Altered Metropolitan Yue Wu
Youtube link: https://youtu.be/nUYQYszrc4E
The Temporal City
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What is the City? What is time?
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What is the City? ‘Memory is redundant; it repeats signs so that the city can begin to exist.’ ‘Futures not achieved are only branches of the past: dead branches.’ – Italo Calvino, Invisible Cities The city is a combination of interdependencies and chemical chain reactions. It is never just a single object. More often than not, they are massive platforms. The city is a large scale perspective of interacting potentials. And it avoids formulaic repetition. It will be free to grow and interact each other. It is fragmentation; it is memory. It is a collection of human perceptions of the surrounding environment. It will have a high intensity of density. It will not be about imposing restrictions on details but instead expanding concepts. We are occupying more and more territory, but less and less of it is occupied. The city is a saturated assemblage spreading out into the countryside through a giant centralized town building.
Bijlmermeer Redevelopment (1985) OMA overlay another structure within it of natural systems, for example for other circulation systems, to in a way intervene into the existing structure, to put diversity into it and specificity
What is time? Time is the frame, as well as a vector. It is the measuring element to evaluate the outcome. When the essential parts of the city are designed, the rest grows naturally. Time is the most critical element in responding to the results. When there is no time, everything becomes a stable point. When time flows, points become lines. Countless lines combine to form masses and edges. When time exists, the results of butterfly effects and interactions from activities in the city become the predicted unknowns.
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Mining the City
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OFF-STREET CAR PARKS The number of off-street parking spaces recorded for each property from 2002 to 2019. Parking can be categorized as: - Commercial: parking in publicly accessible paid parking facilities - Residential: parking in residential buildings or properties - Private: Parking in a non-residential building for employees, customers or visitors The diagram above uses different colours to represent the categories of parking and show the trend yearly. We can see that private parking lots occupy the most, followed by commercial and finally residential. The distribution of parking lots is more concentrated in Melbourne central. Through mining the city, Melbourne central has a large amount of foot traffic compared to other areas. The connection with the existing parking spaces in terms of years shows that a lot of off-street car parking occupies 30% of the space in the city; however, the analysis of the foot traffic shows that it is not highly used.
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PEDESTRIAN ACTIVITY & OFF-STREET CAR PARKS The data pedestrian counts can be helpful to understand the different locations people are in at other times so that one can infer their activity. The main few areas are near several train stations within the CBD. The data is updated once a month and can be used to determine action on a day-by-day basis. Pedestrian counts can help me understand where people are at different times of the day to infer their activity.
In the above set of graphs, the different coloured lines represent the types of parking lots. The style of the previous image is continued. It shows the relationship between foot traffic and off-street parking lots in different years and the connection in a network way.
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FLOOR SPACE By analyzing the pedestrian flow and parking spaces, I decided to further understand the city from the perspective of spatial arrangement. So I started a more detailed investigation.
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Floor space by block connections - Commercial Types
Commercial Commercial Accommodation Office Community Use Equipment Installation
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Floor space by block connections - Entertainment Types
Entertainment Recreation Indoor Performances Conferences
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Floor space by block connections - Industrail Types
Industrial Manufacturing Storage Wholesale
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Floor space by block connections - Institutional Types
Institutional Educational Research Hospital Clinic Workshop Studio Transport
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Floor space by block connections - Residential Types
Residential Residential Apartment Institutional Accommodation Student Accommodation House Townhouse
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Floor space by use by block 2008-2018
The data shows floor space (in square metres) per city block, classified by their space use and small area allocation. We have explored it in more detail for better prediction. Blocks are divided into different proportions and colors depending on the type of space use.We show the alternating bars with different functional percentages of blocks in CBD from 2008 to 2018, and the colors represent different types of space. Youtube link: https://youtu.be/_Z8pztSk13E
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Commercial 2008-2018
The number of floor space by Commercial increased steadily from 2002 to 2010. It significantly increased in 2011 and 2012, and then decreased in 2013 to a smaller number in 2011.
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Entertainment 2008-2018
The number of floor space by entertainment has continued to increase. There is also not much variation between spatial relationships.
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Industrial 2008-2018
Manufacturing in industrial was approaching 1 million in 2002 and dropped since then, to just over 400K in 2019. The direction of the shift to the southern cross shows in the spatial relationship.
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Institutional 2008-2018
The number of institutional keeps growing and is at its peak in 2010, 2012, and 2018. The network shows a state that presents a uniform distribution.
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Floor space use network connections 2018
By exploring the diversity of functional connectivity in the CBD, it is possible to conclude that the most suitable functions for the priority roads are the ones with the highest connectivity and potential as shown in the figure - commercial, entertainment, residential.
