Baby's and Beyond - Volume 9 l Issue 2 by Media Xpose

VOLUME 9

INSIDE: FEATURES | COMPETITIONS | KICKS FOR KIDS | RECIPES

a family lifestyle magazine TM

www.babysandbeyond.co.za

How to raise

successful children in a competitive culture

Winter and

childhood asthma

Pregnancy after

35?

You are not alone!

June 2022 | R29.90 Incl. VAT Other Countries R26.00

Irshaad Ally

Girl dad extraordinaire

WINTER

Pain relief for kids – 5 pointers for parents 5 tips to incorporate more plant-based foods into your diet

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ed's welcome Winter gets a bad rep, but think about it – it’s the season that lounging on a couch all bundled up needs no explaining, however it can be challenging with an active child...

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inter can be an opportunity to spend more time with family, level out and have a bit more “me” time, without having to rush around to social engagements.

It is also the season many of us encounter the sniffles, and now with Covid-19, it becomes even more difficult to ascertain if it is a cold, or flu or Covid. See the article on page 58 "All you need to know about your child's cold, flu and immune system". From a fitness perspective, winter makes it extremely easy to brush away any routine, but there is really no excuse as many of us have phones and can easily download some free fitness apps that takes about 10 minutes a day. Check out the article on page 54 for some fitness tips. Winter time is also a time for retrospection and planning – it reminds us that the year is basically half done, and it’s time to hustle a bit and put foot to the pedal to achieve the goals you set out for yourself. Goals don’t necessarily need to be lofty; they can be things as simple as reading a book every month. Enjoy this winter season, and keep warm, safe, and healthy!

Tashne WIN

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95 SIZES 2–6

contents

COVER FEATURE 12

Irshaad Ally: Girl dad extraordinaire

PREGNANCY 18

Pregnancy after 35? You are not alone!

PARENTING 22 26 30

ssentials for those first weeks at home E How to raise successful children in a competitive culture Is parental influence on younger children effective in today’s societal context?

22 FINANCE

78 BEAUTY

40 Two innovative skincare products with three-times the benefits 44 Everyone’s talking about alopecia! Here’s what you need to know 48 Changes you need to make to your beauty routine when the temperature drops 4

51 How to help your adult kids to become financially independent

DEVELOPMENT

32 In the first 1 000 days, be sure to include eggs

EDUCATION 36

arly maths skills a E better predictor of academic success

52 8 Moneymanagement lessons that will set your children up for life

FITNESS

54 Summer bodies are made in winter

40 www.babysandbeyond.co.za

a family lifestyle magazine

HEALTH

58 All you need to know about your child’s cold, flu and immune system 62 Here’s to the nose, the importance of nasal hygiene 64 Tonsillitis in children 67 6 out of 10 men have low libido due to an underactive thyroid (and a tendency to gain weight) 70 Winter and childhood asthma 73 How to manage asthma in children 76 Nappy rash 101 80 Pain relief for kids – 5 pointers for parents

84 Body image: The ins and outs and its link with mental health in adolescents

NUTRITION

REGULARS

8 Snippets 16 Editor’s choice baby 38 Editor’s choice beauty 56 Home remedies 78 Editor’s choice health 96 Recipes 98 Kick for kids 100 Word search 110 Book reviews

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@BabysandBeyond

babysandbeyond

Picture Credit: 123rf.com / pixabay.com

Publisher: Elroy van Heerden elroy@mediaxpose.co.za

Sub-Editor: Tessa O'Hara tessa.ohara@gmail.com Content Manager: Wadoeda Adams artwork@mediaxpose.co.za Editorial Contributors: Dr Latiefa Vinoos Matseleng Mogodi Trish Pike Catherine Eden Dr Rabeen Lutchman Dr Eve Samson Dr Aruna Lakhan Talia Planting

WIN

88 5 tips to incorporate more plantbased foods into your diet 92 What parents need to know about teen nutrition

102 Dad’s tool hanger

6 Carlton Crescent, Parklands, 7441 | Tel: 021 424 3625 | Fax: 086 270 9693 Email: info@babysandbeyond.co.za | Website: www.mediaxpose.co.za

Editor: Tashne Singh editor@babysandbeyond.co.za

MENTAL HEALTH

DIY

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Design and Layout: Anja Bramley artwork1@mediaxpose.co.za Shaun Mays artwork2@mediaxpose.co.za Editorial Assistant: Maurisha Niewenhuys maurisha@mediaxpose.co.za Advertising Sales: Allison Davids allison@babysandbeyond.co.za Lorraine Beneke lorraine@babysandbeyond.co.za Digital Marketing Manager: Jay-Dee van Rensburg digital@mediaxpose.co.za Social Media: Kyla van Heerden social@mediaxpose.co.za Distribution & Subscriptions: Shihaam Gyer distribution@mediaxpose.co.za Website Administrator: Justin McGregor Chief Financial Officer: Shaun Mays shaun@mediaxpose.co.za Receptionist: Daniëla Daniels receptionist@mediaxpose.co.za

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Disclaimer: The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the publisher or its agents. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information published, the publisher does not accept responsibility for any error or omission contained herein. Consequently, no person connected with the publication of this journal will be liable for any loss or damage sustained by any reader as a result of action following statements or opinions expressed herein. The publisher will give consideration to all material submitted, but does not take responsibility for damage or its safe return.

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snippets - editor's choice

Fisher-Price Meditation Mouse The Meditation Mouse is Fisher-Price’s first character toy that combines a cuddly plush toy with meditation. This toy gives toddlers the tools to calm themselves in the daytime and in the evening before going to sleep. The plush toy comes with rhymes such as, “Take a deep breath, nice and slow. Breathe it all in, then let it all go. Close your eyes and try your best, it's time to help our bodies rest.” A white noise setting helps babies to put themselves to sleep, and a glowing belly light helps toddlers to sync their breathing. Perfect for ages two and older.

Nebzmart portable nebuliser Easy to use, portable Nebzmart is the take-itanywhere nebuliser. It is so quiet you hardly notice it. Small enough to fit in the palm of your hand and battery-operated, it provides advanced medicine delivery with minimal medicine wastage. It is suitable for all ages, home-use, and fits face masks for adults and children.

Bramley Tissue Oils for a smooth & supple skin Bramley’s luxurious scented tissue oils are enriched with Bio-Pharm oil, their very own unique ceramide blend that maintains a healthy appearance of the skin, assists in the treatment of scars and stretch marks, cellulite and dark spots. It hydrates and keeps skin smooth and supple, and the ceramides improve the skin’s water holding capacity (so that your skin can hold onto moisture for longer) and provide structural integrity, ensuring healthier, happier skin. These oils also contain vitamin E, which is known for its healing, soothing and antioxidant properties. Bramley Tissue oils are trusted by millions of women around the world, and are versatile, multi-purpose and affordable. To use, massage Bramley Tissue oils into your skin in a circular motion after a warm bath or shower when your pores have opened. Do this twice daily for best results.

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snippets - editor's choice

Safety first! Baby’s First Healthcare Kit (11 pieces) comes with all the tools you’ll need to properly see to your newborn’s health needs.

What’s included:

1 x Reversible case: Elegant, cube-shaped case reverses to a longer pencil case. 1 x Soft grip toothbrush: Secure-hold, soft nylon bristles. 1 x Newborn’s nasal aspirator: Small, flexible tip. 1 x Medicine dropper with spill guard: Accurate dosage readings, and a convenient plug, made without BPA. 1 x Digital thermometer with protective case: Multiple modes: oral, rectal, or underarm. 5 x Alcohol wipes: On-the-go thermometer cleaning. 1 x Emergency contact card: Compact and handy reference.

BaoCare Baby Baobab & Green Rooibos Oil – 50ml This gentle baby oil serum is made with the gentlest plant-based ingredients to give your baby’s skin all the nurturing attention it needs. It soothes irritations, insect bites, cradle cap, nappy rash, teething rash and other skin irritations common among babies.

Yenn Health Magnesium Lotion Yenn Health’s 100% natural and vegan friendly Magnesium lotion has been carefully formulated and crafted to not only nourish and moisturise your skin, but also help relax muscles and aid in their recovery after exercise. It is also very effective for muscle cramping, restless leg syndrome and growing pains. All Yenn Health products contain no parabens, no petroleum derived synthetics and no PEGS.

Childhood pain & fever:

panado® paediatric syrup, peppermint 5 ml sachets Recently launched and conveniently packaged Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Peppermint 5 ml Sachets have been made with little ones in mind. It contains paracetamol, which boasts more than 150 years of clinical experience, and is a trusted choice for many South African families to treat headaches, pain and fever. It's also gentle on little tummies. Panado® Paediatric Syrup, Peppermint 5 ml Sachets are great for on-the-go parents and super convenient for when you’re travelling those long distances!

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cover feature

Irshaad Ally:

Girl dad extraordinaire Irshaad Ally, husband, dad of two girls, actor and production company owner, talks to BABY’S & BEYOND about positive transformation, prioritising family, and particularly, building strong relationships with his daughters.

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cover feature

Your story is one of transformation – from being involved with the wrong crowd as a youth, doing hard drugs and getting arrested, to becoming a committed family man. What was the driving force behind your transformation?

It was completely my environment. I was lucky enough to find myself amongst people that always wanted to help me. Even during my rehabilitation period, I had family members that helped by taking me out of my environment, removing me from the triggers of my drug addiction. As with most drug addicts, I had extreme psychologically problems and I also didn’t have a father figure. I looked to friends and gangsters to show me what a man was – which was what I needed at 15 years old. When my family removed me from that circle and exposed me to a different environment, I learned that I could be someone different – that spearheaded my transformation.

What have been some of the biggest changes for you since marrying Ayesha and having your two daughters, Rahmah and Hanaa?

Acting is all about you, but marriage and fatherhood is about the family. People make a fuss about you being on TV, and sometimes it is difficult for actors to grapple with fame. Family grounds you and ensures that things don’t go to your head. Once you marry, you commit to someone, and you realise that it’s not all about you – you are part of a team. It is also true that being married and having children is demanding work. I am happy to say that my family is my drug now and I am getting so much out of it. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

Environment plays a crucial role in who you become – I love knowing things and am a nerd. My wife, who is a teacher

and currently pursuing a postgraduate degree, together we spend hours discussing different subjects.

What are the greatest lessons you have learned since becoming a parent?

tough on me as girls are more emotional, but I am everybody’s ‘boyfriend’ at home.

The greatest lessons are about sharing and realising that with giving comes receiving. You give to your family and somehow there is always a reward. The more you give, the more you get. I know it sounds like a cliché, but I suppose somehow, somewhere, that is the way the world works.

With a wife and two daughters, you are fairly outnumbered in the Ally household. What are the highlights of being a “girl dad”? I am the King! Yes, they argue with each other, but I am the person they come to when they need affirmation. It is a bit

How does your past shape your parenting style?

Given my experience, people might think I come from a world of gangs and drugs, but I was brought up in a fairly nurturing household. My wife comes from a very sheltered household – she has never even taken a taxi in her life, and I was a taxi ‘gaaitjie’ and a taxi driver. I try and show my daughters the nurturing world, especially now while they are so young and need to feel loved. I also try and show them the real world, and that life is tough and a mix of many things, which they need to be prepared for the future.

cover feature Why is being a hands-on dad important to you, and how does it impact your relationship with your daughters? I want my daughters to know that this is what a husband is and does, seeing that I didn’t have it with my dad as he was a very ill man. He was wheelchair-bound and died when I was 14 years old.

My dad came from a family where he had an absent father, so he didn’t really know how to be a father. I realise that I may want to overcompensate with my kids, but I want to be present; I want to be involved and available, which is not always possible due to my work. Ayesha is much more involved, but I try and spend as much time as I can with them all. I want them to remember their father as being present and available.

How does your relationship with your daughters change as they get older?

There is a difference between having a three-year-old and an eight-year-old in the house. Rahmah at eight years old is taking in a lot of information and is realising there are things happening in the world that she was not aware of before. I am going to try and let them be children for as long as possible; not baby them, but

at least not want them to adult-up too quickly. We have a rule in our home, when adults are talking, you as the child can excuse yourself.

way. That is what we need for our children and that is what every parent should aim for, to be able to rear children who will become a benefit to humanity.

With a demanding schedule, how do you ensure that you continue to prioritise your relationships with your wife and daughters?

Every day we are witness to what is happening in the world. Never in our lives have we seen so many homeless people at traffic lights or sleeping in tents all over the city. We know that something needs to be done about it. I want children who will have those kinds of things at the top of their minds; how can we help humanity to be better?

Prioritising time with family is not always easy. There are sometimes moments after you have done all your work and you really want to rest, but you remember you haven’t spent enough time with the family. I used to do this thing where I would take my journal, find a spot, and write, but I realised that I should be spending that time with my family instead. Now I spend time with the girls whenever I can and just be silly with them. Bedtime is always fun. I love it and always make time for it. We also love watching movies together. I can sing the theme song from Frozen! Now that Hanaa can sit still and watch a movie, what a jol! We often have to watch the same movies over and over, hence me knowing all their movies.

What do you hope for your daughters?

My wish for them is just that they become good people and benefit mankind in some

And obviously I want them to be happy and unafraid to go through life’s trials and tribulations so that they become wise. I often pray that God grants them good challenges but that they are also not too difficult. Make them clever and smart but don’t make the challenges too tough for them.

From being an actor you diversified into writing and producing. How does being a “creative” help define your family life?

Everything I do stems from being a creative. I come from a small conservative community with limited jobs available. I was into writing poems when I was younger, but I could never express the fact that I liked poetry and writing stories. But I was also the kid whose hand was up first when the teacher asked who wanted to read a poem. Being creative defines my family life. My daughter Rahmah, loves to write and has won an award for best author at her school. At first, I was a bit afraid of them leading the life of a creative, as it is not an easy life to live as a performer. I believe it’s good for Rahmah to exercise the right side of her brain and develop her analytical brain, which is more like Ayesha, who is an excellent maths teacher. As a creative and family man I am anxious in that I don’t want my kids to

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cover feature Even though I encourage her in her artistic endeavours, I can’t help wondering how her maths is doing and when last she worked with blocks.

be creatives or musicians and artists, but Rahmah draws all the time as she loves colours. Even though I encourage her in her artistic endeavours, I can’t help wondering how her maths is doing and when last she worked with blocks. I think together with my wife we manage it on both ends.

You describe yourself as a humanist – what does this mean?

I say humanist because I think of people first. Because that is what humanism is; that you consider people first. I could have said Muslim of which ‘mu’ means person and ‘slim’ means ‘of Islam.’ Islam is about helping people. It’s about making sure that you do right by mankind. For me it’s always people first, before anything else. If that is our point of departure then we would do much better in the world. But we don’t do that. It’s always something else first. Its money first, its network first, it’s my own little, small universe first; but if we can think humans first, mankind first, I think we would get ahead much better.

How do you define success?

Success for me is about being challenged www.babysandbeyond.co.za

enough so that I can be busy enough. Keeping my mind busy allows me to apply myself enough, at the same time doing right by whoever is around me. It’s also about dealing with people in the best way possible. We as actors have a thing about being liked. I overcame that when I realised, actors can be people pleasers as well. Yes, it is good to please other people, but you also have to ensure that you are okay with myself. There is a lot I still would like to achieve – I am currently busy producing a film. There is a lot I would like to do in terms of storytelling, in terms of family and career, and as long as I can be busy I think that’s success. I really think having a family, a wife and two kids, is something I never thought I would have, and I am very happy and grateful to God for it all.

What do people not know about Irshaad Ally? People don’t know that I am actually an introvert. I can sit in a coffee shop alone or go to the movies alone. I am a loner.

People think I have a big personality, but I don’t think so. It’s not fake. I talk and interact and be friendly, but if I don’t have to, I would rather just keep quiet, sit still and let the world pass me by and I will be happy.

What does the future hold for you?

I am unsure what the future holds for me, I suppose it could be anything. So many things are crossing my path at this very moment. I will probably stay in entertainment and telling stories, but I will also probably diversify, and that’s as much as I can say. 

editor's choice baby

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fisher-price™ 123 Crawl With Me Puppy Available at leading retailers & online at www.takealot.com

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5-in-1 stage-based play, Baby Playmat Available online at www.ohlolababy.co.za

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Mum & Cherub Baby Fragrance Free Aqueous Cream, 470ml Available at Clicks

Mum & Cherub Baby XXL Gentle Bubble Bath, 2L Available at Clicks

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Chicco Ultra Soft Baby Carrier Black Available in selected Baby City, Clicks Baby Stores, Baby’s r Us retailers and online

baby

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ABC Wooden Blocks in storage box, 48 piece Available online at www.kiddyskingdom.co.za

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editor's choice baby

R5 999

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Chicco Next2Me Magic CoSleeping Crib, Moon Grey Available in selected Baby City, Clicks Baby Stores, Baby’s r Us retailers and online

BaoCare Baby Baobab & Green Rooibos Oil, 50ml Available at Faithful To Nature, Wellness Warehouse and online at www.takealot.com

R360

2-in-1 Travel Nappy Bag Available online at www.kiddyskingdom.co.za

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Jomar Caring Cream Wash Available at selected boutique baby stores, Faithful-to-nature, and online at www.takealot.com & www.jomarbaby.com

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Huggies® Gold Giga Bag Assorted Sizes Available at Game stores nationwide

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Pampers Baby Dry or Pants Super Saver Box, assorted Sizes Available at Game stores nationwide

pregnancy

Pregnancy after 35? You are not alone! Are you considering having a baby after 35? You are not alone! Worldwide trends suggest that millennials are choosing to delay childbearing; with many starting their families in their 30’s and beyond. This is in part due to women wanting to further their education and careers, social trends, the pandemic, and challenging economic times. Whatever your reason is, we’ve got you covered. By Dr Latiefa Vinoos

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What to be aware of

pregnancy

As one reaches the age when the “biological clock” begins to tick, the conversation around age and pregnancy becomes an important one. By educating yourself about the risks associated with pregnancies at 35 and older, you can take the necessary steps to provide your baby with the best and healthiest start.

