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s]m-bv-°p-Xn-c-bp-sS \m-emw-Im
by Promise
hn-I-e-am-b C-¥y≥ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ A-ÿn-hm-cw hn-I-e-am-b am[y-a {]-h¿-Ø-\-am-Wv. A-sX, P-\m-[n-]-Xy-sa-∂ s]m-bv-°p-Xn-c-bp-sS \m-emw Im-em-Wv C-∂v C-¥y≥ am-[y-a-߃. hn-h-c-ß-fp-sS cm-jv-{So-bsØ-°p-dn-®p-≈ k-Rv-P-bv N-{I-h¿-Øn-bp-sS ]p-kv-X-Iw ]-cn-N-bs∏-Sp-Øp-∂p: The Politics of Information from Manu to Modi
A-\n¬ tN-te-{º
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hn-h-c-ß-fp-sS a-lm-{]-f-b -Ime-am-Wn-Xv. hn-h-c-߃ \¬-Ip-∂ t{km-X- p-I-fpw G-P≥-kn-I-fpw \n-c-h-[n-bm-Wv. hn-h-c-ß-fp-sS Itºm-f-Øn¬ I-Sp-Ø a¬-k-c-amWv \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂-Xv. em-`-ap-≠m°m-\pw {i-≤- ]n-Sn-®p-]-‰m-\pw th≠n-bp-≈ a¬-k-c-am-W-Xv. cm-{„ob-Øn-epw km-aq-ly -Po-hn-X-Ønepw Cu a¬-k-cw kr-„n-°p-∂ B-Lm-Xw sN-dp-X-√. h-kv-Xp-X-Ifp-sS e-fn-X-h¬-°-c-W-hpw ]n-Sn-®p]-‰-epw k-¶o¿-Æ-am-b km-aq-ly-
L-S-\-bn¬ 'k-Xy'sØ D¬-∏m-Zn∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. Cu k-Xy-ß-fm-Wv C-∂v C-¥y-bn-se Pm-Xn-˛-a-X-kz-Xz\n¿-Ωn-Xn-°v ]-e-t∏m-gpw A-Sn-ÿm\-am-bn {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-Xv. Pm-Xn˛-a-X- kz-Xz-ß-fm-Wv I-gn-™ c-≠v \q-‰m-≠n-\n-S-bn¬ C-¥y≥ cm-{„ob-sØ \n¿-Æ-bn-®-Xv. hn-h-c-bp-KØn¬ A-Xv ]p-Xn-b- L-´-Øn-te°v {]-th-in-®n-cn-°p-∂p. C-∂v C¥y≥-k-aq-l-Øn¬ D-b¿-∂p-h-∂ncn-°p-∂ X¿-°-߃ A-Xn-Po-h-\]-c-am-Wv. C-¥y≥-P-\-X \n-e-\n¬°-W-tam th-≠-tbm F-∂-Xm-Wv {]-k-‡-am-b tNm-Zyw. ln-μp Ah-t_m-[-hpw Z-fn-Xv A-h-t_m-[hpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ kw-L¿-jw C-∂v {]-_-e-am-Wv. N-cn-{X-Øn-\pw kzXz-Øn-\pw ta-ep-≈ A-h-Im-iw B¿-°m-Wv F-∂-Xm-Wv {]-[m-\tNm-Zyw. \yq-\-]-£-ß-fp-sS A-hIm-i-ß-fpw A-h-cp-sS Po-hn-X- bmYm¿-∞y-ß-fpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ sshcp-≤yw aq¿-—n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. tZ-io-bX-bpw ]u-c-kzm-X-{¥y-hpw X-Ωnep-≈ ssh-cp-≤y-hpw Xo-{h-X-c-ambn-´p-≠v. Cu k-a-Im-e k-μ¿-`Øn¬ ]p-Xn-b am-[y-a-߃ hn-X-cWw sN-øp-∂ hn-h-c-߃ G-Xv Xc-Øn-em-Wv k-aq-l-Øn¬ {]-h¿Øn-°p-∂-sX-∂v hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂ ]p-kv-X-I-am-Wv k-Rv-P-bv N-{I-h¿Øn-bp-sS The Politics of Information from Manu to Modi F-∂ ]pkv-X-Iw. '\-sΩ-°p-dn-®p-≈ kXyw' F-∂ H-cp-]io¿-j-I-hpw ]pkv-X-I-Øn-\p-≠v. 2016 s^-{_p-h-cn-bn¬ cm-Pyt{Zm-l-°p-‰w Np-a-Øn Zn-√n t]meo-kv I-\-ø-Ip-am¿ F-∂ hn-Zym¿∞n t\-Xm-hn-s\ A-d-Ãp-sN-bv-X kw-`-h-sØ am[y-a-߃ ]-cn-N-cn® co-Xn hn-i-I-e-\w sN-bv-Xp-sIm≠m-Wv Cu ]p-kv-X-Iw -B-cw-`n°p-∂-Xv. C-¥y≥ cm-{„o-bw H-ckw-_-‘ -\m-S-I-am-Ip-∂-Xn-s‚ hnNn-{X-am-b D-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv I-\-øIp-am-dn-s‚ A-d-Ãpw Xp-S¿-∂p-≠mb kw-`-h-ß-fpw. I-\-ø-Ip-am-dn-s\ A-d-Ãp sN-bv-X A-tX-Zn-h-kw lcn-bm-\-bn¬ Qm-´v hn-`m-K-°m-cpsS H-cp k-a-cw B-cw-`n-®p. C-h c≠pw c-≠v hn-j-b-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. Qm-´v hn-`m-K-°m-sc 'C-X-c ]nt∂m-°-hn-`m-Kw' (H._n.kn) F-∂ K-W-Øn¬- s]-Sp-Ø-W-sa-∂m-h-iys∏-´m-Wv Qm-´v B-c-£¨ kwL¿-jv k-an-Xn A-h-cp-sS {]-t£m`w B-cw-`n-®-Xv. D-tZym-K-ß-fn-epw sXm-gn-en-epw kw-h-c-Wm-\p-Iq-eyw t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°p-I F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p k-a-c-Øn-s‚ e-£yw. F-∂m¬ Qm-´v hn-`m-K-°-mcp-sS k-a-c-Øns\-Xn-cm-bn 35 Pm-Xn-°m¿ kw-bp‡-am-bn kw-L-Sn-®v a-s‰m-cp {]ÿm-\-Øn-\v cq-]w \¬-In. A-tXk-a-bw I-\-ø-Ip-am-dn-s‚ k-a-c-Øns\-Xn-sc H-cp Iq-´w A-`n-`m-j-I¿ cw-K-Øp-h-∂n-cp-∂p. h-f-sc bm-Zr—n-I-am-bn Cu A-`n-`m-j-I¿ Qm´v k-a-c-°m-cm-sW-∂v sX-‰n-≤-cn-®v _n-c-Z-cn kw-L¿-jv k-an-Xn (Qm´v k-a-c-sØ F-Xn¿-Ø-h-cp-sS ka-c-th-Zn) {]-h¿-Ø-I¿ A-h-sc Ib-dn X-√n. (I-\-ø-Ip-am-dn-s\ tImS-Xn-h-f-∏n¬ -sh-®v A-`n-`m-j-I¿ I-tø-‰w sN-bv-X kw-`-h-sØ-b-√ C-hn-sS D-≤-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A-Xn-\p-apºm-Wv Cu kw-`-hw \-S-∂-Xv) AtXm-sS Zn-√n-bn-em-sI I-em-]w IØn-∏-S¿-∂p. 2016 s^-{_p-h-cn 18\m-Wv Cu kw-`-h-߃ A-c-tßdn-b-Xv. 19˛mw Xo-ø-Xn-ap-X¬ ]-ebn-S-ß-fpw kw-L¿-j-`-cn-X-am-bn. 30 B-fp-Iƒ sIm-√-s∏-´p. \q-dp I-W-°n-\m-fp-Iƒ-°v ]-cn-t°-‰p. 500 te-sd Xo-h-≠n k¿-Δo-kpIƒ Xm-dp-am-dm-bn. 34000 tIm-Sn
cq-]-bp-sS ap-X¬ \-in-∏n-°-s∏-´p. Kq¿-Km-hv, Zn-√n F-∂n-hn-S-ß-fn-te°p-≈ Ip-Sn-sh-≈ hn-X-c-Ww X-S -s∏-´p. C-¥y≥ cm-{„o-b-hp-am-bn ]-cnN-b-an-√m-Ø H-cmƒ-°v C-sX-√mw tIƒ-°p-tºmƒ H-c-kw-_-‘ \mS-I-am-bn tXm-∂n-bm¬ A¬-`p-Xs∏-Sm-\n-√. tem-I-tØ-sX-¶n-epw Hcp P-\-X X-ß-sf "]n-t∂m-°-°mcm-bn' ]-cn-K-Wn-°-W-sa-∂m-h-iys∏-Sp-∂-Xv A¤p-X-I-c-am-b Im-cyam-Wv. sX-‰m-b hn-h-c-ß-fp-sS hym]-\w ]-c-kv-]-c- _-‘-an-√m-Ø c≠v k-a-c-ß-sf H-∂m-°n am-‰p-∂Xpw hn-Nn-{X-am-b A-\p-`-h-am-Wv. C-ß-s\ C-¥y≥ cm-{„o-bw- X-s∂ A-kw-_-‘ \m-S-I-am-Ip-∂-Xn-s\°p-dn-®v kq-Nn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv Cu ]p-kv-X-Iw B-cw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. hn-h-c-ß-tf-°mƒ sX-‰m-b hn-h-cß-tfm-Sm-Wv C-¥y-°m¿-°v C-t∏mgpw {]n-bw. A-°m-cyw C-hn-sS-bp≈ am-[y-a-߃-°pw A-dn-bmw. I\-ø-Ip-am-dn-s‚ Im-cy-Øn¬-X-s∂ A-Xm-Wv kw-`-hn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. sP. F≥. bp. Im-º-kn¬ cm-Py-t{Zml-]-c-am-b {]-kw-Kw \-S-Øn-b-Xn\pw hn-Zym¿-∞n-I-sf {]-tIm-]n-∏n®-Xn-\p-am-Wv I-\-ø-Ip-am¿ A-d-Ãp sN-ø-s∏-´-Xv. F-∂m¬ b-Ym¿-∞Øn¬ C-ß-s\ H-cp kw-`-hw \-S∂-Xn-\v sX-fn-shm-∂p-an-√. Nn-e Dulm-t]m-l-߃, sI-´p-I-Y-Iƒ, hym-P t^m-t´m-Iƒ, ho-Un-tbmIƒ F-∂n-h-sbm-s°-bm-Wv sXfn-hp-Iƒ F-∂ t]-cn¬ am-[y-a߃ {]-N-cn-∏n-®-Xv. b-Ym¿-∞-amb hn-h-c-ß-tf-°mƒ h-kv-Xp-X-Isf-°p-dn-®p-≈ A-⁄-X-bm-Wv C¥y≥ cm-{„o-b-Øn-\m-[m-cw. C-¥y≥ cm-{„o-b-Øn-se tI{μ -{]-ta-b-ß-fn-sem-∂m-Wv Pm-Xn kw-h-c-Ww. F-∂m¬ hn-h-c- kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-bp-sS Cu bp-K-Ønepw C-¥y-bn-se Pm-Xn-I-sf-°p-dn®p-≈ i-cn-bm-b H-cp hn-h-c-hpw e`y-a-√ F-∂-Xm-Wv h-kv-Xp-X. Cu A-⁄-X-°p -ap-I-fn-em-Wv C¥y≥ cm-{„o-bw A-Xn-s‚ A-kvXn-hm-c-ap-d-∏n-®n-´p-≈-Xv. l-cn-bm-\bn-se Qm-´p-I-fp-sS k-a-cw ]n-∂oSv Kp-P-dm-Øn-se ]-t´¬ hn-`m-K°m-cpw a-lm-cm-{„-bn-se a-dm-ØI-fpw G-s‰-Sp-Øp. X-ß-tf-bpw ]nt∂m-°-°m-cm-bn ]-cn-K-Wn-°-Wsa-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p A-h-cp-sS B-hiyw. X-ß-sf ]n-t∂m-°-°m-cm-bn ]-cn-K-Wn-°m≥ X-øm-d-s√-¶n¬ kw-h-c-Ww- X-s∂ A-h-km-\n-∏n°-Ww F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p A-h-cp-sS ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw. Kp-P-dm-Øn-se ]t´¬ Pm-Xn-°m¿ A-Xn-k-º-∂-cmb `q-kzm-an-am-cm-Wv. "]-Sn-Zm¿' F∂-dn-b-s∏-´ A-h-sc-bm-Wv {_n-´ojp-Im¿ `q-\n-Ip-Xn ]n-cn-°m≥ G¿∏m-Sm-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. A-°m-ew apX-te A-[n-Im-c-ap-≈-h-cm-W-h¿. ]t´¬ hn-`m-K-°m-sc ]n-t∂m-°-°mcm-bn ]-cn-K-Wn-°-W-sa-∂m-h-iys∏-´p-sIm-≠v k-a-cw \-S-°p-∂ Ime-Øv B-\-μn-s_≥ B-bn-cp-∂p Kp-P-dm-Øv ap-Jy-a-{¥n. A-h¿ ]t´¬ hn-`m-K-Øn¬-s∏-´-h-cm-Wv. \nc-h-[n-bm-b A-[n-Im-c ÿm-\-ßfn¬ C-h¿ A-h-tcm-[n-°-s∏-´n-´p≠v. h-√-`-`m-bn ]-t´-en-s‚ ]-Sp-Iq‰≥ {]-Xn-a-bm-Wv {]-[m-\-a-{¥n \mSn-\m-bn k-a¿-∏n-®-Xv. A-[n-Im-c-hpw k-º-Øp-ap-≈ Cu hn-`m-Kw Fß-s\-bm-Wv ]n-t∂m-°-°m-cm-hp-I F-∂ tNm-Zyw B-cpw tNm-Zn-°mdn-√. l-cn-bm-\-bn-se Qm-´p-I-fpsS Im-cy-hpw k-am-\-am-Wv. ap-t∂m°-°m-cn-se ]n-t∂m-°-°m¿-°v 10% kw-h-c-Ww F-∂ \n-b-aw tI{μw {]-Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xv Cu k-μ¿`-Øn-em-Wv. ]-c-kv-]-c- _-‘-an-√msX Xp-S-ßp-I-bpw A-Sn-I-e-i-eneq-sS H-∂m-bn-Øo-cp-I-bpw sN-bvX c-≠v k-a-c-ß-fn-sem-∂n-s‚ IY C-ß-s\ t]m-Ip-∂p. C-\n I-\-ø-Ip-am-dn-s\-¥v kw`-hn-®p F-∂v t\m-°mw. I-\-ø-Ipam¿ kw-km-cn-®-t∏mƒ tc-J-s∏-SpØn-b-Xm-sW-∂ t]-cn¬ ]p-d-Øph-∂ H-cp ho-Un-tbm-sb ap≥-\n¿Øn-bm-Wv A-t±-l-Øn-s\-Xn-sc cmPy-t{Zm-l-°p-‰w Np-a-Øn U¬-ln t]m-eo-kv tI-sk-Sp-Ø-Xv. Cu hoUn-tbm A-Xn-\-Iw km-aq-ly -am[y-a-ß-fn¬ {]-N-cn-°p-I-bpw sS-enhn-j≥ Nm-\-ep-Iƒ N¿-®-s°-Sp°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. am-k-߃-°pti-jw t^m-d≥-kn-Iv hn-`m-Kw Cu ho-Un-tbm hym-P-am-sW-∂v I-s≠Øn. ]-s£ Zn-√n-t]m-eo-kv Xn-cpØm≥ X-øm-dm-bn-√. t^m-d≥-knIv dn-t∏m¿-´v Im-cy-am-b hm¿-Ø-bmb-Xp-an-√. I-\-ø-Ip-am-dn-t\-bpw kplr-Øp-°-tf-bpw \n-g-en¬ \n¿-Øn B hn-j-bw Ip-td-°m-ew ]p-I™p. Cu c-≠v kw-`-h-߃ ]-cntim-[n-®m¬ H-∂v hn-h-c-ß-fp-sS A-`m-hw-sIm-≠pw a-s‰m-∂v sX-‰mb hn-h-c-߃-sIm-≠pw kr-„n-°s∏-´-h-bm-sW-∂v Im-Wmw. Cu c≠v km-l-N-cy-ß-fpw k-Xy-sØ
"\n¿-Ωn-°m≥' k-lm-bn-°p-∂p. Cu k-μ¿-`-sØ cm-{„o-b-°m-cpw _p-≤n-Po-hn-I-fpw am-[y-a-ß-fpw Hc-h-k-c-am-bn I-W-°m-°p-∂p. F√m-h-cpw I-f-hp- ]-d-bp-tºm-gpw kXy-Øn-\p-ta¬ A-h-Im-i-hm-Zw D∂-bn-°p-∂p. C-Xm-Wv C-Xn-\-Iw {]-i-kv-X-am-bn-°-gn-™ "k-Xym-\¥-c' k-aq-lw. "k-Xy'Øn-\p-ta-ep≈ A-h-Im-i-hm-Z-߃ kr-„n-°p∂ kw-L¿-j-am-Wv C-¥y≥ cm{„o-b-Øn-s‚ D-≈-S-°w. C-°m-cyam-Wv k-Rv-P-bv N-{I-h¿-Øn X-s‚ ]p-kv-X-I-Øn¬ hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°p∂Xv. H-cp P-\m-[n-]-Xy- k-aq-lØn¬ hn-h-c-߃-°v h-en-b {]m[m-\y-ap-≠v. Im-c-Ww hn-h-c-߃sIm-≠m-Wv k-Xyw sI-´n-bp-b¿Øp-∂-Xv. hn-h-c-ß-fp-sS k-am-lc-W-hpw t{Im-Uo-I-c-W-hp-am-Wv kXy-sØ kr-„n-°p-∂-Xv. A-ßns\ h-cp-tºmƒ k-Xy-sØ-°mƒ ap-t∂ \mw ]-cn-K-Wn-t°-≠-Xv hnh-c-ß-sf-bm-sW-∂v h-cpw. am-[y-a߃ \n¿-Æm-b-I-am-bn- Xo-cp-∂-Xß-s\-bm-Wv. hn-h-cw F-∂-se-¥v? H-cp {]-kv-Xm-h-\-sb hn-h-c-am-bn Aw-Ko-I-cn-t°-≠-Xm-cm-Wv? F-ßs\-bm-Wv A-h D¬-∏m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏Sp-∂-Xv? Xp-S-ßn-b tNm-Zy-ß-fp-∂-
bn-®m-Wv Cu ]p-kv-X-Iw A-Xn-s‚ N¿-® t{Im-Uo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. H-c¿∞-Øn¬ hn-h-c-ß-fp-sS cm-{„o-bam-Wv C-Xn-s‚ {]-ta-bw. sIm-tfmWn-b¬- Im-ew-ap-X¬ C-¥y-bn¬ hn-h-c-߃ \n¿-Ωn-°-s∏-´-Xn-s‚ N-cn-{Xw C-Xn¬ A-t\z-jn-°p-∂p≠v. A-[n-Im-cw, km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy, e-fn-X-h¬-°-c-Ww F-∂o aq-∂v Nc-ß-fm-Wv A-dn-hn-s‚ cm-{„o-bsØ cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. hn-h-c cq-]o-I-c-W-Øn¬ G-‰-hpw {]-[m\w kw-h¿-§-ß-fm-Wv. kw-h¿-§ßƒ-°v cq-]w \¬-Ip-∂-Xv A-[nIm-c-Øn-ep-≈-h-cm-Wv. ]-´n-I-Pm-Xn, ]-´n-I-h¿-§w, D-]-Pm-Xn, Z-cn-{Z¿, hnI-k-\w F-∂n-h-sb-√mw A-[n-Imcn-Iƒ Xo¿-°p-∂ kw-h¿-§-ß-fmWv. Cu kw-h¿-§-߃-°-I-ØmWv hn-h-c-߃ D¬-∏m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂Xv. hn-h-c-km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy Iq-SpX¬ P-\-ß-fn-te-°v hn-h-c-߃ FØn-°p-∂p F-∂-Xv h-kv-Xp-X-bmWv. F-∂m¬ hn-h-c-ß-fp-sS [m-cmfn-Øw i-cn-bm-b Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏ns\ A-km-≤y-am-°p-∂p. k-Xym-kXy-߃ Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn¬-\n-∂v A-Xv \-sΩ h-en-b A-f-hn¬ X-Sbp-∂p. ]-s£ P-\-߃ F-¥-dnb-Ww F-¥v hn-iz-kn-°-Ww F∂-Xn-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\w km-t¶-XnI hn-Zy-X-s∂ F-∂v h-∂n-cn-°p∂p. k-Xyw F-∂-Xv F-√m-bv-t∏mgpw h-f-sc k-¶o¿-Æ-am-Wv. F∂m¬ a-\p-jy¿-°v k-¶o¿-Æ-X-Isf A-tX-hn-[w {K-ln-°m-\m-hn-s√∂ ]-cn-an-Xn-bp-≠v. B-b-Xn-\m¬ ssh-cp-≤y-߃, k-¶¬-∏-\-߃, kw-h¿-§-߃ F-∂n-h-bp-sS A-Snÿm-\-Øn-em-Wv \mw bm-Ym¿∞y-sØ a-\- n-em-°m≥ {i-an°m-dp-≈-Xv. k-¶o¿-Æ-am-b {]-]©- h-kv-Xp-X-I-sf-°p-dn-®v C-Øc-Øn¬ A-dn-hp-≠m-°p-∂-Xv {]-]©-sØ `m-Kn-I-am-sb-¶n-epw a-\ n-em-°m≥ \-sΩ k-lm-bn-°psa-¶n¬ km-aq-ly- Po-hn-X-sØ-°pdn-®v e-fn-X-h¬-°-cn-® A-dn-hp¬∏m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv ]-e-t∏m-gpw {]-Xntem-a-I-c-am-b ^-e-ß-fp-≠m-°pw. F-∂m¬ Cu e-fn-X-h¬-°-c-W-amWv A-[n-Im-c-sØ Xp-W-°p-∂-Xv. ]p-Xn-b km-t¶-Xn-I -hn-Zy-bp-sS bp‡n Cu e-fn-X-h¬-°-c-W-am-Wv. hn-h-c-ß-fp-sS Kp-W-sØ \n¿-Æbn-°p-∂-Xn¬ C-Xv {]-[m-\-L-S-Iam-bn {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p. hn-h-c-ß-fp-sS-ta¬ C-¥y-bnse km-[m-c-W-°m¿-°v h-f-sc-°pd-®p-am-{Xw A-[n-Im-c-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂t∏m-fm-Wv Pm-Xn, a-Xw Xp-S-ßn-b kw-h¿-§-ß-sf A-[n-I-cn-®v sImtfm-Wn-b¬ b-P-am-\≥-am¿ C¥y≥ k-aq-l-sØ-°p-dn-®v [m-cmfw A-dn-hv D¬-∏m-Zn-∏n-®-Xv. a-\pkv-ar-Xn t]m-ep-≈ {_m-“-Wn-I]mT-ß-sf {]-Xn-jvTn-®p-sIm-≠mWv A-h¿ Cu Zu-Xyw \n-d-th-‰nb-Xv. C-¥y-sb-°p-dn-®p-≈ e-fn-Xh¬-°-cn-® Cu A-dn-hv {_n-´o-jpIm-sc kw-_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw ku-I-cy-{]-Z-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]-s£ AXv kr-„n-® {]-Xn-tem-a-]-c-X-bn¬\n-∂v \-ap-°n-t∏m-gpw ]p-d-Øp-I-S°m-\m-bn-´n-√. C-¥y-bn-se a-X-ßsf-°p-dn-®v C-∂v \-ap-°p-≈ A-dnhv {_n-´o-jp-Im¿ kr-„n-®-Xm-Wv. ln-μp-a-Xw F-∂-Xv C-Δn-[w e-fnX-h¬-Ir-X-am-b H-cp sIm-tfm-Wnb¬ -bp-‡n-bn¬-\n-∂p-≠m-b-XmWv. C-¥y-bp-sS B-[p-\n-I -N-cn{Xw B-Zy-am-bn c-Nn-®-Xpw ]m-›mXy -am-Xr-I-bn¬ B-Zy-am-bn C¥y≥-Im-t\-jp-am-cn \-S-∂-Xpw {_n´o-jv `-c-W-Øn-em-Wv. sIm-tfm-Wnb-en-kw C-¥y-sb-°p-dn-®v \n¿-Ωn® hn-h-c-ß-sf hn-a¿-i-\m-fl-I-ambn hn-e-bn-cp-Øp-∂ ]T-\-߃ ASp-Ø-Im-e-Øm-bn D-≠m-Ip-∂p-s≠¶n-epw A-h-°v h-en-b-tXm-Xn¬ kzm-[o-\w sN-ep-Øm≥ I-gn-bp-∂n√. C-¥y-bn-se ]-e-X-cw kz-Xz- cq]o-I-c-W-߃-°pw B-[m-c-am-bn h¿-Øn-°p-∂-Xv sIm-tfm-Wn-b¬ kw-h¿-§-ß-fpw A-h-bp-sS A-Snÿm-\-Øn¬ \n¿-Ωn-°-s∏-´ hn-hc-ß-fp-am-Wv. Cu ]p-kv-X-I-Øns‚ B-Zy-`m-Kw C-°m-cy-ß-fm-Wv hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. sIm-tfm-Wn-b¬ Im-e-Øv hnh-c-ß-fp-sS A-]-cym-]v-X-X-bm-Wv \n-e-\n-∂n-cp-∂-sX-¶n¬ ]p-Xn-b am[y-a-ß-fp-sS Im-e-Øv hn-h-c-ß-fpsS B-[n-Iy-am-Wv \mw A-\p-`-hn°p-∂-Xv. F-∂m¬ Cu km-l-Ncy-hpw sIm-tfm-Wn-b-en-kw \n¿-Δln-® {_m-“-Wn-°¬ {]-Xn-jvTm]-\-sØ X-I¿-°m≥ ]-cym-]v-X-amIp-∂n-√. C-Xn-\p- Im-c-Ww ]p-Xpam-[y-a-ß-fn-eq-sS D¬-∏m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏Sp-I-bpw hn-X-c-Ww sN-ø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sN-øp-∂ hn-h-c-ß-fp-sS ]-£]m-Xn-Xzw X-s∂-bm-Wv. B-b-Xn\m¬ hn-h-c-ß-tf-°mƒ ]-£-]mXn-Xz-ß-fm-Wv am-[y-a-ß-fn-eq-sS A-h-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. C-Xp-aqew hn-h-c-߃-s°m-∂pw km-am-\yam-bn kzo-I-cn-°m-hp-∂ k-Xy-Øns‚ ]-Z-hn e-`n-°p-∂n-√. A-Xp-sIm≠p-X-s∂ kz-¥w ap≥-hn-[n-I-sf D-d-∏n-°m≥ am-{X-am-Wv ]p-Xp- am[y-a-߃ D-]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. A-®-Sn-bp-sS {]m-cw-`-Im-e-Øv am≤y-a-߃ a-\p-jy-cp-sS A-`n-{]m-bß-sf kzm-[o-\n-°p-I-bpw A-h-sc ]p-\¿-\n¿-Ωn-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xn-cp∂p. F-∂m¬ \-h -am-[y-a-ß-fp-sS Im-e-Øv A-Ø-c-sam-cp ]-cn-h¿-Ø\w a-\p-jy¿-°v kw-`-hn-°p-∂n-√. Cu Ip-dn-∏n-s‚ Xp-S-°-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-®-Xp-t]m-se X-ß-fp-sS ]-£]m-Xn-Xz-tØm-Sv Iq-Sp-X¬ {]-Xn-_≤-X-bp-≈-h¿-°v i-cn-bm-b hm¿-Øtb-°mƒ hym-P -hm¿-Ø-I-fm-Wv B-h-iyw. A-Xm-Wv C-∂v am[y-a߃ sh-°p-∂-Xpw hn-f-ºp-∂-Xpw. 1990Iƒ-°p-ti-jw C-¥y-bpsS "hn-h-c-°-tºm-fw' kv-t^m-S-\mfl-I-am-bn h-f¿-∂n-´p-≠v. B-Zy L-´-Øn¬ ]q¿-Æ-am-bpw `-c-W-IqS-am-Wv Zr-iy-˛-{im-hy am-[y-a-ß-sf \n-b-{¥n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. F-∂m¬ sXmÆq-dp-Iƒ-°p-ti-jw C-h-sb-√mw kz-Im-cy -aq-e-[-\-i-‡n-Iƒ-°v Xpd-∂p-sIm-Sp-°-s∏-´p. Xp-S¿-∂v C‚¿-s\-‰pw sam-ss_¬-t^m-Wpw hym-]-I-am-bn. A-®-Sn-am-[y-a-߃ km-£-c-sc -am-{Xw B-{i-bn-®m-Wv \n-e-\n-∂-Xv. F-∂m¬ sam-ss_¬t^m¨ C-¥y≥- {Km-ao-W-Po-hn-XØn-te-°v A-Xn-th-Kw Xp-f-®p-Ib-dn. 2017se I-W-°-\p-k-cn-®v C¥y-bn-se 70 i-X-am-\-Øn-\pw samss_¬-t^m-Wp-≠v. C-h-bn¬ aq∂n-sem-∂v kv-am¿-´v t^m-Wp-I-fmWv. tem-I-Øv G-‰-hpw-Iq-Sp-X¬ t^-kv-_p-°v D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h¿ C-¥y-bn-em-Wv! 30 C-¥y≥ `m-jI-fn¬ bq-Syq-_v Nm-\-ep-I-fp-≠v. C-tXm-sS am-[y-a-{]-]-©w kw-kv°m-c- hy-h-km-b-Øn-s‚ I-tºmf-am-bn am-dn. D-cp-f-°n-g-ßpw jqhpw-t]m-se hn¬-°m-\p-≈ N-c-°pI-fm-bn hm¿-Ø-Iƒ ]-cn-N-cn-°-s∏´p. ]-Ww -sIm-Sp-Øv hm¿-Ø-bp≠m-°m-\pw {]-N-cn-∏n-°m-\pw Ign-bpw F-∂v h-∂p. A-tXm-sS t{iWo-Ir-X A-k-a-XzsØ am-≤y-a-ßfpw ]p-\-cp¬-∏m-Zn-∏n-°m≥ Xp-Sßn. hn-I-e-am-b C-¥y≥- P-\m-[n]-Xy-Øn-s‚ A-ÿn-hm-cw hn-I-eam-b am-[y-a -{]-h¿-Ø-\-am-sW-∂v {]-kq¨ tkm¨-hmƒ-°¿ F-∂ ]-{X-{]-h¿-Ø-I≥ \n-co-£n-°p-∂p≠v. A-sX, P-\m-[n-]-Xy-sa-∂ s]m-bv-°p-Xn-c-bp-sS \m-emw Im-emWv C-∂v C-¥y≥ am-[y-a-߃!
Pm-Xn-sb-°p-dn-®v A-©v an-Øp-Iƒ
I-hn≥ am-en-\n
hn-h: Achnμv C‚oPn\kv
k-h¿-W Pm-Xnhn-`m-K-߃ i‡-am-b C-S-ß-fn-se-√mw Pm-Xn ku-I-cy-{]-Z-am-bn H-fn-∏n-®p-sh-®ncn-°p-I-bm-Wv. C-Ø-cw C-S-ß-fn¬ Pm-Xn-bp-sS D-®-\o-N-Xz-ß-sf-°pdn-®p-≈ H-cp N¿-®-bp-an-√ F-∂pam-{X-a-√ Pm-Xnhn-th-N-\w Ku-c-hX-c-am-b {]-iv-\-a-s√-∂v I-cp-Xn-t∏mcp-I-bpw sN-øp-∂p. e-fn-X-am-bn ]d-™m¬, k-h¿-W `m-h-\-bn¬\n∂v Pm-Xn C-√m-Xm-Ip-tºm-gpw, PmXn hn-th-N-\-]-c-am-b L-S-I-ß-sf k-h¿-W¿ kq-£v-a-am-bn sIm-≠p\-S-°p-∂p. k-h¿-W¿ Aw-Ko-I-cn-®m-epw C-s√-¶n-epw C-¥y-bn¬ Pm-Xn A\m-Zn-Im-ew sXm-t´ Po-hn-X-sØ-
bpw D-]-Po-h-\-sØ-bpw cq-]-s∏-SpØn-bn-´p-≈ k¿-h-hym-]n-bm-b H∂m-Wv. H-cm-fp-sS ssZ-\w-Zn-\ C-Ss]-S-ep-I-fn¬ Pm-Xn A-[o-i-Xz t_m-[y-߃ \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂-Xv hf-sc k¿-h km-[m-c-W-am-Wv. Cu ]-´n-I, G-Xm-\pw Pm-Xo-hn-th-N-\ an-Øp-I-sf Ip-dn-®v hn-i-Zo-I-cn°m≥ {i-an-°p-∂p. 01. Pm-Xn F-∂-Xv H-cp ]-g-b Im-cy-am-Wv
H-cmƒ A-h-cp-sS Po-hn-X-Ønse G-sX-¶n-epw L-´-Øn¬ tIƒ°m≥ \n¿-_-‘n-X-cm-Ip-∂ G-‰hpw km-[m-c-W-am-b an-Øp-I-fn¬ H-∂m-Wn-Xv. Nn-e `-c-W-L-S-\m kwc-£-W \-b-߃ Im-c-Ww kz-X{¥m-\-¥-c C-¥y-bn¬ Pm-Xn C√m-Xm-°-s∏-´p F-∂ sX-‰m-b [mc-W-bn¬ \n-∂m-Wv Cu hm-Zw D-Sse-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. ÿm-]-\-h¬-°-cn°-s∏-´ hn-th-N-\-Øn-s‚ L-S-\bm-Wv Pm-Xn F-∂-Xm-Wv h-kv-XpX. C-¥y-bp-sS am-{X-a-√ a-‰v Z-£ntW-jy≥ cm-Py-ß-fp-sS-bpw kmaq-ly-L-S-\-bn¬ C-Xv h-f-sc-b-[nIw A-¥¿-eo-\-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. sXm-gn¬, hn-Zym-`ym-kw, k-ap-Zm-bß-fp-sS hn-`-hm-[n-Im-cw F-∂n-hbn-te-°p-≈ A-h-k-c-ß-fp-sS tXmXv C-Xv \n¿-Æ-bn-°p-∂p. \-Ωƒ F-hn-sS-bm-Wv Po-hn-°p-∂-Xv, \-ΩpsS _-‘-߃ F-ß-s\ {]-h¿Øn-°p-∂p, \-ap-°v F-{X-tØm-fw km-aq-ln-I N-e-\m-fl-I-X e-`n-°p∂p F-∂n-h-b-S-°w \-Ωp-sS Pohn-X-Øn-se G-‰-hpw {]-[m-\-s∏-´ h-i-ß-sf-√mw Pm-Xn cq-]-s∏-SpØp∂p. C-¥y≥ tZ-i cm-{„-Øn¬ Zen-Xv, _-lp-P≥, B-Zn-hm-kn kap-Zm-b-߃ Pm-Xn A-{I-a-Øn-s‚ Xp-S¿-®-bn-em-Wv ]n-d-hn sIm-≈p∂-Xv. Rm≥ C-Xv F-gp-Xp-tºmgpw, \n-ß-fn-Xv hm-bn-°p-tºm-gpw A-Xv Xp-S-cp-∂p. Cu k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fn-se Aw-K-ß-sf A-h-cp-sS kz-Xz-]-Zhn Im-c-Ww hym-]-I-am-bn D-]-{Zhn-°p-I-bpw sIm-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sN-øp-∂p. Cu kw-`-h-߃ {_m-“-Wy i-‡n-I-fp-sS ssI-hi-ap-≈ am-[y-a-߃ an-°-hm-dpw dnt∏m¿´v sN-øm-dn-√. ssh-⁄m-\nI C-S-ß-fn¬ Z-en-Xv-˛_-lp-P≥ k-ap-Zm-b-ß-sf ap≥-hn-[n-tbm-sS ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xv ap-X¬ ho-´p-tPmen-°m-tcm-Sv {]-I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂ c-£m[n-Im-cn t_m-[w h-sc \o-fp-∂ B{I-a-tWm-’p-I-X Ip-d-™ cq-]-ßfn-epw Pm-Xn hn-th-N-\w Im-Wp∂p. A-Xn-\m¬, C-¥y≥ ]-›mØ-e-Øn¬ Pm-Xn-bp-sS k-a-{K-amb Cu kz-`m-hw I-W-°n-se-Sp-°ptºmƒ, k-h-¿-W¿°v C-Xv A-Zriy-am-°m≥ I-gn-bn-√. Cu Im-eØpw Pm-Xn-hn-th-N-\w \n-e-\n¬°p-∂p. 02. Pm-Xn {Km-a-ß-fn¬ am-{Xw \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂p
k-h¿-W¿ Cu hm-Z-sØ FSp-Øp {]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bpw A-tX k-a-bw ]q-Wq-epw Ip-dn-b-S-bm-f-ßfpw A-S-°-ap-≈ A-h-cp-sS Pm-Xn A-S-bm-f-߃ {]-Z¿-in-∏n-°p-I-bpw sN-øp-∂p. Pm-Xn A-Sn-ÿm-\-am°n-bp-≈ hn-th-N-\w `o-I-c-am-b im-co-cn-I B-{I-a-W-Øn-s‚ cq-]Øn¬ am-{X-ta {]-Xy-£-s∏-Sp-I-bp≈q F-∂ sX-‰m-b [m-c-W-bn¬ \n-∂m-Wv Cu hm-Zw D-b¿-∂p-h-cp∂-Xv. F-∂n-cp-∂m-epw,Pm-Xn F-{Xam-{Xw {Km-ao-W {]-Xn-`m-k-am-tWm A-{X-tØmfw H-cp \-K-c {]-Xn-`mk-hp-am-Wv.
ap-Jy-[m-cm `m-h-\-bn¬ Pm-Xn, hy-‡n-kz-Xz-Øn-s‚ {]-[m-\ A-Sbm-f-am-Ip-∂-Xv {Km-a-ß-fn¬ am-{Xam-Wv. C-Xn-\p t\¿hn-]-co-X-am-bn Pm-Xnt{i-Wn-bn-se G-‰-hpw Xm-sgØ-´n-ep-≈-h¿-°v t]m-epw s]m-Xp D-Xv-]-∂-ß-fpw tk-h-\-ß-fpw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-\m-hp-∂, Po-hn-XØn¬ Iq-Sp-X¬ A-h-k-c-߃ e`y-am-°p-∂ hn-tam-N-\-Øn-s‚ hnf-\n-e-am-bn-´m-Wv \-K-c-ß-sf ]-et∏m-gpw Im-Wp-∂-Xv. C-h-bn¬ `qcn-`m-K-hpw K-th-j-W-Øn-s‚ ]n¥p-W h-f-sc Ip-d-®pam-{Xw e-`n®n-´p-≈ ]q¿-h-Im-e kv-a-c-W-bn-ep≈ A-\p-`-h-ß-fp-sS A-Sn-ÿm-\Øn-ep-≈-h-bm-Wv Pm-Xn-bp-sS A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ]m¿-∏n-S-߃ X-Ωn-ep-≈ th¿-Xncn-hv B-[p-\n-I C-¥y-bp-sS H-cp {]-[m-\ k-hn-ti-j-X-bm-Wv.C-¥ybn-se \-K-c-ß-fn¬, Z-en-Xv hn-`mK-߃ Iq-´-am-bn Xm-a-kn-°p-∂p. A-Sn-ÿm-\ ku-I-cy-ß-fm-b iuNm-e-bw, ip-≤-P-e hn-X-c-Ww F∂nhbnse√mw Cu ]-cn-k-c-ßfn¬ Po-hn-°p-∂-h¿- hn-th-N-\w A\p`hn°p∂p. Iq-Sm-sX, Z-en-XpI-sf A-kw-L-Sn-X ta-J-e-bn-se ip-No-I-c-W-sØm-gn¬ A-S-°-ap≈, B-flm-`n-am-\-ap-b¿-Øm≥ Ign-bm-Ø sXm-gn-ep-I-fn-te-°v X-cwXm-gv-Øp-∂ Pm-Xn A-Sn-ÿm-\-am°n-bp-≈ sXm-gn¬-L-S-\-bpw \-Kc-ß-fn¬ k-Po-h-am-Wv. C-Ø-c-Ønep-≈ th¿-Xn-cn-°-en-s‚ {]-tbmK-Øn¬ sXm-´p-Iq-Sm-bv-a-bp-sS thcp-I-fp-≠v. \-K-c-ß-fn¬ Pm-Xn Iq-Sp-X¬ c-l-ky-am-b co-Xn-bn-em-Wv {]-h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. km-aq-ly-L-S-\-bp-sS hn-`-P-\ kz-`m-hw Im-c-Ww \n-c-h[n C-¥y≥ `m-j-Iƒ hy-Xy-kv-X k-ap-Zm-b-߃ hy-Xy-kv-X-am-b coXn-bn-em-Wv kw-km-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXv A-Sn-®-a¿-Ø-s∏-´ Pm-Xnhn-`m-Kß-fp-sS A-\y-h-Xv-I-c-W-Øn-\v Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p. Pm-Xn A-Sn-ÿm-\am-°n-bp-≈ kz-Pm-Xn- hn-hm-lw \K-c-ß-fn¬ Pm-Xn A-[o-i-Xzw Fß-s\ {]-I-S-am-Ip-∂p F-∂-Xn-s‚ {]-[m-\ D-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv. 03. km-º-Øn-I \n-e-bp-sS A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ kw-h-c-Ww A-\p-h-Zn-°-Ww
k-h¿-W¿ sXm-gn¬, hn-Zym-`ymkw, cm-{„o-b {]m-Xn-\n-[yw F-∂o ta-J-e-I-fn-ep-≈ kw-h-c-W-sØ°p-dn-®v F-√m-bv-t∏m-gpw tam-ßp∂p. kw-h-c-W \-b-߃ tbm-KyX-bp-sS hn-e Ip-d-bv-°p-∂p-sh-∂pw A-h hn-]-co-X Pm-Xn-hm-Z-sØ t{]m-’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂p-sh-∂pw hsc ]-d-bp-∂ \n-e-bn-te-°v A-h¿ \o-ßp-∂p. C-h A-]-I-S-I-c-am-b sX-‰n-≤m-c-W-I-fm-Wv. k-l-{km-–-ß-fm-bn A-h-kc-ß-ƒ \n-tj-[n-°-s∏-´ ]m¿-iz-hXv-I-cn-°-s∏-´ k-ap-Zm-b-߃-°v \„-]-cn-lm-cw \¬-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-≈ B-kq-{Xn-X-am-b H-cp am¿-K-am-Wv kw-h-c-W \-b-߃ F-∂v a-\- nem-t°-≠-Xv {]-[m-\-am-Wv. A-h Zm-cn-{Zy \n¿-am¿-P-\ ]-≤-Xn-b-√. \Ωp-sS cm-Py-Øv sa-dn-‰v H-cp an-Yybm-Wv. kzm-`m-hn-I-am-bpw hn-`-h-ßfn-te-°pw A-h-k-c-ß-fn-te-°p-ap≈ Hm-tcm-cp-Ø-cp-sS-bpw A-[n-Imc-sØ A-h-cp-sS Pm-Xn \n¿-Æ-bn°p-∂-Xp sIm-≠m-Wv H-cp hy-‡n F-{X-am-{Xw "an-I-hv ]p-e¿-Øp-∂p' F-∂-Xv an-Yy-bm-Ip-∂-Xv. k-h¿-W hn-`m-K-Øn¬ \n-∂p-≈-bm-fm-sW∂ ]-Z-hn A-Xn-s‚ Kp-W-t`m-‡m°-sf A-h-cp-sS ]-c-º-cm-K-X PmXn aq-e-[-\-sØ D-]-tbm-Kn-°m-\pw B-[p-\n-I-am-b HutZym-Kn-I kzXz-am-bn A-Xn-s\ ]-cn-h¿-Ø-\w sN-øm-\pw A-\p-h-Zn-°p-tºm-gpw Pm-Xn A-h-cp-sS Po-hn-X-sØ kzm[o-\n-°p-∂n-s√-∂v A-h¿ \-Sn-°pI-bpw sN-øp-∂p. F-∂n-cp-∂m-epw, km-aq-ly -km-º-Øn-I L-S-\-I-fnep-S-\o-fw hn-I-k-\-Øn-\v km-[n°m-sX Io-gm-f¿ A-h-cp-sS Pm-Xnkz-Xzw Pohn®pXo¿-°m≥ \n¿-_‘n-X-cm-Ip-∂p 04. kz-Xz-cm-{„o-b-Øn-s‚ A-]-I-S-I-c-am-b cq-]-am-Wv Z-en-Xv- _-lp-P-\-ß-fp-sS Pm-Xn-hm-Zw
