Analuiza Rocha // Zuleica Ferrari
3
HIGHLIGHTS Sugerido para o 8o ano do Ensino Fundamental de nove anos
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CANADA
track 2 France The Eiffel Tower is the icon of France around the world. This 300-meter iron structure was inaugurated in 1889 beside the Seine River in Paris. The names of 72 scientists and engineers are engraved on the tower to honor the people who helped build it.
THE UNITED STATES
MEXICO
COLOMBIA
BRAZIL
Chile track 3 The Atacama Desert in Chile is the driest place on Earth. No rain fell here during the 400-year period from 1571 to 1971. ARGENTINA
In these countries, English is spoken as an official language. NOTE: The other countries named are the ones mentioned in this book.
4
four
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Countries & Cultures
Norway track 4 Swords were symbols of power and wealth in Norway. Only Viking leaders and kings owned swords. People believed swords had magical powers. When a Viking leader or king died, his sword was passed down to a son.
SCOTLAND
NORTHERN IRELAND
ENGLAND
RUSSIA
IRELAND WALES
GERMANY
Denmark track 5 People in Denmark like to eat fish and potatoes on New Year’s Eve. Before midnight, family members climb onto chairs. When the clock strikes twelve, they jump down and toast the New Year with champagne.
ITALY
JAPAN
CHINA
PORTUGAL
INDIA
track 6 Greece In 776 B.C., ancient Greece held the first Olympic Games in the village of Olympia. Many people think an Olympiad is the celebration of the Olympic Games. In fact, this word refers to the four-year period between Olympic Games.
MALAYSIA NIGERIA
Spain track 7 Flamenco is a 15th-century musical style. At first, people only sang Flamenco, but later they started playing guitars and castanets, clapping their hands, stomping their feet, and dancing to the songs. Gypsies practiced Flamenco secretly in their camps. In the early 19th century, this musical style became popular across Spain.
MAPA MERAMENTE ILUSTRATIVO
Indonesia track 8 Indonesia is the world’s largest archipelago and fourth mostpopulated country. It comprises 17,508 islands. There are approximately 583 languages and dialects spoken in Indonesia.
AUSTRALIA
SOUTH AFRICA
NEW ZEALAND
five
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Unit two
track 13
You Were Prettier Than Me Julie: Let me tell you something, Elaine. Elaine: OK. Go ahead. Julie: Remember when we were kids? I was jealous of you. Elaine: Jealous? Why? Julie: Because you were older and prettier than me. Elaine: Oh, I don’t believe it. Julie: And because you were taller than me. Elaine: Well, I was jealous of you because you were more intelligent than me. Julie: Uh-huh. Elaine: I mean it. Now that we are in our twenties, you are as tall as me but you are still more intelligent. Julie: As for you, you are still prettier than me. Elaine: Oh, come on. Don’t be silly. Julie: OK. Let’s forget about it.
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track 14
Opposites
young
old
tall
cheap
quiet plump
slim
expensive
noisy
big
small
cold
hot
18
short
clean
fast
slow
dirty
eighteen
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A
Read the dialogue on page 17. Then put numbers in the parentheses to form sentences. (
1 When Julie and Elaine were kids,
) because Elaine was prettier than her.
2 Julie was jealous
B
3 Elaine was taller
(
) as tall as Elaine.
4 Julie was younger
(
) Elaine is still prettier than her.
5 Now Julie is
(
) than Julie.
6 According to Julie,
(
) and more intelligent than Elaine.
(
) they were jealous of each other.
Copy from the text the comparative form of the adjectives that describe Elaine and Julie. Elaine
C
D
Julie
Who said what? Write J for Julie or E for Elaine. 1 (
) I was jealous of you.
2 (
) You were older and prettier than me.
3 (
) You were more intelligent than me.
4 (
) You are as tall as me, but you are still more intelligent.
5 (
) You are still prettier than me.
Compare the young women. When they were kids
Now
Elaine was older than Julie.
Elaine is
Elaine was prettier than Julie.
Elaine
Julie.
Julie is
tall
Julie.
Elaine Julie
Elaine.
Julie was younger than Elaine. Julie
Elaine. Julie
intelligent Elaine.
Julie.
Elaine.
