What If You Could Make Everything In The Same Place You Lived? by RMIT Architecture

CITY IN CITY

Chuhan Yao

Haidong Guo

Rui Wang

Zhengding Qian

CITY IN CITY

INDEX

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Pre-design studies: the site context studies prior to design stages.

Early Design Exploration: explore different future design scenarios by raising the â&#x20AC;&#x153;What if..?â&#x20AC;? question.

Mid Sem Presentation: initial design proposal and scripting attempts.

Final Presentation: Revised final outcome of the project.

CITY IN CITY

Pre-design Studies

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aihu region is considered as a region with powerful agriculture and industry background. It is also considered as one of the densest populated area in China. From the study we estimated that population of Taihu region will be doubled in 2050, from 9.24 million to 18.69 million. The population can be seen in the drawing to the right, focusing at several cities such as HuZhou, Wuxi, SUzhou, etc. Also urbanization is currently undergoing at the region, we can see dense housing estates covering endless urban fabric at the region. Therefore in the future we will be soon running out of area for the population.

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Population Comparison

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T G I

aihu region is considered as secondary/ tertiary cities in China that has recently being developed. Over the last 50 years, Taihu region gradually gets surrounded by numerous city blocks and strips, replacing the farmlands and natural terrains with commercial, industrial and residential lands.

trial base

eneral information about Taihu Region: -Population: 36 Million (with 19 Million of agricultural population) -One of the region with highest population intensity in China -One of the largest comprehensive indus-

n the recent future, local government has acknowledged the importance of local ecological balance, which has been damaged by the industrial activities. Therefore, development of Taihu region will shift its focus, from industrial/residential uses to local eco-balance. Also, new policies has been carried out that cities around Taihu should work with each other, towards development of tourism as well as achieving digitalized infrastructure. For the following 30 years, Taihu will maintain its development posture, but at a slower and more stable pace, investing more resouce into environmental protection.

hanghai is one of the megacities in China which leads the econmy growth around Taihu region. Government policy suggests that the development of Taihu region is being supported by Shanghai.

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ask 1 is the site context research about the spatial distribution of existing programs of the site.

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Theatre Stadiums Sports center Shopping mall Prisons Primary School PowerStation Natural gas plant Kindergarten Hospital Garbage Dump Galleries Fire Station Commercial Market Bus Terminal Airport Railway Station

Task 1

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ask 2 is about measuring the existing GFA of the site. This sets up the database for the engine of our design vision to implement on.

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Task 2

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Once we set up this database by doing Task 1 & 2, we can do different data analysis and visulization.

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Task 1&2 Visulization

Sports center & Market availability analysis

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Early Design Exploration

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hen we move to an individual task, approaching future design scenario by raising the question: â&#x20AC;&#x153;What if ...?â&#x20AC;&#x153; Explore the possibility, imagining the vision from the scenario.

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What if the concept of city no longer exist? All of the people lives in urban area. The whole terrain becomes a continuous city strips/ blocks. Urban terrain may become a lot of small pieces of general fabric. It connects with each other and each of the fabric would provide most of the amenities that satisfy functions of a city(e.g. hospital, supermarket, park, etc.). Several â&#x20AC;&#x153;city centreâ&#x20AC;? fabric will form the centre of the fabric network, where government buildings and administrative buildings would locate at.

CITY IN CITY

What if there is no private transportation anymore? All transportation would be public/shared transportation, except for walking. Ground level spaces will be freed again for pedestrians. Main roads will be provided mostly for bikes and shared cars, while bus, train/tram access will be elevated to a higher level.

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What if future city does not need to be designed by human? Future city will be â&#x20AC;&#x153;smart and intellegentâ&#x20AC;?. Practices such as AI engineering, data-driven design has been introduced to us recently, as a more efficient and precise tool. Therefore, future smart city might not be even designed by human, but AI. A new digital ecology system will be built, driven by real-time cloud data feed. Every interaction and situation will be recorded(e.g. accessibility, walkability, different usage at different time, etc.) and analyzed by digital system to produce designs that best responds to human behaviour pattern and archieve maximum efficiency.

