεις κ.α.) lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London,  Ανάπτυξη αμοιβαίων διαπροσωπικών σχέσεων: Οι ως μέλη in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheάνθρωποι, teacher in the to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University College υφίστανται of London, where sheκοινωνικό continued her social research. Her public and της κοινωνίας τον έλεγχο και προσαρμόζουν τη long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. συμπεριφορά τους, κοινά αποδεκτούς κανόνες, οποίοι ρυθμίζουν την and selling realCOLLINS estate,στους etc., for theCodepreciation initially ofοιpart of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

αλληλεπίδραση σε βαθμό που να επέρχεται η κοινωνική ισορροπία και γαλήνη.  Αισθήσεις: Ο άνθρωπος, αφού κατανοήσει, εκτιμήσει και γνωρίσει σε βάθος τους συνανθρώπους του, δύναται να αξιολογήσει πολύ καλύτερα τις προοπτικές μιας συνεργασίας. Τέτοιες διαδικασίες, βοηθούν στην αμοιβαιότητα των σχέσεων, στην αποδοχή, στη συναίνεση και στην επιτυχία των κοινών στόχων (Πέτρου, 2010).

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ ΚΑΙ ΕΠΙΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Η συνεργασία και η επικοινωνία είναιStudent όροι αλληλένδετοι. με of the School Σύμφωνα of Architecture τον Πέτρου (2010), αν οι άνθρωποι αδυνατούν να συνθέσουν ένα μήνυμα, να Technical University of Crete

το κωδικοποιήσουν να το στείλουν στο δέκτη και ο δέκτης με τη σειρά του, να 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept αντιδράσει ανάλογα και συνεπώς να ανοιχτεί ένας δίαυλος επικοινωνίας, τότε 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), είναι ανέφικτη η επικοινωνία και κατ’ επέκταση η συνεργασία. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage he leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startsΗΘΙΚΗ with of the content concepts. the ΚΑΙ ΑΡΙΣΤΟΤΕΛΗΣ acquisition ofαναφέρθηκε knowledge starts the content concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first, if of not final, approach, the term Όπως ήδη with στοthe προλογικό σημείωμα, ο ofπρώτος που 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification χρησιμοποιεί 1τον όρο «ηθική» στην Αρχαία Ελληνική γραμματεία είναι ο gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Αριστοτέλης. Πώς ωστόσο αντιλαμβάνεται την ηθική ο ίδιος ο Αριστοτέλης; (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of aΑριστοτέλη city area, removal this, (inartists, various ways), social groups, usually low-income andthe the placement there of Οof πρώτος κανόνας γιαof τον είναι ότιfrom στην ηθική δεν ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, However «καλός» this “change”, regardless of υπάρχουν κανόνες. Το να restaurants, είναι έναςetc. άνθρωπος υποδηλώνει ότι the operation ofconsequences art galleries, restaurants, etc.also However this “change”, regardless of whatever other has, results rising of land prices (and the αναπτύσσει το χαρακτήρα του έτσι ώστε να έχει τη δυνατότητα να κάνει το whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential καλύτεροrelative δυνατόspeculation). σε κάθε κατάσταση, και στην περίπτωση που εξετάζει η potential relative speculation). The term gentrification found atτης firstεπικοινωνίας. in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to παρούσα εργασία, κατά η is διάρκεια The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of toνα buy property inπρος poor Σύμφωνα με τον Αριστοτέλη, μπορούμε οδηγηθούμε τη areas σωστή the then observed trend of wealthy people to buy property in poor London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof δράση, παραιτούμενοι την ιδέα ότι το καλό there και το κακό αντίθετα London, upgrade them,από stay themselves sometimes and thusείναι old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. και απεναντίας, αντιλαμβανόμενοι το καλό ως τη μέση οδό ανάμεσα σε δύο being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth ακραίες καταστάσεις υπερβολής και ανεπάρκειας. Για το θάρρος, A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere theπαράδειγμα, work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar recorded in other major κατά τη διάρκεια της επικοινωνίας βρίσκεται ανάμεσα στην υπερβολή της GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. απερισκεψίας και την ανεπάρκεια της δειλίας (Loewer, 2014). cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from ΗΘΙΚΗ ΤΗΣ ΕΠΙΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑΣ comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Σύμφωνα με τον Μάνο (2002), η ηθική συμπεριφορά του ανθρώπου, interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups δεν επηρεάζεται ουσιαστικά από τα φιλοσοφικά συστήματα, είτε στην πιο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money ατελή και είτεpurlieus στην πιο ολοκληρωμένη τέλεια τους. and time to αυθαίρετη travel from the to downtown, whereκαι work placeεκδοχή is, lack of the Αυτό συνέβαινε σε παλαιότερες εποχές, όταν η ηθική φιλοσοφία είχε στέρεες 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin, where she made her first studies. 1932 she published entitled: βάσεις, αποτελώντας έναν από τουςInβασικούς παράγοντες διαμόρφωσης της services of health, education, entertainment “at the heartan ofimportant the city”,study (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for κοινωνικοπολιτικής στάσης τους ανθρώπου. Στις μέρες μας, τον ρόλο αυτό lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, επωμίζονται άλλα πολιτισμικά μορφώματα, όπως η οικονομία, ηteacher πολιτική, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. Her τα public and καθώς καιinformal ισχυροί μηχανισμοί ψυχολογικής τεχνικής, όπως Μέσα της long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. λεγόμενης Μαζικής Ενημέρωσης (Μάνος, 2002). and selling real estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Σύμφωνα με τους Fox και Demarco (2001), η ηθική εμφανίζει μεγαλύτερη ομοιότητα προς την κοινωνιολογία, μέρος της οποίας αποτελεί και η επικοινωνία, όταν συζητά για την ανθρώπινη συμπεριφορά με βάση το καλό και το κακό, το ορθό και το λάθος, όταν, δηλαδή πρόκειται περί της κανονιστικής ηθικής. Ο Μάνος (2002), επισημαίνει πάντως, ότι η ηθική λαμβάνει υπ’ όψιν της την κοινωνία και τα δρώμενα γύρω από αυτήν αλλά δε δεσμεύεται από αυτήν.