Julie Elaine. nineteen
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E Answer the questions based on the information given.
CN Tower (Toronto, Canada) 553.33 m high
Eiffel Tower (Paris, France) 300 m high
1 Which tower is higher, the Eiffel Tower or the CN Tower?
killer whale 4.5 tons
blue whale 150 tons
2 Which whale is bigger, the killer whale or the blue whale?
The Nile River 6,852 km long
The Amazon River 6,437 km long
3 Which river is longer, the Amazon or the Nile?
tiger Around 41 km/h
cheetah Around 110 km/h
4 Which animal is faster, the cheetah or the tiger?
New York City Founded in 1664
Salvador Founded in 1549
5 Which city is older, New York City or Salvador? 20
twenty
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F
Look at the pictures. Complete the sentences with the comparative form of the adjectives. Number 1 is done for you.
dangerous
1 A lion is more dangerous than a cat. A cat is less dangerous than a lion.
comfortable
2 A sofa is
than a chair.
A chair is
than a sofa.
expensive
3 A motorcycle is A bike is
than a bike. than a motorcycle.
economical
4 A compact car is A sports car is
than a sports car. than a compact car. twenty-one
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G Write comparative sentences using the information given.
1 Timothy (73 years old) / Albert (73 years old) / old 2 Brittany (58 kg) / Anne (58 kg) / heavy 3 Alexander (1.80 m) / Todd (1.90 m) / tall 4 English book (7 cm) / French book (7 cm) / thick 5 shirt (U$ 80) / dress(U$ 300) / expensive H Read what Helen has to say about her life as a teenager. Fill in the blanks with
was, wasn’t, were, or weren’t.
When I
14 I was shorter and thinner. short. It was long and black. My
My hair
taller than me. Now he
brother Anthony
younger. Our house
is shorter. My parents small but the garden
big. The beautiful, but
streets in the neighborhood
much quieter. When I was a teenager,
they life
track 15
22
easier!
I Listen to Sam and Julie talking on the phone. Check ( ) TRUE or FALSE.
TRUE
1 Sam wants to travel during his next vacation.
(
) (
)
2 Toronto is more expensive than Sydney.
(
) (
)
3 Sydney is hotter than Toronto.
(
) (
)
4 Toronto is easier for Sam to visit than Sydney.
(
) (
)
5 The trip to Sydney is shorter.
(
) (
)
FALSE
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J
Work in pairs. Read each statement to your partner. Check ( ) the appropriate column. Ex.: Portuguese is easier than Art. I don’t agree. I think Art is easier than Portuguese. / I disagree. In my opinion, Portuguese is more difďŹ cult than Art. Agree
K
1
Portuguese is easier than Art.
2
A typewriter is better than a computer.
3
Tennis is more exciting than soccer.
4
Living in a small town is cheaper than living in a big city.
5
Big cities are less dangerous than small towns.
6
The traffic in big cities is worse than in small towns.
Disagree
Look at the information about elephants. Circle the correct form of the adjectives. AFRICAN ELEPHANT
ASIAN ELEPHANT
(LOXODONTA AFRICANA)
(ELEPHAS MAXIMUS)
WEIGHT: 4-7 tons HEIGHT: 3-4 meters COLOR: gray, light gray FOOD: mainly leaves EARS: enormous
WEIGHT: 2-4 tons HEIGHT: 2-3 meters COLOR: gray, dark gray FOOD: mainly grass EARS: big
There are only two species of elephants today: African and Asian. The African elephant lives in Central Africa and the Asian elephant lives in India, Indochina, Malaysia, Indonesia, and South China. The African elephant is heavier / lighter than the Asian elephant. It weighs from 4 to 7 metric tons. The African elephant is also taller / shorter. It's between 3 and 4 meters tall. Both elephants are gray but the Asian elephant can be darker / lighter. The African elephant has smaller / bigger ears than the Asian elephant.
