謝明良《陶瓷手記：陶瓷史思索和操作的軌跡》(Notes on Ceramics) - 十七至十八世紀中國對歐洲貿易中的瓷器

౜஭͘੃ ౜஭Ϋ‫ޥ‬৶‫׶‬ፆү۞࢖ྫ

үāā۰Ĉᔁ‫ځ‬։ ઘᓁበᏭĈเ͛ࠠ ેҖበᏭĈᛂِࠠ ࡚ఙనࢍĈዑฮර ΍ ‫ ۍ‬۰ĈϮᐝ΍‫ۍ‬۵Њѣࢨ̳Φ ൴ Җ ˠĈᘀຕ̟ ۤāā‫ܜ‬Ĉౘୁᇇ ົࢍҖ߆ĈՂಱࠠ ൴Җ૞ࣶĈ߸ΐᐑ ൳ ੃ ᙋĈҖ߆ੰາჷԊԊ‫ۍ‬έຽфௐ4666ཱི гāāӬĈ106έΔξ̂щડ೶̼‫߱˟ྮݑ‬34ཱི9ሁ ࿪āāྖĈ02-27012775Ğ΃ܑཱིğ ็āāৌĈ02-27012252 ࿪̄‫ܫ‬ቐĈrockintl21@seed.net.tw შāāӬĈhttp://www.rock-publishing.com.tw ฎ߆ထᇥĈ1437912-5 Ϯᐝ΍‫ۍ‬۵Њѣࢨ̳Φ ᄦ‫ۍ‬О‫ה‬ĈᕃߦО‫ְה‬ຽ۵Њѣࢨ̳Φ ΍‫͟ۍ‬ഇĈ2008ѐ12͡ ‫ۍܐ‬ ‫ؠ‬āāᆊĈາέ။1600̮ ISBN 978-986-6660-04-7 ‫ۍ‬ᝋٙѣā̙଀ᖙО Copyright © 2008 by Rock Publishing International All Rights Reserved Address: 9F., No. 34, Section 2, Dunhua S. Rd., Da-an District, Taipei 106, Taiwan Tel: 886-2-27012775 Fax: 886-2-27012252 E-mail: rockintl21@seed.net.tw Website: www.rock-publishing.com.tw Price: N.T. 1600 Printed in Taiwan

ǵ ౄ‫ݭ‬ቔ.................................................................1 1-1

ੰᖟ‫׌‬ІѬቍ৽ႂ஬̈́࠹ᙯયᗟ........................................................3

1-2

಑ದᗔ੃.........................................................................................17

1-3

ᙯ‫ٺ‬Ϝದߋ஬..................................................................................33

1-4

ᙯ‫΃࣫ٺ‬ᗕᐷߠದ........................................................................... 53

1-5

ᙯ‫ٺ‬౦ԛದęଂೳэ࣫‫ݱ‬᏷Ӭ΍˿ּኘ੓........................................75

1-6

੃ϩᝃёದ..................................................................................... 87

1-7

࣫΃โ౜௦ᗔᙊ.............................................................................101

1-8

ரኘӵ҅ឫ....................................................................................113

Ƕ ৳࿹ԫ‫ڱ‬ቔ......................................................125 2-1

ரኘ၆ኅ৳................................................................................... 127

2-2 Ķ‫ؠ‬э‫܅‬஭ൟࡓϜķ‫ؠܧ‬ቍࡓ஭Ᏸ................................................... 143 2-3

ԇРэቍગ৽႒‫܅‬༦ᗔᙊ...............................................................151

2-4

‫ܛ‬ᅙ౐౜஭̈́‫׎‬ѣᙯયᗟ...............................................................161

2-5

ᙯ‫Ⳃٺ‬੪ྃ஭ఙ............................................................................ 177

2-6

੃˘І႔΃‫ܦ‬࿏ದ˯۞Ķ͇̿ဦķ.................................................191

Ƿ ᄂ៉΍˿෶‫ٽ‬౜஭ቔ........................................199 3-1

੃ሤᜋዌ‫ݱ‬᏷Ӭ΍˿۞੺ࡗӀΙᐁ࿏౜..........................................201

3-2

ሤᜋዌ‫ݱ‬᏷Ӭ΍˿۞ᇇ઼ៃ࿏œጡ.................................................211

3-3

ሤᜋዌ‫ݱ‬᏷Ӭ΍˿۞ለ߷˩˝͵ࡔœጡ..........................................221

3-4

ᙯ‫ٺ‬Ķ୻ࢶķದęଂᄂ៉൴னּኘ੓.............................................237

3-5

መസ൴ன۞˩˛͵ࡔ͟ώ۲݈‫܅ܦ‬஭............................................. 251

3-6

᏷঻дᄂ៉۞‫ֲݑڌ‬Ο౜஭ęଂೀૺҁ໰ͯኘ੓............................263

Ǹ ઼̚γዚ஭ᄃ஭ቍ҂Οቔ.................................285 4-1

˩˛Ҍ˩ˣ͵ࡔ઼̚၆ለ߷෶‫۞̚ٽ‬஭ጡ......................................287

4-2

ᙯ‫ٺ‬ٙᏜО‫؃‬Օ௺.........................................................................309

4-3 Į୻ளᐂį̚۞౜஭Ϋफ़................................................................ 323 4-4

‫ڌ‬ቍ̈੃....................................................................................... 333

4-5

᏶஭ϑ੃....................................................................................... 341

4-6

઼̚‫ܐ‬ഇ࿖࿏౜ጡາྤफ़............................................................... 351

ොᛖ..........................................................................................................359 ‫੃ޢ‬..........................................................................................................427

287

4-1 ˩˛Ҍ˩ˣ͵ࡔ ઼̚၆ለ߷෶‫۞̚ٽ‬஭ጡ ˩̱͵ࡔͽࢫĂ઼̚ᄃለ߷۞ঔ˯Ϲ఼႙ᔌ൴྿Ăᗕ͞۞Ϲ߹˵ດԛ૜̷Ąд࡚ఙ̍ ᘹ͞ࢬĂለ߷۞ဦ൪ăᜤ‫ۍ‬ఙͽ̈́‫΁׎‬ᘹఙ‫ݡ‬ౙᜈгజ̬௜‫઼ֽ̚ז‬Ăᖳಱ˞઼࡚̚ఙ۞ ̰ट֭ͷᆧ୹˞ధкள઼۞঎ႝĄ࠹၆гĂ઼̚஭ጡ˘གྷᏮˢለ߷˵ӈॡᛏ଀рෞĞဦ 1ğĄј३‫ٺ‬1610ѐ۞Įཬ෈Ͱͳ઼੃ࢗįಶഅ၆઼̚஭ጡ˭࿅˘൫៙ᄬĈĶ఺჌஭஬ߏ ˠࣇٙ൴‫۞ځ‬౵࡚ᚊ۞‫ڌ‬ҘĂ࠻੓ֽࢋͧٙѣ۞‫ܛ‬ăᅙٕͪ೿஬ౌՀࠎΞຑĄķ 1 ‫˞ז‬ ˩ˣ͵ࡔ‫ܐ‬Ăለ߷ˠࠤҌᔘ࠹‫઼̚ܫ‬஭ጡߏགྷ࿅Ѻѐ۞ःᖟᛃֈ̖Ԇј۞Ă1716ѐ۞ ņLŅ Embarras de la Foire de Beaucaire en vers BurlesquesŇĞĮBeaucairêξᓄරճྐįğ̝̚ ѣͽ˭ਠ۞ೡࢗĈĶ࠻఺࣎஭ጡĂԧజι۞࡚ᚊٙᄵೊĂᅿ஝ေᎧĄιֽҋາ۞͵ࠧ ČČιֽҋ઼̚Ăд̂гᛃֈѣ˞Ѻѐ̝˳Ąķ 2 Ϥ‫઼̚ٺ‬஭ጡ۞‫ו‬፬‫׶‬ለ߷ˠ᎕ໂ̙ᕝ۞Ӆ ˧Ăᇇ઼໯‫ܛ‬रΒРႬĞJ. F. B?ttgerğ௣‫ٺ‬д˩ ˣ͵ࡔ‫ٺܐ‬౪഑ĞMeissenğ፵ౄ΍ለ߷ௐ˘࣎ർ ஭Ğဦ2ğĂੵ˞ϼ፵઼̚‫آ‬Ꮈਮದ‫׶‬ᇇ̼ቍϨ஭ Ğဦ3ğĂ֭‫ٺ‬1725ѐҌ1740ѐ̂ณሀࢻ͟ώ۞ߕΠ ኎ ‫ ܝ‬஭ ጡ Ğ ဦ 4 ğĄ 3 Ꮵ ஶ Ğ A . R e i c h w e i n ğ അ ᄲ ࿅ĈĶ஭ጡΞෛࠎ઼ٙ̚ኲĂҌ‫઼̚ٺ‬൪‫ڱ‬ĂϺ ΞϤѩ᎚֍Ă‫ࠎפ‬ሀቑ஘Ąķ 4 ‫઼࡚̚זצ‬ఙᇆᜩ ۞ለ߷ࠃΞΞĞRococoğॡഇϡ஭ጡ྅࿹‫۞ވا‬ ࢲ‫إ‬Ăٕ‫ڱ‬ᜋᇇࠁĞFrandreğᐖ‫ۏ‬൪̚၆઼̚஭ ጡ۞ჟ͕ೡᘱĞဦ5ğĂ˵มତгᄲ‫઼̚˞ځ‬஭ጡజ ಈຑ۞඀‫ޘ‬Ą͛‫ځ‬෸࿅઼̢ࠧ࠹гᇆᜩăᏉЪĂ҃ ౜஭ጡдА͇˯ߊ‫׍‬ѣ̙‫ٽ‬᎐ໝ۞ᐹᕇĂЯѩ៍၅

ဦ1

౜஭෶‫ٽ‬ᑕྍ˵ѣӄ‫ٺ‬நྋ̚Ҙ̝̼͛Ϲ߹Ą

͇஧ᆇ۞‫ે܅ܦ‬ದ ˩̱͵ࡔ݈ഇ

൪ѣཬ෈Ͱ઼ͳ੺ӅऄႬ˘͵Ğ1495ů1521ğ

288

ဦ2 ໽৳‫ܜ‬ᐚ஬

ဦ3 ਮದ

Ğνğ઼̚૵ႧഈĞ1662ů1722ğ

Ğ˯ğᇇ઼౪഑஭ᇄĞ1710ů1712ğ

ĞΠğᇇ઼౪഑Ğ1725ğ

Ğ˭ğ઼̚ᇇ̼ቍĞ1661ů1772ğ

ᇇ઼ᇇઙ೻൳઼ϲ࡚ఙᐡ ĞDie Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresdenğᖟ

ᇇ઼ᇇઙ೻൳઼ϲ࡚ఙᐡ ĞDie Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresdenğᖟ

ဦ4 ߕΠ኎‫ܝ‬ᇹёˣ͞Ⴤ Ğνğᇇ઼౪഑஭ᇄĞ1725ů1727ğ ĞΠğ͟ώѣϣ፵Ğ˩˛͵ࡔ‫ޢ‬ഇğ ᇇ઼ᇇઙ೻൳઼ϲ࡚ఙᐡ ĞDie Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresdenğᖟ

