HI I’M CHUNYI HO
Concrete Oasis
Metacycle
The
Land
Concrete Oasis Syracuse University
Instructor / Roger Hubeli Year / 2020 Software / Rhino, Grasshopper, Photoshop
SANKEY DIAGRAM Concrete Block THE MATERIAL FLOWS OF CONCRETE / USA IMPORT Composition of concrete blocks and where cement are imported from to the U.S. ARC 770.2 SS 2020 Syracuse University School of Architecture - States of Matter mapped by: Chunyi Ho
Sand: 26.34 MT
Concrete Block: 87.80 MT Concrete in C&D: 375.00 MT Concrete in use: 453.36 MT Mixture: 409.73 MT
Water: 70.24 MT
Asphalt Concrete: 76.00 MT Limestone: 925.20 MT Wood Products: 39.00 MT Other: 44.00 MT
Gravel: 1,308.20 MT
Other Usage: 977.49 MT
Sandstone: 35.40 MT Ready-mixed concrete producer: 61.46 MT
Basalt: 59.00 MT
Contractor: 8.78 MT
China: 2,350 MT
Other customer: 8.78 MT Others: 200.60 MT
Silty Clay: 7.50 MT Zafarana Clay: 7.50 MT Kaolin: 7.50 MT
Recycled concrete: 140.00 MT
Clinker: 75.00 MT Gypsum: 4.00 MT Portland Cement: 87.80 MT South Korea: 1.10 MT China: 1.47 MT Taiwan: 0.43 MT Canada: 1.10 MT Scandinavian countries: 0.68 MT France: 0.08 MT Spain: 0.37 MT Italy: 0.07 MT Greece: 1.66 MT Turkey: 0.38 MT
Main Data Sources from: Bye, Gerry. (2011). Portland Cement (3rd edition). ICE Publishing For additional sources see source list.
/
cementdistribution.com
India: 270 MT United States: 83.4 MT Turkey: 77 MT Vietnam: 61 MT Indonesia: 65 MT South Korea: 63 MT Japan: 55 MT Russia: 69 MT Egypt: 55 MT Iran: 65 MT Brazil: 72 MT Taiwan: 0.43 MT
/
epa.gov
/
usgs.gov
Landfill: 394.00 MT Construction & Demolition waste 534.00 MT
Recycled Concrete: 140.00 MT
MATTER TO MATERIAL SUB TITLE INDICATING TOPIC ECOLOGIES (BIOME) Quarry
EXTRACTION Grinding Limestone
MATTER (MATERIAL) Clinkering into cement ckinker
MANUFACTURING Mixing mixture
ECONOMIES (PRODUCTS) Casting into product
01 Blasting Limestone Quarry
05 Transporting To Processing Plant
09 Vertical Cyclone Towers
13 Add Gypsum And Grind Together In Barmill
17 Casting
01 Extract Limestone With Loader 02
06 Sizing Down By Secondary Crusher
10 Rotary Kiln Slowly Heating Rawmix
14 Preparing Mixture For Concrete Block
18 Curing Under Controlled Environment
01 Primary Crusher 03
07 Preparation Of The Raw Mix
11 Clinkering
15 Transporting Mixture
19 Transporting The Final Product
01 Surge Pile 04
08 Grinding In A Dry Rawmill
12 Cement Clinker
16 Mixing
20 Stacking And Packing With Robotic Arm
MATTER TO BUILDING
FROM QUARRY TO YOUR HOME
Printing
Cyclone Towers
Processing Plant
Rotary kiln Mixing
Quarry
MATERIAL PERFORMANCE
3D PRINTING CONCRETE DIMENTION AND MIXTURE PROPERTIES
18 ~ 20°
2”
V Shape Storage Bin Mixing Blade
0.25 ~ 2”
Print Nozzle
UHPC
Fiber types often used in UHPC include high carbon steel, PVA, Glass, Carbon or a combination of these types or others. The ductile behavior of this material is a first for concrete, with the capacity to deform and support flexural and tensile loads, even after initial cracking. The high compressive and tensile properties of UHPC also facilitate a high bond strength allowing shorter length of rebar embedment in applications such as closure pours between precast elements.