H-cp {]-tXy-I a-X-Øn-t‚-tbm hw-i-Øn-t‚-tbm km-aq-ln-I ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-t‚-tbm A-Sn-ÿm-\Øn¬ B-fp-Iƒ {]-tXy-I cm-{„ob k-Jy-߃ D-≠m-°n ]-c-º-cmK-X-hpw hn-im-e-hp-am-b I-£n-cm{„o-b-Øn¬ \n-∂v am-dn-\n¬-°p-∂ {]-h-W-X-sb B-Wv 'kz-Xz cm-{„obw' F-∂v kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. {_m“-W ta-[m-hn-Xz-Øn-\v `o-j-Wnbm-Wv F-∂p-≈-Xp-sIm-≠v ]-et∏m-gpw Cu {]-tbm-Kw A-h-tlf-\-]-c-am-bn D-]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≠v, {]-tXy-In-®pw Pm-Xn cm-{„o-b-Øns‚ ]-›m-Ø-e-Øn¬. C-Xv A-]I-S-I-c-am-b-Xpw hn-L-S-\ kz-`m-hap-≈-Xp-am-bn I-W-°m-°-s∏-Sp∂p. F-¥p-X-s∂ B-bm-epw, Z-enXv- _-lp-P≥ k-ap-Zm-b-߃ Ah-cp-sS kz-Xzw hn-fn-®p ]-d-bptºmƒ A-Xv {_m-“-Wy-{I-a-sØ B-I-am-\w C-f-n-a-dn-°p-∂p-≠v. Im≥-jn dmw _-lp-P≥ kam-Pv ]m¿-´n ÿm-]n-®-Xv ap-X¬ Zen-Xv-_-lp-P≥ cm-{„o-b hm-Z-߃ A-h-tl-fn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. "kz-Xzcm-{„o-b'Øn-s‚ B-i-b- a-fi-e߃ Pm-Xn kw-h-c-W-sØ Np-‰n∏-‰n-bp-≈ kw-hm-Z-߃ am-{X-am-bn t_m-[-]q¿-hw Np-cp-°-s∏-´p. Pm-Xn, a-X, {]m-tZ-in-I kz-Xzw A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-I F-∂-Xn-ep-]-cn k-aq-l-Øn-se A-[n-Im-c L-S-\°p-≈n¬ `u-Xn-I t\-´-߃ t\Sp-∂-Xn-\m-bp-≈ D-]m-[n-bm-bn kaq-l-Øn-se kz-Xz-ÿm-\-߃ Fß-s\ {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p F-∂-XmWv hn-j-bw. Pm-Xn-bm¬ hym-]-I-am-bn {[pho-I-cn-°-s∏-´ H-cp k-aq-l-Øn¬ ]m¿-iz-h-Xv-I-cn-°-s∏-´ hn-`m-K-߃°v A-h-cp-sS A-h-Im-i-߃ A[n-Im-c-tØm-sS B-h-iy-s∏-Sm≥ Pm-Xn A-Sn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bp-≈ kwL-S-\m-h-Xv-I-c-W-Øn-eq-sS km-[n°pw. A-Ø-cw G-Io-I-c-W ap-t∂‰-߃ \n-cm-ew-_-cm-b hn-`m-K߃-°v km-ap-Zm-bn-I ]n-¥p-W hm-Kv-Zm-\w sN-øp-I-bpw hn-tam-N-
\-]-c-am-sW-∂v sX-fn-bn-°p-I-bpw sN-øpw. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ {]-h¿Ø-\-Øn-epw A-h A-hn-`m-Py LS-I-am-Wv. 05. ssZ-\w-Zn-\ `m-j Pm-Xo-b-X-bn¬ \n-∂v ap-‡-am-Wv
H-cp-]-s£, s]m-Xp-sh \n-e\n¬-°p-∂ Pm-Xnk-¶¬-∏-ß-sf Hgn-®p \n¿-Øn-bm¬ Cu hm-Z-tØ°mƒ Iq-Sp-X¬ A-kw-_-‘-amb a-s‰m-∂n-√. k-Xy-Øn¬ C¥y≥ `m-j-Iƒ Pm-Xn-sØ-dn-Iƒ \n-d-™-Xm-Wv. A-Xv {]-tbm-Kn-°p∂-h¿ a-\p-jy-Xz-an-√m-Ø A-Xn-s‚ bm-Ym¿-∞y-sØ A-h-K-Wn-°p-Itbm A-Xn-s\°p-dn-®v [m-c-W-bn√m-Xn-cn-°p-I-tbm B-Wv. Pm-XnsØ-dn-Iƒ {_m-“-Wy L-S-\-sb \n-e-\n¿-Øm-\p-≈ k-h¿-W-cp-sS ssI-I-fn-se i-‡-am-b D-]-I-c-Wam-Wv, A-Xp-h-gn \-Ωp-sS `m-j PmXo-b A-Sn-®-a¿-Ø-en-s\ {]-Xn-^en-∏n-°p-I-bpw \n-e-\n¿-Øp-I-bpw sN-bp-∂p. ln-μn-bn-se ssZ-\w-Zn-\ C-Ss]-S-ep-I-fn¬ B-I-kv-an-I-am-bn Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂ Nn-e Pm-Xn-sØ-dnIƒ B-Wv `mw-Kn, Nm-a¿, Pw-Kvfo, t[m-_n, I-ao-\n, a-l¿ ap-Xem-b-h. Cu hm-°p-Iƒ C-¥ybp-sS hn-hn-[ `m-K-ß-fn-ep-≈ "Xmsg-Ø-´n-se' Nn-e Pm-Xnk-ap-Zm-bß-fp-sS t]-cp-I-sf {]-Xn-\n-[o-Icn-°p-∂p. H-cp "A-]-cn-jv-Ir-X-s\' A-s√-¶n¬ "tam-i-am-bn s]-cp-amdn-b' hy-‡n-sb kq-Nn-∏n-°m≥ Ah D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv h-f-sc ASn-®-a¿-ج kz-`m-h-ap-≈-Xv X-s∂bm-Wv. C-Ø-cw Pm-Xn {]-tbm-Kß-fn¬ Nn-e-Xv kp-{]ow tIm-S-Xn t]m-epw \n-b-a hn-cp-≤-am-°n-bn-´p-
tkm-sW-dn-kw (zohnerism)
\m-Ym≥ tkm-W¿ (Nathan Zohner) F-∂ A-ta-cn-°≥ kvIqƒ -hn-Zym¿-∞n-bn¬ \n-∂m-Wv tkm-W-dn-kw F-∂ hm-°v cq]-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Cu hn-Zym¿-∞n H-cp im-kv-{X-ta-f-bn¬ A-h-X-cn∏n-® t{]m-P-Œn¬ H-cp {]-tXy-I cm-k-h-kv-Xp-hn-s\ ]-cn-N-bs∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. Cu cm-k-h-kv-Xp A-av-f a-g-bn-se H-cp {]-[m-\ L-S-I-am-Wv. {Ko≥-lu-kv C-^-Œn-\v Im-c-W-am-Ipw. kzm-`m-hnI I-c-`q-an-bn¬ a-sÆm-en-∏n-\v Im-c-W-am-Ip-∂ C-Xv tem-lß-sf {Z-hn-∏n-°pw. ssh-Zyp-Xm-]-I-S-߃-°pw hm-l-\-ß-fpsS t{_-°v {]-h¿-Ø-\-c-ln-X-am-Im-\pw C-Xv Im-c-W-am-Im-dp≠v. C-Xn-s‚ D-]-tbm-Kw h¿-≤n-® aq-{X hn-k¿-÷-\-Øn-\pw h-b¿- ho¿-∏n-\pw Im-c-W-am-hpw. F-∂m-en-Xv D-t]-£n-®m¬ a-cWw h-sc kw-`-hn-°mw. C-Xn-s‚ hm-X-I-cq-]w Xz-°n¬ s]m≈-ep-≠m-°pw. C-ß-s\-sb-√mw DHMO F-∂ cm-k-h-kv-Xphn-s\ ]-cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b ti-jw C-Xv \n-tcm-[n-t°-≠-X-t√ F-∂ tNm-Zy-ap-∂-bn-®p. 50 t]-cp-≈ ¢m-kn¬ 43 t]-cpw \ntcm-[n-°-W-sa-∂-`n-{]m-bs∏-´p. C-bmƒ ]-cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b DHMO F-∂ ssU ssl{U-P≥ tam-tWm-Iv-ssk-Uv (H2O) km-[m-c-W ]-®-sh-≈-amsW-∂v B-tem-Nn-°m≥ B-cpw an-\-s°-´n-√. im-kv-{Xkm-t¶Xn-I ]-Z-ß-fp]-tbm-Kn-®v km-[m-c-W-°m-sc F-{X th-Kw h©n-°m-sa-∂v Im-´n-Ø-cp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p tkm-W-dn-s‚ t{]m-PŒv. imkv-{X -km-t¶-Xn-I-X-tbm-Sp-≈ `-b-`-‡n _-lp-am-\-hpw hn-t[-b-Xz-hpw km-[m-c-W-°m-sc I-_-fn-∏n-°m≥ D-]-tbm-Kn°p-∂-Xn-s\-bm-Wv tkm-W-dn-kw F-∂p ]-d-bp-∂-Xv. km-[m-cW tcm-K-ß-sf-t∏m-epw C-ß-s\ k-¶o¿-Æ-am-bn hn-i-Zo-I-cn®v P-\-ß-sf `-b-N-In-X-cm-°mw. A-‘-hn-izm-k-߃-°v hnizm-ky-X h-cp-Øm≥ Cu kq-{Xw {]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv tkmjy¬ ao-Un-b-I-fn-se ]-Xn-hp Im-gv-N-bm-W-t√m.
≠v, F-∂m-en-sXm-∂pw \-Ωp-sS ASn-ÿm-\ bm-Ym¿-∞y-ß-sf kzm[o-\n-°p-∂n-√. 2018 ¬ ssSw am-K-kn≥ tlmfn-hp-Uv \n¿-Ωm-Xm-hv lm¿-hn shbv≥-kv-ss‰-s\ H-cp A-Sn-°p-dn-t∏msS A-h-X-cn-∏n-®p, "Producer. Predator. Pariah." "hm-kv-X-h-Øn¬, ]-db¿ k-ap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚ t]-cn¬\n-∂v D-cp-Øn-cn-™ H-cp Pm-Xn-{]-tbm-Kam-Wv ]-cn-b. A-Sn-°p-dn-∏n-se PmXn- {]-tbm-K-Øn-\v ssSw am-K-kn≥ i-‡-am-b Xn-cn-®-Sn X-s∂ t\-cn´p. Cu ]-Z-ß-fp-sS D-]-tbm-K-Øns‚ Zq-c-hym-]-I-am-b {]-Xym-Lm-X߃ ]-e-t∏m-gpw k-h¿-W-cp-sS ssh-Im-cn-I-X-sb _m-[n-°p-∂-tXbn-√. F-∂n-cp-∂m-epw, k-hn-tijm-[n-Im-cw D-≈-h¿ A-h-cp-sS kw`m-j-W-ß-fn¬ \n-∂pw ]-Zm-h-enbn¬ \n-∂pw Pm-Xn {]-tbm-K-ßsf C-√m-Xm-°p-I F-∂-Xv {]-[m\-am-Wv.
D-]-kw-lm-cw:
C-Ø-cw an-Øp-Iƒ C-¥y≥ k-aq-l-Øn¬ B-g-Øn¬ th-cq-∂nb Pm-Xo-b-X-bp-sS tI-h-e D-]-cnX-ew B-Wv. A-Xn-\m¬, Pm-Xn-hncp-≤ {]-h¿-Ø-I-cp-sS Ir-Xn-Iƒ {i-≤n-°p-I-bpw hm-bn-°p-I-bpw sN-tø-≠-Xv {]-[m-\-am-Wv. ap-Jy[m-cm kw-hm-Z-ß-fn¬ Pm-Xn Dƒs∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xp-≠v, Im-c-Ww \Ωƒ kw-km-cn-°m-Xn-cp-∂m¬ am{Xw C-√m-Xm-Ip-∂ H-∂-√ A-Xv.
‰n-kv_¿-Kv F-∂ sd-bn¬-th kvt‰-j-\n¬ sh-®v 1893 Pq¨ 7-\p cm-{Xn k-a-b-Øv tam-l≥-Zm-kv Icw-N-μv Km-‘n H-cp Xo-h-≠n ap-dnbn¬ \n-∂v X-≈n-∏p-d-Øm-°-s∏-´p. A-∂v A-t±-lw a-lm-flmKm-‘n B-bn-´n-√. C-¥y≥ kzm-X-{¥y ka-c-Øn-s‚ t\-Xr-Xzw G-sd-d-Sp-Øn´n-√. Z-£n-Wm-{^n-°-bn¬ A-`n-`mj-I-hr-Øn-bn¬ G¿-s∏-´p Po-hn°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p A-t±-lw. A-t±lw k-©-cn-®-Xv ^-Ãv¢m-kv Iºm¿-´p-sa≥-dn-em-bn-cp-∂p. ^-Ãv ¢m- v Sn-°-‰pw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂n-´pw H-∂mw ¢m- n¬ sh-≈°m¿-°v am-{X-ta bm-{X sN-øm≥ A-h-Im-i-ap-≈q F-∂ h¿-Æ-hn-thN-\-Øn-s‚ \ym-bw ]-d-™v H-cp Cw-•o-jv-Im-c≥ A-t±-l-sØ ]pd-tØ-°v X-≈n. A-∂v cm-{Xn ap-gph-\pw A-t±-lw X-Wp-Øv hn-d-®v πm-‰p-t^m-an¬ I-gn-®pIq-´n. sIm-SpwX-Wp-∏n¬ \n- -lm-bam-bn πm-‰v-t^m-an¬ I-gn-®pIq-´n-b hy-Yn-X-am-b B cm-{Xn-bn-em-W-t{X Km-‘n-bp-sS a-\- n¬ k-Xy-{K-lw F-∂ k-a-c-cq-]-Øn-s‚ km-[y-X sX-fn-™ph-∂-Xv. {I-ta-W A-Xv aq¿-Ø-am-b B-i-b-ß-fm-bn. kXyw/B-K-lw F-∂o c-≠v ]-Z߃ kw-tbm-Pn-∏n-®m-Wv Km-‘n k-Xy-{K-lw F-∂ hm-°v cq-]-s∏Sp-Øn-b-Xv. A-°m-e-Øv A-t±-lw C-¥y≥ H-∏n-\n-b≥ F-∂ t]-cn¬ H-cp ]-{Xw \-S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. Cu ]-{Xw h-gn \-S-Øn-b a-’-c-Ønte-°v A-b-®pIn-´n-b F≥{Sn-bn¬ \n-∂m-Wv Cu {]-tbm-Kw kr-„ns®-Sp-Ø-Xv F-∂pw ]-d-bp-∂p. Z£n-Wm-{^n-°-bn¬ A-t±-lw ]e X-h-W k-Xy-{K-l k-a-c-߃°v t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-In-bn-´p-≠v. 1908 B-K-kv-Xv 16-\p sF-U‚n-‰n tUmIyp-sa≥-dv F-∂ Xn-cn-®-dn-b¬ tcJ I-Øn-®psIm-≠v hn-th-N-\-Øns∂-Xn-cm-bn C-¥y≥ hw-i-P¿ \S-Øn-b k-a-c-am-bn-cp-∂p A-h-bnsem-∂v. t^m¿-Uv-kv-_¿-Kn-se sP∂nw-Kv-kv kv-{So-‰n¬ l-ao-Zn-bm akv-Pn-Zn-∂p ap-ºn¬ sh-®v A-h¿ tc-J-Iƒ I-Øn-®p. {Sm≥-kvhmƒ `-c-W-Iq-Sw 1907 ¬ \-S-∏n¬ h-cpØn-b ªm-°v B-Œv F-∂ G-jym‰n-°v d-Pn-kv-t{S-j≥ \n-b-a-Øn-s∂Xn-cm-bn \-S-Øn-b A-lnw-km-flI k-a-c-am-Wv a-s‰m-∂v. Km-‘n-sb∂ A-lnw-km-hm-Zn-bp-sS k-l-\ k-a-c-Øn-s‚ Xp-S¿-®-Iƒ C-{]-Imc-am-Wv cq-]-s∏-´-Xv F-∂v N-cn-{Xw tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ]o-‰¿ am-dn-‰v-kv_¿-Kn-se Cu Xo-h-≠nb-\p-`-h-am-Wv a-lm-flm Km-‘n-bn¬ B-Œn-hn-Ãv hy-‡nXzw kr-„n-s®-Sp-°m≥ t{]-c-I-amb {]m-Y-an-I L-S-Iw. Km-‘n-bpsS Po-hn-X-Øn¬ ]n-∂o-Sv "Xo-h-
almflmKm‘nbpw Xoh≠nbpw Cw•ojpImcpw tN¿∂mWv C¥y F∂ cmjv{Sw \n¿Ωn®Xv F∂p ]dbmdp≠t√m. lnμvkzcmPn¬ Xm≥ \ncmIcn® Xoh≠nsbØs∂ Km‘n C¥ysb Is≠Øm\p≈ D]m[nbmbn D]tbmKn®p. C°gn™ PqWn¬ AtX Xoh≠napdnbpsS hmXnepIƒ IpSntb‰ sXmgnemfnIƒ°pt\sc sIm´nbS°s∏´p.
Km-‘n-bpw Xo-h-≠n-bpw
jloZv
Z-£n-Wm-{^n-°-bn-se ]o-‰¿ am≠n' B-h¿-Øn-®p h-cp-∂ H-cp sa‰-^¿ B-bn-Øo¿-∂p. Xo-h-≠n-bpam-bp-≈ A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ Iq-Sn-°mgv-N ]n¬-°m-e-Øv C-¥y-bn¬ sh®v Ip-td-°q-Sn A¿-∞-]q¿-Æ-am-bn. C-¥y-bn-se-Øn-b Km-‘n-tbm-Sv tKm-]m-e-Ir-jv-W tKm-J-se-bm-Wv Xo-h-≠n-bn¬ \m-Sv Np-‰n C-¥y-sb I-s≠-Øm≥ D-]-tZ-in-®-Xv. H-∂mw ¢m- n¬ A-√m-bn-cp-∂p {]-kv-XpX-bm-{X. k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ Xm-tg-°nS-bn-ep-≈-h¿ bm-{X sN-øp-∂ ]m -©¿ h-≠n-bn-se aq-∂mw ¢m n¬. ]n-∂o-Sv Po-hn-X-Øn-ep-S-\ofw Km-‘n k-©-cn-®-Xv km-[m-cW-°m-cp-sS Iq-sS aq-∂mw ¢m- v I-ºm¿-´v-sa≥-dp-I-fn-em-Wv. ]o-‰¿ am-‰n-kv-_¿-Kn¬ sh-®v tam-l≥-Zm-kv Km-‘n-°v i-cn-°pw F-¥m-Wv kw-`-hn-®-Xv? h-tc-Wyh¿-Kw k-©-cn-t°-≠ ¢m-km-Wv H-∂mw ¢m-kv. k-aq-l t{i-Wn-bn¬ Xm-sg \n¬-°p-∂ C-¥y-°m-c≥ B ¢m- n¬ k-©-cn-®pIq-Sm. F∂m¬ k-aq-l-Øn¬ h-ep-∏-s®-dp∏-߃ \n¿-Æ-bn-°p-∂ am-\-Z-fia-\p-k-cn-®v H-∂mw ¢m- p-Im-c-\m-
Wv Km-‘n. Cw-•-≠n¬ \n-∂v _mcn-ÿ _n-cp-Zw t\-Sn-b A-`n-`m-jI≥, ta¬-Pm-Xn-°m-c≥, Sn-°‰v Imip sIm-Sp-Øv hm-ßn-s°m-≠v H∂mw ¢m-kn¬ k-©-cn-°m≥ Ah-Im-iw ÿm-]n-s®-Sp-Ø tbmKy≥. km-aq-ly t{i-Wn-bp-sS D∂-X ÿm-\-Øv kz-bw A-h-tcm[n-X-\m-b Km-‘n-sb ]-t£ {_n´o-jv an-Yym-`n-am-\w a-s‰m-cp ¢m-knem-Wv s]-Sp-Øn-b-Xv. C-¥y-°m-c≥ B-I-bm¬ hw-io-b-am-bn Xm-tg- X´n-ep-≈-h≥. Xo-h-≠n-bn¬ \n-∂p ]p-d-Øm-°-s∏-´ Km-‘n A-tXm-sS X-s‚ ¢m-kv (h¿-Kw ) G-Xm-sW∂v Xn-cn-®-dn-™p. ]-cn-Xy-‡-\m-bn πm-‰v-t^m-an¬ \n¬-t°-≠nh-∂ Km-‘n ]-cn-Xy‡-cm-b X-s‚ h¿-K-hp-am-bn X-∑bo-`-hn-®-Xv H-cp kzm-`m-hn-I ]-cnW-Xn-bm-Wv. Cu h¿-K t_m-[w Xm≥ D-b¿-∂ ¢m-kn¬\n-∂v X-≈n∏p-d-Øm-°-s∏-´ A-\p-`-h-Øn¬ \n∂v A-t±-lw I-s≠-Sp-Ø H-∂mWv F-∂v ]-d-bmw. Xo-h-≠n-bn-se H-∂mw ¢m-kv Po-hn-X-Øn-se aq∂mw ¢m- vIm-c-\m-b G-jy≥ hwi-P-\v \n-tj-[n-°p-∂ sh-≈-°mc-s‚ hw-io-b t_m-[-Øn-s∂-Xncm-b h¿Kt_m[ambn A-Xv cq-]s∏-´p. ]n-∂o-Sp-≈ bm-{X-I-fn-ep-S\o-fw Km-‘n k-©-cn-®-Xv, X-t‚Xm-b aq-∂mw ¢m- n¬ X-t‚-Xmb ¢m- n-t\m-sSm-∏-am-Wv. i-in Xcq¿ X-am-i-bm-bn-∏-d-™ Im-‰n¬ ¢m-kv Cu ¢m-kv X-s∂. ]o-‰¿ am-‰n-kv_¿-Kn-se Xo-h≠nb-\p-`-hw ]n¬-°m-e-Øv C-¥ybn-se sIm-tfm-Wn-b¬ hm-gv-N-bpsS K-Xn am-‰n. Km-‘n sIm-tfmWn-b¬ hn-cp-≤ k-a-c-Øn-s‚ tam´n-^v B-bn-Øo¿-∂p. A-tX t]mse Xo-h-≠n tZ-io-b-X-bp-sS a-s‰mcp tam-´n-^v B-bn h¿-Øn-®p. Xoh-≠n-bn¬ aq-∂mw ¢m-kn¬ \-SØn-b bm-{X h-gn-bm-Wv Km-‘n C¥y F-∂ G-I-Xz-sØ Dƒ-s°m≠-Xpw A-dn-™-Xpw. Xo-h-≠n C¥y-sb tZ-i-߃-°-Xo-X-am-bn ]c-kv-]-cw Iq-´n-bn-W-°n. A-ß-s\ \m-Sp\o-sf \o-≠pIn-S-∂ sd-bn¬∏m-f-ß-fn-eq-sS Iq-In-∏m-™ Xoh-≠n-Iƒ ]-©m-_n-t\-bpw _w-Kmfn-t\-bpw t_mw-s_tb-bpw a-{Zmkn-t\-bpw tN¿Øv C-¥y F-∂ tZ-i-cm-{„w \n¿-Ωn-®p. a-lm-flm Km-‘n-bpw Xo-h-≠n-bpw Cw-•o-jpIm-cpw tN¿-∂m-Wv C-¥y F-∂ cm{„w \n¿-Ωn-®-Xv F-∂v ]-d-bm-dp-≠v. {_n-´o-jpIm¿ Xo-h-≠n-∏m-X-Iƒ \n¿-Ωn-°p-I-bpw Km-‘n-Pn C-¥ybp-S-\o-fw k-©-cn-®p tZ-io-b-X F∂ hn-Im-cw D-±o-]n-°p-I-bpw sNbv-Xn-´n-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ \m-´p-cmPy-ß-fm-bn Nn-X-dn-°n-S-°p-∂ C¥y H-cp cm-{„-am-bn-Øo-cp-am-bn-cp∂n-√ F-∂m-Wv A-Xn-\p ]n-∂n-ep≈ bp-‡n. sd-bn¬-sh- ÿm-]n°p-∂-Xph-sc {_n-´o-jp-Im¿-°v C¥y-°m-cp-sS Po-hn-X-Øn-te-°v Bgv-∂n-d-ßm-\pw C-¥y-sb h-f¿-∂psIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ tem-I hn-]-Wntbm-Sv _-‘n-∏n-°m-\pw ap-X-em-fnØ -hn-I-k-\-Øn-s‚ ]m-X-bn¬ Dd-∏n-®p \n¿-Øm-\pw I-gn-™n-cp-∂n√ F-∂v N-cn-{X-Im-c-\m-b _n-]n≥ N-{μ \n-co-£n-°p-∂p-≠v. C-tX sdbn¬-th X-s∂-bm-Wv C-¥y F-∂ tZ-io-b t_m-[w h-f¿-Øn-sb-Sp°m-\p-≈ D-]m-[n-bm-bn h¿-Øn-® H-cp kp-{]-[m-\ L-S-I-hpw. Km-‘nbpw Xo-h-≠n-bpw C-¥y \n¿-Ωn®p F-∂ ]-d-®n¬ A-ß-s\ km[q-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. C-¥y≥ \-K-cß-fp-sS kmw-kv-Im-cn-I bp-‡n kZm {Km-a km-∂n-[yw B-h-iy-s∏´n-cp-∂p F-∂m-Wv A-in-jv \-μnbp-sS I-s≠-ج. Km-‘n H-cp \m-K-cn-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. \-K-c-Øn¬ P\n-®v, a-lm-\-K-c-ß-fn¬ ]Tn-®v, \K-c-ß-fn¬ Po-hn-® Bƒ. {Km-a-ßfn¬ k-©-cn-®m-Wv Km-‘n C-¥ysb I-s≠-Øn-b-Xv. A-Xn-∂v