ဦ5 ĮStill Life with Cheeseį Ğ1615ů1620ğ ఈᜋ‫ؒܠ‬೻প઼̜ϲ࡚ఙᐡ ĞRijksmuseum, Amsterdamğᖟ

4-1

˘ă઼̚஭ጡ۞Ꮾ΍ ઼̚ѝдˬ˼кѐ݈થ΃̚ഇ̏གྷ΍னࡩኳᅲࠎቜ૜੼໢œ፵҃ј۞੼໢ѷ࿏œጡĂ ‫ڌ˞ז‬႔ॡഇĂдকѯ࠷˘૲Հ፵ౄ΍ࡩ࿏ָ࣌۞‫ܦ‬࿏ጡĄ౜஭۞γ็ĂፂᄲОκΐ֧ત ̜ĞKalimantanğഅ൴ன႔΃౜ჄĂ༱̜ĞBantamğ൴ன࿅႔΃౜஬ć 5 ੺ֽΗफඈг˵ ൴ன࿅ᛳ‫ٺ‬႔΃۞౜஭ᇾώĂ 6 ΞଓϏѣϒё۞҂Ο൴ଧ੃ᐂĂྎଐ̙‫ځ‬Ą̙࿅ĂഈᔿΗफ ‫ݑ୻م‬྽͈͇ࣧ੤ඈг҂Ο᏷Ӭ΍˿ѣ̱ഈ‫ܦ‬஭ᗗᐝದăα҅ឫඈ͛‫ۏ‬Ă 7 ‫઼̚ߏ݋‬౜஭γ ็۞ቁ̷҂ΟּᙋĄ ࣫΃‫ڌ‬ҘϹ߹ᐛᓄĂ઼̚౜஭ጡ˵‫ז‬྿͟ώăᔹ઼ٕහ‫ޠ‬ᄼăОκඈ‫ֲݑڌ‬ኜ઼Ăࠤ ҌᅈዚҌ‫ثڌ߷ܧ‬෼ᗓ઼̚˘༱̣˼̳֧ͽ˯ঔྮ۞ऄ̈́჊೻๰প‫ݱ‬ĞFustatğඈ᏷ӬĄ ͽ჊೻๰প‫ݱ‬᏷ӬֽᄲĂ࣫΃۞஭ቍт෸ቍր‫ܦ‬஭ăΔ͞۞Ϩ஭Ă΍ன۞ᇴณߊкĂ‫ݡ‬ኳ ˵ჟ։Ą 8 ొ̶஭ቍΞਕ̏ତ‫ࢎצ‬ᄦĂ‫گ‬೻៉ҘΔ‫ث‬Ҙ͈ٛĞSirafğ᏷Ӭ̚۞ᛳ‫ࡔ͵˝ٺ‬ ݈Η̼͛ᆸ̰΍˿۞ౚ‫ܠג‬ٛұ͛ф઼̚ᄦነ࿏α҅ದӈࠎ˘ּĄ 9 1990ѐ΃Оκঔાχ ᇢ˯‫۞ث‬Ͽ६ᚱBatu HitamĞโϮཱིğՕ௺ٙ྅ྶ۞ᇴ༱І࣫΃౜஭Ă˵ᄲ‫΃࣫˞ځ‬γዚ ౜஭۞஽‫ڶ‬Ą 10 ԇ΃۞஭ຽ̙ኢдԫఙ˯ٕቍ۞ၹ᎝ăጡ‫۞ۏ‬ౄ‫ݭ‬ă࿏ҒඈЧ͞ࢬౌѣٙјಶĄᐌ඾ ౄ௺ຽ۞൴ण૲ֽฟᔮ۞ঔγξಞĂΔԇॡА‫ٺޢ‬ᇃэă‫ډ‬эă‫ځ‬эăߵэనϲξ௹ΦĂ ೠგ၆γ෶‫ٽ‬Ăܳซ౜஭γዚĄ‫ݑ‬ԇॡՀခᐽঔγ෶‫ٽ‬Ăᔇ‫פ‬γ๗ͽࠎ઼ϡĂγዚ஭ጡј ࠎ઼ऱ۞ࢦࢋੑ໚̝˘Ą༊ॡࠤҌఢ‫˲ؠ‬ᔉ෴γఱĂதͽང‫ش‬ც஭ጡࠎ΃ᆊĂ̙ϡ‫ܛ‬ᅙᅚ ᏿ĄдϔมĂԇˠѦẬĞࡗ‫ٺל‬1148݈‫ޢ‬ğᇤĮබ߷ΞኘįᄲᇃˠĶಱ۰ࢷॡহᖕă ‫ش‬ă౜ఱĂΐ‫ۡ׎‬ᄃՐๅ۰ࢍिңಀࢺⰤķĂ஭ጡౣјࠎӨ᎕‫ا‬؈۞ఱ‫ۏ‬ĄፂԇˠᅀѬ ‵Ğ1170ů1228ğĮኜᏀԠį˘३۞੃ྶĂ༊ॡҋ‫ֲڌ‬Ҍ‫߷ܧ‬Ă̏གྷѣ˩઼̱࣎छᔉ෴̚ ઼஭ጡĂ౜஭෶‫̝ٽ‬஽Ξຐ҃ۢĄ ̮΃஭ຽૄώٚ᝚ԇ΃Ăҭдᇴณ˯˫ѣٙฟणĄ঍‫ؠ‬ѐมĞ1324ů1328ğ೩ᅳͤ௲ ኝϔቍâॡϔቍჍ஽Ąј३‫ٺ‬ԇ̮̝ม۞ቼࡆĮ౜੃įᄲഀᇇᗉ༊ॡ஭ቍѣˬѺळ̝кĂ ֭ͷĶቍͫߊ໏Ăથ‫פۋ‬઴ķĄ̮΃ഀᇇᗉٙ፵ᄦ۞ࠡෳ‫܅ܦ‬஭ጡĂ‫ٺ‬ऄ̈́჊೻๰প‫ݱ‬᏷ Ӭಶ൴னѣᇴѺͯć˿҅‫׎‬Ͽ೻‫؃‬ಢĞIstanbulğ৚‫ܝ‬झ౾‫ۏ‬ᐡĞTop Kapu Sarayi M œzesiğ ‫׶‬Ͽ६ҘΔొ‫଀ܠ‬லႬីᇁĞArdebil ShrineğҌ̫˵ᔘќᖟ඾གྷϤ෶‫ྻ҃ٽ‬྿۞̮΃‫܅ܦ‬ ஭็͵‫ݡ‬ĄѩγĂ‫̙͌͞ݑ‬஭ቍ۞ய‫˵ݡ‬ҖዚҌ‫ڌ̚׶ֲݑڌ‬ĂࠤҌྻዚ‫ז‬ᇝࠃ࣯Ąᙱَ

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ॠҖछ੺Ξ‫گ‬ᘲĞMarco PoloĂ1254ů1324ğࢋមရ̮ഈ஭ጡĶγዚ‫ז‬Б͵ࠧķĄ 11 ‫ܐځ‬јয়ϖሄˬѐĞ1405ğؕҌ‫ކ؟ކ‬ᇇˣѐĞ1433ğĂዑ‫׶‬Ğ1371ů1433ğதᅳ̂ ఢሀᚻฤ˛Ѩ΍ֹҘ߶Ğ̫‫̈́߶ݑ‬О‫߶ޘ‬ğĂ֖ྫٙҌĂซҖĶ੒ኲّķ‫ۏۏ‬Ϲೱ۞෶‫ٽ‬ ߿જĄᐌҖˠࣶ੺ᝌٙ඾Įᘎ୾౼ᜓįĞј३‫ٺ‬1451ѐğୃࢗͬ‫ݝ‬Ķ઼ˠ౵ಈ઼̚‫܅ܦ‬஭ ጡĂ֭᜺ࢶăዚ‫∂ܛ‬කĂ‫݋‬ϡᅚ᏿෴‫ٽ‬ķĂ֭೩‫ז‬Κ‫ݱ‬Ğ̫О‫֤͚ޘ‬Ηफğ၆Ķ઼̚‫ܦ‬ ஭༦ሹඈ‫ݡ‬ķᔨຑѣΐĂဘͽ‫̝ٽܛ‬ĄΩ˘ᐌҖˠࣶ෱‫۞ܫ‬Įߐ⣟౼ᜓįĞј३‫ٺ‬1436ѐğ ˵ѣĶ‫ܦ‬༦ķăĶ‫ܦ‬Ϩ‫܅‬஭ጡķඈк჌஭ጡϡֽ‫׶‬γ઼Ϲ‫ྶ੃۞ٽ‬Ąዑ‫̶ొ׶‬ᚻฤࠤҌགྷ Ϥ‫ܠ‬ٛұ‫ثݑ‬ซˢ‫ثڻܧڌ‬Ă᏷঻˭̂ณ҃ჟ࡚۞஭ጡĄ 12 ଂͽ˯۞ୃࢗ̂࡭Ξͽۢ྽Ă઼̚஭ጡ۞၆γ෶‫ٽ‬Ăҋ࣫ԇͽֽ̏གྷ൴णјሢĂ֭ͷ ޺ᜈ̙඗Ăܶዑ‫׶‬΍ֹҘ߶Ăঔྻ̂ฟĂ஭ጡ෶‫ٽ‬Հ଀‫ז‬ซ˘Վ۞ଯᇃĄ࠹ԛ̝˭Ăдለ ߷ۡତξಞ۞ฟ٤‫୎ྵ݋‬ćࡻ઼҂Οጯछᘃপ੥೻ͩĞWhite Houseğᔵഅ‫ٺ‬ཌྷ̂ӀΗफ ֧͐ᎩĞBaliğ۞ጆҘٛĞLucerağΟ‫ݱ‬᏷Ӭ൴ன˩˟͵ࡔ઼̚ᐷߵቍ‫ܦ‬஭ണͯĂ͟ώˬ ˯Ѩշ˵‫ݑٺ‬Ҙ঱Ͱ‫ܠ‬ጆ࡚κֲĞAlmeriağ۞‫ܠ‬ጆΙ͐ՒĞAlcazabağ‫ݱ‬Ӭ΍˿᏷‫ۏ‬ ̚ĂᏐீ࠻‫ז‬ѣ˩Ҍ˩˟͵ࡔ۞઼̚Ϩ஭ണͯણᗔ‫̚׎‬Ă 13 ҭ˘ਠᄮࠎ˯઼ࢗ̚஭ጡٕϤ Ͽ೻ᜋаିवĂٕϤ‫ރ‬κ೻‫׶‬ሤֲ֤۞થˠᔒᖼమྻ‫ז‬྿۞Ą ˩̣͵ࡔϐĂϤ‫ٺ‬ለ߷ྤώ͹ཌྷ۞൴णާᅮವԱঔγ۞തϔξಞͽ႕֖ለ߷થˠವՐ เ‫࡚۞ܛ‬ေĂΩ˘͞ࢬ˵Ϥ‫׎҅˿ٺ‬ˠд1453ѐԽҫӖ̀‫˚؃‬ಢ‫ޢ‬Ăለ߷ኜ઼఼࿅г̚ঔ ۞‫͞ڌ‬෶‫ྮٽ‬ቢዎ‫ܡצ‬ᘣĂЯѩᎸ੓˞Ч჌ᅈਝଣᐍሤሗĄ1488ѐֲ࢚̀ĞBartholmeu Diasğ൴னр୕֎ĞCape of Good HopeğĂ1497ѐϞ೻࣯ą྿ąҧ੺ĞVasco da Gamağ ᖒ࿅р୕֎Ă௩ѐፖᕝО‫ז߶ޘ‬྿О‫ޘ‬Ă఼‫͞ڌـ‬າਝቢ۞Ӏϡ̖ࠎ઼̚౜஭Ꮾˢለ߷ಧ ‫ૄؠ‬ᖂĄ1515ѐཬ෈ͰˠֲႬ൴҅ĞAlverzağࢵА‫ٺ‬ᇃэ۞͏‫ܝ‬൳ౙĂѨѐ˟֓͡Ⴌ֤ ለᇇĆщ྿ᇇĞBernaode AndradeğଂО‫ܠڍޘ‬ĞGoağྶྻࢶफ़‫ٺ‬1517ѐ‫ז‬྿ᇃэĂ֭ ࢋՐ‫ځ‬ഈ߆‫఼̟ࣞع‬થĄ༊ॡཬ෈ͰᔵϏਕᄃ઼̚ഈԗ‫ޙ‬ϲϒё۞થચᙯܼĂ‫ݒ‬дকѯă ჊‫ڻޙ‬ঔ˘૲Ӏϡ֕ռ҃ᒔ଀઼̙͌̚‫ۏ‬யĄ҃ѝ‫ځٺ‬ϒᇇ˝ѐĞ1514ğĂཬ෈Ͱˠ‫߿ܮ‬ ᜙‫ڻٺ‬ঔ˘૲ĂĶ࠰଀΍઴‫׎‬ఱĂᒔ̂Ӏ҃ᕩķć࠹၆гĂ઼̚થˠϺঘ̂ঔ៉Ăྶྻ ᜺ࢶă̂เăࠡ঴ăᐁă஭ጡăϠක̈́Ч჌ৱᖐ‫ݡ‬Ҍ႕‫ו‬ΐĞӈ౫̱ϥĂMalakağᄃཬ෈ Ͱˠ෶‫ٽ‬Ą 14