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track 16
Small Towns and
Big Cities:
Pros and Cons
Bob Everitt, 28, Huntingdon
P
by Jonathan Brown
eople have different opinions about small towns and big cities. Some people like to live in small towns, which are safer, friendlier, and less polluted. But others think big city life is more exciting than small town life. After all, big cities offer more job opportunities and more leisure activities. Bob Everitt, 28, believes small towns are better than big cities. He lives in Huntingdon, England. The town has around 20,000 inhabitants. “I like Huntingdon,” Bob says, “because it’s a small town with less crime. It’s quieter and more peaceful than London.” Bob doesn’t like the stress of city life. Also, in his town, he lives in closer contact with nature. “At night, I can see the stars,” Bob explains. “The glare of city lights doesn’t block the view.” For Bob, life in the country is great. But for Dylan Wilson, 26, city life is better than country life. Dylan lives in London, the capital of England. The city has close to 7.5 million inhabitants. “I love the hustle and bustle of the big city,” Dylan points out. Although big Dylan Wilson, 26, cities are noisier, more polluted, and more London violent than small towns, many people find them more exciting. Dylan adds, “London has better restaurants and more interesting movies and plays. Plus, you can visit excellent museums, art galleries, and parks. Small towns are boring. But big cities are fascinating because they offer more options for work and fun.”
http://en.wikipedia.org http://www.visitlondon.com
because porque block bloqueia closer mais próximo country campo; interior exciting emocionante
24
fun diversão hustle and bustle grande movimento life vida lights luzes
offer oferecem peaceful tranquila stars estrelas stress estresse towns cidades
twenty-four
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Read the article again and do the activities. A Find ten words which are similar to Portuguese.
B Check ( ) the correct answer.
1 Some people prefer small towns because they are… a (
) safer, friendlier, and more polluted.
b (
) safer and more polluted.
c (
) safer, friendlier, and less polluted.
2 Big cities are… a (
) not as exciting as small towns.
b (
) more exciting than small towns.
c (
) as exciting as small towns.
C Complete the charts. Use comparative forms.
London
Population
Size
Size
Noise
Noise
Cleanliness Pollution
Entertainment
Characteristics
Characteristics
Population
Huntingdon
Cleanliness Pollution
Entertainment
Share ideas with a classmate 1 Qual a população de sua cidade? Você a considera grande ou pequena? 2 Quais os principais problemas de uma cidade grande? E os de uma cidade pequena? 3 De que modo a poluição do ar e da água afeta a qualidade de vida das pessoas? 4 Como você pode contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade de vida na sua casa, na sua escola e no seu bairro?
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Vacation DESTINATIONS
Come to Fortaleza, the city of sun where it's summer all year round!
SEA AND SUN TRAVEL AGENCY 0800-0023443 www.seaandsunagency.com.br
Work in pairs. Find pictures of a small town and of a big city. Imagine you have a travel agency. Make a poster on a piece of thick paper advertising a big city and a small town. Write a paragraph or two comparing both places. Compare: • size • population • sights / landmarks • crime / dangers • climate Paste the pictures on the poster. Present your work to the group, suggesting a visit to the cities.
Play the game "Let's Compare." in groups, write sentences comparing the items below. Follow your teacher’s instructions. the Earth / the Moon traveling by car / by plane movie theater / home theater a horse / a tiger Brazil / China Japanese food / Italian food basketball / soccer
HOW mUCH dO YOU KNOW? Comparar dois elementos. Concordar com outras pessoas ou discordar delas.
the beach / the mountain 26
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Units 1 - 2 A
1
Look at the pictures and complete the descriptions with the words from the box. short – plump – thin – wavy – tall – straight – brown – short – blond – black – blue – long Tony Tony is in his teens. He is
and
.
He has and
hair eyes. Susie
Susie is in her twenties. She is
and
. She has hair and
B
eyes.
Write the words from the list in the correct column. You can use some words more than once. average weight – spiky – tall – curly – blue – parted on the side – plump medium-height – thin – gray – long – short – wavy – brown – blond green – medium-length – red HEIGHT
BUILD
HAIR
EYES
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C
Read the information in the chart and check ( ) the correct alternative to complete each sentence. Then write the answer in the space provided. Pacific Ocean: 169,479,000 km²
Atlantic Ocean: 91,526,400 km²
Salvador: founded in 1549
New York City: founded in 1664
Pico da Neblina: 3,014 m
Mount Everest: 8,848 m
1 The Pacific Ocean is a(
the Atlantic Ocean.