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What if sea level keeps rising? Sea level rising is one of the prime problem at the moment. What if sea level keeps rising and land area keeps shrinking? In that condition human has to think of a way to utilize water spaces. Floating island structures seems to best accomodate buildings. Think of each island as an individual city, since ocean is constantly moving, the connections between each island will not be as strong as it is on land. So it would be more important that these islands are more or less self-sustaining. Some important self-sustaining practices: -Solar panels for hot water/ electricity supply -Water recylcing system/seawater treatment system -Wind turbine that generates electricity

CITY IN CITY

What if Taihu Disappears? River tends to shrink due to human activities(upstream). How would people convert the dried lake area? Some possibilities: -Riverside park (River Wei) -Urban Spread (housings) -A transportation hub city in the middle -Artificial lake again?(Chinese government policy)

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Mid-Sem Presentation

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n the end, we nailed down our research topic as â&#x20AC;&#x153;What if you could make everything in the same place you lived?â&#x20AC;? From this starting point, we explored different rules that defines the city in our vision.

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Initial Rule System: 1.The FAR of residential buildings cannot be lower than 4.5 2.The roof green coverage should not be less than 80% 3.The proportion of industrial land shall not exceed 5% 4.The educational facilities should be in single building. 5.The industry with high pollution should be under 4 floors. 6. All non-educational buildings need to have 3 or more functions and be no less than 30 storeys high. 7. No buildings can be built within 100 metre from an educational precinct, and all buildings within 300 metres of an education precinct needs to be no higher than 12 storeys. 9. All non-recyclable materials shall not be used. 10. Every company within one building shall take the responsibility for their own waste disposal, as well as equally share the maintenance for the recycling system it uses. 11. 10% of every residential property with best accessibility needs to be reserved for people aged more than 65.

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Initial outcome vision

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Initial outcome vision

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Rules First Revision 1. All existing commercial, industrial and agricultural GFA should be moved to existing residential zones. 2. Only the lands with GFA higher than X m2 can contain other functions than green spaces. 3. All existing buildings with GFA/area ratio higher than 50 shall take all other GFA within 3 km from the building as towers that surround the centre building. The height of these building shall satisfy the following formula: Building Height = 1 - ( distance from centre point / 3km) * central building height 2) Transportation hubs count as centres as well but follows a different formula Building Height = 1 + ( distance from centre point / 3km) * central building height All existing buildings with GFA/area ratio higher than 30 but lower than 50 shall take all other GFA within 1 km from the building as towers that surround the centre building. The height of these building shall satisfy the following formula: Building Height = 1 - ( distance from centre point / 1km) * central building height 2) Transportation hubs count as centres as well but follows a different formula Building Height = 1 + ( distance from centre point / 1km) * central building height Note that only one building within 1km with the highest GFA/area ratio will be selected. 4. For every building there will be: -10% used for Industrial function -30% used for commercial function -10% used for Agricultural function -35% used for residential function 5. For every urban core selected in Rule #3, GFA should be no less than X per m2 of land

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Mid-Sem Presentation

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Final Presentation

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Final Rules: 1: All existing commercial, industrial and agricultural GFA should be moved to existing residential zones. 2: All existing GFA with area lower than X*(Coefficient 1)Y m2 cannot be used for developments, where Y refers to the year passed from 2020. 3: For those existing GFA that is lower, if there is water source within 1km radius, the GFA will be restored for water use (e.g. riverbank extensions, water parks, etc.). Among all other GFA that is lower, if it is lower than A m2, it will be developed into reforestation, if it is between A and X*(Coefficient 1)Y, it will be developed into grassland. 4: For all existing zones with GFA>X*(Coefficient 1)Y , it takes in Z*(Coefficient 2)Y km radius of its surrounding discarded GFA in Rules 2. When a discarded GFA is in multiple radius of different zones, it will be taken by the zone with highest GFA. Y refers to the year passed from 2020. 5:The whole Taihu Region is divided into hexagon grids with a X*(Coefficient 3)Y km of length of side. For every hexagon there will be one closest centre point of city to be chosen as Transportation Hubs. Y refers to the year passed from 2020. 6: Areas(hexagons) with population density lower than B per m2 and has waterways within the radius of C km shall be used for waterways related purpose(extensions, water parks, riverbank expansions etc.). (Removed later)

CITY IN CITY

Final Presentation BACKGROUND STUDIES Theatre Theatre Stadiums Stadiums Bike Lane Bike Lane Sports center Sports center Secondary Road Secondary Road Shopping mall Shopping mall Main Road Main Road Prisons Prisons

Highway Highway

Primary School Primary School Bus Rapid Bus Rapid Transit Transit PowerStation PowerStation

Commercial/Residential Mixed

Metro Metro Line Line

Natural plant Natural gasgas plant High Speed High Speed Train Train Kindergarten Kindergarten Bike Lane Hospital Hospital