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˟ăఈᜋ‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬Φ̈́Ч઼‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬Φᓝּ ˩̱͵ࡔፂѣঔ˯ᜦᝋ۞ཬ෈Ͱ‫׶‬Ҙ঱ͰĂА‫ޢ‬Ӏϡд‫ޙ͞ڌ‬ϲ۞തϔξಞĂᒉྻమ ኱ࣘଟဳᒔ଀ᇷӀĄ1511ѐĂཬ෈Ͱˠˢ‫ܬ‬༊ॡ੺ֽΗफ‫۞ొݑ‬႕‫ו‬ΐઇࠎ၆‫͞ڌ‬གྷர۞ ෶‫ૄٽ‬гĂͷ‫ٺ‬1540ѐ̺ඕથˠᄃ࣓૗дকѯှ‫۞گ‬ᗕᑎപ‫ޙ‬ϲፂᕇĂᄃ઼̚‫ڻ‬ঔ‫ا‬ϔซ Җ̂ఢሀ۞֕ռ෶‫ٽ‬Ăొ̶஭ጡЯѩ଀ͽᖼమለ߷Ą҃ሹፂහ‫ޠ‬ᄼཏफ۞Ҙ঱Ͱ‫੺ͽ݋‬κ ٛĞManilağࠎ͕̚Ăགྷ૱‫ז׶‬྿༊г۞઼̚થ௺ซҖϹ‫ٽ‬Ă֭ͷፖഭ͉π߶૟઼̚஭ጡ ྻዚ‫ז‬ግҘ࣯ć 15ొ̶஭ጡࠤҌፖഭ̂Ҙ߶ྻ‫ٯ‬Ҙ঱ͰĄ 16 1602ѐĂఈᜋˠͽ̱Ѻ̱˩༱ૄႬᇇĞguilderğ۞ᘀ̂ྤ‫ܛ‬నϲ˞‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬ΦĂιߏ ͵ࠧ˯ௐ˘࣎ѣԆ౯෶‫ٽ‬ր௚۞௚˘௡ᖐĂ่̙Ξͽጾѣї኎࢕Ă‫ޙ‬ϲಢᕑĂᔘᅳѣ΃ܑ ߆‫ކع‬ጼăኘ‫׶‬Ă̈́д‫׎‬ٙᛳгડ࿴ο‫̈́΄ڱ‬ᝤౄఱ။ඈᝋӀĄТѐĂఈᜋၟᒔ˘Ꮉྶྻ ѣ઼̚஭ጡ۞ཬ෈Ͱથ௺San DiegoĞཐгͰཱི࣯ğĂ௺ྶ۞஭ጡజྻ‫ז‬Ѽᇇ‫࣯س‬ĞMiddle Burgğ༊ி‫ٮ‬኱ć‫ٺ˫ޢ׎‬1604ѐ᚜ၟ˘ᎹϤ઼̚႕ྶఱ‫ۏ‬ᕩ඀౉̚۞ཬ෈Ͱથ௺ CatharinaĞ౶௻൞ऌཱིğĂӃᒔ۞઼̚஭ጡѣ̱˩ጟĂБొࠎ‫ځ‬༱ፌॡഇĞ1573ů1620ğ ۞‫܅ܦ‬஭ጡĞဦ6ğĄ 17 ఺Բ஭ጡགྷఈᜋ௺੸ྻ‫ؒܠٯ‬೻প̜ĞAmsterdamğ‫ޢ‬Ăለ߷Чг થమำะĂϤෳ୉ࣇதАᅳጱ۞၆઼̚஭ጡಈຑ۞ሤሗϺ೼࿆ᕖ̂Ą҃ఈᜋˠགྷ࿅ೀѨଟ ဳమ኱଀‫ݓז‬Ӏ‫ޢ‬ĂϺශ൴Ӏϡ‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬Φ̂˧གྷᒉ઼̚஭ጡᏮ‫ـ‬ለ߷۞ՙ͕Ąԧࣇଂ̳

ဦ6 ઼̚‫܅ܦ‬஭ ˩˛͵ࡔ ఈᜋ‫ؒܠ‬೻প̜΍˿

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Φјϲ̝‫ޢ‬ĂϤఈᜋώ઼Ш‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬Φᓁ༛˭྿۞ௐ˘྽޽ϯ΄ӈߏ๊ܳĶᔉ෴઼̚஭ ጡķ˘ְ࠻ֽĂྻᏮ઼̚౜஭۞ְຽ၆‫ٺ‬ఈᜋˠቁߏѣం̂۞ӛ͔˧Ąѩ‫ྻޢ‬ዚለ߷۞̚ ઼஭ጡᇴณҌ1695ѐͤĂѐѐ፬ᆧĂдለ߷ଷ੓ੱ​ੱຬᔉ੼ሗĄ 18 ѝഇఈᜋ‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬Φͽ༱̜‫׶‬Δ̂πĞPataniğࠎ෶‫ૄٽ‬гĂҭ̙˳ӈᖼொ‫͐ז‬྿ჯ ֲĞBataviağĄ1624ѐ˫дᄂ៉۞֔बనϲፂᕇĂགྷϤĮሤᜋዌ‫͟ݱ‬ᄫįăĮ͐྿ჯֲ‫ݱ‬ ͟ᄫįٕ᏷঻дఈᜋ۞͛३ᑫ९ΞۢĂᄂ៉дఈ̚౜஭෶‫̚ٽ‬അԷႊ˞ᖼྻ৭۞֎ҒĄֶ ፂT. VolkerĮ஭ጡᄃఈᜋ‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬ΦįٙྶĂҋ1624ѐҌ1657ѐགྷϤᄂ៉ăመസᖼਖ਼Ҍ͐ ྿ჯֲዚ‫ـ‬ለ߷۞઼̚౜஭ᓁᇴ‫ˬࡗܕ‬Ѻ༱ІĄΩ˘͞ࢬĂҋଂ1610ѐఈˠྶྻ˝˼˟Ѻ ˟˩˛І஭ጡа‫ז‬ఈᜋĂҌ1612ѐᆧΐ‫ˬז‬༱ˣ˼̱Ѻα˩˘ІĂ1614ѐՀᆧΐ‫̱ז‬༱˝ ˼࿬̣˩˛ІĂ˫ѣᆊࣃࡗ̱༱‫̣˼׌‬Ѻτᘲ‫ڒ‬ĞflorinğăࡗЪˬ˩̣༱І۞஭ጡ˵ྻਖ਼ ‫ז‬ఈᜋĄ‫׎‬ѨĂҌ1615ѐѣ˟༱α˼࣎ࢍࣃα˼˟Ѻ̣˩τᘲ‫ڒ‬Ăͽ̈́1616ѐѣα༱˟˼ ࣎ࢍࣃ‫׌‬༱̣˼τᘲ‫̂۞ڒ‬Բ஭ጡ˵ྻ‫ٯ‬ఈᜋώ઼Ą҃ፂ͐྿ჯֲගఈᜋ̳Φ۞͛३Ăд 1636ѐྶྻаఈᜋ۞஭ጡѣ˟˩̣༱˝˼ˬѺˣ˩ІĂТѐ࿺‫ـ‬౫̱ϥ۞Ꮪ‫ރ‬؈ཱི ĞNorwichğ௺‫ܜ‬ऱࠢ‫˩˟͡˛ٺ‬ˣ͟ಡӘ͐྿ჯֲᄲĂԣཟᖠཱིٛؒ‫׶‬྿તཱི‫֟ٺ‬ទᕩฤ ॡдೆқĞPahangĂ̫ᛳ੺ֽҘֲğԽ‫̈́௺ঁˬ੸̱פ‬ฟ࢒౫̱ϥ۞Ҙ঱Ͱ௺‫׶‬Ϥ፫‫ֽܝ‬ ۞઼̚થ௺ĂВ଀஭‫ړ‬ ˩༱࿬˛Ѻˬ˩ІĂ஭ ሹ˘༱࿬αѺ࣎Ăᕺ̣ ˩˘࣎Ąྻዚለ߷۞̚ ઼஭ጡ۞჌ᙷࠤкĂፂ 1620ѐఈᜋ‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬Φ ࢋՐϤ઼̚Ꮾˢ۞஭ጡ ѣĈஎͱ‫ڵ‬Ⴤă୺ͱ‫ڵ‬ Ⴤă̂‫ڍ‬ሹă̈‫ڍ‬ሹă ̂‫ړ‬ă̈‫ړ‬ă̂‫ݭ‬Ⴤă ̚‫ݭ‬Ⴤă̈‫ݭ‬Ⴤă̂ ༦ă̈༦ăਮሹăᐠჄ ඈЧ჌ጡԛĞဦ7ğĄ ဦ7 Diana CargoĞ1817ğχᇢ˯‫઼̚۞ث‬ᄦϨ஭ᐠ‫׍‬௡Ъ