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, ΚΑΤΑ ΤΟΝ HABERMAS ΗΘΙΚΗ ΤΗΣ ΕΠΙΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑΣ By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Στη θεωρία της επικοινωνιακής δράσης, ο Habermas κάνει of τηArchitecture διάκριση Student of the School μεταξύ του προσανατολισμένου στην επιτυχία και Technical του προσανατολισμένου University of Crete

στη συνεννόηση «πράττειν». Σε αυτά αντιστοιχούν δύο είδη 1. Introductory approach: Defining ως the προς concept ορθολογικότητας: η ορθολογικότητα το σκοπό και η επικοινωνιακή 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept ορθολογικότητα. Ο the Habermas πιστεύει ότι στην (444 επικοινωνιακή οι ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, BC - 370 BC,δράση, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, theπροσανατολίζονται ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BCπρος -“principle”: 370 BC, among other wiseδεν heritage he left us, he established a great the συμμετέχοντες πρωταρχικά τηνAthens), ιδία among other wise heritage he leftthe us, he established a great the acquisition of knowledge starts with definition of the content of“principle”: concepts. ότι επιτυχία·επιδιώκουν τους ατομικούς τους στόχους υπό την προϋπόθεση acquisition of knowledge starts with the content concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” indefinition a first,τους if of not final, approach, the term είναι σε θέση να συνταιριάξουν τα the πρακτικά σχέδια στηofβάση κοινών 1 (and urban Based,της therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in not final, approach, theτων term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification ορισμών περίστασης. Με αυτήν is την έννοια, η the διαπραγμάτευση 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ορισμών της περίστασης αποτελεί αναπόσπαστο κομμάτι της αναγκαίας για Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement την επικοινωνιακή δράση ερμηνευτικής δραστηριότητας. ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of artο galleries, restaurants, However this of Επιπλέον, Habermas θεωρεί etc. πρωταρχική τη“change”, θέση ότιregardless γλωσσική the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the επικοινωνία σημαίνει πρώτιστα συνεννόηση, δηλαδή επιδίωξη και επίτευξηof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative μιας ορθολογικής συναίνεσης μεταξύ των επικοινωνούντων υποκειμένων. Γι' potential relative speculation). Theκαι term found at first the υφαδιού, UK in early 1960s it refers to αυτό η gentrification ανάλυση τηςisγλώσσας ως in «του απ' τις and κλωστές του The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor οποίου τα υποκείμενα κρέμονται και όπου διαμορφώνονται εν γένει ως the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves thus old residents areof υποκείμενα» μπορεί αυτό there το and μοντέλο της καθαρής London, upgrade them,να stayστηριχθεί themselves σε sometimes and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. επικοινωνιακής δράσης. «Η συνεννόηση ενυπάρχει ως τέλος στην ανθρώπινη being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth γλώσσα». A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. ΣΤΟ by ΔΙΑΛΟΓΟ ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΗ cities in Western countries, other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more Ο Habermas, στο βιβλίο του «Η ηθική της επικοινωνίας», τονίζει τα Since then, the issue has several scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from various ακόλουθα όσον αφορά τη συμμετοχή στη διαλογική επικοινωνία: comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Συμπεριλαμβάνει όλα isτα έχουν την of ικανότητα να interpretations the phenomenon of the following: In asense, theof phenomenon dueυποκείμενα togentrification, a trend ofπου a new category social groups συμμετέχουν σε επιχειρηματολογίες to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money  Όλοι έχουν ίσεςthe ευκαιρίες να συμβάλλουν and time to travel from purlieusγια to downtown, whereστην workεπιχειρηματολογία place is, lack of the και να προβάλλουν έγκυρα επιχειρήματα 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, Berlin, where she made herνα firstεπωφεληθούν studies. In 1932 του she published an important study entitled: Όλοι μπορούν δικαιώματος πρόσβασης και services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for ισότιμης συμμετοχής στην επικοινωνία, χωρίς καμία μορφή καταστολής. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Οι she πιοpublished πάνω υποθέσεις θα πρέπει να είναι In αναπόφευκτες προκειμένου in According 1943 studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and University Collegeένας of London, where sheκαι continued social research. brokers Her public and να επιτύχει διάλογος να her προσεγγίσουμε αποδεκτά και long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. αποτελεσματικά επίπεδα επικοινωνίας. Αυτό υποδηλώνει ότι όλοι έχουν and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web,το in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

