Let's Do Science 1 – Activity Book A by Regal_Education

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Pr i ma r y 1

Activity Book Ac Act

Let's Do Science

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Let's Do Science is based on the United States Next Generation n Science Standards (NGSS). The series consists of full-color textbooks and full-color activity books for Grades K to 6.

Let's Do Science engages students with a highly visual presentation of the disciplinary core ideas in the textbooks books and places an emphasis on applying scientific knowledge dge e using stigations. ations. NGSS practices through numerous scientific investigations. tial element of Let's Do Science sees engineering as an essential science education and as such is tightly integrated grated into both the textbooks and activity books. ude the follow fe The Let's Do Science activity books include features:

AB Activity

Activity 7.3

Sorting Matter

sort bedroom. Help her ea is cleaning her elsea 1. Chels s in the boxes on the ngss by writing letter her thing age.. next page

Activities and investigations related to concepts and topics covered in the Let's Do Science Textbook.

s been sorted?

How have the thing

s in a different way.

2. Now sort the thing

s been sorted?

How have the thing

Engineer It!

Engineer 26It!

Design a Musical Instrument

Procedure

1. Use the materials to design and build a musical instrument. Think about how your instrument will make sound and how the sound can be changed.

Musical instruments make sounds in different ways. Some make sound when you blow into them. Some make sound when you hit, shake or pluck them. Now it’s your turn to make your own musical instrument.

Goes beyond inquiry uiry by udentss to encouraging students d build design, modell and tions to to engineer solutions defined problems. roblems. ms.

2. Draw a model and build your instrument.

Materials

• art and craft supplies

• balloons

3. Explain to a friend how your instrument produce cess sound. Explain how you can change the sounds it makes.

• boxes and containers

• aluminum foil

• string

• scissors cissors orss

• tape

the night sky? appear small in 4. Why do stars ll balls of gas. (a) They are sma 71 to the Earth. (b) They are close away. far (c) They are very ts people. affec sun the s 5. Tell 2 way

70 0

Review

Ear

terns th and Space Pat

s in 1. Use the word Earth

the box to label

the picture.

moon

sun

(a)

Topical opical questions at th the chapter for end of each ch chapte formative mative assessment. assessm

Earth? day and night on nd the sun. 6. What causes n of the Earth arou (a) The revolutio of the Earth. (b) The rotation of the Sun. (c) The rotation e across the sky sun appear to mov 7. Why does the during the day?

(b)

(c)

2. Which star can

you see in the sky

s 3. Circle the thing

stars 146

you can see in

Earth

during the day?

the sky at night.

moon

sun

n to move it take for the moo 8. How long does ? around the Earth (a) 1 day (b) 28 days (c) 365 days

147

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Contents Unit 1 – Living and Non-living Things gs

Unit 2 – Plant and Animals Parts arts

Unit 3 – Parents and Offspring ing

Unit 4 – Earth and Space e Patterns Patte

120

Unit 5 – Weather and nd d Seasons Se Seas

148

Activity 1.1

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What Are Living Things? 1. Check ( Cross (

) the living things. ) the non-living things.

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2. Draw two living things. Tell how you know they are living things.

Living Thing 1

Living Thing ing g2

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3. Draw two non-living things. ings. gs. Tell how you know they are non-living things.

Non-Living Thing 1

Non-Living ng Thing Th hing ing ing ng 2

Activity 1.2

Do Plants Need Sunlight? Materials teri rials

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• two small sm mal mall all p plants lants nts

Procedure urre u ure

1. Place one plant near a window that t gets sunlight. unlight. g

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2. Place the other plant in a dark cupboard.

3. Observe the plants for two weeks. 4. Record your observations.

Observations

Draw the plants on day ay 1, day d 7 and day 14. Day 1 Window

Cupboard

Day 7 Cupboard

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Window

Day 14 Window

CCupboard u

Analyze and Interpret

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1. Write two ways the plants look different.

2. What can you infer from your observations? observa

Application

Would you expect to find plants p deep inside a cave? Explain your you reason. ason

Activity 1.3

Do Plants Need Water? Materials erials • two small mal alll p pllantts plants

• marker marker er

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can • watering wate

Procedure ure u rre e

1. Use the marker arker to label the plants. nts. 2. Place e the plants near a window. indow.

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3. Water plant A every day for two weeks. Do not water plant B.