It can take you longer to fall pregnant: You are born with a limited number of eggs. The number of eggs gradually lessens with every menstrual cycle. After the age of 30, the decline is more rapid, not only affecting the quantity, but the quality (DNA and chromosomes) of the eggs as well. Due to a lack of ovulation or because of the poor quality of the eggs, fertilisation and thereby pregnancy, can be delayed. Chromosomal abnormalities are more common: Due to the reduction in the quality of the eggs, there is a higher risk of chromosomal abnormalities such as Downs Syndrome. Higher rates of pregnancy loss: There is an increased rate of miscarriage, likely caused by chromosomal abnormalities, with 90% occurring in the first trimester. Stillbirths are more common and are often associated with chronic underlying conditions such has hypertension and diabetes. Higher rates of multiple pregnancies: This can be due to the increased use of IVF technology but can occur naturally due to an

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increase in hormonal fluctuations at an older age. Although multiple pregnancies can be healthy, they are often complicated by preterm birth and other medical conditions such as gestational diabetes or pre-eclampsia. Chronic conditions: Pre-existing or gestational diabetes are more common. Uncontrolled glucose levels can lead to premature birth, poor foetal lung maturity, hypertension, or stillbirth. Babies can grow larger than usual leading to possible birth injuries. Hypertension and pre-eclampsia are more common. These conditions, if uncontrolled or unmonitored, can cause a reduction in placental function that may lead to reduced blood flow to the baby. Adverse outcomes include growth restriction, preterm birth, bleeding behind the placenta or seizures and organ damage in the mom. Higher rate of caesarean section: Older mothers are more likely to have caesarean sections because of foetal complications and underlying medical conditions.

What can I do?

pregnancy Seek advice early: If you are older than 35 and struggling to conceive after six months, seek advice early from a gynaecologist or reproductive medicine specialist. Vitamins: Take a good prenatal vitamin containing folic acid (to prevent spinal cord defects in the baby). Avoid: Alcohol, cigarettes, and other harmful substances. Vaccines: Ensure your vaccines are up to date including your Covid 19, Rubella and Flu vaccines. Chronic medical conditions: Ensure that all your chronic medical conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, or auto-immune conditions etc are well controlled. Strict control of blood pressure and glucose levels lead to healthier foetal outcomes.

Weight: Manage your preconception and pregnancy weight by ensuring a healthy diet and keeping an active lifestyle. Excessive weight gain during pregnancy is associated with a higher rate of both maternal and foetal complications. Book early: Book your first pregnancy visit at 8 weeks. This ensures adequate time to monitor your chronic conditions, adjust medication and screen for any further underlying conditions. Foetal screening: Foetal assessments include a combination of ultrasounds (done at 13 weeks and 20 weeks of pregnancy) and blood tests, to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities. Non-invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) is the drawing of a sample of the mother’s blood wherein fragments of the babies DNA are identified and examined for chromosomal abnormalities such as Downs syndrome, and Trisomy 13 and 18. This test is 99.8% accurate but comes with a hefty price tag. Foetal diagnostic tests: Invasive testing such as chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis are available but have an increased rate of miscarriage compared to the NIPT. Your doctor will be able to guide you in your decision-making process. Regular antenatal care: Regular antenatal visits are important in the early diagnosis and management of complications. This may lead to an increase in antenatal visits and foetal monitoring.

en Many wom 35 o ge f over the a e a healthy experienc and pregnancy delivery. Mom! Good luck this! t You’ve go

Preserving your fertility: Freezing your eggs or oocyte cryopreservation is available to women who delay childbearing. Eggs are removed from the ovaries and frozen. They can be used at a later stage during an IVF cycle.

Dr Latiefa Vinoos completed her undergraduate training at Stellenbosch University in 2008. She developed an interest in obstetrics and gynaecology during her internship at Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital in Soweto and subsequently completed her community service at Mowbray Maternity Hospital. Through the University of Cape Town, she went on to earn her Fellowship in obstetrics and gynaecology with a distinction in the Masters of Medicine Degree. Thereafter she worked at Groote Schuur Hospital as a consultant in the andrology lab, family planning, gynaecology outpatient, mature women and endocrine clinics. Tel: 021 506 5500 Email: info@drlatiefavinoos.co.za / drlatiefavinoos.co.za Life Vincent Pallotti Hospital, Suite 322, 3rd Floor, The Park Building

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Constipation can leave your little one’s tummy feeling

bloated and uncomfortable.1 When in need of relief from constipation, trust LACSON Syrup.

Suitable for use in children under 1 year of age 1. Healthline. Wells D. Abdominal Pain And Constipation. [updated 2019 March 07; cited 2020 July 31]. Available from https://www.healthline.com/health/abdominal-painand-constipation 2. LACSON IMS TMP MAT Data February 2022. S0 LACSON. Reg. No.: Z/11.5/0055. Each 5 ml of syrup . Trademarks are owned contains by or licensed to the Aspen Group of companies. © 2022 Aspen Group of companies or its licensor. All rights reserved. Pharmacare Limited. Co. Reg. No.:1898/000252/06. Healthcare Park, Woodlands Drive, Woodmead, 2191. ZAR-LAU-03-22-00003 03/2022

3,3 g of lactulose

Marketed by Aspen Pharmacare www.aspenpharma.com Hotline 0800 122 912

parenting

Essentials for those

first weeks at home Bringing a baby home for the first time is both a wonderful occasion, and an anxious one. The nursery may have been planned and decorated for months and the pram and car chair bought after careful consideration, but what many new parents don’t consider are the everyday items baby may need when living in their new home.

“T

he excitement over a newborn baby can often overshadow what that baby is going to need,” comments Mario Correia, brand manager for Milton and Karvol. “Often, some items are only realised to be needed at the last moment, and this is when mild panic for a new family can set in.” Correia suggests the following must haves for when the baby is welcomed into his or her new home:

Bottlebrush Karvol

When baby suffers from a stuffy nose or a cold, Karvol has been used as a trusted and effective decongestant for many years. Each capsule is filled with a combination of aromatic oils that when released as a vapour, actively works to help baby breathe more easily. Simply use one capsule to apply drops to the baby’s clothes or bedding to open up the breathing passages or add it to baby’s humidifier. The Karvol room spray can also be sprayed in the room as an extra decongestant aid.

Nappies

Although this is one item that won’t be forgotten about, it is the number of nappies that a baby needs that will astound new parents. So just to be sure, buy one more bag. Also, if using disposable nappies, there needs to be a dedicated place where they will be thrown away. Cloth nappies when soiled need to be taken care of quickly to avoid smell and mess.

A bottlebrush is needed to get into the hard-to-reach places, as well as a teat brush to clean out anything blocking the feeding hole. Bottles and brushes need to be washed well to ensure that all leftover milk is washed away.

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parenting

Bottle teats

What most new parents are not aware of is that bottle teats come in different sizes. The smaller the baby, the smaller the feeding hole. As the baby grows new teats will need to be bought to ensure that baby is getting the right amount of food needed for her.

Milton

Once the bottles are washed, they need to be placed in a Milton unit with water prepared with Milton solution. This will sterilise baby’s bottles and teats, as well as baby’s other feeding utensils, dummies, teething rings, small plastic toys and weaning items. By sterilising these items, baby will not be unnecessarily infected with any germs.

Baby nail clippers

New parents are only first confronted with how often they will need to cut their baby’s nails, when they have a baby. This is a slow-going job but will stop the baby from accidentally scratching her face if her nails are too long.

Unscented baby wipes

Baby’s skin is very sensitive and often it is best to avoid any scented baby wipes. Unscented baby wipes are just as effective and offer a level of sensitivity that baby needs.

These items, along with others, will make bringing home and living with baby much easier. Although decorating the nursery and choosing a play mat and bath toys is the fun part of being pregnant, the day-to-day items are the ones that are going to get baby and parents through each day.

Valid until 31 December 2022

parenting

How to raise

successful children in a competitive culture

Most parents want the best for their children and their education, but what does that look like in a changing world? How do we prepare our children for future success without imposing today’s toxic achievement culture on them?

e spoke to Jackie Cook, veteran teacher, and Chief Operating Officer at Teneo, Africa's leading online school, on how children today can be best supported in constructive ways. Apart from managing a school of 500 teachers and 9 000 learners, Cook is also the mother of two teenagers – challenging roles that have forged some real-life wisdom about how to recognise and nurture a child’s potential.

When a child is an outlier, it can create challenges within the system.

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parenting

In your experience, how do we lay a solid foundation for our children’s success?

The first thing parents need to realise is that every child is a unique individual whose cognitive, psychological, emotional, and physical development is determined by their unique makeup and circumstances. Starting before birth and shaped by a million different factors in life, each child in a family or a class will develop differently. Just think about it – different babies walk and talk at different ages, so why would we force them to conform? It’s very important not to compare children to one another, but rather to have a balanced approach to measuring each child’s individual progress and milestones. Also, never compare boys and girls – they develop at differing rates. Love, honour and respect each child for who they are and what their unique abilities are, teach them a healthy work ethic, and encourage them to take responsibility for giving their personal best in whatever they choose to do.

How should parents and teachers deal with individual levels of achievement at school? Most schools are geared towards creating norms and standards to make teaching more manageable. When a child is an outlier, it can create challenges within the system. For instance, if a child is ahead of his or her peers academically, should we allow them to skip a grade?

It may be true that the child is ahead in mathematics, but it’s always wise to have the child assessed by trained professionals in terms of where he or she is rating on his emotional, social and physical development, speech, and other factors – and we may in fact find that it will do the child no favours to be moved ahead,

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because of where he or she is in their development in other areas.

their unique progress. Remember, if you can measure it, you can manage it.

It’s best to nurture a child holistically, and not to fixate on where they can achieve 100% and push them too hard in that direction, to the detriment of the other facets of their unique makeup and development.

How can we support our children in the age of online schooling?

In fact, it’s important to realise that in one instance 60% may be a major achievement because the child worked hard to achieve that – and this result may in fact be more praiseworthy than a 90% mark achieved effortlessly elsewhere. The important thing is to be aware of each child’s development and to measure

Online schooling may seem impersonal, but it can be quite the opposite. Online classes are often quite intimate and online schools can be good at tailoring support for each child based on their unique learning styles and aptitudes. With online schools, whether they are asynchronous (where children learn at their own pace with digital resources) or synchronous (with real teachers who teach in real-time, but with each lesson still recorded), an online bank of content is

parenting available for each student. With learning materials readily available, some children can work ahead a little, while there are rewatchable lessons for those who need more revision. Sensory overload can also be managed more easily by switching cameras and microphones on or off based on a child’s individual needs. Each child does not have to “sit still and shut up” so that a teacher can manage the class. They can fidget without bothering others if it helps them concentrate. The key, however, is that parents must remain involved and interested, and regularly check in on their children’s progress. Having access to your child’s work, learning resources and grades in real-time is very empowering for parents.

What are the effects of overbearing parenting?

If parents insist on straight As, it can cause anxiety, depression, burnout and even trauma in children. Pushing a child can become toxic if you expect them to do more than they are capable of. It can also be very detrimental if you do everything for your child to make better grades, because children need to learn independence and self-efficacy. Instead, we should encourage children to measure up against themselves. Incentivising your children – dangling carrots instead of using sticks – to encourage them to keep improving is a positive system to implement. It shows you are involved and interested, and you are preparing your child for the world of work where they need to earn promotions.

Incremental improvements and a good work ethic over time should be encouraged and celebrated. Studies also show us that children do better when they have parents who attend parent-teacher meetings, and who take an interest in what their children are learning and reading. Many highly intelligent children are able to achieve straight As without any effort in high school, having learnt how to play the system, only to bomb out at university. Children who on the other hand consistently work hard throughout high school – who don’t necessarily stand out as academic stars but are dedicated – often do better later in life. You’ll often hear stories that those people become top CEOs and leaders in their field.

What is the single most important piece of advice you have for parents?

The gold standard of good parenting (and teaching) is to always protect your children’s self-esteem. If we force our children to do maths and physics when all they want to do is art and drama, we will damage their self-esteem. If we never allow our children to fail, make a mess, and grow, we will destroy their self-esteem. All learning comes from mistakes – the important thing is that they explore, play, and learn to fail forward which means getting up and trying again. If you push your child to become a prefect or play A team cricket, because it’s your own unfulfilled dream, and they have no interest in that, you will destroy your relationship with your child. Of course, we want to see our children being successful, but they have their own lives and interests – and you can really help your children to succeed at anything in life if you teach them time management, grit, independence, and a good work ethic. We also need to teach our children that therapy can be valuable when they need extra support. Children thrive when they feel supported. 

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parenting

Is parental influence on

younger children effective in today’s societal context?

Being a parent or legal guardian often requires you to be constantly aware of your influence on a child, more so in their developmental stages, and often up to the pre-teen as well as teenage stage. A key question would then be, do parents need to adapt their parenting styles or perspectives in line with what is at play in today’s societal context given the fluid and complex nature of children? By Matseleng Mogodi

healthy environment where children and parents effectively communicate with each other, where values and expectations are shared, allows for far more meaningful relations. Furthermore, a Stanford University-led study recently conducted in California in the US, highlighted the importance of parents enabling their children to take the lead at times and where applicable parental leadership be applied when deemed necessary. According to an education professor at the university, Jelena Obradovic, an enormous amount of parental involvement can become a negative element – for instance, when a child is focused on an activity, it can undermine their behavioural development. It was also observed by researchers who conducted the study that parents’ behaviour when kindergarden-age children were actively engaged in an activity made it difficult at times for them to fully be present as this affected their focus.

An intricate balance between children’s desires and parental expectations Nevertheless, there is a need for an intricate balance between children’s desires and parental expectations. What creates the biggest problems is that parents have expectations and children have their own minds. As parents, we may still be stuck in the old model of what we think works and thus in the process we impact the progress and potential of our children. Parents need to ensure they educate themselves more about what children of this current generation require from them as parents. Parents do not necessarily know more, but what they do have is more

infor mation accumulated over many years’ experiences. Parental influence on children often tends to create difficulties when it comes to regulating a child’s behaviour and emotions in certain moments. This also affects a child during tasks which measure delayed gratification, as well as other exclusive functions and skills associated with impulse control and the ability to switch between competing demands for attention. It is also often found that this phenomenon occurs across all socio-economic landscapes since human beings are complex across all fronts. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

parenting

Parents should ensure they do not overly influence their children’s attitudes to life It has become essential for parents to ensure they do not overly influence their children’s attitudes to life. A prime example is parental experiences regarding education, which influences a young child’s likelihood of wanting to stay within the educational system and eventually further their studies. The relationship between parents and children becomes a key predictor when

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it comes to their wellbeing. Family harmony and parents who are willing to grant autonomy to their children, ensures a young person’s resilience to challenges as an adult where accountability will be even heavier on them.

that has not worked for them. We do not teach what works, we live it, and our children will also live it. Parents can guide but must work on reducing their influence on children so that the children can thrive and become who they were meant to become.

So, if you think about it, many people, including parents, try to forcefully teach and instil something in their children

The world needs different human beings, for different roles, because being different brings balance. 

development

In the first 1 000 days, be sure to include eggs

In the 1 000 days between a woman’s pregnancy and her child’s second birthday, a healthy, balanced diet is essential for the optimal development of her baby. And at the heart of this diet is the humble egg.

esearch in the fields of early childhood development, neuroscience and biology have provided great insight into just how critical this period – dubbed the ‘first 1000 days’ - is as a window of opportunity for the healthy growth and development of a child. During pregnancy and early childhood, the body's cells and tissues grow rapidly, both in size and number. This is also when the child’s brain grows faster than any other time in life, developing critical motor functions like balance, coordination, and posture. In the toddler years, a child’s brain and body continue to grow and develop at a rapid pace.3, 4

Eggs are an optimal source of nutrition during this period. One large egg contains 13 nutrients, including iron, zinc, vitamin B12, and biotin, and 7g of protein. Protein is essential to healthy brain development, and provides the building blocks for muscle, growth, and a healthy immune system.

contribute to healthy brain development and function, according to research.7 Just one egg contains all the choline that a 6-12-month-old child needs. Yet despite these great benefits, 9 in 10 pregnant women consume too little choline.8

Eggs are also one of the best food sources of choline, an underappreciated yet vital nutrient for cell function, brain development, and the prevention of birth defects.

The importance of good nutrition during the first 1 000 days cannot be understated. Carbohydrates, fats, and protein, coupled with vitamins and minerals support the child’s cognitive abilities, motor skills, and even social development.3, 4

For pregnant and breastfeeding mothers, just two large eggs contain half the amount of choline needed per day. Eating eggs early in childhood, thanks to the choline, could

Good nutrition, in turn, may impact a child’s future success in school, leading to better economic opportunities later in life.

