Shenzhen Sustainable Urban Planning & UDPIS’ Practices Part 1
Urban Planning ＆ Design Institute of Shenzhen Li Li 10/31/2013
Shenzhen Sustainable Urban Planning & UDPIS’ Practices Part 1
1. 2. 3.
Background Overview Project 1: Shenzhen International Low-carbon City
Part 2
4.
Project 2: Urban Renewal
1. Background
Unsustainable of China Quick growth Problems of Land, Ecology, Community‌
Shenzhen: Pioneering City of China Innovation is the soul of Shenzhen.
中国-深圳
第一个低碳生态示范市 The first model low-carbon city 深交所创业板 GEM
最低工资最高 The highest minimum wage 第一个没有农村 The first city without rural residents
土地交易法规 Land transaction regulations 首届高交会 The 1st ICIF
深港合作 Hong Kong-Shenzhen cooperation 第一间外资零售业购物广场 The first foreign-funded shopping center 二次创业 Start anew
率先直选 First direct election 邓小平南巡 Deng Xiaoping’s southern China tour 第一个证券交易所 The first stock exchange
住房改革 Housing reform 土地拍卖第一槌 The 1st land auction 最先股份制改造 The first to launch share restructuring 华侨城崛起 The rise of ECT 创造深圳速度 Shenzhen Speed
时间就是金钱 Time is money 第一个工程招标 The 1st project bid 深圳特区成立 Shenzhen Special Economic Zone established
2010 2000 1990 1980
4 Unsustainable things of Shenzhen Land and space; Energy and water Resources; GDP by labor input and population; Environmental)
Population :10,357,938 (2010) Area: 1,989 skm (970 can’t use)
UPDIS, A urban planning & design institude growing up with Shenzhen Experience in Sustainable Planning 序号 No.
年份 Year
项目名称 Project Name
1
2010
深圳市绿道网专项规划 Shenzhen Greenway Planning
2
2012
深圳国际低碳城启动区项目开发投融资规划 Development, Investment and Financing Plan for Shenzhen’s Low-Carbon City Pilot Project
3
2012
落实低碳生态目标的法定图则和城市更新单元规划编制指引研究 Study on Implementing the Low Carbon Statutory Plan and Formulating Urban Improvement Plans
4
2011
广深港光明站门户区低碳生态及低冲击开发启动示范区详细规划及实施方案 Detailed Implementation Plan on the Pilot Area for Low Carbon Ecology and Low-Impact Development in the Guangming Portal Zone That Connects Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong
5
2012
佛山低碳城市建设研究 Study on Transforming Foshan into a Low-Carbon City
6
2006
深圳市基本生态控制线及管理规定 Shenzhen’s Basic Ecological Control Line and Regulations
7
2007
大鹏半岛保护与发展管理规定 Rules on the Management of Dapeng Peninsula’s Protection and Development
8
2003
深圳市东部滨海地区规划实施策略研究 Study on the Strategy of Implementing the Plan for Shenzhen’s Eastern Coastal Area
9
2006
东涌水库生态和区域功能定位专题研究 Study on the Ecology and Functions of Dongchong Reservoir
10
2008
深圳市坪山环境园详细规划 Detailed Plan on Shenzhen’s Pingshan Ecological Park
11
2010
广东省深圳市低碳生态城市指标体系研究 Study on the Index System for Transforming Shenzhen into a Low-Carbon City
12
2008
深圳市雨洪利用系统布局规划 Layout Plan on Shenzhen’s System for Rainwater and Floodwater Utilization
13
2007
深圳市再生水布局规划及海水利用研究 Study on Shenzhen’s Recycled Water Layout Plan and Seawater Utilization
14
2010
光明新区低冲击开发雨水综合利用示范区整体工作方案 Master Work Plan on the Pilot Area for the Comprehensive Utilization of Rainwater through Low-Impact Development in Guangming New District
15
2008
光明新区再生水及雨洪利用详细规划 Detailed Plan on the Utilization of Recycled Water, Rainwater and Floodwater in Guangming New District
16
2009
深圳光明新城“绿色城市”规划标准研究-绿色市政专题 Study on ‘Green City’ Planning Standards for Guangming New District -- Green Urban Planning
17
2009
盐田区雨洪利用实施规划研究 Study on the Plan for Rainwater and Floodwater Utilization in Yantian District
18
2008
东部滨海地区防洪工程及雨洪利用规划研究 Study on the Plan for Flood Control Projects and Rainwater and Floodwater Utilization in Eastern Coastal Areas
19
2010
深圳2号绿道龙岗段初设到施工图设计 Construction Drawing Design for the Longgang Section of Shenzhen Greenway 2
20
2010
深圳2号绿道宝安段初设到施工图设计Construction Drawing Design for the Baoan Section of Shenzhen Greenway 2
2. Overview of Shenzhen Sustainable Urban Planning
1. 优化空间结构，引导城市紧凑发展 Optimize spatial structure to develop a space-efficient city 深圳一直坚持从维护城市自然生态本底出发，设置大型区域绿地和生态廊道， 发展，构建了合 理的“组团式”城市格局形态，这不仅为城市提供了低碳的“呼吸空间”，也很好地为深圳的快速 发展提供了弹性与适应性。 Shenzhen has focused on building a large green space and ecological corridor to protect the city’s ecosystem and develop an optimized “cluster“-based urban structure. This not only creates a low-carbon "breathing space“ but also infuses flexibility and adaptability into Shenzhen’s rapid development.