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Block Study
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EXISTING BLOCK STUDY BLOCK N. 76 QV MELBOURNE/ QV1 MELBOURNE
Shopping centre in the City of Melbourne, Victoria Apartment building in the City of Melbourne, Victoria
Floor space by use by block from Open Melbourne Data 2019
Satellite view from Metromap 8/2021
BLOCK STUDY SATELITE VIEWS
Satellite view from Metromap 2001
Satellite view from Metromap 2006
Satellite view from Metromap 2009
Satellite view from Metromap 2014
Satellite view from Metromap 2015
Satellite view from Metromap 2016
Satellite view from Metromap 2017
Satellite view from Metromap 2018
Satellite view from Metromap 2019
Satellite view from Metromap 2020
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“A CITY IS NOT A TREE”
EXISTING BLOCK STUDY LEVEL 3
LEVEL 4 CENTRE MANAGEMENT
SECURITY OFFICE
QT017
SPACE NETWORK
JB L34
JB L30
222 LONSDALE STREET
LAGUNAORIENTAL SUPERMARKET
QT002
DOMAYNE
JB L01
222 LONSDALE STREET
QT001
HARVEY NORMAN
LEVEL 1
LEVEL 2 LITTLE LONSDALE STREET
1-017
1-005
176-178 LON
180 LONSDALE STREET
172-174 LON
LON192A
1-007
LON192B
1-071
1-073
1-069
1-001A 1-001
L180
LL213
LL197
LL243
LL251
LL185
RU277
QS013
RCL24
RCL18
QS009 RCL30
OFFICEWORKS
QS017
RCL16
QS011
JANE BELL LANE
RED CAPE LANE
SWN 292
RCL27
RCL23
QS025
QS003
QV SQUARE
RCL17
ART24
RU261 ART18
QS002
QS029
RUSSELL STREET
1-002
1-009
LL245
SW296
ART14 ART08
1-050
1-040
1-056
0-081
LO 290
228-234 LON
1-075
QUEEN VICTORIA WOMENS CENTRE
LO200
222 LONSDALE STREET
SHILLINGLANE
C
LO224
ACL21
LO236
LO250
ACL09
1-013
1-017A 1-065
ACL17 ACL13
LO241
SW280 QVA-01
1-036
ACL16
ACL20
ACL22-24
ACL28
ACL26
1-061 ACL12
ALBERT COATES LANE
ACL35
ACL31
ACL35A
SWANSTONSTREET
SW288
1-019
OFFICEWORKS
RCL20
1-008
DAN MURPHY’S
ART28
RU259
ARTEMIS LANE RUS251
1-020
1-057
1-023
RCL22
1-034
1-028
1-014
RCL26
1-025
1-051
SW280A
SWANSTONSTREET
1-027
1-031
RUSSELL STREET
1-047
1-052
1-029
1-041
1-043
1-045
LL243
LL245
RCL15
which is crippling our conceptions of the city.”
DOMAYNE
DOMAYNE
RCL35
“This enormously greater variety is an index of the great structural complexity a semilattice can have when compared with the structural of a tree. It is this lack of structural complexity, characteristic of trees,
JB L26
JANE BELL LANE
QV TERRACE
- Christopher Alexander, 1965. A city is not a tree. Architectural forum, 122, 58-62.
LL191
QT023/296
RUSSELL STREET
LITTLE LONSDALE STREET
LL249
222 LONSDALE STREET
QUEEN VICTORIA WOMENS CENTRE
ART31
ART25
180 LONSDALE STREET
ART07
LONSDALE STREET
UNDERCROFT BWS
K0002
K003
WOOLWORTHS
BIG W K0001
Tree Structures Semilattice (a) and Tree Structures (b)
PROPOSED SPACE NETWORK
Simple vs. Complex Organic vs. Artificial It reduces the distance between people, minimizes the
Tree structure spatial relationships from large to small, in which there is no interaction.
economic gap between rich and poor and creates a diversity of land use. It integrates them with nature. It allows for the combination of different businesses and increases
Semilattice's spatial relationships overlap each other. The social relations between people are also interlocking, and different sets are cross-linking.
human interaction and communication.