4. Record your observations.

Observations

Draw the plants on day ay 1, day d 7 and day 14. Day 1 Plant A

Plant B

Day 7 Plant B

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Plant A

Day 14 Plant A

PPlant Pl la B

Analyze and Interpret

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1. Write two ways the plants look different.

2. What can you infer from your observations? observa

Application

Sometimes it may not ot rain for a very long on time. How does this his affect plants?

Activity 1.4

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Needs of Living Things 1. Check ( ) or cross ( ) the boxes. es. ing thing. Circle if it is a living thing or a non-living (a)

Needs air: ir:

water Needs water:

eds sunlight: sunlig Needs

living thing

(b)

non-living non-livin non-livi thing

Needs Ne air:

Needs water:

Needs sunlight:

living iving thing th

(c)

non-living thing

Needs air:

Needs water:

Needs sunlight:

living thing

non-living thing

(d)

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Needs air: Needs water:

Needs sunlight: nlight:

living thing

(e)

non-living living ng thing

Needs eds air:

w Needs water:

Need Needs sunlight:

living thing ing

non-living thing n

2. What is needed ded by all liv living things?

3. Whatt is needed needed by only plants?

Activity 1.5

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How Animals Move Use the table on the next page to classify the e animals by how they move.

snake

dog

jellyfish ellyfishh

frog

kangaroo

horse

ssnail na

rabbit

ant

worm

trout

pigeon

butterfly utterfly fl fly

bee

spider

shark

bat

cheetah

goldfish

deer

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How Animals Move Walk/ Run

Crawl

Fly

Swim

Jump/ Hop

Slide Slid

Activity 1.6

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How Do Plants Grow and Change? ge Materials

• bean seeds

• plant p p pot

• soil soil

• spray prray bottle pray bottl bott ottle

Procedure

1. Fill the plant pot with soil.

2. Place three bean hree bea seeds in soil. n the soi

3. Push the sseeds under nder tthe soil with your finger. yo

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4. Place the pot near a window. 5. Fill the spray bottle with water.

6. Use the spray bottle to water the seeds every day for two weeks.

7. Record your observations.

Observations

Draw what you see in n the pot p every three to four days.

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Analyze and Interpret

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1. What happened to the seeds?

2. What can you infer from your observations? observa

Application

Blake is growing a tomato mato plant. Draw how the tomato toma plant will look in one month.

Activity 1.7

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How Do Animals Grow and Change? ng 1. Match the animals to their young.

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2. Compare the mother lynx to her young.

(a) List some wayss the e young lynx is similar to its mother.

(b) How ow will the young you y lynx change as it gets older?

Activity 1.8

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Compare Living and Non-living Things 1. Use the Venn diagram to compare the e polar olar bear bea cub and polar bear soft toy.

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2. Use the Venn diagram to compare a Venus us flytrap and a crocodile.

Activity 1.9

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Classify Living and Non-living Things g 1. Complete the chart. Thing

Needs Air

Needs Food

Moves

Grows an Liv and Living or Has as Young Non-living No

Needs Air

Needs Food

Moves

Grows and Living or Has Young Non-living Non-liv

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Thing

Activity 1.10

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How Do You Know It’s a Living Thing? g

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1. Riley thinks a tree is not a living thing because ause it cannot move from place to place. Do o you ou think er. Riley is correct? Explain your answer.

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2. Wyatt thinks a slinky is a living thing because se tt iss it can move and grow. Do you think Wyatt correct? Explain your answer.

Review

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Living and Non-living Things 1. Use the words in the box to compare the needs of animals, people and plants. air

food

water

All living things need and

sunlight sunl

. Plants use the energy energ from

to make food. d. Some animals a get

the

they y need by eating e plants.

Animals and people drink rink the

need. Plants take in n

they

from their roots.

2. Name an animal imal and tell how it gets the air, food and water it needs.

Air

Food

Water Wate

(a) (b) 4. True (

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3. Name two ways that a pet rabbit is different than a rabbit soft toy.

) or false (

(a) A plant is a living thing.

(b) Plants eat other plants ants for food. fo

(e) Non-living ving thin things need air and food. (f) Water is a liv living thing. (g) People Peop need a place to live.

Activity 2.1

Materials • notebook and pencil

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• hand lens

Schoolyard Plant Hunt

Procedure

1. In small groups, go o into you your schoolyard and observe plants in three d different places. 2. Use the hand d lens len to closely observe the parts of the plants. Record your observations on the ts. Recor pag age. next page.

