Global Schindler Award 2015 competition entry booklet.

URBAN RENEWAL IN

SUNGANG-QINGSHUIHE SHENZHEN

1 1017-216-1986

THE MEGACITY DILEMMA EARLY CIVILIZATIONS 18TH-19TH CENTURY INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

19TH-20TH CENTURY URBANIZATION

CAPITAL ACCUMULATION

GENTRIFICATION-URBAN SPRAWL

CAR DEPENDENT COMMUNITIES CONGESTION

PRIVATIZATION-SPECULATION

20TH-21TH CENTURY ENVIRONMENT DEGRADATION

PRESENT STATE

CITY OF "CAR" SCALE

A DAILY BURDEN

IMAGEABILITY LOST POLITICAL , ECONOMICAL OVER PUBLIC INTEREST AND 3 ENVIRONMENT -1-

1017-216-1986

FROM A SMALL FISHING AND AGRICULTURAL VILLAGE TO A

1985 1986

FREE MARKET LAND USE

1990

RAPID MOTORIZATION

1997

TERTIARY SECTOR DEVELOPMENT

SHENZHEN

2000

...A BRIEF HISTORY

2004

GDP RISE 20 PERCENT

GDP RISE 50 PERCENT

PRESENT STATE

15 MILLION

82 % MIGRANTS

According to unofficial count

DAYUAN-DANWEI WORK UNIT

2011

-2-

MILLION 40 CAR PER 1000 PERSON

NEW MIGRANT WORKERS

LUOHU COMMERCIAL DISTRICT NEW HOUSING

IN LUOHU

GLOBAL CITY

SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE

DANWEI IN LUOHU

SUNGANG QINGSHUIHE

1979 1980

VILLAGE

CASE STUDY PRE 1979

FIVE MILLION MIGRANTS GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIZED HOUSING AT THE FRINGES

EXPANSION OF MRT SYSTEM

BANNING OF ELECTRIC BICYCLES IN DOWNTOWN AREAS

1017-216-1986

POPULATION INCREASE OF

400 TIMES IN 22 YEARS

ON THIS RATE

VERY LIMITED LAND RESOURCE

HOW WILL THE GROWTH EVOLVE ?

SHENZHEN PLANNED TO BECOME AN INTERNATIONAL METROPOLIS LIKE NEW YORK AND LONDON BY 2050. www.toptechglobal.com

WISE MANAGMENT OF RESOURCES MORE PUBLIC TRANSPORT

NEED FOR MORE HOUSING

URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE EXPANSION MORE FACILITIES

"THE TARGET IS TO PROVIDE SOCIAL HOUSING TO 25 PERCENT OF

HIGH-SPEED RAIL IS EXPECTED TO LINK CITIES WITH

THE URBAN POPULACE BY 2020"

MORE THAN HALF A MILLION PEOPLE.

Tao Wang, China economist at UBS Securities (UBS) in Hong Kong

www.businessweek.com

GDP GROWTH RATE OF 15 PERCENT PER YEAR.

37 FIRMS SIGN CONTRACTS WORTH A TOTAL

SHENZHEN WILL HAVE NO SERIOUS DIFFICULTY INTEGRATING WITH HONG KONG ECONOMICALLY BY 2020.

5 OF 220 BILLION WITH OFFICIALS FROM QIANHAI IN HONG KONG.

-3-

The Shenzhen Daily

1017-216-1986

WE CANNOT SOLVE OUR PROBLEMS WITH THE SAME THINKING WE USED WHEN CREATING THEM." "

ALBERT EINSTEIN -4-

1017-216-1986

PROBLEM INVESTIGATION FOR VIABLE SOLUTIONS

TRANS-SCALAR

ANALYSIS OF STATUS QUO

PHASE 1 PHASE 2: DEFINE STRONG INFLUENCES WITHIN THE EXISTING SYSTEM ON-SITE STRATEGY

PHASE 3: RESHAPE LINKAGES 7

DESIGN -5-

1017-216-1986

PHASE 1: TRANS-SCALAR ANALYSIS OF STATUS QUO

REGION

GUANGDONG PROVINCE TERRITORIAL CONNECTIVITY

Shenzhen

HONK KONG'S REGIONAL PROXIMITY REPRESENTS AN ASSET FOR BOTH COMPETITIVNESS AND INTEGRATION. Shenzhen port surpassed Hong Kong in terms of container volume in 2012.