At±-l-sØ G-‰-hp-a-[n-Iw k-lm-bn®-Xv Xo-h-≠n-bm-Wv. kq-£v-a-am-bn \n-co-£n-®m¬ Km-‘n-bp-sS s]mXp-Po-hn-Xw k-©m-c-am-Wv. \n-c-¥cw A-t±-lw H-cn-S-Øp \n-∂v a-s‰mcn-S-tØ-°v k-©-cn-®p sIm-≠n-cp∂p, `u-Xn-I-am-bpw Zm¿-i-\n-I-ambpw. k-Xym-t\-j-W-tØm-sSm-∏w kz-Xzm-t\z-j-Ww Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ Po-hn-Xw. A-Xn-∂v bm-{X-Iƒ A-t±-l-Øn-∂v D-]-I-cn®p. C-¥y≥ I-em˛-km-ln-Xy afi-e-ß-fn-se {]-bm-W k-¶-ev-]ß-fp-sS ]-›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ F-t∏mgpw Xo-h-≠n-sbm-®-I-fp-sS ap-g-°ß-fp-≠m-hm-dp-≠v F-∂ sIu-XpIw C-Xn-t\m-Sv tN¿-Øp hm-bn°pI. tZ-io-b {]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚ ISp-Ø F-Xn¿-∏n-s\ t\-cn-´p sIm≠m-Wv {_n-´o-jv `-c-W-Iq-Sw C-¥ybn¬ sd-bn¬-th k-{º-Zm-bw sIm≠ph-∂-Xv. Km-‘n A-°m-e-Øv tZ-io-b {]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚ t\-Xr]-Z-hn-bn¬ D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬ ]n¬-°m-e-Øv A-t±-lw Xoh-≠ntbm-Sv ITn-\-am-bn hn-tbm-Pn®p. ln-μv kz-cm-Pn¬ Cu hn-tbmPn-∏v A-t±-lw tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. kv-]m-\n-jv- ^v-fq F-∂ ]-I¿-®-hym[n ]-S¿-∂p ]n-Sn-°m≥ Xo-h-≠n Im-c-W-am-bn-Øo-cpw F-∂m-bn-cp∂p A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ `o-Xn. a-lmflm-hn-s\ kw-_-‘n-t®-S-tØm-fw C-¥y-sb I-s≠-Øm-\p-≈ D-]m[n-bm-bn h¿-Øn-®-Xv F-¥m-tWm, A-Xn-s\-Ø-s∂ A-t±-lw \n-cmI-cn-®p F-∂-Xm-Wv Iu-Xp-I-I-cw. 1893 Pq¨ 7-\m-Wv Z-£n-Wm{^n-°-bn¬ sh-®v Km-‘n-sb Xoh-≠n-bn¬ \n∂v X-≈n- ]p-d-Øm°n-b-Xv. I-gn-™ Pq-Wn¬ Km-‘n B¿-°p-th-≠n-bm-tWm G-Xv Ime-hpw t]m-cm-Sn-b-Xv A-h-cn-sem-cp Iq-´¿ Xo-h-≠n-I-fn¬ \n-∂v kmaq-ly-am-bn _-ln-jv-°-cn-°-s∏-´p. k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ G-‰-hpw Xm-sg X´n-ep-≈-h-cm-Wv C-∂v C-¥y-bn-se Ip-Sn-tb-‰-sØm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ. tem-°v Uu-Wn-s\-Øp-S¿-∂v Po-hn-X am¿Kw A-S-™p t]m-b-Xn-\m¬, \m´n-se-Øm≥ th-≠n sd-bn¬-th kv-t‰-j-\p-I-fn¬ F-Øn-b A-h¿°v ap-ºm-sI Xo-h-≠nap-dn-I-fp-sS hm-Xn-ep-Iƒ sIm-´n-b-S-°-s∏-´p. Km-‘n πm-‰v-t^m-an¬ X-Wp-Øp hn-d-ß-en-®p \n-∂-Xv F-ß-s\-tbm A-tX t]m-se h-≠n-bn¬ I-b-dm\mhm-sX, πm-‰v-t^m-an¬ C-cn-°mt\m In-S-°m-t\m C-S-an-√m-sX Ah¿ Xn-c-kv-Ir-X-cm-bn. Xn-c-kv-°-cn°-s∏-´ A-t\-Ie-£w Km-‘nam¿. h-√]m-Spw I-b-dn-∏-‰n-b-h-cn¬ F¨-]-Xp t]¿ bm-{X-°n-S-bn¬ acn-®p. ]m-f-ß-fn¬ In-S-∂p-d-ßn-b Ip-td t]¿ Xo-h-≠n I-b-dn a-cn®p. k-aq-l-Øn-se G-‰-hpw Xm-gsØ X-´n-ep-≈ ap-Jw a-\- n¬ I≠p sIm-≠m-Wv Km-‘n X-s‚ Z¿i-\-߃-°v Dƒ-°-cp-Øv \¬-Inb-Xv. A-h-cm-Wv Xo-h-≠n-∏m-f-ßfn-epw πm-‰v-t^m-ap-I-fn-epw \n¿-±-bw \n-cm-I-cn-°-s∏-´-Xv. Km-‘n-bp-sS a-s‰m-cp Xo-h-≠n b-\p-`-h-sØ-∏-‰n-bp-sam-∂v ]-d-bs´. -Km-‘n \-S-Øn-b bm-{X-b-√ A-Xv. Km-‘n-bp-tS-Xm-bn I-Ym-Imc≥ k-¶¬-∏n-®p-≠m-°n-b bm-{Xbm-Wv. X-an-gn-se ]p-Xp-X-e-ap-d-°Ym-Ir-Øm-b tZ-hn `m-c-Xn-bp-sS ]nd-sIm-cp C-c-hv F-∂ I-Y-bn¬ acn-°p-∂-Xn-∂v sXm-´pap≥-]v a-lmflm \-S-Øn-b H-cp Xo-h-≠nbm-{X Nn-{Xo-I-cn-°p-∂p. (lm¿-]¿-tIm-
fn≥-kv sh¬-Iw ‰p a-lm-flm F∂ t]-cn¬ Cw-•o-jn-epw "]mT-t`Zw' Z¬-ln-bn-te-°p-≈ Xo-h-≠n F-∂ t]-cn¬ a-e-bm-f-Øn-epw ]pd-Øn-d-°n-b k-am-lm-c-ß-fn¬ Cu I-Y Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p) b-kv-\m-t]m-fn-bm-\m-bn¬ \n-∂v Cd-ßn-Øn-cn-® tSmƒ-kv-t‰m-bn-bp-sS Po-hn-Xm-¥yw kw-`-hn-°p-∂-Xv Fkv-Xm ]m-thmbn-em-Wv. Km-‘n-bpsS B-flo-b Kp-cp-hm-Wv tSmƒ-kvt‰m-bn. I-Y-bn-se Km-‘n A-arX-k-dn-te-°m-Wv ]p-d-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. kzm-X-{¥y- {]m-]v-Xn-bp-tS-bpw C¥ym hn-`-P-\-Øn-t‚-bpw ]n-∂m-se kw-`-hn-® h¿-Ko-b I-em-]-ß-fn¬ a-\- v X-I¿-∂m-Wv Cu bm-{X. Sn°-s‰-Sp-°m-Ø Km-‘n-am-cp-sS \nc-h-[n hym-P-th-j-߃-°n-S-bn¬ \n-∂v kv-t‰-j≥ am-ÿ b-Ym¿-∞ Km-‘n-sb Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xv A-t±l-Øn-s‚ ssI-bn¬ Sn-°-‰p-≈-Xv sIm-≠m-Wv. ]-\n- _m-[n-®v X-WpØphn-d-®v, πm-‰v-t^m-an¬ a-c-Ww Im-Øp\n¬-°p-I-bm-Wv Km-‘n. B sN-dn-b kv-t‰-j-\m-Wv X-s‚ F-kv-Xm t]m-thm F-∂v A-t±-lw I-cp-Xp-∂p. A-⁄m-X-am-b H-cp hnZq-c {Km-a-Øn-se sd-bn¬-th-kv-t‰j-\n-se hn-f-°pIm-en¬ X-s∂bpw t\m-°n-bn-cp-∂ I-dp-Ø Nn-dIp-≈ ]-£n-bp-sS I-c®n-en¬ Xs‚ a-c-W-sØ-°p-dn-®p-≈ {]-h-N\w Z¿-in-® Km-‘n-sb kv-t‰-j≥ am-ÿ \n¿-∫-‘-]q¿-Δw Z¬-ln-bnte-°v X-s∂ Xn-cn-®-b-°p-∂p. _n¿em a-μn-c-Øn∂p ]p-d-Øv Xs∂-bpw Im-Øp\n¬-°p-∂ sh-Snbp-≠-°v ap-ºm-sI s\-©p Im´m≥. A-ar-X-k-dn-te-°p-≈ Cu Xoh-≠nbm-{X Km-‘n sN-bv-X-X-√, ]-t£ sN-tø-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. hn-`-P-\m-\-¥-cw D-≠m-b kw-L¿j-ß-sf-Øp-S¿-∂v ]-©m-_n-se Iem-] {]-tZ-i-ß-fn-te-°v t]m-Im\m-bn-cp-∂p A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ πm≥. ]-t£ N-cn-{X-Øn-se Km-‘n-sb Z¬-ln-bn-ep-≠m-b I-em-]-߃ Ahn-sS-Ø-s∂ ]n-Sn-®p\n¿-Øn. ]t£ `m-h-\-bn-se Km-‘n a-c-Whp-a-t\z-jn-®p Xo-h-≠n-bn¬ A-arX-k-dn-te-°v t]m-bn. Xo-h-≠nbn¬ X-s∂ a-c-W-sa-∂ a-s‰m-cp hn-[nØo¿-∏n-te-°v Xn-cn-®p h-cn-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. Km-‘n-Pn-bp-sS Pohn-X-Øn-se \n-Xy-km-∂n-[y-am-b cq]-I-am-bn-cp-∂p Xo-h-≠n. tZ-hn `mc-Xn A-Xn-s\ H-cp I¬-]n-Xm-\p-`-
tIm¨-{K-kn¬ F-{X tIm¨-{K-kp-Im-cp-≠v ?
Sn. sF. em-ep
cm-P- `-c-W-Øn¬-\n-∂p hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn P-\m-[n-]-Xy -{I-aØn¬ A-[n-Im-c-hpw ÿm-\-am-\-ß-fpw ]m-c-º-cy kn-≤-a-s√-∂mWv s]m-Xp-sh-bp-≈ hn-izm-kw. ]-t£, A-hn-iz-k-\o-b-am-b-Xp kw-`-hn-® H-cp cm-{„-am-Wv \-Ωp-tS-Xv. \-Ωp-sS \m-´n-se G-‰-hpw ]-g-°-hpw X-g-°-hp-ap-≈ cm-{„o-b ]m¿-´n-bm-b tIm¨-{K-kv Ipsd Im-e-ß-fm-bn Np-‰n°-d-ßp-∂-Xp 's\-lv-dp Ip-Spw-_ a-ln-abp-sS t]-cn¬ am-{X-am-Wv. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-{I-aw A-h-ew-_n-®n-´p-≈ tem-I-sØ G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp cm-Py-sØ, G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp cm{„o-b]m¿-´n-°p C-ß-s\-sbm-cp K-Xn-tI-Sv D-≠m-bn-cn-°m-\n-S-bn√. B-¥-cn-I P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-\p th-≠n cw-KØp-h-∂n-´p-≈ 21 t\-Xm-°ƒ-°p Ip-Spw-_ a-lna F-∂ ]-cn-an-Xn-bn¬-\n-∂p tIm¨-{K-kn-s\ c£n-s®-Sp-°m-\m-hp-sa-∂-Xp A-km-≤y-Øn¬ Bi sh-bv-°-em-Wv. tIm¨-{K-kn¬ Cu-bn-sS D≠m-b A-gn-®p-]-Wn-Iƒ C-Xn-\p D-t]m¬-_-e-Iam-Wv. tIm¨-{K-kn¬ b-Ym¿-Y tIm¨-{K-kp-Im¿ C-∂p \m-a-am-{X-ta-bp-≈q. A-h-cn¬ `q-cn-]-£-hpw P-\m-[n-]-Xy B-i-b-ß-fn¬ hn-iz-k-ap-≈-h-cp-a√. an-°-h-cpw tI-h-ew `m-Kym-t\-jn-I-fpw Gdm≥-aq-fn-I-fp-am-Wv. \-s´-√n-√m-bv-a-bm-Wv A-h-cp-sS ÿm-bn-bm-b i-co-c-`m-j. A-Ø-c-°m-sc Nn-et∏mƒ tIm¨-{K-kn-s‚ a-c-Ww h-sc Iq-sS It≠-°mw. ]n-s∂, Ip-Spw-_-a-ln-a h-I-sh-®p sIm-Sp°p-∂ ssi-en hy-‡-am-°p-∂-Xp C-¥y-bn¬ P\m-[n-]-Xy ]m-c-º-cyw C-\n-bpw th-≠-{X th-cp-d®n-´n-s√-∂p X-s∂-bm-Wv. C-¥y≥ P-\m-[n-]-Xyw ssi-i-hm-h-ÿ ]n-∂n-´n-´n-√. hn.sI.F≥. "A-[n-Im-cw' F-∂ t\m-h-en-en¬ F-gp-Xn-b t]m-se ssZ-h-Øn-s‚ sXm-´-Sp-Ø ÿm\w cm-Pm-hn-\v I-ev-]n-®p sIm-Sp-Øn-´p-≈-h-cm-Wv C-∂pw \-s√mcp i-X-am-\w B¿-j-`m-c-Xo-b ]u-c-∑m-cpw. ]-g-b cm-Pm-hn-s\ am{X-a-√ ]p-Xn-b t\-Xm-°-tf-bpw s]m-∂p-X-ºp-cm-t\ F-∂p hn-fn°p-∂-Xm-Wv km-[m-c-Wm-h-ÿ .A-Xn-\m¬ G-‰-hpw A-Sn-Ø-´p ap-X¬ P-\m-[n-]-Xy hy-h-ÿ-I-tf-bpw aq-ey-ß-tf-bpw t_m-[hm-∑m-cm-°p-hm≥ I-gn-™m¬ am-{X-ta tkm-Wn-b-°v / Ip-Spw_m-[n-Im-c-Øn-\v Kp-Uvss_ ]-d-bm-\m-hp. A-Xn-∂m-bn P-\m-[n]-Xy B-Z¿-i-ß-tfm-Sv B-Z-c-hp-≈-h¿ D-W¿-∂n-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.
h-am-°n. Cu A-\p-`-h km-£yØn-s‚ I-Æm-Sn-®n-√n-eq-sS t\m°n-bm-Wv \mw ]o-‰¿ am-cn-‰v-kv-_¿Kn-se πm-‰v-t^m-an¬ X-Wp-Øp hnd-®p \n-∂ Km-‘n-tb-bpw h-S-t° C-¥y-bn¬ H-cp hn-Zq-c {Km-a-Ønse A-⁄m-X-am-b sd-bn¬ thkv-t‰-j-\n¬ ]-\n-®p X-f¿-∂ Km‘n-tb-bpw H-∂m-bn Im-Wp-∂-Xv. `m-h-\-bpw bm-Ym¿-∞y-hpw H-∂n®p kw-K-an-®-Xv H-tc \n-tbm-K _nμp-hn¬. H-tc {]-bm-W k-¶¬-∏Øn¬.
tI-c-fw \m-Wy-hn-f-I-fn¬ \n-∂v Xn-cn-®p \-S-∂pXp-S-ßp-∂p
sI.]n. C-eym-kv
ap≥-]v Im-Sv sh-´n ]p-\w-Ir-jn sN-øp-∂ co-Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p D-≠mbn-cp-∂-Xv. X-߃-°m-h-iy-am-b `£-W-Øn-\p th-≠n H-t∂m ct≠m G-°¿ ÿ-e-Øv am-{X-ta Im-Sv sh-´p-I-bp-≈q. A-Xpw sNdn-b a-c-ß-fpw Ip-‰n-°m-Sp-I-fpw am{Xw. sh-´n-b ti-jw a-c-°-ºp-Ifpw a-‰pw A-hn-sS-bn-´v Xo-bn-Spw. Xo ]-S-cm-Xn-cn-°m≥ B-h-iy-am-b ap≥-I-cp-X-ep-I-sf-Sp-°pw. h-en-b X-Sn-I-fpw a-‰pw am-‰n-bn-´ ti-jw A-h-ti-jn-°p-∂ Nm-º-en¬ Nma-bpw Xn-\-bpw dm-Kn-bpw sh-X-bv°pw. a-g-°m-ew i-‡-am-Ip-∂-Xn\v c-≠p am-kw ap-ºm-Wv Cu ]Wn Xp-S-ßp-I. th-\¬-a-g-bn¬ hnØv ap-f-®v Xp-S-ßpw. a-g-°m-ew i‡-am-Ip-tºm-tg-°pw hn-f I-cpØm¿-Pn-°pw. aq-∂v - \m-ev am-kw I-gn-™m¬ hn-f-sh-Sp-∏m-bn. A-[nIw P-ew th-≠m-Ø ]-b-dp-h¿-§ßƒ c-≠m-a-sØ ko-k-Wn¬ \Spw. H-cp {]m-h-iyw Ir-jn sN-bv-X ÿ-e-Øv ]n-∂o-Sv H-tc-sg-´p h¿jw I-gn-t™ ho-≠pw Ir-jn sNøp-I-bp-≈q. A-hn-sS A-t∏m-tg°pw ho-≠pw Im-Sm-bn Xo¿-∂n-cn°pw. Im-Sp sh-´n Cu co-Xn-bn¬ Ir-jn sN-bv-Xn-´p t]m-epw Im-cyam-b h-\ \-io-c-Ww ]-≠v D-≠mbn-´n-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Im-c-Ww h-f-sc {i-≤-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p B-Znhm-kn k-aq-l-߃ ]p-\wIrjn sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂-Xv. ]-Xn-s\-´mw \q-‰m-≠v ap-X¬ {_n-´o-jp-Im¿ Im-Sv ssI-tb-dn tX°pw Cu-´n-bp-sam-s° sh-´nØpS-ßn-b-Xp ap-X-em-Wv h-\-\-io-I-cWw B-cw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. tI-c-f-Øn¬ `q-]-cn-jv-I-c-W \n-b-a-Øn¬\n-∂v tXm-´w ta-J-e-sb H-gn-hm-°n-bt∏mƒ \n-e-hn-se G-I-hn-f-tØm´ k-{º-Zm-bw a-e-tbm-c ta-J-ebn¬ Xp-S¿-∂p. `-£y-hn-f-sb°mfp-]-cn \m-Wy-hn-f-Iƒ-°v t{]m¬km-l-\w \¬-In-b-t∏mƒ a-e-tbmc ta-J-e-Iƒ \m-Wy-hn-f-tØm-´ßƒ sIm-≠p \n-d-™p. C-Sp-°n Pn-√-bn-se h-´-h-S Im¥-√q¿ a-d-bq¿ ta-J-e D-Zm-l-c-Wam-sb-Sp-°mw. a-g Ip-d-hm-sW-¶nepw th-\¬-°m-e-Øpw H-gp-Ip-∂ \o-scm-gp-°ƒ D-≈-Xp Im-c-Ww [m\y-ß-fpw ]-®-°-dn-I-fpw hym-]-Iam-bn Ir-jn sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂p. F-gp]-Xp-I-fn¬ I-S-em-kv \n¿-Ωm-WØn-\pw ssX-e-ap-≠m-°p-∂-Xn-\pw a-‰p-am-bn tkm-jy¬ t^m-d-kv-{Snbp-sS `m-K-am-bn Cu ta-J-e-bn¬ bq-°m-en-]v-‰-kv a-c-߃ hym-]-Iam-bn \-´p ]n-Sn-∏n-°m≥ Xp-S-ßn. ]p¬-ta-Sp-I-fpw tNm-e-°m-Sp-I-fpw P-e-kw-c-£-W-Øn¬ \n¿-h-ln-°p∂ ]-¶v Xn-cn-®-dn-bm-sX-bm-bn-cp-∂p Cu A-im-kv-{Xo-b tXm-´ \n¿ΩmWw. C-∂v Cu ta-J-e ap-gp-h≥ ISp-Ø h-cƒ-® t\-cn-Sp-I-bm-Wv. hcƒ-® aq-ew a-d-bq-cn-se I-cn-ºp Irjn Ip-d-™p. Im-¥-√q-cn¬ s\¬Ir-jn sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂ ]m-S-ti-J-c߃ X-cn-im-bn. h-´-h-S-bn-se kqNn-tKm-X-ºp Ir-jn C-√m-Xm-bn. C∂v I¿-j-I¿ Im-iv ap-S-°n tkmjy¬ t^m-d-kv-{Sn-bp-sS `m-K-am-bn X-ß-fp-sS tXm-´-ß-fn¬ \-´p-]n-Sn]n-® bq-°m-en-]v-‰-kv a-c-߃ sh´n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. aq-∂m-dn-se tX-bn-e-tØm-´-ßfpw tZ-hn-Ip-fw˛a-d-bq¿˛Im-¥√q¿˛h-´-h-S-bn-se bq-°m-en-]v-‰-kv tXm-´-ß-fp-sam-∂pw kzm-`m-hn-I h\-ß-fp-sS [¿-Ωw \n¿-h-ln-°p-∂h-b-√. a-e-s©-cn-hp-I-fn¬ \-∂mbn a-g e-`n-°p-∂, {]-tXy-In-®v \o¿®m-ep-Iƒ-°-Sp-Øp-≈ tX-bn-etØm-´-߃ A-]-I-S-ta-J-e Xs∂-bm-Wv. h-b-\m-´n¬ D-cpƒ-s]m-´-ep-≠mb ]p-Øp-a-e-bn-epw aq-∂m-dn-se s]´n-ap-Sn-bn-epw Np-‰pw tX-bn-e-tØm´-ß-fm-sW-∂ Im-cyw {i-t≤-b-amWv. Im-Sn-\v ]-I-cw sh-°m≥ ]-‰p∂-h-b-√ Cu G-I-hn-f-tØm-´ßƒ. ]p¬-ta-Sp-I-fpw Im-Sp-I-fpw ]q¿-Æ-am-bpw \-in-∏n-®m-Wv bq-°men-bpw tX-bn-e-bpw Ir-jn sN-øp∂-Xv. a-Æv P-e kw-c-£-Ww D-d-∏p h-cp-Øn-s°m-≠p-≈ hn-f-I-fn-te°pw Im¿-jn-I co-Xn-I-fn-te-°pw a-e-tbm-c ta-J-e-Iƒ C-\n-bpw amdp-∂n-√m-sb-¶n¬ A-Xv Iq-Sp-X¬ A-]-I-S-ß-sf £-Wn-®p h-cp-ØpI-bm-bn-cn-°pw ^-ew.
Aeo\
Hcp IY ]dbmw. Hcn°¬ c≠p amemJam¿ (Ah¿ ssZhßtfm, Iw]yq´¿ t{]m{KmapItfm Bhmw.) XΩn¬ X¿°n®p. X߃ F∂pw \nco£n®v, XpΩepw Xp∏epw apX¬ tcJs∏SpØn kq£n°p∂ in_n N{Ih¿Øn, \√h\mtWm? Zp„\mtWm? \√h\mIm≥ shPnt‰dnb\mItWm? amemJ Hcp IY ]d™p: Hcp Kpcphn\v ]{¥≠p injy∑m¿. ]mhØm∑m¿, t]SnsØm≠¿ , Np¶°m¿, ]m]nIƒ. Hcphs\°pdn®v, Hcphs\°pdn®v Ft∂ XncpshgpØpIfn¬ {]kvXmhn®ncp∂p. NXnb≥, ]{¥≠v sh≈n°min\v Kpcphns\ H‰nbh≥. ]t£, Ah≥ NXn°msX, Kpcp acn°msX, temIØns‚ ]m]w Bcp Npa°pw?