86 版《深圳经济特区总体规划（1986－2000）》 Master Plan for Shenzhen Special Economic Zone (1986-2000)
Master Plan for Shenzhen Special Economic Zone
Master Urban Plan for Shenzhen (1996-2010) – Urban Layout Plan
96 版《深圳市城市总体规划（1996-2010）》 Shenzhen Master Plan(1996-2010),
1. 优化空间结构，引导城市紧凑发展 Optimize spatial structure to develop a space-efficient city 最新的10版总规继续坚持并延续了组团式的格局 The 2010 master plan continues with the cluster structure. 未来将以中心城区为核心，以西、中、东三条发展轴和南、北两条发展带为基本骨架，形成“三轴两带多中心”的轴带 组团结构。 Looking ahead, Shenzhen will form three development axes (West, Middle, East), two lines (North, South), and multiple centers based on the city’s natural and ecological conditions. Dongguan
Huizhou
Guangzhou
Western coastal area Songgang
Eastern area
Guangming New Urban Center
Huiyang
Central area
Shajing Guanlan Pinghu
Longgang Center
Zhongshan, Jiangmen
Pingshan New Urban Center
Daya Bay
Henggang Airport City
Longhua Center
Mouth of the Pearl River
Buji
Eastern coastal area Daya Bay
Qianhai Center
Zhuhai, Macao
Kuichong
Futian-Luohu Center
Central district Dapeng Bay Shenzhen Bay
Hong Kong S.A.R.
2. 创新地划定生态控制线，奠定城市生态安全格局 Draw an ecological control line as the groundwork for the city’s ecological safety 2005年深圳市正式划定了国内第一条基本生态控制线，并颁布相应的政策条文，生态控制线内土 地面积为974平方公里，约占全市总面积的一半。 Shenzhen published China’s first Eco-Control Line in 2005 to legally mark half of the city’s urban area (around 974 km²) as greenbelt land.
Dongguan
Huizhou
Hong Kong S.A.R. 深圳市基本生态控制线 Shenzhen's basic ecological control line
3. 在有限的空间内，选择建设战略性节点，向节点要效益 Select strategic nodes within a limited space and utilize these nodes
Dongguan
Huizhou
龙岗中心
Longgang Center
光明中心
坪山中心
Pingshan Center
Guangming Center
龙华中心
Longhua Center
Mouth of
前海中心 Qianhai Center
福田－罗湖中心 Futian-Luohu Center
盐田中心
Yantian Center
the Pearl River Shenzhen Bay
三级城市中心体系 3-tier urban center system
Daya Bay Dapeng Bay
3. 在有限的空间内，选择建设战略性节点，向节点要效益 Select strategic nodes within a limited space and utilize these nodes 前海深港现代服务业合作示范区 Shenzhen-Hong Kong modern service industry cooperation zone in Qianhai
4. 优化产业布局，促进产城一体化发展 Optimize industry layout to promote the integration of industrial and urban functions
工业园区——产业集聚区——产城融合 Industry park - Industry cluster - Integration of urban and production facilities
Dongguan Maozhou River
Huizhou
Pingshan central district Shajing-Songgang Green Corridor
Songgang
Gongming-Songgang Green Corridor Pingdi Gongming
Longgang River
Guangming New Town
Shajing-Songgang Central Area
Guangming Longgang market town
Shajing
Longgang
Guanlan River
Western riverside area of Shajing
Kengzi Pingshan New Town
Universiade New Town
Baoan
Henggang-Longgang Green Corridor Pinghu
Pingshan River Pingshan-Longgang Green Corridor
Shiyan
Dalang
Fuyong Shenzhen Baoan International
Longgang District
Airport
Tiegang-Xili-Shiyan Reservoir
Pingshan
Buji-Bantian Green Corridor
Area around Shenzhen Airport Bantian Nanwan Longhua New Town
Henggang
Buji
Kuichong
Mingzhi Xixiang
Buiji central district
Yantian District Tanglang
Dapeng
Special economic zone
Xin’an
Daya Bay
Sungang-Qingshuihe zone
Luohu District Xinda-Longqi Bay zone
Mouth of
Futian District
Nanshan District
Luohu CBD
Dapeng Bay Nan’ao
the Pearl Shenzhen Bay zone
River
Qianhai Zone
Shenzhen Bay
Hong Kong S.A.R.