δικαίωμα να συμμετέχουν σε έναν διάλογο και να προβάλλουν τα επιχειρήματά τους, χωρίς καμία μορφή καταστολής. Σύμφωνα με τον Πέτρου (2010), όσον αφορά τον τομέα της εκπαίδευσης, το ενδιαφέρον πρέπει να εστιαστεί στο υποσύστημα που ονομάζεται «σχολείο» και το οποίο έχει ως μέλη του ανθρώπινους οργανισμούς. Σε αυτή την περίπτωση, η επικοινωνία πρέπει να εξεταστεί ως μια πολύπλευρη διαδικασία ανάπτυξης των επαφών μεταξύ των ανθρώπων, η By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS οποία υπαγορεύεται από σημαντικές ανάγκες, κυρίως από την κατάκτηση Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, του εκπαιδευτικού αγαθού, μέσω κοινής C.δραστηριότητας, με By Mr.της George-Sp. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect συγκεκριμένους τρόπους δράσης (Πέτρου, 2010). Student of the School of Architecture Ο Habermas θεωρεί ότι η συζήτηση είναι η ανταλλαγή καιofαντιTechnical λόγων University Crete λόγων, επιχειρημάτων και αντεπιχειρημάτων, ανάμεσα σε δύο ή 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept περισσότερους συμμετέχοντες με τη βασική προϋπόθεση ότι όλοι είναι ίσοι 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept στοANTISTHENIS, διάλογο και ανοικτοί απόψεις των (444 άλλων. διάλογο, οι the ancientστις Greek philosopher, BC -Στο 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC συμπεριφορά, -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the συμμετέχοντες έχουν αμοιβαίες προσδοκίες ως προς τη οι amongτίθενται other wise leftthe us,definition he established a great the acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content of“principle”: concepts. οποίες σε heritage «κανονιστικό καθεστώς» (Habermas, 1975). Με άλλα acquisition of ηθοποιοί knowledge starts with the the content of concepts. Based, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term λόγια, αν therefore, δύο συμφωνούν ναindefinition συμμετάσχουν σε διάλογο, μπορούμε 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, notthe final, approach, the στο term gentrification) is (in area ofαφετέρου Planning) (or gentrification να υποθέσουμε ότι είναι ανοικτοί αφενός στο να if ακούσουν και 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various να ακουστούν, υιοθετώντας συγκεκριμένα πρότυπα και συμπεριφορές. Και οι Sociology as well), the “refining” of a city(αυτό area, fromthere this,αποκαλεί (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement of δύο εκθέτουν τα asεπιχειρήματά τους που ο Habermas ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation art galleries, μέσω restaurants, etc. Howeverεπιχειρημάτων this “change”, regardless of «αιτίες») και of προσπαθούν των καλύτερων να πείσουν the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the το συνομιλητή τους για ένα θέμα. Επιπλέον, Απαραίτητη επίσης προϋπόθεση,of whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential είναι ότι relative όσοι συμμετέχουν στο διάλογο είναι ανοιχτοί στο ενδεχόμενο το potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s it refers to αντεπιχείρημα να είναι ισχυρότερο από το επιχείρημά τους and Εν ολίγοις, ο The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Habermas, για τον καθορισμό της διαδικασίας της επικοινωνιακής the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay and thus old residents areof ορθολογικότητας, θέτει ωςthemselves προϋπόθεση οι συμμετέχοντες λαμβάνουν μέρος London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. σε έναν εποικοδομητικό διάλογο, ο οποίος υιοθετεί την «καθολική being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of(universal this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth πραγματολογία» pragmatics) της γλώσσας και κοινωνικής A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work ofτης Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major συμπεριφοράς. Βασική προϋπόθεση είναιsituations ότι οι συμμετέχοντες στο διάλογο, GLASS at the same period, while similar were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. μοιράζονται τις countries, ίδιες έννοιες για την κάθε λέξη και έχουν ένα «αμοιβαία cities in Western bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more αναγνωρισμένο κανονιστικό πλαίσιο» (mutually recognized normative Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from various background) (Marquiss, 2013). comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Όπως αναφέρεται στον Rustins (1999), οι συμμετέχοντες σε έναν interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups διάλογο επιβάλλεται κατά τον Habermas, να τηρούν ένα σύνολο to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money καθορισμένων έργο του Habermas, μεofτον and time to travelπροϋποθέσεων. from the purlieusΤο to downtown, where work σύμφωνα place is, lack the Rustins, ασχολείται με Sociologist την residencies επιθυμία για δημιουργία μιαςsearch καλύτερης 1.of The termat comes from Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS wasbetter bornήin sense safety the distributed outside town centres, for Berlin, where she made her first στη studies. In 1932 published an του study entitled: χειραφετημένης δομή της she γλώσσας και λόγου (Bolton, services of health,κοινωνίας education, entertainment “at the heart ofimportant the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for 2005). lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Η she «ηθική του studies διαλόγου» που προβάλλει ο 1950 Habermas in According 1943 published regarding city planning. In sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the phenomenon is due a εμπερικλείεται systematic and University Collegeπαράδοση of London, where she continued her social research. Her public action and στην ευρύτερη των γνωστικιστικών ηθικών, που από τον of Kant και long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. μετά επιμένουν να etc., προβάλλουν τη «δυνατότητα των ηθικών and selling realCOLLINS estate, for theCodepreciation initially ofαλήθειας» part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: διλημμάτων. Οι ηθικές αυτές θεωρίες χαρακτηρίζονται πάντα από τρία G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