This complexity gives the city its diversity and dynamism, while modernism, with its strict functional zoning that creates a tree-like structure, stifles the city's possibilities. Semilattice
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“A CITY IS NOT A TREE“ By focusing on the spatial arrangement of the city in detail, I chose to further investigate the QV block due to its plurality. I found its day to week space use and foot traffic to be very monotonous, as shown in the diagram. This strict functional zoning of modernism creates tree structure, which reduces the city’s possibilities. Moreover, it isolates people from each other. To build more diversity in the city，the semilattice structure of spatial relationships from “the city is not a tree” is used to redefine the city. It’s an essay by Christopher Alexander. Using it as a source of inspiration, I wanted to allow people to mix spaces at different times of the day and break down barriers.
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Conflation, Interpretat
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tion & Amplification
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I use semilattice structure to explore how spaces can be arranged. From the data analysis, the problem of too much parking can be reoccupy through digital platforms in the next 10 to 50 years. Different kinds of spaces combine eight different block types. They form a mixture of work-based, entertainment-based, or accommodationbased hybrid buildings by allocating them in different proportions.
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Back to data, the current urban fabric and its connectivity can be analyzed from floor space by block. It can be used as a basis to extrapolate the future city. The proposed urban program shows the diversity of the current changes.
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Next, block alignment adheres to 5 rules. The first is the need for daylight in each building, from orientation to materials, to ensure that people have access to the maximum area of sunlight. The second is the overlapping use of space in conjunction with the semilattice structure, described above, mixing different regions. Creating exciting communities and making them more intriguing. The third is limiting building heights and better managing each neighbourhood. The fourth is to consider the different users - human and non-human, which requires the elimination of all distinctions between technology or nature and society. Finally, there is the sharing of resources. It enhances the overall intensive development and promotes more connections between people and their social relationships.
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Elasticity - 10, 20, 30 y
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year plan
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Time: 5
Time: 10
Time: 20
Time: 25
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Time: 15
Time: 30
Combine different kinds of spatial types according to the above permutations. Alignment and generation of DNA simulations for the whole CBD. Change and stacking in five-year increments. Next is how they are generated individually, and the location.
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ACCOMMODATION
time: 5
time: 20
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time: 15
time: 25
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COMMERCIAL
time: 5
time: 20
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COMMUNITY
time: 5
time: 20
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time: 15
time: 25
time: 30
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DIGITAL PLATFORMS AGENT: HUMAN
time: 5
time: 20
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time: 10
time: 15
time: 25
time: 30
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DIGITAL PLATFORMS AGENT: NON - HUMAN
time: 5
time: 20
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time: 15
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FOOD
time: 5
time: 20
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time: 15
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OFFICE
time: 5
time: 20
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RETAIL
time: 5
time: 20
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Proposition
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COMPONENT
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accommodation
commercial
digital platforms agent: non - human
food
community
digital platforms agent: human
office
retail
The use of different spaces is designed on a case-by-case basis. The different degrees of openness required for their spaces were considered to match the geometry, as well as going back to urban rules and considering how sunlight enters the different blocks.
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The building blocks assembled in different groups are missing their proportions and specific functionality. It does not reflect how the functions of my building are integrated and evolved. Youtube link: https://youtu.be/EDChOKVeBo8
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Return Brief
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CONFUSION 1. rules for the future growth of the city are quite disconnected 2. space, density and scale 3. sensor - deeper understanding per block 4. dichotomy- the static and the kinetic
SOLUTIONS 1. Go back to urban rules on how to use these rules to restrict the block after showing that some programs don’t need much direct sunlight. The location of the assigned blocks is also relevant.
2. The focus is on closed systems and open systems. Perhaps it is essential to be more open and less strict about these rules. I need to consider some matrices to discuss the density. Use area ratios to describe crucial scales.
3. Select one of the city’s blocks to focus on the design, and when the building of a specific function is brought to detail, it can become a new logic and then be placed in the whole city.
4. How my typology of architecture exists in a more detailed way and logically and how it regulates something specific. Show more details of the process as well as the logic.
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Actor-Network Theory (ANT) is based on the sociological tradition of its main proponent, Bruno Latour, who called non-human agents in networks the ‘missing masses’ in society. All elements in the network are equally mediated to each other, both human and non-human, and each element is able to completely transform the activities within the network. Intercoordination create a dense network of interdependencies - the more pervasive the network, the more self-reinforcing it becomes.