特别政策地区规划图 Map of Areas Entitled to Special Policies
5. 转变发展理念，促进土地集约利用 Reshape development concepts and promote intensive land use
严控新增建设用地，挖掘存量土地潜力 Strictly limit the increase of land used for construction and explore the potential of existing land
提出“增改用地”概念：每年新增建设用地供给逐渐降低，改造用地规模逐步提高，力争规划 期内改造用地规模大于新增用地。 Propose the concept of “increasing and reforming land use”: Given the falling supply of new land and growing area of land for renovation each year, ensure that the area of land for renovation exceeds new land supply during the planning period.
规划到2020年，全市城市建设用地规模控制在890km2以内，在2007年基础上仅新增140km2。 By 2020, Shenzhen land used for urban construction will be limited to 890km², a moderate rise of 140km²over the 2007 level.
用地规模 Land used
2010年 2010
2015年 2015
2020年 2020
5. 转变发展理念，促进土地集约利用 Reshape development concepts and promote intensive land use 适度提高轨道交通和城市节点地区开发强度 Step up efforts to develop regional rail transport systems and urban nodes
Dongguan Huizhou
Daya Bay Mouth of the Pearl River
Dapeng Bay
Shenzhen Bay
Hong Kong S.A.R. Nanhai
受交通区位影响的带状高密度分布形态
High-Density Belts That Vary with Regional Traffic
5. 转变发展理念，促进土地集约利用 Reshape development concepts and promote intensive land use 应用TOD理论，对轨道沿线实施上盖物业开发 Develop metro properties based on TOD theory
塘朗段上盖物业
西乡段上盖物业
Metro properties along the Tanglang section
Metro properties along the Xixiang section
龙华段上盖物业
蛇口段上盖物业
Metro properties along the Longhua section
Metro properties along the Shekou section
5. 转变发展理念，促进土地集约利用 Reshape development concepts and promote intensive land use 积极利用地下空间，拓展空间资源 Fully utilize underground space to expand the resource base
Underground space planning of Luo Hu
5. 转变发展理念，促进土地集约利用 Reshape development concepts and promote intensive land use 鼓励用地功能混合
常用土地用途混合使用引导表 Mixed Use of Land
Encourage mixed land use 用地性质 Purpose 大类Category
R 居住用地 Land for residential use
Life Work
C商业服务业用地 Land for commercial use GIC政府社团用地 Land for government & organization use
M 工业用地 Industrial land
Leisure
Transport
中类Class R1一类居住用地 Class 1 residential land R2二类居住用地 Class 2 residential land
鼓励混合使用的用 地性质 Encouraged mixes
可混合使用的用 地性质 Mixes
_
C4
C1
C2，C4
C1
C4，M1，W1
_
R2
_
R2
_
C1 ， C2 ， C3 ， C4
GIC3体育用地 Land for sports facilities
_
C1 ， C2 ， C3 ， C4
M1一类工业用地 Class 1 industrial land
C2
W1，C1，R3
_
W1
R3三类居住用地 Class 2 residential land C1商业用地 Commercial land C2商业性办公用地 Land for commercial office GIC2文化设施用地 Land for cultural facilities
M2二类工业用地 Class 2 industrial land
W物流 仓储用地 Land for logistics & storage
W1普通物流仓储用地 Land for ordinary logistics & storage use
C1
M1，C2，R3
S 交通用地 Land for transport facilities
S3交通场站用地 Land for traffic stations
C1，C2
R2
6. 以综合整治、功能改变、拆除重建等更新改造模式，大力推进城市更新 Accelerate urban renewal through comprehensive treatment, functional change, demolition and reconstruction
大芬村综合整治
蛇口沿山路旧工业区升级改造
Comprehensive treatment in
Upgrade old industrial areas on Yanshan Road,
Dafen Village
Shekou
原则 Principles 公共利益优先，有效保障民生 保障规划落实，促进集约发展
Prioritize public interest to benefit society Implement plans to promote intensive development
对象 Targets for renewal : 旧工业区、旧商业区、旧住宅区、 城中村（旧屋村）
Urban villages, old industrial areas, old towns
模式：综合整治、功能改变、拆除重建 Renewal models: Comprehensive treatment, functional change, demolition and reconstruction 基本单位：城市更新单元 Basic unit: urban renewal unit 更新实施机制：政府引导、市场运作 Led by government and operated by the market
岗厦村城市更新（拆除重建）
Renewal of Gangxia Village (demolition and reconstruction)
7. 优化基础设施布局，促进资源循环利用 Optimize infrastructure layout and promote the recycling of resources.