9 in 10 pregnant women consume too little choline

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What mom eats during pregnancy can influence a child’s lifelong eating patterns

A pregnant mother’s diet that is lacking in any vital nutrient could significantly impact the health of her child, presently and long-term. Also, studies have even shown that what is eaten during pregnancy by the mother, and in the early eating years of the child, can influence a child’s food preference and lifelong eating patterns.5 If a child’s rapidly developing brain is defenceless to the poor and inadequate nutrition that comes with hunger and food insecurity, this damage may affect the child’s ability to grow, learn and thrive, profoundly and irreversibly. Damage to a child’s growing brain could affect the child’s ability to do well and concentrate at school, and ultimately, the chance to earn a good living one day. In vulnerable areas, this makes it an even bigger challenge for a young adult to rise out of poverty. Added to this, we also know how poor nutrition (both overnutrition and undernutrition) can set the stage for obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and other chronic diseases, leading to a lifetime of health problems.6 Through pregnancy to toddlerhood in the first 1 000 days, a foundation of good nutrition is clearly fundamental. As part of this foundation, be sure to include eggs as part of a healthy and balanced diet.  Like EGGcellentFood on Facebook and follow them on Instagram eggcellentfoodsa. For further information visit www.sapoultry.co.za References: 1. 1000 Days. Available from: https://thousanddays.org/. Accessed on 10 February 2022. 2. Iannotti, L. L., Lutter, C. K., Stewart, C. P., Gallegos Riofrıo, C. A., Malo, C., Reinhart, G., Waters, W. F. (2017). Eggs in early complementary feeding and child growth: A randomized controlled trial. Paediatrics, 140(1). 3. Ogata B, Deucht SA, Lucas BL. Nutrition in Childhood In: Mahan LK, Raymond JL, editors. Krause’s Food and the Nutrition Care Process. 14th ed. St Louis, Missouri: Saunders Elsevier; 2016;314 – 330. 4. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Nutrition Guidance for Healthy Children Ages 2 to 11 Years. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014;114:1257-1276. 5. Ventura AK, Phelan S, Garcia KS. Maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation and child food preferences, dietary patterns, and weight outcomes: a review of recent research. Current Nutrition Reports. 2021;10:413-426. 6. Neuhouser ML. The importance of healthy dietary patterns in chronic disease prevention. Nutrition Research. 2019;70:3-6. 7. Iannotti, L. L., Lutter, C. K., Waters, W. F., Gallegos Riofrıo, C. A., Malo, C., Reinhart, G., Stewart, C. P. (2017). Eggs early in complementary feeding increase choline pathway biomarkers and DHA: A randomized controlled trial in Ecuador. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 106, 1482–1489. https://doi. org/10.3945/ajcn.117.160515 8. Wallace TC, Fulgoni VL. Usual Choline Intakes Are Associated with Egg and Protein Food Consumption in the United States. Nutrients, 2017; 9, 839. doi:10.3390/nu9080839.

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FRESH EGGS NOURISH THE BODY AND MIND

The SMILEstones at the heart

of every Fisher-Price toy The first giggle, the first time they roll over, their first steps… your little one will reach such joy-inducing milestones – or SMILEstones – in the first few years of their lives.

o Fisher-Price, these development skills are so important, they sit at the very heart of our Play Lab child research, where toys are put through their paces by the real experts: the kids! Developmental SMILEstones, and the toys designed for them

0-3 months

• Your little one will begin returning emotions, smiles, and holding eye contact. • Able to lift their head, extend their legs, and briefly grasp objects. • Cognitively, babies will be able to look at objects, listen to sounds and recognize smells.

6-9 months

• Recognising family members starts now. • Beginning to clap their hands and sit up without any support.

Choose busy activity toys with lots to explore. Toys that encourage crawling, such as balls, things that move, or vehicle play, are also ideal at this stage.

Give your little one objects for watching, about 20-25cm from their eyes. Choose toys with different textures and shapes for babies to feel.

Try objects that move, such as balls or toys with wheels. They love exploring on their own, pushing buttons, pulling objects, and touching different textures.

12+ months

3-6 months

9-12 months

• Expect some giggling during playtime. • Head-turning in all directions and rolling over. • Imitation of sounds and actions and exploring different textures and objects. Play peek-a-boo. Choose toys of different textures and bright colours.

• Your little one will love playing games such as hide and seek and peek-a-boo. • They'll begin to crawl, cruising along furniture, and also start turning the pages of a book. • They'll be able to point to named objects and understand simple commands.

• Toddlerhood here we come, with affection shown. Hugs, smiles, and pats especially towards parents. • Keep your camera handy, this is when baby will take their first steps. • They're off! Babies at this age love to explore environments and they'll be able to say words like 'mama' and 'dada'. Try pull-push toys on wheels with fun noises and actions, as well as foot-tofloor ride-on with storage, or tunnels for crawling.

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Kuraflo® Mesh Nebuliser has up to 7000 laser-drilled holes, creating even finer mist, allowing for better and more absorption of medication into the lungs.

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education

Early maths skills a better predictor of academic success

Maths is not only important for success in some areas of academic study, but also vital to our lives on every level. Maths is a fundamental part of human thought and logic and is integral to attempts to understand the world and ourselves. By Trish Pike, Director of Teaching & Curriculum Development at Advantage Learn

hile many people may complain that maths is boring or complicated, the truth is that a life devoid of maths means that we go around experiencing the world on a much less interesting level than we could. For many parents though, maths is a nuisance. Many of us hated maths in school and that residual dislike can carry through to our children. However, research suggests early maths skills are a better predictor of academic success than early reading skills. Children start using maths from very early on – counting, matching, sorting, ordering, or finding patterns. When a child gets used to recognising numbers or identifying shapes while doing everyday tasks with their family, they are much more confident when introduced to maths in a more structured context at school. Maths scares a lot of parents because of their own experiences with the subject. Unfortunately, this isn't something that goes away easily, and it is difficult for parents to get around this. Often then, parents tell their children about their own bad maths experiences and that effectively gives your child a way out of doing well in the subject. But, if you want your child to succeed academically, as a worker and a functioning adult in the 21st Century, you need to be positive about maths. Take the maths journey with your child because it is vital to their success later in life.

The most important year for maths

I cannot emphasise enough that success in the first year of maths in high school is key. A positive approach to Grade 8 maths is vital – as soon as a child gets below 80% in a test in the first year of maths in high school, intervention is needed immediately. It is no good leaving it until Grade 10, it’s simply too late then. As we all know, to do well in anything requires a lot of practice. As a parent, particularly, in the first year of high school, time should be spent making sure every exercise is completed. So often a response from a child is “there is no maths homework”. The parent should then take the initiative to give them maths practice. Initially, there will be frustration, but they will soon see how much better they do. It isn't enough that parents just want to help, they need to provide their children with additional examples and practice questions. The best way to do this is to find online resources or textbooks, and textbooks specifically that have the answers in them. This will enable the child to practice and check their answers, empowering them to answer questions in the classroom. In the 21st Century, it is a no-brainer to leave school with a decent maths result. Once you have this, so many doors

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education

of opportunity open to you outside of school. When I say a decent result, I mean above 70% for maths. The big thing is to remember that you are never going to get away from mathematics. This result is of course important for university applications, but aside from this, some companies are using maths in job aptitude assessments as a vetting system.

Here are just a few reasons why maths is good for you •

•

Research indicates that children who know maths can recruit certain brain regions more reliably, and have greater grey matter volume in those regions, than those who perform more poorly in maths. You use it every day. Maths can be helpful for balancing your budget because you will have a good understanding of how to make sure that your costs are less than the money you have. Maths helps us think analytically

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•

and have better reasoning abilities. Analytical thinking refers to the ability to think critically about the world around us and reasoning is our ability to think logically about a situation. Maths is used in practically every career in some way. Even operating a cash register requires that one understands basic arithmetic. People working in a factory must be able to do mental arithmetic to keep track of the parts on the assembly line. To live in a mathematically driven world and not know maths is like walking through an art museum with your eyes closed. Learning and appreciating maths can help you appreciate things that you would not otherwise notice about the world Maths is the universal language. A maths equation doesn’t need to be translated to another language to be understood by someone on the other side of the planet.

Online maths resources

When it comes to finding online resources to build on what your children have learned, make sure you are going to a trustworthy site. Read reviews of others who have used this resource and make sure that your child is using these resources to go through topics they will be covering in class each term. Advantage Learn offers Maths Online for individuals and the Neo Series for schools, both of which are CAPS-aligned Grade 8 to 12 maths learning paths covering the entire core mathematics and mathematical literacy curricula. This includes online technical support, video lessons, downloadable worksheets, practice exercises and progress tracking for parents, educators, and learners. For schools, this also includes access to a textbook that works hand-in-hand with digital resources to ensure the ideal mix of blended learning resources that aid learners both in and out of the classroom. 

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beauty

By bringing your skin’s natural moisture to the surface, glycerine helps reduce the look of all those signs of ageing like fine lines and wrinkles.

Two innovative skincare products with three-times the benefits 40

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beauty Glycerine, tissue oil and petroleum jelly, are three deceivingly simple, yet powerful skincare ingredients. Clere, understanding the benefits of all three has combined them to create two innovative products, Gly-Co-Jelly, and Gly-Co-Oil.

“W

e are excited to launch our new offering into the glycerine, tissue oil and petroleum jelly categories,” says brand manager Themba Ndlovu. “Many people don’t realise the intense skincare benefits these three ingredients provide. These two products highlight these and more.” Gly-Co-Jelly provides 48 hours of moisture and will instantly nourish your skin, help lock in moisture and restore and revive dry, ashy skin, leaving it feeling silky soft. Gly-Co-Oil has been specifically formulated to reduce the appearance of stretch marks and revitalise dehydrated skin. Ndlovu goes into more detail about how each ingredient benefits the skin: Glycerine – A humectant that helps retain moisture; it keeps everything moisturised without compromising any of the other ingredients in the product. All skin types can use glycerine and benefit from it. Not only does glycerine moisturise the skin, but it also pulls moisture up from the lower levels of the skin (the dermis) to the upper levels (the epidermis), essentially allowing the skin to help moisturise itself. It is gentle on sensitive skin and can help alleviate temporary skin discomfort by assisting in maintaining the skin’s protective layer of moisture. Its hydrating properties help create a smoother looking appearance, keeping the skin looking young and vibrant. By bringing your skin’s natural moisture to the surface, glycerine helps reduce the look of all those signs of ageing like fine lines and wrinkles.

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Petroleum jelly – Dating back to 1865, when chemist Robert Chesebrough patented the petroleum jelly formula to heal dry skin, its thick consistency works wonders on the skin, especially when the weather turns colder.

Tissue oil can also be added into your daily moisturiser. Natural oils keep skin moist and hydrated by reducing evaporation so by adding tissue oil to your moisturiser, it’s possible to increase both its richness and its effectiveness. 

Petroleum jelly is non-comedogenic, so it is safe for all skin types. However, it is most beneficial for dryness. Softening severely cracked, dry, and inflamed areas, it works by preventing loss of water in the skin, allowing natural oils to nourish and repair. Smooth over cracked heels or dry elbows, slip on a pair of socks, go to sleep, and wake up to healthy, hydrated skin. Tissue oil – This head-to-toe, multipurpose solution can be used for just about anything. Most commonly used to treat the appearance of stretch marks, it increases the elasticity of the skin allowing it to stretch and relax without leaving any physical signs of the process. By discouraging the overproduction of sebum, an oily substance in the skin that can cause acne and other dermal conditions, tissue oil can help reduce the appearance of acne scarring.

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beauty

Everyone’s talking about alopecia!

Here’s what you need to know

The 2022 Academy Awards ceremony will go down as one of the most infamous events in Hollywood history. It will forever be remembered as the night in which renowned actor Will Smith slapped comedian Chris Rock on stage after Rock made a joke about Smith’s wife, Jada Pinkett-Smith’s, shaved head. By Sunpac

ad she shaved her head to make a beauty or fashion statement, the night may have taken a completely different turn, but in the hours following the ceremony, the public learnt that the reason for her shaved head was alopecia, an autoimmune disorder that causes severe hair loss. In the days that followed, the word “alopecia” was on everyone’s lips. Did you know that following the incident, the phrase “what is alopecia” was the number one searched question on Google in South Africa, for the entire month of March? But what exactly is alopecia and how does one get it? According to WebMD: “Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder that causes your hair to come out, often in clumps.” It can affect the hair on the head as well as the hair on the body and it can be permanent or temporary. An autoimmune disease is one in which the body’s immune system attacks the body’s healthy cells. In the case of alopecia, the body attacks the hair follicles, resulting in hair loss.

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beauty 4 Main causes

While there is still a lot that doctors don’t know about alopecia, they’ve been able to identify four main causes: 1. Genetics and hormones Androgenic alopecia, also known as male pattern baldness or female pattern baldness, is the most common type of alopecia and this is often times genetic or attributed to hormonal changes. 2. Stress This type of alopecia is called telogen effluvium, and it refers to sudden hair loss due to the excessive shedding of resting or telogen hair after a shock to the system. Causes may include things like childbirth, medication, excessive stress, and physical trauma. 3. Nutrition Nutritional deficiencies, including that of very low iron and vitamin D, could cause alopecia. 4. Thyroid problems The thyroid is a gland in the neck that controls metabolism-related hormones. Both an overactive and an underactive thyroid can cause hair loss and trigger alopecia.

Be gentle with your hair

The rougher you are with your hair, the more likely it will break or fall out. The key is to be gentle, always. Never brush your hair when it is wet (as that is when it is most vulnerable), pat your hair dry with a towel rather than rubbing it dry and use heat styling tools sparingly.

It’s normal to lose around 50 to 100 hairs per day. If your hair is falling out in clumps or if you notice bald patches or a receding hairline, it’s best to consult your medical practitioner. They’ll be able to determine the cause of the hair loss and assist with treatment options. While many types of hair loss (such as hair loss caused by genetics or hormones) are not preventable, some types of hair loss are preventable. Taking good care of your hair and scalp and avoiding friction and tugging can go a long way in preserving your hair and follicles. The following tips may help you avoid preventable types of hair loss.

Comb your hair with a wide-toothed comb or a brush designed for gentle detangling, to prevent breakage and pulling at the root. We love Evolve’s Detangling Brush. It safely detangles hair with minimal tension and is effective on textured, curly, coily and wavy hair. If you’re going to blow-dry or heat style your hair, always apply a thermal protection product before you do so. We recommend Hask Biotin Boost 5-In-1 Leave-In Spray. This leave-in spray thickens and adds body, provides thermal protection, controls frizz and adds shine, prevents breakage, and detangles and moisturises. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

beauty Care for your scalp

Sometimes we get so wrapped up in caring for the lengths of our hair, that we forget about our scalps. A healthy, happy scalp is essential for healthy hair growth. A weekly scalp scrub helps stimulate blood flow to the area and removes dead and dry skin cells that can cause irritation and flakiness. Try Umberto Giannini Scalp Scrub Exfoliating Anti-Dandruff Treatment. Packed with natural exfoliants from super fruit enzymes and micro grains of natural walnut shell, this 97% natural clinically proven formula removes dead skin cells, bacteria, and excess oils to prevent flakes and restore a clear and healthy scalp. To nourish the scalp, we recommend following your scrub with a scalp mask or treatment. Marc Anthony Scalp Detox Roller Treatment provides instant cooling relief for a dry and irritated scalp. This scalp treatment contains peppermint oil and witch hazel, which leave your scalp feeling refreshed. If you prefer an oil formulation, try Cantu She Butter Tea Tree & Jojoba Hair & Scalp Oil. It uses the power of some of nature’s most moisturising oils to help protect dry and damaged hair from breakage, and conditions the scalp to support healthy hair growth.

Protect your hair from friction

Over time, tension hairstyles such as braids can lead to hair loss along the hairline. If possible, try to minimise the frequency in which you wear tension hairstyles, and ask your stylist to be careful not to braid too tightly.

Use growth-promoting hair care products A good quality shampoo, conditioner and weekly hair treatment will go a long way in keeping your hair and scalp healthy. Invest in a regime specifically designed to promote hair growth, like The Perfect Hair’s Grow On The Go range. This hair care range is dedicated to promoting and stimulating hair growth whilst taking care of your hair needs with deeply nourishing natural ingredients. Marc Anthony’s Grow Long Shampoo and Conditioner contains caffeine, ginseng, and vitamin E to nourish and repair each strand of hair, and to promote longer, stronger, healthier hair that is soft, silky, smooth and shiny. Hair Res-q Shampoo and Conditioner uses clinically tested peptides and proteins to address thinning hair with natural ingredients, without the use of harmful chemicals. Use with Hair Res-q Follicle Stimulator, which uses clinically tested active peptides to block DHT, which can cause hair loss. These plant-based peptides combine with natural ingredients like Biotin and Caffeine to energise the scalp and promote healthy hair growth. While not all forms of hair loss can be prevented, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and hair care regime can go a long way in promoting healthy hair growth and minimising the risk of preventable hair loss. 

Win

Hair Care Hamper worth R1389.85 • 1x Umberto Giannini Scalp Scrub Exfoliating AntiDandruff R170.00 • 1x Evolve Wide Edge Satin Bonnet From R170.00 (Colour may vary) • 1x Cantu Tea Tree and Jojoba oil From R170.00 • 1x Hair ResQ Shampoo R189.95 • 1x Hair ResQ Conditioner R189.95 • 1x Hair ResQ Follicle Stimulator R499.95

You might also want to invest in a good quality satin bonnet or hair wrap to protect your hair at night. Evolve Wide Edge Satin Bonnet features a fitted "edge" band to keep edges smooth and secure at night. Satin material is secured on inside of the bonnet to protect natural and relaxed styles, roller sets and braids.

To ENTER scan the QR code with your phone and complete the entry form online at www.mediaxpose. co.za/babys-and-beyond-publication-page/ competitions/ T&Cs apply. Competition closes 31 August 2022.

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beauty

Changes you need to make to your

beauty routine when the temperature drops By Sunpac

When it comes to beauty, there’s more to a season change than swapping out shades of eyeshadow and lipstick. As it gets colder, you need to consider that changes in temperature can have a major effect on the skin. This affects not only the health and texture of the skin, but also your makeup application.

ake these small changes to your daily beauty routine to keep your skin soft, healthy and moisturised as we head into the colder months.

Increase hydration

We typically associate dry and dehydrated skin with winter, but our skin can start to lose moisture from the beginning stages of autumn. If your summer skincare regime consisted of lighter lotions and gel cleansers, you might want to switch to richer creams and milky or creamy cleansers for the colder months. Look for products containing hyaluronic acid, an excellent hydrator that helps add and lock moisture into the skin. We recommend Creightons H2O Boost Overnight Mask.