Observations

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Draw and label the plants you observed. Location:

Location:

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Location:

Analyze and Interpret nterprre et

1. In what ways were e the plants p you mila observed similar?

2. In what the plants you hat ways were w erved different? diff observed

Activity 2.2

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What Is the Function of Roots? Materials

• knife

• plastic container ainer iner

• carrots carrrrots

es or or stones stone nes • marbles

Procedure

1. Your teacher will help you to cut the bottom off a carrot. The carrot ot top should be about 3 cm long. 2. Cover the bottom of the dish with marbles. Place the he carrot top on top of the marbles.

3. Fill the he dish with water until it covers the top of the marbles.

the dish in a sunny place. Observe the 4. Place th carrot carr top every few days. Add more water if needed.

Observations

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Draw and describe the carrot top. Day:

Day:

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Day:

Analyze and Interpret

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1. Draw arrows and describe how water moved ved through the carrot top.

2. What is the e function functio of the roots?

Activity 2.3

Observing Roots Materials

• clearr plastic cup cup

• paper p p towel

• spray y bottle botttle

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• bean seeds

Procedure e

1. Place a paper per ttowel el in the cup as shown. 2. Place some bean me bea seeds around the es of the cup. cu edges

3. Pour a small sm amount wate in the of water bottom of the cup. bot

4. Fill the spray bottle with water and use it to wet the paper towel.

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5. Place the cup in a sunny place, such as on a window sill.

6. Use the hand lens to observe the he seed every three days for nine ne days. Use the spray bottle to wet w the paper towel each time. e

Observations

Draw and describe your our observations. obse Day:

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Day:

Analyze and Interpret

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1. Describe how the seed changed during this his investigation.

2. How is the shape of roots suitable to how they help the plant?

Activity 2.4

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What Is the Function of the Stem? m Materials

• jug of water

• celery stalk

• red ed food food dye

• knife

• glass

sp o spoo • spoon

Procedure e

1. Pour about 4 cm c off water wa into o the glass.

2. Add one spoonful spoonfu of food coloring g to the water. Stir gently. tly.

3. Yourr teacher w will help you to cut the base off o the celery stalk. 4. Place Pla the celery stalk in the e glass.

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5. Observe the celery stalk the next day. n of the 6. Your teacher will help you to cut a section stalk. Observe the section.

Make a Prediction

What will happen to the colored water ater in the t glass?

Observations

Draw and label the celery elery stalk s at Step 4.

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Draw and label the celery stalk at Step 5.

Draw and label the celery elery stalk section cut by your teacher.

Analyze and Interpret

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1. Was your prediction correct? Tell what ass. happened to the colored water in the glass.

2. A celery stalk is a type of stem. m. What can you infer about the function of the he stem from this activity?

3. Tell one other er w way the stem helps a plant get the things it needs.

Activity 2.5

Observing Leaf Diversity Materials M atterria a ials

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• hand lens

Procedure ure u re

1. In small groups, oups, go into your schoolyard and collect leaves aves that tha have fallen to the ground. ind leaves leave of different shapes, sizes Try to find and colors. ors. th classroom, take turns observing 2. Back in the the he leaves leav using a hand lens. raw and describe your observations. 3. Draw 47

Observations

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Draw and describe four leaves you observed. ed. Leaf 1

Leaf 2

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Leaf 3

Leaf 4

Analyze and Interpret

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1. Tell some ways that the leaves you observed ved were the same.

2. Tell some ways that the leaves es you observed ob were different.

3. How is the shape of leaves leav suited to their function?

Activity 2.6

Materials • notebook and pencil

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• hand lens

Observing Flowers and Fruits

Procedure

In small groups, go into your sc school l compound and use a hand lens to observe different flowers and fruits. Record your observations on n the next page.

Observations

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Draw and describe two flowers you observed. d. Flower 1

Flower 2

Analyze and nd Interpret IIn nte

1. Tell some ways tha that the flowers you observed were the e same.

2.. Tell T some ways that the flowers you observed were di different.

Observations

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Draw and describe two fruits you observed. Fruit 1

Fruit 2

Analyze and nd Interpret IIn nte

1. Tell some ways tha that the fruits you observed were the e same.

2.. Tell T some ways that the fruits you observed different. were di

Activity 2.7

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Let’s Eat Plant Parts! Materials • lettuce leaves

pp • apples

• broccoli occoli florets

• celery sticks s ck stick cks

• carrots

Procedure

1. Your teacher will help you yo to cut the food into small pieces. s.

2. Taste each your observations in h food. Record Re the table page. e on the next n p g

Observations Taste

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Plant Part

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Food

Analyze and an nd d Interpret IIn nterp

List some other foods food you eat that come from plants. What hat part of o the plant do they come from?