Secondary Road

Garbage Dump Garbage Dump

Main Road Civic Highway

Civic Galleries Galleries

Industrial

Commercial Commercial Fire Station Fire Station

Bus Rapid Transit Residential (Urban) Commercial Market Commercial Market Residential (Urban) Metro Line Bus Terminal Village Bus Terminal High Speed Train Airport Creative Airport Industries Creative Industries Medium Density Residential Railway Station Eco Industries Railway Station Industrial Civic Industrial Agricultural Commercial Agricultural Parkland Parkland Residential (Urban) Wilderness Village Wilderness Water Creative Industries Water

Agricultrial

Eco Industries Industrial Agricultural Parkland Wilderness Water

THE URBAN ENGINE: RULES Rule #1: All existing commercial, industrial and agricultural GFA are moved to existing residential zones.

CITY IN CITY

THE URBAN ENGINE: RULES Rule #2: All existing smaller GFA are discarded and returned back to natural uses, while larger GFA are preserved as building functions.

THE URBAN ENGINE: RULES Rule #3: The discarded GFA from Rule #2 are redeveloped into grassland, waterways and reforestation based on the different environment they are in.

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THE URBAN ENGINE: RULES Rule #4: GFAs are consolidated into larger clusters, allowing for future population growth.

THE URBAN ENGINE: SYSTEM MECHANICS

GFA Absorb Distance Discarded GFA Preserved GFA

CITY IN CITY

THE URBAN ENGINE: SYSTEM MECHANICS

GFA Absorb Distance

Discarded GFA Preserved GFA

THE URBAN ENGINE: SYSTEM MECHANICS

GFA Absorb Distance Discarded GFA Preserved GFA

CITY IN CITY

THE URBAN ENGINE: SYSTEM MECHANICS

GFA Absorb Distance

Discarded GFA Preserved GFA

THE URBAN ENGINE: SYSTEM MECHANICS

GFA Absorb Distance Discarded GFA Preserved GFA

CITY IN CITY

THE URBAN ENGINE: OUTCOMES GFA> 0.8 Million m2

MINIMUM POSSIBLE CHANGE

Waterway Forest & Wilderness Grassland Civic Land Preserved GFA

THE URBAN ENGINE: OUTCOMES GFA> 2.5 Million m2

BALANCED CITY

Waterway Forest & Wilderness Grassland Civic Land Preserved GFA

CITY IN CITY

THE CONSOLIDATED CITY

THE URBAN ENGINE GFA> 3 Million m2

24.51497

19.153098

7.578015

61.291074

11.025545

8.957934

17.531446

18.882469

8.768178

9.696171

15.554459

11.505576

15.484729

10.141353

12.208936

26.271691

14.049627

25.21772

7.795718

47.916972

42.200423

11.248178

18.954203

12.523948

23.494713

14.075294

14.620306

37.235295

8.708777

18.554609

17.496454

14.601682

8.521076

9.639408

8.483604

46.200903

10.675707

10.27904

19.571124

8.073608

7.844304

Waterway 11.556271

Forest & Wilderness Grassland Civic Land

12.799225

12.532664

15.589764

9.992984

24.993802

11.483341

10.361499

9.294872

8.294992

10.797426

12.695304

23.026398

9.898573

21.104386

13.025977

14.150959

28.361128

12.198487

19.283563

9.504466

10.885742

11.9139

7.549415

9.561672

12.266517

9.480536

8.085492

10.771637

12.978492

8.930335

10.568766

12.328214

11.396725

8.411546

99.156055

8.567548

13.748301

8.193096

8.359672

7.564765

8.570662

8.160945

17.813541

Preserved GFA 10.452138

8.799607

37.012524

9.224397

7.795819

9.286444

7.494136

7.732068

15.184776

22.861319

46.90243

9.382444

10.004677

7.571324

9.850093

13.235627

15.181367

15.807895

13.575846

8.86685

THE URBAN ENGINE: LANDUSE ZONE MORPHOLOGY 0.229117

10.444495

12.369303

8.718642

19.966398

35.012151

9.847137

48.429543

51.925288

10.38744

0.201338

0.156266

0.128785

0.908176