水战略：水资源保障、水环境恢复、水安全保障 Water utilization strategy: guarantee water resources, restore the water environment, and ensure water safety
污水厂和再生水厂布局规划 Layout Plan for Wastewater Treatment Plants and Recycled Water Plants
8. 在光明、坪山等地区进行试点，探索低冲击开发模式 Experiment with Low-Impact Development (LID) in GuangMing and Pingshan. 以低冲击开发为理念，开展再生水、雨洪利用及共同沟等市政规划。 Underpinned by LID, develop urban planning that covers the utilization of recycled water, rainwater and flood water, and combined ducts.
坪山河流域低冲击开发模式
光明门户区低冲击市政道路
Low-Impact development model for Pingshan River
Low-Impact urban roads in Guangming
Drainage Basin
Portal Zone
9. 公共交通与绿色出行 Public transport and green Commuting Metro System
9. 公共交通与绿色出行 Public transport and green Commuting 2 regional greenway: 300 Km 25 City greenway: 500 Km Community greenway : 1200 Km, coverage up to 1.3 km / km²
3. Project 1 Shenzhen International Low-carbon City
Background
2010
China-Europe Flagship Project for Sustainable Urbanization
Shenzhen China-Netherlands Low-carbon City Next Generation Infrastructures
2012
Shenzhen International Low-carbon City
High-level Submit for China-Europe Urbanization Partnership held in Brussels on May 3, 2012 A sustainable urbanization partnership between Shenzhen and its EU counterparts
Location: At Shenzhen’s northeastern edge--the intersection of the three cities of Shenzhen, Dongguan and Huizhou
东 莞 坪地街道
Dongguan
光明新城 Guangming
Pingdi sub-district
惠 州 Huizhou
龙岗中心城 坪山新城
Longgang City Center
Pingshan
大空港 Airport
龙华新城 Longhua
盐田中心 前海 Qianhai
福田-罗湖中心
大鹏新区 Dapeng
Yantian
Fu Tian – Luo Hu center
香
港
Hong Kong
27
Pingdi: A superior environment, surrounded by mountains on three sides
至惠州 To Huizhou city
Pingdi Sub-district, Longgang District Covers 9 neighborhood committees Population: 250,000
城际铁路站 Intercity rail station 坪地镇中心站
坪地小学站 Pingdi Primary School Station
坪地车辆段站 Pingdi section
规划3号线延长线 Extension to subway Line 3
28
至深圳 To Shenzhen
至龙岗中心城 To Longgang District Center
至坪山 To Pingshan
Current Land Use 用地 代码 Land Code R C
GIC M T S U G
E
W 合计 Total
30
用地性质 Land use 居住用地 Residential 商业服务业设施 用地 Commercial 政府社团用地 Gov’t & Commun. 工业用地 Industrial 对外交通用地 Transportation 道路广场用地 Roads & Plazas 市政公用设施 用地 Municipal utilities 绿地 Green space 水域和其它非城 市建设用地 Water bodies & non-urban, nonconstruction land 仓储用地 Warehouse
用地面积 （公顷） Land area (HA)
百分 (%) Percentage
402.62
7.54
16.3
0.3
46.56
0.86
1061.19
19.86
17.53
0.33
84.65
1.58
46.40
0.87
70.41
1.33
3592.00
67.23
5.17
0.1
5342.84
100
Strategic Positioning
国家低碳发展综合试验区
National Low-carbon Development Pilot Area 气候友好城市先行区 Climate-Friendly Pioneering Area
低碳产业发展集聚区 A Cluster of Low-Carbon Industries 低碳生活模式引领区
A Leader in Low-Carbon Lifestyle 国际低碳合作示范区 A Demonstration Area for Low-Carbon Lifestyle 31
中国既往的城镇化走的是资源能源高消耗，粗放式的的城市建设，重视产业的城市化而忽略人的城市化， 因此面对这些社会经济转型发展过程中的巨大问题，低碳实践应积极探索发展新模式，以低碳经济引领城市经
济转型，以人为本，服务城市发展新需求。 Previously, China followed a resource and energy-intensive urbanization model that prioritized industrialization over people’s needs. To address these huge challenges amid socioeconomic
transformation, we should explore new development models, embrace a low-carbon economy, focus on
people, and meet new urban development needs.