βασικά στοιχεία: το γνωστικισμό, την καθολικότητα-οικουμενικότητα και το φορμαλισμό τους. Η ηθική του διαλόγου είναι γνωστικιστική, γιατί υποστηρίζει σθεναρά τη θέση ότι τα ηθικά προβλήματα είναι δυνατόν να κριθούν στη βάση επιχειρημάτων, και κατά συνέπεια ότι το ηθικό πράττειν δεν είναι αναγκασμένο να στηριχθεί σε μια ανεπίδεκτη δικαιολόγηση, δηλαδή εντέλει μη ορθολογική απόφαση, η οποία δεν ριζώνει παρά μόνο στις τυχαίες By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS «πεποιθήσεις» και «ανάγκες» του δρώντος υποκειμένου, όπως υποστηρίζουν Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, οι διαφόρων κατευθύνσεων ντεσιζιονιστικές θεωρίες. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS By Mr. George-Sp. Architect Όσον αφορά στον ηθικό γνωστικισμό, σύμφωνα με τονofHabermas, Student of the School Architecture συνεπάγεται το αίτημα της καθολικότητας, το οποίοTechnical παρουσιάζει δύο όψεις: University of Crete Κατά πρώτον, η ηθική θεωρία πρέπει να δίνει ένα κριτήριο για τη γενίκευση Introductory approach: the conceptκανόνων, που θα εκφράζουν των1.ηθικών κανόνων, δηλαδήDefining για τη διατύπωση 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept γενικά ή γενικεύσιμα Τοphilosopher, κριτήριο αυτό μια BC, ηθική αρχή, ANTISTHENIS, theδιαφέροντα. ancient Greek (444 είναι BC - 370 Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370πλευρά BC, Athens), among otherηwise heritageκατηγορική he left us, he established a δεύτερη great the όπως π.χ. καντιανή προσταγή. Η της among other wise heritage he leftthe us, he η established a great the acquisition of knowledge startsαίτημα, with definition of the content of“principle”: concepts.κάθε καθολικότητας αφορά στο αυτή ηθική αρχή να υπερβαίνει acquisition of knowledge starts with the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on “principle” indefinition aκαθολικό, first, if of not final, approach, the term μερικότητα, δηλαδή ναthis ριζώνει σε the κάτι όπως π.χ. στον καντιανό 1 (and urban Based,Λόγο. therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification πρακτικό 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Τέλος, η ηθική του διαλόγου, κατά τον Habermas είναι φορμαλιστική. Sociology as well), as the “refining” a cityτου area, the fromthere this,να (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and theremoval placement of Όπως η καντιανή ηθική, έτσι και η of ηθική διαλόγου δεν επιθυμεί ορίσει ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operationμια of art etc. However this “change”, regardless of οντολογικά, γιαgalleries, πάντα, restaurants, τους ορθούς ηθικούς κανόνες, αλλά περιορίζεται the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the στο να δώσει ένα τυπικό κριτήριο αξιολόγησης της ορθότητας των εκάστοτεof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative κανονιστικών περιεχομένων, οι οποίοι πιθανόν να συνδέονται με κάποια potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is foundζωής» at first1.in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to συγκεκριμένη κοινωνική «μορφή The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents areof ΕΠΙΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ Α ΤΟΝ HABERMAS London, upgrade them,ΚΑΤ stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Ηindirectly επικοινωνία είναι, σύμφωνα με τον Habermas, πανταχού παρούσα, being “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work Sociologist Ruth τόσο στην προσωπική ζωή όσο και στο δημόσιο βίο ofκαθώς και στην A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major εσωτερική αλλά και period, διεθνή while πολιτική. Η situations επικοινωνία συναντάται σε διμερές GLASS at the same similar were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. επίπεδο, μεταξύ δύο κρατών μέσω των διπλωματικών τους σχέσεων, καθώς cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more και σε πολυμερές επίπεδο, όπως για παράδειγμα σταscholars Ηνωμέναand Έθνη άλλους Since then, the issue has several forήvarious its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the περιφερειακούς οργανισμούς. Διάλογος διεξάγεται επίσης μεταξύ κρατικών comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: και μη κρατικών φορέων. interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Η επικοινωνία και ο διάλογος επηρεάζουν ασφαλώς σε to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: highμεγάλο costs in βαθμό money το διεθνές σύστημα. Μπορούν ωστόσο να επηρεάσουν και να το and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work placeαλλάξουν is, lack of the διεθνές σκηνικό στοdistributed βαθμό που ο Hambermas θαtown επιθυμούσε; Ο Hambermas 1.of The termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS wasbetter born in sense safety the residencies outside centres, for Berlin,λοιπόν where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important studyαυτό entitled: έθεσε το εξής ερώτημα: "Μπορεί αυτή η μορφή δημοκρατικής services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”,movements (possibly)for Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous κατεύθυνσης των σύγχρονων κοινωνιών στο πλαίσιο του έθνους κράτους lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, να επεκταθούν απόapproach, ταregarding εθνικάthe σύνορα» (Habermas, 2003: 87);teacher Φαίνεται in According 1943 she published studies cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she in the toπέρα another is due tobecame a systematic and University College London, where continued her social research. brokers Her public action and ότι η αλλαγή πουof υποστηρίζει οshe Habermas είναι η χειραφέτηση της of διεθνούς long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1 Hambermas, J. Η ηθική της επικοινωνίας [online]. Διαθέσιμο στο http:// G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

www.ardin.gr/?q=node/659 Πρόσβαση: 29/11/2017

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

κοινωνίας, προκειμένου να καταστεί μια «αυτο-επηρεαζόμενη (self- affected) ή αυτο-σκηνοθετημένη (self-directing) κοινωνία». Ο μακροπρόθεσμος στόχος πρέπει να είναι το σταθερή ξεπέρασμα της κοινωνικής διαίρεσης και διαστρωμάτωσης σε μια παγκόσμια κοινωνία, χωρίς να καταστρέφεται ωστόσο η πολιτιστική ιδιαιτερότητα» (Bolton, 2005).

By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS

ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΟΣ ΔΙΑΛΟΓΟΣ ΚΑΤΑ ΤΟΝ HABERMAS Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Σύμφωνα με τους Dukes και Χριστοδουλίδη (2012), ο όρος «κοινωνικός By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect διάλογος» χρησιμοποιείται για να αναφερθεί στο διάλογο μεταξύ του Student of the School of Architecture εκπροσώπου της διεύθυνσης και των υπαλλήλων («κοινωνικοί εταίροι») στην Technical University of Crete Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, οι οποίοι προσπαθούν να διαπραγματευτούν σχετικά με 1. Introductory Defining the concept δεσμευτικές συμφωνίες. Ο διάφορα θέματα, approach: προκειμένου να επιτευχθούν 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept κοινωνικός διάλογοςtheστην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση θεωρείται βρίσκεται στο ANTISTHENIS, ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC ότι - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 Athens), among wise heritageκοινωνικού he left us, he established a great the κέντρο other του «ευρωπαϊκού μοντέλου και(444 αποτελεί τηνBC, κινητήρια among πίσω other wiseτις heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. δύναμη από οικονομικές και κοινωνικές μεταρρυθμίσεις. Η ίδια the η acquisition of knowledge starts with the content concepts. Based, therefore, on “principle” indefinition a first,επισημαίνει if of not final, approach, theπου term Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση, με this αναφορά τηςthe το 2002, ότι of παρόλο η 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification καλύτερη διακυβέρνηση της διευρυμένης Ευρώπης βασίζεται στη συμμετοχή 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology well), asστη the “refining” ofλήψης a city area, the removal this, (inεταίροι various όλων τωνasφορέων διαδικασία αποφάσεων, οι from κοινωνικοί Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually ofθέση low-income and the placement of artists, καταλαμβάνουν μια μοναδική μέσα στην κοινωνία τωνthere πολιτών, την ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of the operation of art restaurants, etc. ζητήματα However this “change”, regardless of καλύτερη θέση γιαgalleries, να αντιμετωπιστούν που σχετίζονται μεartists, την the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the εργασία (Marquis, 2013). whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative speculation). O κοινωνικός διάλογος στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση θα αντιμετωπίσει, potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found first in the UK (2012), in early 1960s and it refers to σύμφωνα με τους Dukes και at Χριστοδουλίδη τις αξιώσεις του The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor Habermas για ένα ανοιχτό και ισότιμο διάλογο, όπου οι συμμετέχοντες στο the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay thus old residents areof διάλογο επηρεάζονται απόthemselves τα αποτελέσματα, τηand συμμετοχή όλων των London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimesμε there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. φορέων στη διαδικασία λήψης αποφάσεων, συμπεριλαμβανομένων των being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of thisκαι phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist κοινωνικών εταίρων της κοινωνίας των πολιτών. Ωστόσο, οι DukesRuth και A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Χριστοδουλίδης (2012) επισημαίνουν το θέμα της «αντιπροσωπευτικότητας» GLASS at the same period, situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, bywhile othersimilar Researchers. στον ευρωπαϊκό κοινωνικόbyδιάλογο, ο οποίος όπως υποστηρίζουν, θέτει σε cities in Western countries, other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more κίνδυνο ελπίδα του Habermas για την several αλλαγή scholars προς μια and κοσμοπολίτικη Sinceτην then, the issue has for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized below, from the Ευρώπη. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups ΒΙΒΛΙΟΓΡΑΦΙΑ to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Αθανασόπουλος, Κωνστ., ΓΕto(2015). Δημόσιες Αθήναι: Κέντρο and time to travel from the purlieus downtown, whereΣχέσεις. work place is, lack of the Επιμόρφωσης, Μελετών, Έρευνας, Ανάπτυξης. 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town centres, search for better Berlin,Μάνος, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important Ηθικοί study entitled: Α. (2002). Η οντολογία του κακού παρά Πλωτίνω. και services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for μεταηθικοί απόηχοι. Αθήνα: Ινστιτούτο του Βιβλίου – Α. Καρδαμίτσα. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, Μπαμπινιώτης, Γ. approach, (2010). Ετυμολογικό της Νέας Ελληνικής, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning.Λεξικό In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another the is due a systematic and University College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and Αθήνα: Κέντρο Λεξικολογίας. long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Πέτρου, Σ. (2010). Σχολεία χωρίς τείχη.2009. Αθήνα: Εκδόσεις Γκιούρδας and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