F¥mWv lnwk? lnwk°p apIfn¬ Alnwkbpw
AXn\p apIfn¬ XymKhpap≠t√m. H∂mw amemJ apdnth‰ {]mhmbn, N{Ih¿ØnbpsS aSnbn¬ hoWp. henb NndIpw Xo°Æpambn c≠mw amemJ IgpI\mbn \Jw Iq¿∏n®p. in_n N{Ih¿Øn At∏mƒ N¿°bn¬ \q¬ \q¬°pIbmbncp∂p. "A√tbm N{Ih¿Øo, aqtemIhpw tIƒhntI´ in_o, ASnbs‚ Blmcw aS°nØ∂mepw.' N{Ih¿Øn ]p©ncntbmsS Hcp IY ]d™p XpSßn: "Rm≥ kuØm{^n°bn¬ _mcnÃdmbncp∂t∏mƒ, H∂mw ¢m n¬ bm{X sNbvXXn\v, kmbns∏s∂ _q´p sIm≠v sXmgn®n´p≠v.' "Fs‚ Blmcw X∂mepw!" - ˛ IgpI≥ hni∂p Xf¿∂p. "Fs∂ c£n®mepw!'˛ {]mhv tNmcsbmen∏n®p, ]cpØn\qepIƒ Nph∂p. \nehnfnIfpb¿∂p sNhn s]m´nbn´pw IYsbmSpßnbn√. IYm¥yØn¬ {]mhv NØp. IgpI≥ NØp. N{Ih¿Øn am{Xw Pohn®p. CXnemcmWv G‰hpw lnwk sNbvXXv?
lr-jn-tI-i≥ ]n _n
A-h-cp-sS hm-b Im-Wm-Xm-b-Xv, A-Sp-Øph-∂-t∏mƒ s]-s´-∂m-Wv ]-fl-\m-`≥ {i-≤n-®-Xv
H-cp kz-]v-\w t]m-se Np-≠p-Iƒ H-∂m-b-Xv hn-iz-kn-°m-\m-bn-√ kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-s‚ hn-im-e- kz-]v-\w
Cu hm-b-sb am-{Xw t]-Sn-®m-Wv Im-ep-I-fpw X-e-bpw Xp-ºn-bpw In-S-∂p ]n-S-™-Xv
]-t£ N-ß-e-bp-sS A-Sp-sØ-Øn-b-s∏m-sg ho-≠pw A-h¿ a-d -\o-°n.
- tPymXn aZ≥
_oUnbpsS aWw \nd™ apdnbn¬ Aekambn InS°p∂ ]pkvXI߃°nSbn¬ ]pdwN´ Iodn hmbn°msX _m°nbmbn InS∂ ]pkvXIØns‚ achn® XWp∏n¬ \n∂v ]tcmƒ In´nb c≠pt]¿ Cdßn \S∂p...
\otbm Rmt\m F∂v AhtfmSv Ieln®pw D®shbn¬ NqSn¬ {`m¥v ]nSn®pw Ah≥ DXp∏ms‚ ]oSnIbn¬ sN∂v \mcßmtkmUm tNmZn®p
\mcßmtkmU In´msX sIdphn®v IS¬°cbnte°v \S°ptºmƒ AhfpsS Imense sNcp∏v ISeΩ sIm≠pt]mbXdn™v Ah≥ AhfpsS t\sc IS¬ t]m¬ Aedn.
sNcp∏n√msX ]pkvXIØnte°v XncnsI sN√ptºmgp≠mhp∂ s]m√mt∏m¿Øv hnjan®v IWmtc´s‚ jm∏n¬ Ibdn Ah\pw Ahfpw Hmtcm Ip∏n I≈v tam¥n. ho´ntes°m∂v FØnt\m°n Nmbv]ns‚ tam¥mbØnte°v Hcp Is√SpsØdn™v ]pkvXIØn¬ \n∂v ]tcmƒ In´nsb∂v Ah≥ ]dbm≥ {ian®p
AhfmIs´ ]n∂mºpdØv Xpd∂n´ ASp°f hmXneneqsS AIØv IS∂v ASp∏Øv InS°p∂ Acn sht¥m∂v ImctWmØnsbt∏mse t\m°n H∂pw an≠msX aSßn.
Ae°p tkm∏pw Hcp _°‰v apjn™ XpWnbpambn Ipfn°Shnte°v Ahƒ Cdßnbs∏m ]pkvXIw A\phZn® ]tcmƒ kabw Igns™∂v Ah≥ ap{Ibn´p.
]p≈msct¥ ap‰Øv sImض√mSmØsX∂v shdpsX k¶Ss∏´v ]p≈msc ImWm≥ Ahƒ ]≈n°qSØnte°v \S∂p
]p≈mscms° hepXmbn Ftßm sI´n®v t]msb∂v tKm]mte´≥ ]ds™∂v AhtfmSv ]dbptºmƒ ]s£ Ahs‚ N¶pw Ießn
]p≈msc ImWmsXßs\ F∂hƒ Ic™t∏mƒ ]pkvXIØnte°v Xncn®v Ibdnbns√¶n C\n AhnsSbpw CSap≠mhns√∂v Ah≥ ]peºn
a\kn√ma\tkmsS c≠v t]¿ Cdßn \S∂bnStØ°v XncnsI \S∂p. X߃ Cdßnt∏m∂ ]pkvXItasX∂dnbmsX B c≠p t]¿ C∂paebp∂p≠v...
]n-sI K-tW-i≥
C-e-Iƒ-°n-S-bn¬ ]n-d-∂-]-Sn A-c-™m-W®-c-Sns‚ A-e-¶m-cw t]m-ep-an-√m-sX, F-s∂-¶n-epw B-cp-sS-bpw I-Æn¬- s]Sm-sX ]-Xp-ßn,]-cp-ßn, C-e-bp-Ω-tb-‰n-°n-fn-s∏-´v X-\n-®p \n-∂n-´p-t≠m?
a-s‰m-cm-fp-sS I-Æn-em-Wv \mw \-·cm-hp-∂-Xv, \-Ωn-sem-cn-°-epw \-·-cm-hp-∂n-√. B-cp-sS-bpw I-Æn¬ s]-´n-s√-¶n¬ F-¥p-am-{Xw \n-jv-I-f-¶-am-Wv, \-Kv-\- i-co-cw.
C-e-I-tfm-Sv sXm-´p-cp-Ωp-tºmƒ i-co-c-Øn-s‚ Hm-tcm A-Wp-hn-epw kw-h-Zn-°p-∂ a¿-a-c-ap-≠v, C-e-bm-bn ]n-d-°m≥ I-gn-bm-sX t]m-b-Xn-s‚ th-Z-\-bn¬ i-co-cw sXm-´p-cp-Ωp-∂ C-e-I-fn¬ {]-km-Zn-°p-∂ hm¬-k-ey-ap-≠v.
ssZ-h-Øn-s‚ tXm-´-Øn¬\n-∂v ]p-d-Øm-b-Xn¬- ]n-s∂ B-cpw Im-Wm-sX I-h¿-∂ I-\n-bp-sS {]-tem-`-\-an-√, \-·-\m-bn-ß-s\ C-e-Iƒ-°n-S-bn¬ a-s‰m-cn-e-bm-bn \n¬-°p-tºmƒ. C-e-Iƒ-°v C-e-I-fm-bn am-{Xw Xp-S-cm≥ \ym-b-an-√, Im-‰n¬ a-cw \r-Ø-am-Sp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv C-e-I-fn-f-Ip-∂-Xv, kz-]v-\w Im-Wp-∂-Xv, Im-ev-]-\n-I-cm-Ip-∂-Xv, a-c-Øn-s‚ Zm-£n-Wy-am-Wv C-e, ]q-hv, Im-bv.
B-cpw sh-´n-ap-dn-°m≥ h-∂n-s√-¶n¬ H-cn-°¬ th-cp ]-d-bpw: X-e- Xm-gv-Øm≥ Im-e-am-bn, Xo¿-∂p, A-tXm-sS C-e-bn-f-°w. A-Xp-sIm-≠v, B-cpw ]Tn-∏n-t°-≠ a-c-ß-sf A-h¿-°n-S-bn¬ B-cm-Wv D-Sp-∏n-´-h¿, D-Sp-∏n-Sm-Ø-h¿ F-∂v. a-c-ß-f-dn-bp-∂p-≠v, C-e-I-f-dn-bm-sX -t]m-b-Xv..
`¿-Øm-hn-s‚ A-Ω Ip-™n-s‚ Xp-Wn-am-‰n t\m-°n-bn-´v sk¬hn-bp-sS ap-J-Øv H-‰-b-Sn, hn-P-\-am-b B h-cm-¥ H-cp \n-an-jw kv-Xw-`n-®p-\n-∂p. s]m-´-]p-≈-sb s]-Øn-cn-°-bm? C-{X-bpw tNm-Zn-®n-´v A-h¿ ]p-d-tØ-°v H-‰ \-S-Øw. `¿-Øm-hv ]p-d-sI-bpw.
as‰mcp abnemws]´n°mcn
sFizcy Ae≥
"cmhnse amemJbmbn´v sN∂ndßnbXm. H‰ aWn°qdn¬ apgp{]m¥nbmbn. ]≠mcSßm≥... F¥v Xnc°mbncps∂t∂m C∂v H.]n.bn¬.' ^-Ãv Uyq-´n I-gn-™p D-®-°v aq-∂p a-Wn-°v Xn-cn-s®-Øn-b Rm≥ {U- v- t]m-epw am-‰m≥ a-Snbm-bn-´v I-´n-en¬ X-s∂ In-S-∂p. "sP-∂n, ssh-In-´v I-d-ßm≥ t]m-Imw.-' ]m-dp Hm-^v- B-b-Xv-sIm-≠v ^pƒ F-\¿-Pn-bnem-Wv. "]m-dp, ^-Ãv Ip-fn, ]n-s∂ D-d-°w.. F-∂n-´v ssh-In-´v t\-sc _o-®v-...-Uo¬' ]m-dp lm-∏n.
cm-hn-se B-dn-\v F-gp-t∂-‰v Iym‚o-\n-se H-cp D-W-°- _-∂pw Xn-∂p Uyq-´n-°v I-b-dn-b-Xm. ]ns∂ H-cn-‰v sh-≈w Ip-Sn-°m-s\m-Øn-√. In-S-∂-Xpw B-tcm A-\-kv-sX-jy X-∂ t]mse D-d-ßn. k-‘y-°v- H-cp sIm-ep-kn-s‚ i-–w sI-´m-Wv D-W¿-∂-Xv. "]m-dp,B-cm h-∂-Xv ?' "A-Xv- ho-Sv hr-Øn-bm-°m≥ A-∏p-d-sØm-s° h-cp-∂ tN-®n-bm. Rm≥ Cu sh-≈n-bm-gv-N h-cm≥ ]-d-™p. Rm≥ H-∏w Iq-Sns°m-≈mw. am-k-Øn¬ \m-ep X-h-W h-cm≥ B-bn-cw cq-]. em-`-t√' "hr-Øn-bm-°¬ \-ap-°-ßv sN-bv-Xm¬ t]m-sc?' th-≠m-Ø tNm-Zy-am-bn t]m-sb-∂v tNm-Zn-®p I-gn-™-t∏m-gm-Wv ]n-Sn-In-´n-b-Xv. "H-e-°!- ]-Øp Zn-h-kw eo-hv In-´n-bm-epw ]Ømw Zn-h-kw k-‘y-°v- bq-Wn-t^mw A-e-°n cm{Xn Im-‰-Øp-W-°n ]n-t‰-∂v C-´p t]m-Ip-∂ \-Ωtfm?- F-\n-°v h-ø, Hm-W¿ tN-®osS h-g-°v tIƒ°m≥-' ]m-dp K¿-hn-®p I-´n-en¬ Np-cp-≠p. "i-cn. C-Xv ]m- m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. A-h¿ h-cs´. F-s‚ sj-b¿ sd-Un. hm, _o-®n¬ t]m-Imw.' tKm-h-Wn-bn-d-ßp-tºmƒ B tN-®n-sb ho-≠pw I-≠p. F-hn-tSm I-≠ \-√ ]-cn-N-bw. "]m-dp, B kv-{Xo-bp-sS t]-sc-¥m-∂m ]-d-t™?' "sk¬-hn' sk¬-hn- a-\- n¬ ]-e B-h¿-Øn ]-d-™pt\m°n. F-\n-°v A-dn-bmw. D-d-∏v. "Sn, B sk¬-hn-sb F-hn-sS h-®m I-≠-sX∂v C-s∏m F-\n-°v Hm¿-Ω h-∂p.' tdm-°v _o-®nse H-cp Iq-‰≥ ]m-d-°v ap-I-fn¬ C-cp-∂-t∏mƒ s]s´∂v Rm≥ D-d-s° ]-d-™p. "\o C-t∏m-gpw A-tXm¿-Øn-cn-°p-hm-tWm? tZ, H-cp D-in-c≥ \o-t{Km' G-Im-In-bm-b H-cp \o-t{Km-sb hm-bn-t\m-°nbn-cn-°-bm-bn-cp-∂p ]m-dp. "C-s√-Sn. F-\n-°v A-h-sc a-d-°m≥ ]-‰n-√. Znh-kw \-Ωƒ H-cp \q-dm-bn-cw t]sc-bpw ]-e-X-cw Im-gv-®-I-fp-sam-s° Im-Wp-sa-¶n-epw, Nn-e-Xv _n-knPn F-Sp-Ø ]m-Sv t]m-se h-´-Øn¬ Iq-Sn A-ß-s\ In-S-°n-t√. C-Xpw A-ß-s\-sbm-∂m.'
Rm≥ ]m-dp-hn-s‚ ssI-bn-se I-S-ebn¬ \n-∂pw H-cp ]n-Sn hm-cn a-Sn-bn-en-´p. "\o At√epw IY ]d®nepImcnbmWt√m.' "H-∂p c-≠v h¿-jw ap≥-]m-Wv. Rm≥ te-_¿dq-an¬ ss\-‰v F-Sp-Ø H-cp cm-{Xn. G-I-tZ-iw H-cp H≥-]-Xp a-Wn-°v Cu ]d-™ s]-Æv, sk¬-hn-sb Iym-jzm-en-‰nbn¬ \n-∂pw th-Z-\-bm-bn-´v te-_¿ dqan¬ sIm-≠ph-∂p. A-∂v h-en-b Xn-c-°n√m-bn-cp∂p. Rm≥ a-cp-∂p hm-ßm-\p-≈ t]-∏-dpam-bn te-_¿dq-an-\p ]p-d-Øp h-cp-tºmsgm-s° sk¬-hn-bp-sS Iq-sS h-∂-h-cmbn B s]-Æn-s‚ ]-Øn-c-´n s]m-°-hpw H-Ø Xq-°-hp-ap-≈ H-cp a-\p-jy-\pw ]ns∂ c-≠v h-b- m-b- kv-{Xo-I-fpw A-hnsS-bp-≠v. kv{Xo-I-fn¬ H-cmƒ sk¬-hosS ]m-´n-bm-Wv. A-h¿ sa-en-™p H-´n, \n-g¬ t]m-se, C-cp-≠p t\¿-Ø H-cp cq]-am-Wv. a-cp-∂n-s‚ t]-∏-dp-I-sfm-s° Ch-cm-Wv hm-ßn-t∏m-Ip-∂-Xv. `¿-Øm-hm-b sIm-º≥ -ao-i-°m-c-\pw A-Ωm-bn-A-Ωbpw Zq-sc am-dn-bn-cn-°p∂p. G-Xm-≠v c-≠v a-Wn-h-sc sk¬-hn aqf-epw I-c-®n-ep-sam-s°-bm-bn X-≈n-\o-°n. {]-Xo-£tbm-sS R-߃ t\m-°n-bn-cp-∂p. Hm-tcm X-h-W A-hƒ izm-kw h-en-®p ap-°p-tºm-gpw Rm-\pw tUmŒ¿ N-μ-\-bpw B-Imw£-tbm-sS t\m-°pw. H-Sphn¬ Np-h-∂- amw-k-\m-fn-°-∏p-dw sN-dp -I-dp-Ø hr-Øw I-≠p Xp-S-ßn. "A-Ωm.. sk¬-hn- aq-s®-Sp-Øp \-√m ap-°v ' tUm-Œ¿ N-μ-\-bpw Rm-\pw A-h-sf t{]m-’mln-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. F-√m sU-en-h-dn-°pw sh-dp-sX F-¶n-epw F\n-°v tXm-∂pw B ap-dn-bp-sS X-Wp-∏v Ip-d-™p t\¿-Ø H-cp Nq-Sv ]-c-°p-∂p-≠v F-∂v. izm-k-a-S°n∏n-Sn-®p B ap-dn-bpw Im-‰p-sam-s° R-ß-sf t\m°pI-bm-Wv F-∂v. A-{X-bpw I-cp-W-bn-‰p-∂ H-cp `m-hw a-s‰m-cn-°-epw {]-Ir-Xn-bn¬ Im-Wn-√. A-ßs\-sbm-cp `m-hw Hm-tcm t]‰pap-dn-°p-ap-≠v. sk¬-hn h-en-b hm-bn¬ \n-e-hn-fn-®p. "am-cn-bt-Ω-...' ]p-d-tØ-°v Nm-Sn-b Ip-™n-s‚ X-e-bn¬ N-μ\ ar-Zp-hm-bn sXm-´v sa-s√ I-d-°n ]p-d-sØ-Sp-Øp. sk¬-hn B-Imw-£tbm-sS X-e-bp-b¿-Øn t\m-°n. N-μ-\ Ip-™n-s\ D-b¿-Øn Im-´p-tºmƒ Rm≥ A-Xn-s‚ I-b-dp t]m-se D-cp-≠psIm-gp-Ø s]m°nƒs°mSn A-dp-sØ-Sp-Øp. A-dp-Øpap-dn-®p th¿s]-´v H-cp P-∑-Øn-s‚ Xp-S-°w. P-\n-® Ip-™p-ß-fp-sS a-Ww `q-an-bn¬ a-s‰m∂n-t\m-Spw D-]-an-°m-\m-hm-Ø H-∂m-Wv. Ip-™n-s\ Xp-S-®p. Sm-Kv sI-´n. Xq-°w t\m-°n. sh-≈-ØpWn-bn¬ s]m-Xn-s™-Sp-Øp. ]p-d-tØ-°v sIm-≠p t]m-bn A-h-sc-sbm-s° Im-´n. Ip-™p A-]-cn-Nn-X-am-b tem-I-sØ Iu-Xp-ItØm-sS t\m-°n. H-cp-]-t£ `q-an-bn-se G-‰-hpw \n-d-hp-≈ H-cp Im-gv-N-bm-Ipw A-Xv-. C-{X-\m-fpw D-dßn-°n-S-∂ P-ehn-Xm-\w A-h-ti-jn-∏n-® X-Wp-Ø,
Np-fn-hp-Iƒ ho-W Ip-™n-ss°-Iƒ, D-≈n¬ \o-eR-c-ºp-Iƒ Im-´n kz¿-Æ-\n-d-Øn¬ Xn-f-ßp-∂, ]mXn-bn¬ A-‰pt]m-b s]m-°nƒ-s°m-Sn, Np-h-∂p XpSp-Øp hn-d-bv°p-∂ Np-≠p-Iƒ. Ip-™v A-Ω-bp-sS am-dn¬ A-≈n-∏n-Sn-®n-cp-∂p ]m-ep-Ip-Sn-®p. H-∂pc-≠v a-Wn-°q¿ I-gn-™p C-h-sc hm¿Unte°v am-‰m-\m-bn Cu Ip-™pw A-Ω-bp-am-bn ]p-d-tØ-°v C-d-ßn. `¿-Øm-hn-s‚ A-Ω Ip-™ns‚ Xp-Wn am-‰n t\m-°n-bn-´v sk¬-hn-bp-sS ap-JØp H-‰-b-Sn. hn-P-\-am-b B h-cm-¥ H-cp \n-an-jw kv-Xw-`n-®p\n-∂p. "s]m-´-]p-≈-sb s]-Øn-cn-°-bm?-' C-{X-bpw tNm-Zn-®n-´v A-h¿ ]p-d-tØ-°v H-‰ \-SØw. `¿-Øm-hp ]p-d-sI-bpw. aq-e-bn¬\n-∂pw B ]m-´n G-¥n h-en-™ph∂v Ip-™n-s\ hm-ßn. Rm≥ B ]m-´n-sb-bpw sk¬-hn-sb-bpw t\m-°n. \n¿-hn-Im-c-am-b c-≠v apJ-߃. H-∂pw kw-`-hn-°m-Ø-Xv t]m-se sk¬-hn ap-Jw Xp-S-®p. ]n-s∂ Rm≥ A-h-sf Im-Wp-∂-Xv G-gv Zn-hkw I-gn-™n-´m-Wv. "c-≠v \mƒ Iq-Sn \o C-∏-Sn-tb C-cp-¥n-cp-¥m¬ \o k-Øn-cn-s∏-C-h-f-hpw A-dn-hn-√-bm-' F-∂-Ω. Uyq-´n tUm-Œ-dn-s‚ H-® tI-´m-Wv Rm≥ sN∂-Xv. G-gv Zn-h-k-am-bn ªo-Un-Mv \n-∂n-´n-√. H-cp Znh-kw c-≠v km-cn Io-dn h-®m-epw \n¬-°m-Ø ªoUn-Mv. A-Sp-Øp-≈ H-cp kv-{Xo sk¬-hn-sb Iq-´ns°m-≠v h-∂-Xm-Wv. Rm≥ A-h-fp-sS ap-J-tØ-°v t\m-°n. hn-f-dn sh-fp-Ø I-Æp-Iƒ, tNm-c hm¿-∂p t]m-b ap-Jw. Uyq-´n I-gn-™p sj-an-sb Im-Øp Iym‚o-\p ap-∂n¬ \n¬-°p-tºmƒ Cu ]m-´n I-™n sh-≈hpw hm-ßnt∏mIp-∂p. F-s∂ I-≠p sXm-gp-X-t∏mƒ Rm≥ A-Sp-tØ-°v sN-∂p.