) as big as
b(
) bigger than
2 New York City is a(
D
) smaller than
c(
) older than
c(
) higher than
Salvador.
) as old as
b(
) not as old as
3 Pico da Neblina is a(
c(
Mount Everest.
) not as high as
b(
) as high as
Andrew visited Paris and London last summer. This is part of a letter he is writing to a friend. Complete the text with was, wasn’t, were, and weren’t. PARIS
LONDON
In my opinion, London
interesting, but Paris
hotter in
interesting. The sun was shining every day in Paris. It Paris than in London. The parks in London the parks
more
full of people. In Paris,
as full as they were in London. In Paris, a lot of people on the streets and in the malls. Paris is a great city for shopping.
My trip to Paris and London
fantastic. And it
too
expensive. I want to go back someday.
28
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Unit two A
Look at the pictures and write T (True) or F (False).
Samantha
B
Christine
1 (
) Samantha is younger than Christine.
2 (
) Christine is thinner than Samantha.
3 (
) Samantha is taller than Christine.
4 (
) Christine is older than Samantha.
5 (
) Samantha’s house is bigger than Christine’s house.
6 (
) Christine’s house is more beautiful than Samantha’s house.
7 (
) Samantha’s house is more expensive than Christine’s.
Charles and Susan are planning a trip to Europe. Read their conversation. Complete the sentences with the comparative form of the adjectives. Charles: Susan, we can visit Madrid in Spain. Susan: Oh, Charles, I prefer Barcelona to Madrid. Charles: But Madrid is the capital of Spain. It’s
(famous) than Barcelona.
Susan: I think Barcelona is Charles: You know it’s
(interesting) than Madrid. (easy) to go to Madrid. There are more flights
from Chicago to Madrid than from Chicago to Barcelona. Susan: Yeah, but it’s
(cheap) to stay in Barcelona because our friends live
there. We can stay in their house and visit the city with them. Charles: Yes, Susan, you’re right. For us, Madrid is Barcelona. But Barcelona is
(expensive) than (good).
Susan: All right! Let’s stay in Barcelona then! ninety-seven TYT3_ADDITIONAL_Asub.indd 97
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C
Read the advertisement for a new chocolate bar. Check ( ) the correct alternative to complete each sentence. Then write the alternative in the space provided.
Taste
CHOCONUT
YOU HAVE FOUR GOOD REASONS TO LOVE THIS CHOCOLATE BAR 1 It’s a(
than any other chocolate bars: only 200 calories in a 100 g bar. ) light
2 It’s a(
) cheaper
D
c(
) more light
b(
) expensive
c(
) cheap
because it has more milk and more coconut! ) more delicious
4 It’s a(
) lighter
than any other chocolate bars.
3 It’s a(
b(
b(
) more difficult
c(
) more economical
to buy now: you can find Choconut on the internet, too! ) easy
b(
) easier
c(
) more beautiful
Toshio is talking about his experience in Japan last year. Complete the sentences. Use was, wasn’t, were, and weren’t.
I
in Japan last year but I born
born there. I am Brazilian. My parents in Tokyo, Japan. They
happy there during
the Second World War but now they have a better life in Brazil. I
very happy in Japan because I love
the Japanese people, food, and music. Now I have a Japanese girlfriend!
98
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Adjectives Order of Adjectives Quando, numa oração, há vários adjetivos que descrevem fisicamente uma pessoa, precedidos de um substantivo, a ordem desses adjetivos deve ser como a do exemplo seguinte: QUALIDADE
COMPRIMENTO
TIPO
COR
SUBSTANTIVO
beautiful
long
wavy
black
hair
Ex.: Elliot has beautiful long wavy black hair and green eyes. Para descrever alguém fisicamente, usam-se os seguintes verbos: BE
HAVE
My eyes are green.
I have green eyes.
His hair is black.
He has black hair.