This nourishing cream with hyaluronic acid a works overnight to improve skin’s elasticity and intensely hydrate, so you can wake up to a dewy, revitalised complexion.

Add a serum to your skincare regime

If your regime doesn’t already include a serum, now is the time to add one. Applied after cleansing and toning and before your moisturiser, serums contain targeted ingredients that help address specific concerns, be it dryness, pigmentation, or breakouts. For an added hydration boost, invest in a good quality

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beauty serum and allow it to absorb for a minute or two before following with a hydrating moisturiser. If your complexion tends to get a little dull during winter, try a radiance-promoting serum like Creightons 2% Vitamin C Serum. It melts into the skin releasing beneficial ingredients like vitamin C, natural fruit acids and enzymes, to hydrate and enhance your natural glow.

If hydration is a bigger concern, try Creightons H2O Boost Hyaluronic Serum. It helps instantly boost the skin’s hydration levels and renews dehydrated skin.

Don’t forget to exfoliate

Regular exfoliation is beneficial all year round, but it’s especially important in autumn and winter when skin gets drier and is more likely to experience clogged pores due to dry and dead skin cells accumulating on the surface on the skin. Instead of a physical scrub, we recommend using an exfoliating pad that contains a chemical or enzymatic exfoliating ingredient. It’s gentler on the skin and offers a deeper exfoliation.

NIP+FAB Glycolic Fix Daily Cleansing Pads are soaked in 2.8% glycolic acid to retexture, resurface, and exfoliate the skin for a smoother-looking appearance and increased radiance.

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Switch to liquid makeup formulas

Powder foundation, blush, bronzer, and highlighter is great during summer, because the powder formula helps absorb some of the excess moisture and shine on the skin. It also stays in place better than liquid formulas do, as it doesn’t melt as easily when exposed to heat. In winter, you may want to swap out your powder formulas for liquid formulas, as they are more hydrating on drier winter skin. Plus, if your skin is already a little bit dry, a powdery texture will exaggerate the dryness, leaving your skin texture looking flaky. We recommend wet n wild PhotoFocus Dewy Foundation for a dewy finish that will enhance your skin’s radiance.

Replace your mattifying primer with an illuminating or hydrating one

Mattifying primer formulas are great to control shine during summer, but in winter they can leave skin looking dull. Opt for a hydrating or illuminating formula instead. After all, skin needs a little bit of help when it comes to maintaining its luminosity in the colder months, plus the more hydration you can sneak into your regime, the better. Try wet n wild PrimeFocus Primer Serum. This lightweight, ultra-hydrating water-based serum creates the perfect canvas for a smooth, even complexion, allowing your foundation to glide on effortlessly for a luminous, flawless finish.

Go for gloss

Matte lipstick looks fantastic, but it can have a drying effect on even the supplest of lips. If your lips are prone to dryness, flaking or cracking during winter, swap out your matte lipstick for a glossy formula instead. Glossy lipsticks typically offer more hydration and don’t have a drying effect. Try wet n wild Megalast High Shine Lipstick, a nourishing, luscious lipstick infused with lip-loving ingredients including murumuru butter, mango butter, and sunflower and watermelon seed oils. If lip gloss consistency is more your thing, try wet n wild Megalast Liquid Catsuit Hi Shine Lipstick. It combines the comfort and shine of a gloss with the high-pigment of a lipstick, giving your lips brilliant, high-shine and ultra-pigmented lip lacquer to deliver a mirror-like gloss finish. It’s infused with lip-loving ingredients to provide superior moisture. 

finance

How to help your adult kids to become financially independent Many adult children in South Africa live with their parents, for both cultural and financial reasons. This can suit both parties for a time – but how do you encourage your grown-up kids to become self-sufficient when this is clearly needed? Are there ways to nudge them towards financial independence, both for their sake, and for yours? By JustMoney

hese are undoubtedly challenging times for young people. Many South Africans lack education, skills, and basic means of support. Nearly two-thirds of young adults aged 15-24 years are unemployed, along with close to 43% of those aged 25-34 years. The pandemic and state of disaster have also affected those who were on the first rung of independence. Traditional students’ jobs such as waitering, bar-keeping and babysitting fell away, and retrenchment became a reality for some young people already in the job market. “It is never too early to start educating a child about money matters and, in due course, setting boundaries. While it’s acceptable to help adult children occasionally or on a short-term basis, the bank of mom and dad cannot remain open forever,” Shafeeka Anthony, Marketing Manager of JustMoney. JustMoney.co.za gives some advice on how to put adult children on the path to financial independence. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

1. Explain your motivation

Clarify that you are encouraging your kids to become self-sufficient because this will ultimately help them in life. You are doing so because you love and care for them.

2. Set a deadline

If your adult child has recently qualified, it helps to set a date for when you will no longer pay for their phone bill or provide a monthly allowance. This gives them time to prepare emotionally and practically and is preferable compared to abruptly cutting off their money supply.

3. Put their skills to work

If your child already has a skill, such as coding, they need to make an active effort to land a job, such as web development. They can build confidence and networks by contributing to open-source projects and joining hackathons, usually hosted by tech companies, to collaborate with other programmers over a short period on a project.

4. Teach budgeting

Involve your adult child in the household planning so that they are fully aware of what it costs to run a home. Young adults are often more technically adept than their parents. There are plenty of free budget calculators and other financial tools online.

5. Pass on basic savings and investment rules

Teach children about key concepts such as compound interest, so that they understand how investment earnings are reinvested over time to generate more money. They can also create a mock investment account on an app.

6. Cultivate positive values

Research shows that fostering an attitude of gratitude helps one to feel more positive and upbeat. Volunteering their time teaches children the benefits of helping other people and reminds them of the many advantages they enjoy compared to those who are less fortunate.

7. Set goals

Encourage your children to think about their goals and what is important to them. What lifestyle do they aspire to and what practical steps do they need to take to get there? Discuss good role models and how these people have achieved their dreams.

8. Prepare for your own retirement

Actions speak louder than words. Discuss your own hopes for the future and how you are preparing for when you are no longer working. Ensure that you have an up-to-date will. 

finance

Money-management lessons that will set your children up for life

It’s a fact: children learn from their parents. So, before you dispense financial guidance, take a moment to examine your own relationship with money. Do you have a budget? Are you in debt? On what do you spend money? By Catherine Eden

f you can help your children grasp the concepts of prioritising, investing in their future and living within their means, they will thank you one day for the skills you have shared. Not sure where to begin? Use these tips to get the budget ball rolling in your home.

Identify values

People spend disposable income on what they value most. Your children have different personalities and preferences. What would they like to save for? To encourage impulse spenders to save for a special item, give them a target and pledge to match it. Show your children that spending a little of what they have can buy them a whole lot of fun. It’s all about balance.

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finance

Give them control

It’s not how much pocket money they get that matters. It’s the concept of having a modest sum that they can spend as they please.

Explain value for money and the idea of saving for something worth having. Discuss their choices, but let them make their own. They’ll soon learn not to waste money on worthless junk. Hard lessons teach us not to repeat mistakes.

Encourage them to save

Provide a piggy bank or set up a bank account for children who decide to save some pocket money. Explain how interest works and keep a record of their savings in a notebook or on a spreadsheet so that they can see how the total grows. Even if it’s just a few rands a month, putting a little aside teaches children to plan for the future.

Distinguish between 'need' and 'nice to have' Children are bombarded with marketing. But they must learn that they can’t have everything they see.

Remind them that they have what they need and that the nice-to-have may appear on their birthday – or they can spend their savings. The craze will probably pass, but if they are willing to wait or buy it themselves, chances are they will value the item more.

Demonstrate affordability

Small children love to play shop. It’s an excellent way for them to learn the relative cost and affordability of items. Set out differently priced treats on a tray and give them enough money to buy one or two. They will learn to be discerning. Is it worth spending R1 on a cupcake when marshmallows are just 20c each? Decisions, decisions!

Create earning opportunities

Set age-appropriate chores for your children (tidy your room, feed the cat, bring in the laundry), so that they learn about contributing to the household. Pay them for doing chores – washing windows, the dog or the car – to teach them that it takes time and effort to generate income. They will grasp the meaning of “money doesn’t grow on trees” when they have had a taste of working for it.

Expose them to investments

Consider giving your teens a small monthly investment allowance, in addition to pocket money. Discuss trends and their concerns, and suggest a few promising investment options. Perhaps they’d like to invest in companies that are solving climate change, thereby supporting a good cause while hopefully making money for their university education. It’s a great way to learn about risk, as well as about what you can gain if you practise a little patience.

Teach them to share

A good way to teach your children the concept of 'enough' is to ask them to donate one toy or possession before a new one is bought. Using some of what you have to benefit others is an important life lesson, even if you have very little. Explain the flow of giving and receiving, rather than hoarding. 

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fitness

Summer bodies are made in

winter

Ah, winter! The perfect season to wrap yourself up in layers and find some cosy spots to enjoy some hearty meals! But just because it is winter does not mean that exercise needs to be thrown out… Fitness is about consistency. Here are some tips to stay in (or get into) top-tip shape!

Keep moving

One of the great things about winter is climbing onto a couch with comfort food in front of a warm roaring fire. While there is nothing wrong with this, it is critical to maintain your exercise regime even if it’s cold.

Did you know?

Asthma can be exacerbated by cold and dry air – so be extra cautious!

For example, after work if you usually run, try to stick to that. If the weather is wet, and potentially dangerous for a run, look towards alternatives such as home exercises. All you need is a mat and a phone – there are a variety of home fitness apps suited for different intensity levels etc. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

e k i h

fitness

Take a hike

Provided the weather is not wet and trails are not slippery, hiking in winter is a great way to exercise as the heat is not bad. Additionally, hiking can be a social activity – invite some friends or join a hiking club. For beginner hikers, it’s advisable to start with shorter routes, which are relatively flat. Also critical is to make sure you plan your route and alert a friend or family where you have gone with an estimated time of when you will be back in case of an emergency.

Join a hot yoga class

Yes, heading to the gym is a bit of a schlep in the cold, but if you are heading into a warm environment this might be a bit more of a motivation. Hot yoga is yoga in a heated room and can include a variety of poses as per the instructor’s call. While used interchangeably, hot yoga and Bikram yoga are different – Bikram yoga is done in a heated room and consists of 26 poses and two breathing exercises. It should be noted that hot yoga is intense as your heart, muscles, and lungs are working harder.

Top tips Be fabric smart: In winter it’s advisable to dress in multiple layers, which you can remove according to your temperature: • Inner layer made of synthetic fabric to help you stay dry • A middle layer of a light fleece fabric to keep you warm • An outer layer that is waterproof to help against natural elements Foot gear: Choose the correct walking shoes and socks to help keep your feet warm, dry and comfortable. In wet weather opt for shoes that have good traction to prevent you from slipping. Be sun smart: Even if cold, you still need to protect yourself against harmful UV rays – so wear a hat, sunglasses and use sunscreen.

Did you know?

Exercising in cooler temperatures can also cause dehydration. Cooler temperatures diminish thirst by up to about 40% – but just because you don’t feel thirsty does not mean you are not. Hydrate as per usual when exercising. According to reports, it’s advisable to sip rather than guzzle water which helps to ensure that your cells stay more hydrated and transports nutrients more efficiently. 

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home remedies

Constipation in teenagers & adults Prevention is better than cure. Be sure to include fibre in your diet on a regular basis.

• By adding an equal quantity of sunflower seeds and sesame seeds to your diet once a day for a week is a sure way to get fibre in your body. • Dates that have been soaked in milk and squashed to a paste can be consumed with milk for a week to relieve constipation. • Fresh or ripe figs can be boiled in a glass of milk and consumed at night before sleep to relieve constipation. • Drink half a glass of spinach juice mixed with half a glass of water twice daily for two to three days. • Stay hydrated and drink at least three litres of water a day to improve bowel movement. • Cut down on alcohol, tea and coffee since they can worsen constipation. • Important – with regards to fibre, ensure you don’t eat too much fibre as this can cause diarrhoea.

Excessive

sweating Extreme sweating or hyperhidrosis can be stressful and affects regular working or enjoying recreational activities owing to wet hands, feet or stains on clothing. Here’s how you can remedy excessive sweating: • Antiperspirants – As suggested by dermatologists, regular use of antiperspirants and not deodorant is the first step in the treatment of hyperhidrosis. • Potatoes – Apply sliced potatoes directly on the areas of the body which sweats profusely, leave for a few minutes and get immediate results. • Herbal tea – Drinking sage herbal tea is a good treatment that helps reduce excessive sweating as it contains magnesium and vitamin B. • Use shoes and socks made of natural material – By wearing shoes which are made of natural materials such as leather help the feet to breathe properly and also prevent feet sweating. • Stay relaxed – Relaxation techniques or mindfulness techniques such as yoga, meditation or biofeedback help to alleviate stress and reduce sweating. • Avoid triggers – Spicy foods and alcohol can worsen sweating and should be avoided. These foods and beverages may be playing a role in increasing the activity of overactive sweat glands and should be consumed carefully.

Kidney

stones

• Mix one teaspoon of the juice from basil leaves with one teaspoon of honey. Drink this daily in the morning as it is good for the kidneys. • Watermelon juice helps flush out kidney stones as it is rich in water and potassium and has essential nutrients for healthy kidneys. It also helps in regulating and maintaining the level of acid present in the urine. • Boil a cup of figs that have been boiled in a bit of water, and drink it on an empty stomach early in the morning. • Drinking plenty of water daily will also produce clear urine. This will ultimately help the kidney stones to pass.

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home remedies

Remove

Gum disease

Salt water is a natural disinfectant which can help clear up bacteria causing gum disease. Mix salt with warm water and gargle twice a day.

spectacle marks on your nose • Potato juice has mild bleaching properties so you can use fresh potato juice to lighten the hyper-pigmentation marks left by your spectacles. The simplest way to do this is to cut a thin slice of potato in half and apply the pieces to the marks. Allow it to remain in place for at least 20 minutes before taking it off and then rinse your face with cold water. • Fresh strawberry juice – apply a small amount of fresh strawberry juice to the hyperpigmented scars to help them fade quickly. Cherries or pomegranates can be used as a substitute for strawberries and work as an antioxidant and is effective at skin lightening. • Honey and oats with milk – honey has a wide variety of amino acids while milk contains lactic acid and oats has soothing and cleansing properties. A mixture of milk, honey and oats will help to reduce hyper-pigmentation marks. Apply the paste to the marks and then slowly and gently massage into your skin. Allow it to dry completely before rinsing your face with lukewarm water.

Weak memory • Pistachios and peanuts can strengthen brainwave frequencies associated with cognition, healing, learning, memory and other key brain functions. • Eating blueberries that are rich with antioxidants might help in short-term memory improvement. • Another good memory booster is carrots as they are a rich source of carotene. Mix carrot juice and apricot juice to make a delicious drink.

Intestinal worms

• Eating two carrots in the morning every day on an empty stomach will not only help you get rid of parasites, but also prevent a parasite attack in the future. • Pomegranate Bark is toxic to intestinal worms. • Pumpkin seeds are a natural remedy for eradicating tapeworms. A mixture of ground pumpkin seeds and water can help expel them. • Garlic is an anti-parasitic agent as it contains strong anti-fungal and antiseptic properties. By eating three cloves of raw garlic each day you can help get rid of all types of intestinal worms. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

Flatulence and gas

• Chew fresh ginger slices that have been soaked in lime juice after a meal. • Eat slowly as eating rapidly can cause you to take in air as well as food, leading to gasrelated pain. • Choose non-carbonated drinks. Sparkling drinks, such as sparkling water and sodas, create a lot of gas in the abdomen, creating gas and pain.

health

All you need to know about

your child’s cold, flu and immune system

Your child’s nose is running, they’re all clogged up and just want to go to sleep. Parents will tell any concerned parties that their little one has the flu – but do they? There is a lot of confusion around the differences and similarities between a cold and the flu, as they cause similar symptoms. If you want a family of healthy kids and adults though, it is important to know the difference as flu is generally more serious and can cause further complications. By Dr Rabeen Lutchman

There are over 200 types of viruses that can cause a ‘cold’...

What is a ‘cold’

A ‘cold’ is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. The upper respiratory tract includes the nose, throat, larynx, Eustachian tube (the connection between the throat and the middle ear) and sinuses. There are over 200 types of viruses that can cause a ‘cold’ and they occur at different times of the year (this is called seasonal variation). The most common cause is Rhinovirus. The common symptoms of a ‘cold’ are stuffy nose, sneezing, sore throat, and less commonly, a cough. It has a more gradual onset, and one experiences mild body aches and fatigue. It is rarely associated with a fever. The exact cause of a ‘cold’ does not necessarily need to be established and the symptoms can be managed conservatively.

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health

What is the flu?

The term ‘flu’ is derived from an infection with the Influenza Virus, which can cause similar symptoms to a cold, but Influenza can cause a more serious infection. Flu symptoms, unlike a ‘cold,’ have a more sudden onset and are associated with a fever. One can experience quite prominent body aches, fatigue, and headache. The cough can be more prominent and there may be some chest discomfort. Three types of influenza viruses are responsible for the disease: Influenza A or B or C.

What is the immune system?