"]p-d-¥-Xv s]m-´-]p-≈ B-ss]-Øn-\m-se sk¬hn-tbm-sS I-W-h≥ C-h-sf hn-´n-´v t]m-bn-´m-cv.' A-Xn-\pti-jw C-∂m-Wv Rm≥ sk¬-hn-sb Im-Wp-∂-Xv. Rm-\pw ]m-dp-hpw {^-©v sX-cp-hp-Ifn¬ Iq-Sn \-S-∂p. "\-Ωp-sS-b-hn-sS H-´p-an-° ^v-fm-‰n-epw sk¬hn X-s∂-bm tPm-en-°v h-cp-∂-Xv. aq-Ø s]¨-Ip´n-sb tI-c-f-Øn¬ F-hn-sSm ho-´p-tPm-en-°v hn-´ncn-°p-∂p.' G-tXm A-Sp-°-f-bn¬ C-cp-´n¬ H-fn-™n-cn-°p∂ H-cp s]¨-Ip-´n R-ß-fp-sS ap-∂n¬ sX-fn-™p h-∂p. ho-´n¬ F-Øn-b-Xpw em-]v-tSm-]v Xp-d-∂p sabn¬ sN-°v sN-bv-Xp. "\-∑-\n-d-™ a-dn-b-ta-... Z-b-bp-≈ am-Xm-th...'Ip-cn-ip h-c-®-gp-t∂-‰-Xpw a-\- n¬ hn-f-dn shfp-Øp sk¬-hn-bp-sS ap-Jw. \m-emw ¢m- n¬ ]Tn-∏p \n¿-Øn, ]-Xn-\m-emw h-b- n¬ hn-hm-lw sN-bv-Xp, C-cp-]-Xmw h-b-kn¬ aq-∂m-a-sØ Ip-™n-s\ {]-k-hn-®p H-‰-bv°m-bnt]mb sk¬-hn. D-≈n¬ h-√m-Ø H-cp hn-߬. ]-≠v ]-≈ns∏cp-∂m-fn-\v t]m-Ip-tºm-sgm-s° H-cp \q-dp X-h-W A-∏-\pw A-Ω-bpw ]-d-bpw: Ip-™n, ssI-hn-´v t]mI-t√-... A-∂v F-s‚ A-Ω-®n sh-dp-sX t]-Sn-®n-cp-∂p, I-Æp sX-‰p-∂ \n-an-jw h-√ ]n-®-°m-cn-bpw Fs∂ sIm-≠p t]m-Ip-sa-∂pw I-Æv Ip-Øn-s∏m-´n®p th-fm-¶-Æn am-Xm-hn-\v ap-∂n¬ ]n-®-°n-cp-Øpsa-∂pw. F-s∂-¶n-ep-sam-cp-\mƒ I-≠m¬ Xn-cn-®dn-bm-Ø hn-[w sa-gp-°p]n-Sn-®p, I-Æv Ip-gn-™p, sN-fn-]n-Sn-® ]-√p-am-bn th-fm-¶-Æn ]-≈n ]-cn-kc-Øp Im-Wp-∂-Xv H-s° Hm¿-Øv A-h¿ F-s∂ ap-dp-s° ap-dp-s° tN¿-Øv ]n-Sn-®n-cp-∂p. ]n-s∂ Rm≥ ap-Xn¿-∂p ]-Øn-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ Syq-j≥ I-gn-™p sh-´p-tdm-Up-h-gn k-‘y-°v- H-‰-°v h-cptºmƒ F-s∂ B-sc-¶n-epw ]-d-¶n-tØm-´-Øn-te°v h-en-®n-g-®p sIm-≠p t]m-Ip-tam F-∂v `-b-∂v A-Ω-®n tSm¿-®pw sIm-Sp-Øv A-∏-s\ ]-d-™p hn-Spw. C-∂pw sIm-¥ sNm-√p-tºmƒ A-Ω-®n-bpw A-∏-\pw sIm-¥-a-Wn-I-fn¬ ap-dp-s° ]n-Sn-°pw. Rm-\pw Pm-\-‰pw {So- -bp-a-S-ßp-∂ R-߃ aq∂p s]-¨a-°ƒ-°v th-≠n. ]-≠v ]-≈n-s∏cp-∂mfn-se Xn-c-°n-\n-S-bn¬ ]n-Sn-°p-∂ A-tX i-‡nbn¬ H-cp ap-dp-°n-∏n-Sn-Øw. Rm≥ t^m¨ F-Sp-Øp A-∏-s\ hn-fn-®p. "A-∏m-' "F-¥m-Sn sIm-t®-. \o C-\n F-∂v h-cpw? Im\-U-sS t]-∏-sdm-s° sd-Un-bm-tbm?' s]-s´-∂v F-s‚ i-–w sXm-≠-bn¬ Ip-cp-ßn. "A-∏m-, A-∏≥ Ip-Sn-®m.'"Hm-lv...sh-dpw A-¥n-bm-Sn s]-tÆ.'"km-c-an-√. C-s∏m F-s‚ A-∏≥ A-Xv- sIm≠v s]m-cp-Ø-s∏-Sv. C-hn-Sp-∂v h-cp-tºm \-√ I-fdv km-[-\w sIm-≠-cmw-. D-Ω-... ]n-s∂ Rm≥ Im\-U t]m-Ip-tºm-..' hn-ti-j-߃ A-h-km-\n-°m-Ø H-cp I-S¬ R-߃-°n-S-bn¬ C-c-ºn.
as‰mcp ]mT-a-√ ]mT-t`Zw
hcnkwJy: 200 cq]
]mT-t`Zw IÃwkv tdmUv tImgn-t°mSv˛32
8086205415, 9446464948 patabhedam@gmail.com
"]mT-t`Zw' A°u-≠n-t-e°pw XpI Ab°mw: _m¶v Hm^v alm-cmjv{S tImgn-t°mSv {_m©v
Ac. No.20165712159 (MAHB0000408)
(XpI A°u-≠n-e-S® hnhcw FkvFw-Ftkm sabvtem hgn {]tXyIw Adn-bn-°-Ww)
]p-g-ao-\p-I-fp-sS Ip-º-km-cw
AYo\ sUbvkn tPm¿Pv
A-ßn-s\... H-cp I-øn¬ t_mw-_v- t]m-se s]m-´p-∂ tXm-´-bpw a-dp-I-øn¬ Xobpw! Hm-f-∏-c-∏n¬ s]-´-s∂m-cp hmI ao≥... tXm-´ I-Øn-®-s∏m-tg°pw s]-´-∂v ao-\n-s\ Im-Wm-sXbm-bn... ao≥ F-hn-sS F-∂v t\m°n-b sk-°‚p-Iƒ-°p-≈n¬ tXm-´ ssI-øn¬ C-cp-∂v- s]m-´n, ssI Nn-X-dnt∏mbn! F-∂n-t´m? F-∂n-´v F-¥v... Iq-en-∏-Wn sNbvXv- Po-hn-®n-cp-∂ A-bmƒ ]n-s∂ ]-Wn-°v t]m-Im≥ ]-‰m-sX Cu _m-h-en-∏p-g-bp-sS ssk-Un¬ Xs∂ sI-´nØq-ßn a-cn-®p... A-Ø-cw H-cp-]m-Sv I-Y-Iƒ \nd-bp-∂ ]p-g-bm-bn-cp-∂p _m-h-en. R-ß-fp-sS A-Sp-°-f-tbm-Sv tN¿-s∂m-gp-Ip-∂ H-cp ]p-g. ho-´n¬\n-∂p A-hn-tS-°v A-Xym-h-iyw Zqc-ap-≠m-bn-´pw ]p-g A-Sp-°-f-bp-sS H-c-h-b-h-am-bn am-dn. "D-fp-ºp- a-W-Øn-´v H-cp •mkv F-Sp-°m≥ ta-e-t√m-Sn, ao≥ sN-Xp-º-ev- N-hn-´n-´v \-S-°m≥ -taem Xp-S-ßn-b sI-´n- h-∂-h-cp-sS hm¿-Øm-\-߃ Xp-S-cm≥ ]p-g-ao\p-Iƒ \n-c-¥-cw sN-Xp-º-ep-I-sf A-Sp-°-f-bn¬ _m-°n-bm-°n. ao\p-Iƒ a¨-N-´n-bn¬ Ip-Sw-]p-fn-bpam-bn H-∂n-®-Xv Zn-h-k-ß-tfm-fw InS-∂p. kv-Iqƒ hn-´p-h-∂m¬ C-∂v s]m-tg-ev t]m-Ip-∂n-t√ Nm-t®m-bo F-∂m-Wv B-Zyw tNm-Zn-°p-I. Imc-Ww R-ß-fp-sS ]m¿-°pw _o®pw hm-´¿-Xow ]m¿-°pw H-s° _m-h-en-bm-bn-cp-∂p. "C-∂v I-dn-sh-°m-s\m-∂p-√m´m' F-∂v A-Ω ]-d-™m¬ X-≠mSn h-e-bp-sa-Sp-Øv t\-sc ]p-g-bnte-°v Nm-t®m-bn t]m-Ipw; Iq-sS R-ß-fpw. Nn-e-t∏m \-S-°pw. Nne-t∏m ssk-°n-fn¬. tdm-Uv-sskUn¬ h-≠n- \n¿-Øn d-∫¿-tXm-´hpw Pm-Xn-tØm-´-hpw -I-S-∂v C-Sh-gnbn-eq-sS ]p-g-bn-te-°v C-d-ßpw. Im-´p-ssI-X-bp-sS A-‰-sØØp-tºmƒ-X-s∂ ]p-g-sb tIƒ°mw. A-s∏m D-≈n¬-\n-s∂m-cp kt¥m-jw ]m-d-bn¬-\n-∂p- ho-gp-∂ sh-≈w -t]m-se ]-X-bpw. A-[nIw C-d-ß-≠ a-W-ep-hm-cn-b Ip-gnbpw Np-gn-bp-ap-≠v. Ip-cp-Øw-sI-´ Rm≥ I-gp-sØm-∏w sh-≈-Øn¬\n-∂v kz-bw a’y- I-\y-I-bm-bn I-fn-°pw. Iq-sS h-cp-∂ B-ß-fam¿ \o-¥pw, \o C-d-ßn hm-Sn F∂-h¿ \-√ H-gp-°p-≈ C-S-Øp-\n∂v I-fn-bm-°n hn-fn-°pw. h-ep-Xmbm¬ s]-Æp-ß-sf \o-¥¬ ]Tn∏n-°m≥ B-cpw C-√ F-∂v k-¶-StØm-sS Hm¿-°pw. ]n-s∂ ]m-dbn¬- h-∂p-In-S-∂v ]-c-¬ao-\p-Iƒs°m-∏w B-Im-iw I-≠p. A-t∏m-tg-°pw ]-e-X-cw h-ep∏-Øn¬, \n-d-Øn¬, a-W-Øn¬, cpNn-bn¬ ao-\p-Iƒ h-e-bn¬ \n-dbpw. B-´pw-s]-S-b¬, ]q-s]-S-b¬, I-‰n, I-t√-ap-´n, sIm-bv-em, B-c¬,
Ip-dp-h, Iq-c¬, sNm-Δm-en, ]q-hmen, ]p-g-a-Øn, ]p-g-ap-≈≥, ap-jn, I-Sp-ßm-en, ]q-tfm≥... ]n-s∂ t]cn-√m-sØm-cm-bn-cw ao-\p-I-fpw. ]p-g-Iƒ ao-\p-I-sf am-{X-a-√, a-\p-jy-tc-bpw sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip-sa∂-dn-™-Xv B ]p-g-bp-sS I-S-hpI-fn¬-\n-∂p tI-´ I-Y-I-fn¬ \n∂m-Wv. `¿-Øm-hv N-hn-´n-s°m-∂ Ipt™-en-sb-∂ tN-S-Øn-bp-sS ihw s]m-¥n-b Ipt™en°-S-hn¬ B-Zy-sØ X-≠m-Sn Ip-Øpw. Acn-®n-d-ßp-∂ X-Wp-∏n¬, hn-d-sIm≈p-∂ Im-´p-ssI-X-I-fn-en-cn-°p-∂ Ip-t™-en-t®-S-Øo, R-ß-fp-sS h-e-bn-te-°v ao≥ -I-b-‰n-Ø-c-tW F-∂v A-\n-b-s\ t\m-°n- I-Ændp-°n {]m¿-Yn-°pw, Im-fn-t]m-epw ap-ßn-t∏m-sb-∂v hn-iz-kn-°p-∂, Im-fn-Im-b-Øn¬ a-\p-jy¿-°v Duln-°m≥ ]-‰m-Ø B-g-Øn¬ C-dßn sN-hn- c-≠pw s]m-´n-tNmcsbm-en-∏n-®p tI-dn-h-∂, Po-hn-Xmh-km-\w- h-sc I-b-Øn-s‚ aq-f-e√m-sX a-s‰m-∂pw tIƒ-°m-sXt]m-b tPm-Wnt®-´-s\ Hm¿-°pw. ao≥-]n-Sp-Øw, A-e-°v, Ip-fn, \o-¥¬, I≈hm‰v, I-≈p-Ip-Sn, skm-d-]-d-®n¬ ˛ F-√mw \-S-Ønt∏m-∂ R-ß-fp-sS _m-h-en, Im´p-ssI-X-Iƒ s]-‰ ]p-g-bm-bn. Ip-t™-en-°-S-hv, Cu-tim-°S-hv, ao≥-ap-´n- ˛ I-S-hp-Iƒ-°p a\p-jy¿ t]-cn-´p. t]-c-dn-bm-Ø s]Æp-߃ t]-Sn-bn-√m-sX Ip-fn-®p. I-øn¬ Im-in-√m-Ø a-g-°m-e -taL-߃ Nq-≠-Iƒ s]m-¥-bn-semfn-∏n-®v ao≥ -Ip-Sp-ßp-∂-Xv kz-]v\wI-≠v ]m-d-∏p-d-Øn-cp-∂p. ]p-g-sb-\n-s°m-cp h-en-b ao\m-Wv. h-gp-h-gp-∂, Xn-f-ßp-∂, Xe-bpw hm-ep-an-√m-Ø, D-≈n¬ ap≈p-I-sfm-fn-∏n-® h-en-sbm-cp ao≥. h-e h-en-°m-\m-bn, h-e-°-Ænbn¬ ao≥-sN-In-f-Iƒ Ip-cp-ßn, Nne an-Sp-°¿ h-e- s]m-´n-®p c-£s∏-´p. _m-°n-bp-≈-h-sb sN-Inf-s]m-´n-®p hm¬ -h-gn Nm-®≥ Ic-bn-te-°v ao-\p-I-sf F-dn-™p. ]n-s∂-bpw Im-´p-ssI-X-bn¬ X-≠m-Sn-bp-sS H-c-‰w D-d-∏n-®p H-‰tØm¿-Øn¬- \o-¥n B-fp-Iƒ X≠m-Sn Ip-Øn. \m-sf-bpw h-c-Ww. B-tcm- s]m-´n-s®-dn-™ _nb-dp-Ip-∏n-bn¬ X-´n F-s‚ X-≈hn-c¬ ap-dn-™p.
Hm¿-a-: kzm-an A-Kv-\n-th-iv
ln-μp h-e-Xp-]-£-Øn-s\-Xn-sc ln-μp C-S-Xp-]-£-sØ tX-Sn
"kzm-ao, i-cn-°pw \n-߃ B-cm-Wv? Im-jm-bw [-cn-® H-cp Im-]-Sy-°m-c-t\m? A-√, {]-—-∂- th-j-[m-cn-bm-b am-thm-bn-kvt‰m? am-[y-a {]-h¿-Ø-I-\m-b ti-J¿ Kp-]v-X-tbm-Sv Nn-cn-®p-sIm≠v A-Kv-\n-th-iv a-dp-]-Sn ]-d-™p,'' F-\n-°v H-cm-sf sIm-√m≥ I-gn-bp-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬, F-s‚ a-\:km-£n-°v a-s‰m-cm-fp-sS Poh-s\-Sp-°p-∂-Xv Aw-Ko-I-cn-°m≥ km-[n-°p-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬, Bsc-sb-¶n-epw sIm-∂m¬ \o-Xn \-S-∏m-Ip-sa-∂v t_m-≤y-s∏-´n-cps∂-¶n¬ Rm-s\m-cp am-thm-bn-Ãv B-tb-s\.' C-¥y-bp-sS Nn-¥m[m-c-bn¬ km-aq-ln-I \o-Xn e-`y-am-°p-∂Xn-\v B-h-iy-am-b Du¿-÷-ap-s≠-∂v \Ivk-sse-‰p-Iƒ Xn-cn-®-dnbp-∂n-√-t√m F-∂v kzm-an tJ-Zn-°p-∂p. s{sI-kv-X-h k-aq-l-Ønse en-_-td-j≥ Xn-tbm-f-Pn-sb t]m-se H-cp ln-μp C-S-Xp-]-£sØ-bm-Wv A-t±-lw kz-bw {]-Xn-\n-[m-\w sN-øp-∂-Xv. \o-Xnt_m-[-ap-≈ G-sXm-cp a-\p-jy-\pw Iq-Sp-X¬ en-_-d-epw Iq-SpX¬ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hm-Zn-bp-am-b cm-{„o-b-°m-c-\m-Ip-I kzm-`m-hnI-am-Wv. H-cp k-\ym-kn-bpw A-Xn¬-\n-∂pw hy-Xy-kv-X-\-√. Im-cWw A-bmfpw k-Xy-tØ-bpw [¿-Ω-tØ-bpw ap-dp-sI ]n-Sn-°p-Ibpw \o-Xn A-t\z-jn-°p-I-bp-am-Wv sN-øp-∂-sX-∂v A-Kv-\n-th-iv X-s‚ \n-e-]m-Sv hy-‡-am-°p-∂p. \n-ß-sfm-cp tkm-jy-en-Ãm-tWm F-∂ a-s‰m-cp tNm-Zy-Øn\v, A-sX, H-cp P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hm-Zn-°v tkm-jy-en-Ãv B-Im-sX Xc-an-s√-∂m-Wv a-dp-]-Sn. G-Xp-X-cw tkm-jy-en-Ãv F-∂ tNm-Zy-Øn\v- th-Zn-Iv tkm-jy-en-Ãv F-∂m-Wv adp]Sn. th-Z-ß-fn¬ B-gØn¬ A-t\z-jn-°p-∂ H-cp hy-‡n-°v tkm-jy-en-k-am-Wv A-Xns‚ A-¥:k-Ø F-∂v Xn-cn-®-dn-bm-\m-Ip-sa-∂pw ln-μp-Xz-hm-ZnIƒ-°v A-Xn-\p km-≤y-am-Im-Ø-Xv a-\- n¬ \n-d-sb Iq-cn-cp-´v \n-d-®p shbv°-s∏-´-Xp-sIm-≠m-sW-∂p-am-Wv A-Kv-\n-th-in-s‚ \nco-£-Ww. Xm≥ \n-c-¥-cw th-´-bm-S-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv ln-μp-bn-k-sØ ln-μp-Xzhm-Zn-I-fn¬-\n-∂v tam-Nn-∏n-°m-\p-≈ {i-aw Xp-S-cp-∂-Xn\m-em-Wv. F-hn-sS-bpw A-\o-Xn-s°-Xn-sc \n-e-s°m-≈m-\p-≈ H-cp Dƒhn-fn A-t±-l-Øn-\p k-l-P-am-bn-cp-∂p. A-XpsIm-≠v \n-c-h-[n {]-ÿm-\-߃-s°m∏-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p kzm-an. B-Zn-hm-kn-I-fpw Zfn-Xp-I-fpw ]-cn-ÿn-Xn {]-h¿-Ø-I-cpw ]u-cm-h-Im-i {]-h¿-Ø-Icpw cm-Py-Øv \-S-Øn-h-∂ k-a-c-ß-fn-sem-s° A-t±-lw km-∂n≤y-am-bn. C-¥y-bn-se \-h-km-aq-ly {]-ÿm-\-߃ h-√m-sX ankv sN-øp-∂p-≠m-hpw kzm-an A-Kv-\n-th-in-s\. Xo¿-®-bm-bpw C¥y-bn-en-t∏mƒ, ln-μp C-S-Xp ]-£-sØ Iq-Sp-X¬ B-h-iy-s∏Sp-∂ N-cn-{X ap-lq¿-Ø-Øn¬ {]-tXy-In-®pw -
\n¿-an-°-s∏-tS-≠n-bn-cp-∂ ]p-cm-h-ti-jw
B-jm A-`n-em-jv
{]-i-kv-X N-e-®n-{X kw-hn-[m-b-I≥ k-\¬-Ipam¿ i-in-[-c≥ F-gp-Xn-b "]p-cm-h-ti-jw' ]mT-t`-ZØn¬ I-gn-™ 3 e-°-am-bn J-fi-ix {]-kn-≤o-Icn-®n-cp-∂-t√m. h-f-sc A-\p-`-th-Zy-am-bn tXm-∂n B k-ºq¿-Æ Xn-c-°-Y. N-e-®n-{X B-kzm-Z-\-Øn-s‚ \n-b-X-am-b N-´-°qSp-I-sf a-dn-I-S-∂v Im-gv-N-bp-sS io-e-ß-sf am-‰n-a-dn®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ Cu Im-e-L-´-Øn¬, \n-e-hn-ep≈ N-e-®n-{X hn-]-W-\ X-{¥-ß-fp-am-bn k-a-c-ks∏-Sm-sX Xo¿-Øpw Ku-c-h- kz-`m-h-ap-≈-Xpw, AtX-k-a-bw \-√ kn-\n-a-Iƒ-°p-th-≠n \n-e-sIm-≈pI-bpw sN-øp-∂ Np-cp-°w Nn-e kw-hn-[m-b-I-cn¬ {]-ap-J-\m-Wv k-\¬-Ip-am¿ i-in-[-c≥. \n-e-hn-se kn-\n-am hm-Wn-Py k-a-hm-Iy-ß-tfm-Sv I-e-ln-®pw ap-Jw-Xn-cn-®pw X-s‚ N-e-®n-{X k-ao-]-\-tØm-Sp-≈ \n-e-]m-Sp-Iƒ A-dn-bn-°p-I-bpw \-√ kn-\n-a-I-fp-sS h-‡m-hm-bn D-d-® \n-e-]m-Sp-Iƒ kzo-I-cn-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp-t]m-∂n-´p-≠v C-Xn-∂n-sS A-t±-lw. a-e-bmf kn-\n-a-bp-sS I-emaq-eyw D-b¿-Øn-∏n-Sn-°p-∂-Xn¬ C-Ø-cw th-dn-´ i-–-߃ H-cp ]-cn-[n h-sc k-lmb-I-am-bn-´p-≠v. Cu Xn-c-°-Y, \n¿-Ωn-°-s∏-Sm-sX t]m-b kn\n-a, {]-[m-\ I-Ym-]m-{X-am-b Nn-{X-Im-c≥ A-timI≥ X-s‚ h-c-I-fp-sS tem-I-Øp t\-cn-tS-≠n-h-cp∂ Nn-e \n- -lm-b-X-I-sf Hm¿-Ω-s∏-Sp-sIm-≠m-Wv ]p-tcm-K-an-°p-∂-Xv. Np-‰p-ap-≈ cm-{„o-b- km-aq-ly hy-h-ÿ-I-fp-sS A-cm-P-I-Xz-sØ X-s‚ h-c-I-fn-eqsS {]-Xn-I-cn-°m≥ {i-an-°p-∂-Xm-Wv I-Ym-X-¥p. BXy-¥n-I-am-bn k-aq-l-hpw I-e-bpw ]-ckv-]-c ]q-cI-am-bn \n-e-\n¬-t°-≠p-∂-Xn-s‚ B-h-iy-I-X-bpw Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂p kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-s‚ Ip-sØm-gp-°n-te-°m-Wv Atim-I-s‚ Nn-{X-߃ H-gp-In-t∏m-Ip-∂-Xv, k-aq-lØn-\p ]-cm-P-b-am-bn tXm-∂m-sa-¶n-epw H-cp hy-hÿn-Xn-°p-≈n¬ s]m-cp-Ø-s∏-´v \-„-am-Ip-∂-Xn-t\°mƒ B-fl-\n¿-hr-Xn \¬-Ip-∂-Xv I-em-Im-c-s‚ am{Xw i-cn-I-fm-Imw. Zm-º-Xy-Øn-se s]m-cp-Ø-t°Sp-I-fpw ]-g-a-bp-sS ]n≥-hn-fn-I-fpw am-dn-s°m-≠n-cn°p-∂ km-aq-ln-I˛-cm-{„o-b Np-‰p-]m-Sp-I-fpw F-√mw Iq-Sn-°-e¿-∂v Xo-cw X-´m-sX H-gp-Ip-∂ ]p-g- t]mse H-c-\p-`-h-am-Wv ]p-cm-h-ti-jw hm-b-\-°m-c-\v \¬Ip-∂-Xv. hy-Xy-kv-X hn-j-b-ß-sf `w-Kn-bm-bpw A-tX-ka-bw I-em-aq-eyw H-´pw tNm-cm-sXbpw I-Y ]-d-bp∂n-S-Øm-Wv a-e-bm-f kn-\n-a-bn¬ k-\¬-Ip-am¿ iin-[-c≥ th-dn-´v \n¬-°p-∂-Xv. Np-cp-ßn-b Im-e-b-fhn¬ H-º-tXm-fw Nn-{X-߃ kw-hn-[m-\w sN-bv-XpI-gn-™p. tZ-io-b- A-¥¿-tZ-io-b X-e-Øn¬ A-t±l-Øn-s‚ Nn-{X-߃ Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´n-´p-ap-≠v. {]-ta-b-Øn-s‚ Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏p-Iƒ sIm-t≠m, N-e-®n-{X-Øn-t\m I-Ym-]m-{X-߃-t°m \¬-Ip-∂ t]-cp-I-fn-se {]-tXy-I-X sIm-t≠m k-\¬ hy-hÿm-]n-X N-e-®n-{X kw-kv-Im-c-Øn-s‚ `q-an-I-sbbm-Wv tNm-Zyw sN-øm-dp-≈-Xv . Cu th-dn-´ {i-a߃ a-e-bm-f kn-\n-a-bp-sS ]p-Xn-b \mƒ-h-gn-Iƒ Xp-d-∂n-Sp-sa-∂p {]-Xym-in-°p-∂p. s]-‰-`m-j-bn-se B-Zy- I-hn-X
Zn-\p sh-bv¬
F-s‚ `m-j-bn¬ "A-t¥m≥' F-∂-Xn-\¿-∞w A-—-s\-∂m-Wv. F-∂m¬ A-—-\m-tWm A-t¥m-s∂∂v tNm-Zn-®m¬ A-√. A-t¥m-s∂-∂-Xv A-—-s\∂ a-e-bm-f X¿-÷-a-°p-a-∏p-dw \n¬-°p-∂ H-cp hm-°m-Wv. A-sXm-cp I-dp-Ø sXm-≠-bp-sS aq-f°-am-Wv. A-h-cp-sS hm-°pw hn-X-bpw Hm¿-Ωn-∏n-°p∂-Xm-Wv. F-s‚ am-Xy-`m-j-bm-b a-e-bm-f-Øn-\-∏pdw A-sX-s‚ s]-‰ `m-j-bm-Wv. ]mT-t`-Zw {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-® ar-Zp-e tN-®n-bp-sS "an-fn-¥n ]q-´-s´' F-∂ I-hn-X ]m-fp-h `m-j-bn¬ {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-´ B-Zy I-hn-X-bm-sW-∂v I-cpXp-∂p. A-Xp-sIm-≠v X-s∂ `m-jm N-cn-{X-Øn-s‚ `m-K-am-Wo {]-kn-≤o-I-c-Ww. an-fn-¥n ]q-´-s´-sb-∂m¬ IÆ-S-bv-°-s´-sb-∂m-Wv. H-cp ]m¿-iz-h¬-Ir-X k-aq-l-Øns‚ `m-j-bn-te-°v an-fn-¥n Xpd-°p-I-bm-Wv I-hn-X. I-hn Xm-cm-´m-´p-∂-Xv Nn-X-dn-t∏msbm-cp `m-j-b-sb-bm-Wv. C-hn-sS C-√m-bv-a-I-fpw h√m-bv-a-I-fpw am-{Xw \n-ds™m-cp Im-e-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p Zen-Xv P-\-X-bp-tS-sX-∂-Xn-s‚ sX-fn-hm-Wv tKm-{X hn-`m-K߃-°pw Z-en-Xv k-ap-Zm-b-߃-°n-S-bn-epw kz-¥am-bv \n-e-\n-∂n-cp-∂ {]-tXy-I `m-j-Iƒ. Cu `m-jIƒ k-h¿-Æm-[n-Im-c-tØm-Sv I-e-ln-®-h Iq-Sn-bmWv. X-ß-fp-sS ]-d-®n-ep-Iƒ P≥-an-Iƒ-°v a-\- nem-hm-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ D-]-tbm-Kn-® c-l-ky `m-j-Ifm-bv ]n-∂o-Sv A-h am-‰-s∏-´p. A-sX, I-‰m-Wv `mj. {]-Xn-tcm-[-Øn-s‚ Nq-cp-≈ H-cp `m-j-sb s]mXp-bn-S-ß-fn¬ tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-sb-∂-Xv Xo¿-®-bmbpw H-cp cm-{„o-b {]-h¿-Ø-\w Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. s\-cq-Zbp-sS {]-W-b `m-jyw a-e-bm-f-Øn-te-°v ]-I¿-Ønb I-hn X-s∂-bm-Wv H-cp P-\-X-bp-sS A-Xn-Po-h\w Xm-cm-´m-bv a-e-bm-f-Øn-te-°v ]-I¿-Øn-b-Xv. Htcm `m-j-bpw kw-kv-°m-c-hpw F-ßpw sI-´n In-S°m-sX Iq-Sp-X¬ a-\p-jy-cn-te-°v ]-c-°p-I-bpw ]I-cp-I-bpw sN-ø-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ X-s∂-bm-Wv km-lnXy-hpw \mw Po-hn-°p-∂ C-Sp-ßn-b C-S-ß-fpw Xp-dhn-bp-sS tem-I-am-bv am-dp-∂-Xv. _m-e-N-{μ≥ Np-≈n°m-Sn-\v ]-d-b `m-j-b-dn-bmw F-∂-XvsIm-≠v X-s∂bm-Wv hm-°p-I-fp-sS X¿-÷-a-b-√m-sX, I-hn ar-Zpe-bp-sS a-\- n-s‚ X¿-÷-a km-[y-am-b-Xv. I-Æn-b-‰p t]m-hm-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\m-bv Cu I-hn-Xbn¬ hn-c-ep tIm¿-°p-∂p, h-cn-I-tfm-Sp-≈ C-„Øn¬ D-≈p tN¿-°p-∂p.