-6-

1017-216-1986

PHASE 1: TRANS-SCALAR ANALYSIS OF STATUS QUO

CITY

CITY FORM

SHENZHEN SHENZHEN DEVELOPED AS A LINEAR CITY, PARALLEL TO THE ESTUARY. A "DECENTRALIZED CONCENTRATION" SYSTEM WHERE A SERIES OF PARALLEL CENTERS WITH SPECIALIZED FUNCTIONS ARE CONNECTED BY TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS.

TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

MOBILITY IS PRIMARLY BASED ON CAR WITH A HARD INFRASTRUCURE OF ROADS AND HIGHWAYS AND UNEVEN DISTRIBUTION OF METRO STATIONS BETWEEN DISTRICTS.

GREEN SPACES

THE CITY IS SURROUNDED

BY MOUNTAINS AND HAS THE LARGEST NUMBER OF PARKS WHICH REACHES 45 PERCENT. THE GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE THAT SURROUNDS IT FUCTIONS AS A CITY LUNG. Preserved green spaces Public green spaces

PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS

9

PLAN ADDITIONAL METRO LINES. CONNECT GREEN SPACES TO THE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM. -7-

1017-216-1986

PHASE 1: TRANS-SCALAR ANALYSIS OF STATUS QUO

DISTRICT

SUNGANG-QINGSHUIHE LUOHU SIGNIFICANCE / CULTURAL ASPECTS

NATURAL LANDMARKS "WHEN I WAS A CHILD, MY GRANDPA TOOK ME TO HONGHU PARK ALMOST EVERYDAY. IT IS NEAR MY GRANDPA'S HOME, ONLY A 10-MINUTE WALK, IN LUOHU DISTRICT, SHENZHEN CITY, CHINA. THERE WAS A BIG LAKE IN THE CENTER OF THE PARK. "WHEN YOU WERE A BABY, THE WATER WAS CLEANER THAN NOW" SAID MY GRANDPA. "NOW THERE ARE STILL FISH, BUT NOT LIKE BEFORE. THE LAKE IS STILL POLLUTED."

student at Tenzer Learning Center in New York, NY.

"SHENZHEN", IN LOCAL DIALECT, LITERALLY MEANS "DEEP DRAINS " AS THIS AREA WAS ONCE "CRISSCROSSED BY RIVERS AND STREAMS - AND STILL IS, TODAY - WHITH DEEP DRAINS IN THE PADDY FIELDS"

(Shenzhen Government Online).

LUOHU HAS PRESERVED ONE OF ITS OLDEST FEATURES. UP TO THIS DATE FISHING IS POSSIBLE IN NUMEROUS PLACES. (Dong Lake Park, Honghu park,Fairy Lake Botanical Garden.)

ON THE OTHER HAND ALL VILLAGES WHICH USED TO BE FARMING COMMUNITIES BECAME A PLACE OF BUSINESS.

LIZHI PARK

HONGHU PARK IS PARTICULARLY ENDANGERED

BY SEWAGE BECAUSE OF ITS PROXIMITY TO THE INDUSTRIAL AREA. SUNGANG-QINGSHUIHE WIZHU PARK

CONNECT THE CITY WITH ITS GREEN EDGES. RE-ESTABLISH THE BALANCE OF ECOSYSTEMS. REVITALIZE THE AREA'S NATURAL FEATURES BY INTRODUCING NEW LEISURES. -8-

3d source www.edushi.com

SITE DEFICIT

SITE POTENTIAL

1017-216-1986

PHASE 1: TRANS-SCALAR ANALYSIS OF STATUS QUO ACCESSIBILITY PROGRAMMATIC DIVISION

ROAD STRUCTURE

Qingshuihe

Sungang

Metro lines High-speed roads

Highway 30-70m Major street 15-20 m Secondary, local street 7-8 m

Residential Industrial

SUNGANG-QINGSHUIHE IS ACCESSIBLE THROUGHT HIGHWAYS BY CAR AND BUS. METRO LINES DON'T PROVIDE DIRECT ACCESS TO THIS "ISOLATED" AREA.