Ϥ‫઼̚ٺ‬஭ጡ‫זצ‬

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ለ߷ˠ۞೼࿆ᝌ‫ܓ‬Ăથమࣇ˵གྷ૱Яྶమ஭ጡѸ଀λ̂ӀማĂ҃ৠ৪۞‫઼͞ڌ‬ęęĶநຐ ̚۞เ‫઼ܛ‬ķęę઼̚ĂՀߏለ߷ˠ‫ݬ‬ୱ۞ᕷ‫ۏ‬Ąఈᜋ၆઼̚஭ጡ۞మྻᐹ๕޺ᜈҌ˩˛ ͵ࡔϐĂ႙ࠎࡻ઼ٙ‫΃פ‬Ăለ߷۞஭ጡ෶‫ٽ‬ξಞϺϤ‫ؒܠ‬೻প̜ொҌ‫۞ొݑ઼ڱ‬થຽ͕̚ ‫ݑ‬পĞNantesğĄࡻ઼ѝ‫ٺ‬1600ѐјϲ˞Ķࣖ೶થˠ၆‫ڌ‬О‫ޘ‬෶‫̳ٽ‬ΦķĂҭд఺̝݈ Ğ1578ğĂࡻˠᇇ௢ҹĞDrakeğಶഅдПг੺ٛঔ‫ث‬ଟӃ˘Ꮉ႕ྶ઼̚කᖐ‫ݡ‬ᄃ઼̚஭ጡ ۞Ҙ঱Ͱ௺੸Ă 19 1637ѐ౶௻൞ཱིྶྻ̣˩ˬΒ஭ጡྻ‫ـ‬ለ߷Ă1640ѐ݈‫ޢ‬Ăͷд‫گ‬೻៉ ᐝ۞੒ο६ĞGombroomğనཉ෶‫ٽ‬৭Ă઼̚஭ጡϺϤѩᏮˢࡻ઼Ăࡻˠ˘ਠჍࠎ੒ο६ ఱĞGombroomwareğĄ 20 ൒҃Ăۡ‫ז‬1700ѐࡻ઼௺੸ซˢᇃ‫ڌ‬྅ྶਮ‫׶‬஭ጡᛸаώ઼Ă̖ ߏ̚ࡻ‫઼׌‬ϒё۞஭ጡ෶‫۞ٽ‬ฟბĄ఺่྆ᅮᓝ΍ࡶ̒၁ּĂಶΞ᎚ۢ‫׎‬෶‫ٽ‬ᇴณ࠹༊̙ ͌ĂּтĈ1701ѐϤࡻ઼௺௹ྶྻа઼۞஭ጡѣ˩༱Іć1717ѐ‫݋‬ᆧΐ‫˩ˬז‬༱࿬̣˼ Іć1720ѐѣ˘Ѻ˘˩˟ቐΩ̣ѺΒć1723ѐѣαѺˣ˩̣ቐĂ1724ѐѣ˘Ѻ̣˩ቐ஭ጡ జྻ‫઼ࡻـ‬ć҃1734ѐ۞෶‫ٽ‬ᓁᗝࢍ྿˟Ѻα˩ቐ˟˩α༱ІĄ ઼̚ഈԗ၆‫ٺ‬஭ጡ෶‫۞ٽ‬λ̂Ӏማͽ̈́ࡻ઼ˠ၆‫ٺ‬ਮٕ஭ጡ۞ᅮՐϺ̝ۢࠤሢĂ઀ษ ̣˩ˣѐĞ1793ğᄃࡻͳୄᏞ̚അҋ̂۞೩‫ז‬ĈĶ͇ഈ‫ۏ‬யᖳಱĂ൑̙ٙѣĂ̙ࣧᖣγ лఱ‫఼ͽۏ‬ѣ൑ĂপЯ͇ഈٙயਮཧă஭ጡăකࢌࠎҘ߶Ӵ઼́Ⴌ઼υᅮ̝‫ۏ‬Ăߏͽ ΐाវ޳Ăд፫‫ܝ‬ฟన߶ҖĂࣕ଀͟ϡѣྤ֭‫ڭ‬ዶማķĂ 21 дѩ݈˘ѐĞ1792ğĂ઀ษ࠱ ‫ޓ‬Ϻග̟ᛸᖃֽΔִణય۞ࡻ઼ϒઘֹ̈́ဥࣶధк‫ݡۏ‬Ă‫̚׎‬Β߁஭ጡαѺкІĄᐌ඾ࡻ ઼฼ਮࢲ‫߹۞إ‬ҖĂ̚ࡻ஭ጡ෶‫זۡٽ‬1774ѐĮࣖ೶޽‫ݑ‬į̚Ăᔘࡔᐂ඾༊ॡࣖ೶Ҍ͌‫ا‬ ҝѣ̣˩˟࣎૞‫ܝ‬఍நΒ߁઼̚஭ጡд̰۞జჍࠎĶරˠķ۞‫͞ڌ‬ఱ‫ۏ‬થĂ҃఺ֱĶරˠķ ‫׎‬၁ߏ൘͉ˠ‫׶‬ఈᜋˠĄ 22 Ӏৈ۞ᜭֹĂለ߷Ч઼ᚶఈᜋăࡻ઼̝‫ޢ‬Ă‫ࡔ͵˛˩ٺ઼ڱ‬Ϥࢵ࠹੺ϑᜋĞCardinal Giulio Mazarinğඉထјϲ઼̳̚ΦĂଂ1698ѐௐ˘Ꮉથ௺‫ٯ‬྿઼̚ྶఱа઼‫ז‬1797ѐࠎ ͤĂዚ઴Ҍ‫۞઼ڱ‬஭ጡҌ͌ѣ‫׌‬Ѻк༱ІĄ1722ѐ༄‫ٺ׏‬ఈᜋనϲͳϲ‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬Φ‫ޢ‬ĂЍ ߏд˩ˣ͵ࡔ݈Η۞˩ѐมĂᏮˢ༄‫۞׏‬஭ጡಶѣ˩༱ІĂ‫ͽ̚׎‬পҾࢎᄦ۞஭ጡ‫܅ܦ׶‬ ஭ጡᇴณ౵кĄ҃д1750ѐҌ1775ѐ̝มĂᏮˢ‫׎‬ᓁᇴณ੼྿˘˼˘Ѻ༱ІĄ 23 ѩγĂ̜౪‫ܐࡔ͵˛˩ٺ‬ഇ˵నϲ˞၆‫͞ڌ‬෶‫ܠ۞ٽ‬Ⴌћ֤ĞAltonağົۤĂથ௺‫ٺ‬ 1731ѐࢵѨซˢᇃ‫ޢڌ‬ĂՏѐࡗჯ޺ѣ˟ᎹҌˬᎹથ௺۞෶‫ٽ‬Ăซ΍઼̚ྶྻ஭ጡ֭ၹ᎝ ࣗऱĄଂIJܑ˘ijٙЕд1760ѐ۞˘ѨШ઼̚۞ࢎఱಏ̚ĂΞͽ࠻΍‫่̙׎‬ᇴณкĂ჌ᙷ ёᇹ˵‫ޝ‬ᖳಱĄ 24

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ˬăለ߷۞઼̚஭ጡќᖟ̈́‫఼߹׎‬ ˩˛͵ࡔ‫ܐ‬Ăఈᜋˠ૟ၟᒔҋཬ෈Ͱ௺ᚻ˯۞̂ ณ઼̚஭ጡྻ‫ؒܠـ‬೻প̜‫ٮ‬኱‫ޢ‬Ăለ߷ˠ̖ྵБࢬ г˞ྋ઼̚஭ጡĂ֭ͷ༊ઇ෪ᇈੑಱăॡᅽ۞̍ᘹ‫ݡ‬ ΐͽќᖟĄ఺˘Ѩ۞‫ٮ‬኱஽ົֹ଀ለ߷઼̙͌छ۞થ మำะĂ‫࠱ڱ‬қӀα͵෴˞˘इჟ࡚۞ᐠ‫׍‬ćࡻͳྜ ؒ̀˘͵˵෴‫ז‬ჟቜ۞઼̚ጡϪĄд఺̝݈Ăт˩̱ ͵ࡔॡഅϤཬ෈ͰˠШ઼̚ࢎᄦ۞൪৳ౢ૲ཬ෈Ͱ͛ фഠ۞஭ጡĞဦ8ă9ğĂ 25 ٕ‫ٺ‬1501Ҍ1517ѐдО‫ޘ‬ᛂ ٛĞSuratğăΙӀΙপĞCalicutğă‫̜͐߶ݑ‬ĞPatani Pataneğќᔉ઼̚౜஭ྻ‫ـ‬ለ߷Ă൒҃ᇴณྵ̈Ą 26 ࣃ ଀˘೩۞ߏĂүࠎ፫‫ܝ‬ϒёฟૂ̝݈ཬ෈Ͱˠд઼̚ ۞ࢦࢋ෶‫ٽ‬ፂᕇᇃ‫̌˯ڌ‬फĂ˵΍˿˞ᘱѣཬ෈Ͱ઼ ᑔ۞ഀᇇᗉ˩̱͵ࡔ݈ഇ‫ે܅ܦ‬஬Ğဦ10ğĄ 27 ඾Щ۞઼࡚̚ఙ‫ݡ‬ќᖟछǕ‫˩ٽྮͳڱ‬α‫࠹ࢵ׶‬

ဦ8 ‫܅ܦ‬໽̄ႋᖔ஧ཬ෈Ͱ͛Ϝದߋ஬ Ğ1552ğ ઼࡚රপ࡚ఙᐡ ĞThe Walters Art Museumğᖟ

੺ϑᜋ၆‫ٺ‬஭ጡ۞ќะՀߏ̙᏷ዶ˧ć੺ϑᜋഅ‫ྮצ‬ ‫˩ٽ‬α̝‫׻‬Ă౹ϲ઼̳̚ΦĂࠁˠ‫ז‬ᇃэࢎᄦ૲ѣ‫ڱ‬ ઼ϥ݃৳ౢ۞஭ጡĄ 28 ༊ॡͽᇇ‫ވͳ۞͕̚ࠎ઼˟ڱ‬ෳ

ဦ10 ᘱཬ෈Ͱ઼ᑔ۞‫܅ܦ‬ണેದā ဦ9 ‫܅ܦ‬ٛ˚͛ॾ֏‫˾܅‬༦ ˩˛͵ࡔ ࡻ઼̂ࡻ౾‫ۏ‬ᐡĞThe British Museumğᖟ

˩̱͵ࡔ݈ഇā ઼̚ᇃ‫̌˯࠷ڌ‬फ΍˿

295

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ဦ11 ᇇ઼ߦ‫ڒ‬आࠃᛡಢ࠱झ ĞSchloss Charlottenburg, Berlinğ

୉ٕಱྈˠछк‫ٺ‬ҋшన˘Ķ઼̚‫ވ‬ķٕĶ஭ጡ‫ވ‬ķĞဦ11ă12ğĂౘЕ඾ᇴณ̙͌۞઼̚ ჟ஭Ă֭ͷĶ઼̚‫ވ‬ķ̰۞྅࿹ጨ৽Ķ‫׎‬ᗟՄ̙΍‫ٺ‬჌ਮ̈́ᄦ஭ķĄ 29 Į˲Ⴌᔈ‫ݱ‬ர੃į ୃࢗྮ‫˩ٽ‬α۞ဵगă༊ॡ۞ͳ͉̄Ă‫ވا׎‬Ϻߏ࿹႕˞઼̚஭ጡĂ‫܅ܦͽ͍̚׎‬஭ጡ۞ ќᖟ౵ࠎᖳಱĄΩγ1686ѐ঍ֹ༼˵΃ܑ঍ͳ૟ࠎᇴ̙͌۞઼̚஭ጡӔᚥග఺Ҝͳ̄ĂҌ 1689ѐࡻ࠱ణય˲Ⴌᔈझॡ࠻˞ ̙༰ရࠎ៍ͤĂ 30 ‫׎‬Ҍ˩˛͵ࡔϐ झ̰Ҍ͌̏ќᖟѣ˘Ѻˣ˩ˣ჌ ᙷâ˼к઼࣎̚஭ጡ˞Ą 31 ྮ‫ٽ‬ ˩̣ࠤҌ˭΄૟‫઼ڱ‬ٙѣ۞ᅙጡ ᗄ̼ԼࠎιϡĂ҃ͽ஭ጡ΃ആĂ ˯˭ࢲଂâॡໂ஽Ă 32 ͽ༊ॡ‫ڱ‬ ઼၆઼࡚̚ఙ‫۞ݡ‬ሤຑ඀‫ֽޘ‬ଯ ീĂ఺ֱ‫۞̝΃҃פ‬஭ጡĂᑕྍ Β߁ֽҋᅌᅈ‫઼̚۞͞ڌ‬஭ጡĄ д˘‫ࠤ็߹݋‬ᇃ۞ฅჷ̚ᔘ੃ѣ ༊ॡ೼ጆ̀ĞPrussiağͳࣘᖠҹ ഑ĞSachsenğᏴ‫ܭޓ‬๸Ο೻প ĞAugust der Starkeğ఼࿅γϹ͘