低碳 实践 Low-Carbon Practice
探索城市发展新模式 Explore New Urban Development Models 引领产业转型新方向 Lead the Trends of Industry Transformation 服务城市发展新需求 Serve New Urban Development Needs
深圳国际低碳城：比肩并超越世界领先的低碳城市 International Low-Carbon City: Outpace World-Leading Low-Carbon Cities
单位GDP碳排放 Unit GDP carbon emission
2015年0.54吨CO2/万元，低于2008年亚洲先进国家/地区水平
0.54 ton of CO2/10,000 yuan by 2015, below the 2008 levels of Asia’s leading countries
2020年0.32吨CO2/万元，比2010年下降73%，低于或接近2008年欧洲先进国家 水平，低于深圳市预期的同期碳排放强度46.6%。
0.32 ton of CO2/10,000 yuan by 2020, down 73% from the 2010 level, below or close to the 2008 levels of Europe’s leading countries, and 46.6% lower than Shenzhen’s expected carbon density over the same period
单位GDP碳排放(吨CO2/万元) Unit GDP carbon emission (tons of CO2/10,000 yuan) 2.5
2.27
2.0 1.58
-30.6%
1.5 1.18
0.98 1.0 0.60 -38.9%
0.5
0.32
0.0 2010
中国 China
2020
2010
2020
深圳 Shenzhen
2010
2020
低碳城 Low-carbon city
-72.9%
We don’t want: A city that builds on low-carbon technologies but lacks a human touch; A city that places dwellings above industry;
A city that yields a high RoI but doesn’t deserve special mention.
Planning Objectives
We aim to: Develop innovative low-carbon industries Promote a people-oriented, low-carbon lifestyle Lead the low-carbon trends
Build a city of tomorrow
35
Mission
Clustering
Demonstration
Output
先进发展要素
营城模式
复合价值最优导向的价值观
技术高效集成
低碳的生产生活方式
深圳国际低碳城模式 先进的城市产品
Advanced development factors; Optimized integration of technologies 36
Urban operation model: A low-carbon style of production and life
An optimized combination of values; Shenzhen model for international low-carbon cities; Cutting-edge urban products
Industrial positioning
高端装备制造业 High-end equipment manufacturing 生命健康产业 Healthcare 节能环保产业 Energy saving 低碳新能源产业 Low-carbon new energy 低碳服务业 Low-carbon services
绿色都市农业 Green urban agriculture
低碳制造 Low-carbon manufacturing 低碳科研 Low-carbon R&D
低碳服务 Low-carbon services 低碳农业 Low-carbon agriculture
37
3 Levels of Planning
启动区 Pilot Area
1km2
Expansion Area
国际低碳城
5km2
International Low-carbon City
拓展区
2 53.4km
38
Master Plan 53.4km2 Establish framework
拓展区 Expansion Area
5km2
鸟瞰示意图 启动区鸟瞰图 Aerial View of the Pilot Area
总平面图 Master Plan
42
鸟瞰图 Aerial view
43
This is the most difficult project
New
Complicated Important
Urgent Not finished yet
Behind the Plan 1. Awkward time step
Plan beginning at July of 2012. But government want something be building before June of 2013. We design the pilot area first. Begin at July of 2012. Then , the plan of whole area and the expansion area begin at the same time, at March of 2013. It must be finished in this year.
Behind the Plan 2. Wide but not too in-depth international cooperation
8 team working in this project. (different Company and University in China ). A lot of Consultant in the world. Foreign company cannot follow the steps, because is too fast.
Behind the Plan 3. Balance between Pragmatic plan and Show Political leaders need something to show，especially new technology. Natural gas distributed energy Waste to Energy New Building …….. We need to guaranty that this plan can be practiced. Industrial People Money ………
Behind the Plan 4. Trade-offs between different “Boss� Shenzhen government: Promote industrial restructuring for whole area. Big ambition A lot of ideal about the Plan Local government: Less demolition of village and factory Less ambition Ignoring Plan Developer: Shenzhen Special Economic Zone Construction and Development Co., LTD Money Control the prosess Faster and Faster Local people: More Payment, Higher price for rent they house.
Fourth Low Carbon City Development World Forum June 16-19, 2013 in Shenzhen, China
Thanks