01 Cement
Strength
“ High carbon
Compressive: 17,000 to 22,000 psi, (120 to 150 MPa) Flexural: 2200 to 3600 psi, (15 to 25 MPa) Modulus of Elasticity: 6500 to 7300 ksi, (45 to 50 GPa)
Durability
Freeze/thaw (after 300 cycles): 100% Salt-scaling (loss of residue): < 0.013 lb/ft3, (< 60 g/m2) Abrasion (relative volume loss index): 1.7 Oxygen permeability: < 10-19 ft2, (<10-20 m2)
02 PVA Fiber
03 Glass Fiber Beads
steel PVA Glass Carbon
04 Carbon Fiber Powder
05 3D Printing
CONCRETE OASIS
3D PRINTED PAVILION AS SHADING AND PLANTER
Modern cities are described as a concrete jungle, where nature is away from our everyday lives and only row after rows of concrete buildings left in our view. While developing a new method of construction, we can use easily accessible natural material to minimize the waste created during construction. As time goes by, the earth mold became stronger and stronger while the root expands. This pavilion is not just a planter to grow trees, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s an architecture that integrates with nature and supported by the root system of plants.
Earth
Bubble man
Slurry
Earth as Lostmold
Metacycle
Syracuse University Instructor / Gregory Corso Partner / Wentao Tseng Year / 2020 Software / Rhino, Photoshop Fabricaiton / CNC, Vacumn Forming
"Metacycle" is a modular ceiling panel system that has 20 various types of panels by simply combining two fundamental bases and several "hats" options to show the gentle movement of ridges in a bigger picture. Instead of designing the panel itself, we look even broader into the grand layout and the relationship between each element.
a
a
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B’B’
B’D
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B’B’
B’D
CC
AB’
AC
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=
C
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B’C
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Combinations of Hats
AA
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AB’
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C’C’
AC
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B’C
BC’
BD
CD
C’D
DD
Typologies of Type I panel
C’C’
CD
Continuity is the main concept of this project, which provided these panels unlimited possibilities to apply in every scenario, different sizes of rooms, canopies, even as a wall installation. Two base patterns that we design allows the curve and patterns to connect and will never end. Also, the contour line patterns on each panel are acting as the character to enhance and emphasize the curvature. Integration with the ceiling components is part of the design as well, not only the lighting system is merged within the form, sprinklers can also be deceived in the dome-liked gap between two panels.
Texture and Color Testing
Section with Sprinkler Overall Layout
13”
13”
Section of Single Panel
13”
13”
Panel I Plan
Panel II Plan
The
Land
Syracuse University
Instructor / Fei Wang Location / Hualien, Taiwan Year / 2020 Software / Rhino, Photoshop
THE LAND Hualien
Taiwan is a beautiful island with 2.3 million lovely people who are genuine in love with their land. They love her spectacular landscape, love her rolling mountains, and borderless ocean surrounding the island. There are a lot of people who have different stories lives together on this island. They speak different languages, have different origins, have a different religion, but share one common thought, love this land. Image source: Cherjournaldesilmara.tumblr.com
#Hualien Google Trends
Interest by region - World map
Interest by region - Histogram SINGAPORE TAIWAN HONG KONG MALAYSIA MAURITIUS MACAO BRUNEI PHILIPPINES CAMBODIA MYANMAR (BURMA) SOUTH KOREA AUSTRALIA INDONESIA THAILAND NEW ZEALAND VIETNAM ST. HELENA CANADA NETHERLANDS CHINA SOUTH AFRICA SWITZERLAND NEPAL UNITED STATES UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Interest over time
Searched Keyword Cloud Hualien City
Sun Moon Lake
Hostel
Airport
Weather
Taichung To Hualien
Hotel
Location
Yilan County
City
Train
Taichung
Taiwan Train
Hualien To Taipei Taiwan Map
Taipei
Night Market
Map County
Train Station Taroko Gorge Attraction
Taipei Hualien
Hualien
Bus Taroko National Park
Station
Lake
Taiwan
Taroko
Taroko
Park
Travel National Park
All
Huslien Station
Kaohsiung
5
Earthquake
21,165 Reviews
4 3
Huslien Railway Station Kenting National Park Hualien To Taichung Yilan Taitung Marketplace Tourist Weather Forecasting Qingjing Farm
Visitor Count - By Year
Gorge 81
4.6
2 1
Visitor Count - By Location
Liyu Lake
Qixingtan Beach
Taroko Gorge
Ji-An Shrine
Pine Garden
Lintienshan Forestry Culture Park
Rafting
Ocean Park
Stone Sculpture Museum
Nanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;An Visitor Center
Dongdamen Night Market
Qinbuzhizi Walk
KA DGIYAQ O PSAPAH, KA QMPAHAN O DARA “Take the forest as home, view the land as life.”