Activity 2.8

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Plant Parts and Functions 1. Label the parts of each plant. (a)

(b)

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2. Match the plant parts to their functions.

es food for Makes the e plant.

Moves water and nutrients to the nutrie utrie oth plant parts. other

Takes in water and nutrients from the soil.

Makes the seeds for the plant.

Holds and protects the seeds.

Activity 2.9

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How Animals Move List the animals. Which body parts do the animals use to o move? Infer how the animals move. 1.

Animals:

Body parts for movement:

How the animals move:

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Animals:

Body parts for movement:

How the animals move:

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Animals:

Body parts for movement:

How the animals move:

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Animals:

Body parts for movement:

How the animals move:

Activity 2.10

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Animal Body Coverings Cut out the animals on pages 177 and 179. Classify the animals by body covering by pasting them in the spaces on pages 62 to 64.

Body dy covering: cover

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Activity 2.11

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Animal Parts for Getting Food Observe the body parts of each animal. Tell how the body part helps the animal get food. Infer fer what each eac ea animal eats.

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Activity 2.12

ion

Animal Research Project In small all groups, find inform information about each ach animal. Complete plete each chart. 1.

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Animal Name: e:

erin Body covering Body parts arts Moves ves Eats Ea

Gets Air Lives Live

Fun Fact F

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Animal Name:

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ring Body covering Body parts arts Moves oves Eats

Gets Air Lives L

Fun Fact

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Animal Name: Body covering rts Body parts es Moves Eats

Gets Air Live Lives

Fun Fact

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Animal Name: Body covering rts Body parts es Moves Eats ats

ets Air Gets Lives Live

Fun Fact

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Animal Name: Body covering Body parts rts Moves es Eats ats

Gets ets Air Lives Live

Fun Fact

Engineer It!

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Carry a Baby Joey!

When a baby kangaroo, o, called a joey, jo is born, it stays safe by living in its mother’s pouch for many months. other’s r’s pouc o design esign a safety s Now it’s your turn to pouch! Your pouch will need to be strong and keep your ‘joey’ safe when you jump um like e a kangaroo!

Materials erials • cloth

• sscissors cissorrss

• string g

• rribbon ibbon

• teddy

Procedure

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1. In small groups, use the materials to design gn and build a pouch for your ‘joey’. 2. Draw a model of your pouch.

3. Attach the pouch to your body and put the th toy animal inside. Go outside and move like lik a kangaroo!

Activity 2.13

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Mimicking Nature 1. Match the animals to the things people e use. se.

(a)

Re g

(b)

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2. Tell how people have mimicked nature to invent n useful objects.

Re g (d)

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(c)

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3. Draw and tell a way that people have mimicked mic the part of a plant.

y that people pe 4. Draw and tell a way have mimicked nimal. mal. the part of an animal.

Engineer It!

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Scientists often solve human problems by observing things in nature and applying what they observe to design a solution to the problem. Now it’s your turn to identify a human problem and use nature to find the solution!

Mimicking Nature

The Problem

Describe a problem that can be solved s by mimicking nature.

Describe how ow you will w mimic nature to design and build a solution. ution.

Materials

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What things will you need?

Procedure

List the steps you will take. ke.

Draw a Model

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Draw a model and label your design.

Observations

What did you observe ve when whe you tested your design?

Evaluate

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1. Describe how the shape and structure of your design was suited to solve the problem.

2. Was your design able e to solve the problem by mimicking nature? How ow could cou you improve your design?

Review

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Plant and Animal Parts 1. Use the words in the box to label the plantt parts. flowers

leaves

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

fruits stem

roots oo

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2. Name the body parts each animal uses to move. Tell how each animal moves. (a)

(b)

3. Name two animals with in fur. ith a body covered c (a)

(b) b)

4. Name two animalss with a body covered in scales. (a)

(b)

5. Tell how each animal ani takes in air. (a)

(b)

Activity 3.1

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Growing Plants from Seeds Materials

• radish ad seeds d

• cotton o o wool oo

• spray y bottle with water

• dish dis ish

• ruler rule ule ler

Procedure e

1. Place the cotton otto wooll in the dish. Wet the cotton on wool. wo

2. Place about seeds on the cotton wool. out 10 radish ra Place the he dish near a window. 3. Observe the seedlings every day serve and measure m for 10 days. day Use the spray bottle with water to s make sure the growing seedlings have enough water. eno

n Re ga le du Observations

Draw and write down n the height heig of the seedlings. Day:

Height: 87

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Day:

Height:

Day:

Height:

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Day:

Height:

Day:

Height:

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Day:

Height:

Analyze and d Interpret terp pre rre e

1. Tell how the seedlings seedli changed.

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2. Order the pictures from first (1) to last (8).