Loewer, B. (2014). 50 Φιλοσοφικές θεωρίες που επηρέασαν την ανθρωπότητα. Αθήνα: Εκδόσεις Κλειδάριθμος. Bolton, R. (2005). HABERMAS’S Theory of communicative action and the theory of social capital. Massachusetts: Williams College Department of Economics and Center for Environmental Studies. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Dukes, R., Christodoulidis, E. (2012) Habermas and Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, the European Social Dialogue: Deliberative Democracy as By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Industrial Democracy?, International Union Rights Student of the School of Architecture Journal, 18: 4. Technical University of Crete Fox, RM., Demarco, J.P. (2001). Moral reasoning. A 1. Introductory approach: concept philosophic approach to Defining applied the ethics. London: 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Harcourt College Publishers, 2001. ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wiseJ. heritage he left us, he established a great the Habermas, (1975).Legitimation Crisis. London: among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the Heinemann. acquisition of knowledge starts withReason theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Habermas, J.on this (1984). and the 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” in a first, if not final, approach, the term gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Rationalization1 of Society, Volume 1 of The Theory of gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Communicative Action, English translation by Thomas Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of (originally low-incomepublished and the placement there of artists, McCarthy. Boston: Beacon Press in ways), of groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of German in social 1981). the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the Habermas, J. (Μετάφραση: Καβουλάκος, Κ.) «Η whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potentialτης relative speculation). [online]. Διαθέσιμο στο ηθική επικοινωνίας» potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in theΠρόσβαση: UK in early 1960s and it refers to http://www.ardin.gr/?q=node/659 The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor 6/2/2016. the then observed trend of wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas of London, upgrade them, stay themselves and thus old residents Kutchinsky, S. (2014). "World thinkers 2014: Theand thus old residentsare London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there are being indirectly “squeezed”. results". Prospect“squeezed”. Magazine. being indirectly A description of this phenomenon is included in theand work of Sociologist Ruth Marquiss, C. (2013). Habermas, Dialogue, A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major Change inat the International System. GLASS the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more *Η Δρ. Στάλω ΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΥ είναι Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach arepreoccupied beingΜουσικoσυνθέτρια summarized from και παραγωγός με σημαντικές διακρίσεις στην Κύπρο comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: και το εξωτερικό. Είναι Πτυχιούχος Μουσικής, interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Μουσικολογίας και Σύνθεσης (Πανεπιστήμιο Hull), ενώ to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money κατέχει Δίπλωμα Μουσική Σύνθεση and timeΜεταπτυχιακό to travel from the purlieusστη to downtown, where work place is, lack of the και Διδακτορικό Δίπλωμα στη Μουσική Σύνθεση 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside townγια centres, Berlin, where she made her first studies.Hertfordshire). In 1932 she published an important study entitled: ταινίες και Media (Πανεπιστήμιο Είναι services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for επίσης κάτοχος πτυχίου from επικοινωνίας και lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” private access markets, etc.where studies and research Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, δημοσιογραφίας (Intercollege Cyprus). ΕπίσηςIn είναι in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Universityμεταπτυχιακού College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public and κάτοχος στη Εκπαιδευτική Διοίκηση long-term informal effort by organized groups, manufacturers, ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. (Πανεπιστήμιο Νεάπολις). and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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EΠIΘEΩPHΣH AΠOKENTPΩΣHΣ, AYTO∆IOIKHΣHΣ GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types ofTOΠIKHΣ Intervention, KAI ΠEPIΦEPEIAKHΣ ANAΠTY�HΣ REVUE DE DECENTRALISATION, D’ ADMINISTRATION Definition, Types of intervention, Concerns of Gentrification LOCALE ET DE DEVELOPPEMENT REGIONAL REVIEW OFConcerns DECENTRALIZATION, LOCAL

GOVERNMENT AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT * Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Tριµηνιαία By Eπιστηµ�νική Έκδ�ση Harvard School of Design, Student, EditionUniversity, scientifiqueGraduate trimestrielle By scientific Mr. George-Sp. Quartely review C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect * Student of the School of Architecture Έτος ιρδύσεως έκδοσης1995 Α΄ τεύχους 1995 μ.Χ. Έτ�ςκαι ιδρύσεως µ.X.Technical University of Crete * 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 2018 Numb. Tεύ��ς / Numéro / Issue 93 68 // 2012 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Απρίλι�ς, Μάϊ�ς, Ι�ύνι�ς 2012 Ιούλιος, Αύγουστος, Σεπτέμβριος ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (4442018 BC - 370 BC, Athens), *established(444 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he a great the Kωδικ�ς: 014297 among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the *a first, if of acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” not final, approach, the term Iδι�κτήτης / Propriétaire 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, /ifOwner notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) is (in area of Planning) (or gentrification