icocw Intro Xncn®p]nSnt°≠Xp≠v
jn-_p j¨-ap-Jw
sk-]v-Xw-_¿ ]-Xn-s\ms\m-∂v B-{I-a-W-Øn-\p- ]n-tº DS-se-Sp-Ø `o-I-c-hm-Z- a-Xn-{`-a-Øns‚ A-\-¥-c- ^-e-am-bn tem-I-saºm-Spw ]p-Xn-b Z-fn-X-Xz-Øn-te-°v ]p-dw-X-≈-s∏-´-h-cm-W-t√m C-…mw a-X-ÿ¿. B a-X-sØ-°p-dn-®p-≈ ap≥-hn-[n-I-sf-bpw C-kv-fm-tam-t^m_n-b-sb-bpw F-{X k-a¿-∞-am-bn´m-Wv _p¿-° \n-tcm-[-\-hpw ap-Øem-°p -\n-tcm-[-\-hpw a-‰pw A-c°n-´p-d-∏n-°p-∂-Xv! B-[p-\n-I- temI-Øn-te-°v e-bn-®p- tNcm-\m-hmØ A-]-cn-jv-Ir-Xn-sb-∂ \n-e-bv°p -am-{X-a-√, ap-Jw-aq-Sn-bp-sS-bpw kp-c-£m- ]-cn-tim-[-\-I-fp-sS-bpw \n-co-£-W- kw-hn-[m-\-ß-fp-sS-bpw {In-an-\¬ hy-h-lm-c-Øn-te-°p IqSn X-cw-Xm-gv-Øn-bm-Wv H-cp a-X-Øns‚ ]-c-º-cm-K-X h-kv-{X-[m-c-W coXn-sb A-]-am-\-`m-c-am-bpw P-bn-enS-°m-hp-∂ Ip-‰-hr-Øn-bm-bpw am‰n-Øo¿-°p-∂-Xv. Kym-kvtN-º-dns‚ A-¥y-hn-[n-bn-te-°v Pp-X≥am-sc hn-h-kv-{X-cm-°n \o-≠ h-cnbm-bn \n¿-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se B-[p-\n-I-X-bp-sS ]¿-Æ-im-e-I-fnte-°v aq-Sn-s∏m-Xn-™ hn-a-X-icocß-sf B-´n-sØ-fn-®v, Z-Wv-U-\o-Xnbp-sS _-em¬-°m-c-Øn-ep-sS hnhr-X-am-°n dn-{Iq-´v sN-øp-I-bm-Wv. C-kv-fmw a-X-Øn-s‚ A-I-Øp-\-St°-≠ kzm-`m-hn-I-am-b \-thm∞m-\-Øn-s‚ ]-cn-h¿-Ø-\-߃-°v C-Sw- sIm-Sp-°m-sX-bpw sN-hnsIm-Sp-°m-sX-bp-am-Wv ]p-d-Øp-\n∂p-≈ I-S-∂p-I-b-‰-hpw A-Sn-t®ev-∏n-°-ep-ap-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. h-kv-{Xw D-Sp-°p-∂-Xpw A-gn-°p-∂-Xpw \njv-I-f-¶-hpw kzm-`m-hn-I-hp-am-b {]{In-b-bm-sW-¶n-epw cm-jv-{So-b-Øn\v A-X-ß-s\-b-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠mW-t√m im-k-\m-cq-]-Øn-epw in£-W- cq-]-Øn-epw tÃ-‰n-\v-Nq-c¬h-Sn-bp-am-bn \n¬-t°-≠n-h-cp-∂-Xv. A-Xn-s‚ {]-Xn-tcm-[-sa-∂ \n-e-bv°v \-·-X-bpw h-kv-{X-hpw G-sXms° -hn-[-Øn¬ F-ß-s\-sbm-s° cm-jv-{So-bn-Øn-¬ CS-s]-´p-I-f-bpsa-∂-Xpw A-{]-h-N-\ob-am-bn-cn°pw. \-·-X-bpw h-kv-{X-hpw A{X kz-Im-cy-√, ]-c-a-c-l-kyw Aßm-Sn-∏m-´m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]m-se A-Xv am-\-\-jv-S-Øn-\pw am-\-t\-´-Øn-\pw h-gn-sbm-cp-°n-tb-°mw, P-\m-[n-]Xy-Øn-s‚ B-[n-Iy-am-bn, sI-´pIm-gv-®-bm-bn, Im¿-Wn-h-em-bn AXv G-Xp \n-an-j-hpw hn-[zw-k-I-ambn Xo¿-t∂-°mw. Im-c-Ww A-Xn\-Sn-bn¬ Po-hn-°p-∂-Xv hn-Im-c-\n¿`-c-am-b i-co-c-am-Wv. kv-t\-l-Øns‚ `u-an-I-am-b I-cm-dm-W-t√m ico-cw. C-—-bpw B-k-‡n-bpw B\-μ-hp-am-bn A-Xv ]p-d-Øp- h-∂psIm-t≠-bn-cn-°pw. G-Xp- k-μ¿-`Øn-em-sW-¶n-epw, h-kv-{X-ap-Sp-°p∂-Xpw D-Sp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂p-Xpw Hcp-t]m-se hn-]v-f-h-I-c-am-bn Xo-cmsa-∂-Xm-Wv A-Xn-s‚ A-¥¿-[z-\n. k¿-°m¿-tc-J-I-fn-epw A-t]£m-t^m-d-ß-fn-epw ssh-Zy-im-kv{X-˛-\n-b-a hy-h-lm-c-ß-fn-epw a-‰pw c-≠p- I-≈n-I-fn-em-bn enw-K-\o-Xn{I-a-Øn¬ sh-´n-ap-dn-°-s∏-´ i-coc-sØ kv-{Xo-sb-∂pw ]p-cp-j-s\∂pw hn-fn-°m-tam? Ir-Xy-am-bn hc-™n-S-s∏-´ c-≠p kz-cq-]-ß-fp-sS hn-S-hn¬ ]-Xp-ßn-bn-cn-∏p-≠v "A-cq]n-Iƒ'. ]n-f¿-∏n¬ sN-hn- tN¿Øp-sh-®p-t\m-°q: "\n-»-_v-ZX'sb tIƒ-°mw. H-cp \n-»-_v-ZX-b-√, A-t\-Im-bn-cw \n-»-_v-ZIƒ! A-tX ap-dn-hm-bn-eq-sS-bm-Wv "A-cq-]n-Iƒ' ]p-d-Øp-h-cp-∂-Xpw. `b-t°-≠-Xn-√, B-\-μ-Øn-s‚ \nb-a- ew-L-\-tam \n-b-a -ew-L-\-Øns‚ B-\-μ-tam B-Wv s]m-´n-sbmen-°p-∂-Xv. "{I-a-k-am-[m-\-\n-e' XI-cp-tºm-gm-W-t√m \n-b-a-]m-e-Isc-Øp-I. A-Ø-cw "enw-K-\o-Xn-bpsS' `-c-W-{I-a-Øn-em-Wv X-s‚ ico-cw "B-cm-sW'∂p sX-fn-bn°m≥ -\n¿-_-‘n-X(\m-bn)bm-bnØo-cp-∂-Xv. i-co-c-sØ c-≠n-tesX-¶n-epw tN-cn-bn¬ H-∂n¬ ÿnco-I-cn-®p ÿm-]n-®p "sX-fn-bn'°m-
\p-≈ {I-ao-I-c-W- lnw-k-tbm Itø-‰ -{i-a-tam B-bnØo-cp-∂p ssh-Zy- ]-cn-tim-[-\-I-tfm-tcm-∂pw. \n-߃ A-Xp-am-bn-√ \n-߃ CXp-am-bn-√ F-∂p-]-d-bm-hp-∂ H-g-In∏-c-°p-∂ On-∂-`n-∂-X-I-fm-Wv IrXy-X-I-sf-°m-tf-sd. I-cI-hns™m-gp-Ip-∂-Xp Iq-Sn-bm-Wv \-Zn, C-Sn-bp-∂-Xpw Iq-Sn-bm-Wv I-c. ]√n H-cp Xp-≈n ap-X-e-bpw ]-√n-bpw Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. kz¿-§-tØ-°mƒ {Xn»-¶p kz¿-§-Øn-se k-∂n-Kv-≤- hmk-am-Wv \-ap-°v Nn-c-]-cn-Nn-Xw. Iøm-e-∏p-d-sØ tX-ß A-\y-s‚bpw \-Ωp-sS-bpw ]-d-ºn¬ X-s∂bm-Wv. h-kv-{Xw i-co-c-Øn-s‚ `mK-ta-b-√, \-·-X-bm-Wv h-kv-{XsØ kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂-Xv, ]n-∂o-S-Xv i-co-c-sØ \n¿-h-Nn-®p-sIm-t≠-bncn-°pw. h-kv-{Xw a-\p-jy-Xz-sØ Xn-cn®-dn-bm-\p-≈ sX-fn-sh-Sp-∏m-tbm A-S-bm-f-am-tbm A-[n-Im-c -Zr-jv-Snbn¬ {]-h¿-Øn-°m-dp-≠v. a-\p-jysc kw-h¿-§-ß-fm-bn ]-´n-I-bn¬ tN¿-°m-\p-≈ A-f-sh-Sp-∏p- Iq-Snbm-W-Xv. a-\p-jy-sc ar-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw th¿-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se a\p-jy-sc a-\p-jy-cn¬ \n-∂pw Xe-sb-Æn km-aq-ly-t{i-Wo -{I-aØn¬ Ir-Xy-am-bn X-cw-Xn-cn-°m\pw h-kv-{X-[m-c-Ww klm-bn°pw. h-kv-{X-Øn-\v kv-{Xo/]p-cpj≥, Ip-eo-\≥/{]m-Ir-X≥, km[m-c-W-°m-c≥/hy-Xn-cn-‡≥ F∂n-ß-s\ A-®-´m-bn h-c-™n-´ hSn-hp-I-fp-≠m-°m-\pw I-gn-bpw. At∏m-gm-Wv \n-b-a-ß-sf-sb-√mw XI¿-Øp-sIm-≠v, I-≈n-I-fn-sem-Xpßm-Ø I¿-Xr-Xz-hp-am-bn, i-co-chp-am-bn {Sm≥-kv-sP≥-U¿ h-cp-∂Xv. A-h≥/A-hƒ F-∂n-ß-s\ Ir-Xy-X-bpw hy-‡-X-bpw C√m-ØXp-sIm-≠v h-kv-{X-[m-c-W-hpw k¿h-X-{¥ -kz-X-{¥-am-Im-sX X-c-an√-t√m. kzm-X-{¥yw F-t∏m-gpw Hcp '{]-iv-\-'am-b-Xp-sIm-≠v G-Io-Ic-W- lnw-k-bn-ep-sS A-Xn-s\ sacp-°n-sb-Sp-°m-\m-bn H-´pw A-am¥n-°m-sX \m-ep-h-i-ß-fpw {]-h¿Øn-®p-Xp-S-ßpw. B-[p-\n-I-X-bpw A-Xn-s‚ ]m¿-iz-h¿-Øn-bm-b ^mj≥ P-\-Io-b-X-bpw a-\p-jy-s\ hkv-{X- [m-c-W-Øn-ep-sS Xn-cn-®-dn-bm\m-hm-Ø hn-[w I-e-°n-°-f-s™¶n-epw A-h-s‚ "C-\w' F-s¥-∂v Xn-cn-®-dn-bm-\p-≈ hm-k-\ C-√m-Xmbn I-gn-™p-sh-∂v ]-d-bp-I-h-ø. A-Xv ]p-d-Øp-\n-∂pw A-I-tØ-°pam-dn c-l-ky- km-aq-ln-I-X-bm-bn Xo¿-∂v C-t∏m-gpw a-Ww- ]n-Sn-®psIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. k-h¿-Æ-\msW-¶n¬ A-dn-t™m A-dn-bm-sXtbm A-s√-¶n¬ kz-bw -sh-fn-s∏Sp-Øn-tbm Xm≥-t]m-cn-a-bp-sS X\n-\n-dw ]p-d-Øp-h-cpw. h-kv-{X-ßfp-sS P-\m-[n-]-Xy-am-bn a-d-™p-If-bp-∂ A-h¿-Æ-s\ Ip-‰m-t\z-jW -ssh-Z-Kv-[y-tØm-sS I-s≠Øpw. c-≠m-bm-epw kz-¥w \n-e]m-Sp-X-d D-d-∏n-°p-I A-s√-¶n¬
kz-¥w t]m-Ãv kp-c-£n-X-am-°pI F-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw e-£yw. h-kv-{X-ß-fn-eq-sS kz-¥w ico-c-sØ B-I¿-j-Wo-b-am-bn s]mXp-ÿ-e-Øv Zr-iy-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv \n-jv-{In-b-am-b h-kv-Xp-hm-bn-´-√, k-{In-b-am-b, hn-th-N\m-[n-Im-c-ap≈ hn-j-bn- F-∂ \n-e-bv-°p -Xs∂-bm-Wv. h-kv-{X-hpw \-·-X-bpw ssew-Kn-I-X-bn-te-°p-≈ £-W-]{X-a-√, A-Xv b-Ym¿-∞-Øn¬ "{]tIm-]-\-]-c'˛-ta-b-√. F-¥p-sIm≠v, F-¥n-\m-bn B-cm-Wv "{]-tIm]n-X-\m'Ip-∂-Xv F-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv bYm¿-∞-Øn¬ {]-iv-\w. A-hn-sSbm-Wv hn-th-N-\-Øn-s‚ A-[o-iXz-hpw A-k-a-am-b enw-K-\o-Xn-bpw a-d-\o-°n ]p-d-tØ-°p-h-cp-∂-Xv. s_¬ lp-I-v-kv ]-d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse X-s‚ i-co-c-sØ-°p-dn-®p Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°m-\p-≈ A-h-Im-i-sa∂-Xv {]m-Y-an-I-am-b H-∂m-Wv. th≠m-Ø {`q-W-a-e-kn-∏n-°m-\p-≈ Xo-cp-am-\w, i-co-c-sØ B-\-μ-Øns‚ D-d-hn-S-am-bn Xn-cn-s®-Sp-°m-\p≈ C-—, tj-hp -sN-øm-Xn-cn-°m\pw {_m-bpw ]m‚o-kpw th-s≠∂p sh-bv-°m-\p-ap-≈ Xm-t¥m-∂nXzw, hw-i-Øn-\pw h¿-§-Øn-\pw tZi-Øn-\p-a-Xo-X-am-bn B-Wn-t\mSpw s]-Æn-t\m-Spw C-S-]-g-Im-\pw C-W-tN-cm-\p-ap-≈ kz-X-{¥yw-˛ CsXm-s° kv-{Xo-i-co-cw kz-bw- \n¿Æ-bn-°m≥ Xp-S-ßp-tºmƒ In-´p∂ B-\-μ-am-Wv. (]-c-kv-]-c)B-\μ-Øn-\p th-≠n-bp-≈ kv-{Xo-]-£Øp-\n-∂p-≈ Cu t_m-[-\n-e-sb s_¬ lp-I-v-kv "Hu-´v-tem Iƒ-®dn¬' C-ß-s\-bm-Wv B-tLm-jn°p-∂-Xv: "kv-{Xo-ssew-Kn-I-X-bp-sS kz-bw-\n¿-Æ-b-\-sØ I-s≠-Øp∂ R-ß-tfm-sSm-∏w B-tLm-jn°p-hm≥ B-Wp-ß-sf A-\p-h-Zn°p-∂p. D-`-b- k-Ω-X-tØm-sS-bp≈ ssew-Kn-I sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n-s‚ aq¿-®-bpw B-\-μ-hp-a-\p-`-hn-°m≥ A-h¿-°v A-h-k-c-sam-cp-°p-∂p, \·-sX-sb-bm-Wv R-߃ ]p-ev-Ip∂p-Xv, i-‡n-bpw km-[y-X-bp-ap-≈ H-cp C-S-am-bn R-߃ kv-{Xo-i-coc-sØ Xn-cn-®p-]n-Sn-°p-∂p." \-·-X-bpw h-kv-{X-hpw c-Xnbpw sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n-s‚ kzm-X{¥y-am-bn- Xo-cp-I-bm-Wv, B-\-μØn‚ aq-e-[-\-hpw kz-Xz-t_m-[Øn-s‚ P-\m-b-Ø-aq-ey-hp-am-bn A-Xv h¿-§/h¿-Æ/tZ-i hyXym-kß-fn-√m-sX ssI-am-‰w sN-ø-s∏Sp-∂p.