When a baby is born at full term (9 months), they have all the essential components of the immune system, but this immune system is still maturing. Immunoglobulins are essential components of the immune system and are produced by the body to fight infection. There are different types of immunoglobulins – Immunoglobulin G (IgG), Immunoglobulin M (IgM), Immunoglobulin A (IgA), etc. Each have a different role and function in the immune system. At birth, the baby has a high level of IgG which has been transferred from the mom to the baby via the placenta. Breast milk also contains high levels of IgG. These levels of IgG slowly decline over the first 3-5 months and the infant will need to start making his own immunoglobulins. The levels will start to rise again reaching about 60% of adult level at one year old, and only achieve levels that of an adult by 6-10 years of life. Children under five years of age are thus susceptible to repeated infections until their immune system matures to produce www.babysandbeyond.co.za

the same amount of immunoglobulins as an adult. When a child has his first infection with that specific virus or bacteria, the immune system first sends out immunoglobulin G (IgG), while the body makes immunoglobulin M (IgM) and other components of the immune system to finally control the disease. Upon repeat infection with the same virus or bacteria, the body already has Immunoglobulin M (IgM), and this helps to fight and contain the disease before it becomes too serious. This is the basis of immunisations and why it is so important to vaccinate your child. Vaccination allows their immune system to be equipped to fight off harmful viruses and bacteria when exposed to it in the future. Children at day-care are susceptible to more infections because their immune system is still developing, and they are simply exposed to more infections.

Due to increased secretions and mucous in the airways, secondary bacterial infections are common. Children are not able to effectively clear these secretions, as adults are able to do with a strong cough or blowing of their nose, and this provides a favourable environment for bacteria to grow – often leading to a secondary infection in children. These secretions can block the Eustachian tube (the connection between the throat and the middle ear) and can cause a secondary infection in the middle ear (otitis media) or can collect in the lower airways and cause a pneumonia or bronchitis. The dangers of a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract are the possible complications of secondary infections and these include otitis media, bronchitis, pneumonia, etc. Children with other illnesses, such as asthma or diabetes or who are on chronic medication that suppress their immune system, are more likely to have complications.

health Visit a doctor if your child experiences any of the following (danger) signs: • fever for more than three days • breathing fast • breathing noisily • experiencing difficulty breathing • not feeding • persistent vomiting • difficult to wake up • lethargic • inconsolable crying • loose stools/ bloody stools

Dr Rabeen Lutchman is a Paediatrician working at the Paediatric Unit at Life Kingsbury Hospital. He runs a multifaceted paediatric practice with a wide range of paediatric services. He is dedicated to providing a paediatric service that upholds the best interests of the child. T +27 (0)21 685 0336 E paedrabeen@gmail.com W www.paediatrician-capetown.co.za

Prevention is better than cure:

• make sure immunisations are up to date • good nutrition and healthy diet • avoid contact with someone with the flu • keep children at home if they are sick to prevent the spread of germs and outbreaks • cover mouth and nose when sneezing • dispose of tissues after use • practice good hand hygiene – wash hands with soap and water where possible 

health

Here’s to the nose,

the importance of nasal hygiene Is it important to clean your nose daily? The answer is simple. The nose is one of our first lines of defence and a built-in filter against impurities and irritants, so it makes sense to keep it in immaculate condition so it can do its job properly.

our nose is an ideal environment for germs because it accumulates mucus, dust, bacteria, viruses and fungi. The most effective way to clean your nose is nasal irrigation. Nasal hygiene is an important part of your daily wellness routine. Especially if you’re suffering from chronic sinus issues. Practice true nasal hygiene by keeping your sinuses clean, clear, and moisturised to ensure your nose function at its peak performance daily. Rather than waiting for symptoms to flare up, take the necessary steps to avoid the suffering.

Your nose plays a major role in conditioning the air you breathe because the nose humidifies and regulates the temperature of the air you take in, preparing it for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs. We tend to assume a blocked or stuffy nose is from a cold, but there are many other possible reasons for it.  Note: Should you suffer from nasal congestion or any nasal related condition, it’s best to consult a medical practitioner.

Nasal irrigation will not only help you relieve sinus pressure and better breathing, but it will also allow you to function with more energy, so you feel better and perform better daily. You will also sleep better and get sick less often. There are lots of reasons to enjoy an un-blocked nose. Here are some health benefits of nasal hygiene: • daily nasal hygiene will ease any allergy or sinus symptoms that do arise, so your sleep may not be affected, and you get the rest you need. • assists your nose in improving the quality of air you breathe and the overall quality for life.

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References: 1. Data on file: Glenmark Pharmaceuticals South Africa (Pty) Ltd. 2. Data on file: Aurena Laboratories AB, Sweden 2020. 3. Bastier PL, et al. Nasal irrigation: From empiricism to evidence-based medicine. A review. European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases. 2015;132(5):281-285. 4. Data on file: Aurena Laboratories AB, Sweden 2018. Distributed by: Glenmark Pharmaceuticals South Africa (Pty) Ltd, 2nd Floor, Building D, Stoneridge Office Park, 8 Greenstone Place, Greenstone, Edenvale, Gauteng, 1609. Tel: (011) 564 3900. www.glenmarkpharma.co.za. QUAZAD02/2022.

Inhale & Exhale with

RESPIRATORY

health

Tonsillitis

in children Children with tonsillitis usually have a fever and a sore throat. Some children may complain of earache – this is because the sensory nerve that supplies the back of the throat also supplies the ear; so even though there is no infection in the ear, the ear may be sore. This is called referred pain. Other symptoms include painful swallowing, enlarged painful neck glands, voice change (a child may speak like he/she has a hot potato in his/her mouth), nausea, vomiting, fatigue, body aches and snoring. By Dr Eve Samson

www.babysandbeyond.co.za

health Healthy tonsils

Inflammation of the tonsils swollen uvula

What you may see

Children with tonsillitis look unwell, flushed, dehydrated, and may indicate that their throat is sore, and they are struggling to swallow. You may be able to feel the swollen glands in the neck and smell bad breath. The tonsils throat will look enlarged and may be rednes red or may have a grey slough on them. If the child is drooling or is gray furry unable to swallow (or experiences tongue very painful swallowing) and can only open their mouth a little bit, the infection may have progressed to an abscess that will need to be drained by an Ear Nose & Throat surgeon in hospital.

whitish spots

red swollen tonsils

Why did this happen? Most tonsillitis is either bacterial or viral, although there are other causes for the tonsils to swell and become painful. Your doctor may do a throat swab to check for How to prevent it bacteria, such as Streptococcus, which could be causing the infection. Your doctor Regular hand sanitisation, good dental hygiene, and avoiding contact with other may also do a blood test to look for a viral sick children who may be contagious can help to prevent contracting infections. cause, such as mononucleosis. Parents and relatives who smoke should consider quitting. Even though you may smoke outside, change your clothing, and use breath mints or only smoke on weekends, you are still a smoker and are putting your child at increased risk of more frequent upper respiratory tract infections, tonsillitis, and asthma.

What to do Keep your child well hydrated by giving them plenty of water and oral rehydration solution to drink. Eating soothing ice lollies, ice-cream and jelly may also help. Manage your child’s fever and pain by keeping him or her cool and giving them acetaminophen, ibuprofen or mefenamic acid. (Panado, or Nurofen, or Ponstan). Stronger pain killers may be necessary if the child has an abscess, and these will be prescribed by your doctor. Gargling salt water (in older children) helps to decrease bacterial load in the mouth. Make an appointment to see your child’s doctor for an early assessment before the infection develops into a complication.

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When to visit casualty • Your child is dehydrated. • Your child is drooling and cannot swallow, and you suspect an abscess. • Your child is making a snoring sound when breathing (called stertor). 

Dr Eve Samson is an ENT at Vincent Pallotti hospital in Pinelands, Cape Town. She studied medicine and ENT at the University of Cape Town and is passionate about children’s health and wellness.

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health

6 out of 10 men

have low libido due to an underactive thyroid (and a tendency to gain weight) By Herbex Research Department Symptoms of hypothyroidism, specifically in men, include sexual dysfunction and low testosterone.

ome studies report that about 60% of men with hypothyroidism have low libido (sexual desire), erectile dysfunction, or delayed ejaculation. Hypothyroidism has also been shown to affect semen quality and is associated with lower sperm count, form, and movement. These factors could potentially lower fertility. While these symptoms may be alarming, they are often reversible with treatment. Testosterone is a sex hormone with many important roles in men’s health, including bone and muscle growth, sex drive, and normal reproduction. Hypothyroidism can lower the levels of free testosterone in the blood. Hypothyroidism has also been associated with lower levels of sex hormonewww.babysandbeyond.co.za

binding globulin, which is a protein that carries testosterone throughout the body. Both of these changes can contribute to symptoms of low testosterone in men. Treating hypothyroidism can improve testosterone levels, so men with low testosterone may want to have their thyroid level checked.

How common is hypothyroidism in men?

Hypothyroidism can affect up to 5% of people, although many more may have it without realising it. Studies show that between 3% to 16% of men can get hypothyroidism, and the risk goes up as you get older. Women are 5 to 10 times more likely to have hypothyroidism

than men. This is because the main cause of hypothyroidism is an autoimmune disease, and these are more common in women.

Common symptoms could include: • • • • • • • • • • • •

weight gain tired and run down constipation hair loss brain fog, slow movements and thoughts feeling cold dry skin swelling in the neck low mood and depression muscle aches, cramps and weakness dry skin and brittle nails and hair numbness or tingling in the hands

health What is a thyroid gland?

The thyroid is shaped like a bow tie and is similarly located. It's function is to make the thyroid hormones T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine) and pump them into your bloodstream to be distributed to all organs in your body. When working properly, these hormones ensure that your metabolism, weight and mood, among many other body systems, are working well. You could think of the thyroid

gland as your body's energy company. When it is underperforming, everything starts to slow down. When the thyroid is not active enough, it is known as hypothyroidism. This is when the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough hormones to support the optimal functioning of the different systems in your body and can result in many different symptoms. The good news is that many of the unpleasant symptoms are reversable by adopting proactive lifestyle changes for thyroid health and if necessary, treatment options.

What you can do

Do a thyroid self-exam – stand in front of your mirror and look out for an enlarged thyroid gland. Move your head back, take a sip of water, and as you swallow, examine your neck below the Adam's Apple and above the collarbone. Look for lumps, then repeat the process a few times. If you see a lump, you need to visit your GP as soon as possible. Get tested if you think you have symptoms of a thyroid problem, it is best to ask your GP if you should be tested.

6 Lifestyle tips to support thyroid health and weight loss 1. Cut out simple carbs and sugars Focus on complex carbohydrates like starchy vegetables and legumes. Avoid simple sugars like sweets and fizzy drinks. Refined grain products and sugary drinks have a high glycaemic load and may increase inflammation in the body. Eat enough calories. If you don't, it can cause a stress response and result in less production of T3 (triiodothyronine, the active thyroid hormone) production. 2. Eat more anti-inflammatory foods Anti-inflammatory foods can help ease joint aches and pains as well as depression, all of which can result from an underactive thyroid. Anti-inflammatory foods can help support the immune system, which is often in overdrive in people with hypothyroidism. Anti-inflammatory foods support the intake of the essential nutrients needed for healthy thyroid function. These include magnesium, B vitamins, zinc, selenium, iron, and vitamin C. Eat more leafy green vegetables, tomatoes, fatty fish, nuts, fruit, and olive oil. Healthy liver function is vital as it is responsible for converting 60% of T4 [the thyroid hormone thyroxine] to T3.

3. Stick to small, frequent meals A sluggish thyroid means a slower digestion, so eating smaller balanced meals, more frequently, is advisable. This will help support balanced blood sugar levels and decrease cravings. A diet high in healthy fats, moderate proteins, and moderate to low carbohydrates is best for thyroid function 4. Keep a food diary Logging your daily food intake will help you keep track of how much food you consume, and it will help make sure that you are eating a balanced diet 5. Move your body Exercise is important to build into your lifestyle. It will help burn calories and keep your weight and health in check. 6. Take the right supplements Herbs that promote thyroid health include Fucus vesiculosis (Bladderwrack) and Withania somnifera (Winter Cherry/Ashwagandha), which help balance thyroid hormone production for thyroid health. Trace minerals like iodine and selenium promote normal thyroid hormone production, enabling your thyroid to increase your metabolism to help you lose weight.  www.babysandbeyond.co.za

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health

Winter and

childhood asthma Winter can be a difficult time of the year for children living with asthma. Cold, dry air, sudden changes in the weather and fluctuations in temperatures can all irritate their already inflamed airways. When you add it all up, the impact of cold weather on breathing can be serious and the colder months a recipe for exacerbations or flare-ups. Persistent inf lammation

An asthmatic child has a degree of inflammation present in their airways at all times. This inflammation causes the bronchial tubes to narrow, making it harder for air to get to the lungs, even when they they’re not having a flare-up from a trigger like cold air. That being so, it points to reason that treatment goals should focus on reducing inflammation1. According to the Allergy Association of South Africa (ALLSA) chronic control relies on anti-inflammatory maintenance2. This is true whether your child has mild, moderate, or severe asthma. The approach to treatment and management of asthma is almost identical and reducing inflammation is at the heart of it.3 ALLSA says the same applies for asthma attacks. Mild asthma doesn’t preclude children from having an asthma attack. The risk is equally high regardless of disease severity, adherence to treatment, or level of control.4, 5, 6 This is significant because mild asthmatic patients are regarded as the silent majority of asthmatics and in children, mild asthma is more frequent, symptomatic, and less controlled than in adults.7,8

Mild asthma doesn’t preclude children from having an asthma attack. 70

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health Establishing control is key

The good news for parents concerned that their child may indeed be overusing the blue pump, is that over-reliance can easily be established, thanks to a free, first-of-its-kind digital assessment tool.

Break over-reliance on relievers

Inflammation of the lungs can be made worse when a child is continually overusing the short-acting beta2 agonists (SABA) or blue over-the-counter symptom reliever inhaler. Using a reliever inhaler three or more times a week is now considered over-reliant and increases a child’s risk of asthma attacks9 - 12 and asthma-related deaths.13-15 Patients often under-use their anti-inflammatory ‘preventer’ therapy and overrely on their SABA reliever, which can mask symptoms worsening10,16-19 and explain suboptimal control in children. Using a SABA inhaler alone does not address the underlying inflammation caused by asthma, leaving children at risk of an asthma flare up10,16-18 and potential exposure to frequent bursts of oral corticosteroids.16,19 Reducing asthma-induced airway inflammation with a combination maintenance inhaler has been shown to be more effective in controlling asthma symptoms and preventing attacks,1 according to ALLSA. This approach to treatment is in line with the latest Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines which have ushered in a new, more effective, and safer approach to asthma management.

By answering five short questions the online Reliever Reliance Test will help parents quickly identify if their little ones are in fact over-reliant. The results are immediate and if your child is found to be over-using their SABA inhaler, it’s time to revisit their asthma management plan. By doing so, your child’s risk of increased asthma attacks should be reduced this winter. Asthma attacks may be life threatening, require emergency room treatment or hospitalisation. They can be emotionally traumatising, and they keep kids from activities that matter, reducing their overall quality of life. Take the test and take control of your child’s asthma. While there’s no cure for asthma, it’s important to work with your child’s doctor to treat it and prevent damage to their developing lungs. Controlled asthma in children is possible but it requires a solid asthma treatment plan that prioritises reducing inflammation safely.  For more information about the Break OverReliance campaign and to take the Reliever Reliance Test, visit www.bit.ly/Yes2Breathe

References 1. Global strategy for Asthma Management and prevention. Global initiative for Asthma (GINA)2021. Available from https://ginasthma.org/wp-content uploads/2021/05/GINA-MainReport-2021-V2-WMS.pdf. Accessed August 2021. 2. P.M. O Byrne. How much is too much? The treatment of mild asthma. EUR RESPIR J. 2007(30):403-406. 3. Global Initiative for Asthma. Updated 2018. www.ginasthma.org. Accessed March 2019. 4. Papi A et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018;6:1989-1998. 5. Price D et al. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med. 2014;24:14009. 6. Fitzgerald J, Branes J, Ghipps E, et al. The burden of exacerbations in mild asthma: a systematic review. ERJ Open Res. 2020;6:00359-2019. 7. Dusser D, Montani D, Chanez P, et al. Mild asthma: an expert review on epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment recommendations. Allergy.2007;62:591–604. 8. O'Byrne. Daily inhaled corticosteroid treatment should be prescribed for mild persistent asthma. Am J Respir crit care med. 2005;172:410-416. 9. Global Initiative for Asthma. Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention. 2020 Update. Available at: https://ginasthma.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/GINA-2020report_20_06_04-1-wms.pdf Last accessed July 2020. 10. Rabe KF, Vermeire PA, Soriano JB, Maier WC. Clinical management of asthma in 1999: the asthma insights and reality in Europe (AIRE) study. Eur Respir J. 2000; 16: 802–807. 11. Asthma UK: Asthma Attacks. Available at: https://www.asthma.org.uk/advice/asthma-attacks/ Last accessed July 2020. 12. Asthma UK. Reducing prescribing errors in asthma care. Available at: https://www.asthma.org.uk/support-us/campaigns/publications/nrad-one-year-on/ Last accessed July 2020. 13. Suissa S, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994;149:604–10. 14. Suissa S, et al. N Engl J Med 2000;343:332–6. 15. Buhl R, et al. Respir Res 2012;13:59. 16. Tattersfield AE, Postma DS, Barnes PJ, et al. on behalf of the FACET International Study Group. Exacerbations of asthma: a descriptive study of 425 severe exacerbations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999; 160: 594–599. 17. Adams RJ, Fuhlbrigge A, Guilbert T, et al. Inadequate use of asthma medication in the United States: results of the asthma in America national population survey. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002; 110: 58–64. 18. Larsson, K., Kankaanranta, H., Janson, C. et al. Bringing asthma care into the twenty-first century. NPJ Prim. Care Respir. Med. 2020; 30, 25, 19. Price DB, Trudo F, Voorham J, et al. Adverse outcomes from initiation of systemic corticosteroids for asthma: long-term observational study. J Asthma Allergy. 2018;11:193–204 20. Mosler G, Oyenuga V, Addo-Yobo E, et al. Achieving Control of Asthma in Children in Africa (ACACIA): protocol of an observational study of children’s lung health in six sub-Saharan African countries. BMJ Open. 2020;10:e035885.