Degrees in Adjectives – Comparative Uso O grau comparativo dos adjetivos é utilizado para fazer a comparação entre dois elementos. Pode indicar igualdade, superioridade ou inferioridade. Forma Igualdade O comparativo de igualdade é formado com as... as... em orações afirmativas e not as... as em orações negativas. Ex.: Brittany is as heavy as Anne. Alexander s not i as tall as Todd. Superioridade Em adjetivos de uma sílaba (e em alguns de duas sílabas), acrescentam-se o sufixo er ao adjetivo e a palavra than. Ex: quiet – quieter clean – cleaner old – older young – younger
cold – colder
slow – slower
long – longer
simple – simpler
Elaine is older than Julie. Julie is younger than Elaine. Julie is quieter than Elaine. one hundred and eleven
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English • Portuguese
a year ago um ano atrás
back costas
cable car bonde
absent ausente
backache dor nas costas
call telefonar
add adicionar; somar
bad mau, má; ruim
carrot cenoura
advice conselho
band banda
after depois
bangs franja
ailment doença
barbecue churrasco
alcoholic alcoólico(a)
beach praia
allowance mesada
beard barba
almost quase
beauty mark pinta (falsa) de beleza
along ao longo de
because porque
cloudy nublado(a)
amazing surpreendente; incrível
believe acreditar
coast costa
amusement diversão
best melhor
coastal costeiro(a)
another outro
better melhor
cob espiga
answer responder
big grande
cold frio(a); resfriado
anxious ansioso(a)
bird pássaro
comfortable confortável
anybody alguém; ninguém
black preto(a)
comic book gibi
apartment apartamento
blond loiro (cabelo)
compare comparar
appear aparecer
blue azul
consist consistir
apple maçã
body corpo
contain conter
appointment hora marcada
boring desinteressante
continent continente
arid árido(a)
both ambos(as)
conversation conversação
arm braço
bridge ponte
corn milho
as… as tão… quanto
brief breve
corn on the cob espiga de milho
aspirin aspirina
bronze bronze
country país
attend assistir
brown castanho
course curso
average média(o)
build constituição física
craft arte; ofício
away longe
bush arbusto
cranberry sauce molho de oxicoco
awesome imponente; legal
business negócio
curly crespo(a)
carrousel carrossel chat bater papo cheap barato(a) cheetah guepardo clean limpo(a) close próximo(a)
one hundred and nineteen
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Portuguese • English
a maioria de most of acontecer happen acordar wake up
atenciosamente sincerely yours
caro(a) expensive
atrasado(a) late
carrossel carrousel
ausente absent
cartão de dia dos
avião plane azul blue
namorados valentine casar marry
acreditar believe
castanho brown
adicionar add
cavalo horse
agência de turismo travel agency
baixo(a) short, low
cenário setting
ajudar help
banda band
cenoura carrot
alcoólico(a) alcoholic
barato(a) cheap
chá gelado iced tea
alguém somebody; anybody
barba beard
chapéu hat
almoço lunch
barulhento(a) noisy
cheio(a) full
batata-doce sweet potato
chover rain
bater papo chat
churrasco barbecue
bem conhecido(a) well-known
chuvoso(a) rainy
bigode mustache
claro(a) light
bilhete por motivo de
com cerração foggy
alto(a) high, tall altura height alugar rent ambos(as) both anel ring ansioso(a) anxious antigo(a) old
doença sick note
com ciúmes jealous
bobo(a) silly
com sono sleepy
boca mouth
Como ele é? What does he
antipático(a) unfriendly
bolsa purse
ao longo de along
bom good
comparar compare
apaixonado(a) por in love with
bonde cable car
comprido(a) long
aparecer appear
bonita pretty
comprimento length
aparência look
bonito handsome
comprimento médio medium
apartamento apartment
braço arm
aprender learn
branco white
concurso de cultura geral quiz
apresentação show
breve brief
confortável comfortable
apresentador(a) de TV TV
brincadeira joke
conhecer know
bronze bronze
conhecido(a) familiar
presenter
length
conselho advice, piece of advice
apresentar show arbusto bush
look like?
consistir consist cabeça head
constituição física build
cabelo hair
consultório médico doctor‘s office
cair em fall into
conter contain
caminhar walk
continente continent
arte craft
caminho way
conversação conversation
aspirina aspirin
cansado(a) tired
convidar invite
assar roast
característica feature
cópia transcript
assistir attend
Caramba! Oh, my!
corpo body
árido(a) arid armadilha trap arroz rice
124
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