1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area,EPEYNAΣ the removal from this, (in various KENTPO EΠIMOPΦΩΣHΣ MEΛETΩN KAI ANAΠTY�HΣ Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of µη low-income and Eταιρεία the placement there Aστική κερδ�σκ�πική ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless DE FORMATION ETUDES DE RECHERCHE ET(and DU theof whateverCENTRE other consequences has, DES results also rising of land prices whatever otherspeculation). consequencesDEVELOPPEMENT has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative Société butUK lucratif potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found atcivile first sans in the in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification iswealthy found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend of to buy property in poor CENTER OF EDUCATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT the then observed trend wealthy people to buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there and thus old residents areof Civil not lucrative Association London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. * being indirectly “squeezed”. Yπεύθυν�ς κατά τ�ν ν�µ�, Eκδ�της /Editeur/Editor A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description ofperiod, this phenomenon is included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth Kαθηγητής ΓE. AΘANAΣOΠOYΛOΣ GLASS at the same whileKωνστ. similar situations in other major Prof. Const. GE. ATHANASSOPOULOS GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. * cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has scholars and for its more Eπιστηµ�νικ�ς Yπεύθυν�ς: Kαθηγητής several Kωνστ. ΓE. AΘANAΣOΠOYΛOΣ Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from Responsable Scientifique: Professeur Const. GE. ATHANASSOPOULOS comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Scientific Responsible: Professor Const. GE. ATHANASSOPOULOS interpretations the phenomenon thecategory following: * In a sense, theof phenomenon is dueof togentrification, a trend of a new of social groups Σύµ��υλ�ς Έκδ�σης to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money AΠOKENTPΩΣHΣ, and time to travel fromEΛΛHNIKO the purlieusKENTPO to downtown, where work place is, lack of the TOΠIKHΣ AYTO∆IOIKHΣHΣ KAI ΠEPIΦEPEIAKHΣ ANAΠTY�HΣ termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS was born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside Conseiller d’ éditiontown centres, search for better Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) CENTER HELLENIQUE DECENTRALISATION, Youth Unemployment. The same year she left DE Germany and after continuous movements for lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private car easier access markets, etc.where D’ ADMINISTRATION LOCALE ET DE DEVELOPPEMENT REGIONAL studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and New York she came to back to London, in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Edition Counsellor University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying HELLENICby CENTER DECENTRALIZATION, LOCAL her work are characterized a passionFOR for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCo depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in GOVERNMENT AND DEVELOPMENT 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. REGIONAL London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification Concerns