TAROKO There’s a place called Hualien on the east coast of Taiwan, which has the largest marble canyon in the world called “Taroko gorge”. The name of Taroko came from the tribe who lives here, and they live with the faith of “Take the forest as home, view the land as life.”
HISTORY The Truku (Romanized as Taroko) people are Indigenous Taiwanese people. Taroko is also the name of the area of Taiwan where the Truku reside. Around the 16th century AD, the Taroko tribe moved from Nantou to the mountainous area in Hualien County. In 1876, the Taroko incident broke out due to the Qing government forcibly invaded the Taroko area. Since then, the tribe was regarded by the Governor as an important enemy. From May to August 1914, the Government of Japan started the Taroko War in order to control the aboriginal forces in Hualien. In the end, the remaining Taroko people were forced to relocate down the foothill by the river and to receive Japanese education.
FOOD
The traditional Taroko people cultivated by the rotation rest method of burning the field for fertilizer after harvesting and then changing to another land for cultivation. The food grown is mainly millet, sweet potatoes, tree beans, and taro. They are very attentive when harvesting millet, no speaking nor fart are allowed, and are demanded to be careful not to exceed othersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; fields. The first bunch of millet must be harvested by the priest, otherwise, anyone who eats it will suffer from diarrhea, even the bird is no exception.
Source: www.taroko.gov.tw wikipedia.org
WEAVING Weaving is an important traditional skill of the Taroko people. The Taroko women must learn this skill during their growth, though the skills of weaving have gradually faded as time goes by. The traditional Taroko woven fabric uses hemp as the material, and the pattern is mainly diamond-shaped, which symbolizes the â&#x20AC;&#x153;eye of the ancestorâ&#x20AC;?. Weaving skills not only meet the needs of life, but also affirm the role of adults in the past tribal society, and even have a deep connection with the ancestorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; beliefs, which shows the sincere cultural connotation of the Taroko people.
Ancestor
Inherit
Hunter
Sisil Bird
Virtue
CEREMONY After the harvest of millet on October 15 every year, it is an important season for the Taroko people to hold gratitude ritual to thank the ancestors. At this time of year, the tribes will worship the ancestors with piety, to thank the ancestors for their blessings and the harvest of five grains this year. Before dawn, the main priest led the tribe to the ancestral site, and the chief called out the ancestors and invited their souls to come down and join. The chanting rituals are chanted by everyone, and the ancestors of each family are worshiped separately after the joint ceremony.