Activity 3.2

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Plant Life Cycles 1. Cut out the pictures on page 181. Paste them m in the spaces below to show the life cycle cle of a bean plant.

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2. D Draw raw arrows arrow to show the order of the life e cycle cycle stages.

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3. Cut out the pictures on page 183. Paste them hem in the spaces below to show the life cycle clle of of an apple tree.

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4. Draw Draw arrows ar to show the order of the life cycle cyc stages. 95

5. Draw to show how a sunflower plant grows and changes.

6. Describe escrib ibe h how ow a sunflower plant changes during changes d urin its life cycle. ur

Activity 3.3

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Animal Life Cycles 1. Use the words in the box to label the stages tages es in the life cycle of a tiger. Draw arrows to show how w the order ord of the life cycle stages. newborn

adult

young

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(a)

(b)

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young ung ad adu adul adult dduult

(c)

2. How ow does a new newborn tiger change during its ife cycle? life

adult

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(a)

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3. Use the words in the box to label the stages es in the life cycle of a deer. young

(b)

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4. Cut out the pictures on page 185. Paste them em in duc the spaces below to show the life cycle of a duck. tages. es. Use the words in the box to label the stages. adult

duckling

hatchling atchlin

101

5. Cut out the pictures on page 185. Paste them in frog the spaces below to show the life cycle of a frog. es. Use the words in the box to label the stages. eggs

adult

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ati

tadpole

102

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froglet

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6. Cut out the pictures on page 187. Paste them in the tterf spaces below to show the life cycle of a butterfly. ess. Use the words in the box to label the stages. chrysalis

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eggs

1 04

caterpillar illar

ati o

butterfly

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Activity 3.4

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Similar and Different

1. (a) Tell how the young bean plants are e similar milar to their parents.

10 6

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(b) Tell how the young bean plants are different er from their parents.

he you yo (c) How will the young bean plants change as et older? they get

10 7

2. (a) Tell how the young lions are similar to their parents.

10 8

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(b) Tell how the young lions are different from om their parents.

10 9

Activity 3.5

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Animals and Their Young In this investigation, you will use books, magazines agazines zine and videos about animals to identify patterns atterns erns in att help the behavior of parents and offspring that offspring survive.

Materials

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• animal books, magazines and videos video

Procedure du ure re

1. In small groups, oups, us use the books and videos to informati about animal parents and gather information fspring. their offspring. th 2. Choose three animals. Identify the ways in which th the parents and offspring behave that help he the offspring survive. Record your infor information on pages 111 to 113.

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Animal Name: Draw a picture or paste a photograph of the animal and its offspring.

Behaviors of parents to help elp offspring: offspring offsprin

Behaviorss of offspring fspring sppring i tha thatt help them survive:

111

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Animal Name: Draw a picture or paste a photograph of the animal and its offspring.

Behaviors of parents to help elp offspring: offspring

Behaviorss of of offspring o spring priing tha that at help them survive:

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Animal Name: Draw a picture or paste a photograph of the animal and its offspring.

Behaviors of parents to help elp offspring: offspring

Behaviors rss of of offspring o spring i g that th thaa help them survive:

113

Activity 3.6

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Caring for Young Tell how each behavior helps the young survive. ve. 1.

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Engineer It!

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The Bird Nest Challenge! Many birds create a nest to protect their eggs. The nest also provides a safe place for young birds to grow. Now it’s your turn to design and build a nest! Your nest will need to be strong enough to hold three eggs and keep them safe.

Materials

p lie es • art and craft supplies

• twigs, g , leaves eave ves g gr grass rass

chicken eggs •3c hicken e g

•c cotton wool

• fan an

• string

• paper p lates plates

• newspapers

• sscissors ciss

115

Procedure

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1. In small groups, use the materials to design gn and build a bird nest.

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2. Place three eggs in your nest. Use the fan to test if yourr nest can protect the eggss in n g winds. strong

Draw a Model ode

Draw a model of your nest.

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Analyze and Interpret

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1. Tell how your nest was able to hold and keep eep the eggs safe.