8.857487

0.377166

0.042008 42.8 0.270684

33.903142

8.496324

0.04747 47.4 0.182814

10.764438

46.6 36.452701

25.409213

27.966753

37.2 24.517734

20.879758

14.843509

39.7 11.175603

0.159395

0.36718

0.172465

0.21287

0.148203

0.279543

0.139396

0.377166

0.135522

0.205689

1.151206

19.1529

0.14391

0.040152 40.1 0.129771

10.343052

17.748455

0.035755 43.6 0.174634

0.04665

144.8 10.618416

0.037284

59.6 20.5072

0.039694

82.9 12.430381

0.14391

0.134088

0.464939

0.299023

56.347314

0.336549

0.042892 42.9 0.233828

9.232586

34.728967

42.5 0.042625 0.249542

0.144821

0.203834

45.046965

0.182667

0.05644 56.4 0.127472

13.414705

34.223686

0.085646 85.6 0.361416

18.142721

33.8 15.817036

95.6 9.832285

179.4 19.495272

0.059616

109.2 22.790944

0.109228

360.2 8.397751

0.360881

26.018838

0.082503

96.9 19.109445

0.09698

175.8 15.311037

0.175882

75.6 9.363828

0.336549

0.791637

0.216256

0.033832

0.148815

0.142227

0.156582

0.095653

0.182667

0.126207

0.391764

0.100331

7.810526

0.295515

0.08788 87.8 0.137318

16.253422

64.1 0.06405 0.13103

15.054223

0.179483

0.199539

137.7 0.137696 0.397588

0.075619

0.184492

0.054104

0.440273

0.06986

0.264809

0.038328

48.191343

0.183824

0.184862

10.190531

0.210253

0.118266

8.248267

130.7 0.130721

0.032635

9.216156

0.281446 281.4

0.107518

14.297468

0.168501 168.5

0.039154

12.872872

0.161227

24.469025

15.145253

0.128189

12.325709

0.139119

0.216556

22.932171

0.189102

0.053999

8.495702

279.0 0.278707

0.038131

8.969207

0.209746 209.7

0.111673

17.715434

0.295515 295.6

0.073553

13.646915

0.046927

12.226296

268.9 0.268992

510.9 0.510952

Minimum Possible Change

0.822748

7.607459

0.143231

0.077463

20.163344

925.2 0.925241

0.054736

24.570516

0.201338 201.3

0.284453

80.817739

1880.9 1.880935

0.089949

7.93684

0.099511

14.074314

139.2 0.139209

133.1 0.133102

0.284416

8.297909

0.153964

0.038703

7.956684

0.440273 440.3

0.128089

31.193459

0.382556 382.5

0.044828

18.728895

210.3 0.210253

0.036328

9.945029

0.054407

9.53305

135.2 0.135209

283.6 0.283595

0.071599

17.07597

0.21287

0.093272

26.497124

0.495506 495.5

0.100619

8.332934

0.33691 337.0

0.066523

17.199259

189.1 0.189102

0.033764

21.149212

0.043447

9.162301

152.9 0.152902

180.9 0.180969

0.045566

9.42541

0.135522

0.133651

13.613607

0.195735

0.107103

0.044549

21.426433 314.2 0.152949

0.08075

360.137547

0.791637

0.111558

8.276401 228.1 0.489332

0.131292

12.530778

0.397588

0.054783

7.678638 251.1 0.139961

0.15554

11.038363

0.128189

0.065105

53.813294 538.1 0.150717

0.295081

28.51949

0.136319

0.048288

8.445487 197.2 0.139682

0.228651

31.91316

0.331216

0.550243

67.503914

0.575074

32.486566

0.088277 12.218822 0.081553 10.49170.078515 663.3 0.149518 162.0 0.040915 396.2 14.92956 46.425388 8.733989 303.8 287.1 0.448829 0.288651 0.143231 0.226427 0.153964

11.486216

0.071004 227.9 0.04818 341.0 0.070728 304.4 0.046978 839.6 0.322017 187.8 0.056506 9.462542 13.470824 10.834646 47.616215 8.911377

22.561661

0.067219 296.2 0.282756313.6 0.070466 217.4 0.034379 433.0 0.044988 525.1 0.034281 19.081976 26.699053 8.368333 16.163774 33.350909

0.187122

0.141739

24.923209

0.134725

11.757283

0.079853

13.263952

291.9 0.29196

0.134088

0.066915 901.6 0.065906 476.2 0.276179 411.7 0.351326 602.4 0.133377 294.4 12.828031 90.1665 29.289539 23.100452 46.747923 0.151357 0.187582 0.297289 0.148135 0.156266