Social
Aboriginesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Land Right
Traditional Area
Ritual
Culture Passing Down
Culture Experiencing
Farmland
Increase Awareness
Environmental Education
Environmental
Museum
Millet Growing
Reservoir
Economic
Ridge of Feild
Tourist Industry
Retaining Wall
Cement Industry
Main Stream Flood and Drought
Landslide Hazard
Minor Stream
Environmental Disruption
Physical Issue
Result
Social
Aboriginesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Land Right
Ritual
Traditional Area
Culture Passing Down
Culture Experiencing
Farmland
Increase Awareness
Environmental Education
Environmental
Museum
Millet Growing
Reservoir
Economic
Ridge of Feild
Tourist Industry
Retaining Wall
Cement Industry
Main Stream Flood and Drought
Landslide Hazard
Minor Stream
Environmental Disruption
Physical Issue
Result
Produce
CONCRETE PRODUCE AND SALES Source: Ministry of Economic Affairs, Department of Statistics
Sale
Keelung City Coal mine 1
Shinchu County Silica sand mine 3 Natural gas / Fossil oil 2
Taoyuan City Iron mine 1
New Taipei City Gold mine 5 Clay mine 5 Silica sand mine 1
1 1
11
5 Miaoli County Silica sand mine 20 Natural gas / Fossil oil 4
44
24
Nantou County Crystal mine 3
80
3
Yilan County Marble mine 25 Clay mine 7 Gold mine 5 Others 7
Hualien County Marble mine 50 Serpentine mine 24 Others 6
1 Chiayi County Natural gas / Fossil oil 1 Tainan City Natural gas / Fossil oil 3
3
15
Taitung County Limestone mine 10 Grmstone mine 4 Mica mine 1
Source: Department of Statistics, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Taiwan
Social
Aboriginesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Land Right
Traditional Area
Ritual
Culture Experiencing
Farmland
Culture Passing Down
Increase Awareness
Environmental Education
Environmental
Museum
Millet Growing
Reservoir
Economic
Ridge of Feild
Tourist Industry
Retaining Wall
Cement Industry
Main Stream Flood and Drought
Landslide Hazard
Minor Stream
Environmental Disruption
Physical Issue
Result
ENVIRONMENTAL DISRUPTION
Name Person not present
Sources: newtalk.com cet-taiwan.org
In 1973, Asia cement corp. fraud and forged consent to get the land ownership from the tribe, and jointly with Township Office to cancel the registration of farming rights and occupy the original protected land, causing the residence of 50 households who lived on the plateau were forced to relocate to the foot of the mountain and could no longer set foot on the cultivated land and hunting grounds on which they depended. Whenever a typhoon, torrential rain, or earthquake occurs, the people who are forced to relocate can only beg for fear that God will not let the sliding earth to wash their homes. It has been 40 years of mining. During this period, environmental assessment has never been carried out, nor has it been informed and approved by the clan. On March 14, 2019, the Ministry of Economy again approved the 20-year extension of the mining permit, and Xincheng Mountain with an altitude of 776 meters will have less than 120 meters in the future. The issues of environmentally sensitive areas, administrative discretion, the inadequacy of the current mining law, and the failure to practice the right of indigenous peoples are highlighted again by the investigation report that the Supervisory Institute released.
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Image resource: newmedia.pts.org.tw abovetaiwan.com setn.com
778 m
No Data
1973
1997
1997
1973
2019
778 m
1997
No Data
2019
275 m
2039
120 m
Taiwan Has
2.5X
Of Rainfall Than The World Average
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World Average 990mm
Source: World Bank - Average precipitation in depth (mm per year)
51.93
Yet
7.44 7.25
Taiwanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Average Freshwater Per Capita Is Below The World Average
0.41 0.34
el an N N ew or d w Ze ay al an d C hi le
Ta iw an
0.49
Ic
Renewable Internal Freshwater Resources Per Capita (Unit: 10,000 Cubic Meters)
5.02
0.22
0.13
0.01
World Average 0.59
Annual Rainfall
Amount Directing Entering the Ocean
Amount Evaporated
21%
Total Water Used
Untapped Groundwater
1.5
Less than Months of Water Can Taiwan Accumulate USA
171.6
Japan
24
Only of it Used, More Rain Doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t Mean More Water
Years
4
Months
Taiwan
41
Days
Water Supply and Demand in Taiwan (100 Million Cubic Meters)
Notes: Water used includes portable water supplied, industrial-used water and water collected by people on their own
Sources: Water Resources Agency (Taiwan), Nation Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction
80%