2. How could you improve your our design? desig

3. How could you change cha your nest to keep the eggs safe How could you test it? e if it rains? rai

117

Review

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Parents and Offspring 1. Which shows the correct life cycle of a plant? ant? (a)

(b)

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2. (a) How is the young horse similar to its parents?

(b) How is the young horse different fferent from f its parents?

3. Hows does oes a mother mo cat care for her kittens?

119

Activity 4.1

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Observing the Sky

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Warning: Do not look directly at the Sun during uring this activity. The light from the Sun can damage your eyes.

1. During the day, go outside tside and an observe the sky. Draw and listt the he things you y see.

1 20

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2. At night, go outside and observe the sky. Draw and list the things you see.

e diagram d gram ram to show things in the sky 3. Complete the ay, night ni nig and both day and night. during the day, Day

Night

12 1

Activity 4.2

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The Sun, Earth and Moon 1. Draw and write some things you know w about out the Sun, the Earth and the moon.

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Sun

Sun facts:

Earth

Earth facts: facts fact

Moon

Moon facts:

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2. Use the words in the box to label the objects cts in space. Earth

Sun

moon

(a)

(b)

(c)

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Activity 4.3

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The Earth and the Sun Tell how the light and heat from the Sun affects cts the Earth and living things. 1.

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Activity 4.4

Materials

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• flashlight

ati on

Modeling Day and Night

Procedure du ure rre e

1. Turn off the e classroom classr lights. 2. Stand about 10 steps from your classmate. Have shine the flashlight onto your shirt. e them shin What do you y observe?

3. Turn ar around so your back is facing your classmate. Have them shine the flashlight onto your mat shirt. What do you observe?

126

Observations

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1. What did you observe at Step 2?

2. What did you observe at Step 3?

Analyze and Interpret nterpret

Draw and label a diagram gram to show why you are not able to see the Sun in the sky at night.

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Activity 4.5

Materials • newspaper p p

• masking tape

• string

ht • flashlight

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Movement of the Earth

• paints pain ints

Procedure

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1. Bunch the newspaper into two balls – one ball to represent the Sun and one ball to represent esen the Earth. 2 Wrap masking tape around each h ball. Paint the balls.

3. Tape the string to the Earth. Tape the flashlight to the Sun. 4. Use your model to show how how the th rotation of the Earth causes day and night. nigh

Draw a Model ell e

Draw your model. del.

12 9

Analyze and Interpret

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1. Why do we experience day and night on Earth?

abel the th picture. 2. Use the words in the box to label night

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day

Sun un

Earth

3. Use a gray gra pencil to show which part of the Earth is in night-time.

Note: e: Keep Ke your models of the Sun and the Earth for further activities in this book.

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4. Shade the part of the Earth that is in darkness.

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Activity 4.6

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Sunrise to Sunset Warning: Do not look directly at the Sun during uring this activity. The light from the Sun can damage your eyes.

Procedure

1. In the morning, observe the position of the Sun in the sky. Write the time me and draw your observations.

2. Repeat Step 1 at midday, day, in the t afternoon and close to sunset.

Observations ons ons on

Time:

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Time:

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Analyze and Interpret

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1. Tell how the Sun appears to move in the sky ky throughout the day.

2. Chelsea observed the Sun n rise at 6 6:30 in the morning. Draw pictures res to predict pred where the Sun will be at different nt times of o the day.

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6:30 a.m.

10:30 30 a.m. m.

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8:30 a.m. 8: 8:3

midday

Activity 4.7

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Observing the Moon Note: If the moon is not visible in the nightt sky, watch the video about the movement off the moon in the night sky.

Procedure

1. Observe the moon in the sky y in the early e evening. Draw a picture to o show the th position of the moon. 2. Repeat Step 1 every 30 minutes for two hours. minu

Observations

Time:

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Time:

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Analyze and Interpret

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1. Tell how the moon appeared to move in the he sky throughout the evening and night.

2. Blake observed the moon in the sky sk at 5:30 in the evening. Draw pictures where the ctures to predict pr ent times of the night. moon will be at different

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5:30 p.m.

10:00 p.m. m.

8:00 p.m. 8:

midnight

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Activity 4.8

Earth’s Revolution

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Materials • models of the Sun and the Earth from Activity 4.5.

Procedure

Place the models of the Sun Su and the Earth on your sk. Show how w the Earth arth moves around the Sun. Su desk.