ဦ12 The Embroidered Room ༄‫࠱׏‬Ьफ઼̚झ ĞThe Chinese Pavilion at Drottningholm, Swedenğ

296

ඦ‫ٺ‬1717ѐ4͡19͟Ăͽ̱ѺЩĞ˘ᄲ˛Ѻˣ˩˟Щğ ᖠҹ഑ᗨһĂϹೱ˘Ѻ˟˩˛І઼̚౜஭ְ̝Ą˯ࢗ జϡֽϹೱ۞஭ጡΒ߁ѣĈ̂ሹ˩ˣІĂᄏឫ˛ІĂ ̂‫̣ړ‬ІĂ̂௦ˬ˩˛ІĂ‫ܛ‬㙙̂ሹ˟˩ІĂ̚‫ܦݭ‬ ‫܅‬ሹ˩̱ІĂ‫̈܅ܦ‬Ⴤ˟˩αІĄ 33 ΩγĂፂ̈‫͉ڒ‬ξ ࢡᛌ‫ڦ‬ইσჰĞdŅEntrecolles, Fran ois XavierĂ1664 ů1741ğĮ઼̚౜஭֍ჷᐂį˘३Ă‫ྶ੃݋‬Ҍ1733ѐ๸ Ο೻পΝ͵ࠎͤĂ‫׎‬ќᖟ۞઼̚஭ጡೀͼშᘲ˞૵Ⴇ ॡഇĞ1662ů1722ğ۞ٙѣ჌ᙷĄᓝ˲‫܅ܦ‬ă੽૾ă ‫૾ˬ܅ڱ‬ă‫ܦ‬஭ă࿏㝯ࡓăә‫ܦ‬Ăͽ̈́ᇇ̼ቍ៍ࢰ Ğဦ13ğăҁӖϨ஭ညă࿥ϒॡഇĞ1723ů1735ğ۞߶ ૾ጡă‫܅ܦ۞΃ځ‬஭Ăͽ̈́ԇ΃۞ᐷߵቍĄ д઼̚͞ࢬĂࠎ˞ֻᑕለ߷۞኷‫ק‬ќᖟ‫׶‬၁ϡᅮ ࢋĂЯѩତ‫˞צ‬ЧёЧᇹ۞ࢎᄦĄ͍‫ߏ׎‬д˩ˣ͵ࡔ

ဦ13 ᇇ̼Ϩ஭៍ࢰည ˩˛͵ࡔ‫ޢ‬ഇ

̚ഇࠎ˞೩ֻගᜪ‫މ‬ ٙᅮ۞໤ቁဦᇹ‫׶‬ٙ ࢋֹϡ۞ᗞҒĂ઼̚ ᔘనࢍ˞˘჌Ķᇹሹķ ྻ‫ـ‬ለ߷ĄĶᇹሹķ ᙝ॰۞૾࿹ࠎαඈ ̶ĂՏα̶̝˘ౌᘱ ΍̙Т۞ёᇹĂ҃Տ ࣎ёᇹౌϡΐ࿏‫ܠ‬ٛ ұᇴфᇾ‫ཱིځ‬ቅĂ఺ ჌ཱིቅፂᄲߏܑ‫ځ‬Ω γٙ‫۞ܢ‬ϫᐂ̚ᇾ‫ځ‬ ᆊ ॾ ۞ г ͞ Ą 34Ω ፂ ˩ˣ͵ࡔ̚ഇ‫ͳ઼ڱ‬ ‫ވ‬଄ϡෳ‫ܛ‬ᛳरĂӈ

Ğνğဦ14 Ҙ߶ˠ‫ۏ‬ည ˩ˣ͵ࡔ ཬ෈ͰMme Espirito Santo Collection, Lisbonᖟ ĞΠğဦ15 ᗨ੺࢕̀ည ૵ႧॡഇĞ1662ů1722ğ

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૞‫ܝ‬మ኱ࠡ‫ە‬྅࿹‫זצ҃ݡ‬༊ॡෳ୉ಱˠٙᝌ‫۞ܓ‬ՆϞЧΦĞLazare Duvauxğ۞Įమ኱ ͟ᄫįĂ˵ࡔᐂ˞̙͌༊ॡͳ‫ވ‬ෳ୉ᔉ෴઼̚஭ጡ۞ྎ௟̰टĞܑ˟ણ໰ğĄԧࣇଂለ߷็ ͵۞Чё஭ˠܰĞဦ14ă15ğٕજ‫ܰۏ‬Ğဦ16ă17ă18ğΞͽมତ᎚ۢĮమ኱͟ᄫį̚ѩ ᙷ઼̚౜஭۞ౄ‫׶ݭ‬ᆊॾĂт˘၆ᆊࣃ˟Ѻα˩֧ࠎႬĞlivreğ۞઼̚Ķ஭ฯᗗķѣΞਕ ‫׶‬னᖟఈᜋ‫ؒܠ‬೻প઼̜ϲ࡚ఙᐡĞRijksmuseum, Amsterdamğ࿏˯̣૾ᗗĞТဦ17ğߏ ࠹ᙷҬ۞ү‫ݡ‬Ą඾Щ۞࢒̚‫̀ି็઼ڱ‬ইσჰĂд‫׎‬३ᖎ̚˵അ೩‫΁ז‬ώˠдഀᇇᗉ֍࿅ ˘჌؈μ۞஭ጡ፶᝕Ă፶᝕̰γ˘វઇјĂߍ΍۞ᒍЍ֖Ξ໰‫ވ˘ځ‬Ă҃఺Іү‫ߏ˜ݡ‬ ˛ăˣѐ݈‫ࢎ۞̄ͳ઼ڱ‬ᄦ‫ݡ‬Ąੵѩ̝γĂ఺Ҝͳ̄ᔘࢎᄦ˞˘჌੼˘͎ధĂϤ˩α͚გ ޸Ъ҃јਕ൴΍ᐹ࡚ࢰҒ۞஭௒Ăͽ̈́஭ำ៤ඈሄጡć 35 ͽ̈́ଂࡻ઼ჯкӀֲᄃֲұপ࡚

ဦ17

ဦ16 ஭‫ۓ‬ ઀ษॡഇĞ1711ů1799ğ

஭ᗗ

ဦ19

˩˛͵ࡔ‫ޢ‬ഇҌ˩ˣ͵ࡔ݈ഇā

඘ࡀ௒ёದā

ఈᜋ‫ؒܠ‬೻প઼̜ϲ࡚ఙᐡ

ࡻ઼ჯкӀֲᄃֲұপ౾‫ۏ‬ᐡ

ĞRijksmuseum, Amsterdamğᖟ

ဦ18 ፾֎ᘙ ཬ෈ͰEssayan Collection, Lisbonᖟ

ĞVictoria & Albert Museumğᖟ

ဦ20 ‫܅ܦ‬Ꮴԛ፶ Hatcher Junk χᇢ‫ݡ‬

298

ఙᐡĞVictoria & Albert Museumğᖟ඘ࡀ௒ёದĞဦ19ğĂ1640ѐ΃Օ௺Hatcher Junkχ ᇢ˯‫܅ܦ۞ث‬Ꮴԛ፶Ğဦ20ğĂ̙ᙱຐည఺ᙷໂ‫׍‬μ‫۞ޥ‬෶‫ٽ‬౜஭Ą 36 д1635ѐ10͡23͟ఈᜋዸᄂ៉ᓁ༛ග‫ؒܠ‬೻প̜۞ಡӘ˯೩‫ז‬ĂϤ‫઼̚ٺ‬થˠඍᑕд ˭Ѩ‫ࢲ؞‬ॡ૲ֽјइ˯р۞௟஭ĂЯѩ΁Ϲග઼̚થˠ̂ሹă̂༦ă஬ăҽ฼ጡă̂ឫă ᐠ‫׍‬ă̂‫ړ‬ăៃ஼ă̈‫ړ‬ă‫܇‬ϐ஬ăͪ஬‫׶‬ᆵᙝ޴ሹă૲ͪឫᓚ࠴ඈᇹ‫ݡ‬Ğဦ21ă22ă 23ğĄ఺ֱᇹ‫ߏౌݡ‬㍬΍۞͢ᄦ‫ݡ‬Ă˯ࢬ൪ѣЧё۞઼̚ဦ९ć 37 ઼҃̚થˠ˵ᄮࠎΞͽࢻ ᄦĂ֭ඍᑕд˭Ѩ‫ࢲ؞‬ॡϹఱĄϫ݈ٙ֍˯ࢗࢎᄦ஭ጡ˯۞ဦ९Ăੵ˞઼̚ࢲഀˠ‫̝ۏ‬γ Ğဦ24ă25ğĂᔘΒ߁ѣ΃ܑለ߷ෳ୉֗Њăၷᚹ۞࣎ˠٕछ୉৳ౢĞဦ26ğćֶٕ໰ለ߷ О൪Ğprintğăᅚ‫ۍ‬൪ඈүࠎᖡώ۞ࢲഀˠ‫ۏ‬ဦĞဦ27ă28ă29ğăࠚᕷဦă௺௹ဦĞဦ 30ğă‫܅‬ΘဦĞဦ31ğĂ˵ѣͽԓᘷăᘲ੺ৠྖүࠎᗟՄ۞ЧёဦᇹĞဦ32ğĄΩγĂᔘѣ

ဦ21 ̣૾Ձཕ࠴Ğ1730ů1740ğ

ဦ22 ̣૾̈˾޴஬Ğ1780ğ

༄‫ࠃ׏‬ჯᖠĆনႬ֧Ι

ဦ23 ৰ૾Զ‫ڻ‬ሹĞ1730ů1740ğ

̜౪ռˠᖟ

ĞLovisa Ulrikağ࠱Ьᖟ

ဦ24

ဦ25

ဦ26

‫܅ܦ‬ˠ‫ͪ̋ۏ‬Զ‫ڻ‬ሹ

‫૾̣܅ܦ‬ˠ‫ͪ̋ۏ‬Զ‫ڻ‬ሹĞ1740ğ

ఈᜋ‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬Φ৳ౢሹĞ1728ğ

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Ğνğဦ27 ஭ሹĞ1738ğ‫׶‬ᇹቇĞ1734ğ Ğ̚ğဦ28 ஭ሹĞ1740ů1750ğ‫׶‬൪ቇĞ1740ğ ĞΠğဦ29 ஭ሹĞ1740ğ‫׶‬൪ቇ ఈᜋ‫ؒܠ‬೻প઼̜ϲ࡚ఙᐡĞRijksmuseum, Amsterdamğᖟ