∆ιευθύνεται υπ� Συντακτικής Eπιτρ�πής εκ Kαθηγητών Πανεπιστηµί�υ και Eιδικών Eπιστηµ�νων. Σύστηµα Kριτών. Dirigée par Comité de rédaction de Professeurs d’ Université et de Scientifiques Spécialisés Directed by Edition Board of University Professors and Specialized Scientists System of external evaluators * Tιµή τεύ��υς: 9 f Συνδρ�µέςBy ετήσιες: Φιλίας: 300C. fATHANASOPOULOS ∆ηµ�σίων Mr. George-Sp. Yπηρεσιών, N.Π.∆. και I.∆., ∆ήµων, N�µαρ�ιακών Aυτ�δι�ικήσεων,Tραπε�ών, Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Student, Eταιρειών: 150 f Iδιωτών: 30 f Φ�ιτητών: 15 f By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect E�ωτερικ�ύ: US $ 100 Student of the School Morales of Architecture Prix: 9 f Abonnements: Prix d’ ami: 300 f Services Publics, Personnes de Technical University of Crete Droit Public ou Privé, Communes, Administrations Départementales, Banques, Sociétés: 150 f Individuels: 30 f Etudiants: 15 f 1. Introductory approach: Defining Etranger:the USconcept $ 100 1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept Price: 9 f Subscriptions: Friendship: 300 f Public Services, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), Legal Persons of Publicthe or ancient Private Law, Communities, Prefecture ANTISTHENIS, Greek philosopher, (444 BCAdministrations, -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great the Banks, Societies: 150 f Individuals: 30 f among other wise heritage he left us, he established a great “principle”: the acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition of the content of concepts. Students: 15 f Abroad: US $ 100 acquisition of knowledge starts with the definition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term *in Υπεύθυνος Τυπογραφείου 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term Yπεύθυν�ς Tυπ�γρα�εί�υ gentrification) is area of Planning) (or gentrification ΕΚΤΥΠΩΣΕΙΣ ΘΕΟΔΩΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ ΔΗΜΗΤΡΗΣ 1 EI∆IKH EK∆OTIKH A.E.E.B.E. gentrification (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Μάρνη 25, Πλ. Βάθης, Αθήνα, Xαλκ�κ�νδύλη 35,Tηλε�. Kέντρ�: (210) 5242177, (210) 5226641, FAX: (210) 5232409 Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various τηλ.: 210.5234559, φαξ: 2105203633, email: theogi@otenet.gr ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, * etc. However ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, “change”,there regardless of Tα δηµ�σιευ�µενα κείµενα απη��ύν τις απ�ψεις των Συντακτών τ�υς the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof καιother δεν δεσµεύ�υν την EΠIΘ. AYT. KAI ΠEP.prices AN. (and the whatever consequences has,AΠOK.,TOΠ. results also rising of land potential relative speculation). * potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to Oι αναγγελίες εντ�ς πλαισί�υ των νέων εκδ�σεων απ�τελ�ύν πρ�σ��ρά The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early�ιλική 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor τ�υ Eπιστηµ�νικ�ύ Yπευθύν�υ τ�υ Περι�δικ�ύ πρ�ς τ�υς Συγγρα�είς τ�υς the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves* sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. Bάσει τ�υ N. 2121/1993 και των σ�ετικών καν�νων τ�υ ∆ιεθν�ύς ∆ικαί�υ απαbeing indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Ruth γ�ρεύεται η αναδηµ�σίευση ή η αναπαραγωγή (�λική ή µερική) µε Sociologist �π�ι�ν δήπ�τε A description ofδήπ�τε this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of πρ�ηγ�ύµενη Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same period, while similar in other major τρ�π� και µε �π�ι� µέσ� των κειµένων τ�υ παρ�ντ�ς, �ωρίς GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major έγγρα�η άδεια τ�υ εκδ�τ�υ. cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. Toute reproduction un quelconque de cette Revue, cities in Western countries, byextrait other Researchers. Since then, the issued’has preoccupied several scholars andpar forquelque its more procédé que ce soit, et notamment par photocopie ou microfilm, est strictement Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the interdite. comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various interpretations thematerial phenomenon of gentrification, following: The whole ofofthe appearing in this Review isthe a copyright and may not be interpretations of the gentrification, following: In a sense,inthe phenomenon is dueof to a permission trend of a new category reproduced whole orphenomenon in part without the ofthe the Editor. of social groups to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus * for several reasons: high costs in money ∆ιεύθυνση / Adresse / Address and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the Ίµ�ρ�υ 6, 11257 Aθήναι, τηλ.: (210) 8647120, fax: centres, (210) 8658868 1. The term comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth GLASS for wasbetter born in sense of safety at the distributed residencies outside town search IMVROY GR 11257, / ATHENS, teleph.: 8647120, Berlin, where she6,made her first ATHENES studies. In 1932 she published an (210) important study entitled: services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year left8658868 Germany and after continuous movements for fax:she (210) lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where studies and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, * in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto became teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and http : // library.panteion.gr/pandemos • Eλληνικά περι�δικά University informal College of London, where she continued her social research. brokers Her public action and long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, of buying * her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theISSN depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: 1106-91-71 G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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GENTRIFICATION Definition, Types of Intervention, Definition, of intervention, ConcernsTypes of Gentrification ΤΕΥΧΟΣ Ν. 93/2018/ ΠΕΡΙΕΧΟΜΕΝΑ/SOMMAIRE/CONTENTS Concerns Σελ./P. By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS Harvard/University, School of Design, - Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Const. GE.Graduate ATHANASOPOULOS: Τοις Student, By Mr. George-Sp. C. ATHANASSOPOULOS Architect Εντευξομένοις Ή Περί ευθύνης των Οργάνων του Κράτους για παράνομες Student of the School of Architecture πράξεις τους κατά την ενάσκηση των καθηκόντων τους ….…………………… 3 Technical University of Crete - Γ. ΓΕΩΡΓΗΣ: Η Ίδρυση και Λειτουργία του Ελληνικού Υποπροξενείου στην Κύπρο 1833 -approach: 1864. ………………………………………………………………………. 6 1. Introductory Defining the concept - Ναπ. ΜΑΡΑΒΕΓΙΑΣ: Διεθνείς Χρηματοπιστωτικές Αγορές και Οίκοι 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, Αξιολόγησης ………………………………………….……………………………………………… 7 ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the - among Θεοδ. ΚΑΛΛΙΑΝΟΣ: Poststarts “BREXIT -the Σχέδιο”: Πόσο “OUT”; Η other wise heritage he left us,definition he established aΠόσο great the acquisition of knowledge with of“IN”, the content of“principle”: concepts. μακροχρόνια και πολύπλοκη διαδικασία αποχωρήσεως του Ηνωμένου acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term Βασιλείου την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση……………………………………………………. 1 (and Based,από therefore, on this “principle” inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term urban gentrification) is area of Planning) (or 9 gentrification 1 -Sociology Στ. ΚΑΡΑΓΙΑΝΝΗΣ: Βιβλιοκριτική: Βασ. Δ. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ: Θεσμικό πλαίσιο gentrification (and urban gentrification) indicated (in thefrom areathis, of Planning) (or as well), as the “refining” of a cityisarea, the removal (in various Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης…………………………………………………………………….. Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, 11 - ways), Εκδ. ΠΑΠΑΖΗΣΗ: Δελτίο Τύπου…………………………………………………………… of social groups, usually of low-income and thethis placement of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However “change”,there regardless of 14 -whatever Ελ. operation ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑ: Το Ειδικό Καθεστώς Οικονομικών Δραστηριοτήτων του the of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof Ελληνικού Κράτους και Ελλήνωνhas, Υπηκόων Χώρες τωνofΒαλκανίων: whatever otherspeculation). consequences resultsσεalso rising land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). Θεωρητικές Προσεγγίσεις και Εμπειρικοί Προσανατολισμοί……………………. The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to 15 -the Πανεπιστήμιο ΝΕΑΠΟΛΙΣ, The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto23 then observed trend ofisΠάφος…………………………………………………………. wealthy to buy property in poor - the Ευγ.then Μαρ. Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ / ЕВГЕНИЯ observed trend wealthy people to МАРИА buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves sometimes there andАФАНАСОПУЛУ: thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes and thus/ old residents are Το Μυστήριο του Alexander Scriabin. Μία κριτική there προσέγγιση ,,Краткое being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. содержание Выводы”…………………………………………………………………………… A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth 24 description ofperiod, this phenomenon isand included inwere the recorded work Sociologist Ruth -GLASS G. -ASp. C. ATHANASOPOULOS: Construction: Theof role newmajor at the same whileDesign similar situations inof other technologies ………………………….………………………………………………………………. 27 GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, by other Researchers. - cities Χαράλ. ΝΤΟΝΑΔΟΣ: Ο στρατηγικός προγραμματισμός ανθρώπινου in Western countries, by other Researchers. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several scholars and for its more δυναμικού στο Δημόσιο Τομέα……………………………………………………………….. Since then, the issue has several below, scholars andthe for various its more31 comprehensive approach arepreoccupied being summarized from comprehensive approach are being summarized below, from the various - Βασ. ΔΕΛΗΘΕΟΥ: Κριτικό Σημείωμα: Ελ. ΚΑΒΒΑΔΙΑ. Ειδικό Καθεστώς interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, theΤο following: interpretations of the phenomenon gentrification, thecategory following: Οικονομικών Δραστηριοτήτων τουof σε Χώρες των In a sense, the phenomenon is due toΕλληνικού a trend of aΚράτους new of social groups Βαλκανίων: Θεωρητικές Προσεγγίσεις και Εμπειρικοί to “return” to the city, leaving the purlieus for several reasons: high costs in money Προσανατολισμοί…………………………………………………………………………………… and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the 49 1.of The termat comes fromΠαρ. Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth του GLASS for wasbetter born in -sense Αγγ. ΤΣΑΚΛΑΓΚΑΝΟΣ, ΤΣΑΚΛΑΓΚΑΝΟΥ: Βασικές αρχές safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, search Berlin, where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled: MARKETING………………………………………………………………………………………….. services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) 53 Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for - studies Κωνστ. ΓΕ. research ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: ΔΙΟΙΚΗΤΙΚΟ ΔΙΚΑΙΟ……………………………………….. lower living cost of, in “withdrawal” from private car access markets, etc.where54 and Geneva, Prague, London and Neweasier York she came to back to London, 1943 she studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 she teacher in the - in Κωνστ. ΓΕ.published ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Κριτικό Σημείωμα: Σαβ. ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΟΥ. According to another approach, the is due tobecame a systematic and University informal College London, where she continued her socialκαι research. Her public and55 Επενδύσεις στηνofΚαινοτομία, Τοπική Αυτοδιοίκηση Ανάπτυξη…………. long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers ofaction buying her work are characterized by a passion for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY. and selling realCOLLINS estate, etc., for theCodepreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. SONS AND Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia: G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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1. Introductory approach: Defining the concept 1. Introductory approach: the concept (444 BC - 370 BC, Athens), ANTISTHENIS, the ancientDefining Greek philosopher, ANTISTHENIS, the ancient Greek philosopher, BC -“principle”: 370 BC, Athens), among other wise heritage he left us, he established(444 a great the among other wise heritage leftthe us,definition he established a greatof“principle”: acquisition of knowledge startshe with of the content concepts. the acquisition of knowledge starts with theindefinition the content of concepts. Based, therefore, on this “principle” a first, if of not final, approach, the term 1 (and urban Based, therefore, on this “principle” is inindicated a first, if (in notthe final, approach, the term gentrification) area of Planning) (or gentrification 1 (and urban gentrification) is indicated (in the area of Planning) (or gentrification Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, the removal from this, (in various Sociology as well), as the “refining” of a city area, fromthere this, of (inartists, various ways), of social groups, usually of low-income andthe theremoval placement ways), of social groups, usually of low-income and the placement there of artists, the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless of the operation of art galleries, restaurants, etc. However this “change”, regardless whatever other consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and theof whatever otherspeculation). consequences has, results also rising of land prices (and the potential relative potential relative speculation). The term gentrification is found at first in the UK in early 1960s and it refers to The term gentrification found atpeople first in the UK in early 1960s and itareas refersofto the then observed trend ofiswealthy to buy property in poor the then observed trend wealthy sometimes people to there buy property in poor areas London, upgrade them, stay of themselves and thus old residents areof London, upgrade them, stay themselves sometimes there and thus old residents are being indirectly “squeezed”. being indirectly “squeezed”. A description of this phenomenon is included in the work of Sociologist Ruth A description of this phenomenon is situations included inwere the recorded work of Sociologist Ruth GLASS at the same while similar in other major - Ο. ΨΑΛΛΙΔΑΣ, Αικ. period, ΤΟΥΜΠΑΝΟΥ: Η πληροφόρηση του εφαρμοστέου GLASS at the same period, while similar situations were recorded in other major cities in Western countries, other Researchers. αλλοδαπού δικαίου από τοbyκυπριακό σε αντιδιαστολή με το ελληνικό cities in Western countries, bypreoccupied other Researchers. Since then, the issue has several scholars and for its more 59 δικαστήριο……………………………………………………………………………………………. Since then, the issue has preoccupied several below, scholars andthe for various its more comprehensive approach are being summarized from - comprehensive Κέντρο Έρευνας Περιφερειακής Ανάπτυξης «Ιερώνυμος Δ. ΠΙΝΤΟΣ καιvarious approach are being summarized below, from the interpretations the phenomenon of gentrification, the following: Αναστασία Ιερ.of ΠΙΝΤΟΥ»………………………………………………………………………... 61 interpretations of the phenomenon of gentrification, thecategory following: In a sense, the phenomenon is due to a trend of a new of social groups - ΔΕΥΚΑΛΙΩΝ ο Θεσσαλός. Εκδότης: Θάνος Κ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ…………… 62 to “return” to theΗcity, leaving the purlieus for several high costs in money 63 - Στ. ΓΕΩΡΓΙΟΥ: ηθική της επικοινωνίας κατά τονreasons: Habermas………………... and time to travel from the purlieus to downtown, where work place is, lack of the - ΔΗΜΟΤΙΚΑ ΤΡΑΓΟΥΔΙΑ ΣΟΦΑΔΩΝ.…………………………………………………….. 71 termat comes from Sociologist Ruth GLASS, 1912-1940. Ruth search GLASS for wasbetter born in sense1.ofThe safety the distributed residencies outside town centres, - Berlin, Εκδότης, Επιστημονικός Υπεύθυνος……………………………………………………... where she made her first studies. In 1932 she published an important study entitled:72 services of health, education, entertainment “at the heart of the city”, (possibly) Youth Unemployment. The same year she left Germany and after continuous movements for74 - Περιεχόμενα………………………………………………………….……………………………... lower living cost of, “withdrawal” from private access markets, etc.where and research in Geneva, Prague, London and car Neweasier York she came to back to London, - studies Οπισθόφυλλο: Κωνστ. ΓΕ. ΑΘΑΝΑΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ: Το Δίκαιο τηςbecame in According 1943 she published studies regarding cityphenomenon planning. In 1950 sheto teacher in the to another approach, the is due a systematic and Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης: Τομ.where Α΄, α΄she εκδ. 1996, νέα έκδ., τόμ. Β΄public 2004.action and University informal College of London, continued her social2008, research. Her long-term effort by organized groups, manufacturers, brokers of buying her work are characterized by a passion Έρευνας, for justice. See also: COLLINS ENGLISH DICTIONARY.76 Εκδ. Κέντρου Μελετών, Ανάπτυξης. Αθήναι………………. and selling realΕπιμόρφ., estate, etc., for the depreciation initially of part of the urban web, in 10th edit. Wil. COLLINS SONS AND Co Ltd. London 2009. WIKIPEDIA: The Free Encyclopedia:

G. ALEXANDRI: http://www.uncanny.net/ wetzel/gentry.htm a Gentrification: variety of ways, in order Abstract. to achieve the “assisted”, “voluntary”, (actually

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