138

Draw a Model

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Draw a model to show the movement of the e Earth around the Sun.

13 9

Analyze and Interpret

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1. How long does it take for the Earth to complete mplete one revolution of the Sun?

2. Use the words in the box to label the positions posit of the Earth. October

July

January Januar anuar

140

Apri April

Activity 4.9

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Movement of the Moon Materials

• foam ball

• desk lamp mp

• pencil

Procedure

1. Stick the pencil into the he center o of the foam ball. 2. Hold the foam ball in n front of o you as shown. 3. Turn off the lights and switch on the lamp. sw

4. Turn around d slowly. Observe the foam ball as you turn.

141

Observations

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Shade and color to show how the shape of the he lit part of the moon changed as you turned.

Analyze and an a nd n d Interpret IIn ntte errp p

1. What causes auses the moon to appear to change e shape?

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Re ga le du ca tio n

2. Riley observed the sky on a clear night but could not see the moon. Explain to Riley why she cannot see the moon. Draw a model to help your explanation.

14 3

Activity 4.10

The Solar System

Mars ars aturn Saturn Venus

Jupiter Neptune Mercury

1. Use words in the box to label the planets.

144

Uranus Ur Earth

uc a 2. Which planet et is clo closest to the Sun?

larg 3. Which iss the largest planet? plan is between Venus and Mars? 4. Which planet

14 5

Review

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Earth and Space Patterns 1. Use the words in the box to label the picture. re. Earth

Sun

moon

(a)

(b)

(c)

2. Which star can an you see in the sky during the day?

3. Circle the e things you can see in the sky at night.

star stars

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Earth

moon

Sun

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4. Why do stars appear small in the night sky? (a) They are small balls of gas. (b) They are close to the Earth. (c) They are very far away. ple. 5. Tell two ways the Sun affects people.

6. What causes day and nightt on Earth? Eart (a) The revolution of the Earth around the Sun. ar (b) The rotation of the e Earth. (c) The rotation of the Sun.

7. Why does the Sun appear appea to move across the sky during the day? ay

8. How long g does it take for the moon to move around nd the Earth? Eart (a) one day ((b) 28 days da (c) 365 days

14 7

Activity 5.1

Weekly Weather Diary 1. Observe and describe the weather er once a week for four weeks. Location: ocati

Time: Time e

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Date: Date

Draw a picturee of the weather. we

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Describe the weather.

Location: ocation: ation: tion:

Time: Time e

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Date: Date

Draw a picture off the weath weather.

Describe the weather.

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Time: Time e

Location:

eg al ed uc ati on

Date: Date

Draw a picture of the weather. he her

150

Describe the weather. De Des

Time: Time e

Location:

eg al ed uc a

tio n

Date: Date

Draw a picture of the weather.

Describe the weather. Descr Describ

2. Compare Compare your you weather report with a classmate. y Talk alk about abo the t ways they are the same and different. diff different

151

Activity 5.2

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Describing Weather Use the words in the box to describe the weather. athe List the clothes you would wear and the you e activities ctivities y could do during such weather. sunny snowy

cloudy light

stormy y hot ho wet dry Description: Descript

Clothes:

Activities:

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windy dark

cold

Clothes: Activities:

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Description:

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Description:

Clothes: es:

Activiti Activities:

15 3

Activity 5.3

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Reading a Thermometer 1. Write the temperature shown on the thermometer. hermomete momete (a)

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(b)

154

Re ga l

(d)

ca tio n

(c)

2. Order the from the hottest (1) to e temperatures temperatu temper the coldest est (4).

15 5

Activity 5.4

le du ca tio n

Measuring Weather – Temperature Materials • thermometer hermome

• tape p

Procedure

1. Tape the thermometer to a place outside.

tempera 2. Read and record the temperature every day for five days. Write a few wo words to describe the weather. Record in the table on ord your data d the next page.

156

Observations

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Record your data in the table. Day/Time Temperature

Weather er

Analyze e and an nd d Interpret Interp

Based on the patte patterns you observed, predict the temperature tomorrow. ature and weather w

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Activity 5.5

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Extreme Weather Use the words in the box to label each extreme treme me scribe ribe weather event. Write a few words to describe the weather. thunderstorm drought

158

hurricane flood

wildfire dfire

Re 5.

du ca tio n

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Activity 5.6

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Severe Weather Warning! Issue a severe weather warning about a severe ere e weather event coming in the next few days. day ys. ys. What type of severe weather is coming?

When will the severe weather arrive?