ဦ32 ৠྖˠ‫ۏ‬ဦԶ‫ڻ‬ሹĞ1750ğ

ဦ30 ௺௹ဦ஭ሹĞ1756ĉğ ‫઼ڱ‬Р࡚౾‫ۏ‬ᐡ ĞMus e Guimetğᖟ

ဦ31 ϼ֧ᄋĞLimogesğ፵൜ༀ۞૵Ⴇ̣૾૲ԯ༦ā ‫઼ڱ‬Р࡚౾‫ۏ‬ᐡĞMus e Guimetğᖟ

300

ٙᏜ۞Ķࡠ᎘ົ஭ķĞJesuti chinağܼͽ‫ି؟‬྅࿹ّ൪ࠎ ᗟՄĂဦᇹΒ߁˞ࡠ᎘ኚϠă߾ᖃă‫צ‬Жăೇ߿ă͇̿ඈ ඈĞဦ33ă34ă35ğĂߏ‫׍‬ѣ࠹༊পҒ۞γዚ஭ጡ̝˘Ą ѩγĂࡠ᎘ົ̀Ղ‫ځ‬ĞFr. Louis le ComteĂ1655ů 1728ğ‫ٺ‬Į઼̚ன๕į̶̚஭ጡࠎˬ჌âࠎเҒ஭ ጡĂ˟ࠎѷҒ૲ෘ৳۞஭ጡĂˬࠎк૾஭ጡĂ҃ለ߷ၚ֍ ۞ӈߏᛳ‫ٺ‬ௐˬ჌۞ᘱѣˠ‫ۏ‬౧ᘙ‫܅‬Θ۞Ϩг஭ጡĄ୻ˠ ౘᕱĮᬸฮį˵ᄲĈĶለᘲ͐ˠ̝‫ٺ‬஬ІĂᅲಈ૾гӵ ૾۰Ăߏͽโг፾಴ĂเгѨ̝Ăࡶ৵г̣‫ܚ‬Ă‫̏݋‬ ဦ33 ࡠ᎘‫צ‬Жဦሹ‫ړ׶‬ā ఈᜋ‫ؒܠ‬೻প઼̜ϲ࡚ఙᐡ ĞRijksmuseum, Amsterdamğᖟ

̙ࠤࢦෛķĂ֭ͷ޽΍Ķ߶થಈᔉ஭ҢķĂϺĶࠤࢦ୥‫܅‬ ឫķĞဦ36ğĂ࠻ֽለ߷ˠ၆‫઼̚ٺ‬౜஭۞ᅮՐ჌ᙷᔵᄲ ̙˘֖҃Ă൒҃ٙᏮˢ۰Ҭࠎ૾஭ҫ౵̂кᇴĄΩγĂд ˩˛͵ࡔ‫ܐ‬ഇĂ઼̚Ꮾ‫͟ـ‬ώ̈́ለ߷۞൪ѣ‫܁‬Ꮑă‫ס‬ำă

̋Ϯˠ‫۞ۏ‬ٙᏜĶ‫ځ‬ϐ୻‫ܐ‬ᇹёķĞTransitional styleğ஭ጡٕٙᏜĶΙٛҹ஭ķĞKraak Porcelainğ۞‫܅ܦ‬஭ጡ˵‫זצ‬ᇃ‫۞ھ‬ᝌ‫ܓ‬ĄĶΙٛҹķ˘ᄲ޽஭࿏ĶฟͯķĂΩᄲ‫݋‬ຍᏜ Ķλ௹ķĂᓁ̝ߏ1603ѐఈᜋིᒔཬ෈Ͱથ௺Catharina֭૟‫׎‬྅ྶ۞઼̚‫܅ܦ‬஭ྻ‫ٯ‬ఈִ ‫ٮ‬኱‫଀҃ޢ‬ЩĄ఺ᙷ஭ጡͽЧ჌͎̇۞ሹ‫ا‬кĂ˵ѣ༦௦̈́஬ದඈጡԛĂဦ९кͽ‫ܦ‬फ़ೡ

ဦ34 ࡠ᎘‫צ‬ЖဦԶ‫ڻ‬ሹĞ1745ğ ͐Ҙ֧ࡗሤ̰ᎊM. W. Antique Store, Rio de Janeiroᖟ

ဦ35 ࡠ᎘͇̿ဦԶ‫ڻ‬ሹĞ1745ů1750ğ ༄‫׏‬Δለ౾‫ۏ‬ᐡĞThe Nordic Museumğᖟ

301

4-1

ᘱ‫܅‬Θăᜃশඈ৳࿹Ăፋវ൪ࢲѣт˘ѧრฟ۞‫܀‬ᄇ‫܅‬Ă Яѩ͟ώˠ˫Ⴭ̝ࠎĶ‫܀‬ᄇ͘ķĂ‫׎‬൪ࢲ˵ᇆᜩ˞۲݈‫ܦ‬ ‫܅‬஭۞ᄦүĄ఺ֱ஭ጡд˩˛͵ࡔͽఈᜋࠎ͕̚۞‫ڱ‬ᜋᇇ ࠁᐖ‫ۏ‬൪̚ĂഅЯᇃజ‫ࠎפ‬ᘱ൪ᗟՄ҃΍ႽࢲᐝĂ֭ͷԆ ࡚гܲхдᘱ൪̚Ą

αăഀᇇᗉ۞஭ጡϠய‫׶‬γዚ஭۞՟ར д઼̚౜஭̂ณᏮ΍۞˩˛ă˩ˣ͵ࡔĂ‫۞͞ݑ‬஭ ຽࢦгഀᇇᗉͽ‫׎‬ଊ˳۞፵஭።Ϋ‫׶‬৷ሢ۞፵ቍԫᘹĂ Էႊᓝ֖ᅅࢦ۞֎ҒĈֻ่̙ᑕ઼̚ధкгડ͟૱ٙ

ဦ36 ‫܅ܦ‬Д୥৳ᄏឫĞ1661ů1772ğ ࡻ઼Ӏ‫ۏ‬঒Еჯ͈ˠ൪ು ĞLady Lever Art Gallery, Port Sunlight, Liverpoolğᖟ

ᅮĂ֭ͷତ‫צ‬γ઼ࢎᄦ૟ய‫ݡ‬ҖዚঔγĄϒт‫ځ‬ϐԇᑕ ߐ Ğ1587ů1666ğٙᄲ۞ĈĶࡶ͈̚රαཱྀĂ࿺Щᕷ‫פ‬۰Ă࠰ᛝ੤ঙୖഀᇇᗉ̝ய ˵ķĂ 38 ഀᇇᗉϠய۞γዚ஭Ă൑ኢдኳٕณ˯Ăౌ֖ͽ΃ܑ༊ॡγዚ౜஭۞˘࣎઎ࢬĄ ‫̀ି็઼̚࢒઼ڱ‬ইσჰд‫׎‬඾Щ۞३ᖎ̚അ੃྽ĈĶ༊ॡഀᇇᗉ۞ቍ͗ࣇࠎ˞ጐ ԣԆјለ߷‫ࢎ۞͗މ‬ᄦ஭ጡĂགྷ૱ଳ‫פ‬ᖙሀ۞͞ёֽᄦ஭Ăֽ҃ࣧಶጾѣለ߷ࢎᄦ஭ ഠёሀ‫۞ݭ‬ቍ͗ĂϤ‫ٺ‬ਕۡତଳϡĂ༼࠷ϠயॡมĂଂ҃ΞࢫҲјώĂᒔ଀ྵк۞Ӏ ማĄķ 39 ҃ഀᇇᗉϺనѣĶ߶ጡүķĂĶ‫ࢻ׎‬ΟЧᰌҒѣҘ߶ᐎᝤညϠጡϪĂ൪‫ڱ‬മ ߖĂଉϡҘ߶ඊຍćѣҘ߶เ඘ࡓქন‫ܛ‬ኜҒጡϪćѣ߶૾ጡϪĂາࢻҘ߶‫ڱ‬ༀ൪ ‫ڱ‬Ă̋ͪˠ‫܅ۏ‬Θ௪ͨĂ൑̙ჟ௟ˢৠķĞĮഀᇇᗉ౜ᐂį‫ˬס‬Ķ߶૾ጡϪķğĄ఺ֱĶ߶ ૾ጡϪķ˵кགྷϤག‫ڌ‬થమ̝͘ᖼ઴γˠĂ̙ҭĶёк؈μĂ໐൑‫ؠ‬ᇹķĞ֍Įഀᇇᗉ౜ ᐂį‫˟ס‬Ķ߶ጡķğĂ֭ͷĶ൪Ⴥ༗ഊጀ̝ˠĂ‫ٺ׎‬ሁέ‫͢܅‬ĂϺᅲણϡࠧზ‫ڱ‬ķĞĮᬸ ฮįğĞဦ37ă38ğĄഀᇇᗉ༊ॡ۞ϠயఢሀĂፂĮᛝэ‫ع‬Ԡį͔เግਞĮᗔԠįᄲߏĶЕ ξ‫⫨צ‬Ă‫֧ˬ˩ߘؼ‬ధĂœͫດ˩༱छķćইσჰ३ᖎ̚˵ჍѣĶቍᇄˬ˼ळķć൒҃ ઀ษˣѐĞ1743ğ࣫ࡻĞ1682ů1756ğٙ඾Į౜ҼဦᄲįĂ่Ⴭഀᇇᗉ༊ॡϔቍѣ˟ăˬ ѺડĂ‫ޢ‬۰ᑕྍߏͧྵΞ‫ྶ੃۞ܫ‬Ą ᔵ൒ഀᇇᗉϠய۞஭ጡĂኳгિቜሒϨĂҭЯ෼ᗓ༊ॡγዚఱ‫۞ۏ‬ะ೸гᇃэᔘѣ˘ ߱ྮ඀Ăྶྻᅲࠎ෱ॡĂ྾੓ѣϤഀᇇᗉ፵ᄦ஭᭓ĂГྻҌགྃΐ૾࿹۰Ąтϔ઼‫ܐ‬ѐᆒ ̄‫܆‬Įѻ๩౜ᄲįٙୃࢗ۞ĈĶঔ఼̝‫ܐ‬ĂҘથ઼ֽ̝̚۰ĂАҌ፫‫ܝ‬Ă‫݋ޢ‬ూᔌᇃ

302

эĄ୻΃̚ཧĂঔ௹ำะĂ થચᓄ஽Ăለ˿ࢦර஭Ăԧ થˠԸ‫׎‬ٙрĂ˜‫ٺ‬ഀᇇᗉ ፵ౄϨጡĂྻҌག‫ݯ‬ĂΩั ̍Нࢻ໰Ҙ߶൪‫ڱ‬Ăΐͽ૾ ᘱĂ‫ٺ‬঴ѯ̝‫ݑ‬Ăฟᚤত ߖĂᄦј૾஭Ă൒‫ޢ‬઴̝Ҙ ‫ݑ‬Ąᄏ‫׎‬ጡᔉҋഀᇇᗉĂ૾