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health

How to manage asthma in children Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood, affecting 1 in 10 children. It is also the number one reason that children miss school, visit an emergency room, and are admitted to hospital.

By Dr Aruna Lakhan

www.babysandbeyond.co.za

health

sthma is a condition of the small airways. Children with asthma have sensitive airways that are easily irritated by a number of things called triggers. Some examples of triggers include upper respiratory viral infections, allergies, irritants, weather changes and exercise. The triggers cause swelling and inflammation of the lining of the airways and tightening of the muscles around the airways. This makes it hard for air to flow in and out of the lungs. Airways become super-sensitive or hyper-reactive to things that do not bother people with normal lungs. The "twitchy" lungs overreact even to cold air, exercise, and smoke. The airway narrowing or obstruction and "twitchiness" cause the asthma symptoms to come in "waves" called flares or attacks. The more inflammation in the airways, the more sensitive the airway tubes are to triggers and the more likely you are to have a flare or other symptoms, like night-time coughing or shortness of breath with exercise. That’s why treating the airway inflammation is so important in caring for your child’s asthma.

Asthma symptoms

The most important asthma symptoms in children are: • Coughing caused by the need to cough up extra mucous in the lungs or from the irritation of the airways. • Wheezing made by air exiting the narrow lung passages. • Shortness of breath. • Chest tightness or pain. Asthma attacks or flares come and go. When an attack begins, you will notice that your child's symptoms become worse and may worsen quickly. New night-time symptoms are signs that a new flare, or worsening of asthma control, has started. The lungs will make a lot of mucous, and your child may try to cough it up. Some children may even gag or vomit after a coughing spell.

Diagnosing asthma

Your child’s paediatrician will take a detailed history and examine your child. Most children with asthma have had symptoms for a long time. If your doctor suspects asthma, a blowing test (peak flow) will be done to check the child’s lung function. This measures how fast the child can blow the air out of their lungs. If it is low, asthma could be the reason.

What causes asthma in children? Asthma can affect anyone – young or old, male, or female, and people of all races and ethnic backgrounds, but certain genetic and environmental factors might increase the risk, such as: • Having family members, especially a parent, with asthma or allergies. • Premature birth or lung injury from premature birth. • Exposure to viruses or allergens at an early age. • Cigarette smoke or pollution exposure during pregnancy or early on in life.

A more detailed lung function test, called a spirometry, may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis. In children under five, where a peak flow and lung function is not possible, the diagnosis of asthma is more difficult and is usually made from a thorough history and examination, followed by a trial therapy.

Treatments for asthma

You will need to work closely with your paediatrician to control your child's asthma. Because asthma is a chronic disease, to keep your child’s symptoms well controlled, certain treatments need to be given every day – even when the child feels fine and has no symptoms. Some children need medication yearround, while others need to be on treatment during certain times of the www.babysandbeyond.co.za

health year (for example, viral season or allergy season). The goal of treatment is to make sure your child is on the lowest dose of medicine possible to keep their symptoms under control. The treatment of asthma is in the form of inhaled medication. There are two types of treatment – controllers and relievers. Controllers are taken regularly to prevent asthma symptoms. The most common controllers are steroids. They reduce the risk of an asthma attack by decreasing the inflammation in the lungs. They take about two weeks to start working and must be used every day. Relievers work immediately by relaxing the muscles of the airways (for example, Ventolin and Asthavent pumps). They should only be used when symptoms are present. If they are needed more than twice a week, then your child’s asthma is not well controlled, and you should consult your doctor.

Some children need additional medication to control their asthma. These come in the form of chewable tablets or sprinkles for the little ones. It helps reduce the inflammation in the lungs and is highly effective if used together with inhaled steroids. A spacer or aero chamber is a plastic holding chamber which all children using inhaled medication should use as it helps to deliver the medication into the lungs more effectively. Asthma is not a condition that can be cured, but most children and adolescents can gain good control of their asthma. With proper treatment for asthma, the goal is to have minimal or no asthma symptoms between flares and reduce the frequency and severity of asthma flares. Another important goal of asthma treatment in children is to ensure that it limits their physical activities as little as possible. When the asthma is effectively managed, they should be able to participate in exercise and sports.

Helpful tips on managing your child’s asthma To ensure that your child’s asthma is well controlled, treatment should be reviewed at least every six months, more often if severe or not well controlled. 1.

Record your child’s asthma symptoms in a diary. Record the symptoms that your child experiences during the day and night, whether their sleep is disturbed due to symptoms, and how often they need to take their reliever medication due to symptoms. Providing this information to your child’s doctor will assist in prescribing the appropriate medication.

Have a written asthma action plan. This is a written plan designed especially for your child to help you manage their asthma. It will give you information on what to do if your child’s asthma worsens. It also gives you a clear guide of when to seek medical help. Ask your child’s doctor to write one for you.

Tell your child’s teachers and carers. To assist children’s schools and day care staff, it is important they are aware that your child has asthma. You should provide them with access to your child’s reliever medication and spacer device. They should be shown how to administer the medication and given instructions on when and how the medication should be given. 

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Dr Aruna Lakhan is a paediatrician who specialises in childhood lung conditions. She sees children of all ages, from newborn to 18 years of age at her practise at Life Vincent Pallotti Hospital, Pinelands, Cape Town.

health

Nappy Rash

101

Nappy rash is extremely common and can happen at any time during your child’s nappy wearing stage. It can (literally) be a pain in the bottom! However, there are several things that you can do to try and keep it at bay and make life a little more comfortable for your child. By Sudocrem

irstly, keep in mind that every baby is unique, and the severity of nappy rash will vary. Some babies may not develop it at all. Some babies' skin is more sensitive than others and their skin reacts differently to external factors. Understanding the cause of nappy rash is essential for dealing with it effectively (although sometimes babies will experience nappy rash for no obvious reason). Usually, nappy rash is caused by soiled or wet nappies, friction, and a lack of air circulation and sometimes an ingredient found in some baby wipes, known as methylisothiazolinone, can cause nappy rash or make it worse.

completely dry before putting on a nappy. Apply a light, easy-to-rub barrier cream like Sudocrem Skin and Baby Care Cream to the skin at every nappy change, not just when they have a rash. Sudocrem Skin and Baby Care Cream’s primary aim is to treat nappy rash, it is particularly gentle and forms a defensive layer to assist in the treatment of the rash. Protecting your baby's bottom from the start can help to prevent nappy rash and soothe it if it develops.

Make sure you use the correct size nappies for your baby and don't put them on too tightly. This can cause friction and irritation, redness, and a sore bottom. You may need to try a few different brands and/or sizes of nappies before you find the one that fits your baby perfectly. If the nappy rash does not get better within a few days, spreads further, becomes oozy, or if your baby develops a fever this could be a sign of infection. Seek medical advice from a doctor or paediatrician. 

Having plenty of nappy-free time is extremely beneficial - allowing the skin to breathe can truly work wonders. Remember to never leave your baby unattended. Keeping your baby's nappy clean is critical. Regular nappy changes are recommended especially after the baby urinates or has a bowel movement. Wash your hands before and after you do so. Wipe your baby's bottom from front to back and make sure it's

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TREAT FUNGAL INFECTIONS FAST1 NAPPY RASH IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMON FUNGAL SKIN CONDITIONS EXPERIENCED BY NEONATES AND INFANTS2

SOURCES2

• Infrequent nappy changes

SYMPTOMS2

• Redness over skin surfaces closest to the nappy

• Prolonged exposure to moisture inside nappy

Ask for COVAREX® Junior Cream by name! Available at leading pharmacies countrywide. Visit www.glenmarkpharma.co.za for further information. TOPICAL MICONAZOLE NITRATE 2 % w/w CREAM UNIQUELY FORMULATED WITH PATENTED EMZALOIDTM TECHNOLOGY TO TREAT FUNGAL INFECTIONS FAST1 1

References: 1.COVAREX® product monograph. Data on file Meyerzall Laboratories (Pty) Ltd. 2. Guidelines for the Management of Nappy Rash. [Cited 2022-04-25]; Available from URL: http://www.nnuh.nhs.uk/publication/download/care-of-nappy-area-in-neonates-nicu6-version-5. S1 COVAREX®(Cream). Reg. No.: 33/13.9.2/0124. Each 100 g of cream contains 2 g of miconazole nitrate. For full prescribing information refer to the professional information approved by the medicines regulatory authority. HCR: Meyerzall Laboratories (Pty) Ltd, 2nd floor, 121 Mitchell Street, George, 6529. Marketed by: Glenmark Pharmaceuticals South Africa (Pty) Ltd, 2nd Floor, Building D, Stoneridge Office Park, 8 Greenstone Place, Greenstone, Edenvale, Gauteng, 1609. Tel: (011) 564 3900. www.glenmarkpharma.co.za. COVJ06/04/2020.

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medical safety

Pain relief for kids

– 5 pointers for parents

There is no room for error when giving pain relief medication to your children at home. Too small a dose may not ease the pain effectively, while too much of the medicine can cause liver or kidney damage, leading to organ failure and may even be fatal. A pharmacist from South Africa’s largest national courier pharmacy provides advice for parents on getting the dose just right for your baby or child.

“I

ncorrect dosing is a potential problem when it comes to medication that is available to the public without a doctor’s prescription. This can be especially dangerous for children as even a relatively small overdose can be extremely harmful for their little bodies,” says pharmacist Siphamandla Mbuli of Medipost Pharmacy. “On the other hand, parents may sometimes under-dose their children by not giving them enough pain medication to ease their discomfort. Parents and caregivers therefore need to be sure they fully understand the dosage of selfcare medication, such as paracetamol, for treatment of pain and fever before giving it to babies and children in their care,” he says. Paracetamol is the most common over-the-counter analgesic or pain relief medication and is present either alone or in combination with other compounds in many medicines under various trade names in either syrup, drops, sachets, oral tablets or suppositories. Fortunately, awareness of a few simple principles can help to prevent mistakes when treating your child for mild to moderate pain at home. Here Mbuli provides some points to remember.

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medical safety Identify the active ingredients

Before giving your child any non-prescription medicine, check the list of active ingredients on the sides of the packaging. For example, if it is a medicine in syrup form this will usually be written as “each 5ml contains paracetamol 120mg”. If you are giving your child more than one medicine at a time, make quite sure to check that they do not have the same active ingredients. Medicines under different trade names can contain paracetamol, and if these are combined this could lead to overdose.

Measure correctly

Never guess or estimate the measure of medicine you give to your child. Always use a medicine measuring spoon or syringe to accurately obtain the correct dose of paracetamol syrup needed, or use a medicine dropper.

What’s the correct dose for your child?

While some formulations of paracetamol available without a prescription can be given to infants from one month old, it is preferable to discuss options with your healthcare professional, such as your paediatrician if your child is younger than three months old. Also, it is of utmost importance to follow the dosing guidelines in the package insert. Do not exceed the recommended dose. Dosing guidelines for how often to give the medicine and for how long should also be adhered to, and no more than four doses can be administered within 24 hours and only for up to five days. Babies from three months to one year: • If using paracetamol drops for babies, 0.6ml to 1.2ml (60 to 120mg) may be given orally every four hours if needed, up to four times a day. • When using the sachet form, 2.5 ml to 5ml (60 to 120mg) may be given orally every four hours if needed, up to four times a day. • Paracetamol syrup can be given at a dosage of 2.5ml to 5ml (60 to 120mg) orally every four hours if needed, up to four times a day. • Suppositories can also be given, and dosing should be discussed with your pharmacist.

For children aged one to five years: • Paracetamol in sachet form may be given at a dose of 5ml to 10ml (120 to 240mg) orally every four hours if needed, up to four times a day. • Syrup may be given to the child at dosage of 5ml to 10ml (120 to 240mg) orally every four hours if needed, up to four times a day. • Suppositories can also be given, and dosing should be discussed with your pharmacist.

Signs of overdose – a medical emergency

Initial symptoms of paracetamol overdose may include gastrointestinal irritability with the child not wanting to eat, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain, but these are not always present and do not necessarily indicate the severity of the overdose. “Sometimes the child may show no noticeable symptoms of paracetamol overdose for the first day or two, even in cases of severe poisoning, and liver and kidney failure may take between two and five days to develop and manifest. If parents suspect that their child may have been overdosed, they should immediately take the child to an emergency department for urgent medical attention,” Mbuli warns.

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist

Be sure to discuss any recurring pain with your child’s paediatrician, as non-prescription medication should only be used for temporary, short-term relief. The underlying cause of pain that lasts for longer must be investigated. It also important for parents to be aware that they can also simply ask the pharmacist for information regarding pain medication. People registered with Medipost Pharmacy’s chronic medication delivery service or self-medication online shop at www.shop.medipost.co.za have access to telephonic clinical advice from pharmacists and pharmacist’s assistants in any of South Africa’s official languages. This service is available from Monday to Friday, 08h00 to 17h00, and Saturdays between 08h00 and 12h00 for advice regarding dosage, possible side effects or interactions and other concerns relating to medication dispensed by Medipost Pharmacy.  www.medipost.co.za

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medical safety

Body Image: The ins and outs and its link with mental health in adolescents By Talia Planting

Body image can be defined as the perception, thoughts and feelings a person has about their body2. 84

Sometimes, we entwine Our sense of worth with The sense we have of Our body – and often, Our body is not viewed With kindness or love, But with deep shame, But feelings and fact Are not the same, The truth is your worth Is innate, irrefutable, Accepting who we are And how we are in this Moment – that is Endlessly beautiful ~ P. Bodi1

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medical safety

ne of the important developmental tasks of adolescence is forming a positive view and awareness of one’s body3. This includes experiencing biological changes (growth spurts; developing secondary sexual characteristics); cognitive changes (reflecting on the changes the body is going through and those of peers; regulating their emotions and impulses), and psychological changes (assigning more importance to input from peers and media – including the body ideals portrayed by these influences)3. As these changes are more rapid than in adulthood, and are more pronounced in adolescence, it leads to an environment where a developing teenager is left with the choice to accept their own unique body changes or reject them/internalise media portrayals of the ideal body. Part of this includes making the choice to engage in self-care versus participating in harmful behaviours such as excessive exercise or dysfunctional eating3. Body image disturbance can be thought of in three ways4: 1. Giving one’s body weight and/or shape disproportionate importance as a contributing factor to self-worth; 2. Disapproving of one’s body weight and/or shape (incongruence between the body one has and idealized body image); and 3. Obsessing over one’s body weight and/or shape.

This has been shown to have significant impact on mental health and quality of life4, including an increased association with eating disorders, depression, anxiety and low self-worth2. There is research suggesting this can occur from as young as age six in a diverse range of body shapes and cultural settings2. Social factors play a significant role in unhappiness with one’s body; in particular the effect of mass media2. The marketing of unreasonable beauty standards (in some instances further exacerbated by photoshop) is associated with body dissatisfaction and dysfunctional eating in females2. Over the past couple of decades there has been an exponential increase in the consumption of ‘new media’ – namely the internet: fashion and beauty websites; entertainment and celebrity websites and social networking sites2 (notably Facebook; Instagram and Twitter2 with additional platforms such as TikTok being added as time goes by). This has added to a new dynamic in that users of these sites are more active in their engagement with them (choosing which groups/individuals to follow, posting their own photos, videos and messages)2. It has been shown that the more time spent on sites like Facebook – the more the perceived body scrutiny and

comparison of one’s appearance, the more the dissatisfaction with one’s body2.

Body dissatisfaction linked to social media use

Other studies have shown a correlation with more body dissatisfaction relating to those who post pictures of themselves (along with the associated likes, dislikes and comments by others), along with viewing of posted pictures of peers these social networking sites. This can lead to the placement of worth on perceived appearance and negative comparison of one’s body to others2. The more friends one has on these platforms, the higher the association with ideal body image internalisation and increased vigilance of one’s body in comparison with others2. An additional risk factor includes the regularity with which teenagers engage in conversations around appearance or ‘fat-talk’, resulting in the internalisation of the ‘ideal’ body, and emphasis on the importance of physical appearance6. In turn this is associated with a higher likelihood of body dissatisfaction6. Teasing in the context of appearance, by peers, has also been found to have an association with body dissatisfaction6. There are two leading theories used to try and clarify the association between mass media use and increased body dissatisfaction. The first being sociocultural theory, which looks at the internalisation of unattainable beauty standards portrayed in mass media and resulting in comparisons of one’s own appearance to these images2. The second is objectification theory, which elaborates on the Western notion of the female body being an object that is there to be viewed and appraised based on its exterior form2. This leads to continual self-scrutiny in young girls leading to increased anxiety and shame related to the body, and in some the further development of mental health problems as already mentioned2.

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medical safety Within the South African context, it has been found that culture, societal norms and ethnicity play a role in body dissatisfaction, with globalisation and mass media focus on the ‘Western’ ideal of being thin contradicting what may be different definitions of beauty in traditional beliefs5. There is evidence suggesting South African adolescents are less satisfied with their body shape leading to an increased risk of food restriction and excessive exercise increasing the chance of developing eating disorders such as Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa5. Factors important

Useful resources

South African Depression and Anxiety Suicide Prevention Line 0800 567 567 | www.sadag.org South African Depression And Anxiety Group Mental Health Line 011 234 4837 | www.sadag.org Lifeline 0861 322 322 | www.lifeline.org.za Destiny Helpline for Youth & Students 0800 414 243 The Counselling Hub 021 462-3902 (landline) or 067 235-0019 (mobile) www.counsellinghub.org.za

Keeping the above in mind, the following factors have been found to be important in contributing to a positive body image in adolescents3: • Acceptance of one’s unique body characteristics (this includes perceived shortcomings), and the understanding that beauty is subjective and there is value in the diversity of body shape. • Appreciation of the functions the body allows one to perform – such as satisfaction in different physical activities. • Mental resilience when experiencing messages that threaten one’s developing body image. This incorporates acknowledging these threats and responding with self-care and the refocusing on one’s good qualities when confronted. • Associating with peers who share similar values and don’t fixate on negative body image messages. Specific interventions aimed at addressing body dissatisfaction in adolescent females were found to be more effective when using an interactive style; this allowed for expression of opinions and open discussion amongst peers that allowed for a collaborative exploration of solutions that they could take ownership of within peer groups6. If there is concern about an unhealthy preoccupation with body image and harmful behaviours such as restrictive eating, excessive exercise, use of substances to manage weight, etc, it is advisable to seek professional advice and support in addressing the problem and preventing further deterioration and health risks. 