Draw a picture or paste a photograph graph of the severe weather.

160

Re ga le du ca tio n

What can people expect when the severe weather arrives?

What can people do to stay safe? afe??

16 1

Activity 5.7

Re ga le du ca tio n

The Four Seasons 1. Use the words in the box to label the seasons. easons. ons Draw arrows to show how the seasons ons change. change summer

1 62

winter

fall

spring pring

Months:

Months: M ont nth ths:

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2. Write the season. List the months of each season for your area.

Months: M onth ntths: nths:

Months:

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Activity 5.8

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What’s Summer Like? 1. Tell what summer is like in your area. Draw a picture of summer. Summer in

2. List the activitiess you ou do in i summer. Draw the clothes the you ou wear. we Activities:

164

Clothes:

Engineer It!

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Staying Cool in Summer! Summer is a great season to go hiking in a forest or swim at the beach. In hot weather, it is a good idea to take food and drinks in a cooler. Now it’s your turn to design and build a cooler!

Materials

• art and craft supplies sup pp s

• fabric

he erm mo omet om ete • bottle • thermometer bottle of water

• ice cubes

• cotton cotton wool

16 5

Procedure

Re ga le du ca tio n

1. In small groups, use the materials to design gn and build a cooler. 2. Place six ice cubes and the bottle of water in your cooler. Place the cooler outside de in a hot place. 3. Use the thermometer to measure ure the temperature of the water in the bottle throughout the day.

Draw a Model

Draw a model of your cooler. Label the materials you use used.

1 66

Observations

Re ga le du ca tio n

Record your data in the table. Time Temperature

Analyze and d Interpret I er erpre erp

Compare your cooler with other groups. How could you u improve improv your design?

167

Activity 5.9

Re ga le du ca tio n

What’s Winter Like? 1. Tell what winter is like in your area. Draw a picture of winter. Winter in

ou do in i winter. 2. List the activitiess you the you ou wear. we Draw the clothes Activities:

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Clothes:

Engineer It!

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Staying Warm in Winter! If you plan to go outdoors in winter, it’s always a good idea to take a jacket. A jacket helps to keep you warm. Now it’s your turn to design and build something to keep a cup of water warm!

Materials

• art and craft supplies p

• elastic bands

• cotton cotton cot ton wool w

• thermometer errmom

• fabric

• cup of warm water

16 9

Procedure

Re ga le du ca tio n

1. In small groups, use the materials to design gn and m. invent a way to keep a cup of water warm. 2. Fill the cup with warm water. Place e the cup in your invention.

3. Use the thermometer to measure ure the t temperature of the water in the cup throughout the day.

Draw a Model

Draw a model of your invention. inventio Label the materials you use used.

170

Re ga le du c

Record your data in the table. Time Temperature

Observations

Analyze and d Interpret I er erpre erpr

Compare your invention inventi with other groups. How could you u improve improv your design?

17 1

Activity 5.10

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Seasons and Daylight 1. Watch the video ‘Seasons and Daylight’. ht’.

imes mes for fo (a) Record the sunrise and sunset times each season in the table. Season

Sunrise

Sunset nset

Daylight D Hours

Season Fall

Winter Spring

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(b) Which season the most hours of daylight? eason aso has as th

(d) How How does doe the length of daylight change from ffall to w winter?

172

du ca tio n

2. It is the end of winter. What is the next season? s How will the hours of daylight change?

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hatt is the next ne n 3. It is the end of spring. What season? light change? cha How will the hours of daylight

h month month has ha the t most hours of daylight 5. Which ere you live? W where What season is it?

17 3

Review

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Weather and Seasons 1. Which word describes how hot or cold the e weather is? (a) rainfall (b) temperature (c) wind

2. What can be used to measure temperature? re tempe (a) thermometer (b) anemometer (c) rain gauge

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3. Name the severe weather events. ather ev (a) (b)

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Re ga le du ca tio n

4. Write the order of the seasons. ,

summer,

5. Which is the warmest season? 6. Which is the coldest season?

7. Why do many plants grow during ring spring? spri (a) It is hot and dry. wate (b) There is lots of sunlight and water. (c) Leaves fall from trees. ees. 8. True (

) or false (

(a) Summer has the he most mos hours of daylight. (b) Spring has longer long days than summer.

9. Blake e noticed th that it is getting darker earlier each evening. Which Whic describes the time of the year? (a) It is the end of spring. (b) It is th the start of summer. (c) It is the end of fall. 17 5