Ğνğဦ37 ฟЍˠ‫ۏ‬஬ā ఈᜋ‫ؒܠ‬೻প઼̜ϲ࡚ఙᐡ

ᘱ‫݋‬ག̝‫ݑګ‬ᇄٙΐ۰˵Ă

ĞRijksmuseum, Amsterdamğᖟ

߇ѣ‫̈́૾ݑګ‬ᇃ૾ඈЩ

Ğ˯ğဦ38 ࢕̀Զ‫ڻ‬ሹā

ჍĄķĞဦ39ğ҃ለ߷௺௹Ϻ

઀ษॡഇĞ1711ů1799ğ ‫઼ڱ‬Р࡚౾‫ۏ‬ᐡĞMus?e Guimetğᖟ

ѣ૟ഀᇇᗉ፵ౄ۞ለ߷‫ݭ‬৵ ஭ྻ‫ـ‬ለ߷ĂϤĶለ߷஭൪͘ķΐᘱ࿏˯૾࿹Ăᚤ፵‫ޢ‬ГҖ൴઴۞ଐԛĄ 40 ጐგഀᇇᗉ۞ቍ͗അགྷࠎ፵ౄγዚ஭ጡઇ࿅჌჌۞Ӆ˧Ă൒҃‫۞៍މ‬ᒖဩЯ৵Ă‫૲݋‬ ග઼̚౜஭෶‫ٽ‬ᚑࢦ۞χᑝĂҌ˩ˣ͵ࡔϐĂ஭ጡγዚ̏႙ᔌ‫ٺ‬՟རĄ1708ѐ1͡15͟Ă ᇇ઼໯‫ܛ‬रΒРႬࢵА‫ٺ‬ᇇ઼౪഑፵ౄ΍ለ߷ௐ˘࣎ϨҒർ஭Ă֭నϲ˞஭ጡ̍ᇄĂ 41 ̙ ˳ለ߷Ч઼Ϻᐌ̝២ࡁ፵஭ԫఙĄ1740ѐ‫ॹ˲۞઼ڱ‬஭ᇄĂ1745ѐࡻ઼۞ॻႬҘ஭ᇄϺԆ јർ஭۞፵ౄćࡻ઼ࠤҌд1760ѐ‫ٺ‬౾‫ޏ‬ ĞBowğనϲĶາᇃэ஭ᇄķĂ౜̍кҌˬѺ ˠĂ፵஭న౯ϺБϤᇃэࢎᄦۡତᏮˢĄ҃ д˩ˣ͵ࡔ̚ཧĂ༄‫׏‬ăҘ঱Ͱă̜౪ăఈ ᜋඈ઼Ϻ࠹ᚶԆјർ஭۞ᄦౄĂ‫ͽ̚׎‬ᇇ઼ ౪഑஭ᇄ۞ჟ։ய‫ݡ‬౵‫צ‬ᝌ‫ܓ‬Ą 42 ࢬ၆඾ለ߷Чг૦੓۞ᚮ‫ۋ‬၆͘Ă઼̚ ஭ጡдυᅮགྷ࿅‫ܜ‬඀௹ྻ۞ҋ൒ᒖဩࢨ‫ט‬ ˭Ă‫ޝ‬ᙱᄃ̝ᚮ‫ۋ‬ĄপҾߏҋ઼̚ೳю΍൴ ‫ٯ‬྿ለ߷‫ــ‬ᅮ෱ॡ‫׌‬ѐĂഇมለ߷߹Җ۞ ဦ39 ᇃ૾৳ౢˣ͞ሹā Collection of Mr. Anti no Manuel Sapageᖟ

ഠё̏кѣԼតĄ‫׎‬ѨĂለ߷ˠ၆‫ֽٺ‬ҋᅌ ᅈ‫۞઼̚͞ڌ‬Ķள઼኷‫ק‬ķ˵̂ࠎࢫҲĂ఺

4-1

ֱЯ৵ౄј˞઼̚஭ጡᆊॾ̂฀Ą˩ˣ͵ࡔ̚ཧĂᇇ઼౪഑஭ጡд͐ጌ۞πӮᆊॾߏ̱˩ Ҍ˘Ѻα˩α֧ࠎႬĂ‫۞઼ڱ‬ᔈ೼ጆ஭ĞS vresğᆊࣃՀ੼ć҃༊ॡ઼̚‫܅ܦ‬஭‫่ݒ‬ਕ઴ ‫ˬ˩ז‬Ҍ˩α֧ࠎႬĂк૾஭ጡ·‫׎‬ณ˵Ϊਕ኱‫̱˩ז‬Ҍˬ˩֧ࠎႬ۞Ҳᆊ᏿˞ć 43 ˩ˣ ͵ࡔ‫ڌܐ‬О‫̳ޘ‬Φ۞‫ٮ‬኱ϫᐂ˵ពϯ͟ώ஭ጡ۞ᆊॾ‫੼ــ‬΍઼̚౜஭Ăт઼̚‫૲܅ܦ‬ሹ ΞΞֲ‫ړ‬Ҥᆊα‫̀ܮ‬Ăҭ͟ώᄦТᙷᄦ‫݋ݡ‬ᅮ˘Ҍ˟๸။Ą 44 ࡻ઼‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬Φѣᝥ‫ٺ‬ѩĂ ˭΄ഴ͌၆઼̚஭ጡ۞ᔉ෴ณĂ1791ѐ8͡4͟˫˭˞඗၆‫΄׻‬Ă༰ͤଳᔉ઼̚஭Ą1792ѐ ߋĂ౵‫˘ޢ‬Բϡ̳Φᔉ෴۞઼̚஭ጡᏮˢࡻ઼Ă‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬Φ˘Ш၆઼̚౜஭̝Ꮾˢ̙᏷ዶ ˧Ăт̫‫ݒ‬хఱ·ϋĂҌ1798ѐ̖ਕ௲઴Ą ੵ˞ለ߷Чгт‫ߋޢܥ‬ඎਠгјϲ஭ᇄ૲ග઼̚γዚ஭χᑝ̝γĂֲ߷͟ώ˵፵஭γ ᏮĂᄃ઼̚ᚮ‫ۋ‬Ąтҋ͟ώ༱‫˟ڼ‬ѐĞ1659ğఈᜋ‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬ΦЯഀᇇᗉዎጼͫ‫̈́گ‬Ăᖼ҃ Ш͟ώࢎᄦ౜஭ĂҌᚗፌ˛ѐĞ1757ğҋఈٙԆј۞౵‫˘ޢ‬ඊϒёϹ‫˘۞ٽ‬Ѻ࿬ˣѐ̝ มĂ֍‫੃ٺ‬ᐂ۞Ϥఈᜋ‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬Φགྷ͘ዚ‫ـ‬ለ߷۞͟ώ౜஭ᓁᇴࢍ˘Ѻ˟˩ˬ༱ˬ˼αѺ ˘˩ˣІĄ 45 পҾߏ͟ώߕΠ኎‫ܝ‬஭ጡĂࡩኳሒஐĂ૾࿏‫ܪځ‬Ăᛏ଀ለ߷ˠ۞ಈຑć˩ˣ ͵ࡔለ߷஭ᇄੵࢻ፵઼̚஭ጡ̝γĂ˵кࢻ፵ߕΠ኎‫ܝ‬஭ጡĂߏ͟ώ஭ጡᏮለ߷̚౵‫׍‬ᇆ ᜩ˧۞ய‫ݡ‬ĞТဦ4ğĄѩγĂ˩˛͵ࡔ‫ܐ‬ĂϿ६௚‫ڼ‬۰‫͐ܠ‬೻ĞShah Abbasğ˵ҋ઼̚٢ ད౜̍ˬѺˠాТாᛳд‫گ‬೻᎝ቍ፵ౄ‫׍‬ѣ઼̚ࢲ‫܅ܦ۞ק‬஭ጡĂ‫׎‬ய‫̙ݡ‬ҭᏮҌֲ̚Ă ֭ͷགྷϤĶఈᜋ‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬Φķ̝͘ྻ‫͐ٯ‬྿ჯֲГᖼ઴ለ߷Ąፂఈᜋ͛ᚥĂ1665ѐѣα˼ ̱Ѻα˩̱࣎ă1668ѐѣ˟˼˟Ѻ̱˩ˣ࣎ă1681ѐѣα˼̣Ѻ̣˩̱࣎஭ጡϤ‫گ‬೻Ꮾ ˢĄд˟˩̣ѐมĂπӮՏѐࡗѣ˘˼̣Ѻ࣎஭ጡྻ‫ٯ‬ለ߷Ą 46 ఺ֱ͌ณ۞஭ጡ‫׽‬൒ᙱͽ ‫઼̚׶‬ᘀ̂۞γዚ஭ጡ࠹೩֭ኢĂҭ‫˵ݒ‬ᄲ‫˞ځ‬༊ॡЧ઼Ӆ˧Ш઼̚ጯ௫ᄦ஭Ă౵‫ޢ‬௣ਕ ፾ϲϠயĂѣ۞ࠤҌјࠎ઼̚஭ጡ۞ᚮ‫ۋ‬၆͘Ă‫׎‬ჟ࡚۞඀‫઼̝ͧ̚ޘ‬౜஭୮̙ᅊҒĄ

̈ඕ ઼̚‫ځ‬ϐ߆‫ڼ‬જᒜ̙щĂഀᇇᗉ۞౜̍࿸‫צ‬ၨണĄ༱ፌ˟˩ѐĞ1592ğ̈́˟˩̣ѐ Ğ1597ğĂ઼̚ഈԗࠁһ͚೯ഈᔿВТ‫ٯ‬᎔͟ώᖳҊսРĞ1536ů1598ğ‫ܬ‬ϚĂ઼ऱ̂ᓪĄ ҃‫ٺ‬༱ፌ˟˩˛ѐĞ1599ğ߉Җ۞Ķœඁ‫ڱ‬ķຩ‫ח‬ϔ਌Ăഀᇇᗉд‫ءއ‬œඁႾም࠹۞ࡳᇷ Ⴞந̝˭ĂՀߏ‫זצ‬ᚑࢦ۞χᑝĄఈᜋ‫ڌ‬О‫̳ޘ‬Φ۞͛३Հߏ‫׍‬វ೩‫ૣז‬჉˩˛ѐĞ1644ğ ഀᇇᗉ̍НЯጼͫ҃кѣѪ۰Ą 47

303

304

఺˘Ѩ۞Ϲ߹Ă઼̚૲ගለ߷Ч઼၆‫ٺ‬஭ጡᄦү۞ϒቁᄮᙊĂ֭೩ֻ։р۞ቑώĂܳ ֹለ߷јΑг፵ౄ΍િർሒϨ۞஭ጡĄ1670ѐϤ‫˩ٽྮͳڱ‬α˭΄‫ޙ‬ౄ۞Ķ஭ጡ۞পӀщ ᏚझķĞTrianon de PorcelaineğĂፋᆼ‫ޙ‬᎝ᖬͽ߉࿏۞፵‫ڕ‬Ăຍဦሀࢻ‫ִݑ‬ಡाъ۞লሬ ๰Ąझ̰ͽ‫ܦ‬Ϩ‫׌‬Ғүࠎ͹ࢋ྅࿹ҒአĂፂᄲ‫ី׎‬ຏϺߏ଀ҋ઼̚۞‫܅ܦ‬஭ጡĄ˩ˣ͵ࡔ ࢵА੓‫ࢲޢ઼҃ڱٺ‬ᙴለ߷۞ࠃΞΞүࢲĂٙᓾՐ۞ᅅଐăᐹ࡚ă೚ԣăҋ൒Ă˵ϒᄃ̚ ઼஭ጡଳϡញ௟‫׶‬ҋϤනण۞൪ࢲ࠹‫ݵ‬ЪĂ઼̚஭ጡ۞໢ฮ୻਑่̙෪ᇈ˞ࠃΞΞॡ΃۞ ૄአĂ˵˩֖г႕֖˞ለ߷ˠ၆‫ٺ‬ள઼ଐ኷۞๝рĄ ൒҃஭ጡ۞ Аซ઼઼̚ĂϤ ‫็ٺ‬௚‫ޥ‬ຐॲஎ འ‫׽‬೼࿆хдϔ มĂˢ‫ֽͽځ‬஭ ጡᄦүࢻΟቶࠎ ࢲঈĂЯѩд఺ Ѩ۞Ϲ߹̚‫צ‬೎ ྵ̈Ăొ̶ሀࢻ Ҙ߶ဦᇹăౄ‫ݭ‬ ۞ய‫ݡ‬Ăੵਕ‫ܓ‬ Ъγ઼˾‫̝ק‬