B-Iv-Sn-hn-Ãp-Iƒ-°v Km-‘n
F-Un≥-_-tdm k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn-se Z-£n-tW-¥y≥ N-cn-{X-hn`m-K-Øn-se ko-\n-b¿ e-Iv-N¿ Talat Ahmed s‚ Cu ]p-Xn-b Km-‘nPo-h-N-cn-{Xw k-a-Im-en-I kw-kv-Ir-Xn-bn¬ Km-‘n-Pn-sb Im-Wp-∂Xn-t\m-Sv k-ap-Nn-X-am-bn {]-Xn-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\v {i-an-°p-∂ H-cp ]p-kvX-I-am-Wv. tem-I-Øn-s‚ hn-hn-[ `m-K-ß-fn-ep-≈ B-Iv-Sn-hn-Ãp-I-fn¬ ]-ecpw X-ß-fp-sS {]-tNm-Z-\ _n-μp-hm-bn Km-‘n-Pn-sb-bm-Wv {]-XnjvTn-°p-∂-Xv. Km-‘n-b≥ k-a-c-co-Xn-I-fpw a-‰pw ]n≥-Xp-S-cp-hm≥ {ian-°p-∂-h-cp-am-Wv. C-Ø-c-°m-cp-sS B-h-iy-am-Wv B Po-hn-X-sØ A-Sp-Ø-dn-bp-I- F-∂-Xv. C-ßs\ A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ {]-tbm-KIu-i-e-߃, X-{¥ ssh-Z-Kv[yw F-∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-s®-√mw Dƒ-°m-gv-N t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°m-hp-∂Xm-Wv. H-∏w A-h-bp-sS ]-cn-anXn-Iƒ Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-I-bpw. G-I]-£o-b-am-bn Km-‘n-`-‡n {]I-S-\-tam Xn-I-®pw \n-tj-[m-flI-am-b hn-e-bn-cp-Ø-tem A-√ Cu ]p-kv-X-I-Øn-s‚ {]-Xn-]mZyw. A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂ Km‘n-Pn-bp-sS a-l-\o-b-X-Iƒs°m-∏w Km-‘n-b≥ k-ao-]-\ß-fn-se ssh-cp-≤y-ß-fpw Cu ]p-kv-X-Iw Nq-≠n-°m-´p-∂p-≠v. Km-‘n-Pn-bp-sS B-Iv-Sn-hnk-sØ-°p-dn-®v A-dn-hv ]-I-cp∂-Xn-s\m-∏w A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ i-‡n-bpw Zu¿-_-ey-hpw Cu ]p-kv-X-Iw I-W-°n-se-Sp-°p∂p. tXm-tdm, d-kv-In≥, en-tbm tSmƒ-tÃm-bn ap-X-em-b-h-cp-am-bp-≈ k-º¿-°w h-gn Km-‘n-Pn-bp-sS Po-hn-X-Z¿-i-\w cq-]w-sIm-≠-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®p-≈ Xm-Xv-]-cy-P-\-I-am-b hn-h-c-W-ß-fpw Cu ]p-kv-X-I-Øn-ep-≠v. H-cp cm-jv-{So-b Po-h-N-cn-{X-am-I-bm¬ ]p-kv-X-I-Øn-se-ºm-Spw cmjv-{So-b {]-ÿm-\-ß-fpw ap-∂-Wn-I-fpw \n-d-™p-\n¬-°p-∂p. Cu {]-ÿm-\-ß-sf B-g-Øn¬ Nn-I-™p ]-cn-tim-[n-°p-I-bpw sN-øp∂p. ln-μp- tZ-io-b-hm-Zn-Iƒ, ap-kv-enw kw-L-S-\-Iƒ, I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv ]m¿-´n, {_n-´o-jv km-{am-Pyw F-∂n-h-sbm-s°-bp-am-bp-≈ Km-‘n-Pnbp-sS sIm-Sp-°¬ hm-ß-ep-I-fpw ]p-kv-X-Iw {]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂p-≠v. Cu-sbm-cp A¿-∞-Øn¬ ]-Xn-hv hm-b-\-°m-tc-°mƒ B-Iv-Sn-hn-ÃpIƒ-°m-bn-cn-°pw Cu ]p-kv-X-Iw {]-[m-\-am-bpw D-]-Im-c-s∏-Sp-I.
A-Sp-Ø e-°-Øn¬
X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-fn-te-°p-≈ Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v
{]-tXy-I te-J-\-߃: F-kv ]n c-hn, bp A-Pn-Xv, hn B¿ h-N-\ Xp-S-ßn-b-h¿
km-ap-ly A-I-e-Øn¬ \n-∂v s]m-Xp-a-bn-te-°v
tIm-hnUm-\-¥-c kn-\n-a-sb ]-‰n kn F-kv sh-¶n-tS-iz-c-\pw
]-{¥-≠p-Im-cn sh-dpw Ip-´n-tbm?
H-cp Zn-h-kw Rm≥ Nn-X-dn-°n-S∂ h¿-Ø-am-\ ]-{X-߃ s]-dp-°n A-Sp-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. A-Xn-semcn-S-Øv H-cp sIm-®p ]-c-kyw. AXn-ß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p: Kp-cp in-jy-s\ tX-Sp-∂p. tem-I-sØ c-£n-°m≥ D-Xv-°-S-amb hm-Rv-O D-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. t\cn¬ Im-Wp-I. A-Xn-s‚ Np-h-´n¬ H-cp ap-dn-bp-sS \-º¿. \-K-c-Øn-se H-cp s]m-fn-™ B∏o-kv sI-´n-SØn-s‚ t]-cpw. ]-{X-∏-c-kyw I-≠m-Wv Rm≥ h-∂n-´p-≈-Xv, ]-{X-Øn¬ ]-c-kyw sIm-Sp-Ø-Xv Xm-¶-f-t√ ? ]-c-kyw C-´-Xv Rm-\m-Wv, ]-t£ A-Xv \n-\-°p th-≠n-b-√, Ip-´n-Iƒ-°p th-≠n-b-√ Xm-¶ƒ F-s∂ Ip-´n F-∂p hn-fn-°p-∂p-thm? F-\n-°v ]-{¥-≠v h-b- m-bn. Im-dp-Iƒ tam-„n-°m≥ I-gn-bp-∂ {]m-bw. A-t_m¿-j≥ \-S-Øm≥ t]m-ep-ap-≈ {]m-b-am-bn. H-c-Sn-]n-Sn \-S-Øm≥ Xo¿®bmbpw I-gn-bp-∂ {]m-bw. F-t∂m-Sv Ft¥ A-ßv kw-km-cn-°m-Ø-Xv ? A-ß-bp-sS ]-c-ky-Øn¬ H-cp hn-Zym¿-∞n-sb th-W-sa-∂-t√ ]d-™n-cp-∂-Xv ? A-ß-s\ X-s∂-bm-Wv i-cn. F-∂m¬ A-tß-s°m-cmsf-°n-´n. Rm≥ Pq-en, C-Xm Rm\n-hn-sS-bp-≠v..... Zm-\n-b¬ Izn-∂n-s‚ C-jv-amtb¬ ko-cn-kn-se B-Zy]p-kv-XIw H-cp K-dn-√-bpw sKm-dn-√-bpw XΩn-ep-≈ kw-hm-Z-am-Wv. c-≠m-a-tØ-Xn¬ sKm-dn-√-sb t\-cn-Sp-∂-sXm-cp ]-{¥-≠v-Im-cn-bmWv. tPm¨-kn am-jpsS hn-h¿-Ø\w. ]p-kv-X-Iw Hu-´v Hm-^v {]n‚mWn-t∏mƒ...
A-Snbpw sX-dn-bpw tPm¿, ]t£...
kn B¿ ]-c-ta-iz-c≥
c-≠v A-`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-߃ am-{X-ta D-≈q. H-∂v, kv-{Xo-hm-Zn-Iƒ D-]-tbm-Kn-® sX-dn-Iƒ Xs∂ h-f-sc kv-{Xohn-cp-≤-am-bn-cp-∂p. kv-{Xo-ku-lrZ-]-c-am-b sX-dn-I-fp-sS £m-aw \-Ωp-sS k-aq-lsØ Xp-dn-®p t\m-°p-∂p. A-Ø-cw £m-aw ]-cn-lcn-°m≥ ap≥-hm-Xn¬ -]n≥-hm-Xn¬ \n-b-a-\-ß-fn-eqsS `m-jm C≥-Ãn-‰yq-´n¬ I-b-dn-∏-‰n-bn-´p-≈ ]-finX-∑m-sc \n-tbm-Kn-°mw. Catch them young kn-≤m¥w A-\p-k-cn-®v _m-en-Im -_m-e-∑m-sc k-÷-cm°m≥ _m-e-km-ln-Xy- C≥-Ãn-‰yq-´n-t\-bpw Ip-d-®p ]-Wn-tb¬-∏n-°mw. c-≠v, kv-{Xo hn-cp-≤-\m-b B-`m-k-s\ ]mTw ]Tn∏n-® s^-an-\n-Ãp-I-fp-sS cm-{„o-bm-\p-`m-h-hpw s^an-\n-k-Øn-s‚ hn-im-e-k-¶¬-∏-ß-fpw X-Ωn¬ h√ s]m-cp-Ø-hp-ap-t≠m? ]n. i-in, B tI-kn¬ Xcw Xm-gv-Øn in-£n-°-s∏-´ ]-cm-Xn-°m-c-\m-b kn. sI.]n. ]-Zv-a-\m-`≥, ]n.sI. i-in, ]m¿-´n Z-√m-fnØw sIm-≠v c-£-s∏-´ sF-kv {Iow ]m¿-e¿, kqcy-s\-√n tI-kp-I-fn-se cm-{„o-b hn.sF.]n {]-XnIƒ, C-h-cm¬ ]o-Un-∏n-°-s∏-´ A-Sn-ÿm-\ h¿-§Øn¬ s]-´ s]¨-Ip-´n-Iƒ, B-Zy tI-kn-t\m-S-\p_-‘n-®p B-fl-l-Xy sN-bv-X c-≠v s]¨-Ip-´n-Iƒ, a-{¥n-bpw a-{¥n-]p-{X-∑m-cpw Dƒ-s∏-´p-sh-∂v B-tcm]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂ In-fn-cq¿, I-hn-bq¿ A-cpw sIm-e-Iƒ. ]q-\-bn¬ ]-cn-tim-[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂ c-≠v h¿-jw an-\s°-´m¬ am-{Xw F-Sp-Øp s]m-¥n-°m-hp-∂ sk{I-´-dn ]p-{X-s‚ A-km-[m-c-W DNA -tI-c-f-Øn-se G-‰-hpw kv-{Xo hn-cp-≤-am-b {]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚ enwK \o-Xn kw-_-‘-am-b _m-°n- ]-{X-am-Wn-Xv. Cu C-S-Xv {]-tXy-Im-h-Im-i-߃-°v ap≥-]n¬ Zp¿-_-e-cm-b \mw \n- -lm-b-cm-Wv F-∂-Xv k-Xyam-Wv. s^-an-\n-Ãn-s\-∂-√, G-Xv kv-{Xo-°pw Cu ]m¿-´n-tbm-Sv tXm-t∂-≠ kzm-`m-hn-I {]-Xn-I-c-Ww A-d-∏pw sh-dp-∏pw B-Wv. A-Xv {]-I-Sn-∏n-®p am-dn \n¬-°m-a-t√m. ]-s£ t\m-°p-I, G-‰-hpw h-en-b A-kw-_-‘w, C-Ø-cw s^-an-\n-Ãp-I-fn¬ `q-cn-`mK-hpw Cu kv-{Xo hn-cp-≤ ]m¿-´n-bp-sS F-¥p lo-\\n-tbm-K-hpw G-s‰-Sp-°p-∂ A-Sn-a-kv-{Xo-I-fm-Wv F∂-Xm-Wv! ]m¿-´n kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-s‚ a-lm-kw-hn-[mb-I≥ C-h¿-°v G-Xp Im-em-h-ÿ-bn-epw am-\-ktNm-c-\m-Wv. Cu A-Sp-Ø Zn-h-kw Iq-Sn I-≠p, ssIc-fn Nm-\-en¬ kz¿-Æ P-eo-en-\v km-£yw ]-d-bm≥ C-t∏mƒ I-Ym-]m-{X-am-b Cu kv-{Xo-sb. C-h¿-°v jp-°q-dn-s‚-bpw jp-ssl-_n-s‚-bpw Ir-t]-jn-s‚-bpw i-c-Xv em-en-s‚-bpw {]m-b-Øn-ep≈ B¨-a-°-fp-≠m-Ipw. ap≥-]-d-™ Ip-´n-I-fp-sS sIm-e-Iƒ B-kq-{X-Ww sN-øp-I am-{X-a-√ sIm-ebm-fn-I-sf kw-c-£n-°m≥ s]m-Xp-∏-Ww D-]-tbmKn-®v kp-{]ow tIm-S-Xn h-sc t]m-bn hy-h-l-cn-°pI-bpw sN-øp-∂p C-h¿ B-cm-[n-°p-∂ t\-Xr-kwLw. C-Ø-cw I-im-∏p-Im-sc B-cm-[n-°p-∂ A-Ωa-\- m-£n F-¥p X-cw a-\- m-£n B-Wv? Nn-{Xte-J-bpw hn-\o-X tIm-´m-bn-bpw sI. sI. c-a-bpw F-{X Im-e-am-bn th-´-bm-S-s∏-Sp-∂p? Cu-bn-sS B-
NnIn’ tXtS≠ B¨aebmfw
¥q-cn¬ B-fl-l-Xy sN-bv-X k-Jm-hv km-P-s‚ `mcy-sb ]m¿-´n-∏-{X-hpw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I \m-b-I-∑m-cpw A-`n-km-cn-I-bm-bm-Wv hn-ti-jn-∏n-®-Xv. A-t∏m-sgm∂pw N-en-°m-Ø s^-an-\n-kw F-¥v s^-an-\n-kamWv? F-¥m-bm-epw A-Sn-°pw sX-dn-°pw ]q¿-Æ sFIy-Zm¿-Vyw B-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p. \-ap-°v sN-øm-hp-∂Xv sN-bv-Xp. F. hn-P-b-cm-L-h-s\-sbm a-Wn-bm-im s\-tbm A-Sn-°p-I-bpw I-cn-tbm-bn¬ H-gn-°p-∂-Xpw t]m-bn-´v In-dn-°n-´v H-∂v tXm-≠p-∂-Xv t]m-epw k¶¬-∏n-°m≥ \-Ωp-sS s^-an-\n-k-Øn-\p ]m-ßn-√. F-∂m-epw C-\n-b-sØ X-h-W ]p-gp-k-am-\-\mb H-cp s]¿-th¿-´n-s\ I-øn¬ In-´p-tºmƒ X-√m\pw sX-dn- ]-d-bm-\pw, A-Sn-a-kv-{Xo-sb-b-√, H-∂m¥-cw H-cp kz-X-{¥ s^-an-\n-Ãn-s\ X-s∂ \-ap-°v A-b-°-Ww. ap-Jw H-c-®p H-c-®p I-gp-In-tb-cv...
B-jv A-jn-X
\n-b-aw I-øn-se-Sp-°m≥ B-cm-Wv Cu s]-Æp-߃°v A-[n-Im-cw \¬-In-b-Xv? C-hn-sS t]m-eo-kv Ct√? A-s√-¶n¬ Iq-sS-bp-≈ B-Wp-ß-tfm-Sv ]-d™m¬ t]m-tc? th-W-sa-¶n¬ A-h-s‚ I-øpw Imepw X-√n Hm-Sn-t®-s\. X-√m≥ ]-d-™m¬ sIm-∂phcp-∂ B-Wp-߃ tI-c-f-Øn¬ C-s√-∂m-tWm? {]tXy-In-®pw s]-Æp-ß-sf A-]-am-\n-s®-∂p tI-´m¬ G-Xv k-tlm-Z-c-∑m-cm-Wv t\m-°n-bn-cn-°p-I. A-hs\ sh-´ns°m-∂n-´v ho-Spw I-Øn-®p am-\w Im-°nt√? C-Xn-t∏m C-h-fp-am-cv tjm Im-Wn-°m≥ th≠n H-cp B-Wn-s\ X-√m≥ t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ho-Untbm F-Sp-t°-≠ Im-cyw F-¥m-Wv? B-Wp-߃ X-e sh-´p-tºmƒ ho-Un-tbm F-Sp-°m-dp-t≠m? A√, s^-an-\n-®n-I-sf Ip-dn-®v A-h≥ ]-d-™-sXm-s° D-≈-X-t√? B-bn-c-߃ A-sXm-s° tI-´p. Ah¿-s°m-∂pw X-√m-t\m Nm-\¬ ]q-´n-°m-t\m tXm∂n-bn-√-t√m. A-t∏m tI-c-f-Øn-se `q-cn-]-£w Bfp-I-fpw A-bm-fp-sS Iq-sS-bm-Wv. sX-dn hn-fn-°p-∂ s]-Æp-߃. tlm! B-Wp-߃ ]-d-bp-∂ A-tX sX-dn-b-t√ C-sXm-s°? t^-kv-_p-°n¬ H-s° h∂v- t^m-t´m am-‰n-°-fn-°p-∂ C-h-fp-am-sc I-≠m-edn-bn-t√ Ip-Spw-_-Øn¬ tI-‰m≥ sIm-≈n-s√-∂v... A-h-\v- C-Øn-cn-Iq-sS I-øq-°v D-≠m-cp-t∂¬ C-hfp-am-cp-sS I-c-Ww A-Sn-®p ]p-I-t®-s\... F-s∂ms°-bm-Wv \n-߃-°pw tXm-∂p-∂-sX-¶n¬ t]m-bn \-∂m-bn ap-Jw H-c-®p H-c-®p I-gp-In-tb-cv. \n-ß-fpsS ap-J-Øpw Ip-d-®p I-cn Hm-bn¬ ho-Wn-´p-≠v...
D-tam-P: B-Wn-\v hn-e-°p-≈ {Km-aw
]n.C. Dj
"D-tam-P 'F-∂ kzm-ln-en hm°n-\¿-∞w Iq-´m-bv-a F-∂m-Wv. sI-\n-b A-S-°-ap-≈ B-{^n-°≥ cm-Py-ß-fn-se `m-j-bm-Wv kzm-lnen. 1990 ¬ B-Wv D-tam-P F-∂ Cu s]¨-{Km-aw ÿm-]n-°p-∂-Xv. ]m-c-º-cy-am-bn B-Sp-am-Sp-I-sf h-f¿-Øn Po-hn-®p h-cp-∂ k-aql-am-Wv kw-_p-cp. kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS A-h-ÿ ]-cn-Xm-]-I-c-am-Wv. A-h¿°p `q-an-t°m A-I-∂p-Im-en-Iƒt°m A-h-Im-i-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. \n¿-_-‘ hn-hm-l-ß-fpw t\-csØ-bp-≈ hn-hm-l-ß-fpw ]-Xn-hmbn-cp-∂p. A-Xp-t]m-se kv-{Xo-Iƒ°p-≈ tN-em-I¿-Ω-hpw D-≠m-bncp-∂p. tN-em-I¿-a-Øn-\p hn-t[-bam-Im-Ø kv-{Xo-Iƒ-°v hn-hm-lw I-gn-°m≥ ]m-Sn-√ F-∂-Xm-Wv \nb-aw. A-h¿-°p Ip-´n-Iƒ D-≠mbm¬ A-h-sc sIm-∂pI-f-bp-am-bncp-∂p. A-ß-s\ D-≈ Im-e-Øp X-s∂-bm-Wv sI-\n-bbn¬ ]-cn-ioe-\-Øn-\m-bn \n-b-an-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂ {_n-´o-jv ]-´m-f-°m-cm¬ A-hn-SsØ kv-{Xo-Iƒ _-em¬-kw-Kw sN-øs∏-´-Xpw. Im-cy-am-b {]-Xntj-[w D-b¿-Øm≥ A-hn-sS-sØ k-aq-l-Øn-\m-bn-√. C-ß-s\ A-
Xn-{I-a-Øn-∂n-c-bm-b kv-{Xo-I-sf k-aq-l-Øn-\p-≈n¬ \n-∂pw H-‰-s∏Sp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. A-ß-s\-bp≈ kv-{Xo-I-sf k-lm-bn-®-Xn-s‚ t]-cn-em-Wv d-t_-°-bv-°p X-√psIm-t≈-≠n h-∂-Xv. d-t_-° 15 h-b- n¬ X-s∂ tN-em-I-¿a-Øn-\p hn-t[-b-am-bn-cp∂p. 18 h-b- n¬ hn-hm-ln-X-bp-ambn. {_n-´o-jv ]-´m-f-Øn¬ \n-∂v A-Xn-{I-aw t\-cn-´ kv-{Xo-I-sf Ah¿ k-lm-bn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. C-Xns‚ t]-cn¬ Ip-sd ]p-cp-j-∑m¿ tN¿-∂v A-h-sc X-√n-®-X-®p. Ah-cp-sS `¿-Øm-hn-t\m-Sv Cu hn-hcw A-h¿ I-c-™p]-d-™p. F∂m¬ A-bmƒ A-Xv tI-´-Xm-bnt∏m-epw `m-hn-®n-√. a-‰p-≈-h-cpw Cu A-Xn-{I-a-Øn-\v t\-sc hn-c¬ Nq-≠n-bn-√. d-t_-° A-bm-sf hn-´p am-dn Xm-a-kn-°m≥ Xp-S-ßn. A-ß-s\bm-Wv s]-Æp-ß-fp-sS {Km-aw F∂ B-i-bw D-S-se-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. Ahn-Sw A-Xn-{I-a-Øn-∂n-c-bm-b kv{Xo-Iƒ-°v- A-Xn-{I-aan-√m-sX Xma-kn-°m-\p-≈-Xm-Wv. B ap-≈p th-en-°-I-tØ-°v B-Wp-߃-°v {]-th-i-\-an-√. kv{Xo-I-fp-sS {Kma-Øn-s‚ \n-b-a-߃ ]m-en-®p-sIm≠v k-μ¿-in-°mw, ]-s£ Xm-a-kn°m≥ A-\p-hm-Z-an-√. "D-tam-P' B-cw-`n-°p-∂-Xv 1990 em-Wv. A-h-cp-sS sN-e-hp-Iƒ-°mbn A-h¿ ]-e Im-cy-߃ ]-co£n-®p. A-h-cp-sS km-[m-c-W sXmgn-em-b I-∂p-Im-en h-f¿-ج {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-bn-√. A-Xn-\pti-jw ]-c-º-cm-K-X-am-b Nn-e ssI-sØmgn-ep-I-fn¬ G¿-s∏-´n-cn-°p-Ibm-Wv C-hn-S-sØ kv-{Xo-Iƒ. C-ß-s\ ]Ww k-ºm-Zn-®m-Wv A-h¿ kv-Iqƒ Xp-S-ßp-∂-Xv. Ip-´n-Iƒ-°v ]Tn-°m\p-≈ ku-I-cyw A-h-cp-sS {]-Y-a ]-cn-K-W-\-bm-Wv. kv{Xo-Iƒ-°v B-cp-tSbpw A-Sn-sIm-≠v In-S-t°≠-Xn-√. A-h¿-°v "D-tam-P'bn¬ A-h-cp-sS Ip-´n-I-fp-am-bn h-∂p Xma-kn-°mw sXm-gn¬ sN-bv-Xp Bsc-bpw t]-Sn-°m-sX Po-hn-°mw. Dt]-£n-°-s∏-´p H-cp h-gn-bp-an-√msX Nn-e e-l-cn-]m-\o-b-߃ hm‰n Po-hn-°p-tºmƒ P-bn-en-em-bnt∏m-b kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS Ip-´n-I-sf I-gp-X-∏p-en-Iƒ Xn-∂p-∂ kw-`-h߃ h-sc A-hn-sS D-≠m-bn-´p≠v. A-hn-sS-bm-Wv "D-tam-P' kv-{XoIƒ-°v X-W-em-Ip-∂Xv. "D-tam-P'bpw ]-e-X-h-W A-{Ian-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. h-gn-X-S-b¬, kv{Xo-I-sf X-√n®X-°¬ F-∂n-ßs\. ]n-s∂ "D-tam-P' B `q-an Gsd ]-cn-{i-an-®v hn-e -sIm-Sp-Øp taSn-®p. d-t_-° X-s∂-bm-Wv Cu Iq-´m-bv-a-°v t\-Xr-Xzw sIm-Sp-°p∂-Xv. "D-tam-P'bn¬ 50 e-[n-Iw kv{Xo-I-fpw 200 Hm-fw Ip-´n-I-fpw D≠v. 2010 ¬ t•m-_¬ eo-U¿-jn∏v A-hm¿-Uv e-`n-®-Xv d-t_-°-°v B-Wv. ]-Xn-sb-∏-Xn-sb B-sW-¶nepw F-¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv Cu s]Æp-߃ t]m-bn B-Wp-ß-fn-√msX X-s∂ th-sd {Km-aw ÿm-]n®p Po-hn-Xw Xp-S-ßn-b-Xv F-∂v Ahn-S-sØ B-Wp-߃ a-\- n-em°n Xp-Sßn-bn-´p-≠v F-∂m-Wv dt_-° ]-d-bp-∂-Xv. A-Xp X-s∂bm-Wv Cu Iq-´m-bv-a-bp-sS hn-Pbhpw.