THE PROXIMITY OF THE RESIDENTIAL AND INDUSTRIAL UNITS SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCES DISTANCES BETWEEN HOUSING AND WORKPLACES.

THE OVERSCALED ROADS ISOLATE THE AREA FROM ITS SURROUNDINGS. NEVERTHELESS THEY REPRESENT A POTENTIAL FOR DENSIFICATION.

The area lacks recreational facilities in comparison with other Luohu centers.

URBAN RHYTHMS AND FUNCTIONALITY

Shopping, health and leisure facilities are grouped within urban villages with an acceptable time of 5 minutes to local convenient stores.

TRAJECTORIES

Workplaces near housing.

(Calculations based on google maps.)

Time to reach the closest metro station from the nearest residential slab exceeds the

"catchment" distance

Residential Industrial

PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS

of 800m.

11

PLAN A NEW TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM WITHIN THE AREA .

LINK SUNGANG TO QINGSHUIHE AND THE WHOLE AREA TO OTHER DISTRICT CENTERS. IMPLEMENT FACILITIES THAT FULFILL RESIDENTS' NEEDS IN TERMS OF QUALITY AND PROXIMITY. -9-

3d source www.edushi.com

1017-216-1986

PHASE 1: TRANS-SCALAR ANALYSIS OF STATUS QUO

UNITS URBAN VILLAGE

SECTION

TYPOLOGY Dead end

S

URBAN VILLAGES REPRESENT AN AFFORDABLE OPTION FOR MIGRANTS. VIBRANT BUT NOT COMPLETELY SAFE, THEY ARE CHARACTERIZED BY A STRONG CONCENTRATION OF COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES, NOTABLY WHOLESALERS AND INFORMAL MARKETS.

RESIDENTIAL SLAB

25 m

Commerce

TYPICAL BLOCK DIMENSIONS 12X15.5 M

Commerce

Narrow ways (1.5 to 4.5 m)

Courtyard

S

45 m

RESIDENTIAL SLABS ARE DENSER THAN URBAN VILLAGES, THIS LEAVES SPACE FOR WIDER PEDESTRIAN STREETS, GREEN SPACES, COURTYARDS AND PARKING LOTS.

WAREHOUSES

Commerce

Commerce

TYPICAL BLOCK DIMENSIONS 12X40 M

Local street width (7 m) minimum, courtyard 20 m width on average

S

TYPICAL BLOCK DIMENSIONS 30X60 THE INDUSTRIAL AREA HAS NUMEROUS PARKING LOTS, STILL THE MANEUVERING SPACE RESERVED FOR LOGISTIC ACTIVITIES IS OVERSCALED.

25 m

20 m width

3d source www.edushi.com

DIVERSIFY HOUSING TYPOLOGIES AND IMPROVE PERMEABILITY PARTCIULARLY WITHING URBAN VILLAGES. BENEFIT FROM EXISTENT WAREHOUSES TO IMPROVE SMALL LOCAL BUSINESSES. SITE POTENTIAL SITE DEFICIT MORE COMPACT DEVELOPMENT: MIXED USE WITH IMPROVED SOCIAL SPACE. 1017-216-1986 -10-

PHASE 2: DEFINE STRONG INFLUENCES WITHIN THE EXISTING SYSTEM

EXISTING PATTERNS

OWN

SPEC ULAT ION

SEZ

DEVELOPERS

ECONOMIC GROWTH

FREE MARKET LAND USE

ARE

AGES

LOGISTIC HUB

ED B

Y TH

E ST ATE AN

D TH E CO

LLEC TI

VITY

OF P

EASA

NT.