26.751324

0.035848

449.8 0.449822

0.167183

41.485024

0.359615

0.178097

0.183087

0.272393

The Balanced City

0.136319

0.159395

0.331216

0.279543

2.875241

0.270684

0.161624

0.129771

0.032504

0.205883

0.045484

0.127261

0.396734

13.661089

2.875241

0.073627

15.842025

0.36871

0.098309

15.96381

0.128785

0.061667

15.351794

0.131272

0.033439

28.779155

33.483918

0.053127

22.828078

0.227721

0.160991

0.049879

0.254773

0.059555

0.21158

The Consolidated City

11.175603

14.843509

0.04528 20.879758

0.113644 12.942605

0.037695 22.880359

0.27619 12.516603

0.106227 16.80572

0.137046 12.463676

0.087679 23.649382

0.079415 10.054923

0.035477 16.487577

0.059044 8.999619

0.108098 25.106207

0.039845 36.889173

0.216648 13.173912

0.09319 9.329385

0.035182 17.511924

9.118450.052622

0.147316 11.780869

0.033456 8.278336

0.055752 28.323058

24.517734

27.966753

0.115984 25.409213

0.174648 11.22295

0.358286 9.888028

0.043578 15.114206

0.071707 10.154922

0.044821 21.163541

0.076434 9.21404

0.095972 7.740251

0.08652 8.299976

0.034593 11.18787

0.041702 41.770235

0.036425 10.137379

0.040419 25.794775

0.203679 13.73925

0.089395 19.436531

0.06863 21.632095

0.034803 16.241512

0.044595 10.843488

0.049227 19.094651

36.452701

10.764438

0.098025 10.38744

0.046902 9.953754

0.083533 8.270246

0.061658 7.991622

0.060313 26.243025

0.072869 7.705762

0.048756 19.402719

0.035867 8.682946

0.054232 8.609591

0.040488 9.305772

0.038257 15.633403

0.055483 15.345551

0.050267 14.24382

0.090532 31.973966

0.050972 35.18419

0.073045 21.241321

0.059362 110.679173

0.043654 13.927455

0.038246 12.594641

8.496324

51.925288

0.063863 48.429543

0.041983 11.329164

0.054688 8.196045

0.037143 8.283379

0.037609 7.520991

0.033826 13.560463

0.033571 23.477506

0.057788 9.024899

0.039227 10.642025

0.039781 14.053459

0.065464 93.406272

0.033554 9.606085

0.044874 35.839824

0.0421 11.235372

0.049244 32.257855

0.048154 21.101664

0.032673 15.443433

0.045049 26.697535

0.06236 23.77351

9.847137

35.012151

0.063386 19.966398

0.035181 7.499603

0.059938 34.11762

0.033032 7.573685

0.034928 22.305176

0.036214 36.56833

0.038352 22.666608

0.036409 35.524019

0.041193 16.671188

0.051643 12.347596

0.039381 13.382787

0.036848 13.445823

0.046603 6.093612

0.04778 8.349612

0.03223 63.991641

0.032022 9.687315

8.470180.03379

0.049124 10.386768

0.041386 23.109126

0.273917

0.273246

0.209514

0.390885

0.182679

0.538918

0.144855

0.291027

0.168982

0.166701

0.126494

0.196148

0.126273

0.202859

0.152553

1.193332

0.249043

0.155639

0.223277

0.195357

0.271601

0.213585

0.38475

0.19577

0.15235

0.137684

0.719878

0.141431

0.163713

0.21315

0.157099

0.233828

0.645232

0.181998

0.129052

0.177074

0.184432

0.149531

0.207738

0.26628

0.125673

0.373284

0.137318

0.481649

0.267361

0.400626

0.259366

0.198974

0.168868

0.182243

0.189808

0.127472

0.370684

0.380134

0.184398

0.851497

0.140765

0.250076

0.180121

0.264301

0.213128

0.126543

0.295376

0.229788

0.202315

0.168486

0.364379

0.299389

0.227848

0.202315

0.25752

0.538769

0.15243

0.130721

0.264301

0.149817

0.148634

0.12964

0.157511

0.184398

0.259369

0.18701

0.172716

0.239458

0.182243

0.726928

0.161211

0.155185

0.139778

0.267361

0.187446

0.883648

0.205914

0.294504

0.26628

0.386669

0.169594

0.310413

0.200469

0.129052

0.414603

0.280905

0.333465

0.131623

0.21315

CITY IN CITY

THE URBAN ENGINE: CONNECTIVITY ANALYSIS

Minimum Possible Change

The Balanced City

The Consolidated City

2020

THE URBAN ENGINE: TRANSFORMATION

Waterway Wilderness & Forest Grassland Agricultural