ဦ40 ᄏ࠴ ˩ˣ͵ࡔ୎ഇ

ဦ41

ཬ෈ͰMme Abel de Lacerda

ᗕԯದā

Collection, Caramulo, Portugalᖟ

‫઼ڱ‬Lataillade Collection, Parisᖟ

γĂ‫ޝ‬ᙱд઼̰ ҫѣξಞĞဦ40 Ƃ 4 3 ğĄ ই σ ჰ д‫׎‬३ᖎ̚ಶ޽ ΍఺჌૞ࠎᏮˢ ለ߷۞ࢎᄦ஭ጡ ĶЯࠎԆБ̙Ъ ̚ ઼ ˠ ۞ ˾ ‫ק‬Ă߇д઼̰ ዚ઴ӧᙱķĂ ఈ

ဦ42 ័‫ܛ‬඘ࡀದ ˩˛͵ࡔ‫ޢ‬ഇ ఈᜋ‫ؒܠ‬೻প઼̜ϲ࡚ఙᐡ ĞRijksmuseum, Amsterdamğᖟ

ဦ43 ͱᐝᄏ௦ ˩ˣ͵ࡔā ઼࡚໢পဦႬ౾‫ۏ‬ᐡ ĞWinterthur Museumğᖟ

305

4-1

ᜋг͞‫ٺءܜ‬1616ѐග̳Φ཭ְົ۞‫̚ܫ‬Հ‫ځ‬Ϩ۞ᄲĈд઼̚఺ᙷ஭ጡ̙ኢຫεк͌Ă˵ ߏࢋ΍˾኱ଫ۞Ą 48 γዚёᇹ஭ጡд઼̚ώ˿‫ֽ˭็߹͌ޝ‬ĂӈߏЯࠎ‫׍‬ѣ఺჌পঅ۞ّ ኳĂѩϺТॡຍᏜ඾Ă̂ณٚତ፵ᄦᏮለࢎᄦ஭۞ഀᇇᗉቍ͗༊൒υืٚፉఈᜋˠ࿰;ࢎ ‫ޢ̝ܛ‬Ă‫˫ݒ‬ϏυБᇴ෴ซ۞ࢲᐍĂ‫ೌ׎‬ၝଐഀ̙ᙱຐညĂӈĈ݇ᆊ΍୻Ă௣Ҍ้छᎿ யĄΩ˘͞ࢬĂϤ‫ٺ‬Ҙ߶൪‫ڱ‬ଳϡ౅ෛ‫ځ׶‬ຳ۞ܑன͘‫ڱ‬ĂЯѩĶˠ‫܅ͪ̋ۏ‬Θ௪ͨĂ ൑̙ჟ௟ˢৠķĂ఺჌൪‫ڱ‬ᔵ൒അజ୻‫ੰܐ‬൪छ࿊˘ॳĞ1686ů1772ğᙎ৯ߏĶᔵ̍Ϻ НĂ̙ˢ൪‫ݡ‬ķĂҭߏ‫˵ݒ‬౾଀˞ొ̶ˠ̀۞ಈຑĄѦ␲Į౜ᄲį੃྽ĈĶ̫஭൪ᇹĂ˩ ̶̝Ă‫଀૾߶݋‬αĂᆷϠ଀ˬĂࢻΟ˟Ăᐅ߱˘˵Ąķ˯ࢗ۞߶૾ᔵ̙Ϊ݀ࢨ‫ٺ‬ϼҘ߶ ൪ࢬ۞ٙᏜࢻ߶஭Ă҃ᑕ޽ৰ૾҃֏Ă൒҃ଂĮഀᇇᗉ౜ᐂįඈ੃ྶٕϫ݈Ξ֍۞ү‫࠻ݡ‬ ֽĂࢻҘ߶൪‫۞ڱ‬஭ጡд༊ॡϺҋҫѣ˘‫۞ؠ‬гҜĄ੠‫ॲ׎‬໚ĂΞͽᄲߏҋ็ି̀૟Ҙ൪ ̬௜‫ޢ઼̝̚ז‬ҋ൒ᔞ឵۞ඕ‫ڍ‬Ă˵ߏ઼࡚̚ఙٙ‫צ‬Ҙ͞ᇆᜩ۞˘ּĄ

3 4

1981

ܑ˘ ̜౪‫ܠ‬Ⴌћ֤ົۤШ઼̚ࢎᔉ۞થ‫୻ݡ‬ಏ μҹ˧༦

6,008

ͱ‫ڵ‬஽‫ۏ‬

804

‫ש‬પ༦

149,337

ࡓਮ༦

3,073,118

౪ͯඓሹ

5,602

഼ሹ

மᕇሹ

5,333

஽ዖ‫׍‬

322

70

‫̄׉‬ᕚ࿹

15

10,448

୎ᐠሹ

20,289

ტЪሹ

24

ˠܰ௡Ъ

42

಑ದ

17

୎ᐠϡ‫׍‬

446

ਮ‫׍‬௡Ъ

522

‫ש‬પ௡Ъ

28

ॸ࿹

92

஽഼‫׍‬

202

‫ש‬પದ

162

ͱη஽‫׍‬

748

ም኷੧༦௡Ъ

321

ም኷੧༦

2,813

3,005

̼Ӷ௡Ъ

86

ਮದ

3,928

ም኷੧‫ړ‬

28

ᗂ‫ڵ‬஽‫ۏ‬

114

Ւٛሹ௡Ъ

લ੧‫ړ‬

ɂ Ɉ ŏ ώܑ‫פ‬ҋРϣЍ֣ĂIJഀᇇᗉœ౜ჃϠயœ෶‫ٽ‬ij ĞִౌĈִౌ̂ጯˠ͛ࡊጯࡁտٙĂ1970ğ

306

ܑ˟ ˩ˣ͵ࡔለ߷ͳ‫ވ‬ෳ୉ᔉ෴઼̚஭ጡ۞ྎ௟̰ट በཱི

͟ഇĞҘ̮ğ

ᔉ ෴ ఱ ͹

થ ‫ ݡ‬჌ ᙷ

1

1748.12.23

S. A. R. Mademoiselle, ou

2

1750.05.25

Madame de Pompadour

઼̚஭ฯᗗᕚཉ‫˘ۏ‬၆

3

1750.06.04

Comtesse dŅEgmont

઼̚஭ࡀᎤದ

Monsieur de Boulogne

઼̚஭ದ

ᆊॾĞ֧ࠎႬğ

α͞ˬᆸ઼̚஭‫ܦ‬஼

96

Louise-Anne de Bourdon-Cod

4 Ŏ 1750.09.01

240 6 ̙ྎ

5 Ŏ 1751.03.17

Duc de Tallard

݇༳஭஬

48

6

1751.04.09

Comte du Luc

઼̚‫܅ܦ‬໡ጡαІ

15

7

1751.11.24

Т1

઼̚஭॒ৰ஼̱І

18

8

1752.02.14

Т1

෭‫܅‬ፘཧ৳ଡ଼ԛ̂‫܅‬஬˘၆

152

9

1752.02.17

Leonor la Fresnaye

઼̚஭ದ˘၆

144

10

1752.03.29

Т3

઼̚஭ˠܰαІ

36

11

1752.04.12

Boucher

โг઼̚஭ದ

121

12

1752.07.16

Т3

‫ܢ‬ᅚᄦᔠ‫઼̚׍ܛ‬஭ͪሹ

13

1752.07.22

Т3

઼̚෭‫܅̂܅‬஬˘၆

36 1440

14

1752.11.06

Madame dŅEpinay

઼̚஭ฯᗗᕚཉ‫˘ۏ‬၆

168

15

1753.09.20

Le P. Pufour

‫ܢ‬ᅚᄦᔠ‫઼̚׍ܛ‬஭஬˘၆

288

16

1754.01.06

Duchesse de la Chaulne

઼̂̚஭ˠܰ˘၆

288

17

1754.07.02

Т2

઼̚஭ଡ଼

168

18

1754.09.04

Duc de la Valli re

઼̚஭ࢶ஼˘၆

19

1755.07.09

Madame Geoffrin

઼̚ਨ‫܅‬৳̈஭ದ˘၆

20

1755.08.02

96 120

Т19

઼̚஭α͞‫܅‬஬˘၆

21 Ŏ 1755.11.26

Monsieur dŅ Azincourt

઼̚஭Ꮴᕚཉ‫ۏ‬

144

22

1756.04.27

Т2

૲ԯ઼͘̚஭༦̈́஭ћ˘χ

27

23

1756.06.30

Comte de Valentionois

઼̂̚஭ˠܰ˘၆

60

24

1756.06.30

Т23

઼̚஭ᙔዀˠܰ˘၆

60

25

1756.06.30

Т23

઼̚஭ˠܰ˘၆

72

Monsieur de Julienne

૲ॲཧ஭‫ڍ‬၁ᕚཉ‫ۏ‬

288

26 Ŏ 1756.07.24 27

1758.02.27

Monsieur de Fontferri re

઼̚஭༦̈́஭ћ‫׌‬І

28

1758.06.13

Т6

઼̚‫ࡀ܅ܦ‬Ꭴ̈ದ

29

1750.12.17

˲Ⴌᔈझ

‫ܢ‬ᅚᄦᔠ‫ܛ‬྅‫ܦ͇׍‬஭ͪ‫˟ڦ‬І

30

1751.08.18

Т2

৵৳͇‫ܦ‬஭ືᚤ࿹˘௡

31

1751.08.18

Т2

60

4 210 600 1480

Ğ஭Ꮴ˘၆ă‫ܢ‬྅‫׍‬ᐷ҅஬ˬІğ ኀჴᗕ౦ԛ‫܅‬஬

120

ŏĞ˘ğ ֧ࠎႬĞlivresğࠎ‫઼ڱ‬ᖞ။‫ט‬Ą Ğ˟ğ በཱི1-28‫ٺ‬ՆϞЧΦĮమ኱͟ᄫįĦLivre Journal de Lazare Duvaux, Marchand-bijoutier Ordinaire Du Roy, 1748-1758, tome 1-2 (Publi par L. Courajod, Paris MDCCCLXXIII)ħ̚

4-1

Ӯ‫ځ‬ቁ੃ࠎĶ઼̚஭ķĂበཱི29-31่੃ࠎĶኀჴҒķ Ğc ladonğٕĶ͇‫ܦ‬Ғķ Ğblue c lesteğĂ ҭଯຐΞਕΒ߁ࡶ઼̒̚஭ጡд̰Ą‫׎‬ዶּ̄ࠤкĂྎ֍̈‫͉ڒ‬ξࢡĂĮ͚֤œҢᜋҘ࡚ఙ ̍ᘹįĞִౌĈ‫̼͛͞ڌ‬ጯੰִౌࡁտٙĂ1937ğĄ Ğˬğ ΐො Ŏ ੃ཱི۰Ăࠎ็͵Ο‫ۏ‬Ą Ğαğ ώܑፂ̈‫͉ڒ‬ξࢡᛌ‫ڦ‬ăইσჰĞdŅ Entrecolles, Fran ois Xavierğ Į઼̚౜஭֍ჷᐂį˘३ٙ ͔̝ՆϞЧΦĮమ኱͟ᄫįĂϤώ͛ү۰ຉበ҃јĄ

307