FROM STATE TO

ON

O SY

SEGR E

GATI

UKO

IVE H

RICT

INCOME

million units, over the next seven years, Wang writes .in a March 18 report

HONGHU PARK

HIGH END ACCOMODATION

IAL

SEWAGE

FACTORY ACCOMODATION DANWEI

HIGH INCOME

PRIVATE SECTOR EMPLOYEES

LARGE INFRASTRUCTURE

SOC

INFORMAL MARKETS

URBAN VILLAGES DENSE AFFORDABLE means providing social housing HABITATfor an INDUSTRIAL That LOW INDECENT additional 90 million people, amounting to about 30 ACTIVITY REST

COMMERCE

STEM

LAND

S IN

VILL

DEMOGRAPHIC GROWTH

NEW ENTERPRISES

PUBLIC SPACE

ECOSYSTEM DEGRADATION

13 -11-

1017-216-1986

ON-SITE STRATEGY CITIES MUST BE CONSIDERED AS LIVING ORGANISMS, COMPLEX SYSTEMS WHERE SMALL SHIFTS LEAD TO BIG CHANGES. A"MICRO-MEGA" SYNERGY IS THEREFORE CRUCIAL TO THE FUNCTIONING OF THE SYSTEM. IN THE CASE OF SUNGANG-QINGSHUIHE, WHERE EVERYTHING HAS ALREADY BEEN BUILT, WE AIM FOR A (MICRO) "PEOPLE-CENTERED" DESIGN, USING EXISTING URBAN FABRIC, ECONOMIC, HUMAN CAPITAL AND INTRINSIC SITE QUALITIES IN AN INCREMENTAL PROCESS TO IMPACT THE "MEGA " LEVEL THROUGH

CROSS-DISIPLINARY, TRANS-SCALAR COOPERATIONS AND MULTI LEVEL MOBILITY. THE LATTER CONTROLS THE TEMPORAL DIMENSION :

"THE PACE OF THE CITY".

THE FRANTIC METROPOLITAN RHYTHM IS INEVITABLE, BUT WE WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT AT THE (MICRO) HUMAN SCALE LEVEL, IT IS STILL POSSIBLE TO ENJOY A CARELESS PROMENADE WHERE SPACE CAN BE EXPLORED INTUITIVELY, THUS IMPROVING LONG DISTANCE WALKABILITY AT THE "MEGA" SCALE. THIS "MICRO-MEGA" "DOUBLE-PACE" STRATEGY CANNOT BE ACHIEVED WITHOUT THE CREATION OF STRONG LINKAGES THAT MAINTAIN THE SYSTEM'S COHESION WHEN THE "MICRO" ELEMENTS THAT FORM IT EVOLVE OVER TIME. -12-

1017-216-1986

PHASE 3: RESHAPE LINKAGES

DIVERSE LINKAGE POSSIBILITIES MIDDLE INCOME

HONGHU PARK MULTI LEVEL MOBILITY PUBLIC AMENITIES

SHARED PUBLIC REALM

BIG INVESTMENTS BUILT ENVIRONMENT

HIGH INCOME

INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT SMALL BUSINESSES

RENEWABLE ENERGY

LOW INCOME

FACILITIES

COMMERCIAL PUBLIC SPACE

HIGH DENSITY RESIDENTIAL

HOUSING INDUSTRIAL

HUKOU RIGHT

FOOD AND DIARY INDUSTRY

MIGRANT WORKERS HOUSING AFFORDABILITY

ECOLOGY BALANCE FARMING

PRIVATE SPACE

RECYCLING INDUSTRY

-13-

15

LAND TENURE SYSTEM REFORM

1017-216-1986

SPATIALIZE

MIXED USE

ECO INDUSTRIAL PARK

PUBLIC REALM

EDGE

SELECT MOST VIABLE COMBINATIONS FROM PREVIOUS ANALYSIS TO DESIGN SELF ORGANIZING FORCES

BY CHOOSING THE KEY ELEMENTS THAT ARE NOT ONLY STRONGLY SYMBIOTIC TO EACH OTHER BUT ALSO HIGHLY SIGNIFICANT TO THE GREATER WHOLE.

NATU

RAL

URBAN VILLAGE

NODE RAPID PACE SLOW PACE / WALKABILITY CENTER SUBCENTER

DESIGN -14-

1017-216-1986