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1. generaliz
2. hybrid en
3. free asso
Embodied simulations of physical phenomena
zed symmetry
Actant
Actant
device
ntities
device
ociation
Actant human
Actant device
Actant device
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Space types
Semi-Open/Closed
Open
Community - Kinetic Retail - Static/ Kinetic
Commercial - Kinetic Food - Kinetic Greenery - Static
Space ratio
Semi-Open/Closed Retail - static/ kinetic
Open Greenery - static
Close
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Accommodation - static Dgitial Platforms by human - kinetic Mobile Office - kinetic
6m × 6m
Close Accommodation - Static
Dgitial Platforms by AI - Static Dgitial Platforms by human - Kinetic Mobile Office - Kinetic
Semi-Open/Closed
Semi-Open/Closed
Community - kinetic Retail - static/ kinetic
Community - kinetic
Open
Open
Commercial - kinetic Food - kinetic
Commercial - kinetic Food - kinetic
Close Accommodation - static Dgitial Platforms by human - kinetic Mobile Office - kinetic
Close
9m × 9m
Dgitial Platforms by AI - static Dgitial Platforms by human - kinetic
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Algorithm rules
Basic iteration 1 BASIC RULES - ITERATION 1
0
1
3
2
4
5
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time: 2
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Initial 0 1 2 3 4 5 Points become different agents with variety data
A
B
0
1
Basic iteration 3 BASIC RULES - ITERATION 3
3
2
4
5
C
Select points as the ones with kinetic data information 0 1 4 to ‘A’ ‘B’ ‘C’ Others become information containers as well as unbuilt structures 2 3 5 as well as 0 1 4
1 0
3
2
4
1
0
3
2
3
5
Simulate the path of data moving in point coordinates Shuffle the points to transfer ‘A’ ‘B’ ‘C’ successfully to the new place Measurement name determines new location
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A 0
Initial 0 1 2 3
Kinetic points 0 2
Processing sequence without collision
Set different directions for eac
and minimizing data loss
kinetic data point
ch
Basic iteration 2 BASIC RULES - ITERATION 2
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Basic iteration 4 BASIC RULES - ITERATION 4
1
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0
1
A
B
3
2
2
B
Setting conditions
Continue to division the space in different proportions
Execution if the target of each
Consider the proportion of space and the type of space
point ‘A’ ‘B’ is not consistent
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3D SUBDIVISION CITY PROTOTYPE Different proportions are assigned according to different functional and spatial needs, as well as kinetic or static to metaphorically represent the duality of human and non human. Next, another consideration is the use of time as a dimension. In this way, the structure of the architecture can be understood as a process that unfolds dynamically over time.
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3D SUBDIVISION CITY PROTOTYPE These begin with configurations that become part of the build environment. Throughout the process, the number of dimensions gradually increases, resulting in a design process that mechanically resembles evolution. Youtube link: https://youtu.be/oZSimieuiKw
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Spatial Exploration
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Retail
Office
Semi-open/ closed 3m/ 6m
Close 3m/ 6m/ 12m
Community
Accommodation
Semi-open/ closed 6m/ 12m
Close 3m/ 6m
Food
Commercial
Open 6m/ 12m
Open 6m/ 12m
Digital platforms by human
Digital platforms by AI
Close 3m/ 6m/ 12m
Closed 6m/ 12m
UPDATED COMPONENTS & COMBINATION Later on, I changed them to square blocks with different scales for better manipulation. Considering the space needed, I used simple geometry to create plugins that satisfy different conditions.
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UPDATED COMPONENTS & COMBINATION Based on the scale size and distribution relationship I decided before, I reset the matrix with three more holistic ones.
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INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS
open 01 12*12 m
close 01 12*12 m
semi-open 01 12*12 m
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open 02 9*9 m
open 03 3*3 m
close 02 9*9 m
close 03 3*3 m
semi-open 02 9*9 m
semi-open 03 3*3 m
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OPEN COMPONENTS & COMBINATION According to the previous analysis of different spatial types, open contains commercial, food and community. I chose the arch as a historical element to add to the geometry, in order to soften the overall feeling of the space. The commercial and food are the movable ones, while the community are the static ones.
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CLOSE COMPONENTS & COMBINATION Close contains accommodation, digital platforms and office. More orientation is considered and local historical elements are put into the geometry to increase the sense of connection. The accommodation and non－human occupy more space as static, while the office is movable.
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SEMI-OPEN COMPONENTS & COMBINATION Semi-open contains community, office and retail. Some of the products needed for the office space are considered, so the space has more linear shelf elements, where all components are dualistic, kinetic and static.
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THE SWANSTON STREET VIEW From the people point of view, we rise up and experience the spatial feeling of this proposal architecture. It combines different scales and blends various programs. Thus, highlighting the diversity and vitality of the city. Youtube link: https://youtu.be/nUYQYszrc4E
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PLAN
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SECTION
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The Temporal City Ian Nazareth | David Schwarzman RMIT Architecture Semester 2 2021 https://www.temporal.city/