References: 1. Inherit the Dawn; Author, P. Bodi ; Publisher, P. Bodi, 2021 ; ISBN, 1651005583, 9781651005583 2. A systematic review of the impact of the use of social networking sites on body image and disordered eating outcomes. Holland, Grace; Tiggemann, Marika. ISSN: 1873-6807 , 1740-1445 , 1873-6807; DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.02.008. Body image. , 2016, Vol.17, p.100-110 3. The Positive Body Image among Adolescents Scale (PBIAS): Conceptualization, development, and psychometric evaluation among adolescents from Belgium. Maes, Chelly ; Trekels, Jolien ; Tylka, Tracy L ; Vandenbosch, Laura. AMSTERDAM: Elsevier Ltd. Body image, 2021-09, Vol.38, p.270-288 4. Disentangling body image: The relative associations of overvaluation, dissatisfaction, and preoccupation with psychological distress and eating disorder behaviors in male and female adolescents. Mitchison, Deborah ; Hay, Phillipa ; Griffiths, Scott ; Murray, Stuart B ; Bentley, Caroline ; Gratwick‐Sarll, Kassandra ; Harrison, Carmel ; Mond, Jonathan. United States: John Wiley and Sons Inc. The International journal of eating disorders, 2017-02, Vol.50 (2), p.118-126 5. Body Image Satisfaction, Eating Attitudes and Perceptions of Female Body Silhouettes in Rural South African Adolescents. Pedro, Titilola M ; Micklesfield, Lisa K ; Kahn, Kathleen ; Tollman, Stephen M ; Pettifor, John M ; Norris, Shane A; Tovée, Martin J. United States: Public Library of Science. PloS one, 2016, Vol.11 (5), p.e0154784-e0154784 6. An evaluation of a body image intervention based on risk factors for body dissatisfaction: A controlled study with adolescent girls. Richardson, Shanel M ; Paxton, Susan J. Hoboken: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company The International journal of eating disorders, 2010-03, Vol.43 (2), p.112-122

in contributing to a positive body image

Dr Talia Planting is a Specialist General Psychiatrist practicing at Life Vincent Pallotti hospital in Cape Town. She is dedicated to better understanding mental illness and how to manage it to obtain mental health. This includes a patient-centred approach with focus on the biological, psychological and social aspects of care. Her main areas of interest include mood, anxiety disorders and neuropsychiatric disorders in adults, along with child and adolescent mental health.

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nutrition

tips

to incorporate more plant-based foods into your diet Dietician Aziwe Booi shares five tips on how to incorporate plant-based foods into your diet to give your health the kickstart it needs for winter.

long with cooler weather comes poor eating habits and excuses to ditch exercise regimes. Most experts believe it takes an average of 66 days to form a habit, so there’s no better time to start firming up on good eating habits and establishing a healthy lifestyle. Many diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and other lifestyle-related diseases can be prevented by a healthy diet. Dietician Aziwe Booi suggests trying a plant-based diet that has many health benefits and is worth looking into to develop healthier eating habits.

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nutrition

Understand what plant-based eating is and why it’s good for you

As a nation of meat-eaters, the term plant-based might sound a little scary but all this means is a diet rich in vegetables, wholegrains, legumes, nuts, seeds and fruits that do not include meat products. Starting to incorporate plant-based foods into your diet may raise questions about protein (which keeps you fuller for longer). If it isn’t coming from chicken or beef then how do you get your daily intake from plants? “Certain plants such as legumes, wholegrains and nuts contain plantbased proteins which are good for preventing non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and high blood pressure, for example,” Booi explains. "In addition to helping to reduce disease, some of the other health benefits of a plant-based diet include gaining energy, building muscle (when exercising), reduction of fat intake which is good for heart and organ health, and it aids in weight management."

Don’t be afraid to make a change, start simple!

Adding plant-based proteins into your eating plan can start with something as simple as breakfast. ProNutro, for example, contains a high amount of plant-based protein natural powder, is a source of Vitamin A, Vitamin B, and iron, and makes a nutritious breakfast for families wanting to start with incorporating plant-based into their daily lives. “This type of plant-based protein is good for gut health and the digestive system; most notably it is also good for mental health. By including more plant-based food such as fruit and vegetables into your diet you can also reduce the risk of certain mood disorders,” says Booi.

Going back to basics

For families trying to include more plant-based into their daily eating habits, the question around finances is an important one that comes up. Imported products and fancy packaging may leave shoppers in a tizz but it’s actually about going back to basics when it comes to the type of plant-based foods you include in your diet by educating yourself.

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nutrition

Be intentional and educate yourself

When moving to plant-based eating, educating yourself about this lifestyle change is important. Read as much as you can, speak to a dietician and ask questions. Doing research can help you make informed decisions about the type of foods you should be eating. It can also assist with identifying what you can treat yourself with and what to stay away from, thus reducing wastage and helping you to reduce costs. Understanding labels is also important as it will help you to make informed purchases. “Take your time to understand what makes up a plant-based diet, a simple peanut butter and jelly sandwich is also considered a plant-based meal. Things like hummus, pesto (without cheese) are all plant-based; you just need to be intentional about what you are eating. Another way to incorporate plant-based is to go for meatless Mondays, for example,” adds, Booi.

Plan, plan, plan!

Meal planning has proven to be one of the most effective ways to stick to eating plans and to save money. By planning weekly and monthly menus shoppers are able to make informed purchases without overspending and may save money considering that plantbased diets do not contain expensive meats but things like lentils and chickpeas which can be purchased for as little as R20. Look for substitutes and replacements and start slowly. “Take meals you already enjoy and substitute meat for plant-based items. A good substitute for example is lentils for mince in your spaghetti bolognaise as a way to start,” says Booi.

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Trying a plant-based diet can be challenging in the beginning but incorporating it into your daily life gets easier with a little bit of research and experimentation. 

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nutrition

What parents need to know about teen nutrition The human body needs up to 40 nutrients daily to function optimally and with the significant physical, social, and emotional development that teens undergo, their need for these nutrients and adequate energy to fuel this development is considerable.

t’s important to help teens adopt healthy dietary habits – including being a great role model that your kids can follow by example. The nutrition experts at Bioteen Teen Nutrition share advice on which nutrients are important and how we can practically include these in your teen’s diet.

Added sugars are usually a concentrated form of sugar and include sugars like brown and white cane sugar, corn syrups, and fructose or beet sugar. These are either low in or devoid of nutrients and are used in the processing of packaged foods like syrups, sauces, breakfast cereals, fruit juices and fruit juice concentrates.

hyperactivity in adolescents is linked to cognitive deficits in adulthood.

Limit added sugars

Excessive consumption of sugar has been linked to obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular complications. Excessive sugar is also detrimental to brain function, which is particularly relevant to teens. The sugar glucose is the main source of energy for the brain and too much of it can overstimulate the brain, often causing hyperactivity and mood swings. Some studies even suggest that brain

Energy needs vary depending on your teen’s height and weight, sex, age and activity levels. Based on average energy intake, teenage boys should aim to reduce their added sugar intake to between 3570g of sugar per day and teenage girls should aim for between 28-55g of sugar per day. To put this into perspective, one serving of low-fat yogurt can contain as much as 30 grams of sugar.

There are two main forms of sugar that we consume: natural sugar and added sugar. Natural sugar is found naturally inside fruit (as fructose) and dairy (as lactose). These sugars, as they are eaten from whole foods, come with added health benefits as they also contain nutrients like protein, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and dietary fibres.

The World Health Organisation recommends that all adults and children reduce their intake of added sugars to less than 10% of their total daily energy, but ideally to less than 5%.

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nutrition

Ramp up iron intake (especially for girls)

As your teen matures, their iron needs naturally increase due to increased lean body mass (muscles), increased red blood cell volume and loss of blood (when girls start menstruating). Iron needs are at their highest during active growth phases – for example, during puberty and growth spurts – and directly after menstruation starts. To give you an example of how high these requirements become, a girl before the age of 13 only needs 8mg of iron per day and once she starts her period, her needs almost double to 15mg per day. If a teen’s iron needs outweigh their intake, they can suffer from anaemia. The effects of iron deficiency anaemia in adolescents include an impaired immune response, decreased resistance to infections, fatigue, and decreased cognitive functioning and short-term memory. All these symptoms can have serious effects on your child’s ability to learn, either because of lack of concentration or missed school days due to illness. There are two forms of iron in the foods that we eat – haeme iron and non-haeme iron. Haeme iron is generally found in animal foods and non-haeme iron in plant foods. Haeme iron is more easily absorbed by the body, but absorption of non-haeme iron can be improved by pairing these food sources with foods containing Vitamin C. High haeme iron sources include organ meat, oysters, beef and sardines, while soybeans, white beans, lentils and spinach contain high levels of non-haeme iron. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

Protein, protein, and protein

Protein has numerous functions in the body and in the case of teenagers, growth spurts and continuous development, combined with busy school and extracurricular activities; mean their bodies rely more heavily on protein for optimal growth and performance, making their daily requirements higher than an adult’s. When the protein in our food is digested it is broken down to its simplest form – amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of all proteins, the primary functions of which are to build and repair body tissue, and to produce enzymes, antibodies and hormones. Most amino

acids can be made in the body from other molecules, but there are nine essential amino acids that the body cannot make, so must come from the food we eat. Considering how important protein is, you would think that our protein requirements are high. In fact, the amount the body requires to meet its needs is quite small. The World Health Organisation recommends that teenagers eat approximately 0.9g of protein per kilogram of body weight. So, if your teen weighs 70kg, they will need 63g of protein per day. If the only protein source was chicken, for example, that would be 360g of

nutrition

chicken, because 30-40g of protein food contains roughly 7g of protein. The recommendation for girls drops to 0.8g of protein per kilogram per day between the ages of 15 and 18. Overall, you are aiming for your teen to get between 10-30% of their daily intake from protein. Research has shown that it is best to spread it out evenly throughout the day, splitting the protein requirement across all meals. If your teen is a fussy eater and doesn’t enjoy many protein foods, or if they are so busy they often forget to eat, you can use a protein shake to boost their energy and protein intake and ensure your teen is getting the right nutrients to function optimally.

Make smart fat swaps

The type of fat that your teen eats regularly not only affects future heart health but can also affect intelligence and mental capacity. Diets that are high in saturated fats (found in fast foods, fatty cuts of meat, chicken skin, butter, cream and coconut oil) have been associated with cognitive deterioration, while a diet high in polyunsaturated fats (like oily fish, nuts and seeds) has been shown to have protective effects. We recommend diets like the Mediterranean diet, which are high in polyunsaturated fats known as Omega 3’s and have been associated with better memory capacity and a lower risk of cognitive deterioration. The Mediterranean

diet also encourages the consumption of plenty of unprocessed and minimally processed foods, including fresh fruits and vegetables, legumes and wholegrains combined with some oily fish and healthy fats like olive oil, avo, nuts and seeds.

The type of f at that your teen ea ts regularly not only affe cts future heart health but can also affect intellig ence and mental capac ity.

Fibre and probiotic foods for a healthy gut: the foundation of good health!

Scientific research has shown that the gut is responsible for far more complex functions than just the absorption of nutrients from our food. The gut is home to around 40 trillion bacteria which are collectively known as your gut microbiome. It is vital to maintain a healthy gut microbiome as it can enhance immune function, improve symptoms of depression, improve sleep quality, help fight obesity, and provide numerous other benefits. This can be achieved by consuming foods that contain beneficial bacteria that form part of the gut microbiome. These are known as probiotic foods and are present in fermented foods like yoghurt, kefir and sauerkraut. It is also important to consume foods that are rich in fibre, a nutrient that stimulates the growth of gut bacteria. High fibre foods include vegetables, fruits, legumes and beans. Especially good choices are green peas, broccoli, chickpeas, beans, lentils, oranges, bananas and apples.

In addition to maintaining a healthy and diverse diet, it is important to maintain adequate sleep and reduce stress levels, both of which has been associated with a healthier gut microbiome. It's clear that all foods are not created equal and eating a variety of foods is the best way to ensure that all your teen’s nutrient needs are met. Helping our teens get all the nutrients they need is easier said than done though, so Bioteen is as committed as you are to seeing teens thrive, and has developed a range of supplements that can be mixed and matched to suit your teen’s individual needs. The entire range is formulated in the correct, effective quantities for the developing teenage body, made from the highest quality, natural food-based active ingredients and free from added preservatives, artificial colourants, artificial sweeteners or fillers.  Bioteen is available online at www.bioteennutrition.com. www.babysandbeyond.co.za

Creating a Balance between Fun and Function

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Containing 4 strain probiotic and Vitamin C3 *As a result of the reduced upper respiratory tract symptoms that are treated by the combination of Probiotics and Vitamin C The information included on this material is not intended to replace your health care professionals advice. References: 1. IRI August 2021. 2. Garaiova I, Muchová J, Nagyová Z, et al. Probiotics and vitamin C for the prevention of respiratory tract infections in children attending preschool: a randomised controlled pilot study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015;69(3): 373-379. 3. ProbiFloraTM Junior Fit for School Professional Information. ProbiFlora™Junior Fit For School Chewable Tablets. Each chewable tablet contains total probiotics 12,5 billion CFU (colony forming units), probiotic blend consisting of Lactobacillus acidophilus CUL60, Lactobacillus acidophilus CUL21, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis CUL34, Bifidobacterium bifidum CUL20, Asorbic acid (Vitamin C) 50 mg. Health Supplement. Category D: Complementary Medicines. 34.12 Multiple Substance Formulation. This unregistered medicine has not been evaluated by the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority for quality, safety or intended use. Adcock Ingram Limited. Co. Reg. No. 1949/034385/06. Private Bag X69, Bryanston, 2021, South Africa. Customer Care: 0860 ADCOCK/232625. www.adcock.com. 2022032510192692 April 2022

recipes 4

s rve

Baked Chicken with

Spaghetti Ingredients: main dish

• 8 chicken thighs, bone in, skin on • 2 teaspoons (10l) Ina Paarman’s Garlic & Herb Seasoning • 2 tablespoons (30ml) olive oil • 1 large onion, chopped • Ina Paarman’s Green Onion Seasoning • 4 cloves garlic, sliced • 1½ cups (375ml) water • 2 teaspoons (10ml) Ina Paarman’s Chicken Stock Powder • 1 x 400g Ina Paarman’s Roast Vegetable Pasta Sauce • 150g spaghetti, broken into thirds

Ingredients: breadcrumb topping • 1 slice of bread • a handful of parsley, chopped • 1 tablespoon (15ml) lemon zest • 1 teaspoon (5ml) Ina Paarman’s Garlic & Herb Seasoning • olive oil

Method

1. Season the thighs all over with Garlic & Herb Seasoning. 2. Heat the oil and brown chicken, skin side first. 3. Remove the chicken from the heat to a plate. 4. Add the onion, seasoned with Green Onion Seasoning to the pan. 5. Stir-fry until onions are beginning to brown, then add garlic and stir-fry briefly. 6. Adjust oven rack to middle position and preheat oven to 180°C. 7. Add water and Chicken Stock Powder to pan and bring to the boil. 8. Add the Pasta Sauce (shake out the bottle with ¼ cup (60ml) of water) and add spaghetti. Stir to mix. 9. Place the chicken in the sauce and simmer for 5 minutes on top of the stove. 10. Place pan in the oven covered with a lid or baking paper. Bake for 40 minutes. 11. While the chicken is baking, mix the topping ingredients (except the olive oil) together in a food processor. 12. Remove baking paper or lid. Turn oven up to 200°C. 13. Sprinkle the breadcrumb topping over the chicken and drizzle over a little olive oil. 14. Brown in the oven for 10 to 15 minutes. 15. Serve with a salad.

This one pot wonder is a real find! Only one pan to wash up and a delicious family friendly meal to enjoy.

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Easy

Minestrone • 2 leeks, well washed and sliced • ½ teaspoon (2.5ml) Ina Paarman’s Green Onion Seasoning • 2 tablespoons (30ml) olive oil • 4 large carrots, coarsely grated • 1 baby cabbage, finely sliced • 400g tin of tomatoes • 6 cups (1.5 litres) boiling water • 2 tablespoons (30ml) Ina Paarman’s Chicken Stock Powder • ¾ cup (180ml) small shell noodles • 2 tablespoons (30ml) Ina Paarman’s Roast Onion Soup & Gravy Powder • ¼ cup (60ml) cold water • 1 cup (250ml) frozen peas • 2 tablespoons (30ml) chopped parsley

Method

1. Sauté the leeks, seasoned with Green Onion Seasoning, in the olive oil until soft and glazed. 2. Add the carrots, cabbage and tomatoes. 3. Add the boiling water, Chicken Stock Powder and noodles. Simmer gently for 20 minutes. 4. Mix the Soup & Gravy Powder with the cold water until you have a smooth paste. 5. Add this mixture, together with the peas, to the soup. Cook for a further 10 minutes. 6. Taste for seasoning and add chopped parsley. 7. Serve piping hot with crusty bread to mop up every last drop.