of rain falls between May and October Source: Weatherspark.com - Average Weather in Hualien City
Social
Aboriginesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Land Right
Traditional Area
Ritual
Culture Experiencing
Farmland
Culture Passing Down
Increase Awareness
Environmental Education
Environmental
Museum
Millet Growing
Reservoir
Economic
Ridge of Feild
Tourist Industry
Retaining Wall
Cement Industry
Main Stream Flood and Drought
Landslide Hazard
Minor Stream
Environmental Disruption
Physical Issue
Result
20 Docu â&#x20AC;&#x153;We 00 our la 19 73
19 90
Asia Cement Corp. came to Hualien
19 77
1st Lease extension
19 96
2nd Lease
19 91
Return Our Land Act
Self-saving group founded
Lease 19 2nd extension 97
umentary fight for and”
20 13
Documentary “Beyond Beauty: Taiwan From Above”
20 14
20 16
Two original land owners get land ownership back
Apply for 3rd lease extension
Chi Po 20 Director Lin died in an 17 helicopter crash
20 19
20 Court: Need to redo 18 environmental impact assesment
Temporary withdrawal of mining permit
POPULATION STRUCTURE
Source: px-web.hl.gov.tw
PEOPLE
Brownstone Park
Civita Park
Mining: 1690-1938
Mining: 1929-2000
Reopened: 2008
Reopene: 2011
Area: 170,000 m2
Area: 57,870 m2
# Leisure & Entertainment # Regional planning
# Residential # Regional planning
Portland, Connecticut, USA
San Diego, California, USA
Scale Mining Type
Brownstone Andesite
Scale
Sand and gravel
Limestone
Marble
Clay
Depth
Mining Type
Brownstone Andesite
Sand and gravel Marble
Depth -85m
-61m
Limestone Clay
Butchart Gardens
InterContinental Shanghai Wonderland
Mining: 1904-1912
Mining: 1950-2000
Reopened: 1921
Reepned: 2018
Area: 52,600 m2
Area: 36,800 m2
Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada
Shanghai, China
# Environment & Ecology # Leisure & Entertainment
Ottawa
Scale
# Residential # Leisure & Entertainment
Scale
Mining Type
Brownstone Andesite
Depth
Sand and gravel Marble
Limestone Clay
Mining Type
Brownstone
Andesite
Sand and gravel Marble
Depth -16m
-88m
Limestone Clay
Shinchen Shan Quarry Shanghai, China
Mining: 1973-2019 Area: 162,971 m2
# Environment & Ecology # Leisure & Entertainment
Scale
Mining Type
Brownstone
Sand and gravel
Andesite
Marble
Depth -30m
Limestone Clay
Social
Aboriginesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Land Right
Traditional Area
Ritual
Culture Passing Down
Culture Experiencing
Farmland
Increase Awareness
Environmental Education
Environmental
Museum
Millet Growing
Reservoir
Economic
Ridge of Feild
Tourist Industry
Retaining Wall
Cement Industry
Main Stream Flood and Drought
Landslide Hazard
Minor Stream
Environmental Disruption
Physical Issue
Result
Museum
Displaying the history of Taroko tribe
Reminding the environmental tragedy Roof as ritual platform
Bottom as millet storage
Entrance
Hiiking and driving
Reservoir
Collecting and storing water
Movable Platform
Transporting visitor to museum
Moving millet to storage during harvest season Connect to museum for bigger ritual space
Walkway
For tourist to walk on or to watch the ceremony
Water Fillter
Collecting and storing water
Excessive water from farming filltered down to reservoir
Millet Feild
Main crop for Taroko people Harvested every summer
Ridge of feild
For farmers to walk in between the millet feild
3
Movable Platform
Moving millet to storage
Underground Storage Store the grains
Ferment it into millet wine
Millet
Wine P
ipe Exce
ssive
Wate rD
raina
300 Meters
age
Millet Wine Faucet
Bottling and exporting
Bsngan Village
Liwu River
Harvest Mode
Ritual Mode
Museum Mode
Normal Day
Special Event Lighting
C 0 M 20 Y 100 K 0 R 253 G208 B 0 Pantone 109 C #0F345B
C100 M 90 Y 50 K 10 R15 G52 B91 Pantone 534 C #0F345B
ADULT 15
DISCOUNT 8
12 pt Helvetica Bold / 0.4mm Radius
Social
Aboriginesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Land Right
Traditional Area
Ritual
Culture Passing Down
Culture Experiencing
Farmland
Increase Awareness
Environmental Education
Environmental
Museum
R
Reservoir
R
Flood and Drought
Lan
CONCLUTION Millet Growing
Economic
Ridge of Feild
Tourist Industry
Retaining Wall
Cement Industry
ndslide Hazard
Main Stream
Minor Stream
Environmental Disruption
Physical Issue
Result
It’s a new era now, physical goods are no longer a promise to fortune. What more precious are irreplicable knowledge, culture, and memories. The strategy of my proposal is not only focusing on master planning but also cares about how to support the local’s living and a way to pass down the culture. From researching this topic, I’m glad to notice that the environmental awareness of the public is rising over time, and hope the tragedy will not happen again.