Chapter
8
Objectives
Pain Management and Pharmacology
Upon completion of this chapter, the reader should be able to identify and understand terms related to the following: 1. Description of pain and methods to relieve distress. Discuss the meaning of pain and ways to relieve and control pain. 2. Local anesthesia. Explain the means of administering local anesthesia, and identify the necessary equipment and injection sites. 3. General anesthesia. Explain the conditions for using general anesthesia, the methods used, stages of sedation, and the terms used. 4. Pharmacology and the science of drugs. Define the study of drug agents, explain the difference between generic and brand names, and name the regulatory bodies that are concerned with drugs. 5. Drug interactions with body functions. Discuss how the body reacts when processing drugs and the effects of drugs upon the body systems. 6. Drug forms and methods of distribution. List and identify the various forms in which drugs are delivered. 7. Routes for drug administration. Identify the assorted routes, and give examples of drug administration. 8. Drug prescription content. Describe and explain the different parts of a drug prescription and the federal drug regulatory bodies that control drugs. 9. Classifications and types of drug agents. List and explain the assortment and classification or families of the common drugs.
Description of Pain and Methods to Relieve Distress Pain has been described as a physical or mental suffering or distress with a variety of sources. Pain may come from emotional factors, or it may be a reaction to injury, illness, or body sickness. Each person has an individual threshold of pain (ability to withstand pain) that is either hypokinetic (high-poh-kih-NETick; hypo = under, kinetic = energy), which is associated with high t olerance for pain, or hyperkinetic (high-per-kih-NET-ick; hyper = over, kinetic = energy), 145 Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