Gold & Silver

Cupcakes Ingredients: cupcak es

• 3 extra large eg gs, at room temperature • ¾ cup (180ml) cano la oil • 1 cup (250ml) full cream milk, lukewarm • 1 x 600g Ina Paarm an’s Vanilla Cake Mix • 24 small paper cups (silver or gold colour)

Ingredients: icing

• 1 x 250g Ina Paarm an’s Vanilla Icing Kit • 125g butter, at room temperature • 1/3 cup (80ml) water • gold or silver edibl e shimmer dust • gold or silver heliu m balloons

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Serves 4

Ingredients

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1. Adjust the oven rac k to the middle position and preheat the oven to 190°C. 2. Line two muffin pa ns with paper cups. 3. Mix cake according to package instructions. 4. Divide cake mixture between paper cups. 5. Bake for 15 to 20 mi nutes and leave to cool completely. 6. Prepare icing acco rding to package instructions. 7. Spread tops of coole d cupcakes with half of the prepared icing.

8. Pipe a rosette with the remaining icing, on top of each cupcak e using the icing package and nozzle pr ovided. 9. Dip a smallish br us h into the edible shimmer and flick the dust over the cupcakes (best to work on newspaper away from a draft). 10. Arrange the cupcak es on a tiered stand, add candles and ballo ons.

kicks for kids

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kicks for kids

Answer

Find the 10 differences

Connect the dots

Did you know? Insects' bodies have three parts: the head, the thorax (which is the middle part), and the abdomen (the end part).

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PAEDIATRIC WARD & INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PAEDIATRIC PAEDIATRIC WARDWARD & INTENSIVE & INTENSIVE CARE UNIT CARE UNIT Our team of Paeditricians and specialised nursing staff Our team of team Paeditricians of Paeditricians and specialised and nursing nursing staff willOur do their utmost to ensure thespecialised comfort ofstaff your child will do their will do utmost their to utmost ensure to the ensure comfort the comfort of your child of your child in a safe, peaceful environment. in a safe,inpeaceful a safe, peaceful environment. environment. our specialised paediatric specialists our specialised our specialised paediatricpaediatric specialists specialists General Paediatricians General Paediatricians General Paediatricians Dr Leon Jedeikin  Dr Leon  Jedeikin Dr Leon Jedeikin  Dr Carl Wicht  Dr CarlWicht Dr Carl Wicht

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Paediatrician and Nephrologist Paediatrician and Sinclair Nephrologist and Nephrologist  Paediatrician Dr Paul  Dr PaulSinclair Dr Paul Sinclair Paediatrician and Allergologists Paediatrician Allergologists and Allergologists  Paediatrician Profand Claudia Gray  Prof Claudia Dr Candice Prof Gray Claudia RoyalGray  Dr Candice  Dr Royal Candice Royal Paediatrician and Endocrinologist: Paediatrician and Endocrinologist: and Endocrinologist:  Paediatrician Dr Lindsey Levin  Dr Lindsey  Dr Levin Lindsey Levin Paediatrician and Neonatologist Paediatrician andBoshoff Neonatologist and Neonatologist  Paediatrician Dr Lize Coyles  Dr LizeBoshoff Dr Lize Coyles Boshoff Coyles Paediatrician and Pulmonologist Paediatrician and Pulmonologist and Pulmonologist  Paediatrician Dr Aruna Lakhan  Dr Aruna  Lakhan Dr Aruna Lakhan

super-specialised specialists super-specialised super-specialised specialists specialists

Paediatric Dermatologist Paediatric Dermatologist Dermatologist  Paediatric Prof Carol Hlele  Prof Carol  Hlele Prof Carol Hlele Paediatric Surgeons Paediatric Paediatric Surgeons  Surgeons Prof Rob Brown  ProfRobDrBrown Prof Rob Brown Babalwa Nondela  Dr Babalwa Nondela Babalwa Nondela  ProfDr Alister Millar  Prof Alister  Millar Prof Alister Millar Ear, Nose and Throat Surgeons (ENTS) Ear, Nose Ear, Throat Nose Karjieker and Surgeons Throat(ENTS) Surgeons (ENTS)  and Dr Azgher  Dr Azgher  Karjieker Dr Azgher Karjieker  Dr Eve Samson  Dr Eve Dr Martin Dr Eve Samson  Samson Vanlierde  Dr Martin  Vanlierde Dr Martin Vanlierde  Dr Michele Long  Dr Michele Long Dr Michele Long  Dr Paul Crosland  Dr Paul  Crosland Dr Paul Crosland Paediatric Dietician Paediatric Paediatric Dietician  Dietician Susan Cooley-Maree  Susan Cooley-Maree  Susan Cooley-Maree Paediatric Orthopaedic Surgeon Paediatric Paediatric Surgeon Surgeon  Orthopaedic Dr Stewert Orthopaedic Dix-peek  Dr Stewert  Dix-peek Dr Stewert Dix-peek

In a medical emergency, call 0860 123 367 for our FREE advanced life support paramedic response car service. In a medical In aemergency, medical emergency, call 123 367 0860 for 123 our 367 FREE for our FREEofferings advanced life support lifeparamedic support response response service. car service. For0860 morecall information about ouradvanced service please contactparamedic our units: car For moreMaternity: information For more021 information about our about service our offerings service please offerings contact please our contact units: our units: 506 5165 or Paediatric Ward and ICU: 021 506 5136/5137 Maternity: Maternity: 021 506 5165 021 or 506 Paediatric 5165 or Paediatric Ward and Ward ICU: 021 and506 ICU:5136/5137 021 506 5136/5137

www.lifehealthcare.co.za www.lifehealthcare.co.za www.lifehealthcare.co.za

Alexandra Road, Pinelands, Cape Town, 7405 AlexandraAlexandra Road, Pinelands, Road, Pinelands, Cape Town, Cape 7405 Town, 7405

diy

Dad’s

Tool Hanger By Life is a Garden

We’re celebrating dads and father figures this month. Here’s your chance to round up the family for a practical, thoughtful, and fun DIY project. Kids will love giving dad a hand and helping to get all those tools sorted. To finish off the look, we’ll be adding a hardy plant to the pallet tool hanger, so get your green fingers ready!

You will need: • a drill • a pallet • wood hooks (to hang pots) • paint or wood varnish and brush • bucket-style pots with handles (make sure that your wood hooks are large enough to support the pots and fit the pot handle size) • pot plants and potting soil from your garden centre (choose non-creeping/climbing plants and go for an upright beauty instead) • U-type double hook tool hangers and matching screws. Choose hooks that are coated with plastic or rubber to protect dad’s tools from scratches (available at hardware stores). TOP TIP: Your local nursery has a variety of bucket-style pots and baskets to choose from as well as a glorious selection of plants. Take the kids along for a 'green' family outing and enjoy a milkshake in the tea garden! PLANT PICKS: If you’re thinking about installing the tool hanger in a sunny spot, go for succulents and cacti as no-fuss plants that will thrive off a little neglect. Striking cacti also add a rugged feel to the hanger; just remember to ensure plants have good drainage. Evergreen shade and semi-shade plants are also available at nurseries. Ask the friendly staff members for assistance when choosing the perfect plant for your location.

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diy How to make the pallet tool hanger

ive your pallet a coat of paint or wood varnish in the colour of G your choice. Encourage kids to write little messages or paint some pictures for dad on the panels.

Decide where you would like to hang your pots and look at what kind of tools dad uses the most. We recommend a line of four hanging pots along the second panel, leaving space for larger tools to hang below.

Drill four holes, evenly spaced, across your panel. Choose a drill bit that is slightly smaller in diameter than the wood hooks so that you can twist your hooks into the drilled holes by hand.

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Twist the wood hooks into the ready-drilled holes.

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diy

6 Half-fill your pots with nutritious potting soil. Transplant your new babies into the pots and give them a good watering. Let them drain completely.

8 104

Hang your plants on the hooks by the handle-end of the pot.

ow it’s time to gather dad’s most used tools and N pop them on the panels. Drill holes for the U-type double hook tool hangers and fasten them using screws.

Placement of the hooks will depend on the size of the tools you are planning to hang. Give it some thought and arrange the hooks to best suit dad’s handy-man essentials.

TOP TIP: Use the open compartments of the panels for dad to store other hardware accessories. Line the insides of the panels with a plastic material for easy cleaning and grab-and-go convenience. www.lifeisagarden.co.za

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How common is bedwetting? How common is bedwetting?

15 % 15%

of children aged 1 years old of5children aged 5 years old1

10 % 10%

of children aged 1 years old of7children aged 7 years old1

5 % 5%

of children aged 11-12 yearsaged old1 of children 11-12 years old1

Bedwetting can be treated successfully! Bedwetting can be treated successfully! Contact your doctor for advice Contact your doctor for advice

Reference: 1. van Kerrebroeck P, Nørgaard JP. Desmopressin for the treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis. Pediatric Health 2009;3(4):311-327 Reference: 1. van Kerrebroeck P, Nørgaard JP. Desmopressin for the treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis. FERRING (Pty.) Ltd, Route 21 Corporate Park, 6 Regency Drive, Irene Ext 30. Pretoria, South Africa. Pediatric Health 2009;3(4):311-327 Tel: +27 12 345 6358 Fax: +27 12 345 1156. www.ferring.co.za. FERRING, and the FERRING logo are registered trademarks of Ferring B.V.21 ForCorporate full prescribing please refer thePretoria, packageSouth insertAfrica. approved by the FERRING (Pty.) Ltd, Route Park, 6information Regency Drive, Irene Extto30. medicines 2022_039 FERRING, Effective date: May 2022. logo are registered Tel: +27 12regulatory 345 6358authority. Fax: +27 https://bit.ly/3hUP4km. 12 345 1156. www.ferring.co.za. and the FERRING trademarks of Ferring B.V. For full prescribing information please refer to the package insert approved by the medicines regulatory authority. https://bit.ly/3hUP4km. 2022_039 Effective date: May 2022.

Adorn Photography & Film

info@adornphotography.co.za www.adornphotography.co.za

Our goal as photographers is to capture real moments and emotions during the remarkable moments in your life!

Our photos are authentic, intimate, colourful and real. We love capturing images that can be treasured forever. For more information: Werner Taljaard +27 (0)72 297 2218 Sanli Taljaard +27 (0)76 604 6601

(from July)

Viral infections like colds and flu are common in babies and children. Should your little one require specialist care, our qualified nursing team and paediatric specialists are here to help you. Paediatricians Dr Allan Puterman Dr Hedi van der Watt Dr Lara Smith Dr Rabeen Lutchman For doctor information and contact details, please contact 021 670 4000 or visit our hospital web page. Life Kingsbury Hospital paediatric unit 021 670 4076/4195 24-hour emergency unit 021 670 4039 Wilderness Road, Claremont, 7700 | Tel: 021 670 4000

+27 31 492 3416 | customercare@aakh.co.za

+27 31 492 3400 | info@aakh.co.za

DEFEND against Future Joint Pain?

DEDI CATE D TO UNLOCKI NG T HE P OT ENT IAL OF EV ER Y CHI LD IN OUR CARE

T he B aby Th e ra py C en tre i s an Ear ly C hi l dho od In terv en ti on ( E C I) T he rapy Ce ntr e a n d re gist ered N on P r o fi t Or gan isation ( NP O) . For mo re th a n 27 y e a rs, our mission ha s be e n to p rom ote ch ild h e a lth by mi nimizin g d e velop men tal dela ys a n d reme d iatin g e xi stin g or e mergi ng s pe c ial n e eds. W e care f or t h e w ho le f amily by a s si s tin g wi th a da pti ve p a r en tin g a nd fami ly f unc tio nin g to a c co mmod ate s peci al ne eds c hildr en' s di f f e ren t e motio nal an d ph y sic al nee ds .

CHILDREN FROM BIRTH TO 6 YEARS

Services OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY PHYSIOTHERAPY SPEECH-LANGUAGE THERAPY DIETETICS & NUTRITION MUSIC THERAPY

BOOK YOUR APPOINTMENT Today! 012 348 2060 reception@babytherapy.org.za 347 Elizabeth Grove South Lynnwood I Pretoria Practice No: 5000734

Proprietary name and dosage form: FlexofendTM Capsules. Composition: Each capsule contains: 500mg NEM® Eggshell Membrane. Pharmacological classification: D34.13 Other (Complementary medicine: Health supplement) Name and business address of applicant: Azariah Pharmaceuticals (Pty) Ltd. Co. Reg. No.: 2018/312646/07 Address: Pretoria, Gauteng, 0186. Tel. No.: +27 61 192 2377 www.azariah.co.za For full prescribing information, refer to the package insert. Clinical references are available on request from Azariah Pharmaceuticals. AZ43/2022

book reviews – pearson books

Tuffy Books by Cottage Door Press Playful illustrations and minimal text make these books an ideal first “reading” experience for curious babies/toddlers, and offer an array of sensory experiences that strengthen fine motor skills, hand-eye coordination, and soothes tender gums. Tuffy books are uniquely made to withstand the traditional wear and tear from teething babies and toddlers, BPA-free, and washable. Read it. Chew it. Wash it. Love it. That’s the Tuffy way!

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Tuffy Teether: Unicorns Love Colour

Tuffy Teether: Mermaid’s First Words

Tuffy Teether: Good Morning First Colours

Tuffy Teether: Good Night First Counting

Introduce your little one to majestic unicorns and the wondrous world of colours in this sweetly illustrated first book. Meet sweet unicorns and explore happy colours reminiscent of sunshine, yummy food, and magic! There's a whole world full of colours to explore! Learn about colours beyond the rainbow including mint, lavender, aqua, coral, peach, and pink too.

Introduce your little one to the enchantingly bubbly underwater world of mermaids in this sweetly illustrated first book. Tour the sea and learn new aquatic words including bubbles, fish, crab, and coral as well as common colours. Meet an adorable mermaid family and learn words: mother, father, brother, sister, and friend.

Tough enough to be a teether for toddlers, little ones can start learning about colours or use as a soothing teether with this chewable book. Say good morning to the green frogs and white ducks in the pond. Take a walk through the farm and point out the red barn or the blue tractor. Hop in a yellow taxi and tour the city for all the colourful sights. There are fun activities and different colours to explore on every page!

Wish the night sky and the creatures below good night! One moon, two bears, three turtles, and so on. Count along with sleepy forest friends in this durable (and chewable) teether book. Enjoy relaxing, sleepy-time illustrations on every page! These washable, safetysewn pages are safe for toddlers to chew on and feel just like paper.

www.babysandbeyond.co.za

Caring for every breath your baby takes DuoBaby 2 in 1 compressor nebuliser with integrated nasal aspirator

E RM U O COL A BOX MEG

Pampers Baby Dry Or Pants Super Saver Box, Assorted Sizes

R749 per pack

Baby Care Bumper Baby Hamper Set 5 Piece

R219

Anatomical shape for a better fit

Nestlé Cerelac is loaded with essential minerals and vitamins.

Reduced sagging even when getting full

SUPER SAVER

Nestle Cerelac Stage 1 Regular 1kg

R126

It is important for babies to start with food that is soft, smooth and easy to digest.

Huggies® Gold Giga Bag Assorted Sizes

R369 per pack

Purity Jars or Pouches Assorted

ANY 8 FOR R75

FIND IT CHEAPER ELSEWHERE, AND WE’LL BEAT IT BY 10% ON THE DIFFERENCE, GUARANTEED. T’ S A N D C’

Y PL

Products are available in South African stores only. All prices listed are in South African rands. All prices include VAT. Game endeavours to meet the demand on all promotional lines, but stocks are limited·

Five Point Safety Harness

Little One Reversible Stroller

Little One Hooded Towel

R1999

R150 each

WE’VE GOT YOU Get everything you need for baby at game; from strollers and camp cots to baby food and nappies at everyday low, low prices.

Group 0+ 0-13kg

Little One Comfort Blanket

Safeway Orbit Infant Seat

Little One Duck Walking Ring

Johnson’s Baby Oil 500ml

R99 each

R1999

must-have accessory

R599

2 FOR R120

R1599

A removable toy bar to keep baby entertained.

Babylinks Baby Piano Play Gym

R429

A changing table to make nappy time effortless.

Side storage pockets to have all your essentials at bay.

Fancy Baby Campcot

• From birth • Easy to assemble • Foldable and on wheels • Travel bag included • Item no: 800399

DEALS VALID FOR 3 MONTHS. 01 JUNE - 31 AUGUST 2022

Johnson’s Baby Aqueous Cream 500ml

ANY 3 FOR R100

View our full range in store or online at www.game.co.za.

No Traders please. We reserve the right to limit quantities. Prices do not include insurance and delivery. Prices exclude accessories used for advertising purposes.

Baby's and Beyond - Volume 9 l Issue 2

Articles inside

Dad’s tool hanger

Kick for kids

What parents need to know about teen nutrition

Recipes

5 tips to incorporate more plant based foods into your diet

Pain relief for kids – 5 pointers for parents

Nappy rash 101

Body image: The ins and outs and its link with mental health in adolescents

How to manage asthma in children

Winter and childhood asthma

Tonsillitis in children

How to help your adult kids to become financially independent

All you need to know about your child’s cold, flu and immune system

Changes you need to make to your beauty routine when the temperature drops

Here’s to the nose, the importance of nasal hygiene

8 Money management lessons that will set your children up for life

Home remedies

Everyone’s talking about alopecia! Here’s what you need to know

Two innovative skincare products with three-times the benefits

How to raise successful children in a competitive culture

Irshaad Ally: Girl dad extraordinaire

Early maths skills a better predictor of academic success

In the first 1 000 days be sure to include eggs

Pregnancy after 35? You are not alone

Essentials for those first weeks at home

Snippets

Is parental influence on younger children effective in today’s societal context?